WO2020258466A1 - 一种相变材料及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

一种相变材料及其制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020258466A1
WO2020258466A1 PCT/CN2019/101301 CN2019101301W WO2020258466A1 WO 2020258466 A1 WO2020258466 A1 WO 2020258466A1 CN 2019101301 W CN2019101301 W CN 2019101301W WO 2020258466 A1 WO2020258466 A1 WO 2020258466A1
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Prior art keywords
change material
phase change
content
rod
firmware
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/101301
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
柯炜昌
刘华臣
刘冰
刘磊
黄龙
罗诚浩
Original Assignee
湖北中烟工业有限责任公司
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Priority claimed from CN201910575219.7A external-priority patent/CN112137163A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910575218.2A external-priority patent/CN112220109A/zh
Application filed by 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 filed Critical 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司
Priority to EP19934833.5A priority Critical patent/EP3957193A4/en
Priority to KR1020217037057A priority patent/KR20220002375A/ko
Publication of WO2020258466A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020258466A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/04—Cigars; Cigarettes with mouthpieces or filter-tips
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0275—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters for filters with special features
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0275—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters for filters with special features
    • A24D3/0279—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters for filters with special features with tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/062—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features
    • A24D3/063—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters characterised by structural features of the fibers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
    • A24D3/10—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/17—Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a phase change material and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of cigarettes.
  • Low-temperature cigarettes heat the tobacco through external heating elements.
  • the atomization medium in the cigarette, the flavor components in the tobacco and the additional fragrance are heated to produce smoke instead of burning, reducing the combustion and thermal degradation of the tobacco in traditional cigarettes
  • the produced known types of harmful smoke and dust components In low-temperature cigarettes heated by an external heat source, an important component is the cigarettes of the heated cigarettes, which are tobacco products that can release smoke aerosols under low-temperature heating conditions.
  • the tobacco product reaches the atomization temperature under the condition of 250-350°C (degrees Celsius), and the temperature of high-temperature atomized smoke entering the mouth through the filter section will be higher than the temperature of ordinary cigarettes.
  • the development of cigarettes with suitable temperature is the key to low-temperature cigarettes.
  • Phase change materials are latent heat storage materials that can absorb and release high amounts of latent heat during melting and crystallization, respectively.
  • phase change material changes from a solid phase to a liquid phase or from a liquid phase to a solid phase, thermal energy transfer occurs.
  • the temperature of the phase change material remains almost constant, as is the space around the phase change material, and the heat flowing through the phase change material is "trapped" in the phase change material itself.
  • the existing low-temperature cigarette cooling technology mainly uses the nozzle rod material to cool the longitudinally flowing high-temperature smoke. Because the flue gas passes quickly, the cooling material needs to have a high cooling efficiency.
  • PLA polylactic acid
  • the glass transition temperature of the polylactic acid material is 60-65°C. After the polylactic acid material absorbs the heat of the flue gas, the phase change occurs at this temperature, which makes the flue gas The temperature drops.
  • the phase transition temperature of the polylactic acid material is 60 to 65°C, the lowest temperature that the flue gas temperature can be reduced to is the phase transition temperature of the polylactic acid material. Therefore, it hinders the further reduction of the flue gas temperature and has a cooling efficiency.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a phase change material, a preparation method of the phase change material, and use of the phase change material, which can improve the cooling efficiency of flue gas.
  • the present invention provides a phase change material, including two of polylactic acid, polyvinyl-lactide, polyglycolide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, and polycaprolactone. More than species.
  • the phase change material is doped with aluminum powder.
  • the content of the aluminum powder is 0.001 to 0.1% by weight.
  • the median diameter of the aluminum powder particles is 5-100 microns.
  • the content of the polylactic acid is 5-75% by weight.
  • the content of the polyethylene lactide is 2-75% by weight.
  • the content of the polyglycolide is 2 to 75% by weight.
  • the content of the polyethylene is 3-85% by weight.
  • the content of the polypropylene is 5-85% by weight.
  • the content of the polyvinyl alcohol is 5-65% by weight.
  • the content of the polycaprolactone is 5-65% by weight.
  • the glass transition temperature of the phase change material is 47 to 57 degrees Celsius.
  • the heat storage coefficient of the phase change material is 1 to 4 watts/m2 ⁇ degree.
  • the thermal conductivity of the phase change material is 0.1 to 0.337 watts/meter ⁇ degree.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned phase change material according to the present invention, comprising the following steps: combining the polylactic acid, the polyglycolide, the polyglycolide, and the polyglycolide At least two of ethylene, the polypropylene, the polyvinyl alcohol, and the polycaprolactone are mixed to form the phase change material.
  • the present invention provides the use of the above-mentioned phase change material according to the present invention and the phase change material prepared according to the above-mentioned method of the present invention in the preparation of a new type of tobacco product spout.
  • the nozzle rod includes a film cooling section, and the film cooling section includes a filter rod formed by a paper rod process.
  • the thin film is made of the phase change material.
  • the thickness of the film is 20-60 microns.
  • the spout bar includes a firmware cooling section
  • the firmware cooling section includes a firmware
  • the firmware includes a shell with hollow ends, and two holes with holes are arranged at intervals in the shell. Filter plate.
  • both the housing and the two porous filter plates are made of the phase change material.
  • the low-temperature cigarette smoke temperature of the mouthpiece is lower than the low-temperature cigarette smoke temperature of the mouthpiece made of polylactic acid material.
  • the temperature of the side surface of the mouth stick lip contact is lower than the temperature of the side surface of the mouth stick lip contact made of polylactic acid material.
  • the present invention provides a spout rod, the spout rod includes a first hollow rod section close to the tobacco section and a first acetate rod section close to the mouth end, in the first hollow rod
  • a film cooling section is arranged between the first section and the first said fiber acetate rod section.
  • the film cooling section includes a filter rod formed by a paper rod process, and the film is made of the phase change material.
  • the present invention provides a mouth rod which includes a second hollow rod section near the tobacco section and a second acetate rod section near the mouth end.
  • a firmware cooling section is arranged between the section and the second acetate rod section, the firmware cooling section includes a firmware, the firmware includes a shell with two ends hollow, and two perforated filter plates are arranged at intervals in the shell , The housing and the two filter plates with holes are made of the phase change material.
  • the present invention has the following advantages: 1.
  • the phase change material of the present invention has a low glass transition temperature and high cooling efficiency. 2.
  • the phase change material of the present invention can improve the physical properties of traditional phase change materials.
  • the preparation method of the phase change material of the present invention is simple and efficient, and does not require investment in complicated processes and equipment.
  • the smoke temperature of the low-temperature cigarette of the mouthpiece of the present invention is lower than the smoke temperature of the low-temperature cigarette of the mouthpiece made of polylactic acid material, and the temperature of the side surface where the lips of the mouthpiece contact is lower than that of the mouthpiece made of polylactic acid material
  • the temperature of the side surface of the stick lip contact, the mouth stick has high cooling efficiency, good cooling effect, and good safety.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a firmware in a specific embodiment of the use of the phase change material of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of a filter plate with holes in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a specific embodiment of the preparation method of the phase change material of the present invention.
  • the phase change material proposed by the present invention includes at least two of polylactic acid, polyvinyl-lactide, polyglycolide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol and polycaprolactone.
  • the phase change material is doped with aluminum powder.
  • the content of aluminum powder is 0.001 to 0.1% by weight.
  • the heat storage coefficient of aluminum powder is 191 W/m2 ⁇ degree.
  • the thermal conductivity of aluminum powder is 237 W/m ⁇ degree, and the thermal conductivity and heat storage performance are good.
  • the median diameter of aluminum powder particles is 5-100 microns (D50, the particle size corresponding to when the cumulative particle size distribution percentage of aluminum powder particles reaches 50%).
  • the content of polylactic acid is 5-75% by weight based on the total weight of the phase change material.
  • the content of polyethylene lactide is 2-75% by weight.
  • the content of polyglycolide is 2-75% by weight.
  • the content of polyethylene is 3-85% by weight based on the total weight of the phase change material.
  • the content of polypropylene is 5 to 85% by weight.
  • the content of polyvinyl alcohol is 5-65% by weight based on the total weight of the phase change material.
  • the content of polycaprolactone is 5-65% by weight based on the total weight of the phase change material.
  • the glass transition temperature of the phase change material is 47-57°C (degrees Celsius).
  • the heat storage coefficient of the phase change material is 1 to 4 W/(m 2 ⁇ K) (watts/square meter ⁇ degree).
  • the thermal conductivity of the phase change material is 0.1 to 0.337 W/(m ⁇ K) (watts/meter ⁇ degree).
  • the phase change material of the invention has a low glass transition temperature, high cooling efficiency, and good thermal conductivity and heat storage performance.
  • the preparation method of the phase change material proposed by the present invention includes the following steps: combining polylactic acid, polyvinyl-lactide, polyglycolide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, and polycaprolactone. Mix at least two kinds.
  • polylactic acid polyvinyl-lactide
  • polyglycolide polyethylene
  • polypropylene polyvinyl alcohol
  • polycaprolactone polycaprolactone
  • phase change material select any two or more of polylactic acid, polyglycolide, polyglycolide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, and polycaprolactone
  • the mixing is carried out to form a phase change material.
  • the mixture is made to have the desired physical properties.
  • phase change materials have the advantages of low glass transition temperature and high cooling efficiency.
  • phase change materials have the advantages of low glass transition temperature, high cooling efficiency, and good thermal conductivity and heat storage performance.
  • the preparation method of the phase change material of the present invention is simple and efficient, and does not require investment in complicated processes and equipment.
  • the present invention provides the use of the above-mentioned phase change material according to the present invention and the phase change material prepared according to the above-mentioned method of the present invention in the preparation of a new type of tobacco product spout.
  • the nozzle rod includes a film cooling section, and the film cooling section includes a filter rod formed by a paper rod process.
  • the film is made of phase change material.
  • the thickness of the film is 20-60 ⁇ m (micrometers).
  • the nozzle rod includes a firmware cooling section
  • the firmware cooling section includes a firmware 1
  • the firmware includes a shell 11 with hollow ends, and two perforated filter plates 12 are arranged at intervals inside the shell 11 (as shown in FIG. 1. As shown in Figure 2).
  • the housing 11 and the two perforated filter plates 12 are both made of phase change material.
  • vent holes 2 in the two perforated filter plates 12 respectively, which can improve the cooling effect.
  • the multiple ventilation holes 2 on the two perforated filter plates 12 are all arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • the low-temperature cigarette smoke temperature of the mouth stick is lower than the low-temperature cigarette smoke temperature of the mouth stick made of polylactic acid material.
  • the temperature of the side surface of the mouth stick lip contact is lower than the temperature of the side surface of the mouth stick lip contact made of polylactic acid material.
  • the novel tobacco product is a low-temperature cigarette.
  • phase change material of the invention has wide applications and good safety.
  • the present application proposes a mouthpiece rod.
  • the mouthpiece rod includes a first hollow rod section close to the shredded tobacco section and a first acetate rod section near the mouth end.
  • the first hollow rod section and the first A film cooling section is arranged between the acetate rod sections.
  • the film cooling section includes a filter rod formed by a paper rod process, and the film is made of a phase change material.
  • the present application proposes a mouth rod.
  • the mouth rod includes a second hollow rod section near the tobacco section and a second acetate rod section near the mouth end.
  • the second hollow rod section and the second A firmware cooling section is arranged between the fiber acetate rod sections.
  • the firmware cooling section includes a firmware 1 (as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).
  • the firmware 1 includes a shell 11 with hollow ends, and two belts are arranged in the shell 11 at intervals.
  • the perforated filter plate 12, the housing 11 and the two perforated filter plates 12 are all made of phase change material.
  • the content of polylactic acid (PLA) is 55% by weight
  • the content of polyglycolide (PLGA) is 2% by weight
  • the content of polyethylene (PE) is 18% by weight
  • the content of alcohol (PVA) is 15% by weight
  • the content of polycaprolactone (PCL) is 10% by weight.
  • the glass transition temperature of the phase change material is 52 degrees Celsius.
  • phase change material is used to prepare a film with a thickness of 40 microns, and the film is prepared according to the paper rod process to prepare the film cooling section of the mouth rod.
  • a mouthpiece with a film cooling section compared with a mouthpiece with a polylactic acid film cooling section, the smoke temperature of low-temperature cigarettes is reduced by 1.8 degrees Celsius.
  • a mouth stick with a film cooling section has a temperature drop of 1.3 degrees Celsius on the side surface of the mouth stick where the lips touch (10 mm from the end of the mouth stick).
  • the content of polylactic acid (PLA) is 35% by weight
  • the content of polyglycolide (PLGA) is 12% by weight
  • the content of polyethylene (PE) is 10% by weight
  • the content of alcohol (PVA) is 10% by weight
  • the content of polycaprolactone (PCL) is 33% by weight.
  • the glass transition temperature of the phase change material is determined to be 48 degrees Celsius.
  • the firmware 1 includes a shell 11 with hollow ends, and two perforated filter plates 12 are arranged at intervals in the shell 11 (as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2)
  • the firmware is used to prepare the firmware cooling section of the mouth stick.
  • a mouthpiece with a firmware cooling section has a lower temperature of the smoke of a low-temperature cigarette by 2.5 degrees Celsius compared with a mouthpiece with a polylactic acid film cooling section.
  • the temperature of the mouthpiece with the cooling section of the fixture is reduced by 2.3 degrees Celsius on the side surface of the mouthpiece where the lips are in contact (10 mm from the end of the mouthpiece).
  • the content of polylactic acid (PLA) is 55% by weight
  • the content of polyglycolide (PLGA) is 2% by weight
  • the content of polyethylene (PE) is 18% by weight
  • the content of alcohol (PVA) is 15% by weight
  • the content of polycaprolactone (PCL) is 10% by weight.
  • phase change material is doped with 0.01% by weight of aluminum powder.
  • the aluminum powder particle size is 20 microns (D50 diameter).
  • the glass transition temperature of the phase change material is 52 degrees Celsius
  • the heat storage coefficient is 1.2 W/m2 ⁇ degree
  • the thermal conductivity is 0.213 W/m ⁇ degree.
  • phase change material is used to prepare a film with a thickness of 40 microns, and the film is prepared according to the paper rod process to prepare the film cooling section of the mouth rod.
  • a mouthpiece with a film cooling section compared with a mouthpiece with a polylactic acid film cooling section, reduces the smoke temperature of low-temperature cigarettes by 2.5 degrees Celsius.
  • the mouth stick with a film cooling section has a temperature drop of 1.8 degrees Celsius on the side surface of the mouth stick where the lips are in contact (10 mm from the end of the mouth stick).
  • the content of polylactic acid (PLA) is 35% by weight
  • the content of polyglycolide (PLGA) is 12% by weight
  • the content of polyethylene (PE) is 10% by weight
  • the content of alcohol (PVA) is 10% by weight
  • the content of polycaprolactone (PCL) is 33% by weight.
  • phase change material is doped with 0.03 wt% aluminum powder.
  • the aluminum powder particle size is 20 microns (D50 diameter).
  • the glass transition temperature of the phase change material is 48 degrees Celsius
  • the heat storage coefficient is 3.2 W/m2 ⁇ degree
  • the thermal conductivity is 0.153 W/m ⁇ degree.
  • the firmware 1 includes a shell 11 with hollow ends, and two perforated filter plates 12 are arranged at intervals in the shell 11 (as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2)
  • the firmware is used to prepare the firmware cooling section of the mouth stick.
  • a mouthpiece with a firmware cooling section compared with a mouthpiece with a polylactic acid film cooling section, the smoke temperature of low-temperature cigarettes is reduced by 3.8 degrees Celsius.
  • the temperature of the mouthpiece with the cooling section of the fixture is lowered by 3.2 degrees Celsius on the side surface of the mouthpiece where the lips are in contact (10 mm from the end of the mouthpiece).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)

Abstract

一种相变材料及其制备方法和用途。相变材料包括聚乳酸、聚乙丙交脂、聚乙交脂、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇以及聚己内脂中的至少两种。相变材料的制备方法，包括将所述聚乳酸、所述聚乙丙交脂、所述聚乙交脂、所述聚乙烯、所述聚丙烯、所述聚乙烯醇以及所述聚己内脂中的至少两种混合形成所述相变材料。相变材料在制备烟草制品用嘴棒中的用途。相变材料的降温效率高，玻璃化温度低，导热和储热性能好，制备过程简洁高效，用途广泛。

Description

一种相变材料及其制备方法和用途 技术领域
本发明涉及一种相变材料及其制备方法和用途，属于卷烟技术领域。
背景技术
低温卷烟是通过外部加热元件对烟草进行加热，烟支中的雾化介质、烟草中的香味成分和外加香通过加热产生烟雾，而非通过燃烧，减少通过传统香烟中的烟草的燃烧和热降解所产生的已知类型的有害烟尘成分。外部热源加热的低温卷烟中，一个重要的组成部分为被加热卷烟的烟支，该烟支是能够在低温加热条件下释放出烟气气溶胶的烟草制品。该烟草制品在250～350℃(摄氏度)的条件下达到雾化温度，高温雾化烟气通过滤嘴段进入到口腔中的温度会高于普通卷烟燃烧的温度。研制合适温度的卷烟是低温卷烟的关键。
相变材料是分别在熔化和结晶期间能够吸收和释放高量潜热的潜热存储材料。当相变材料从固相转变为液相或从液相转变为固相时，发生热能转移。在此类相变材料相变期间，该相变材料的温度保持几乎恒定，该相变材料周围的空间也是如此，流经该相变材料的热量被“截留”在该相变材料本身内。
现有低温卷烟降温技术主要通过嘴棒材料对纵向流动的高温烟气进行降温处理。由于烟气通过时间快，因此需要降温材料的降温效率高。然而，现有技术中主要采用PLA(聚乳酸)材料进行降温，聚乳酸材料的玻璃化温度为60～65℃，聚乳酸材料吸收烟气的热量后在该温度下发生相变，使得烟气温度降低。但是，由于聚乳酸材料的相变温度为60～65℃，烟气温度能够降到的最低温度是聚乳酸材料的相变温度，因此，阻碍了烟气温度的进一步降低，在降温效率上具有一定的局限性。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种相变材料，该相变材料的制备方法，以及该相变材料的用途，能够提高烟气的降温效率。
为实现上述目的，一方面，本发明提供了一种相变材料，包括聚乳酸、聚乙丙交脂、聚乙交脂、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇以及聚己内脂中的两种以上。
在一个具体的实施例中，所述相变材料中掺杂有铝粉。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述铝粉的含量为0.001～0.1重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，所述铝粉颗粒的中值径为5～100微米。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述聚乳酸的含量为5～75重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述聚乙丙交脂的含量为2～75重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述聚乙交脂的含量为2～75重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述聚乙烯的含量为3～85重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述聚丙烯的含量为5～85重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述聚乙烯醇的含量为5～65重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述聚己内脂的含量为5～65重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，所述相变材料的玻璃化温度为47～57摄氏度。
在一个具体的实施例中，所述相变材料的储热系数为1～4瓦/平方米·度。
在一个具体的实施例中，所述相变材料的导热系数为0.1～0.337瓦/米·度。
另一方面，本发明提供了一种根据本发明的上述相变材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将所述聚乳酸、所述聚乙丙交脂、所述聚乙交脂、所述聚乙烯、所述聚丙烯、所述聚乙烯醇以及所述聚己内脂中的至少两种混合形成所述相变 材料。
再一方面，本发明提供了根据本发明的上述相变材料和根据本发明的上述方法制得的相变材料在制备新型烟草制品用嘴棒中的用途。
在一个具体的实施例中，所述嘴棒包括薄膜降温段，所述薄膜降温段包括薄膜按纸棒工艺成型的滤棒。
在一个具体的实施例中，所述薄膜采用所述相变材料制成。
在一个具体的实施例中，所述薄膜的厚度为20～60微米。
在一个具体的实施例中，所述嘴棒包括固件降温段，所述固件降温段包括固件，所述固件包括两端中空的壳体，在所述壳体的内部间隔设置有两个带孔滤板。
在一个具体的实施例中，所述壳体和两所述带孔滤板均采用所述相变材料制成。
在一个具体的实施例中，所述嘴棒的低温卷烟烟气温度低于聚乳酸材料制成的嘴棒的低温卷烟烟气温度。
在一个具体的实施例中，所述嘴棒嘴唇接触处的侧表面的温度低于聚乳酸材料制成的嘴棒嘴唇接触处的侧表面的温度。
在上述相变材料的基础上，本发明提供了一种嘴棒，所述嘴棒包括靠近烟丝段的第一中空棒段和靠近嘴端的第一醋纤棒段，在所述第一中空棒段和第一所述醋纤棒段之间设置有薄膜降温段，所述薄膜降温段包括薄膜按纸棒工艺成型的滤棒，所述薄膜采用所述相变材料制成。
在上述嘴棒的基础上，本发明又提供了一种嘴棒，所述嘴棒包括靠近烟丝段的第二中空棒段和靠近嘴端的第二醋纤棒段，在所述第二中空棒段和所述第二醋纤棒段之间设置有固件降温段，所述固件降温段包括固件，所述固件包括两端中空的壳体，在所述壳体内间隔设置有两带孔滤板，所述壳体和两所述带孔滤板均采用所述相变材料制成。
本发明由于采取以上技术方案，其具有以下优点：1、本发明相变材料的玻璃化温度低，降温效率高。2、本发明相变材料能够改良传统相变材料的物理性 能。3、本发明相变材料的制备方法简洁高效，无需复杂工艺和设备的投入。4、本发明嘴棒的低温卷烟的烟气温度低于聚乳酸材料制成的嘴棒的低温卷烟的烟气温度，嘴棒嘴唇接触处的侧表面的温度低于聚乳酸材料制成的嘴棒嘴唇接触处的侧表面的温度，嘴棒的降温效率高，降温效果好，安全性好。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且部分的从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本发明而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点可通过在说明书、权利要求书以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图说明
为了更清楚的说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要的附图做简单的介绍：
图1是本发明的相变材料的用途的一个具体实施例中的固件的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的一个具体实施例中带孔滤板的平面示意图；
图3是本发明的相变材料的制备方法的一个具体实施例的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图及实施例来详细说明本发明的实施方式，借此对本发明如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题，并达成技术效果的实现过程能充分理解并据以实施。需要说明的是，只要不构成冲突，本发明中的各个实施例以及各实施例中的各个特征可以相互结合，所形成的技术方案均在本发明的保护范围之内。
一方面，本发明提出的相变材料，包括聚乳酸、聚乙丙交脂、聚乙交脂、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇以及聚己内脂中的至少两种。
在一个具体的实施例中，相变材料中掺杂有铝粉。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于相变材料的总重量，铝粉的含量为0.001～0.1重量％。其中，铝粉的储热系数为191瓦/平方米·度。铝粉的导热系数为237瓦/米·度，导热性能和储热性能好。
在一个具体的实施例中，铝粉颗粒的中值径为5～100微米(D50，铝粉颗 粒的累计粒度分布百分数达到50％时所对应的粒径)。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于相变材料的总重量，聚乳酸的含量为5～75重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于相变材料的总重量，聚乙丙交脂的含量为2～75重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于相变材料的总重量，聚乙交脂的含量为2～75重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于相变材料的总重量，聚乙烯的含量为3～85重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于相变材料的总重量，聚丙烯的含量为5～85重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于相变材料的总重量，聚乙烯醇的含量为5～65重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，基于相变材料的总重量，聚己内脂的含量为5～65重量％。
在一个具体的实施例中，相变材料的玻璃化温度为47～57℃(摄氏度)。
在一个具体的实施例中，相变材料的储热系数为1～4W/(m 2·K)(瓦/平方米·度)。
在一个具体的实施例中，相变材料的导热系数为0.1～0.337W/(m·K)(瓦/米·度)。
本发明相变材料的玻璃化温度低，降温效率高，导热性能和储热性能好。
另一方面，本发明提出的相变材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将聚乳酸、聚乙丙交脂、聚乙交脂、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇以及聚己内脂中的至少两种混合。
在一个具体的实施例中，根据实际需要，聚乳酸、聚乙丙交脂、聚乙交脂、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇以及聚己内脂中的混合能够以任意顺序进行。
在一个具体的实施例中，根据实际需要，选择聚乳酸、聚乙丙交脂、聚乙交脂、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇以及聚己内脂中的任意两种或任意多种进行混合形成相变材料。从而将混合物制成具有期望的物理性能。如相变材料具有玻璃化温度低，降温效率高的优点。
在一个具体的实施例中，如图1所示，将聚乳酸、聚乙丙交脂、聚乙交脂、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇以及聚己内脂中的至少两种混合，然后将所得混合物与铝粉进行掺杂。从而将混合物制成具有期望的物理性能。如相变材料具有玻璃化温度低，降温效率高，导热和储热性能好的优点。
本发明相变材料的制备方法简洁高效，无需复杂工艺和设备的投入。
再一方面，本发明提供了根据本发明的上述相变材料和根据本发明的上述方法制得的相变材料在制备新型烟草制品用嘴棒中的用途。
在一个具体的实施例中，嘴棒包括薄膜降温段，薄膜降温段包括薄膜按纸棒工艺成型的滤棒。
在一个具体的实施例中，薄膜采用相变材料制成。
在一个具体的实施例中，薄膜的厚度为20～60μm(微米)。
在一个具体的实施例中，嘴棒包括固件降温段，固件降温段包括固件1，固件包括两端中空的壳体11，在壳体11的内部间隔设置有两带孔滤板12(如图1、图2所示)。
在一个具体的实施例中，壳体11和两带孔滤板12均采用相变材料制成。
在一个具体的实施例中，如图1、图2所示，在两带孔滤板12的透气孔2分别为多个，能够提高降温效果。
在一个具体的实施例中，如图2所示，两带孔滤板12上的多个透气孔2均沿周向等间隔设置。
在一个具体的实施例中，嘴棒的低温卷烟烟气温度低于聚乳酸材料制成的嘴棒的低温卷烟烟气温度。
在一个具体的实施例中，嘴棒嘴唇接触处的侧表面的温度低于聚乳酸材料 制成的嘴棒嘴唇接触处的侧表面的温度。
在一个具体的实施例中，新型烟草制品为低温卷烟。
本发明相变材料用途广泛，安全性好。
在上述相变材料的基础上，本申请提出了一种嘴棒，嘴棒包括靠近烟丝段的第一中空棒段和靠近嘴端的第一醋纤棒段，在第一中空棒段和第一醋纤棒段之间设置有薄膜降温段，薄膜降温段包括薄膜按纸棒工艺成型的滤棒，薄膜采用相变材料制成。
在上述嘴棒的基础上，本申请又提出了一种嘴棒，嘴棒包括靠近烟丝段的第二中空棒段和靠近嘴端的第二醋纤棒段，在第二中空棒段和第二醋纤棒段之间设置有固件降温段，固件降温段包括固件1(如图1、图2所示)，固件1包括两端中空的壳体11，在壳体11内间隔设置有两带孔滤板12，壳体11和两带孔滤板12均采用相变材料制成。
下面列举四个具体的实施例
实施例一
本实施例中的相变材料，聚乳酸(PLA)的含量为55重量％，聚乙丙交酯(PLGA)的含量为2重量％，聚乙烯(PE)的含量为18重量％，聚乙烯醇(PVA)的含量为15重量％，聚己内酯(PCL)的含量10重量％。
进一步地，相变材料的玻璃化温度为52摄氏度。
进一步地，采用相变材料制备40微米厚度的薄膜，将薄膜按照纸棒工艺制备嘴棒的薄膜降温段。
其中，具备薄膜降温段的嘴棒，与具有聚乳酸薄膜降温段的嘴棒相比，低温卷烟的烟气温度降低1.8摄氏度。具备薄膜降温段的嘴棒，与具有聚乳酸薄膜降温段的嘴棒相比，嘴唇接触处的嘴棒侧表面(距嘴棒尾部10毫米处)温度降低1.3摄氏度。
实施例二
本实施例中的相变材料，聚乳酸(PLA)的含量为35重量％，聚乙丙交酯(PLGA)的含量为12重量％，聚乙烯(PE)的含量为10重量％，聚乙烯醇(PVA) 的含量为10重量％，聚己内酯(PCL)的含量33重量％。
进一步地，测定该相变材料的玻璃化温度为48摄氏度。
进一步地，采用相变材料制备固件1，固件1包括两端中空的壳体11，在壳体11的内部间隔设置有两带孔滤板12(如图1、图2所示)
进一步地，采用固件制备嘴棒的固件降温段。
其中，具备固件降温段的嘴棒，与具有聚乳酸薄膜降温段的嘴棒相比，低温卷烟的烟气温度降低2.5摄氏度。具备固件降温段的嘴棒，与具有聚乳酸薄膜降温段的嘴棒相比，嘴唇接触处的嘴棒侧表面(距嘴棒尾部10毫米处)温度降低2.3摄氏度。
实施例三
本实施例中的相变材料，聚乳酸(PLA)的含量为55重量％，聚乙丙交酯(PLGA)的含量为2重量％，聚乙烯(PE)的含量为18重量％，聚乙烯醇(PVA)的含量为15重量％，聚己内酯(PCL)的含量10重量％。
进一步地，在该相变材料中，掺杂0.01重量％的铝粉。
进一步地，铝粉颗粒大小为20微米(D50直径)。
进一步地，相变材料的玻璃化温度为52摄氏度，储热系数为1.2瓦/平方米·度，导热系数为0.213瓦/米·度。
进一步地，采用相变材料制备40微米厚度的薄膜，将薄膜按照纸棒工艺制备嘴棒的薄膜降温段。
其中，具备薄膜降温段的嘴棒，与具有聚乳酸薄膜降温段的嘴棒相比，低温卷烟的烟气温度降低2.5摄氏度。具备薄膜降温段的嘴棒，与具有聚乳酸薄膜降温段的嘴棒相比，嘴唇接触处的嘴棒侧表面(距嘴棒尾部10毫米处)温度降低1.8摄氏度。
实施例四
本实施例中的相变材料，聚乳酸(PLA)的含量为35重量％，聚乙丙交酯(PLGA)的含量为12重量％，聚乙烯(PE)的含量为10重量％，聚乙烯醇(PVA)的含量为10重量％，聚己内酯(PCL)的含量33重量％。
进一步地，在该相变材料中，掺杂0.03重量％的铝粉。
进一步地，铝粉颗粒大小为20微米(D50直径)。
进一步地，相变材料的玻璃化温度为48摄氏度，储热系数为3.2瓦/平方米·度，导热系数为0.153瓦/米·度。
进一步地，采用相变材料制备固件1，固件1包括两端中空的壳体11，在壳体11的内部间隔设置有两带孔滤板12(如图1、图2所示)
进一步地，采用固件制备嘴棒的固件降温段。
其中，具备固件降温段的嘴棒，与具有聚乳酸薄膜降温段的嘴棒相比，低温卷烟的烟气温度降低3.8摄氏度。具备固件降温段的嘴棒，与具有聚乳酸薄膜降温段的嘴棒相比，嘴唇接触处的嘴棒侧表面(距嘴棒尾部10毫米处)温度降低3.2摄氏度。
虽然本发明所公开的实施方式如上，但所述的内容只是为了便于理解本发明而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本发明。任何本发明所属技术领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本发明所公开的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式上及细节上作任何的修改与变化，但本发明的专利保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种相变材料，其特征在于，包括聚乳酸、聚乙丙交脂、聚乙交脂、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇以及聚己内脂中的至少两种。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的相变材料，其特征在于，所述相变材料中掺杂有铝粉。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的相变材料，其特征在于，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述铝粉的含量为0.001～0.1重量％。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的相变材料，其特征在于，所述铝粉颗粒的中值径为5～100微米。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的相变材料，其特征在于，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述聚乳酸的含量为5～75重量％。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的相变材料，其特征在于，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述聚乙丙交脂的含量为2～75重量％。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的相变材料，其特征在于，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述聚乙交脂的含量为2～75重量％。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的相变材料，其特征在于，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述聚乙烯的含量为3～85重量％。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的相变材料，其特征在于，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述聚丙烯的含量为5～85重量％。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的相变材料，其特征在于，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述聚乙烯醇的含量为5～65重量％。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的相变材料，其特征在于，基于所述相变材料的总重量，所述聚己内脂的含量为5～65重量％。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的相变材料，其特征在于，所述相变材料的玻璃化温度为47～57摄氏度。
  13. 根据权利要求2所述的相变材料，其特征在于，所述相变材料的储热系数为1～4瓦/平方米·度，且所述相变材料的导热系数为0.1～0.337瓦/米·度。
  14. 一种制备根据权利要求1～13中任一项所述的相变材料的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：将所述聚乳酸、所述聚乙丙交脂、所述聚乙交脂、所述 聚乙烯、所述聚丙烯、所述聚乙烯醇以及所述聚己内脂中的至少两种混合形成所述相变材料。
  15. 根据权利要求1～13中任一项所述的相变材料和根据权利要求14所述的方法制备的相变材料在新型烟草制品用嘴棒中的用途。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的用途，其特征在于，所述嘴棒包括薄膜降温段，所述薄膜降温段包括薄膜按纸棒工艺成型的滤棒。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的用途，其特征在于，所述薄膜采用所述相变材料制成。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的用途，其特征在于，所述薄膜的厚度为20～60微米。
  19. 根据权利要求15所述的用途，其特征在于，所述嘴棒包括固件降温段，所述固件降温段包括固件，所述固件包括两端中空的壳体，在所述壳体的内部间隔设置有两个带孔滤板。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的用途，其特征在于，所述壳体和两所述带孔滤板均采用所述相变材料制成。
  21. 根据权利要求15所述的用途，其特征在于，所述嘴棒的低温卷烟烟气温度低于聚乳酸材料制成的嘴棒的低温卷烟烟气温度。
  22. 根据权利要求15所述的用途，其特征在于，所述嘴棒嘴唇接触处的侧表面的温度低于聚乳酸材料制成的嘴棒嘴唇接触处的侧表面的温度。
  23. 一种嘴棒，其特征在于，所述嘴棒包括靠近烟丝段的第一中空棒段和靠近嘴端的第一醋纤棒段，在所述第一中空棒段和第一所述醋纤棒段之间设置有薄膜降温段，所述薄膜降温段包括薄膜按纸棒工艺成型的滤棒，所述薄膜采用根据权利要求1～9中任一项所述的相变材料和根据权利要求10所述的方法制备的相变材料制成。
  24. 一种嘴棒，其特征在于，所述嘴棒包括靠近烟丝段的第二中空棒段和靠近嘴端的第二醋纤棒段，在所述第二中空棒段和所述第二醋纤棒段之间设置有固件降温段，所述固件降温段包括固件，所述固件包括两端中空的壳体，在所述壳体内间隔设置有两带孔滤板，所述壳体和两所述带孔滤板均采用根据权利要求1～13中任一项所述的相变材料和根据权利要求10所述的方法制备的相变材料制成。
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