WO2020237910A1 - 一种防松螺杆螺母组件 - Google Patents

一种防松螺杆螺母组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020237910A1
WO2020237910A1 PCT/CN2019/105940 CN2019105940W WO2020237910A1 WO 2020237910 A1 WO2020237910 A1 WO 2020237910A1 CN 2019105940 W CN2019105940 W CN 2019105940W WO 2020237910 A1 WO2020237910 A1 WO 2020237910A1
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Prior art keywords
nut
screw
thread
groove
protrusion
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PCT/CN2019/105940
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张光华
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深圳市南帝自行车有限公司
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Publication of WO2020237910A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020237910A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
    • F16B35/04—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws with specially-shaped head or shaft in order to fix the bolt on or in an object
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/02—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down
    • F16B39/12—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts
    • F16B39/16—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down by means of locknuts in which the screw-thread of the locknut differs from that of the nut

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of fasteners, and in particular relates to an anti-loosening screw nut assembly.
  • a self-locking nut is a nut that can lock itself by friction. Normal nuts will loosen due to vibration and other reasons during use. To prevent this phenomenon, self-locking nuts were invented.
  • the main function of the self-locking nut is to prevent loosening and vibration. Its working principle is generally self-locking by friction.
  • the types of self-locking nuts classified according to their functions include nylon-embedded, neck-closed, and metal anti-loosening devices.
  • the Chinese patent application number 201811651537.9 discloses a tapered wedge locking fastener, including a screw head, a screw and a nut.
  • the side wall of the screw includes at least one rectangular limiting edge, and the screw is matched with An anti-rotation fixing cap that matches the screw, a cylindrical cavity is opened on one end of the fixing cap, and one end of the nut is provided with a cone-shaped tightening head; the outer side wall of the cone-shaped tightening head corresponds to The minimum cross-sectional circle radius is smaller than the cylindrical cavity radius, and the maximum cross-sectional circle radius corresponding to the outer side wall of the cone-shaped pressing head is greater than the cylindrical cavity radius.
  • the Chinese patent application with the application number CN01135493.3 discloses a lock nut assembly, which includes an upper nut and a lower nut.
  • One of the two nuts has a protruding part surrounding a threaded hole, and its shape is similar to that of the other.
  • the nut is fitted around a recessed portion formed by its threaded hole.
  • the protruding portion of a nut has a gradually reduced outer periphery, and its diameter gradually decreases toward the other nut in the axial direction.
  • the outer periphery of the protruding portion One of the inner peripheral edge of the rim and the recessed portion is formed slightly eccentric with respect to the corresponding threaded hole, and the other of the two outer peripheral edges is formed coaxially with the corresponding threaded hole, wherein the upper nut includes at least one transverse lug, the The lug protrudes laterally from the upper nut to abut against the lower end of a tightening tool, and the shape of the lug is designed so that its rotation angle can be seen with the naked eye.
  • the anti-loosening nut provided in the prior art may have a loosening problem during use.
  • the present invention provides an anti-loosening screw nut assembly that can almost absolutely prevent loosening.
  • the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:
  • An anti-loosening screw and nut assembly which includes a screw, a first nut and a second nut;
  • the screw is provided with a first thread and a second thread, wherein the helix directions of the first thread and the second thread are opposite, along the axis of the screw, the first thread and the second thread are arranged in sequence, and the first thread is close to the end of the screw
  • the outer diameter of the first thread is smaller than the outer diameter of the second thread
  • the first nut is threadedly connected to the first thread
  • the second nut is threadedly connected to the second thread
  • the first nut is provided with a groove on the side facing the second nut
  • the second nut is provided on the side facing the first nut
  • protrusions are located in the grooves, and the protrusions and grooves are riveted and punched together;
  • the convex side surface is parallel to the axis of the second nut, and the groove side surface is parallel to the axis of the first nut.
  • the groove is arranged coaxially with the first nut, and the diameter of each position of the groove is equal.
  • the protrusion is arranged coaxially with the second nut, and the outer diameter of each position of the protrusion is equal.
  • the protrusion includes a side surface and an end surface, and the side surface and the end surface of the protrusion are perpendicular;
  • the groove structure includes a side surface and a bottom surface, and the side surface and the bottom surface of the groove are perpendicular to each other.
  • both the end of the protrusion and the inlet end of the groove are provided with chamfers.
  • both ends of the screw are provided with a first thread and a second thread.
  • one end of the screw is provided with a first thread and a second thread, and the other end of the screw is provided with a head.
  • the cross-sections of the first nut and the second nut are both hexagonal.
  • the surfaces of the protrusions and grooves are rough surfaces.
  • the distance between the side of the protrusion and the axis of the screw is greater than the distance between the side of the groove and the axis of the screw.
  • the side surface of the protrusion is parallel to the axis of the second nut, and the side surface of the groove is parallel to the axis of the first nut. Therefore, the distance between each point of the mating surface between the protrusion and the groove and the axis of the screw is equal, and the two There is a long contact surface between the two nuts. Even after the displacement between the two nuts, there is still a mating surface between the protrusion and the groove, and the strength of the mating is inconvenient. Since the first nut and the second nut are generally metal parts, the metal parts are joined by riveting and punching, and the bonding strength is extremely high, that is, the two have very large frictional force, and it is impossible to remove the first nut without sufficient axial force. The nut and the second nut are separated.
  • the thread direction between the first nut and the second nut is opposite. Under the action of vibration, if the first nut has a tendency to loosen outwards, it needs to overcome the lateral friction between the protrusion and the groove. In addition, Since the thread directions of the first nut and the second nut are opposite, when the first nut has a tendency to move outward, the second nut has a tendency to move inward, and the second nut will give the first nut an inward force to prevent the first nut from moving inward. A nut runs outward. The reverse is also true. When the second nut has a tendency to run outward, the first nut runs inward to prevent the second nut from running outward.
  • the screw nut assembly provided by the present application has a structure with high matching strength and an excellent anti-loosening effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-loosening screw nut assembly provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention, in which, in order to reflect the matching relationship between the nut and the screw, the nut is processed in section;
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first nut according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second nut according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a screw provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a screw provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention discloses an anti-loosening screw nut assembly, which includes a first nut 1, a second nut 2 and a screw 3.
  • the screw 1 is provided with a first screw 4 and a second screw 5, wherein the helix directions of the first screw 4 and the second screw 5 are opposite, along the axis of the screw, the first screw 4 and the second screw 5 are arranged in sequence, and The first thread 4 is arranged close to the end of the screw 3, and the outer diameter of the first thread 4 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second thread 5.
  • the first nut 1 is threadedly connected to the first thread 4, the second nut 2 is threaded to the second thread 5, wherein the first nut 1 is provided with a groove 6 on the side facing the second nut 2, and the second nut 2 A protrusion 7 is provided on the side facing the first nut 1.
  • the protrusion 7 is located in the groove 6 and the protrusion 7 and the groove 6 are riveted and punched together.
  • the side surface of the groove 6 is parallel to the axis of the first nut 1, and the side surface of the protrusion 7 is parallel to the axis of the second nut 2.
  • the outer diameter of the first thread 4 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second thread 5, that is, the second nut 2 can Pass through the first thread 4 without obstruction, so that the second nut 2 can be threaded on the second thread 5.
  • the riveting fit of the protrusion 6 and the groove 7 specifically refers to that as the first nut 1 rotates, the protrusion 7 will enter the groove 6, and an interference fit connection is formed between the protrusion 7 and the groove 6 the way.
  • the groove 6 is provided on the second nut 2 and the protrusion 7 is provided on the first nut 1, which is also equivalent to the manner defined in this application.
  • the side surface of the groove 6 is parallel to the axis of the first nut 1. Specifically, it means that the side of the cross section of the groove 6 in the axial direction is parallel to the axis of the first nut 1. It can be understood that the groove is a cylindrical structure.
  • the side surface of the protrusion 7 is parallel to the axis of the second nut 2. Specifically, it means that the side of the cross section of the protrusion 7 in the axial direction is parallel to the axis of the second nut 2. It can be understood that the protrusion 7 is a cylindrical structure.
  • the protrusion 7 and the groove 6 squeeze each other, which can increase the friction between the nut and the thread, and play a role of preventing loosening.
  • the mating surface between the protrusion 7 and the groove 6 has the same distance from the axis of the screw 3, and there is a long contact surface between the two, even after the displacement between the two nuts , There is still a mating surface between the protrusion 7 and the groove 6, and the strength of the mating is inconvenient. There is great friction between the protrusion 7 and the groove 6 and it is not easy to loosen.
  • the thread directions between the first nut 1 and the second nut 2 are opposite. Under the action of vibration, if the first nut 1 tends to loosen outwards, it needs to overcome the gap between the protrusion 7 and the groove 6.
  • the thread directions of the first nut 1 and the second nut 2 are opposite, when the first nut 1 has a tendency to move outward, the second nut 2 has a tendency to move inward, and the second nut 2 will Give the first nut 1 an inward force to prevent the first nut 1 from running outward. The reverse is also true. When the second nut 2 has a tendency to run outward, the first nut 1 runs inward to prevent the second nut 2 from running outward.
  • the screw nut assembly provided by the present application is a structure with high matching strength and has an excellent anti-loosening effect.
  • the second nut 2 is first fixed, and then the first nut 1 is rotated. After the first nut 1 is disassembled, the second nut 2 is rotated to remove the Remove the two nuts 2. Since the nut and bolt assembly in this application can be disassembled in this way, it can be used multiple times.
  • the groove is arranged coaxially with the first nut 1, and the diameter of each position of the groove is equal.
  • the groove may be a structure formed by recessing the middle position of the first nut 1 inward, or it may be an annular groove provided around the threaded hole of the first nut 1.
  • the preferred groove of the present application is the first nut 1.
  • the middle position is recessed inward to form a groove structure.
  • the protrusion 7 is coaxially arranged with the second nut 2, and the outer diameter of each position of the protrusion 6 is equal. Specifically, the protrusion 7 is a structure arranged around the threaded hole of the second nut 2.
  • both ⁇ and ⁇ are 90°.
  • the protrusion 7 includes a side surface and an end surface, the side surface of the protrusion and the end surface are perpendicular, the groove includes a side surface and a bottom surface, and the side surface and the bottom surface of the groove are perpendicular.
  • the right angle in the so-called right-angle riveting refers to the structure of the protrusions and grooves described here.
  • the side surface of the protrusion 7 is parallel to the axis of the second nut 2
  • the side surface of the groove 6 is parallel to the second nut 2.
  • the parallel axis of a nut 1 is the most important feature of the groove 6 and the protrusion 7. If the end surface of the protrusion 7 or the bottom surface of the recess 6 undergoes a suitable deformation, it is also within the scope of the present application.
  • Both the end of the protrusion 7 and the inlet end of the groove 6 are provided with chamfers. By setting the chamfer, it is convenient for the protrusion 7 to enter the groove 6.
  • Both ends of the screw 3 are provided with a first thread 4 and a second thread 5.
  • a first nut 1 and a second nut 2 are provided at the corresponding two ends.
  • the screw 3 is provided with a first screw 4 and a second screw 5 at one end, and the other end of the screw 3 is provided with a head 8.
  • the first end of the corresponding screw 3 is provided with a first nut 1 and a second nut 2, and the other end is restricted by a head 8.
  • the cross-sections of the first nut 1 and the second nut 2 are both hexagonal.
  • the surfaces of the protrusions 7 and the recesses 6 are rough surfaces. By setting the two as rough surfaces, the friction between the two can be improved.
  • the distance between the side of the protrusion 7 and the axis of the screw 3 is greater than the distance between the side of the groove 6 and the axis of the screw 3. Therefore, an interference fit can be formed between the protrusion 7 and the recess 6.
  • the length of the mating surface between the protrusion 7 and the groove 6 is not less than the first nut 1 And/the radius of the second nut 2, for example, the length of the mating surface is the length of the radius of the first nut 1 and/or the second nut 2, 1.5 times the radius length or 2 times the radius length.
  • the length of the mating surface is not less than half of the thickness of the first nut 1 and/or the second nut 2, for example, the length of the mating surface is half the thickness of the first nut 1 and/or the second nut 2, 1.5 times the thickness or the thickness 2 times.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种防松螺杆螺母组件，属于紧固件技术领域，包括螺杆（3）；螺杆（3）上设置有第一螺纹（4）和第二螺纹（5），两螺纹上分别设置有第一螺母（1）和第二螺母（2），其中第一螺纹（4）和第二螺纹（5）的螺旋线方向相反，沿螺杆（3）的轴线方向，第一螺纹（4）和第二螺纹（5）依次设置，且第一螺纹（4）靠近螺杆（3）的端部设置，第一螺纹（4）的外径小于第二螺纹（5）的外径；第一螺母（1）朝向第二螺母（2）的一侧设置有凹槽（6），第二螺母（2）朝向第一螺母（1）的一侧设置有凸起（7），螺杆螺母组件使用过程中，凸起（7）位于凹槽（6）内，凸起（7）和凹槽（6）铆冲结合；凸起（7）的侧面与第二螺母（2）的轴线平行，凹槽（6）的侧面与第一螺母（1）的轴线平行。该螺杆螺母组件具有配合强度高的结构，防松效果极佳的效果。

Description

一种防松螺杆螺母组件 技术领域
本发明属于紧固件技术领域，尤其涉及一种防松螺杆螺母组件。
背景技术
自锁螺母是一种能够靠摩擦力自锁的螺母。一般的螺母在使用过程由于振动等其它原因会自行松脱，为防止这种现象，于是就发明了自锁螺母。自锁螺母它的功能主要是防松、抗振。其工作原理一般是靠摩擦力自锁。自锁螺母按功能分类的类型有嵌尼龙圈的、带颈收口的、加金属防松装置的。
如申请号为201811651537.9的中国专利公开了一种锥面楔入锁紧紧固件，包括螺头、螺杆和螺母，所述螺杆侧壁包括至少一个长方形状限位边，所述螺杆上匹配有与螺杆相匹配的防转固定帽，所述固定帽一端面上开设有一个圆柱状空腔，所述螺母一端面设置有锥状顶紧头；所述锥状顶紧头外侧壁所对应的最小截面圆半径小于圆柱状空腔半径，所述锥状顶紧头外侧壁所对应的最大截面圆半径大于圆柱状空腔半径。
申请号为CN01135493.3的中国专利申请公开了一种防松螺母组件，它包括一上螺母和一下螺母，两螺母中的一个围绕一带有螺纹的孔有一凸出部分，其形状与在另一螺母围绕其螺纹孔形成的一凹进部分相配合，一螺母的凸出部分具有一逐渐缩小的外周缘，其直径在轴线方向向外朝着另一螺母逐渐减小，该凸出部分的外周缘和凹进部分的内周缘之一相对于相应螺纹孔形成得略呈偏心而两外周缘的另一个则与相应螺纹孔同轴地形成，其中，该上螺母至少包含一横向凸耳，该凸耳从上螺母侧向地突出，以抵靠在一拧紧工具的下端部，凸耳的形状设计成可以用肉眼看出它的旋转角度。
上述两个技术方案虽然能够在一定程度上具有防止螺母松脱的效果，但是由于上述两种结构形式存在以下两个技术问题：
技术问题一：两者凹槽和凸起之间的接触面为斜面，在较大的震动下，若两个螺母之间发生相对位移之后，由于凸起和凹槽之间的接触面为斜面，具有渐变的外径，凹槽和凸起之间的接触强度会降低，甚至是相互脱离，螺母的自锁效果消失。
技术问题二：两个螺母螺纹连接的螺杆螺旋线方向相同，两螺母之间即便不会发生位移，由于两者所在螺旋线方向相同，两个螺母也可能整体从螺杆上松脱。
综上所述，现有技术中提供的防松螺母在使用过程中会发生松脱的问题。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
针对现有存在的螺母容易松脱的技术问题，本发明提供一种能够几乎绝对防松脱的防松螺杆螺母组件。
(二)技术方案
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用的主要技术方案包括：
一种防松螺杆螺母组件，其包括螺杆、第一螺母和第二螺母；
螺杆上设置有第一螺纹和第二螺纹，其中第一螺纹和第二螺纹的螺旋线方向相反，沿螺杆的轴线方向，第一螺纹和第二螺纹依次设置，且第一螺纹靠近螺杆的端部设置，第一螺纹的外径小于第二螺纹的外径；
第一螺母螺纹连接在第一螺纹上，第二螺母螺纹连接在第二螺纹上，其中，第一螺母朝向第二螺母的一侧设置有凹槽，第二螺母朝向第一螺母的一侧设置有凸起，螺杆螺母组件使用过程中，凸起位于凹槽内，凸起和凹槽铆冲结合；
凸起的侧面与第二螺母的轴线平行，凹槽的侧面与第一螺母的轴线平行。
优选的，凹槽与第一螺母同轴设置，且凹槽各个位置的直径相等。
优选的，凸起与第二螺母同轴设置，且凸起各个位置的外径相等。
优选的，凸起包括侧面和端面，凸起的侧面和端面相垂直；
凹槽结构包括侧面和底面，凹槽的侧面和底面相垂直。
优选的，凸起的端部和凹槽的入口端均设置有倒角。
优选的，螺杆的两端均设置有第一螺纹和第二螺纹。
优选的，螺杆的一端设置有第一螺纹和第二螺纹，螺杆的另一端设置有头部。
优选的，第一螺母和第二螺母的截面均为六边形。
优选的，凸起和凹槽的表面为粗糙面。
优选的，凸起的侧边与螺杆轴线之间的距离大于凹槽侧边与螺杆轴线之间距离。
(三)有益效果
本发明的有益效果是：
凸起的侧面与第二螺母的轴线平行，凹槽的侧面与第一螺母的轴线平行，故此，凸起和凹槽之间配合的面各个点距离螺杆轴线之间的距离相等，两者之间具有一个很长的接触面，即便是两个螺母之间发生位移之后，凸起和凹槽之间依然存在配合面，且配合的强度不便。由于第一螺母和第二螺母一般为金属件，金属件之间的通过铆冲结合，结合强度极高，也就是两者有非常大的摩擦力，没有足够的轴向力根本无法将第一螺母和第二螺母分离。
第一螺母和第二螺母之间的螺纹方向相反，在受到震动的作用下，若第一螺母具有向外松脱的趋势，其需要克服凸起和凹槽之间的横向摩擦力，另外，由于第一螺母和第二螺母螺纹方向相反，当第一螺母具有向外运动的趋势时，第二螺母具有向内运行的趋势，第二螺母会给第一螺母一个向内的力，防止第一螺母向外运行。反之亦然，当第二螺母有向外运行的趋势时，第一螺母向内运行，防止第二螺母向外运行。故此，可以得出，由于第一螺母和第二螺母之间的螺纹方向相反，若螺母发生松脱必须要克服凸起和凹槽之间的横向摩擦力，以及两个螺母之间相反 的作用力。但是这两个力除非是在外力的作用下，单独在震动的作用下很难克服。
基于上述内容可以得出，本申请提供的螺杆螺母组件具有配合强度高的结构，防松效果极佳。
附图说明
图1为本发明具体实施方式提供的防松螺杆螺母组件的结构示意图，其中，为了体现螺母螺杆的配合关系，将螺母做了剖面处理；
图2为本发明具体实施方式提供的第一螺母的结构示意图；
图3为本发明具体实施方式提供的第二螺母的结构示意图；
图4为本发明具体实施方式提供的螺杆的结构示意图；
图5为本发明具体实施方式提供的螺杆的另一种结构示意图。
【附图标记说明】
1：第一螺母；2：第二螺母；3：螺杆；4：第一螺纹；5：第二螺纹；6：凹槽；7：凸起；8：头部。
具体实施方式
为了更好的解释本发明，以便于理解，下面结合附图，通过具体实施方式，对本发明作详细描述。
如图1至图5所示，本发明公开了一种防松螺杆螺母组件，其包括第一螺母1、第二螺母2和螺杆3。
螺杆1上设置有第一螺纹4和第二螺纹5，其中第一螺纹4和第二螺纹5的螺旋线方向相反，沿螺杆的轴线方向，第一螺纹4和第二螺纹5依次设置，且第一螺纹4靠近螺杆3的端部设置，第一螺纹4的外径小于第二螺纹5的外径。
第一螺母1螺纹连接在第一螺纹4上，第二螺母2螺纹连接在第二螺纹5上，其中，第一螺母1朝向第二螺母2的一侧设置有凹槽6，第二螺母2朝向第一螺母1的一侧设置有凸起7，螺杆螺母组件使用过程中， 凸起7位于凹槽6内，凸起7和凹槽6铆冲结合。
凹槽6的侧面与第一螺母1的轴线平行，凸起7的侧面与第二螺母2的轴线平行。
由于存在两段螺纹线方向相反的螺纹，为了使第二螺母2顺利的螺纹连接在第二螺纹5上，第一螺纹4的外径小于第二螺纹5的外径，即第二螺母2能够无阻碍的从第一螺纹4上穿过，这样第二螺母2才能螺纹连接在第二螺纹5上。
凸起6和凹槽7铆冲配合具体指的是，随着第一螺母1的旋转，凸起7会进入凹槽6内，且凸起7和凹槽6之间形成过盈配合的连接方式。需要说明的是，凹槽6设置在第二螺母2上，凸起7设置在第一螺母1上，其与本申请中限定的方式也是等效的。
凹槽6的侧面与第一螺母1的轴线平行，具体是指，凹槽6沿轴线方向上截面的侧边与第一螺母1的轴线平行。可以理解的凹槽是一个圆筒形结构。
凸起7的侧面与第二螺母2的轴线平行，具体是指，凸起7沿轴线方向上的截面的侧边与第二螺母2的轴线平行。可以理解的凸起7是一个圆柱形结构。
在使用过程中，首先将第二螺母2旋入第二螺纹5，然后将第一螺母1旋入第一螺纹4，在第一螺母2旋入的过程中，第二螺母2上的凸起7进入第一螺母1上的凹槽6内，利用材料之间的弹性变形，凸起7铆冲进入凹槽6内，凸起7和凹槽6之间形成过盈配合，第一螺母1和第二螺母2牢固的结合。
第一螺母1和第二螺母2的配合方式，首先，凸起7和凹槽6之间相互挤压，能够增大螺母与螺纹之间的摩擦力，起到了防松脱的作用。
尤其重要是：凸起7和凹槽6之间配合的面各个点距离螺杆3轴线之间的距离相等，两者之间具有一个很长的接触面，即便是两个螺母之间发生位移之后，凸起7和凹槽6之间依然存在配合面，且配合的强度 不便。凸起7和凹槽6之间具有很大的摩擦力不容易松脱。
最后，第一螺母1和第二螺母2之间的螺纹方向相反，在受到震动的作用下，若第一螺母1具有向外松脱的趋势，其需要克服凸起7和凹槽6之间的横向摩擦力，另外，由于第一螺母1和第二螺母2螺纹方向相反，当第一螺母1具有向外运动的趋势时，第二螺母2具有向内运行的趋势，第二螺母2会给第一螺母1一个向内的力，防止第一螺母1向外运行。反之亦然，当第二螺母2有向外运行的趋势时，第一螺母1向内运行，防止第二螺母2向外运行。故此，可以得出，由于第一螺母1和第二螺母2之间的螺纹方向相反，若螺母发生松脱必须要克服凸起7和凹槽6之间的横向摩擦力，以及两个螺母之间相反的作用力。但是这两个力除非是在外力的作用下，单独在震动的作用下很难克服。
基于上述内容可以得出，本申请提供的螺杆螺母组件是一种配合强度高的结构，防松效果极佳。
进一步的，在第一螺母1和第二螺母2的拆卸过程中，首先要固定第二螺母2，然后旋转第一螺母1，当第一螺母1拆卸之后，在旋转第二螺母2，将第二螺母2拆下。本申请中螺母、螺栓组件由于可以通过此种方式进行拆卸，进而可以多次使用。
凹槽与第一螺母1同轴设置，且凹槽各个位置的直径相等。凹槽可以是第一螺母1的中间位置向内凹陷形成的结构，也可以是围绕第一螺母1的螺纹孔设置的环形凹槽，为了便于加工，本申请优选的凹槽是第一螺母1的中间位置向内凹陷形成的凹槽结构。
凸起7与第二螺母2同轴设置，且凸起6各个位置的外径相等。具体的，凸起7是围绕第二螺母2的螺纹孔设置的结构。
在图2、图3中，α、β都是90°。具体的，凸起7包括侧面和端面，凸起的侧面和端面相垂直，凹槽包括侧面和底面，凹槽的侧面和底面相垂直。所谓的直角铆冲中的直角指的是此处所述的凸起和凹槽的结构形式，需要说明的，凸起7的侧面与第二螺母2的轴线平行，凹槽6 的侧面与第一螺母1的轴线平行，是凹槽6和凸起7最重要的特征。若凸起7的端面或凹槽6的底面发生适用性的变形也在本申请的限定范围之内。
凸起7的端部和凹槽6的入口端均设置有倒角。通过倒角的设置，便于凸起7进入凹槽6内。
螺杆3的两端均设置有第一螺纹4和第二螺纹5。相应的两端均设置有第一螺母1和第二螺母2。
螺杆3的一端设置有第一螺纹4和第二螺纹5，螺杆3的另一端设置有头部8。相对应的螺杆3的第一端设置有第一螺母1和第二螺母2，另一端通过头部8限位。
第一螺母1和第二螺母2的截面均为六边形。
凸起7和凹槽6的表面为粗糙面。通过将两者设置成粗糙面，可以提高两者之间的摩擦力。
凸起7的侧边与螺杆3轴线之间的距离大于凹槽6侧边与螺杆3轴线之间距离。故此，可以使凸起7和凹槽6之间形成过盈配合。
另外，凸起7和凹槽6之间的配合面越大，两者之间的防松效果越好，优选的，凸起7和凹槽6之间配合面的长度不小于第一螺母1和/第二螺母2的半径，如，配合面的长度为第一螺母1和/第二螺母2的半径的长度，半径长度的1.5倍或半径长度的2倍。
或者，配合面长度不小于第一螺母1和/或第二螺母2厚度的一半，如，配合面的长度为第一螺母1和/第二螺母2的厚度的一半，厚度的1.5倍或厚度的2倍。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的技术原理，这些描述只是为了解释本发明的原理，不能以任何方式解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。基于此处解释，本领域的技术人员不需要付出创造性的劳动即可联想到本发明的其它具体实施方式，这些方式都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种防松螺杆螺母组件，其特征在于：包括螺杆、第一螺母和第二螺母；
    螺杆上设置有第一螺纹和第二螺纹，其中第一螺纹和第二螺纹的螺旋线方向相反，沿螺杆的轴线方向，第一螺纹和第二螺纹依次设置，且第一螺纹靠近螺杆的端部设置，第一螺纹的外径小于第二螺纹的外径；
    第一螺母螺纹连接在第一螺纹上，第二螺母螺纹连接在第二螺纹上，其中，第一螺母朝向第二螺母的一侧设置有凹槽，第二螺母朝向第一螺母的一侧设置有凸起，螺杆螺母组件使用过程中，凸起位于凹槽内，凸起和凹槽铆冲结合；
    凸起的侧面与第二螺母的轴线平行，凹槽的侧面与第一螺母的轴线平行。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防松螺杆螺母组件，其特征在于，凹槽与第一螺母同轴设置，且凹槽各个位置的直径相等。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的防松螺杆螺母组件，其特征在于，凸起与第二螺母同轴设置，且凸起各个位置的外径相等。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的防松螺杆螺母组件，其特征在于，凸起包括侧面和端面，凸起的侧面和端面相垂直；
    凹槽结构包括侧面和底面，凹槽的侧面和底面相垂直。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的防松螺杆螺母组件，其特征在于，凸起的端部和凹槽的入口端均设置有倒角。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的防松螺杆螺母组件，其特征在于，螺杆的两端均设置有第一螺纹和第二螺纹。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的防松螺杆螺母组件，其特征在于，螺杆的一端设置有第一螺纹和第二螺纹，螺杆的另一端设置有头部。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的防松螺杆螺母组件，其特征在于，第一螺母和第二螺母的截面均为六边形。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的防松螺杆螺母组件，其特征在于，凸起和 凹槽的表面为粗糙面。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的防松螺杆螺母组件，其特征在于，凸起的侧边与螺杆轴线之间的距离大于凹槽侧边与螺杆轴线之间距离。
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CN115013406A (zh) * 2021-03-03 2022-09-06 俞桂凤 不会松动的螺栓组件
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