WO2020244008A1 - 消防车 - Google Patents

消防车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020244008A1
WO2020244008A1 PCT/CN2019/093571 CN2019093571W WO2020244008A1 WO 2020244008 A1 WO2020244008 A1 WO 2020244008A1 CN 2019093571 W CN2019093571 W CN 2019093571W WO 2020244008 A1 WO2020244008 A1 WO 2020244008A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
folding arm
arm
rod
telescopic
hinged
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/093571
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈添明
赵雄
李先梦
Original Assignee
三一汽车制造有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201910484562.0A external-priority patent/CN110075453A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201920838689.3U external-priority patent/CN210096746U/zh
Application filed by 三一汽车制造有限公司 filed Critical 三一汽车制造有限公司
Publication of WO2020244008A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020244008A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C27/00—Fire-fighting land vehicles

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of fire fighting equipment, and specifically to a fire fighting vehicle.
  • the existing lift jet fire truck basically includes two types of booms, one is the traditional "telescopic + telescopic" structure, the two sets of telescopic arms adopt a cylinder linkage mechanism to achieve amplitude luffing.
  • the working range is small, and the boom has only one folding joint, and the movement is not flexible, making it difficult to achieve high-precision operations in complex environments.
  • the other is a full-folding boom lift jet fire truck developed in recent years.
  • the multi-section folding boom is used for luffing motion through a linkage mechanism.
  • this kind of boom has a complex structure and is difficult to operate when the fire truck is operating. Technical problem of long boom deployment time.
  • This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • this application proposes a fire truck.
  • the fire truck includes: a chassis, one end of the chassis is provided with a cab; a swivel seat is provided on the chassis; a boom mechanism, the boom mechanism includes: a first folding arm, a second One end of a folding arm is hinged with the swivel base; the second folding arm, one end of the second folding arm is hinged with the other end of the first folding arm; a telescopic arm, the fixed end of the telescopic arm is opposite to the other end of the second folding arm Hinge; driving mechanism connected with the boom mechanism to drive the boom mechanism to expand or retract; wherein, when the boom mechanism is in the retracted state, the second folding arm is located directly above the first folding arm, and the telescopic arm is located on the second folding arm Side.
  • the chassis is the main support structure of the fire truck, which is used to carry and support other structures on the fire truck.
  • One end of the chassis is provided with a cab, and the user can control the fire truck in the cab .
  • the swivel is the base structure of the boom mechanism.
  • the boom mechanism is connected to engineering equipment such as fire trucks through the swivel to drive the boom mechanism to rotate with the swivel.
  • the boom mechanism consists of three parts: the first part is the first folding arm, the first end of the first folding arm is hinged with the swivel base, and the first folding arm rotates relative to the swivel base during operation; the second part is the second folding arm.
  • the driving mechanism is the power structure of the boom mechanism, and is used to provide power to the boom mechanism to realize the rotation of the boom mechanism.
  • the working angle of the boom mechanism is further adjusted by the second folding arm, thereby enhancing the flexibility of the boom mechanism , So that the boom mechanism can cross the front obstacle through the first folding arm and the second folding arm.
  • the working coverage of the boom mechanism is greatly increased, and the space occupied by the telescopic arm in the retracted state is small, which can reduce the space occupied by the boom mechanism.
  • the telescopic arm opens quickly, which is beneficial Fire and extinguish fire quickly.
  • the technical effect of optimizing the structure of the boom mechanism, improving the flexibility of the boom mechanism, and improving the accuracy and reliability of the product work is realized.
  • this application also specifically defines the spatial position of the boom mechanism. Specifically, when the boom mechanism is in the retracted state, the second folding arm is located directly above the first folding arm, and the telescopic arm is located to the side of the second folding arm.
  • the first folding arm rotates toward the front of the fire truck relative to the swivel seat
  • the second folding arm rotates toward the rear of the fire truck relative to the first folding arm
  • the telescopic arm relative to the second folding arm Rotate toward the front of the fire truck to form a zigzag boom mechanism.
  • the boom mechanism By setting the boom mechanism as a Z-shaped unfolded boom mechanism, the first folding arm, the second folding arm and the telescopic arm on the boom mechanism can start to rotate at the same time, avoiding the occurrence of the first folding arm, the second folding arm and the The problem of mutual interference when the telescopic arms are simultaneously deployed, thereby reducing the deployment time of the boom mechanism.
  • the front end of the zigzag boom mechanism extends from the front of the cab, so that the fire truck can extend the boom mechanism and perform fire fighting operations as soon as it drives to the fire source, eliminating the need for turning the front of the car and rotating the swivel seat Therefore, the preparation time of the boom mechanism is further reduced, and the boom mechanism is optimized, the deployment time of the boom mechanism is reduced, the work efficiency of the fire truck is improved, and the technical effect of improving product reliability.
  • the multiple sub-booms in the boom mechanism are deployed in the same direction.
  • each level of the boom needs to wait for the upper level of the boom to rotate at a certain angle before performing the rotation. , Thus wasting a lot of time, and causing technical problems under fire protection efficiency.
  • the boom mechanism extends from the rear of the fire truck.
  • the user needs to turn the direction of the fire truck or rotate the boom mechanism as a whole to execute the fire source in front of the cab. Firefighting operations have brought about technical problems such as long preparation time and low efficiency.
  • the present application sets the boom mechanism in a zigzag shape, so that the first folding arm, the second folding arm and the telescopic arm can be rotated at the same time at the first time, thereby solving the internal interference of the boom mechanism.
  • the present application provides the front end of the Z-shaped boom mechanism protruding from the front of the cab, so that the user can perform fire fighting operations without turning the front of the vehicle and turning the boom mechanism as a whole, thereby solving the problem of long preparation time for the boom mechanism.
  • fire truck in the above technical solution provided by this application may also have the following additional technical features:
  • part of the telescopic arm is located directly above the cab, and the telescopic arm and the second folding arm are located on the same level.
  • the position of the boom mechanism in the retracted state is further restricted.
  • the telescopic arm is located above the cab as a whole, and part of the telescopic arm is located directly above the cab, which is telescopic
  • the arm and the second folding arm are located on the same level, so that the space requirement of the telescopic arm in the length direction is transferred to the upper part of the cab to reduce the overall length requirement of the fire truck, so that the fire truck of the same length can accommodate longer telescopic lengths Arm, and then realize the optimization of the boom mechanism, improve the compactness of the fire truck structure, and enhance the technical effect of the fire truck practicability.
  • the fire truck further includes: a side mechanism, the side mechanism includes two relatively hinged connecting ends, one connecting end is connected to the second folding arm, and the other connecting end is connected to the telescopic arm Phase connection.
  • the boom mechanism is also provided with a lateral mechanism, wherein the lateral mechanism includes two relatively hinged connecting ends, and the two connecting ends are in the horizontal or longitudinal direction.
  • the side mechanism is composed of a first boom head and a second boom head that are rotatably connected to each other and arranged laterally, wherein the first boom head is connected with the second folding arm, and the second boom head is connected with the telescopic arm.
  • the first boom head and the second boom head can be relatively rotated, so that the second folding arm and the telescopic arm can be placed on the same plane side by side, thereby effectively using the lateral space of the boom mechanism and reducing the load in the retracted state.
  • the space requirement in the length direction of the boom mechanism is used to optimize the structure of the boom mechanism, improve the compactness of the boom mechanism, reduce the space requirement of the boom mechanism, and improve the technical effect of product practicability.
  • the second folding arm has a laterally bent boom structure, and the telescopic arm is hingedly connected to the lateral connection end of the second folding arm.
  • the driving mechanism includes: a first oil cylinder, one end of the first oil cylinder is hinged with the swivel, and the other end of the first oil cylinder is hinged with the first folding arm.
  • a first oil cylinder is provided in the boom mechanism.
  • one end of the first oil cylinder is an oil cylinder base, and the other end is a telescopic end of the oil cylinder.
  • the base of the first oil cylinder is hinged with the swivel, the telescopic end of the first oil cylinder is hinged with the first folding arm, and the first oil cylinder is connected with the oil pump through an oil circuit.
  • the oil pump presses hydraulic oil into the first oil cylinder, so that the telescopic end of the first oil cylinder extends under the action of oil pressure, thereby driving the first folding arm to expand relative to the swivel seat.
  • the hydraulic cylinder drive has the advantages of strong load-bearing capacity, smooth movement, etc., making the boom mechanism more suitable for heavy-duty occasions, so as to optimize the structure of the boom mechanism and improve the technical effect of the stability and reliability of the boom mechanism.
  • the fire truck further includes: a third folding arm hinged to the telescopic end of the telescopic arm, and the third folding arm is a two-section folding arm.
  • the boom mechanism is in a folding + telescopic + folding structure.
  • the boom mechanism first passes through the first folding arm and The second folding arm turns the boom mechanism upside down, and then the third folding arm is protruded by the telescopic arm, and finally the working position and working angle are adjusted by the third folding arm.
  • the boom mechanism can cross the obstacles in front of the boom mechanism by adjusting the angle, and the working equipment connected to the end of the boom mechanism can adjust the working angle through the rotation of the third folding arm, so that the boom mechanism can carry the equipment Perform more precise work with angles and orientations, thereby optimizing the boom mechanism, improving the flexibility of the boom mechanism and the ability to overcome obstacles, widening the extension coverage of the boom mechanism, and improving the technical effect of product work accuracy and reliability.
  • the third folding arm is a two-section folding arm.
  • the flexibility of the third folding arm is improved, so that the third folding arm can cross obstacles more flexibly and conveniently to perform fire fighting work
  • the working coverage of the third folding arm can be further expanded, thereby optimizing the structure of the third folding arm, improving the working flexibility and coverage of the boom mechanism, and improving the technical effect of product working reliability.
  • At least one section of the first folding arm, the second folding arm, the telescopic arm and the third folding arm are parallel to each other.
  • the first folding arm rotates to a horizontal position
  • the second folding arm, the telescopic arm and the third folding arm are also adjusted to the horizontal position by turning over, so that the boom
  • horizontal stacking minimizes the horizontal and vertical space requirements of the boom mechanism in the retracted state, so that the boom mechanism is more compact and compact, thereby optimizing the structure of the boom mechanism and reducing the arms
  • the technical effect of improving the practicability of the product is the space requirement of the structure.
  • the driving mechanism further includes: a first rod group, the first rod group includes: a first rod member, one end of the first rod member is hinged with the other end of the first folding arm; Two rods, one end of the second rod is hinged with one end of the second folding arm, and the other end of the second rod is hinged with the other end of the first rod; the second cylinder, one end of the second cylinder is hinged with the first The folding arm is hinged, and the other end of the second cylinder is hinged with the first rod; the second rod group, the second rod group includes: a third rod, one end of the third rod is hinged with the fixed end of the telescopic arm; The fourth rod, one end of the fourth rod is hinged with the other end of the second folding arm, the other end of the fourth rod is hinged with the other end of the third rod; the third cylinder, one end of the third cylinder is hinged with The fixed end of the telescopic arm is hinged, the other end of the third end of the third rod; the third cylinder,
  • the driving mechanism further includes a first rod group and a second cylinder.
  • one end of the second cylinder is a cylinder base, and the other end is a telescopic end of the cylinder.
  • the first rod group is composed of a first rod and a second rod.
  • the first rod is provided with three hinge points, and the second rod is provided with two hinge points.
  • the first hinge point of the first rod is hinged with the first folding arm, and the hinge point does not coincide with the hinge points of the first folding arm and the second folding arm; the first hinge of the second rod The point is hinged to the second folding arm, and the hinge point is also not coincident with the hinge point of the first folding arm and the second folding arm; the second hinge point of the first rod and the second hinge point of the second rod Phase articulated.
  • the base of the second oil cylinder is hinged with the first folding arm, and the telescopic end of the second oil cylinder is hinged with the third hinge point of the first rod.
  • the oil pump pumps the hydraulic oil into the second oil cylinder, and the telescopic end of the second oil cylinder extends under the oil pressure to push the first rod and the second rod to rotate.
  • the second folding arm is unfolded from the position parallel to the first folding arm to the required working angle, thereby realizing the unfolding and folding of the second folding arm relative to the first folding arm, and realizing the optimization of the structure of the boom mechanism, Improve the flexibility of the boom mechanism, reduce the space occupied by the boom mechanism, and improve the technical effect of product reliability and practicability.
  • the driving mechanism also includes a second rod group and a third oil cylinder.
  • one end of the third oil cylinder is an oil cylinder base, and the other end is a telescopic end of the oil cylinder.
  • the second rod group is composed of a third rod and a fourth rod.
  • the third rod is provided with three hinge points, and the fourth rod is provided with two hinge points.
  • the first hinge point of the third rod is hinged with the telescopic arm, and the hinge point does not coincide with the hinge point of the second folding arm and the telescopic arm;
  • the first hinge point of the fourth rod is hinged with the second
  • the folding arm is hinged, and the hinge point also does not coincide with the hinge point of the second folding arm and the telescopic arm;
  • the second hinge point of the third rod is hinged with the second hinge point of the fourth rod.
  • the hinge point of the fourth rod and the second folding arm forms a group of four-link mechanisms.
  • the base of the third oil cylinder is hinged with the telescopic arm, and the telescopic end of the third oil cylinder is hinged with the third hinge point of the third rod.
  • the oil pump pumps the hydraulic oil into the third oil cylinder, and the telescopic end of the third oil cylinder extends under the oil pressure to push the third rod and the fourth rod to rotate.
  • the telescopic arm is expanded from the position parallel to the second folding arm to the required working angle, thereby realizing the expansion and folding of the telescopic arm relative to the second folding arm, and realizing the optimization of the structure of the boom mechanism and the lifting of the boom mechanism.
  • the driving mechanism further includes a third rod group and a fourth oil cylinder.
  • one end of the fourth oil cylinder is an oil cylinder base, and the other end is a telescopic end of the oil cylinder.
  • the third rod group is composed of a fifth rod and a sixth rod.
  • the fifth rod is provided with three hinge points, and the sixth rod is provided with two hinge points.
  • the first hinge point of the fifth rod is hinged with the telescopic arm, and the hinge point does not coincide with the hinge points of the telescopic arm and the third folding arm;
  • the first hinge point of the sixth rod is hinged with the third
  • the folding arm is hinged, and the hinge point also does not coincide with the hinge point of the telescopic arm and the third folding arm;
  • the second hinge point of the fifth rod is hinged with the second hinge point of the sixth rod.
  • the interval between the hinge point of the telescopic arm and the third folding arm, the hinge point of the sixth rod and the third folding arm And the space between the hinge points of the telescopic arm and the third folding arm form a group of four-link mechanisms.
  • the base of the fourth oil cylinder is hinged with the third folding arm, and the telescopic end of the fourth oil cylinder is hinged with the third hinge point of the fifth rod.
  • the oil pump pumps the hydraulic oil into the fourth oil cylinder, and the telescopic end of the fourth oil cylinder extends under oil pressure to push the fifth and sixth rods to rotate.
  • the third folding arm is expanded from the position parallel to the telescopic arm to the required working angle, thereby realizing the expansion and folding of the third folding arm relative to the telescopic arm, and realizing the optimization of the structure of the boom mechanism, and the lifting of the boom mechanism.
  • the telescopic boom is a two-section telescopic boom or a three-section telescopic boom.
  • the telescopic boom is a two-section telescopic boom or a three-section telescopic boom.
  • the telescopic boom is composed of a one-section telescopic boom, a two-section telescopic boom, and a three-section telescopic boom.
  • a section of the telescopic arm is the main structure of the telescopic arm, one section of which is hinged with the second sub-folding arm, and the whole is a tubular structure containing a cavity inside.
  • the two sections of telescopic arms are both a tubular structure with a cavity inside, which is arranged in the cavity of a section of the folding arm.
  • the three-segment folding arm is arranged in the cavity of the second-segment folding arm.
  • the second-stage telescopic arm When the telescopic arm is not extended, the second-stage telescopic arm is located in the cavity of the first-stage telescopic arm, and the third-stage telescopic arm is located in the cavity of the second-stage telescopic arm;
  • the body extension direction extends, and the three-segment telescopic arm extends along the cavity extension direction of the two-segment telescopic arm, thereby extending the second folding arm connected with the three-segment telescopic arm to the required working position.
  • the nested telescopic boom occupies a small space in the retracted state, which can make the boom mechanism more appealing and compact, and the multi-stage nested telescopic boom has a shorter telescopic time, which can quickly complete the designated work in a short time.
  • the optimization of the boom mechanism is realized, the working efficiency of the telescopic boom is improved, the compactness of the product structure is improved, and the technical effect of improving the reliability of the product.
  • the fire truck further includes: a water cannon arranged at the end of the third folding arm; a water supply system arranged on the chassis; a pipeline system arranged on the chassis, one end of the pipeline system It is connected with the water supply system, and the other end of the pipeline system extends along the boom mechanism and is connected with the water monitor.
  • a water cannon is arranged on the third folding arm, so that the fire truck can transport the water cannon to the fire source through the extension boom mechanism and extinguish the fire source through the high-pressure water jet emitted by the water cannon, thereby realizing fire fighting operations.
  • the chassis is also provided with a water supply system and a pipeline system to maintain the work of the water monitor.
  • the water supply system, the pipeline system and the water monitor are connected in sequence.
  • the water supply system pumps the fire fighting water into the pipeline system, and finally from The water cannon is sprayed out to complete fire fighting through the water cannon.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a fire truck provided according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a fire truck according to another embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 3 shows a top view of the fire truck provided by the embodiment shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first rod group according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a second rod group according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a third rod group according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of the biasing mechanism provided by the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 8 shows a bottom view of the biasing mechanism provided by the embodiment shown in Fig. 7.
  • 1 fire truck 10 chassis, 102 cab, 12 swivel seats, 14 boom mechanism, 142 first folding arm, 144 second folding arm, 146 telescopic boom, 148 one-stage telescopic boom, 150 two-stage telescopic boom, 152 three-stage Telescopic arm, 154 side mechanism, 156 third folding arm, 162 first cylinder, 164 first rod group, 166 first rod, 168 second rod, 170 second cylinder, 172 second rod group, 174 Three rods, 176 fourth rods, 178 third cylinders, 180 third rod groups, 182 fifth rods, 184 sixth rods, 186 fourth cylinders, 20 water cannons.
  • FIGS. 1 to 8 a fire truck 1 according to some embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8.
  • a fire truck 1 is proposed.
  • the fire truck 1 includes a chassis 10, one end of the chassis 10 is provided with a cab 102, and a swivel 12 is provided on the chassis.
  • boom mechanism 14 the boom mechanism 14 includes: a first folding arm 142, one end of the first folding arm 142 is hinged with the rotating base 12; a second folding arm 144, one end of the second folding arm 144 and the first The other end of the folding arm 142 is hinged; the telescopic arm 146, the fixed end of the telescopic arm 146 is hinged to the other end of the second folding arm 144; the driving mechanism is connected with the boom mechanism 14 to drive the boom mechanism 14 to expand or Retract; Among them, when the boom mechanism 14 is in the retracted state, the second folding arm 144 is located directly above the first folding arm 142, and the telescopic arm 146 is located to the side of the second folding arm 144.
  • the chassis 10 is the main support structure of the fire truck 1 for carrying and supporting other structures on the fire truck 1.
  • a cab 102 is provided on one end of the chassis 10, and the user can The control of the fire truck 1 is completed within 102.
  • the swivel base 12 is the base structure of the boom mechanism 14, and the boom mechanism 14 is connected to engineering equipment such as the fire truck 1 through the swivel base 12 to drive the boom mechanism 14 to rotate with the swivel base 12.
  • the boom mechanism 14 is composed of three parts: the first part is the first folding arm 142, the first end of the first folding arm 142 is hinged with the rotating base 12, and the first folding arm 142 rotates relative to the rotating base 12 during operation;
  • the second part is the second folding arm 144, the first end of the second folding arm 144 is hinged with the second end of the first folding arm 142, and the second folding arm 144 rotates relative to the first folding arm 142 during operation;
  • Part of it is a telescopic arm 146, which is a boom frame with an adjustable length.
  • the fixed end of the telescopic arm 146 is hinged with the second end of the second folding arm 144.
  • the telescopic arm 146 is opposite to the first folding arm 142 during operation. The two ends rotate and extend or shorten on this basis.
  • the driving mechanism is a power structure of the boom mechanism 14 and is used to provide power to the boom mechanism 14 to realize the rotation of the boom mechanism 14.
  • the working angle of the boom mechanism 14 is further adjusted by the second folding arm 144, thereby strengthening
  • the flexibility of the boom mechanism 14 allows the boom mechanism 14 to cross the obstacle in front through the first folding arm 142 and the second folding arm 144.
  • the telescopic arm 146 By providing the telescopic arm 146, the working coverage of the boom mechanism 14 is greatly increased, and the space occupied by the telescopic arm 146 in the reclaimed state is small, which can reduce the space occupied by the boom mechanism 14, and the opening speed of the telescopic arm Fast, is conducive to rapid fire fighting.
  • the technical effect of optimizing the structure of the boom mechanism 14 is realized, the flexibility of the boom mechanism 14 is improved, and the accuracy and reliability of the product work are improved.
  • the present application also specifically defines the spatial position of the boom mechanism 14. Specifically, when the boom mechanism 14 is in the retracted state, the second folding arm 144 is located directly above the first folding arm 142, and the telescopic arm 146 is located to the side of the second folding arm 144.
  • the first folding arm 142 rotates toward the front of the fire truck 1 relative to the swivel base 12, and the second folding arm 144 rotates toward the rear of the fire truck 1 relative to the first folding arm 142.
  • the telescopic arm 146 rotates toward the front of the fire truck 1 relative to the second folding arm 144 to form a zigzag boom mechanism 14.
  • the boom mechanism 14 By setting the boom mechanism 14 as a Z-shaped unfolded boom mechanism 14, the first folding arm 142, the second folding arm 144 and the telescopic arm 146 on the boom mechanism 14 can start to rotate at the same time, avoiding the occurrence of the first folding arm 142.
  • the front end of the zigzag boom mechanism 14 extends from the front of the cab 102, so that the fire truck 1 can extend the boom mechanism 14 and perform fire fighting operations as soon as it drives to the fire source, eliminating the need for turning the front of the vehicle.
  • the present application sets the boom mechanism 14 to be expanded in a Z-shape, so that the first folding arm 142, the second folding arm 144 and the telescopic arm 146 can rotate at the same time at the first time, thereby solving the problem of the boom mechanism 14 Internal mutual interference, unfolding long-term technical issues.
  • the front end of the zigzag boom mechanism 14 protrudes from the front of the cab 102, so that the user can perform fire fighting operations without turning the front of the vehicle and turning the boom mechanism 14 as a whole, thereby solving the problem of the boom mechanism 14 Technical issues with long preparation time.
  • the position of the boom mechanism 14 in the retracted state is further defined.
  • the telescopic arm 146 is located above the cab 102 as a whole, and part of the telescopic arm 146 is located in the cab.
  • the telescopic arm 146 and the second folding arm 144 are located on the same horizontal plane, so that the space requirement of the telescopic arm 146 in the length direction is transferred to the upper part of the cab 102, so as to reduce the overall length requirement of the fire truck 1 and make it equal
  • the length of the fire truck 1 can accommodate a longer-length telescopic boom 146, thereby optimizing the boom mechanism 14, which improves the compactness of the fire truck 1 and improves the technical effect of the fire truck 1’s practicability.
  • the fire truck 1 further includes: a side mechanism 154, the side mechanism 154 includes two relatively hinged connecting ends, one connecting end and the first The two folding arms 144 are connected, and the other connecting end is connected with the telescopic arm 146.
  • the boom mechanism 14 is also provided with a lateral mechanism 154, wherein the lateral mechanism 154 includes two relatively hinged connecting ends, and the two connecting ends are in the transverse direction. Or the longitudinally staggered arrangement, one of the connecting ends is connected with the second folding arm 144, and the other connecting end is connected with the telescopic arm 146.
  • the side mechanism 154 is composed of a first boom head and a second boom head that are rotatably connected to each other and arranged laterally, wherein the first boom head is connected to the second folding arm 144, and the second boom head is connected to the telescopic arm 146. connection.
  • the first boom head and the second boom head can be relatively rotated, so that the second folding arm 144 and the telescopic arm 146 can be placed sideways on the same plane, thereby effectively using the lateral space of the boom mechanism 14 and reducing the retraction
  • the space requirement in the length direction of the boom mechanism 14 in the state can be used to optimize the structure of the boom mechanism 14, improve the structural compactness of the boom mechanism 14, reduce the space requirement of the boom mechanism 14, and improve the technical effect of product practicability.
  • the second folding arm 144 is a laterally bent boom structure, and the telescopic arm 146 is hinged to the lateral connection end of the second folding arm 144.
  • another method for laterally placing the telescopic arm 146 is proposed: by setting the second folding arm 144 as a laterally bent boom structure, instead of the side-mounted method for the first telescopic arm 146 During the assembly process, by hingedly connecting the telescopic arm 146 with the side connecting end of the second folding arm 144, the side mechanism 154 can be omitted, and the boom structure can be simplified.
  • the driving mechanism includes: a first oil cylinder 162, one end of the first oil cylinder 162 is hinged with the rotating base 12, and the other end of the first oil cylinder 162 is connected to the first oil cylinder 162.
  • the folding arms 142 are hinged.
  • a first oil cylinder 162 is provided in the boom mechanism 14.
  • one end of the first oil cylinder 162 is an oil cylinder base, and the other end is a telescopic end of the oil cylinder.
  • the base of the first oil cylinder 162 is hinged with the swivel 12
  • the telescopic end of the first oil cylinder 162 is hinged with the first folding arm 142
  • the first oil cylinder 162 is connected with the oil pump through an oil circuit.
  • the oil pump presses hydraulic oil into the first oil cylinder 162 so that the telescopic end of the first oil cylinder 162 extends under the action of oil pressure, thereby driving the first folding arm 142 to expand relative to the swivel 12.
  • the hydraulic cylinder drive has the advantages of strong load-bearing capacity, stable movement, etc., making the boom mechanism 14 more suitable for heavy-duty occasions, so as to optimize the structure of the boom mechanism 14 and improve the motion stability and reliability of the boom mechanism 14 effect.
  • the fire truck 1 further includes: a third folding arm 156 hinged to the telescopic end of the telescopic arm 146, and the third folding arm 156 is a two-section folding arm .
  • the boom mechanism 14 is in a folding + telescopic + folding structure.
  • the boom mechanism 14 first passes through the first A folding arm 142 and a second folding arm 144 turn the boom mechanism 14 up, and then the third folding arm 156 is protruded by the telescopic arm 146, and finally the working position and working angle are adjusted by the third folding arm 156.
  • the boom mechanism 14 can cross the obstacles in front of the boom mechanism 14 by adjusting the angle, and the working equipment connected to the end of the boom mechanism 14 can adjust the working angle through the rotation of the third folding arm 156, so that the boom The mechanism 14 can carry equipment to perform more precise work in angle and orientation, thereby optimizing the boom mechanism 14, improving the flexibility of the boom mechanism 14 and the ability to overcome obstacles, widening the extension coverage of the boom mechanism 14, and improving the accuracy of product work Technical effect with reliability.
  • the third folding arm 156 is a two-section folding arm.
  • the flexibility of the third folding arm 156 is improved, so that the third folding arm 156 can overcome obstacles more flexibly and conveniently It also can further expand the working coverage of the third folding arm 156, so as to optimize the structure of the third folding arm 156, improve the working flexibility and coverage of the boom mechanism 14, and improve the reliability of the product. effect.
  • the first folding arm 142 rotates to a horizontal position.
  • the second folding arm 144, the telescopic arm 146 and the third folding arm 156 are also adjusted to the horizontal position by turning over.
  • the position enables the boom mechanism 14 to reduce the length of the boom mechanism 14 through horizontal stacking to minimize the horizontal and longitudinal space requirements in the retracted state, thereby making the boom mechanism 14 more compact and optimized.
  • the structure of the boom mechanism 14 reduces the space requirement of the boom mechanism 14 and improves the technical effect of product practicability.
  • the driving mechanism further includes: a first rod group 164, the first rod group 164 includes: a first rod 166, a first rod One end of the member 166 is hinged with the other end of the first folding arm 142; the second rod 168, one end of the second rod 168 is hinged with one end of the second folding arm 144, and the other end of the second rod 168 is hinged with the first The other end of a rod 166 is hinged; the second cylinder 170, one end of the second cylinder 170 is hinged with the first folding arm 142, and the other end of the second cylinder 170 is hinged with the first rod 166; the second rod group 172.
  • the second rod group 172 includes: a third rod 174, one end of the third rod 174 is hinged to the fixed end of the telescopic arm 146; a fourth rod 176, one end of the fourth rod 176 is connected to the second folding arm The other end of the 144 is hinged, the other end of the fourth rod 176 is hinged with the other end of the third rod 174; the third cylinder 178, one end of the third cylinder 178 is hinged with the fixed end of the telescopic arm 146, and the third The other end of the oil cylinder 178 is hinged with the third rod 174; the third rod group 180, the third rod group 180 includes: a fifth rod 182, one end of the fifth rod 182 is hinged with the telescopic end of the telescopic arm 146; The sixth rod 184, one end of the sixth rod 184 is hinged with the third folding arm 156, the other end of the sixth rod 184 is hinged with the other end of the fifth rod 182; the fourth cylinder 186,
  • the driving mechanism further includes a first rod group 164 and a second cylinder 170.
  • one end of the second cylinder 170 is a cylinder base, and the other end is a telescopic end of the cylinder.
  • the first rod group 164 is composed of a first rod 166 and a second rod 168.
  • the first rod 166 is provided with three hinge points, and the second rod 168 is provided with two hinge points.
  • the first hinge point of the first rod 166 is hinged with the first folding arm 142, and the hinge point does not coincide with the hinge points of the first folding arm 142 and the second folding arm 144; the second rod 168 The first hinge point is hinged with the second folding arm 144, and the hinge point is also not coincident with the hinge points of the first folding arm 142 and the second folding arm 144; the second hinge point of the first rod 166 is The second hinge point of the two rods 168 is hinged.
  • the second rod 168 passing through the space between the first rod 166, the second rod 168, the hinge point of the first rod 166 and the first folding arm 142 and the hinge point of the first folding arm 142 and the second folding arm 144, the second The distance between the hinge point of the rod 168 and the second folding arm 144 and the hinge point of the first folding arm 142 and the second folding arm 144 forms a set of four-bar linkage mechanism.
  • the base of the second cylinder 170 is hinged with the first folding arm 142, and the telescopic end of the second cylinder 170 is hinged with the third hinge point of the first rod 166.
  • the oil pump pumps the hydraulic oil into the second oil cylinder 170.
  • the telescopic end of the second oil cylinder 170 extends under oil pressure to push the first rod 166 and the second rod 168 to rotate.
  • the second folding arm 144 is expanded from a position parallel to the first folding arm 142 to the desired working angle, thereby realizing the expansion and folding of the second folding arm 144 relative to the first folding arm 142, and realizes
  • the structure of the boom mechanism 14 is optimized, the flexibility of the boom mechanism 14 is improved, the space occupied by the boom mechanism 14 is reduced, and the technical effect of improving product reliability and practicability.
  • the driving mechanism further includes a second rod group 172 and a third oil cylinder 178.
  • one end of the third oil cylinder 178 is an oil cylinder base, and the other end is a telescopic end of the oil cylinder.
  • the second rod group 172 is composed of a third rod 174 and a fourth rod 176.
  • the third rod 174 is provided with three hinge points, and the fourth rod 176 is provided with two hinge points.
  • the first hinge point of the third rod 174 is hinged with the telescopic arm 146, and the hinge point does not coincide with the hinge point of the second folding arm 144 and the telescopic arm 146; the first hinge of the fourth rod 176
  • the hinge point is hinged to the second folding arm 144, and the hinge point also does not coincide with the hinge point of the second folding arm 144 and the telescopic arm 146; the second hinge point of the third rod 174 and the fourth rod 176
  • the two hinge points are hinged.
  • the fourth rod 176 and the third rod 174 and the hinge point of the telescopic arm 146 and the distance between the hinge point of the second folding arm 144 and the telescopic arm 146
  • the fourth rod 176 and The distance between the hinge point of the second folding arm 144 and the hinge point of the second folding arm 144 and the telescopic arm 146 forms a set of four-link mechanisms.
  • the base of the third cylinder 178 is hinged with the telescopic arm 146, and the telescopic end of the third cylinder 178 is hinged with the third hinge point of the third rod 174.
  • the oil pump pumps the hydraulic oil into the third oil cylinder 178.
  • the telescopic end of the third oil cylinder 178 extends under oil pressure to push the third rod 174 and the fourth rod 176 to rotate.
  • the telescopic arm 146 is expanded from a position parallel to the second folding arm 144 to the required working angle, thereby realizing the expansion and folding of the telescopic arm 146 relative to the second folding arm 144, and realizing an optimized boom
  • the structure of the mechanism 14 enhances the flexibility of the boom mechanism 14, reduces the space occupied by the boom mechanism 14, and improves the technical effect of product reliability and practicability.
  • the driving mechanism further includes a third rod group 180 and a fourth oil cylinder 186.
  • one end of the fourth oil cylinder 186 is an oil cylinder base, and the other end is a telescopic end of the oil cylinder.
  • the third rod group 180 is composed of a fifth rod 182 and a sixth rod 184.
  • the fifth rod 182 is provided with three hinge points
  • the sixth rod 184 is provided with two hinge points.
  • the first hinge point of the fifth rod 182 is hinged with the telescopic arm 146, and the hinge point does not coincide with the hinge point of the telescopic arm 146 and the third folding arm 156; the first hinge of the sixth rod 184 The hinge point is hinged to the third folding arm 156, and the hinge point also does not coincide with the hinge point of the telescopic arm 146 and the third folding arm 156; the second hinge point of the fifth rod 182 and the sixth rod 184 The two hinge points are hinged.
  • the sixth rod 184 thereby through the fifth rod 182, the sixth rod 184, the fifth rod 182 and the hinge point of the telescopic arm 146 and the distance between the hinge point of the telescopic arm 146 and the third folding arm 156, the sixth rod 184 and The distance between the hinge point of the third folding arm 156 and the hinge point of the telescopic arm 146 and the third folding arm 156 forms a set of four-bar linkage mechanism.
  • the base of the fourth cylinder 186 is hinged with the third folding arm 156, and the telescopic end of the fourth cylinder 186 is hinged with the third hinge point of the fifth rod 182.
  • the oil pump pumps hydraulic oil into the fourth oil cylinder 186, and the telescopic end of the fourth oil cylinder 186 extends under the oil pressure to push the fifth rod 182 and the sixth rod 184 to rotate.
  • the third folding arm 156 is expanded from a position parallel to the telescopic arm 146 to the desired working angle, thereby realizing the expansion and folding of the third folding arm 156 relative to the telescopic arm 146, and realizing the optimization of the boom
  • the structure of the mechanism 14 enhances the flexibility of the boom mechanism 14, reduces the space occupied by the boom mechanism 14, and improves the technical effect of product reliability and practicability.
  • the telescopic arm 146 is a two-section telescopic arm or a three-section telescopic arm.
  • the telescopic arm 146 is a two-section telescopic arm or a three-section telescopic arm 146.
  • the telescopic arm 146 is composed of a one-section telescopic arm 148, a two-section telescopic arm 150 and a three-section telescopic arm 152.
  • a section of the telescopic arm 148 is the main structure of the telescopic arm 146, a section of which is hinged to the second sub-folding arm, and the whole is a tubular structure with a cavity inside.
  • the two-segment telescopic arm 150 is a tubular structure with a cavity inside, which is arranged in the cavity of a folding arm.
  • the three-segment folding arm is arranged in the cavity of the second-segment folding arm.
  • the second-stage telescopic arm 150 When the telescopic arm 146 is not extended, the second-stage telescopic arm 150 is located in the cavity of the first-stage telescopic arm 148, and the third-stage telescopic arm 152 is located in the cavity of the second-stage telescopic arm 150; when the telescopic arm 146 is extended, the second-stage telescopic arm 150 extends along the extending direction of the cavity of a section of the folding arm, and the three-segment telescopic arm 152 extends along the extending direction of the cavity of the two-segment telescopic arm 150, thereby extending the second folding arm 144 connected to the three-segment telescopic arm 152 to At the desired working location.
  • the nested telescopic arm 146 occupies a small space in the retracted state, which can make the boom mechanism 14 more compact and compact, and the multi-stage nested telescopic arm 146 has a shorter telescopic time and can be completed quickly in a short time
  • the fire truck 1 further includes: a water monitor 20 arranged at the end of the third folding arm 156; a water supply system arranged on the chassis 10; a pipeline system , Set on the chassis 10, one end of the pipeline system is connected to the water supply system, and the other end of the pipeline system extends along the boom mechanism and is connected to the water monitor 20.
  • the fire truck 1 can transport the water cannon 20 to the fire source through the extension boom mechanism 14 and extinguish the fire source through the high-pressure water jet emitted by the water cannon 20 , So as to achieve fire fighting operations.
  • the chassis 10 is also provided with a water supply system and a pipeline system to maintain the operation of the water monitor 20.
  • the water supply system, the pipeline system and the water monitor 20 are connected in sequence.
  • the water supply system pumps the fire fighting water into the pipeline system during operation. Finally, it is sprayed from the water cannon 20 to complete the fire fighting operation through the water cannon 20.
  • the boom mechanism 14 may also have the following expanded structure:
  • the first folding arm 142 or the second folding arm 144 can be split into multiple sub-folding arms;
  • the telescopic boom 146 includes but is not limited to three sections, and more sub-telescopic arms 146 can be added to the one-stage telescopic boom 148, the second-stage telescopic boom 150 and the three-stage telescopic boom 152;
  • the third folding arm 156 includes but is not limited to one section, and the third folding arm 156 may be composed of multiple sub-folding arms;
  • any other fire-fighting devices can be installed, such as a firefighter's platform and a solid fire-fighting agent nozzle;
  • a hydraulic motor can also be set to directly drive the rotation of the structure at both ends of the hinge point.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种消防车，消防车包括：底盘，底盘的一端设置有驾驶室；转座，设置于底盘上；臂架机构，臂架机构包括：第一折叠臂，第一折叠臂的一端与转座相铰接；第二折叠臂，第二折叠臂的一端与第一折叠臂的另一端相铰接；伸缩臂，伸缩臂的固定端与第二折叠臂的另一端相铰接；驱动机构，与臂架机构相连接，以驱动臂架机构展开或收回；其中，臂架机构处于收回状态时，第二折叠臂位于第一折叠臂上方，伸缩臂位于第二折叠臂侧方。通过将臂架机构设置为Z字形展开的臂架机构，避免了第一折叠臂，第二折叠臂和伸缩臂同时展开时的相互干涉的问题。

Description

消防车
本申请要求于2019年06月05日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910484562.0、发明名称为“消防车”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请要求于2019年06月05日提交中国专利局、申请号为201920838689.3、发明名称为“消防车”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及消防设备技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种消防车。
背景技术
现有的举高喷射消防车，其臂架形式基本上包括两种，一种是传统的采用的“伸缩+伸缩”的结构，两组伸缩臂中间采用油缸连杆机构实现变幅。但工作幅度较小，且臂架只有一个折叠关节，动作不灵活，很难实现复杂环境的高精度作业。另外一种是近年来研发的全折叠臂架举高喷射消防车，多节折叠臂架通过连杆机构进行变幅运动，但该种臂架结构复杂，消防车作业时，存在操作难度大，臂架展开时间长的技术问题。
并且，现有的举高喷射消防车中，臂架机构中的多个子臂架朝同一方向展开，展开过程中每一级臂架需等待上一级臂架转动一定角度后才可执行转动，从而浪费了大量时间，进而引起消防效率底下的技术问题。同时，现有的举高喷射消防车中，臂架机构从消防车尾部伸出，执行消防作业时，需用户调转消防车的方向或整体转动臂架机构才可以对指定方向的火源执行消防作业，进而带来准备时间过长，效率低下的技术问题。
因此，如何设计出一种工作幅度大结构简单，且展开时间短的臂架组件成为了亟待解决的技术问题。
申请内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。
为此，本申请提出了一种消防车。
有鉴于此，本申请提供了一种消防车，消防车包括：底盘，底盘的一端设置有驾驶室；转座，设置于底盘上；臂架机构，臂架机构包括：第一折叠臂，第一折叠臂的一端与转座相铰接；第二折叠臂，第二折叠臂的一端与第一折叠臂的另一端相铰接；伸缩臂，伸缩臂的固定端与第二折叠臂的另一端相铰接；驱动机构，与臂架机构相连接，以驱动臂架机构展开或收回；其中，臂架机构处于收回状态时，第二折叠臂位于第一折叠臂正上方，伸缩臂位于第二折叠臂侧方。
根据本申请提供的臂架机构，底盘为消防车的主体支撑结构，用于承载并支撑消防车上的其他结构，底盘的一端上设置有驾驶室，用户可在驾驶室内完成对消防车的操控。转座为臂架机构的底座结构，臂架机构通过转座于消防车等工程设备相连接，以带动臂架机构随转座一同转动。该臂架机构由三个部分组成：第一部分为第一折叠臂，第一折叠臂的第一端与转座相铰接，工作过程中第一折叠臂相对转座转动；第二部分为第二折叠臂，第二折叠臂的第一端与第一折叠臂的第二端相铰接，工作过程中第二折叠臂相对第一折叠臂转动；第三部分为伸缩臂，伸缩臂为长度可调节的臂架，伸缩臂的固定端与第二折叠臂的第二端相铰接，工作过程中伸缩臂相对第一折叠臂的第二端转动，并在此基础上伸长或缩短。驱动机构为臂架机构的动力结构，用于提供动力至臂架机构中，以实现臂架机构的转动。
通过设置第一折叠臂和第二折叠臂，使臂架机构通过第一折叠臂转动翻转起来后，进一步通过第二折叠臂进一步调整臂架机构的工作角度，从而加强了臂架机构的灵活性，使臂架机构可以通过第一折叠臂和第二折叠臂跨越前方的障碍物。通过设置伸缩臂，大幅度增加了臂架机构的工作覆盖范围，并且，伸缩臂在回收状态下所占空间较小，可以缩减臂架机构所占用的空间，另外伸缩臂打开速度快，有利于快速进行消防灭火。进而实现了优化臂架机构的结构，提升臂架机构灵活度，提升产品工作精准度和 可靠性的技术效果。
在此基础上，本申请还具体限定了臂架机构的空间位置。具体地，在臂架机构处于收回状态时，第二折叠臂位于第一折叠臂正上方，伸缩臂位于第二折叠臂侧方。通过限定空间位置关系，使臂架机构在展开过程中，第一折叠臂相对转座朝消防车前方转动，第二折叠臂相对第一折叠臂朝消防车后方转动，伸缩臂相对第二折叠臂朝消防车前方转动，以形成Z字形展开的臂架机构。通过将臂架机构设置为Z字形展开的臂架机构，使得臂架机构上的第一折叠臂，第二折叠臂和伸缩臂可同时开始转动，避免出现第一折叠臂，第二折叠臂和伸缩臂同时展开时的相互干涉的问题，从而缩减了臂架机构的展开时间。同时，Z字形展开的臂架机构的前端从驾驶室前方伸出，使消防车可以在驶向火源后第一时间伸出臂架机构并执行消防作业，免去了调转车头和旋转转座的工序，从而进一步缩减臂架机构的准备时间，进而实现优化臂架机构，缩减臂架机构展开时间，提升消防车工作效率，提升产品可靠性的技术效果。
具体地，现有的举高喷射消防车中，臂架机构中的多个子臂架朝同一方向展开，展开过程中每一级臂架需等待上一级臂架转动一定角度后才可执行转动，从而浪费了大量时间，进而引起消防效率底下的技术问题。同时，现有的举高喷射消防车中，臂架机构从消防车尾部伸出，执行消防作业时，需用户调转消防车的方向或整体转动臂架机构才可以对驾驶室前方的火源执行消防作业，进而带来准备时间过长，效率低下的技术问题。针对上述技术问题，本申请通过将臂架机构设置为Z字形展开，使第一折叠臂，第二折叠臂和伸缩臂可以在第一时间同时转动，从而解决了臂架机构内部相互干涉，展开时间长的技术问题。并且，本申请通过设置Z字形臂架机构前端从驾驶室前方伸出，使用户可以在不调转车头方向和整体转动臂架机构的情况下执行消防作业，从而解决了臂架机构准备时间长的技术问题。
另外，本申请提供的上述技术方案中的消防车还可以具有如下附加技术特征：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，臂架机构处于收回状态时，部分伸缩臂 位于驾驶室的正上方，伸缩臂与第二折叠臂位于同一水平面上。
在该技术方案中，对收回状态下的臂架机构的位置做出进一步限定，当臂架机构处于收回状态时，伸缩臂整体位于驾驶室上方，并且部分伸缩臂位于驾驶室的正上方，伸缩臂与第二折叠臂位于同一水平面上，从而使伸缩臂在长度方向的空间需求部分转移至驾驶室上方，以缩减消防车整体的长度需求，使同等长度的消防车可以容纳长度更长的伸缩臂，进而实现优化臂架机构，提升消防车结构紧凑度，提升消防车实用性的技术效果。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，消防车还包括：侧置机构，侧置机构包括两个相对铰接的连接端，一个连接端与第二折叠臂相连接，另一个连接端与伸缩臂相连接。
在该技术方案中，提出了一种伸缩臂侧置方法：臂架机构中还设置有侧置机构，其中，侧置机构包括两个相对铰接的连接端，两个连接端在横向或纵向上错位设置，其中一个连接端与第二折叠臂相连接，另一个连接端与伸缩臂相连接。具体地，侧置机构为相互转动连接且侧向设置的第一臂头和第二臂头组成，其中第一臂头与第二折叠臂相连接，第二臂头与伸缩臂相连接。工作过程中，第一臂头和第二臂头可相对转动，从而使第二折叠臂和伸缩臂可以侧置于同一平面上，进而有效利用臂架机构侧向的空间，降低收回状态下的臂架机构的长度方向的空间需求，以实现优化臂架机构的结构，提升臂架机构的结构紧凑度，缩减臂架机构空间需求，提升产品实用性的技术效果。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，第二折叠臂为侧向弯折的臂架结构，伸缩臂与第二折叠臂的侧置连接端相铰接。
在该技术方案中，提出了另一种伸缩臂侧置方法：通过将第二折叠臂设置为侧向弯折的臂架结构，替代了第一种伸缩臂侧置方法中的侧置机构，装配过程中，通过将伸缩臂与第二折叠臂的侧置连接端相铰接，可以省略侧置机构，简化臂架结构。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，驱动机构包括：第一油缸，第一油缸的一端与转座相铰接，第一油缸的另一端与第一折叠臂相铰接。
在该技术方案中，臂架机构中设置有第一油缸，优选的，第一油缸的 一端为油缸底座，另一端为油缸伸缩端。第一油缸的底座与转座相铰接，第一油缸的伸缩端与第一折叠臂相铰接，且第一油缸通过油路与油泵相连接。工作过程中，油泵将液压油压入第一油缸中，使第一油缸的伸缩端在油压的作用下伸出，从而带动第一折叠臂相对转座展开。对应的，当油泵将第一油缸中的液压油抽回时，第一油缸的伸缩端回缩，从而带动第一折叠臂收回与转座上。并且，油缸驱动具备承载能力强，运动平稳，等优点，使臂架机构更适用于重载场合，以实现优化臂架机构的结构，提升臂架机构运动稳定性与可靠性的技术效果。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，消防车还包括：第三折叠臂，与伸缩臂的伸缩端相铰接，第三折叠臂为二节折叠臂。
在该技术方案中，通过设置与伸缩臂的伸缩端相铰接的第三折叠臂，使臂架机构呈，折叠+伸缩+折叠的结构，臂架机构在工作过程中先通过第一折叠臂和第二折叠臂将臂架机构翻转起来，其后由伸缩臂将第三折叠臂探出，最后通过第三折叠臂调整工作位置和工作角度。从而使臂架机构可以通过调整角跨越臂架机构前方的障碍物，并且使得臂架机构末端所连接的工作设备可以通过第三折叠臂的转动来调整工作角度，从而使臂架机构可以携带设备执行角度和方位更加精密的工作，进而实现优化臂架机构，提升臂架机构灵活度和跨越障碍的能力，拓宽臂架机构的伸展覆盖范围，提升产品工作精准性与可靠性的技术效果。
第三折叠臂为二节折叠臂，通过将第三折叠臂设置为二节折叠臂，提升了第三折叠臂的灵活度，使第三折叠臂可以更加灵活方便的跨过障碍物执行消防工作，同时还可以使第三折叠臂的工作覆盖范围进一步扩大，进而实现优化第三折叠臂结构，提升臂架机构工作灵活度和覆盖范围，提升产品工作可靠性的技术效果。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，在收回状态下，第一折叠臂、第二折叠臂、伸缩臂和第三折叠臂的至少一段相互平行。
在该技术方案中，当臂架机构处于收回状态时，第一折叠臂旋转至水平位置，相对的，第二折叠臂，伸缩臂和第三折叠臂同样通过翻转调整至水平位置，使臂架机构在通过折叠缩减长度的基础上通过水平叠置尽量缩 减臂架机构在收回状态下横向和纵向上的空间需求，从而使臂架机构更加精巧紧凑，进而实现优化臂架机构的结构，缩减臂架机构空间需求，提升产品实用性的技术效果。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，驱动机构还包括：第一杆组，第一杆组包括：第一杆件，第一杆件的一端与第一折叠臂的另一端相铰接；第二杆件，第二杆件的一端与第二折叠臂的一端相铰接，第二杆件的另一端与第一杆件的另一端相铰接；第二油缸，第二油缸的一端与第一折叠臂相铰接，第二油缸的另一端与第一杆件相铰接；第二杆组，第二杆组包括：第三杆件，第三杆件的一端与伸缩臂的固定端相铰接；第四杆件，第四杆件的一端与第二折叠臂的另一端相铰接，第四杆件的另一端与第三杆件的另一端相铰接；第三油缸，第三油缸的一端与伸缩臂的固定端相铰接，第三油缸的另一端与第三杆件相铰接；第三杆组，第三杆组包括：第五杆件，第五杆件的一端与伸缩臂的伸缩端相铰接；第六杆件，第六杆件的一端与第三折叠臂相铰接，第六杆件的另一端与第五杆件的另一端相铰接；第四油缸，第四油缸的一端与第三折叠臂相铰接，第四油缸的另一端与第五杆件相铰接；其中，第一折叠臂和第二折叠臂的铰接点与第一杆件和第一折叠臂的铰接点不重合；第一折叠臂和第二折叠臂的铰接点与第二杆件和第二折叠臂的铰接点不重合；第二折叠臂和伸缩臂的铰接点与第三杆件和伸缩臂的铰接点不重合；第二折叠臂和伸缩臂的铰接点与第四杆件和第二折叠臂的铰接点不重合；伸缩臂和第三折叠臂的铰接点与第五杆件和伸缩臂的铰接点不重合；伸缩臂和第三折叠臂的铰接点与第六杆件和第三折叠臂的铰接点不重合。
在该技术方案中，驱动机构还包括第一杆组和第二油缸，优选的，第二油缸的一端为油缸底座，另一端为油缸伸缩端。其中，第一杆组由第一杆件和第二杆件组成，第一杆件上设置有三个铰接点，第二杆件上设置有两个铰接点。装配过程中，第一杆件的第一个铰接点与第一折叠臂相铰接，该铰接点与第一折叠臂和第二折叠臂的铰接点不重合；第二杆件的第一个铰接点与第二折叠臂相铰接，该铰接点同样与第一折叠臂和第二折叠臂的铰接点不重合；第一杆件的第二个铰接点与第二杆件的第二个铰接点相铰 接。从而通过第一杆件、第二杆件、第一杆件与第一折叠臂的铰接点和第一折叠臂和第二折叠臂的铰接点之间的间隔、第二杆件与第二折叠臂的铰接点和第一折叠臂和第二折叠臂的铰接点之间的间隔，形成一组四连杆机构。在此基础上，第二油缸的底座与第一折叠臂相铰接，第二油缸的伸缩端与第一杆件的第三个铰接点相铰接。工作过程中，油泵将液压油泵送至第二油缸内，第二油缸的伸缩端在油压下伸出，以推动第一杆件和第二杆件转动，在上述四连杆机构的作用下，第二折叠臂从与第一折叠臂相平行的位置展开至所需的工作角度，进而实现了第二折叠臂相对第一折叠臂的展开和折叠，并实现了优化臂架机构的结构，提升臂架机构灵活度，缩减臂架机构占用空间，提升产品可靠性与实用性的技术效果。
驱动机构还包括第二杆组和第三油缸，优选的，第三油缸的一端为油缸底座，另一端为油缸伸缩端。其中，第二杆组由第三杆件和第四杆件组成，第三杆件上设置有三个铰接点，第四杆件上设置有两个铰接点。装配过程中，第三杆件的第一个铰接点与伸缩臂相铰接，该铰接点与第二折叠臂和伸缩臂的铰接点不重合；第四杆件的第一个铰接点与第二折叠臂相铰接，该铰接点同样与第二折叠臂和伸缩臂的铰接点不重合；第三杆件的第二个铰接点与第四杆件的第二个铰接点相铰接。从而通过第三杆件、第四杆件、第三杆件与伸缩臂的铰接点和第二折叠臂和伸缩臂的铰接点之间的间隔、第四杆件与第二折叠臂的铰接点和第二折叠臂和伸缩臂的铰接点之间的间隔，形成一组四连杆机构。在此基础上，第三油缸的底座与伸缩臂相铰接，第三油缸的伸缩端与第三杆件的第三个铰接点相铰接。工作过程中，油泵将液压油泵送至第三油缸内，第三油缸的伸缩端在油压下伸出，以推动第三杆件和第四杆件转动，在上述四连杆机构的作用下，伸缩臂从与第二折叠臂相平行的位置展开至所需的工作角度，进而实现了伸缩臂相对第二折叠臂的展开和折叠，并实现了优化臂架机构的结构，提升臂架机构灵活度，缩减臂架机构占用空间，提升产品可靠性与实用性的技术效果。
驱动机构还包括第三杆组和第四油缸，优选的，第四油缸的一端为油缸底座，另一端为油缸伸缩端。其中，第三杆组由第五杆件和第六杆件组成，第五杆件上设置有三个铰接点，第六杆件上设置有两个铰接点。装配 过程中，第五杆件的第一个铰接点与伸缩臂相铰接，该铰接点与伸缩臂和第三折叠臂的铰接点不重合；第六杆件的第一个铰接点与第三折叠臂相铰接，该铰接点同样与伸缩臂和第三折叠臂的铰接点不重合；第五杆件的第二个铰接点与第六杆件的第二个铰接点相铰接。从而通过第五杆件、第六杆件、第五杆件与伸缩臂的铰接点和伸缩臂和第三折叠臂的铰接点之间的间隔、第六杆件与第三折叠臂的铰接点和伸缩臂和第三折叠臂的铰接点之间的间隔，形成一组四连杆机构。在此基础上，第四油缸的底座与第三折叠臂相铰接，第四油缸的伸缩端与第五杆件的第三个铰接点相铰接。工作过程中，油泵将液压油泵送至第四油缸内，第四油缸的伸缩端在油压下伸出，以推动第五杆件和第六杆件转动，在上述四连杆机构的作用下，第三折叠臂从与伸缩臂相平行的位置展开至所需的工作角度，进而实现了第三折叠臂相对伸缩臂的展开和折叠，并实现了优化臂架机构的结构，提升臂架机构灵活度，缩减臂架机构占用空间，提升产品可靠性与实用性的技术效果。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，伸缩臂为两节伸缩臂或三节伸缩臂。
在该技术方案中，伸缩臂为两节伸缩臂或三节伸缩臂。以三节伸缩臂为例，具体地，伸缩臂由一段伸缩臂，二段伸缩臂和三段伸缩臂组成。一段伸缩臂为伸缩臂的主体结构，其一段与第二子折叠臂相铰接，整体为内内部包含腔体的管状结构。二段伸缩臂同为内部设置有腔体的管状结构，其设置于一段折叠臂的腔体内。三段折叠臂设置于而段折叠臂的腔体中。当伸缩臂未伸长时，二段伸缩臂位于一段伸缩臂的腔体内，三段伸缩臂位于二段伸缩臂的腔体内；当伸缩臂伸长时，二段伸缩臂沿一段折叠臂的腔体延伸方向伸出，三段伸缩臂沿二段伸缩臂的腔体延伸方向伸出，从而将与三段伸缩臂相连接的第二折叠臂延伸至所需的工作位置处。嵌套式的伸缩臂在收回状态下所占的空间较小，可以使臂架机构更加精巧紧凑，并且多段的嵌套式伸缩臂的伸缩时长较短，可在短时间内快速完成指定工作，以节省伸缩时间，进而实现了优化臂架机构，提升伸缩臂工作效率，提升产品结构紧凑度，提升产品工作可靠性的技术效果。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，消防车还包括：水炮，设置于第三 折叠臂的末端；供水系统，设置于底盘上；管路系统，设置于底盘上，管路系统的一端与供水系统相连接，管路系统的另一端沿所述臂架机构延伸并与水炮相连接。
在该技术方案中，通过在第三折叠臂设置水炮，使消防车可以通过伸展臂架机构将水炮运送至火源处并通过水炮射出的高压水柱扑灭火源，从而实现消防作业。其中，底盘上还设置有维持水炮工作的供水系统和管路系统，供水系统、管路系统和水炮依次相连，工作过程中供水系统将消防用水泵送至管路系统中，并最终从水炮处喷出，以通过水炮完成消防作业。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述部分中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1示出了根据本申请的一个实施例提供的消防车的结构示意图；
图2示出了根据本申请的另一个实施例提供的消防车的结构示意图；
图3示出了如图2所示实施例提供的消防车的俯视图；
图4示出了根据本申请的一个实施例提供的第一杆组的结构示意图；
图5示出了根据本申请的一个实施例提供的第二杆组的结构示意图；
图6示出了根据本申请的一个实施例提供的第三杆组的结构示意图；
图7示出了如图1所示实施例提供的偏置机构的结构示意图；
图8示出了如图7所示实施例提供的偏置机构的仰视图。
其中，图1至图8中附图标记与部件名称之间的对应关系为：
1消防车，10底盘，102驾驶室，12转座，14臂架机构，142第一折叠臂，144第二折叠臂，146伸缩臂，148一段伸缩臂，150二段伸缩臂，152三段伸缩臂，154侧置机构，156第三折叠臂，162第一油缸，164第一杆组，166第一杆件，168第二杆件，170第二油缸，172第二杆组，174第三杆件，176第四杆件，178第三油缸，180第三杆组，182第五杆件，184第六杆件，186第四油缸，20水炮。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本申请的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本申请进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本申请，但是，本申请还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本申请的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
下面参照图1至图8描述根据本申请一些实施例的消防车1。
有鉴于此，根据本申请的实施例，如图1所示，提出了一种消防车1，消防车1包括：底盘10，底盘10的一端设置有驾驶室102；转座12，设置于底盘10上；臂架机构14，臂架机构14包括：第一折叠臂142，第一折叠臂142的一端与转座12相铰接；第二折叠臂144，第二折叠臂144的一端与第一折叠臂142的另一端相铰接；伸缩臂146，伸缩臂146的固定端与第二折叠臂144的另一端相铰接；驱动机构，与臂架机构14相连接，以驱动臂架机构14展开或收回；其中，臂架机构14处于收回状态时，第二折叠臂144位于第一折叠臂142正上方，伸缩臂146位于第二折叠臂144侧方。
根据本申请提供的臂架机构14，底盘10为消防车1的主体支撑结构，用于承载并支撑消防车1上的其他结构，底盘10的一端上设置有驾驶室102，用户可在驾驶室102内完成对消防车1的操控。转座12为臂架机构14的底座结构，臂架机构14通过转座12于消防车1等工程设备相连接，以带动臂架机构14随转座12一同转动。该臂架机构14由三个部分组成：第一部分为第一折叠臂142，第一折叠臂142的第一端与转座12相铰接，工作过程中第一折叠臂142相对转座12转动；第二部分为第二折叠臂144，第二折叠臂144的第一端与第一折叠臂142的第二端相铰接，工作过程中第二折叠臂144相对第一折叠臂142转动；第三部分为伸缩臂146，伸缩臂146为长度可调节的臂架，伸缩臂146的固定端与第二折叠臂144的第二端相铰接，工作过程中伸缩臂146相对第一折叠臂142的第二端转动， 并在此基础上伸长或缩短。驱动机构为臂架机构14的动力结构，用于提供动力至臂架机构14中，以实现臂架机构14的转动。
通过设置第一折叠臂142和第二折叠臂144，使臂架机构14通过第一折叠臂142转动翻转起来后，进一步通过第二折叠臂144进一步调整臂架机构14的工作角度，从而加强了臂架机构14的灵活性，使臂架机构14可以通过第一折叠臂142和第二折叠臂144跨越前方的障碍物。通过设置伸缩臂146，大幅度增加了臂架机构14的工作覆盖范围，并且，伸缩臂146在回收状态下所占空间较小，可以缩减臂架机构14所占用的空间，另外伸缩臂打开速度快，有利于快速进行消防灭火。进而实现了优化臂架机构14的结构，提升臂架机构14灵活度，提升产品工作精准度和可靠性的技术效果。
在此基础上，本申请还具体限定了臂架机构14的空间位置。具体地，在臂架机构14处于收回状态时，第二折叠臂144位于第一折叠臂142正上方，伸缩臂146位于第二折叠臂144侧方。通过限定空间位置关系，使臂架机构14在展开过程中，第一折叠臂142相对转座12朝消防车1前方转动，第二折叠臂144相对第一折叠臂142朝消防车1后方转动，伸缩臂146相对第二折叠臂144朝消防车1前方转动，以形成Z字形展开的臂架机构14。通过将臂架机构14设置为Z字形展开的臂架机构14，使得臂架机构14上的第一折叠臂142，第二折叠臂144和伸缩臂146可同时开始转动，避免出现第一折叠臂142，第二折叠臂144和伸缩臂146同时展开时的相互干涉的问题，从而缩减了臂架机构14的展开时间。同时，Z字形展开的臂架机构14的前端从驾驶室102前方伸出，使消防车1可以在驶向火源后第一时间伸出臂架机构14并执行消防作业，免去了调转车头和旋转转座12的工序，从而进一步缩减臂架机构14的准备时间，进而实现优化臂架机构14，缩减臂架机构14展开时间，提升消防车1工作效率，提升产品可靠性的技术效果。
具体地，现有的举高喷射消防车中，臂架机构中的多个子臂架朝同一方向展开，展开过程中每一级臂架需等待上一级臂架转动一定角度后才可执行转动，从而浪费了大量时间，进而引起消防效率底下的技术问题。同 时，现有的举高喷射消防车中，臂架机构从消防车尾部伸出，执行消防作业时，需用户调转消防车的方向或整体转动臂架机构才可以对驾驶室前方的火源执行消防作业，进而带来准备时间过长，效率低下的技术问题。针对上述技术问题，本申请通过将臂架机构14设置为Z字形展开，使第一折叠臂142，第二折叠臂144和伸缩臂146可以在第一时间同时转动，从而解决了臂架机构14内部相互干涉，展开时间长的技术问题。并且，本申请通过设置Z字形臂架机构14前端从驾驶室102前方伸出，使用户可以在不调转车头方向和整体转动臂架机构14的情况下执行消防作业，从而解决了臂架机构14准备时间长的技术问题。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，如图2和图3所示，臂架机构14处于收回状态时，部分伸缩臂146位于驾驶室102的正上方，伸缩臂146与第二折叠臂144位于同一水平面上。
在该实施例中，对收回状态下的臂架机构14的位置做出进一步限定，当臂架机构14处于收回状态时，伸缩臂146整体位于驾驶室102上方，并且部分伸缩臂146位于驾驶室102的正上方，伸缩臂146与第二折叠臂144位于同一水平面上，从而使伸缩臂146在长度方向的空间需求部分转移至驾驶室102上方，以缩减消防车1整体的长度需求，使同等长度的消防车1可以容纳长度更长的伸缩臂146，进而实现优化臂架机构14，提升消防车1结构紧凑度，提升消防车1实用性的技术效果。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，如图7和图8所示，消防车1还包括：侧置机构154，侧置机构154包括两个相对铰接的连接端，一个连接端与第二折叠臂144相连接，另一个连接端与伸缩臂146相连接。
在该实施例中，提出了一种伸缩臂侧置方法：臂架机构14中还设置有侧置机构154，其中，侧置机构154包括两个相对铰接的连接端，两个连接端在横向或纵向上错位设置，其中一个连接端与第二折叠臂144相连接，另一个连接端与伸缩臂146相连接。具体地，侧置机构154为相互转动连接且侧向设置的第一臂头和第二臂头组成，其中第一臂头与第二折叠臂144相连接，第二臂头与伸缩臂146相连接。工作过程中，第一臂头和第二臂头可相对转动，从而使第二折叠臂144和伸缩臂146可以侧置于同一平面 上，进而有效利用臂架机构14侧向的空间，降低收回状态下的臂架机构14的长度方向的空间需求，以实现优化臂架机构14的结构，提升臂架机构14的结构紧凑度，缩减臂架机构14空间需求，提升产品实用性的技术效果。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，第二折叠臂144为侧向弯折的臂架结构，伸缩臂146与第二折叠臂144的侧置连接端相铰接。
在该实施例中，提出了另一种伸缩臂146侧置方法：通过将第二折叠臂144设置为侧向弯折的臂架结构，替代了第一种伸缩臂146侧置方法中的侧置机构154，装配过程中，通过将伸缩臂146与第二折叠臂144的侧置连接端相铰接，可以省略侧置机构154，简化臂架结构。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，如图1所示，驱动机构包括：第一油缸162，第一油缸162的一端与转座12相铰接，第一油缸162的另一端与第一折叠臂142相铰接。
在该实施例中，臂架机构14中设置有第一油缸162，优选的，第一油缸162的一端为油缸底座，另一端为油缸伸缩端。第一油缸162的底座与转座12相铰接，第一油缸162的伸缩端与第一折叠臂142相铰接，且第一油缸162通过油路与油泵相连接。工作过程中，油泵将液压油压入第一油缸162中，使第一油缸162的伸缩端在油压的作用下伸出，从而带动第一折叠臂142相对转座12展开。对应的，当油泵将第一油缸162中的液压油抽回时，第一油缸162的伸缩端回缩，从而带动第一折叠臂142收回与转座12上。并且，油缸驱动具备承载能力强，运动平稳，等优点，使臂架机构14更适用于重载场合，以实现优化臂架机构14的结构，提升臂架机构14运动稳定性与可靠性的技术效果。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，如图1所示，消防车1还包括：第三折叠臂156，与伸缩臂146的伸缩端相铰接，第三折叠臂156为二节折叠臂。
在该实施例中，通过设置与伸缩臂146的伸缩端相铰接的第三折叠臂156，使臂架机构14呈，折叠+伸缩+折叠的结构，臂架机构14在工作过程中先通过第一折叠臂142和第二折叠臂144将臂架机构14翻转起来，其后 由伸缩臂146将第三折叠臂156探出，最后通过第三折叠臂156调整工作位置和工作角度。从而使臂架机构14可以通过调整角跨越臂架机构14前方的障碍物，并且使得臂架机构14末端所连接的工作设备可以通过第三折叠臂156的转动来调整工作角度，从而使臂架机构14可以携带设备执行角度和方位更加精密的工作，进而实现优化臂架机构14，提升臂架机构14灵活度和跨越障碍的能力，拓宽臂架机构14的伸展覆盖范围，提升产品工作精准性与可靠性的技术效果。
第三折叠臂156为二节折叠臂，通过将第三折叠臂156设置为二节折叠臂，提升了第三折叠臂156的灵活度，使第三折叠臂156可以更加灵活方便的跨过障碍物执行消防工作，同时还可以使第三折叠臂156的工作覆盖范围进一步扩大，进而实现优化第三折叠臂156结构，提升臂架机构14工作灵活度和覆盖范围，提升产品工作可靠性的技术效果。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，如图2和图3所示，在收回状态下，第一折叠臂142、第二折叠臂144、伸缩臂146和第三折叠臂156的至少一段相互平行。
在该实施例中，当臂架机构14处于收回状态时，第一折叠臂142旋转至水平位置，相对的，第二折叠臂144，伸缩臂146和第三折叠臂156同样通过翻转调整至水平位置，使臂架机构14在通过折叠缩减长度的基础上通过水平叠置尽量缩减臂架机构14在收回状态下横向和纵向上的空间需求，从而使臂架机构14更加精巧紧凑，进而实现优化臂架机构14的结构，缩减臂架机构14空间需求，提升产品实用性的技术效果。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，如图4图5和图6所示，驱动机构还包括：第一杆组164，第一杆组164包括：第一杆件166，第一杆件166的一端与第一折叠臂142的另一端相铰接；第二杆件168，第二杆件168的一端与第二折叠臂144的一端相铰接，第二杆件168的另一端与第一杆件166的另一端相铰接；第二油缸170，第二油缸170的一端与第一折叠臂142相铰接，第二油缸170的另一端与第一杆件166相铰接；第二杆组172，第二杆组172包括：第三杆件174，第三杆件174的一端与伸缩臂146的固定端相铰接；第四杆件176，第四杆件176的一端与第二折叠 臂144的另一端相铰接，第四杆件176的另一端与第三杆件174的另一端相铰接；第三油缸178，第三油缸178的一端与伸缩臂146的固定端相铰接，第三油缸178的另一端与第三杆件174相铰接；第三杆组180，第三杆组180包括：第五杆件182，第五杆件182的一端与伸缩臂146的伸缩端相铰接；第六杆件184，第六杆件184的一端与第三折叠臂156相铰接，第六杆件184的另一端与第五杆件182的另一端相铰接；第四油缸186，第四油缸186的一端与第三折叠臂156相铰接，第四油缸186的另一端与第五杆件182相铰接；其中，第一折叠臂142和第二折叠臂144的铰接点与第一杆件166和第一折叠臂142的铰接点不重合；第一折叠臂142和第二折叠臂144的铰接点与第二杆件168和第二折叠臂144的铰接点不重合；第二折叠臂144和伸缩臂146的铰接点与第三杆件174和伸缩臂146的铰接点不重合；第二折叠臂144和伸缩臂146的铰接点与第四杆件176和第二折叠臂144的铰接点不重合；伸缩臂146和第三折叠臂156的铰接点与第五杆件182和伸缩臂146的铰接点不重合；伸缩臂146和第三折叠臂156的铰接点与第六杆件184和第三折叠臂156的铰接点不重合。
在该实施例中，驱动机构还包括第一杆组164和第二油缸170，优选的，第二油缸170的一端为油缸底座，另一端为油缸伸缩端。其中，第一杆组164由第一杆件166和第二杆件168组成，第一杆件166上设置有三个铰接点，第二杆件168上设置有两个铰接点。装配过程中，第一杆件166的第一个铰接点与第一折叠臂142相铰接，该铰接点与第一折叠臂142和第二折叠臂144的铰接点不重合；第二杆件168的第一个铰接点与第二折叠臂144相铰接，该铰接点同样与第一折叠臂142和第二折叠臂144的铰接点不重合；第一杆件166的第二个铰接点与第二杆件168的第二个铰接点相铰接。从而通过第一杆件166、第二杆件168、第一杆件166与第一折叠臂142的铰接点和第一折叠臂142和第二折叠臂144的铰接点之间的间隔、第二杆件168与第二折叠臂144的铰接点和第一折叠臂142和第二折叠臂144的铰接点之间的间隔，形成一组四连杆机构。在此基础上，第二油缸170的底座与第一折叠臂142相铰接，第二油缸170的伸缩端与第一杆件166的第三个铰接点相铰接。工作过程中，油泵将液压油泵送至第二 油缸170内，第二油缸170的伸缩端在油压下伸出，以推动第一杆件166和第二杆件168转动，在上述四连杆机构的作用下，第二折叠臂144从与第一折叠臂142相平行的位置展开至所需的工作角度，进而实现了第二折叠臂144相对第一折叠臂142的展开和折叠，并实现了优化臂架机构14的结构，提升臂架机构14灵活度，缩减臂架机构14占用空间，提升产品可靠性与实用性的技术效果。
驱动机构还包括第二杆组172和第三油缸178，优选的，第三油缸178的一端为油缸底座，另一端为油缸伸缩端。其中，第二杆组172由第三杆件174和第四杆件176组成，第三杆件174上设置有三个铰接点，第四杆件176上设置有两个铰接点。装配过程中，第三杆件174的第一个铰接点与伸缩臂146相铰接，该铰接点与第二折叠臂144和伸缩臂146的铰接点不重合；第四杆件176的第一个铰接点与第二折叠臂144相铰接，该铰接点同样与第二折叠臂144和伸缩臂146的铰接点不重合；第三杆件174的第二个铰接点与第四杆件176的第二个铰接点相铰接。从而通过第三杆件174、第四杆件176、第三杆件174与伸缩臂146的铰接点和第二折叠臂144和伸缩臂146的铰接点之间的间隔、第四杆件176与第二折叠臂144的铰接点和第二折叠臂144和伸缩臂146的铰接点之间的间隔，形成一组四连杆机构。在此基础上，第三油缸178的底座与伸缩臂146相铰接，第三油缸178的伸缩端与第三杆件174的第三个铰接点相铰接。工作过程中，油泵将液压油泵送至第三油缸178内，第三油缸178的伸缩端在油压下伸出，以推动第三杆件174和第四杆件176转动，在上述四连杆机构的作用下，伸缩臂146从与第二折叠臂144相平行的位置展开至所需的工作角度，进而实现了伸缩臂146相对第二折叠臂144的展开和折叠，并实现了优化臂架机构14的结构，提升臂架机构14灵活度，缩减臂架机构14占用空间，提升产品可靠性与实用性的技术效果。
驱动机构还包括第三杆组180和第四油缸186，优选的，第四油缸186的一端为油缸底座，另一端为油缸伸缩端。其中，第三杆组180由第五杆件182和第六杆件184组成，第五杆件182上设置有三个铰接点，第六杆件184上设置有两个铰接点。装配过程中，第五杆件182的第一个铰接点 与伸缩臂146相铰接，该铰接点与伸缩臂146和第三折叠臂156的铰接点不重合；第六杆件184的第一个铰接点与第三折叠臂156相铰接，该铰接点同样与伸缩臂146和第三折叠臂156的铰接点不重合；第五杆件182的第二个铰接点与第六杆件184的第二个铰接点相铰接。从而通过第五杆件182、第六杆件184、第五杆件182与伸缩臂146的铰接点和伸缩臂146和第三折叠臂156的铰接点之间的间隔、第六杆件184与第三折叠臂156的铰接点和伸缩臂146和第三折叠臂156的铰接点之间的间隔，形成一组四连杆机构。在此基础上，第四油缸186的底座与第三折叠臂156相铰接，第四油缸186的伸缩端与第五杆件182的第三个铰接点相铰接。工作过程中，油泵将液压油泵送至第四油缸186内，第四油缸186的伸缩端在油压下伸出，以推动第五杆件182和第六杆件184转动，在上述四连杆机构的作用下，第三折叠臂156从与伸缩臂146相平行的位置展开至所需的工作角度，进而实现了第三折叠臂156相对伸缩臂146的展开和折叠，并实现了优化臂架机构14的结构，提升臂架机构14灵活度，缩减臂架机构14占用空间，提升产品可靠性与实用性的技术效果。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，如图1所示，伸缩臂146为两节伸缩臂或三节伸缩臂。
在该实施例中，伸缩臂146为两节伸缩臂或三节伸缩臂146。以三节伸缩臂为例，具体地，伸缩臂146由一段伸缩臂148，二段伸缩臂150和三段伸缩臂152组成。一段伸缩臂148为伸缩臂146的主体结构，其一段与第二子折叠臂相铰接，整体为内内部包含腔体的管状结构。二段伸缩臂150同为内部设置有腔体的管状结构，其设置于一段折叠臂的腔体内。三段折叠臂设置于而段折叠臂的腔体中。当伸缩臂146未伸长时，二段伸缩臂150位于一段伸缩臂148的腔体内，三段伸缩臂152位于二段伸缩臂150的腔体内；当伸缩臂146伸长时，二段伸缩臂150沿一段折叠臂的腔体延伸方向伸出，三段伸缩臂152沿二段伸缩臂150的腔体延伸方向伸出，从而将与三段伸缩臂152相连接的第二折叠臂144延伸至所需的工作位置处。嵌套式的伸缩臂146在收回状态下所占的空间较小，可以使臂架机构14更加精巧紧凑，并且多段的嵌套式伸缩臂146的伸缩时长较短，可在短时间 内快速完成指定工作，以节省伸缩时间，进而实现了优化臂架机构14，提升伸缩臂146工作效率，提升产品结构紧凑度，提升产品工作可靠性的技术效果。
在本申请的一个实施例中，优选地，如图1所示，消防车1还包括：水炮20，设置于第三折叠臂156的末端；供水系统，设置于底盘10上；管路系统，设置于底盘10上，管路系统的一端与供水系统相连接，管路系统的另一端沿所述臂架机构延伸并与水炮20相连接。
在该实施例中，通过在第三折叠臂156设置水炮20，使消防车1可以通过伸展臂架机构14将水炮20运送至火源处并通过水炮20射出的高压水柱扑灭火源，从而实现消防作业。其中，底盘10上还设置有维持水炮20工作的供水系统和管路系统，供水系统、管路系统和水炮20依次相连，工作过程中供水系统将消防用水泵送至管路系统中，并最终从水炮20处喷出，以通过水炮20完成消防作业。
在本申请的一个具体实施例中，臂架机构14还可以有如下拓展结构：
1)可以在第一折叠臂142和第二折叠臂144的空间布置基础上，将第一折叠臂142或第二折叠臂144拆分为多个子折叠臂；
2)伸缩臂146包括但不限于三节，可以在一段伸缩臂148、二段伸缩臂150和三段伸缩臂152的基础上增设更多级的子伸缩臂146；
3)第三折叠臂156包括但不限于一节，第三折叠臂156可以由多个子折叠臂组成；
4)第三折叠臂156的末端除安装水炮20外，还可以安装其他任意消防装置，例如：消防员云台和固态消防剂喷嘴；
5)出方案中阐述的油缸和杆组的驱动机构外，还可以设置液压马达来直接带动铰接点两端的结构转动。
在本申请中，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；“相连”可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本说明书的描述中，术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“具体实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或实例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种消防车，其中，所述消防车包括：
    底盘，所述底盘的一端设置有驾驶室；
    转座，设置于所述底盘上；
    臂架机构，所述臂架机构包括：
    第一折叠臂，所述第一折叠臂的一端与所述转座相铰接；
    第二折叠臂，所述第二折叠臂的一端与所述第一折叠臂的另一端相铰接；
    伸缩臂，所述伸缩臂的固定端与所述第二折叠臂的另一端相铰接；
    驱动机构，与所述臂架机构相连接，以驱动所述臂架机构展开或收回；
    其中，所述臂架机构处于收回状态时，所述第二折叠臂位于所述第一折叠臂上方，所述伸缩臂位于所述第二折叠臂侧方。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的消防车，其中，所述臂架机构处于收回状态时，部分所述伸缩臂位于所述驾驶室的正上方，所述伸缩臂与所述第二折叠臂位于同一水平面上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的消防车，其中，还包括：
    侧置机构，所述侧置机构包括两个相对铰接的连接端，一个所述连接端与所述第二折叠臂相连接，另一个所述连接端与所述伸缩臂相连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的消防车，其中，所述第二折叠臂为侧向弯折的臂架结构，所述伸缩臂与所述第二折叠臂的侧置连接端相铰接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的消防车，其中，所述驱动机构包括：
    第一油缸，所述第一油缸的底座与所述转座相铰接，所述第一油缸的伸缩端与所述第一折叠臂相铰接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的消防车，其中，还包括：
    第三折叠臂，与所述伸缩臂的伸缩端相铰接，所述第三折叠臂为二节折叠臂。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的消防车，其中，在收回状态下，所述第一折叠臂、所述第二折叠臂、所述伸缩臂和所述第三折叠臂的至少一段相互平 行。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的消防车，其中，所述驱动机构还包括：
    第一杆组，所述第一杆组包括：
    第一杆件，所述第一杆件的一端与所述第一折叠臂的另一端相铰接；
    第二杆件，所述第二杆件的一端与所述第二折叠臂的一端相铰接，所述第二杆件的另一端与所述第一杆件的另一端相铰接；
    第二油缸，所述第二油缸的底座与所述第一折叠臂相铰接，所述第二油缸的伸缩端与所述第一杆件相铰接；
    第二杆组，所述第二杆组包括：
    第三杆件，所述第三杆件的一端与所述伸缩臂的固定端相铰接；
    第四杆件，所述第四杆件的一端与所述第二折叠臂的另一端相铰接，所述第四杆件的另一端与所述第三杆件的另一端相铰接；
    第三油缸，所述第三油缸的底座与所述伸缩臂的固定端相铰接，所述第三油缸的伸缩端与所述第三杆件相铰接；
    第三杆组，所述第三杆组包括：
    第五杆件，所述第五杆件的一端与所述伸缩臂的伸缩端相铰接；
    第六杆件，所述第六杆件的一端与所述第三折叠臂相铰接，所述第六杆件的另一端与所述第五杆件的另一端相铰接；
    其中，所述第一折叠臂和所述第二折叠臂的铰接点与所述第一杆件和所述第一折叠臂的铰接点不重合；
    所述第一折叠臂和所述第二折叠臂的铰接点与所述第二杆件和所述第二折叠臂的铰接点不重合；
    所述第二折叠臂和所述伸缩臂的铰接点与所述第三杆件和所述伸缩臂的铰接点不重合；
    所述第二折叠臂和所述伸缩臂的铰接点与所述第四杆件和所述第二折叠臂的铰接点不重合；
    所述伸缩臂和所述第三折叠臂的铰接点与所述第五杆件和所述伸缩臂的铰接点不重合；
    所述伸缩臂和所述第三折叠臂的铰接点与所述第六杆件和所述第三折叠臂的铰接点不重合。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的消防车，其中，所述伸缩臂为两节伸缩臂或三节伸缩臂。
  10. 根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的消防车，其中，还包括：
    水炮，设置于所述第三折叠臂的末端；
    供水系统，设置于所述底盘上；
    管路系统，设置于所述底盘上，所述管路系统的一端与所述供水系统相连接，所述管路系统的另一端沿所述臂架机构延伸并与所述水炮相连接。
PCT/CN2019/093571 2019-06-05 2019-06-28 消防车 WO2020244008A1 (zh)

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