WO2020248509A1 - Dispositif électroluminescent à cavité résonante à micro-disque à injection électrique et son procédé de préparation - Google Patents

Dispositif électroluminescent à cavité résonante à micro-disque à injection électrique et son procédé de préparation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020248509A1
WO2020248509A1 PCT/CN2019/119048 CN2019119048W WO2020248509A1 WO 2020248509 A1 WO2020248509 A1 WO 2020248509A1 CN 2019119048 W CN2019119048 W CN 2019119048W WO 2020248509 A1 WO2020248509 A1 WO 2020248509A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
microdisk
semiconductor
resonant cavity
emitting device
cavity light
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PCT/CN2019/119048
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张保平
梅洋
许荣彬
徐欢
应磊莹
郑志威
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厦门大学
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Priority to KR1020207031709A priority Critical patent/KR102434130B1/ko
Publication of WO2020248509A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020248509A1/fr

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/10Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
    • H01S5/1071Ring-lasers
    • H01S5/1075Disk lasers with special modes, e.g. whispering gallery lasers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/58Optical field-shaping elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/62Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the semiconductor body, e.g. lead-frames, wire-bonds or solder balls
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/64Heat extraction or cooling elements
    • H01L33/641Heat extraction or cooling elements characterized by the materials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S2304/00Special growth methods for semiconductor lasers
    • H01S2304/02MBE

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of optoelectronics and semiconductor lasers, and specifically relates to an electric injection microdisk resonant cavity light emitting device and a preparation method thereof.
  • semiconductor micro-resonant cavities are attracting more and more attention because of their strong confinement effect on light. They not only provide a good platform for theoretical research such as quantum electrodynamics, but also have good application prospects in practical applications such as single photon sources, micro-nano lasers, and micro-nano LEDs.
  • the semiconductor microdisk resonant cavity is an optical microcavity system based on the whispering gallery mode, in which light propagates and resonates along the edge of the microdisk due to total reflection.
  • the microdisk resonant cavity has the advantages of simple structure, strong optical confinement, small mode volume, low current operation, etc., and it has a wide range of applications in biosensors and photoelectric integration.
  • the semiconductor microdisk resonant cavity Since the modes in the semiconductor microdisk resonant cavity are mainly limited to the edge of the microdisk, the semiconductor microdisk resonant cavity often has a supporting part in the center of the microdisk to connect to the substrate, and the part near the edge of the microdisk is a suspended structure, which can reduce The optical diffraction loss of the small mode to the substrate has a better restriction on the optical mode in the vertical direction.
  • this floating structure brings difficulties to the current injection of the device, and most of the semiconductor microdisk resonators with a floating structure can only work under the condition of an optical pump. Under normal circumstances, the support pillars at the bottom of the semiconductor microdisk resonant cavity are prepared by wet etching the substrate.
  • the support pillars below the microdisk must be used as current channels. This requires the support pillars and the epitaxial layer in the semiconductor microdisk that directly contacts the support pillars to have good conductivity. It is feasible to prepare electrically implanted microdisk resonators in InP-based semiconductor materials in this way, because high-conductivity InP substrates are easy to obtain and wet etching of InP is easier.
  • YHKim et al. prepared an electrically injected microdisk resonator laser with a suspended edge structure in this way. For details, please refer to "Kim Y H, Kwon S H, Lee J M, et al.
  • the current flows through the n-GaN on both sides of the microdisk. Enter the microdisk laterally and inject into the active area. Since there is no suspended structure, the diffraction loss of the optical field in the resonant cavity into the substrate is very large.
  • the epitaxial wafer must be specially designed to form a waveguide structure in the horizontal direction to limit the optical field to the vicinity of the active area in the vertical direction. The Q value is low.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrically injected microdisk resonant cavity light emitting device and a preparation method thereof to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
  • an electrically injected microdisk resonant cavity light emitting device comprising a semiconductor microdisk, a metal support column and a metal support substrate, the semiconductor microdisk is supported on the metal support substrate through the metal support column Above, the edge of the semiconductor microdisk protrudes from the sidewall of the metal supporting column to form a suspended structure.
  • a current spreading layer is also provided between the semiconductor microdisk and the metal supporting column.
  • the semiconductor microdisk has a circular structure.
  • the metal supporting column has a cylindrical structure.
  • the metal supporting column is aligned with the center of the semiconductor microdisk.
  • the semiconductor microdisk includes a stacked p-type semiconductor epitaxial layer, an active region, and an n-type semiconductor epitaxial layer in order from bottom to top.
  • the metal supporting column and the metal supporting substrate are made of copper or aluminum and are integrally formed.
  • the invention also discloses a preparation method for the above-mentioned electric injection microdisk resonant cavity light-emitting device, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
  • step S1 growing a pin structure semiconductor epitaxial layer on the substrate, and proceed to step S2;
  • step S2 depositing a dielectric film layer with small holes on the outer surface of the semiconductor epitaxial layer, and the small holes penetrate the dielectric film layer to the outer surface of the semiconductor epitaxial layer, and proceed to step S3;
  • step S3 preparing a metal layer on the surface of the dielectric film layer, the metal layer fills the small holes of the dielectric film layer, and step S4 is performed;
  • step S5 etching the semiconductor epitaxial layer to form a semiconductor microdisk, and then proceeding to step S6;
  • step S6 remove the dielectric film layer, and go to step S7;
  • an electrode is deposited on the surface of the semiconductor microdisk to complete the device preparation.
  • the dielectric film layer is a SiO 2 dielectric film layer.
  • step S1 a pin structure semiconductor epitaxial layer is grown by MOCVD or MBE;
  • step S3 electroplating is used to prepare a metal layer on the surface of the dielectric film layer
  • step S5 a semiconductor microdisk is formed by photolithography or dry etching
  • step S6 the dielectric film layer is removed by using wet etching.
  • the edge part of the semiconductor microdisk of the present invention is separated from the metal supporting substrate to form a suspended structure, thereby forming a strong restriction on the optical field in the resonant cavity in the vertical direction.
  • the metal supporting column and the metal supporting substrate can simultaneously perform current injection It effectively solves the current injection problem of the microdisk resonator with a suspended edge structure.
  • the metal support column and the metal support substrate also Can better improve the heat dissipation characteristics of the device.
  • the present invention can be prepared by electroplating and wet etching processes, can realize the preparation of electric injection microdisk resonant cavity light-emitting devices suitable for any semiconductor material system, all preparation processes are compatible with standard semiconductor preparation processes, and meet the needs of large-scale optoelectronic integration. It has a broad application prospect.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of an electrically injected microdisk resonant cavity light emitting device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of the preparation method of a specific embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the epitaxial wafer structure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of depositing a patterned SiO 2 dielectric film with small holes on the epitaxial wafer
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the sample after the electrode for electroplating is evaporated
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the sample after electroplating the metal supporting substrate
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure after the sample is inverted and the original substrate is removed;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the sample after etching the microdisk mesa
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the sample after the SiO 2 dielectric film layer is removed by wet etching;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the sample after the electrode on the microdisk is evaporated.
  • an electrically injected microdisk resonant cavity light-emitting device includes a semiconductor microdisk 1, a metal support column 2 and a metal support substrate 3.
  • the semiconductor microdisk 1 is supported on the metal support substrate 3 through the metal support column 2
  • the edge of the semiconductor microdisk 1 protrudes from the sidewalls of the metal support column 2 to form a suspended structure, so that the light field in the resonant cavity of the semiconductor microdisk 1 is reflected in the vertical direction (that is, the direction perpendicular to the metal support substrate 3).
  • the metal support column 2 and the metal support substrate 3 can play the role of current injection at the same time, which solves the current injection problem of the microdisk resonant cavity with a suspended edge structure, and is compared with the traditional microdisk resonator
  • Other semiconductor supporting materials and substrates such as Si in the light-emitting device, the metal supporting column 2 and the metal supporting substrate 3 can also better improve the heat dissipation characteristics of the device.
  • an upper electrode 81 is further included, and the upper electrode 81 is disposed on the upper surface of the semiconductor microdisk 1 (take the direction of FIG. 1 as a reference).
  • the material of the upper electrode 81 may be Cr, Au, Ni, Ti, or other metal electrode materials with good electrical conductivity, or laminated layers of different metal materials such as Cr/Au, Ni/Au, Ti/Au.
  • the semiconductor microdisk 1 preferably has a circular structure, is compact in structure, and is easy to prepare. However, it is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the semiconductor microdisk 1 may also be triangular, square, hexagonal, or the like.
  • the semiconductor microdisk 1 includes a stacked p-type semiconductor epitaxial layer 14, an active region 13, and an n-type semiconductor epitaxial layer 12 in order from bottom to top, forming a PIN structure. It can be made of GaN-based, GaAs-based, InP-based and other materials.
  • the metal supporting column 2 is preferably a cylindrical structure, which is more suitable for the structure of the circular semiconductor microdisk 1. However, it is not limited to this. In some embodiments, the metal support column 2 may also be triangular column shape, hexagonal column shape, or the like.
  • the metal support column 2 is preferably made of copper or aluminum material, which has good electrical and thermal conductivity and low cost. Of course, in other embodiments, it may also be other metal materials with good thermal and electrical conductivity.
  • the diameter of the semiconductor microdisk 1 is greater than the diameter of the metal support column 2, and the center of the semiconductor microdisk 1 and the metal support column 2 are aligned, that is, the center axis of the semiconductor microdisk 1 coincides with the center axis of the metal support column 2, making the manufacturing process simpler and the structure Stability is better, but not limited to this.
  • the semiconductor microdisk 1 and the metal support pillar 2 may not be aligned centrally, as long as the edge of the semiconductor microdisk 1 protrudes from the sidewall of the metal support pillar 2 to form a suspended structure.
  • the metal supporting substrate 3 is preferably made of copper or aluminum material, which has good electrical and thermal conductivity and low cost. Of course, in other embodiments, it may also be other metal materials with good thermal and electrical conductivity.
  • the metal supporting column 2 and the metal supporting substrate 3 are integrally formed, the preparation process is simple, and the conductive effect is better.
  • a current spreading layer (not shown in the figure) can be selectively deposited between the p-type semiconductor epitaxial layer 14 and the metal support pillar 2 according to the difference in the conductivity of the semiconductor material of the p-type semiconductor epitaxial layer 14.
  • a current spreading layer such as ITO needs to be deposited, but it can be omitted in GaAs-based and InP-based materials.
  • the present invention also discloses a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned electric injection microdisk resonant cavity light-emitting device, which includes the following steps:
  • step S1 growing a pin structure semiconductor epitaxial layer on the substrate, and proceed to step S2.
  • the pin structure semiconductor epitaxial layer is grown on the substrate 11 using the MOCVD or MBE method, specifically: an n-type semiconductor epitaxial layer 12, an active region 13, and a p
  • the type semiconductor epitaxial layer 14 forms an epitaxial wafer.
  • the material of the substrate 11 is selected according to different semiconductor material systems. For example, GaN-based materials generally use GaN, sapphire, Si, SiC and other substrates, GaAs-based materials are generally grown using GaAs substrates, and InP-based materials are grown using InP substrates. .
  • a current spreading layer such as ITO can be selectively prepared on the surface of p-type semiconductor epitaxial layer 14.
  • the current spreading characteristics of p-GaN are poor, and a current spreading layer such as ITO is deposited on the surface of the p-type semiconductor epitaxial layer 14, but it can be omitted in GaAs-based and InP-based materials. In this specific embodiment, no current spreading layer is prepared.
  • step S2 depositing a dielectric film layer with small holes on the outer surface of the semiconductor epitaxial layer, the small holes penetrate the dielectric film layer to the outer surface of the semiconductor epitaxial layer, and proceed to step S3.
  • a SiO 2 dielectric film layer 21 is prepared on the upper surface of the p-type semiconductor epitaxial layer 14 (Of course, in other embodiments, the dielectric film layer 21 may also be SiN, TiO 2 , Ta 2 O 5 and other dielectric films that are easy to be wet-etched), and use photolithography and other processes to pattern the SiO 2 dielectric film 21 into small holes 211, which penetrate through the dielectric film 21 to the outer side of the p-type semiconductor epitaxial layer 14. surface.
  • the thickness of the SiO 2 dielectric film 21 can be several hundreds of nanometers to several micrometers, and the diameter of the small holes 211 can be several micrometers to several hundreds of micrometers.
  • step S3 preparing a metal layer on the surface of the dielectric film layer, the metal layer fills the small holes of the dielectric film layer, and step S4 is entered.
  • a whole metal electrode layer 31 is prepared on the surface of the SiO 2 dielectric film layer 21 and the sidewall and bottom surface of the small hole 211 by sputtering or evaporation, etc., as the electrode for the subsequent electroplating process. , While retaining the shape of the small hole 211 in step S2.
  • the material of the metal electrode layer 31 may be Cr, Au, Ni, Ti, or other metal electrode materials with good electrical conductivity, or laminated layers of different metal materials such as Cr/Au, Ni/Au, and Ti/Au.
  • the metal layer 41 is electroplated on the upper surface of the metal electrode layer 31 by an electroplating method.
  • the thickness of the metal layer 41 can be tens to hundreds of microns.
  • the material of the metal layer 41 can be copper, aluminum or other thermally conductive materials. Metal material with good conductivity.
  • the metal layer 41 fills up the small holes 211.
  • step S4 the substrate is removed, and step S5 is entered.
  • step S3 the sample formed in step S3 is turned upside down, and the substrate 11 is removed by peeling, polishing or etching.
  • step S5 the semiconductor epitaxial layer is etched to form a semiconductor microdisk, and step S6 is performed.
  • the semiconductor microdisk 1 is prepared by using methods such as photolithography and etching, and the etched stop layer is the SiO 2 dielectric film layer 21, so that the SiO 2 dielectric film layer 21 is exposed on the surface.
  • the diameter of the semiconductor microdisk 1 can be several to several hundreds of microns, but is larger than the diameter of the small hole 211.
  • step S6 removing the dielectric film layer, and proceed to step S7.
  • an electrode is deposited on the surface of the semiconductor microdisk to complete the device preparation.
  • an upper electrode 81 is prepared on the upper surface of the n-type semiconductor epitaxial layer 12 by sputtering or evaporation.
  • the material of the upper electrode 81 can be Cr, Au, Ni, Ti or other good conductivity.
  • the metal electrode material or laminated layers of different metal materials such as Cr/Au, Ni/Au, Ti/Au are formed to complete the device preparation.
  • the present invention can be prepared by electroplating and wet etching processes, can realize the preparation of electric injection microdisk resonant cavity light-emitting devices suitable for any semiconductor material system, all preparation processes are compatible with standard semiconductor preparation processes, and meet the needs of large-scale optoelectronic integration. It has a broad application prospect.

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  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne le domaine technique des photoélectrons et des lasers à semi-conducteur, en particulier, un dispositif électroluminescent à cavité résonante à micro-disque à injection électrique et un procédé de préparation associé. L'invention concerne un dispositif électroluminescent à cavité résonante à micro-disque à injection électrique et son procédé de préparation. Le dispositif électroluminescent à cavité résonante à micro-disque à injection électrique comprend un micro-disque semi-conducteur, une colonne de support métallique et un substrat de support métallique, le micro-disque semi-conducteur étant supporté sur le substrat de support métallique au moyen de la colonne de support métallique, et un bord du micro-disque semi-conducteur fait saillie hors d'une paroi latérale de la colonne de support métallique pour former une structure suspendue. La présente invention fournit une bonne solution pour le problème de l'injection de courant d'une cavité résonante de micro-disque ayant une structure en suspension de bord, et par comparaison avec d'autres matériaux de support semi-conducteurs tels que Si dans un dispositif électroluminescent à cavité résonante à micro-disque classique, la colonne de support métallique peut mieux améliorer une caractéristique de dissipation de chaleur du dispositif ; et la colonne de support métallique et le substrat de support métallique peuvent être préparés d'une manière d'électrodéposition, le procédé est simple, tous les procédés de préparation sont compatibles avec un procédé de préparation de semi-conducteur standard, et l'exigence d'intégration photoélectrique à grande échelle est satisfaite.
PCT/CN2019/119048 2019-06-14 2019-11-18 Dispositif électroluminescent à cavité résonante à micro-disque à injection électrique et son procédé de préparation WO2020248509A1 (fr)

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