WO2020258262A1 - 显示面板及其制备方法、显示装置 - Google Patents

显示面板及其制备方法、显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020258262A1
WO2020258262A1 PCT/CN2019/093747 CN2019093747W WO2020258262A1 WO 2020258262 A1 WO2020258262 A1 WO 2020258262A1 CN 2019093747 W CN2019093747 W CN 2019093747W WO 2020258262 A1 WO2020258262 A1 WO 2020258262A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
display
sub
layer
light
display panel
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PCT/CN2019/093747
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张家豪
王浩然
谷朋浩
张嵩
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to CN201980000942.0A priority Critical patent/CN110520919B/zh
Priority to US16/955,363 priority patent/US20220140040A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/093747 priority patent/WO2020258262A1/zh
Publication of WO2020258262A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020258262A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/126—Shielding, e.g. light-blocking means over the TFTs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/57—Mechanical or electrical details of cameras or camera modules specially adapted for being embedded in other devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
    • H10K50/844—Encapsulations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/60—OLEDs integrated with inorganic light-sensitive elements, e.g. with inorganic solar cells or inorganic photodiodes
    • H10K59/65—OLEDs integrated with inorganic image sensors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/1201—Manufacture or treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/87—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
    • H10K59/873—Encapsulations

Definitions

  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a display panel, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device.
  • a camera is usually set in current electronic display products, and in order to pursue a narrow frame to obtain a better display effect, the camera can be placed under the display screen to obtain an under-screen camera structure.
  • the light generated by the display screen will enter the camera after being reflected inside the display screen and interfere with the function of the camera.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display panel that includes a display array layer, a first optical structure layer, and a first light-shielding pattern.
  • the display array layer includes a first sub-display area and at least A partially surrounded second sub-display area, the second sub-display area is set to allow ambient light to pass through, the first optical structure layer is located on the display side of the display array layer, and the first light shielding pattern is located in the first optical structure
  • the side of the layer facing the display array layer, and the first shading pattern at least partially surrounds the second sub-display area and exposes at least a portion of the second sub-display area.
  • the first light shielding pattern is located between the display array layer and the first optical structure layer. between.
  • the display array layer includes a plurality of sub-pixels spaced apart from each other, and in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the display array layer, the first light-shielding pattern At least partially overlapped with the interval area of the adjacent sub-pixels.
  • the first light-shielding pattern in the second sub-display area, further includes a mesh-shaped light-shielding strip, and on the surface where the display array layer is located.
  • the orthographic projection of the mesh part of the light shielding strip coincides with the orthographic projection of the interval area of the sub-pixels
  • the orthographic projection of the mesh of the light shielding strip coincides with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixels.
  • the first optical structure layer includes an optical film.
  • the optical film includes a quarter wave plate and/or a polarizer.
  • the display panel provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes an encapsulation layer, the encapsulation layer is located between the display array layer and the first optical structure layer, and the first light shielding pattern is located between the encapsulation layer and the encapsulation layer. Between the first optical structure layers, or the first shading pattern is between the display array layer and the encapsulation layer.
  • the display panel provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a first optical adhesive layer, the first optical adhesive layer is located between the encapsulation layer and the optical film, and the first shading pattern is located on the Between the first optical adhesive layer and the encapsulation layer, or between the first optical adhesive layer and the optical film.
  • the thickness of the first optical adhesive layer is not less than the thickness of the first light shielding pattern.
  • the thickness of the first optical adhesive layer is at least four times the thickness of the first light shielding pattern.
  • the first light-shielding pattern is located on the display array layer away from the first optical structure layer. Side.
  • a portion of the first light shielding pattern located in the second sub-display area is provided with a plurality of openings.
  • the display panel provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a black matrix, and at least a part of the black matrix is located in the first sub-display area and located on a side of the first optical structure layer away from the display array layer. side.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device including the display panel in any of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the display device provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes an image capturing device located on the side of the display panel opposite to the display side, and on the surface of the display panel, the The orthographic projection of the second sub-display area and the orthographic projection of the image capturing device at least partially overlap.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a display panel, including: forming a display array layer including a first sub-display area and a second sub-display area at least partially surrounded by the first sub-display area, the second sub-display area
  • the display area is formed to allow ambient light to pass through;
  • a first optical structure layer is formed on the display side of the display array layer;
  • a first light-shielding pattern is formed on the side of the first optical structure layer facing the display array layer, The first light shielding pattern is formed to at least partially surround the second sub-display area and expose at least a portion of the second sub-display area.
  • the formed display array layer includes a plurality of spaced sub-pixels
  • forming the first light shielding pattern includes: forming a mesh in the second sub-display area Light-shielding strip; wherein, on the surface where the display array layer is located, the orthographic projection of the mesh part of the light-shielding strip coincides with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel spacing area, and the orthographic projection of the mesh of the light-shielding strip is The orthographic projections of the sub-pixels coincide.
  • the method for manufacturing a display panel provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: forming an encapsulation layer on the display side surface of the display array layer; wherein the encapsulation layer is located between the display array layer and the first optical layer. Between structural layers.
  • forming the first light-shielding pattern includes: applying a light-shielding material on the encapsulation layer to form the first light-shielding pattern, and then providing a first optical adhesive layer To attach the first optical structure layer to the encapsulation layer; or apply a light-shielding material to one side of the first optical structure layer to form a first light-shielding pattern, and then provide a first optical adhesive layer to The first optical structure layer is attached to the packaging layer.
  • the method of applying the light-shielding material includes screen printing.
  • FIG. 1A is a plan view of a display panel provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the display panel shown in FIG. 1A along A-B;
  • FIG. 1C is a schematic diagram of the arrangement relationship between a first light shielding pattern and sub-pixels in the display panel shown in FIG. 1B;
  • FIG. 1D is a schematic diagram of the arrangement relationship between another first light shielding pattern and sub-pixels in the display panel shown in FIG. 1B;
  • FIG. 1E is a plan view of the first shading pattern shown in FIG. 1D;
  • FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of another display panel provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2B is a plan view of the first light shielding pattern in the display panel shown in FIG. 2A;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another display panel provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another display panel provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • 5A is a cross-sectional view of another display panel provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5B is a plan view of the first light shielding pattern in the display panel shown in FIG. 5A;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another display panel provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view of a display device provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view of another display device provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • 8A to 8C are process diagrams of a method for manufacturing a display panel provided by some embodiments of the disclosure.
  • the camera can be set under the display panel, for example, can be set to overlap the display area of the display panel (such as OLED), that is, the under-screen camera structure can be obtained. It helps to realize the narrow frame of the display panel to realize full-screen display.
  • the display panel such as OLED
  • the display side of the display panel is usually provided with a multi-layer structure for packaging and improving the display effect. Due to the refractive index difference between the various components (layers) in the multi-layer structure, multiple interfaces are generated in the display panel. The light cannot completely pass through the multilayer structure, and a part of the light will be reflected at the interface between the components of the multilayer structure, that is, the reflected light will propagate to the side of the display panel opposite to the display side . Therefore, in the display process of an electronic display product with an under-screen camera structure, if the camera function is turned on, it will be generated in the area adjacent to the camera (the area overlapping the camera and/or the area adjacent to the overlapping area) of the display panel.
  • the above-mentioned reflected light will enter the camera, causing a "ghost" phenomenon in the image captured by the camera, that is, the image captured by the camera is doped with part of the image displayed by the display panel itself, making the quality of the image captured by the camera poor.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display panel, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device.
  • the display panel includes a display array layer, a first optical structure layer, and a first light-shielding pattern.
  • the display array layer includes a first sub-display area and a second sub-display area at least partially surrounded by the first sub-display area.
  • the first optical structure layer is located on the display side of the display array layer
  • the first light shielding pattern is located on the side of the first optical structure layer facing the display array layer
  • the first light shielding pattern at least partially surrounds the second optical structure layer.
  • the sub display area exposes at least part of the second sub display area.
  • the first shading pattern will block it to prevent the interference light from exiting from the side of the display panel opposite to the display side in the second sub-display area of the display panel, or reduce the interference light from the second sub-display area of the display panel.
  • the ambient light (including the light of the subject) can enter the image capturing device through the second sub-display area, and the above-mentioned interference light will not enter the image capturing device or the image capturing device Therefore, the quality of the image captured by the image capturing device is improved.
  • “to allow ambient light to pass through” can be selected to be more than 20% as required, and in specific embodiments can be 50%, 70%, 90%, etc., so as to correspondingly allow the image capture device to capture the required image quality ; The following is the same as this, so I won’t repeat it here.
  • the side of the display panel opposite to the display side is the back side of the display panel.
  • a spatial rectangular coordinate system is established based on the display array layer to describe the position of each component in the display panel.
  • the X and Y axes are parallel to the surface where the display array layer is located, and the Z axis It is perpendicular to the surface where the display array layer is located.
  • the display array layer 100 includes a first sub-display area 101 and a second sub-display area 102, and the first sub-display area 101 surrounds the second sub-display area.
  • the first optical structure layer 200 is located on the display side (light emitting side) of the display array layer 100
  • the first light shielding pattern 300 is located on the side of the first optical structure layer 200 facing the display array layer 100
  • the first light shielding pattern 300 may at least partially (as shown in FIG. 1B) surround the second sub-display area 102 and expose at least part of the second sub-display area 102.
  • the surrounding of the present disclosure may be non-closed loop surrounding or closed loop surrounding, so as to reduce the interference light emitted from the side of the display panel opposite to the display side in the second sub-display area of the display panel. .
  • the first light shielding pattern 300 partially surrounds the second sub-display area 102 in a non-closed loop, or may completely surround the second sub-display area 102 in a closed loop and exposes at least part of the second sub-display area 102.
  • the first light shielding pattern 300 exposes all of the second sub-display area 102, that is, the first light shielding pattern 300 is located in the first sub-display area 101.
  • the second sub-display area 102 is configured to transmit ambient light.
  • the solution can be designed according to the specific structure and process requirements of the display panel, and reference may be made to the relevant description in the following embodiments.
  • the interference light (indicated by the arrow " ⁇ " in FIG. 1B) generated by the portion of the display array layer 100 located in the first sub-display area 101 and adjacent to the second sub-display area 102 will be affected by the first light shielding pattern 300 It is blocked and cannot be emitted from the back side of the display panel.
  • the area of the first sub-display area adjacent to the second sub-display area that is, the periphery of the second sub-display area
  • interference can be reduced.
  • the amount of light emitted from the back side of the display panel, the size and shape of the first shading pattern, and the distribution in other areas of the display panel (such as the second sub-display area) can be designed according to actual needs, and is not limited here.
  • the first light-shielding pattern may be located in the first sub-display area (for example, see the embodiments shown in FIG. 1B, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4) to avoid generation of the first sub-display area
  • the interference light enters the second sub-display area, thereby preventing the interference light from being emitted from the back side of the display panel;
  • the first light shielding pattern may be partially located in the first sub-display area and partially located in the second sub-display area.
  • the interference light generated in the first sub-display area and incident into the second sub-display area is prevented from being emitted from the back side of the display panel.
  • the different distribution of the above-mentioned first light-shielding pattern in the first sub-display area and the second sub-display area is related to the positional relationship between the first light-shielding pattern and the display array layer in a direction perpendicular to the surface where the display array layer is located.
  • the first light shielding pattern in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the display array layer, is located between the display array layer and the first optical structure layer.
  • a first light-shielding pattern 300 is provided between the display array layer 100 and the first optical structure layer 200, so that the first light-shielding pattern 300 can absorb the interference light and be reflected by the first optical structure layer 200
  • a part of the interference light can also absorb another part of the interference light emitted from the display array layer and directed to the first optical structure layer 200, that is, the other part of the light does not reach the first optical structure layer 200.
  • the first light shielding pattern 300 is located in the first sub-display area 101.
  • the first light shielding pattern 300 is a closed ring to define the second sub-display area 102 of the display panel as shown in FIG. 1B, that is, the orthographic projection of the ring-shaped opening on the display array layer 100 and the second sub-display area
  • the orthographic projections of 102 on the display array layer 100 coincide.
  • the first shading pattern 300 can block the interference light generated by the first sub-display area 101, and reduce the amount of interference light emitted from the back side of the display panel.
  • the display array layer includes a plurality of sub-pixels spaced apart from each other.
  • the sub-pixels are located in the first sub-display area.
  • both the first sub-display area and the second sub-display area are provided with sub-pixels. In this way, when the image capturing device is provided on the back side of the display panel, the At the same time, the second sub-display area of the display panel can display images.
  • the first light-shielding pattern when the first light-shielding pattern is located between the display array layer and the first optical structure layer, in a direction perpendicular to the surface where the display array layer is located, corresponds to The interval areas of adjacent sub-pixels at least partially overlap.
  • the orthographic projection of the first shading pattern on the surface where the display array layer is located is within the orthographic projection of the interval area of the sub-pixels on the surface where the display array layer is located. In this way, the setting of the first shading pattern will not affect the display of the display panel.
  • the arrangement of the sub-pixels 110 is adjusted.
  • the sub-pixels 110 are not provided in the area where the first light shielding pattern 300 is located. In this way, the design area of the first shading pattern 300 is large, and the shielding effect on the interference light is good.
  • the arrangement of the sub-pixels 110 may not be adjusted, and the portion of the first light shielding pattern 300a that overlaps the sub-pixels 110 is set as the first opening 301a That is, in the area where the first shading pattern 300a is provided, the orthographic projection of the first opening 301a on the surface of the display array layer coincides with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel 110 on the surface of the display array layer.
  • the arrangement of the first light-shielding pattern 300a has no effect on the arrangement of the sub-pixels 110, and the number of sub-pixels in the display panel is large, maintaining a high resolution.
  • the first light-shielding pattern further includes mesh-shaped light-shielding bars, and on the surface of the display array layer, the mesh-shaped light-shielding bars Part of the orthographic projection coincides with the orthographic projection of the interval area of the sub-pixels, and the orthographic projection of the mesh of the shading strip coincides with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixels.
  • the first light shielding pattern 300b includes a ring portion 310 and a mesh portion 320.
  • the annular portion 310 may refer to the related design of the first light shielding pattern in the foregoing embodiment (for example, the embodiment shown in FIG. 1C and FIG. 1E), which will not be repeated here.
  • the mesh portion 320 includes a plurality of light shielding strips 321 that cross each other to form a plurality of mesh holes 322. The orthographic projection of the mesh 322 on the surface of the display array layer 100 coincides with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixels 110 on the surface of the display array layer 100.
  • the design area of the first light-shielding pattern 300 can be further increased; in addition, the first light-shielding pattern 300 can also emit interference light generated by the sub-pixels 110 in the second sub-display area 102 and reflected by the first optical structure layer 200 Blocking is performed to further reduce the amount of interference light emitted from the back side of the display panel.
  • the distance between the inner and outer sides of the ring is not greater than In this way, when the display panel performs display, it is difficult for human eyes to distinguish the existence of the first shading pattern in terms of visual effects, thereby ensuring that the display panel has a good display effect.
  • the diameter of the second sub-display area defined by the ring shape may be 1 to 5 mm, for example, 1 to 3 mm.
  • the diameter of the second sub-display area can be designed according to actual needs, such as the size of the image capturing device, and is not limited to the above range.
  • the first light shielding pattern when the first light shielding pattern is located between the display array layer and the first optical structure layer, the first light shielding pattern is located in the first sub-display area, or the first light shielding pattern
  • the patterns are located in different solutions of the first sub-display area and the second sub-display area, and there is no restriction on how to set the second sub-display area of the display panel so that the ambient light can pass through.
  • each sub-pixel of the display array layer includes a light-emitting device, and the light-emitting device may include an anode, a light-emitting functional layer, and a cathode that are sequentially stacked from the back side of the display panel to the display side.
  • the anodes of the multiple sub-pixels are spaced apart from each other.
  • the display array layer further includes a driving circuit layer to emit light from the light emitting device.
  • the driving circuit layer may include a pixel driving circuit
  • the pixel driving circuit may include multiple transistors, capacitors, and light-emitting devices, for example, formed as 2T1C (that is, 2 transistors (T) and 1 capacitor (C)), 3T1C or 7T1C, etc.
  • 2T1C that is, 2 transistors (T) and 1 capacitor (C)
  • 3T1C or 7T1C etc.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the structure, composition, etc. of the driving circuit layer.
  • the anode can be set as a reflective electrode (single-layer or multi-layer structure), so that the light generated by the light-emitting device is directed toward the display of the display panel.
  • the display array layer may include a reflective layer, and the reflective layer may be located on the side of the light emitting device away from the first optical structure layer, so that the anode does not need to be a reflective electrode.
  • the reflective layer is located
  • the part of the interval area of the pixel (for example, the part that does not overlap the anode of the sub-pixel) is removed, so that ambient light can pass through the gap between the plurality of sub-pixels, and thus pass through the display panel to exit from the back side of the display panel.
  • the arrangement density of the sub-pixels in the second sub-display area may be smaller than the arrangement density of the sub-pixels in the first sub-display area, so that the sub-pixels in the second sub-display area have a larger spacing. Thereby increasing the transmittance of ambient light.
  • a partial area of the sub-pixel may be set to transmit light .
  • the anode of the second sub-display area can be provided with a plurality of openings, the part of the light-emitting function layer corresponding to the openings will not emit light, and the openings can make the environment Light through.
  • the display panel may further include an encapsulation layer located between the display array layer and the first optical structure layer.
  • the encapsulation layer 400 covers the display array layer 100 to prevent external water, oxygen, etc. from intruding into the display array layer 100, thereby protecting the elements (such as light emitting devices, etc.) inside the display array layer 100.
  • the encapsulation layer may be a single-layer structure or a composite structure of at least two layers.
  • the material of the encapsulation layer may include insulating materials such as silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, and polymer resin.
  • the encapsulation layer may include a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer that are sequentially disposed on the light emitting device.
  • the materials of the first inorganic encapsulation layer and the second inorganic encapsulation layer may include inorganic materials, such as silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, etc.
  • the inorganic materials are highly dense and can prevent the intrusion of water, oxygen, etc.; for example,
  • the material of the organic encapsulation layer can be a polymer material containing a desiccant or a polymer material that can block water vapor, such as polymer resin to planarize the surface of the display substrate, and can relieve the first inorganic encapsulation layer and
  • the stress of the second inorganic encapsulation layer may also include water-absorbing materials such as desiccant to absorb substances such as water and oxygen that have penetrated into the interior.
  • the first light shielding pattern 300 may be located between the encapsulation layer 400 and the first optical structure layer 200.
  • the encapsulation layer 400 can prevent harmful substances in the first light shielding pattern 300 (for example, the material of the first light shielding pattern 300 is ink) from intruding into the display array layer 100.
  • the first light shielding pattern is located between the display array layer and the packaging layer.
  • the encapsulation layer can eliminate the step difference caused by the provision of the first light shielding pattern, which is beneficial to the planarization of the display panel, and the design thickness of the first light shielding pattern can be unlimited.
  • the display array layer includes a pixel defining layer, and the pixel defining layer includes a plurality of openings, and the light emitting device is located in the openings.
  • the first light shielding pattern is located on the pixel defining layer, that is, the first light shielding pattern is located between the pixel defining layer and the encapsulation layer.
  • the first light shielding pattern is located between the display array layer and the first optical structure layer, taking the first light shielding pattern located between the encapsulation layer and the first optical structure layer as an example, the following at least one embodiment of the present disclosure The technical solution in the description.
  • the type of the first optical structure layer is not limited, and it may include any film layer located on the light exit side of the display array layer and capable of partially reflecting light.
  • the first optical structure layer includes an optical film.
  • the two sides of the optical film (such as the polarizer) are usually provided with adhesive layers such as pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA), so that when assembling the display panel, there is no need to additionally form an optical film for fixing the optics.
  • PSA pressure sensitive adhesive
  • the optical adhesive layer of the diaphragm for example, Optically Clear Adhesive, OCA for short).
  • the pressure-sensitive adhesive Compared with the optical adhesive layer coated separately in the display panel, the pressure-sensitive adhesive has a smaller thickness and less dosage, which is beneficial to the lightness and thinness of the display panel, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive can be used to eliminate the level difference to achieve a flattening effect. , which helps to improve the flatness of the display panel.
  • the above-mentioned pressure-sensitive adhesive material may include resin-type materials such as polyurethane, polyacrylate, and silicone, or may include rubber-type materials to have high light transmittance.
  • the display panel provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a first optical adhesive layer, and the first optical adhesive layer is located between the encapsulation layer and the optical film.
  • the first optical adhesive layer 510 is located on the display array layer.
  • the first optical adhesive layer may be an adhesive layer of the optical film, such as a pressure-sensitive adhesive.
  • the first light shielding pattern is located between the first optical adhesive layer and the display array layer.
  • the first light shielding pattern 300 is located between the first optical adhesive layer 510 and the encapsulation layer 400.
  • the optical film (first optical structure layer 200) coated with the first optical adhesive layer 510 can be attached to the encapsulation layer. 400 up.
  • the first light shielding pattern 300c is located between the first optical adhesive layer 510c and the optical film (first optical structure layer 200).
  • the first light shielding pattern 300c can be formed on one side of the optical film, and then the first optical adhesive layer 510c is coated to cover the first light shielding pattern 300c, and then the first light shielding pattern 300c is coated.
  • the optical film (first optical structure layer 200) of the optical adhesive layer 510c is attached to the encapsulation layer 400.
  • the thickness of the first optical adhesive layer is not less than the thickness of the first light shielding pattern.
  • the first optical adhesive layer can reduce or eliminate the step caused by the first shading pattern, which is beneficial to improve the flatness of the display panel.
  • the thickness of the first optical adhesive layer is at least four times the thickness of the first light shielding pattern.
  • the first optical adhesive layer (for example, pressure-sensitive adhesive) can eliminate the step caused by the first shading pattern, and improve the flatness of the display panel.
  • the thickness of the first optical adhesive layer is 5-15 microns, such as 7 microns, 19 microns, 11 microns, 13 microns and so on.
  • the thickness of the first light shielding pattern is 1 to 4 microns, such as 1.5 microns, 2 microns, 2.5 microns, 3 microns, 3.5 microns, etc.
  • the first light shielding pattern is located on the side of the display array layer away from the first optical structure layer.
  • the side of the display array layer 100 facing away from the first optical structure layer 200 is provided with a first light-shielding pattern 300d, so that the first light-shielding pattern 300d can absorb and be reflected by the first optical structure layer 200 That is, even if the interference light enters the second sub-display area, it will be absorbed by the first shading pattern 300d.
  • a portion of the first light shielding pattern in the second sub-display area is provided with a plurality of openings.
  • the first light shielding pattern 300d includes a plurality of second openings 302 through which ambient light can pass through the display panel.
  • the design area of the first light-shielding pattern 300d is large; in addition, the first light-shielding pattern 300d can also block the interference light generated by the sub-pixels in the second sub-display area 102 and reflected by the first optical structure layer 200. This further reduces the amount of interference light emitted from the back side of the display panel.
  • the second opening 302 may be set to overlap the interval area of the sub-pixels, or may be set to overlap the sub-pixels.
  • the reflective layer in the display array layer or the portion of the reflective electrode (such as the anode) overlapping the second opening 302 may be provided with via holes to allow ambient light to pass through.
  • the display panel includes a substrate 1.
  • the various structures of the display panel (for example, the display array layer 100, the first optical structure layer 200, the first light shielding pattern 300, etc.) are all located on the substrate 1.
  • the side of the display array layer 100 facing away from the substrate 1 is the display side of the display panel, and the side of the substrate 1 facing away from the display array layer 100 is the back side of the display panel.
  • the first light-shielding pattern 300d may be located on the substrate 1. The side away from the display array layer 100.
  • the substrate 1 may be a glass plate, a quartz plate, a metal plate, or a resin-based plate.
  • the material of the substrate 1 may include an organic material, for example, the organic material may be polyimide, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polyetherimide, polyethersulfone, polyethylene terephthalate, and Resin materials such as polyethylene naphthalate.
  • the optical film includes a quarter wave plate and/or a polarizing plate.
  • the optical film (first optical structure layer 200) includes a quarter wave plate 201 and a polarizer 203.
  • the quarter wave plate 201 and the polarizer 203 will partially reflect the incident light in the process of converting the polarization state of the light, which may easily cause ghosting.
  • the ambient light becomes unidirectional linearly polarized light.
  • the incident ambient light passes through the polarizer 203 and becomes the first linearly polarized light with the first polarization direction, and the first linearly polarized light is converted into the first circularly polarized light (for example, left-handed polarized light) after passing through the quarter wave plate 201.
  • the first circularly polarized light is reflected by, for example, a reflective electrode or a reflective layer, and then becomes the second circularly polarized light (for example, right-handed polarized light), and the second circularly polarized light is converted to have the second polarization direction after passing through the quarter wave plate 201
  • the second linearly polarized light, and the first polarization direction is perpendicular to the second polarization direction, so that the second linearly polarized light cannot pass through the polarizer 203, so that the ambient light will not exit from the display side of the display panel after entering the display panel, eliminating the environment The adverse effect of light on the displayed image.
  • the optical film may further include film layers 201 and 204 for protection and support.
  • the material of the film layers 201 and 204 may be TAC (Triacetyl Cellulose).
  • the material of the polarizer 203 may be polyvinyl alcohol (PVA for short) and other materials that are easily shrinkable by heat, and TAC can play a supporting role to prevent PVA from shrinking and deforming.
  • the display panel may further include a packaging cover 700.
  • a second optical adhesive layer 520 may be provided between the packaging cover 700 and the first optical structure layer 200 to attach the packaging cover 700 to the display panel.
  • the material of the packaging cover 700 can refer to the relevant description of the substrate in the foregoing embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the display panel provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure in addition to the above structure, further includes a black matrix, at least part of the black matrix is located in the first sub-display area and located on the side of the first optical structure layer away from the display array layer .
  • the black matrix 600 is located in the first sub-display area 101.
  • the black matrix 600 can space each sub-pixel to prevent color mixing, so as to improve the contrast of the displayed image.
  • the black matrix 600 is located on the side of the package cover 700 away from the first optical structure layer 200. It should be noted that, in some examples, the black matrix only needs to be located on the light emitting side of the display array layer, and its specific position can be designed according to actual needs.
  • the portion of the first light-shielding pattern located in the second sub-display area may also serve as a spacer between sub-pixels.
  • the effect of preventing color mixing therefore, even if the second sub-display area is not provided with a black matrix, the display image of the display panel will not be adversely affected.
  • the display panel may further include a touch structure in addition to the above structure to have a touch function.
  • a spectroscopic element such as a spectroscopic grating, etc.
  • the display panel may have a three-dimensional display function.
  • the display panel can be any product or component with a display function, such as a TV, a digital camera, a mobile phone, a watch, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, or a navigator.
  • a display function such as a TV, a digital camera, a mobile phone, a watch, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, or a navigator.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device including the display panel in any of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the display device provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes an image capturing device located on the side of the display panel opposite to the display side, and on the surface of the display panel, the second sub-display area of the display panel
  • the orthographic projection and the orthographic projection of the image capturing device at least partially overlap.
  • the orthographic projection of the second sub-display area may partially overlap the orthographic projection of the image capturing device, or the orthographic projection of the second sub-display area may overlap the orthographic projection of the image capturing device, or the image
  • the orthographic projection of the photographing device may be located within the orthographic projection of the second sub-display area.
  • the transmittance of the second sub-display area is, for example, greater than 20%, such as greater than 50%, 70%, 90%, etc., thereby correspondingly allowing the image capturing device to capture the desired image quality.
  • the back side of the display panel 10 (see the related description in the foregoing embodiment of the display panel) is provided with an image capturing device 20, and the image capturing device 20 (for example, The orthographic projection of the lens assembly, etc.) on the display panel 10 coincides with the second sub-display area 102, that is, the image capturing device 20 and the second sub-display area 102 have the same planar shape, for example, the second sub-display area 102 is on the XY plane
  • the orthographic projection of the image capturing device 20 on the XY plane is also circular, and the two orthographic projections overlap.
  • ambient light can enter the image capturing device 20 through the second sub-display area 102, and the interference light generated in the display panel will be blocked by the first shading pattern, that is, The interference light does not enter the image capturing device or the amount of interference light entering the image capturing device is small, thereby improving the image quality of the image capturing device (such as a camera).
  • the diameter of the image capturing device may be 1 to 5 mm, for example, 1 to 3 mm.
  • the diameter of the second sub-display area and the image capturing device are both 2 mm. It should be noted that the size of the image capturing device can be selected as required, and is not limited to the above range.
  • the camera of the image capturing device includes a lens assembly and an image sensor.
  • the lens assembly can have a focusing function along the light path of the light that enters the camera from the outside.
  • the lens assembly of the camera can include a first convex lens and a concave lens arranged in sequence. With the second convex lens, the ambient light enters the image sensor after passing through the lens assembly.
  • the imaging focal length of the lens assembly can be adjusted to realize the shooting of distant or close-range images.
  • the type and combination of each lens in the lens assembly can be set as required, and is not limited to the above selection.
  • the image sensor can convert the image signal captured by the camera into an electrical signal for transmission to other components.
  • the image sensor may be a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) type or a charge coupled device (CCD) type, for example, including an array of imaging sub-pixels arranged in an array.
  • the other component may be a control chip of the display device. For example, after the control chip processes the electrical signal from the image processing component, it can send related instructions to the display panel so that the display panel can display the environment image taken by the camera.
  • control chip 30 may be connected to the display panel 10 and the image capturing device 20 to control the functions of the display panel 10 and the image capturing device 20.
  • the control chip 30 may be arranged on a flexible circuit board, and the flexible circuit board may be fixed on the display panel 10 in a binding manner to realize the signal connection between the control chip 30 and the circuit in the display panel 10.
  • the control chip 30 may be fixed on the back of the display panel 10.
  • control chip may be a central processing unit, a digital signal processor, a single-chip microcomputer, a programmable logic controller, etc.
  • control chip may also include a memory, and may also include a power supply module, etc., and the functions of power supply and signal input and output are realized through separately provided wires and signal lines.
  • control chip may also include hardware circuits and computer executable codes.
  • Hardware circuits can include conventional very large-scale integration (VLSI) circuits or gate arrays, and existing semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors or other discrete components; hardware circuits can also include field programmable gate arrays, programmable array logic, Programmable logic equipment, etc.
  • VLSI very large-scale integration
  • the display device includes a backplane support structure 40, the backplane support structure 40 is located on the back side of the display panel 10, and the image capture device 20 is fixed on the backplane support structure 40 On and between the backplane support structure 40 and the display panel 10.
  • the backplane support structure 40 can support the display panel 10 to protect the display panel.
  • the backplane support structure 40 may be a housing of a display device.
  • the back side of the display panel 10 (refer to the related description in the foregoing embodiments of the display panel) is provided with an image capturing device 20a, and the image capturing device 20a (
  • the orthographic projection of the lens assembly on the display panel 10 is located in the second sub-display area 102.
  • the structure of the display panel 10 can refer to the related description in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1B.
  • the image capturing device 20a can have a larger viewing angle Q to increase the shooting range of the image capturing device 20a.
  • the image capturing device 20 has a similar planar shape to the second sub-display area 102.
  • FIG. 1A when the orthographic projection of the second sub-display area 102 on the XY plane is a circle, the image capturing device 20 The orthographic projection on the XY plane is also a circle, and the two circles can be concentric.
  • the diameter of the image capturing device may be about 1 to 4 mm, and the diameter of the second sub-display area may be about 1 ⁇ 5mm.
  • the difference between the diameter of the second sub-display area and the diameter of the second sub-display area is at least 1 mm, for example, the diameter of the image capturing device is 1 to 2 mm, and the diameter of the second sub display area is 2 to 3 mm.
  • the size of the image capturing device can be selected as required, and is not limited to the above range.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a display panel, including: forming a display array layer including a first sub-display area and a second sub-display area at least partially surrounded by the first sub-display area. Formed to allow ambient light to pass through; forming a first optical structure layer on the display side of the display array layer; forming a first light shielding pattern on the side of the first optical structure layer facing the display array layer, and the first light shielding pattern is formed at least partially Surround the second sub-display area and expose at least part of the second sub-display area.
  • the first shading pattern blocks the interference light generated in the first sub-display area, so as to prevent the interference light from coming from the second sub-display area of the display panel and from the side of the display panel opposite to the display side. Or reduce the amount of interference light emitted from the second sub-display area of the display panel that is opposite to the display side.
  • the structure of the display panel obtained by the above method please refer to the related descriptions in the foregoing embodiments (for example, the embodiments shown in FIG. 1B, FIG. 2A, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 5), which will not be repeated here.
  • the formed display array layer includes a plurality of spaced sub-pixels
  • forming the first light shielding pattern includes: forming a mesh light shielding strip in the second sub-display area , On the surface where the display array layer is located, the orthographic projection of the mesh part of the shading strip coincides with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel spacing area, and the orthographic projection of the mesh of the shading strip coincides with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixels.
  • the area of the first shading pattern is large; in addition, the first shading pattern can also emit interference light generated by the sub-pixels in the second sub-display area and reflected by the first optical structure layer. Blocking is performed to further reduce the amount of interference light emitted from the back side of the display panel.
  • the structure of the display panel obtained by this method can be referred to the related description in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B, which is not repeated here.
  • the manufacturing method of the display panel provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: forming an encapsulation layer on the display side surface of the display array layer, the encapsulation layer being located between the display array layer and the first optical structure layer.
  • the encapsulation layer covers the display array layer to protect the light-emitting devices and other structures therein.
  • the structure of the display panel obtained by this method please refer to the related description in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, which is not repeated here.
  • forming the first light-shielding pattern includes: applying a light-shielding material on the encapsulation layer to form the first light-shielding pattern, and then providing a first optical adhesive layer to remove the first optical The structural layer is attached to the encapsulation layer.
  • forming the first light-shielding pattern includes: applying a light-shielding material on one side of the first optical structure layer to form the first light-shielding pattern, and then providing the first optical glue Layer to bond the first optical structure layer to the encapsulation layer.
  • the encapsulation layer can prevent harmful substances in the first light shielding pattern (for example, the material of the first light shielding pattern is ink) from invading the display array layer.
  • the structure of the display panel obtained by this method please refer to the related description in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, which is not repeated here.
  • the method of applying the light-shielding material includes screen printing.
  • the process of screen printing is simple, and the thickness of the formed first shading pattern is small.
  • the light-shielding material is a light-absorbing material, such as ink.
  • the manufacturing process of the first light-shielding pattern can be selected according to needs, which is not limited here.
  • a light-shielding material film can be deposited on the encapsulation layer, and then a patterning process is performed on the film to form the first light-shielding pattern.
  • the patterning process may include a photolithography patterning process.
  • FIGS. 8A to 8C a manufacturing method of the display panel is described by taking the manufacturing of the display panel as shown in FIG. 3 as an example.
  • a substrate 1 is provided, and a display array layer 100 is formed on the substrate 1.
  • Forming the display array layer 100 may include forming a driving circuit layer (including thin film transistors, etc.) on the substrate 1, and then manufacturing a light emitting device array on the driving circuit layer.
  • the structure of the driving circuit layer and the light-emitting device can be referred to the relevant description in the foregoing embodiment, and the specific manufacturing process can be selected according to the conventional process, which will not be repeated here.
  • an encapsulation layer 400 is formed on the display array layer 100, and the encapsulation layer 400 covers the display array layer 100.
  • an inorganic material may be deposited on the display array layer 100 to form a first inorganic encapsulation layer, then an organic material may be applied to form an organic encapsulation layer, and then an inorganic material may be deposited on the organic encapsulation layer to form a second inorganic encapsulation layer.
  • the formation method of the organic encapsulation layer may be inkjet printing. In this way, the organic encapsulation layer can have a planarizing effect to improve the flatness of the display panel.
  • a light-shielding material is applied on the display array layer 100 by a screen printing process to form the first light-shielding pattern 300.
  • the shape of the first light shielding pattern 300 may be as shown in FIG. 1C.
  • a first optical structure layer 200 (for example, an optical film) coated with a first optical adhesive layer 510 is provided, and then the first optical structure layer 200 is pasted by the first optical adhesive layer 510 Combined on the encapsulation layer 400, the first optical structure layer 200 covers the first shading pattern 300.

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Abstract

一种显示面板及其制备方法、显示装置。显示面板包括显示阵列层(100)、第一光学结构层(200)和第一遮光图案(300)，显示阵列层(100)包括第一子显示区(101)和由第一子显示区(101)至少部分围绕的第二子显示区(102)，第二子显示区(102)设置为使得环境光透过，第一光学结构层(200)位于显示阵列层(100)的显示侧，第一遮光图案(300)位于第一光学结构层(200)的面向显示阵列层(100)的一侧，且第一遮光图案(300)至少部分围绕第二子显示区(102)并暴露至少部分第二子显示区(102)。

Description

显示面板及其制备方法、显示装置 技术领域
本公开至少一个实施例涉及一种显示面板及其制备方法、显示装置。
背景技术
随着社会的发展和进步，电子显示产品的应用越来越广泛，用户对电子显示产品的显示效果的要求也越来越高。当前的电子显示产品中通常会设置摄像头，并且为了追求窄边框以获得更好的显示效果，可以将摄像头在显示屏之下，得到屏下摄像头结构。但是，屏下摄像头结构在工作过程中，显示屏产生的光线在显示屏内部反射后会射入摄像头，干扰摄像头的功能。
发明内容
本公开至少一个实施例提供一种显示面板，该显示面板包括显示阵列层、第一光学结构层和第一遮光图案，显示阵列层包括第一子显示区和由所述第一子显示区至少部分围绕的第二子显示区，所述第二子显示区设置为使得环境光透过，第一光学结构层位于所述显示阵列层的显示侧，第一遮光图案位于所述第一光学结构层的面向所述显示阵列层的一侧，且所述第一遮光图案至少部分围绕所述第二子显示区并暴露至少部分所述第二子显示区。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，在垂直于所述显示阵列层所在面的方向上，所述第一遮光图案位于所述显示阵列层和所述第一光学结构层之间。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，所述显示阵列层包括多个彼此间隔的子像素，以及在垂直于所述显示阵列层所在面的方向上，所述第一遮光图案与相邻所述子像素的间隔区域至少部分重叠。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，在所述第二子显示区中，所述第一遮光图案还包括成网状的遮光条，以及在所述显示阵列层所在面上，所述遮光条的网状部分的正投影与所述子像素的间隔区域的正投影重合，所述遮光条的网孔的正投影与所述子像素的正投影重合。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，所述第一光学结构层包括光学膜片。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，所述光学膜片包括四分之一波片和/或偏振片。
例如，本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板还包括封装层，所述封装层位于所述显示阵列层和所述第一光学结构层之间，所述第一遮光图案位于所述封装层和所述第一光学结构层之间，或者所述第一遮光图案位于所述显示阵列层和所述封装层之间。
例如，本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板还包括第一光学胶层，所述第一光学胶层位于所述封装层和所述光学膜片之间，所述第一遮光图案位于所述第一光学胶层和所述封装层之间，或者位于所述第一光学胶层和所述光学膜片之间。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，所述第一光学胶层的厚度不小于所述第一遮光图案的厚度。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，所述第一光学胶层的厚度至少四倍于所述第一遮光图案的厚度。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，在垂直于所述显示阵列层所在面的方向上，所述第一遮光图案位于所述显示阵列层的背离所述第一光学结构层的一侧。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，所述第一遮光图案的位于所述第二子显示区的部分设置有多个开口。
例如，本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板还包括黑矩阵，所述黑矩阵的至少部分位于所述第一子显示区且位于所述第一光学结构层的背离所述显示阵列层的一侧。
本公开至少一个实施例提供一种显示装置，包括上述任一实施例中的显示面板。
例如，本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示装置还包括图像拍摄器件，所述图像拍摄器件位于显示面板的与显示侧相反的一侧，以及在所述显示面板所在面上，所述显示面板的第二子显示区的正投影与所述图像拍摄器件的正投影至少部分重叠。
本公开至少一个实施例提供一种显示面板的制备方法，包括：形成包括第一子显示区和由第一子显示区至少部分围绕的第二子显示区的显示阵列层，所述第二子显示区形成为使得环境光透过；在所述显示阵列层的显示侧形成第一光学结构层；在所述第一光学结构层的面向所述显示阵列层的一侧形成第一遮光图案，所述第一遮光图案形成为至少部分围绕所述第二子显示区并暴露至少部分所述第二子显示区。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板的制备方法中，形成的显示阵列层包括多个间隔的子像素，形成所述第一遮光图案包括：在第二子显示区中形成网状遮光条；其中，在所述显示阵列层所在面上，所述遮光条的网状部分的正投影与所述子像素的间隔区域的正投影重合，所述遮光条的网孔的正投影与所述子像素的正投影重合。
例如，本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板的制备方法还包括：在所述显示阵列层的显示侧表面形成封装层；其中，所述封装层位于所述显示阵列层和所述第一光学结构层之间。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板的制备方法中，形成所述第一遮光图案包括：在所述封装层上施加遮光材料以形成第一遮光图案，然后提供第一光学胶层以将所述第一光学结构层贴合在所述封装层上；或者在所述第一光学结构层的一侧施加遮光材料以形成第一遮光图案，然后提供第一光学胶层以将所述第一光学结构层贴合在所述封装层上。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板的制备方法中，施加所述遮光材料的方法包括丝网印刷。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施例，而非对本发明的限制。
图1A为本公开一些实施例提供的一种显示面板的平面图；
图1B为图1A所示显示面板沿A-B的截面图；
图1C为图1B所示显示面板中的一种第一遮光图案与子像素的排布关系示意图；
图1D为图1B所示显示面板中的另一种第一遮光图案与子像素的排布关系示意图；
图1E为图1D所示的第一遮光图案的平面图；
图2A为本公开一些实施例提供的另一种显示面板的截面图；
图2B为图2A所示显示面板中第一遮光图案的平面图；
图3为本公开一些实施例提供的另一种显示面板的截面图；
图4为本公开一些实施例提供的另一种显示面板的截面图；
图5A为本公开一些实施例提供的另一种显示面板的截面图；
图5B为图5A所示显示面板中第一遮光图案的平面图；
图6为本公开一些实施例提供的另一种显示面板的截面图；
图7A为本公开一些实施例提供的一种显示装置的截面图；
图7B为本公开一些实施例提供的另一种显示装置的截面图；以及
图8A～图8C为本公开一些实施例提供的一种显示面板的制备方法的过程图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
例如，在一些具有摄像功能的电子显示产品中，摄像头可以设置在显示面板之下，例如可以设置为与显示面板(例如OLED)的显示区域重叠，即，得到屏下摄像头结构，如此，可有助于实现显示面板的窄边框进而实现全屏显示。
显示面板的显示侧通常会设置用于封装、提高显示效果等的多层结构，由于该多层结构中各个部件(层)之间的折射率差异而导致的多个界面等，显示面板中产生的光线不能完全透过该多层结构，并且该光线的一部分会在多层结构的部件之间的界面处反射，即，该反射的光线会向显示面板的与显示侧相背的一侧传播。因此，在具有屏下摄像头结构的电子显示产品的显示过程中，如果开启摄像功能，在显示面板的与摄像头临近的区域(与摄像头重叠的区域和/或与该重叠区域临近的区域)产生的上述反射光线，会射入摄像头，导致摄像头拍摄的图像产生“鬼影”现象，即，摄像头获取的图像中掺杂有显示面板本身显示的图像的一部分，使得摄像头获取的图像质量不良。
本公开至少一个实施例提供一种显示面板及其制备方法、显示装置。该显示面板包括显示阵列层、第一光学结构层和第一遮光图案，显示阵列层包括第一子显示区和由第一子显示区至少部分围绕的第二子显示区，第二子显示区设置为使得环境光透过，第一光学结构层位于显示阵列层的显示侧，第一遮光图案位于第一光学结构层的面向显示阵列层的一侧，且第一遮光图案至少部分围绕第二子显示区并暴露至少部分第二子显示区。
在该显示面板中，对于在第一子显示区的临近第二子显示区的区域中产生，且被第一光学结构层反射后会射向第二子显示区的部分光线(干扰光线)，第一遮光图案会对其进行遮挡，以免该干扰光线在显示面板的第二子显示区中从显示面板的与显示侧相背的一侧出射，或者降低该干扰光线在显示面板的第二子显示区从与显示侧相背的一侧出射的量。在安装有图像拍摄器件的情况下，外界环境光(包括被拍摄对象的光)可以通过第二子显示区进入图像拍摄器件，而上述干扰光线不会射入图像拍摄器件或者射入图像拍摄器件的量较少，从而图像拍摄器件拍摄的图像质量得到提高。
在本公开中“使得环境光透过”根据需要可以选择为20％以上，具体实施例中可以是50％，70％，90％等，从而对应地允许图像拍摄器件拍摄得到所需的图像质量；下文与此相同，这里不再赘述。
下面，结合附图对根据本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板及其制备方法、显示装置进行说明。
在该至少一个实施例中，显示面板的与显示侧相背的一侧为显示面板的背侧。此外，以显示阵列层为基准建立空间直角坐标系，以对显示面板中的各个部件的位置进行说明，在该空间直角坐标系中，X轴、Y轴平行于显示阵列层所在面，Z轴垂直于显示阵列层所在面。
在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，如图1A和图1B所示，显示阵列层100包括第一子显示区101和第二子显示区102，第一子显示区101围绕第二子显示区102，第一光学结构层200位于显示阵列层100的显示侧(出光侧)，第一遮光图案300位于第一光学结构层200的面向显示阵列层100的一侧，第一遮光图案300可以至少部分地(如图1B中示出的部分)围绕第二子显示区102并暴露至少部分第二子显示区102。
需要说明的是，本公开的围绕可以为非闭环围绕，也可以是闭环围绕，以减少干扰光线在显示面板的第二子显示区中从显示面板的与显示侧相背的一侧出射即可。
在一些示例中，第一遮光图案300非闭环地部分围绕第二子显示区102，或者可以闭环地完全围绕第二子显示区102并暴露至少部分第二子显示区102。
例如，图1B中，第一遮光图案300暴露第二子显示区102的全部，即，第一遮光图案300位于第一子显示区101。例如，第二子显示区102设置为使得环境光透过，该方案可以根据显示面板的具体结构和工艺需求进行设计，可以参见下述实施例中的相关说明。
根据上述设计，显示阵列层100的位于第一子显示区101且与第二子显示区102相邻的部分产生的干扰光线(图1B中以箭头“↑”表示)会被第一遮光图案300遮挡，而不能从显示面板的背侧出射。
需要说明的是，在本公开至少一个实施例中，只要第一子显示区的临近第二子显示区的区域(即第二子显示区的周边)设置有第一遮光图案，就可以降低干扰光线从显示面板背侧出射的量，第一遮光图案的大小、形状以及在显示面板的其它区域(例如第二子显示区)中的分布可以根据实际需要进行设计，在此不做限制。
例如，在本公开一些实施例中，第一遮光图案可以位于第一子显示区中(例如，参见如图1B、图3和图4所示的实施例)，以避免第一子显示区产生的干扰光线进入第二子显示区，进而防止该干扰光线从显示面板的背侧射出；例如，在本公开另一些实施例中，第一遮光图案可以部分位于第一子显示区和部分位于第二子显示区中(例如，参见如图2A和图5A所示的实施例)，以避免第一子显示区产生且射入第二子显示区的干扰光从显示面板的背侧射出。
上述第一遮光图案在第一子显示区和第二子显示区的不同分布，与第一遮光图案和显示阵列层在垂直于显示阵列层所在面的方向上的位置关系相关。下面，在垂直于显示阵列层所在面的方向上，结合第一遮光图案和显示阵列层的不同位置关系，对第一遮光图案的几种设计结构进行说明。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，在垂直于显示阵列层所在面的方向上，第一遮光图案位于显示阵列层和第一光学结构层之间。示例性的，如图1B所示，显示阵列层100和第一光学结构层200之间设置第一遮光图案300，如此，第一遮光图案300可以吸收干扰光线中被第一光学结构层200反射的一部分，还可以吸收干扰光线中由显示阵列层发出且射向第一光学结构层200的另一部分，即，该另一部分光线未到达第一光学结构层200。
例如，在本公开一些实施例提供的显示面板中，如图1C所示，第一遮光图案300位于第一子显示区101中。例如，第一遮光图案300为闭合环形以限定出显示面板的如图1B所示的第二子显示区102，即，该环形的开口在显示阵列层100上的正投影与第二子显示区102在显示阵列层100上的正投影重合。如此，在环绕第二子显示区102的任一方向上，第一遮光图案300可以对第一子显示区101产生的干扰光线进行遮挡，降低干扰光线从显示面板的背侧出射的量。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，显示阵列层包括多个彼此间隔的子像素。例如，在本公开一些实施例中，子像素位于第一子显示区。例如，在本公开另一些实施例中，第一子显示区和第二子显示区都设置有子像素，如此，在显示面板的背侧设置有图像拍摄器件的情况下，在执行摄像功能的同时，显示面板的第二子显示区可以显示图像。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例中，在第一遮光图案位于显示阵列层和第一光学结构层之间的情况下，在垂直于显示阵列层所在面的方向上，第一遮光图案与相邻子像素的间隔区域至少部分重叠。例如，第一遮光图案在显示阵列层所在面上的正投影位于子像素的间隔区域在显示阵列层所在面上的正投影之内，如此，第一遮光图案的设置不会影响显示面板的显示功能。
例如，在本公开一些实施例中，如图1C所示，调整子像素110的排布，在第一子显示区中，在第一遮光图案300所在的区域不设置子像素110。如此，第一遮光图案300的设计面积大，对干扰光线的遮挡效果好。
例如，在本公开另一些实施例中，如图1D和图1E所示，子像素110的排布可以不做调整，第一遮光图案300a的与子像素110重叠的部分设置为第一开口301a，即，在设置有第一遮光图案300a的区域，第一开口301a在显示阵列层所在面上的正投影与子像素110在显示阵列层所在面上的正投影重合。如此，第一遮光图案300a的设置对子像素110的排布没有影响，显示面板的子像素的数量多，保持较高的分辨率。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，在第二子显示区中，第一遮光图案还包括成网状的遮光条，以及在显示阵列层所在面上，遮光条的网状部分的正投影与子像素的间隔区域的正投影重合，遮光条的网孔的正投影与子像素的正投影重合。
示例性的，如图2A和图2B所示，第一遮光图案300b包括环形部分310和网状部分320。环形部分310可以参见前述实施例(例如，图1C和图1E所示的实施例)中的第一遮光图案的相关设计，在此不做赘述。网状部分320包括多个遮光条321，遮光条321彼此交叉以形成多个网孔322。网孔322在显示阵列层100所在面上的正投影与子像素110在显示阵列层100所在面上的正投影重合。如此，第一遮光图案300的设计面积可以进一步增加；此外，第一遮光图案300还可以对第二子显示区102中的子像素110发出且被第一光学结构层200反射而产生的干扰光线进行遮挡，从而进一步降低从显示面板的背侧出射的干扰光线的量。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例中，在第一遮光图案为环形(如图1C所示)或者包括环形部分(如图2B所示)的情况下，该环形的内侧和外侧的间距不大于1毫米，如此，在显示面板进行显示时，在视觉效果上，人眼 难以分辨出第一遮光图案的存在，从而保证显示面板具有良好的显示效果。例如，由环形限定的第二子显示区的直径可以为1～5毫米，例如为1～3毫米。第二子显示区的直径可以根据实际需要例如图像拍摄器件的尺寸进行设计，不限于上述范围。
在本公开至少一个实施例中，在第一遮光图案位于显示阵列层和所述第一光学结构层之间的情况下，对于上述的第一遮光图案位于第一子显示区，或者第一遮光图案位于第一子显示区和第二子显示区的不同方案中，对如何将显示面板的第二子显示区设置为使得环境光透过不做限制。
示例性的，显示阵列层的每个子像素包括发光器件，该发光器件可以包括沿显示面板的背侧至显示侧依次叠置的阳极、发光功能层和阴极，例如，多个子像素的阳极彼此间隔且阵列排布。例如，显示阵列层还包括驱动电路层以发光器件发光。例如驱动电路层可以包括像素驱动电路，像素驱动电路包括多个晶体管、电容以及发光器件等，例如形成为2T1C(即2个晶体管(T)和1个电容(C))、3T1C或者7T1C等多种形式。本公开的实施例对驱动电路层的结构、组成等不作限制。
例如，在第一遮光图案位于如图1B所示的第一子显示区的情况下，阳极可以设置为反射电极(单层或多层结构)，以使得发光器件产生的光线向显示面板的显示侧出射，如此，在第二子显示区中，环境光可以透过多个子像素之间的间隙(即，多个阳极之间的间隙)，从而透过显示面板以从显示面板的背侧出射；或者，显示阵列层可以包括反射层，反射层可以位于发光器件的背离第一光学结构层的一侧，从而阳极不需要设置为反射电极，在第二子显示区中，反射层的位于子像素的间隔区域的部分(例如，未与子像素的阳极重叠的部分)被去除，从而环境光可以透过多个子像素之间的间隙，从而透过显示面板以从显示面板的背侧出射。例如，第二子显示区中的子像素的排布密度可以小于第一子显示区中的子像素的排布密度，以使得第二子显示区中的子像素之间具有较大的间距，从而增加环境光的透过率。
例如，在第一遮光图案位于如图2A所示的位于第一子显示区和第二子显示区的情况下，在第二子显示区中，子像素的部分区域可以设置为使得光透过。例如，在阳极可以设置为反射电极的情况下，第二子显示区的阳极可以设置有多个开孔，发光功能层的与该开孔对应的部分不会发光，而该开孔 可以使得环境光透过。
例如，本公开至少一个实施例提供，显示面板还可以包括位于显示阵列层和第一光学结构层之间的封装层。示例性的，如图3所示，封装层400覆盖显示阵列层100，防止外界水、氧等侵入显示阵列层100内部，从而对显示阵列层100内部的元件(例如发光器件等)进行保护。
例如，封装层可以为单层结构，也可以为至少两层的复合结构。例如，封装层的材料可以包括氮化硅、氧化硅、氮氧化硅、高分子树脂等绝缘材料。例如，封装层可以包括依次设置在发光器件上的第一无机封装层、有机封装层和第二无机封装层。例如，第一无机封装层和第二无机封装层的材料可以包括无机材料，例如氮化硅、氧化硅、氮氧化硅等，无机材料的致密性高，可以防止水、氧等的侵入；例如，有机封装层的材料可以为含有干燥剂的高分子材料或可阻挡水汽的高分子材料等，例如高分子树脂等以对显示基板的表面进行平坦化处理，并且可以缓解第一无机封装层和第二无机封装层的应力，还可以包括干燥剂等吸水性材料以吸收侵入内部的水、氧等物质。
例如，在本公开一些实施例提供的显示面板中，如图3所示，第一遮光图案300可以位于封装层400和第一光学结构层200之间。如此，封装层400可以防止第一遮光图案300中的有害物质(例如，第一遮光图案300的材料为油墨)侵入显示阵列层100中。
例如，在本公开另一些实施例提供的显示面板中，第一遮光图案位于显示阵列层和封装层之间。如此，封装层可以消除因设置第一遮光图案造成的段差，有利于显示面板的平坦化，而且第一遮光图案的设计厚度可以不受限制。例如，显示阵列层包括像素界定层，像素界定层包括多个开口，发光器件位于该开口中。例如，第一遮光图案位于该像素界定层之上，即，第一遮光图案位于该像素界定层和封装层之间。
下面，在第一遮光图案位于显示阵列层和第一光学结构层之间的情况下，以第一遮光图案位于封装层和第一光学结构层之间为例，对本公开下述至少一个实施例中的技术方案进行说明。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，对第一光学结构层的类型不做限制，其可以包括位于显示阵列层的出光侧且可以使得光部分反射的任意膜层。例如，第一光学结构层包括光学膜片。需要说明的是，光学 膜片(例如偏光片)的两侧通常设置有胶层例如压敏胶(pressure sensitive adhesive，简称PSA)，从而在组装显示面板时，不需要再额外形成用于固定光学膜片的光学胶层(例如Optically Clear Adhesive，简称OCA)。与在显示面板中单独涂覆的光学胶层相比，压敏胶的厚度更小、用量少，有利于显示面板的轻薄化，而且压敏胶可以用于消除段差以起到平坦化作用，有利于提高显示面板的平面度。例如，上述的压敏胶的材料可以包括聚氨酯、聚丙烯酸酯、有机硅等树脂型材料，或者可以包括橡胶型材料，以具有高的光透过率。
例如，本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板还包括第一光学胶层，第一光学胶层位于封装层和光学膜片之间。示例性的，如图3所示，第一光学胶层510位于显示阵列层。例如，在第一光学结构层包括光学膜片的情况下，第一光学胶层可以为光学膜片自带的胶层例如压敏胶。
例如，在本公开一些实施例提供的显示面板中，第一遮光图案位于第一光学胶层和显示阵列层之间。示例性的，如图3所示，第一遮光图案300位于第一光学胶层510和封装层400之间。如此，在制造显示面板时，可以在封装层400上形成第一遮光图案300之后，再将涂覆有第一光学胶层510的光学膜片(第一光学结构层200)贴合在封装层400上。
例如，在本公开另一些实施例提供的显示面板中，如图4所示，第一遮光图案300c位于第一光学胶层510c和光学膜片(第一光学结构层200)之间。如此，在制造显示面板时，可以在光学膜片的一侧形成第一遮光图案300c，然后再涂覆第一光学胶层510c以覆盖该第一遮光图案300c，然后再将涂覆有第一光学胶层510c的光学膜片(第一光学结构层200)贴合在封装层400上。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，第一光学胶层的厚度不小于第一遮光图案的厚度。如此，第一光学胶层可以降低或者消除第一遮光图案造成的段差，有利于提高显示面板的平坦化。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，第一光学胶层的厚度至少四倍于第一遮光图案的厚度。如此，第一光学胶层(例如压敏胶)可以消除第一遮光图案造成的段差，提高显示面板的平坦化程度。
例如，第一光学胶层的厚度为5～15微米，例如7微米、19微米、11微 米、13微米等。例如，第一遮光图案的厚度为1～4微米，例如1.5微米、2微米、2.5微米、3微米、3.5微米等。
例如，在本公开另一些实施例提供的显示面板中，在垂直于显示阵列层所在面的方向上，第一遮光图案位于显示阵列层的背离第一光学结构层的一侧。示例性的，如图5A所示，显示阵列层100的背离第一光学结构层200的一侧设置有第一遮光图案300d，如此，第一遮光图案300d可以吸收被第一光学结构层200反射的干扰光线，即，该干扰光线即便射入第二子显示区也会被第一遮光图案300d吸收。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，第一遮光图案的于第二子显示区的部分设置有多个开口。示例性的，如图5A和图5B所示，第一遮光图案300d包括多个第二开口302，环境光可以通过该第二开口302透过显示面板。如此，第一遮光图案300d的设计面积大；此外，第一遮光图案300d还可以对第二子显示区102中的子像素发出且被第一光学结构层200反射而产生的干扰光线进行遮挡，从而进一步降低从显示面板的背侧出射的干扰光线的量。例如，在第二子显示区102中，第二开口302可以设置为与子像素的间隔区域重叠，也可以设置为与子像素重叠。例如，在第二开口302与子像素重叠的情况下，显示阵列层中的反射层或者反射电极(例如阳极)的与第二开口302重叠的部分可以设置过孔，以使得环境光透过。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例中，如图3、图4、图5A所示，显示面板包括基底1。显示面板的各个结构(例如显示阵列层100、第一光学结构层200、第一遮光图案300等)都位于基底1上。显示阵列层100的背离基底1的一侧为显示面板的显示侧，基底1的背离显示阵列层100的一侧为显示面板的背侧。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例中，在第一遮光图案位于显示阵列层的背离第一光学结构层的一侧的情况下，如图5A所示，第一遮光图案300d可以位于基底1的背离显示阵列层100的一侧。
例如，基底1可以为玻璃板、石英板、金属板或树脂类板件等。例如，基底1的材料可以包括有机材料，例如该有机材料可以为聚酰亚胺、聚碳酸酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚醚酰亚胺、聚醚砜、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯等树脂类材料。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板中，光学膜片包括四分之一波片和/或偏振片等。示例性的，如图6所示，光学膜片(第一光学结构层200)包括四分之一波片201和偏振片203。在实际应用中，四分之一波片201和偏振片203在对光的偏振状态进行转换的过程中，会对入射光进行部分反射，从而容易造成鬼影现象。例如，环境光透过偏振片203后为单向的线偏振光。假设入射的环境光经过偏振片203后为具有第一偏振方向的第一线偏振光，第一线偏振光经过四分之一波片201后转换为第一圆偏振光(例如左旋偏振光)，第一圆偏振光被例如反射电极或者反射层反射后为第二圆偏振光(例如右旋偏振光)，第二圆偏振光经过四分之一波片201后转换为具有第二偏振方向的第二线偏振光，且第一偏振方向和第二偏振方向垂直，如此，第二线偏振光不能透过偏振片203，从而环境光进入显示面板后不会从显示面板的显示侧出射，消除环境光对显示图像的不良影响。
例如，光学膜片还可以包括用于起到防护和支撑作用的膜层201、204，例如，膜层201、204的材料可以为TAC(三醋酸纤维素)。例如，偏振片203的材料可以为聚乙烯醇(polyvinyl alcohol，简称PVA)等容易受热收缩的材料，TAC可以起到支撑作用，防止PVA收缩变形。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例中，如图6所示，显示面板还可以包括封装盖板700。例如，封装盖板700和第一光学结构层200之间可以设置第二光学胶层520，以将封装盖板700贴合在显示面板中。例如，封装盖板700的材料可以参考前述实施例中对基底的相关说明，在此不做赘述。
例如，本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板，除了上述结构之外，还包括黑矩阵，黑矩阵的至少部分位于第一子显示区且位于第一光学结构层的背离显示阵列层的一侧。示例性的，如图6所示，黑矩阵600位于第一子显示区101。黑矩阵600可以将各个子像素间隔，防止混色，以提高显示图像的对比度。例如，黑矩阵600位于封装盖板700的背离第一光学结构层200的一侧。需要说明的是，在一些示例中，黑矩阵只要位于显示阵列层的出光侧即可，其具体位置可以根据实际需要进行设计。
需要说明的是，在本公开至少一个实施例中，在第一遮光图案为如图2B所示的情况下，第一遮光图案的位于第二子显示区的部分也可以起到间隔子像素以防止混色的效果，因此，即便第二子显示区不设置黑矩阵，显示面板 的显示图像的效果也不会受到不良影响。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例中，显示面板除了上述结构之外还可以包括触控结构，以具有触控功能。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例中，显示面板的显示侧可以设置分光元件(例如分光光栅等)，使得显示面板可以具有三维显示功能。
例如，该显示面板可以为电视、数码相机、手机、手表、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或者部件。
需要说明的是，为表示清楚，并没有叙述上述的显示基板以及包括该显示基板的显示面板的全部结构。为实现显示基板以及显示面板的必要功能，本领域技术人员可以根据具体应用场景进行设置其他结构，本公开的实施例对此不作限制。
本公开至少一个实施例提供一种显示装置，包括上述任一实施例中的显示面板。
例如，本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示装置还包括图像拍摄器件，图像拍摄器件位于显示面板的与显示侧相反的一侧，以及在显示面板所在面上，显示面板的第二子显示区的正投影与图像拍摄器件的正投影至少部分重叠。例如，在本公开的实施例中，第二子显示区的正投影可以与图像拍摄器件的正投影部分重叠，或者第二子显示区的正投影可以与图像拍摄器件的正投影重合，或者图像拍摄器件的正投影可以位于第二子显示区的正投影之内。相应地，在该显示装置中，第二子显示区的透过率例如大于20％，例如大于50％，70％，90％等，从而对应地允许图像拍摄器件拍摄得到所需的图像质量。
例如，在本公开一些实施例中，如图7A所示，显示面板10的背侧(参见前述关于显示面板的实施例中的相关说明)设置图像拍摄器件20，图像拍摄器件20(例如其中的透镜组件等)在显示面板10上的正投影与第二子显示区102重合，即，图像拍摄器件20与第二子显示区102的平面形状相同，例如在第二子显示区102在X-Y平面上的正投影为圆形的情况下，图像拍摄器件20在X-Y平面上的正投影也为圆形，且该两个正投影重合。结合前述实施例中对显示面板10的结构的相关说明，外界环境光可以通过第二子显示区102进入图像拍摄器件20，而显示面板中产生的干扰光线会被第一遮光图案遮挡，即，该干扰光线不会射入图像拍摄器件或者射入图像拍摄器件的干 扰光线的量较少，从而提高图像拍摄器件(例如摄像头)的图像质量。
例如，在第二子显示区和图像拍摄器件的位置关系为图7A所示的情况下，图像拍摄器件的直径可以为1～5毫米，例如为1～3毫米。例如，第二子显示区和图像拍摄器件的直径都为2毫米。需要说明的是，图像拍摄器件尺寸可以根据需要进行选择，不限于上述范围。
例如，图像拍摄器件的摄像头包括用于透镜组件和图像传感器，透镜组件可以具调焦功能，沿着由外界射入摄像头的光线的光路，摄像头的透镜组件可以包括顺序设置的第一凸透镜、凹透镜和第二凸透镜，环境光透过透镜组件之后射入图像传感器，通过对各个透镜的间距和/或焦距，可以调节透镜组件的成像焦距，从而实现对远景或近景图像的拍摄。需要说明的是，透镜组件中的各个透镜的类型及组合可以根据需要进行设置，不限于上述的选择。
例如，图像传感器可以将摄像头拍摄的图像信号转换为电信号，以传输至其它部件。例如，该图像传感器可以为互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)型或电荷耦合器件(CCD)型，例如包括排列为阵列的成像子像素阵列。例如，该其它部件可以为显示装置的控制芯片，例如，控制芯片将来自图像处理部件的电信号处理后，可以向显示面板发送相关指令，以使得显示面板可以显示摄像头拍摄的环境图像。
示例性的，如图7A所示，控制芯片30可以与显示面板和10和图像拍摄器件20连接，以对显示面板和10和图像拍摄器件20的功能进行控制。例如，控制芯片30可以设置在柔性电路板上，该柔性电路板可以通过绑定方式固定在显示面板10上，以实现控制芯片30和显示面板10中的电路的信号连接。例如，控制芯片30可以固定于显示面板10的背面。
例如，控制芯片可以为中央处理器、数字信号处理器、单片机、可编程逻辑控制器等。例如，控制芯片还可以包括存储器，还可以包括电源模块等，且通过另外设置的导线、信号线等实现供电以及信号输入输出功能。例如，控制芯片还可以包括硬件电路以及计算机可执行代码等。硬件电路可以包括常规的超大规模集成(VLSI)电路或者门阵列以及诸如逻辑芯片、晶体管之类的现有半导体或者其它分立的元件；硬件电路还可以包括现场可编程门阵列、可编程阵列逻辑、可编程逻辑设备等。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例中，如图7A所示，显示装置包括背板 支撑结构40，背板支撑结构40位于显示面板10的背侧，图像拍摄器件20固定在背板支撑结构40上并位于背板支撑结构40和显示面板10之间。背板支撑结构40可以支撑显示面板10以对显示面板进行保护。例如，该背板支撑结构40可以为显示装置的外壳。
例如，在本公开一些实施例中，如图1A和图7B所示，显示面板10的背侧(参见前述关于显示面板的实施例中的相关说明)设置图像拍摄器件20a，图像拍摄器件20a(例如其中的透镜组件等)在显示面板10上的正投影位于第二子显示区102之内。该显示面板10的结构可以参见图1B所示实施例中的相关说明，如此，图像拍摄器件20a可以有较大的视角Q，以提高图像拍摄器件20a的拍摄范围。例如，图像拍摄器件20与第二子显示区102的平面形状相似，例如如图1A所示，在第二子显示区102在X-Y平面上的正投影为圆形的情况下，图像拍摄器件20在X-Y平面上的正投影也为圆形，且该两个圆形可以同心。
例如，在第二子显示区和图像拍摄器件的位置关系为图1A和图7B所示的情况下，图像拍摄器件的直径可以为约1～4毫米，第二子显示区的直径可以为约1～5毫米。例如，第二子显示区的直径与第二子显示区的直径之差至少为1毫米，例如图像拍摄器件的直径为1～2毫米，第二子显示区的直径为2～3毫米。需要说明的是，图像拍摄器件尺寸可以根据需要进行选择，不限于上述范围。
本公开至少一个实施例提供一种显示面板的制备方法，包括：形成包括第一子显示区和由第一子显示区至少部分围绕的第二子显示区的显示阵列层，第二子显示区形成为使得环境光透过；在显示阵列层的显示侧形成第一光学结构层；在第一光学结构层的面向显示阵列层的一侧形成第一遮光图案，第一遮光图案形成为至少部分围绕第二子显示区并暴露至少部分第二子显示区。在利用该方法获得的显示面板中，第一遮光图案会对第一子显示区产生的干扰光线进行遮挡，以免该干扰光线从显示面板的第二子显示区且从显示面板的与显示侧相背的一侧出射，或者降低该干扰光线从显示面板的第二子显示区且与显示侧相背的一侧出射的量。利用上述方法获得的显示面板的结构可以参见前述实施例(例如图1B、图2A、图3、图4、图5所示的实施例)中的相关说明，在此不做赘述。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板的制备方法中，形成的显示阵列层包括多个间隔的子像素，形成第一遮光图案包括：在第二子显示区中形成网状遮光条，在显示阵列层所在面上，遮光条的网状部分的正投影与子像素的间隔区域的正投影重合，遮光条的网孔的正投影与子像素的正投影重合。在利用该方法获得的显示面板中，第一遮光图案的面积大；此外，第一遮光图案还可以对第二子显示区中的子像素发出且被第一光学结构层反射而产生的干扰光线进行遮挡，从而进一步降低从显示面板的背侧出射的干扰光线的量。利用该方法获得的显示面板的结构可以参见如图2A和图2B所示的实施例中的相关说明，在此不做赘述。
例如，本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板的制备方法还包括：在显示阵列层的显示侧表面形成封装层，封装层位于显示阵列层和第一光学结构层之间。在利用该方法获得的显示面板中，封装层覆盖显示阵列层从而对其中的发光器件等结构进行保护。利用该方法获得的显示面板的结构可以参见图3和图4所示的实施例中的相关说明，在此不做赘述。
例如，在本公开一些实施例提供的显示面板的制备方法中，形成第一遮光图案包括：在封装层上施加遮光材料以形成第一遮光图案，然后提供第一光学胶层以将第一光学结构层贴合在封装层上。
例如，在本公开另一些实施例提供的显示面板的制备方法中，形成第一遮光图案包括：在第一光学结构层的一侧施加遮光材料以形成第一遮光图案，然后提供第一光学胶层以将第一光学结构层贴合在封装层上。在利用上述方法获得的显示面板中，封装层可以防止第一遮光图案中的有害物质(例如，第一遮光图案的材料为油墨)侵入显示阵列层中。利用该方法获得的显示面板的结构可以参见图3和图4所示的实施例中的相关说明，在此不做赘述。
例如，在本公开至少一个实施例提供的显示面板的制备方法中，施加遮光材料的方法包括丝网印刷。丝网印刷的工艺简单，形成的第一遮光图案的厚度小。例如，该遮光材料为吸光材料，例如可以为油墨。需要说明的是，第一遮光图案的制造工艺可以根据需要进行选择，在此不作限制。例如，可以在封装层上沉积遮光材料薄膜，然后对该薄膜进行构图工艺以形成第一遮光图案。例如，该构图工艺可以包括光刻构图工艺。
下面，在本公开的一个示例中，如图8A～图8C所示，以制造如图3所 示的显示面板为例，对显示面板的一种制备方法进行说明。
如图8A所示，提供基底1，并在基底1上形成显示阵列层100。形成显示阵列层100可以包括在基底1上形成驱动电路层(包括薄膜晶体管等)，然后在驱动电路层上制造发光器件阵列。驱动电路层以及发光器件的结构可以参见前述实施例中的相关说明，其具体制造工艺可以根据常规工艺进行选择，在此不做赘述。
如图8A～图8B所示，在显示阵列层100上形成封装层400，封装层400覆盖显示阵列层100。例如，可以在显示阵列层100上沉积无机材料以形成第一无机封装层，然后施加有机材料以形成有机封装层，然后在有机封装层上沉积无机材料以形成第二无机封装层。例如，有机封装层的形成方法可以为喷墨打印，如此，有机封装层可以起到平坦化的作用，以提高显示面板的平面度。
如图8B～图8C所示，利用丝网印刷工艺在显示阵列层100上施加遮光材料以形成第一遮光图案300。例如，第一遮光图案300的形状可以如图1C所示。
如图8C至图3所示，提供表面涂覆有第一光学胶层510的第一光学结构层200(例如光学膜片)，然后利用第一光学胶层510将第一光学结构层200贴合在封装层400上，第一光学结构层200覆盖第一遮光图案300。
对于本公开，还有以下几点需要说明：
(1)本公开实施例附图只涉及到与本公开实施例涉及到的结构，其他结构可参考通常设计。
(2)为了清晰起见，在用于描述本公开的实施例的附图中，层或区域的厚度被放大或缩小，即这些附图并非按照实际的比例绘制。
(3)在不冲突的情况下，本公开的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合以得到新的实施例。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种显示面板，包括：
    显示阵列层，包括第一子显示区和由所述第一子显示区至少部分围绕的第二子显示区，所述第二子显示区设置为使得环境光透过；
    第一光学结构层，位于所述显示阵列层的显示侧；
    第一遮光图案，位于所述第一光学结构层的面向所述显示阵列层的一侧，且所述第一遮光图案至少部分围绕所述第二子显示区并暴露至少部分所述第二子显示区。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中，
    在垂直于所述显示阵列层所在面的方向上，所述第一遮光图案位于所述显示阵列层和所述第一光学结构层之间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述显示阵列层包括多个彼此间隔的子像素，以及
    在垂直于所述显示阵列层所在面的方向上，所述第一遮光图案与相邻所述子像素的间隔区域至少部分重叠。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的显示面板，其中，
    在所述第二子显示区中，所述第一遮光图案还包括成网状的遮光条，以及
    在所述显示阵列层所在面上，所述遮光条的网状部分的正投影与所述子像素的间隔区域的正投影重合，所述遮光条的网孔的正投影与所述子像素的正投影重合。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述第一光学结构层包括光学膜片。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述光学膜片包括四分之一波片和/或偏振片。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的显示面板，还包括：
    封装层，位于所述显示阵列层和所述第一光学结构层之间；
    其中，所述第一遮光图案位于所述封装层和所述第一光学结构层之间，或者所述第一遮光图案位于所述显示阵列层和所述封装层之间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的显示面板，还包括：
    第一光学胶层，位于所述封装层和所述光学膜片之间；
    其中，所述第一遮光图案位于所述第一光学胶层和所述封装层之间，或者位于所述第一光学胶层和所述光学膜片之间。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述第一光学胶层的厚度不小于所述第一遮光图案的厚度。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述第一光学胶层的厚度至少四倍于所述第一遮光图案的厚度。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中，
    在垂直于所述显示阵列层所在面的方向上，所述第一遮光图案位于所述显示阵列层的背离所述第一光学结构层的一侧。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述第一遮光图案的位于所述第二子显示区的部分设置有多个开口。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一所述的显示面板，还包括黑矩阵，其中，
    所述黑矩阵的至少部分位于所述第一子显示区且位于所述第一光学结构层的背离所述显示阵列层的一侧。
  14. 一种显示装置，包括权利要求1-13任一所述的显示面板。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的显示装置，还包括图像拍摄器件，其中，
    所述图像拍摄器件位于显示面板的与显示侧相反的一侧，以及
    在所述显示面板所在面上，所述显示面板的第二子显示区的正投影与所述图像拍摄器件的正投影至少部分重叠。
  16. 一种显示面板的制备方法，包括：
    形成包括第一子显示区和由第一子显示区至少部分围绕的第二子显示区的显示阵列层，所述第二子显示区形成为使得环境光透过；
    在所述显示阵列层的显示侧形成第一光学结构层；
    在所述第一光学结构层的面向所述显示阵列层的一侧形成第一遮光图案，所述第一遮光图案至少部分形成为围绕所述第二子显示区并暴露至少部分所述第二子显示区。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的制备方法，其中，形成的显示阵列层包括多个间隔的子像素，形成所述第一遮光图案包括：
    在第二子显示区中形成网状遮光条；
    其中，在所述显示阵列层所在面上，所述遮光条的网状部分的正投影与所述子像素的间隔区域的正投影重合，所述遮光条的网孔的正投影与所述子像素的正投影重合。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的制备方法，还包括：
    在所述显示阵列层的显示侧表面形成封装层；
    其中，所述封装层位于所述显示阵列层和所述第一光学结构层之间。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的制备方法，其中，形成所述第一遮光图案包括：
    在所述封装层上施加遮光材料以形成第一遮光图案，然后提供第一光学胶层以将所述第一光学结构层贴合在所述封装层上；或者
    在所述第一光学结构层的一侧施加遮光材料以形成第一遮光图案，然后提供第一光学胶层以将所述第一光学结构层贴合在所述封装层上。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的制备方法，其中，
    施加所述遮光材料的方法包括丝网印刷。
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