WO2020232791A1 - Outil combiné d'usinage par meulage à étincelles électriques, procédé de fabrication d'outil et procédé d'usinage - Google Patents

Outil combiné d'usinage par meulage à étincelles électriques, procédé de fabrication d'outil et procédé d'usinage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020232791A1
WO2020232791A1 PCT/CN2019/092567 CN2019092567W WO2020232791A1 WO 2020232791 A1 WO2020232791 A1 WO 2020232791A1 CN 2019092567 W CN2019092567 W CN 2019092567W WO 2020232791 A1 WO2020232791 A1 WO 2020232791A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grinding wheel
grinding
edm
machining
section
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/092567
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
伍晓宇
雷建国
鲁艳军
徐斌
翁昌兴
谢晋
汤勇
Original Assignee
深圳大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳大学 filed Critical 深圳大学
Priority to CN201980009330.8A priority Critical patent/CN112351862B/zh
Publication of WO2020232791A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020232791A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H5/00—Combined machining
    • B23H5/04—Electrical discharge machining combined with mechanical working
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H5/00—Combined machining
    • B23H5/06—Electrochemical machining combined with mechanical working, e.g. grinding or honing
    • B23H5/08—Electrolytic grinding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D5/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor
    • B24D5/06—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of grinding processing tools, and in particular to an electric spark grinding composite processing tool, a tool preparation method and a processing method.
  • the processing technology of superhard and hard-to-grind materials is an important field in advanced materials and advanced manufacturing technology. It is widely used in many industrial sectors of the aerospace industry, mold industry, automobile manufacturing and various special-purpose products.
  • the processing of difficult-to-grind materials, low processing efficiency and high tool wear are traditional problems, which often require multiple rough/finish machining and multiple clamping and positioning, the process is cumbersome, and the machining error is difficult to control.
  • EDM composite machining technology is an effective means to improve the processing efficiency of superhard and difficult-to-grind materials with electrical conductivity, and through the effective combination of EDM and abrasive cutting, high-quality machined surfaces can be obtained .
  • most metal-based adhesives are not ideal tool electrode materials. In the rough machining stage, it is difficult to achieve high-energy EDM removal for large-depth machining, the abrasive particles fall off quickly, and the grinding wheel wears quickly.
  • the main purpose of this application is to provide an EDM grinding composite machining tool, its preparation and its machining method, aiming to set up a grinding wheel tool with a high-performance electrode segment and a grinding segment alternately distributed within one clamping range
  • this application proposes an EDM grinding composite machining tool, which includes a grinding wheel base, a grinding section and an electrode section.
  • the grinding wheel base is in the shape of a disc, and the grinding section and the electrode section alternate It is arranged on the outer edge end surface of the grinding wheel base body.
  • the grinding section is formed by uniformly mixing abrasive grains and a metal-based adhesive and then sintering, and the EDM loss rate of the electrode section is less than the EDM loss rate of the metal-based EDM of the grinding section.
  • the metal-based adhesive is made of copper, tin mixed powder and or copper-tin alloy powder.
  • a preparation method of electric spark grinding composite machining tool includes the steps:
  • the grinding wheel base is processed on the base material of preset thickness
  • the grinding wheel base body containing the electrode segments is put into a second mold and filled with a second preset material for sintering to obtain a first grinding wheel.
  • the step of processing a grinding wheel matrix on a substrate with a predetermined thickness includes:
  • the grinding wheel base is machined on stainless steel, brass or easy-turning iron with a thickness of 0.5mm-20mm.
  • the step of putting the grinding wheel matrix into a first mold and filling the first preset material for sintering to obtain a grinding wheel matrix containing electrode segments includes:
  • the grinding wheel matrix is put into a first mold and filled with pure copper powder, pure tungsten powder, brass powder or cupronickel powder for sintering to obtain a grinding wheel matrix containing electrode segments.
  • the step of putting the grinding wheel base body containing the electrode segments into a second mold and filling with a second preset material for sintering to obtain the first grinding wheel includes:
  • the grinding wheel matrix containing the electrode segments is put into a second mold and filled with a mixture of a metal-based binder and an abrasive for sintering to obtain a first grinding wheel.
  • An electric spark grinding composite machining method proposed in this application includes the steps:
  • the first grinding wheel is connected to the negative pole of the pulse power supply, and the workpiece is connected to the positive pole of the pulse power supply;
  • the process parameters of the high-energy discharge refer to a processing voltage of 90-120V and a pulse width of 10-50 ⁇ s.
  • the process parameters of the low-energy discharge refer to a processing voltage of 30-50V and a pulse width of 1-10 ⁇ s.
  • An EDM grinding composite machining tool, preparation and machining method provided in this application by arranging a grinding wheel tool with a high-performance electrode segment and a grinding segment distributed alternately, the super hard and difficult can be completed within a single clamping range High efficiency rough machining and high quality finishing of grinding materials.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric spark grinding composite machining tool according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of EDM composite rough machining in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of EDM composite finishing in another embodiment of the present application.
  • connection may be a direct connection or an indirect connection.
  • an EDM composite machining tool which includes a grinding wheel base 1, a grinding section 5 and an electrode section 2.
  • the grinding wheel base 1 is disc-shaped and is ground
  • the segments 5 and the electrode segments 2 are alternately arranged on the outer edge end surface of the grinding wheel base 1.
  • the EDM loss rate of electrode section 2 is less than the metal-based EDM loss rate of grinding section 5, which can prevent abrasive particles 3 from falling off quickly during the composite rough machining stage of EDM grinding, and improve the super hard and hard-to-wear The efficiency of rough machining of cutting materials.
  • the low-energy electric spark discharge gap ⁇ 2 is smaller than the height of the abrasive particles 3, which can improve the surface quality of the finishing workpiece 6 made of super-hard and difficult-to-grind materials.
  • the arc lengths of the grinding section 5 and the electrode section 2 are equal, and the grinding section 5 is formed by mixing and sintering abrasive particles 3 and a metal-based adhesive.
  • the electrode section 2 is sintered from electrode material powder, and the EDM loss rate of the electrode material should be less than the EDM loss rate of the metal base 4.
  • the workpiece 6 is rough-machined using the process parameters that form the high-energy discharge, so that the high-energy EDM discharge gap ⁇ 1 is greater than or equal to the height h of the abrasive grains.
  • the EDM loss rate of electrode section 2 is slightly lower than that of grinding section 5 metal base 4 EDM, so the diameter of electrode section 2 is slightly larger than the diameter of the metal base 4 of grinding section 5, reaching electrode section 2 to grinding section 5
  • the protective effect prevents the abrasive particles 3 from falling off quickly.
  • the arc length of the grinding section and the electrode section can be adjusted.
  • the grinding wheel base body 1 is made of stainless steel, brass or easy-turning iron.
  • the material of the grinding wheel substrate 1 includes stainless steel, brass, and free-turning iron.
  • the free-turning iron is free-cutting steel.
  • the metal machinability is enhanced by adding elements such as sulfur or lead, and the machine tool cutting performance is good.
  • the outer diameter of the grinding wheel base 1 ranges from 40 mm to 200 mm
  • the inner diameter of the grinding wheel base 1 ranges from 12 mm to 35 mm
  • the thickness of the grinding wheel base 1 ranges from 0.5 mm to 20 mm.
  • the electrode section 2 is made of pure copper powder, pure tungsten powder, brass powder or cupronickel powder. Copper has high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, abrasion resistance and excellent process performance, with a particle size range of 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 20 ⁇ m.
  • the abrasive particles 3 are made of diamond particles, boron carbide particles or silicon carbide abrasive materials. Diamond, boron carbide and silicon carbide have the characteristics of low density, high strength, high temperature stability and good chemical stability, and the particle size ranges from 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the metal binder is made of copper, tin mixed powder and or copper-tin alloy powder.
  • the particle size range of copper and tin mixed powder is 1 ⁇ m-20 ⁇ m, and the particle size range of copper-tin alloy powder is 25 ⁇ m-50 ⁇ m.
  • the grinding section 5 and the electrode section 2 need to be respectively sintered to the circumference of the grinding wheel base 1 and alternately connected to form a grinding wheel tool.
  • the arc length of the grinding section 5 and the electrode section 2 can be adjusted.
  • the grinding section 5 is made by uniformly mixing the metal-based adhesive and abrasive particles and then sintered;
  • the electrode section 2 is made by sintering the electrode material powder, and the EDM loss rate of the electrode material should be less than that of the metal-based adhesive. Processing loss rate.
  • an EDM grinding composite machining tool the EDM grinding composite machining tool has an annular array form, and the grinding wheel tool is composed of an electrode section 2 and a grinding section 5 composed of high-performance electrode materials. Distribution composition.
  • the grinding wheel base 1 in this embodiment is disc-shaped, and the grinding section 5 and the electrode section 2 are alternately arranged on the outer edge end surface of the grinding wheel base 1.
  • the grinding section 5 is formed by mixing and sintering abrasive particles 3 and a metal-based binder ,
  • the EDM loss rate of the electrode section 2 is less than that of the metal base 4.
  • the grinding wheel base 1 into the first mold and fill the blank of the outer circle with copper powder for sintering to obtain a ring-shaped array electrode section 2 Grinding wheel base body; then put the grinding wheel base body containing the annular array electrode segment 2 into the second mold, fill the mixed powder of copper powder, tin powder and diamond abrasive in the blank of the outer circle, and perform sintering again to obtain the electrode segment 2 and the grinding wheel.
  • the cutting segments 5 are alternately connected to form a complete grinding wheel of the outer circle of the grinding wheel tool. With this special grinding wheel tool, high-efficiency rough machining and high-quality finishing of super-hard and difficult-to-grind materials can be completed within a clamping range.
  • an EDM grinding composite machining tool the EDM grinding composite machining tool has an annular array form, and the grinding wheel tool is composed of an electrode section 2 and a grinding section 5 composed of high-performance electrode materials. Distribution composition.
  • the grinding wheel base 1 in this embodiment is disc-shaped.
  • the grinding section 5 and the electrode section 2 are alternately arranged on the outer edge end surface of the grinding wheel base 1.
  • the grinding section 5 is made by mixing abrasive particles 3 and a metal-based binder.
  • the EDM loss rate of the electrode section 2 is less than the loss rate of the metal base 4 of the grinding section 5.
  • the electrode section in this embodiment is mixed and sintered with copper, tin mixed powder and copper-tin alloy powder, and then contains the ring array electrode
  • the grinding wheel matrix of section 2 is placed in the second mold, and the mixed powder of boron carbide granules and copper-tin alloy powder is filled in the outer circle.
  • the grinding wheel matrix 1 is processed on a 20mm thick free-wheeling iron.
  • the special grinding wheel tool can complete the high-efficiency rough machining and high-quality finishing of super-hard and difficult-to-grind materials within a single clamping range.
  • This embodiment proposes a method for preparing an EDM grinding composite machining tool based on the above specific embodiment 1, including the steps:
  • the grinding wheel base 1 is processed on a stainless steel plate with a thickness of 15mm by using the wire EDM process; stainless steel has strong wear resistance.
  • the grinding wheel base 1 containing the electrode segment 2 into the second mold and fill it with copper, tin mixed powder and diamond abrasive grains, and then sinter it to obtain the complete outer circle of the grinding wheel tool containing electrode segments 2 and grinding segments 5 alternately connected Grinding wheel.
  • This embodiment is based on the method for preparing an EDM grinding composite machining tool proposed in the foregoing specific embodiment 2, and includes the steps:
  • the grinding wheel base 1 is machined on the easy-turning iron with a thickness of 10mm by using the electric discharge wire cutting process; the easy-turning iron has strong wear resistance.
  • the grinding wheel base 1 is put into the first mold and filled with pure tungsten powder for sintering to obtain the grinding wheel base 1 containing the electrode segment 2.
  • the grinding wheel base body 1 containing the electrode segment 2 into the second mold and fill it with boron carbide granules and copper-tin alloy powder, and then sinter it to obtain the second electrode segment 2 and the grinding segment 5 alternately connected to form the outer circle of the grinding wheel tool One grinding wheel.
  • the first grinding wheel is connected to the negative pole of the pulse power supply, and the workpiece 6 is connected to the positive pole of the pulse power supply;
  • the material of the workpiece 6 is titanium alloy, hard alloy, silicon carbide or conductive ceramic.
  • the first height in this embodiment refers to setting the high-energy electric spark discharge gap to ⁇ 1; using the high-energy discharge process parameters to perform rough machining on the workpiece 6; making the electrode segment 2 discharge
  • the gap ⁇ 1 is greater than or equal to the height h of the abrasive grain exiting edge, which realizes high-efficiency and high-energy EDM rotary machining, and the grinding wheel grinding section 5 completes the edge extraction.
  • the EDM loss rate of electrode section 2 is less than the metal base EDM loss rate of grinding section 5, so that the diameter of electrode section 2 is greater than the metal base diameter of grinding section 5. After that, electrode section 2 protects the grinding section 5 and prevents The abrasive particles 3 fall off quickly.
  • the second height in this embodiment refers to setting the low-energy electric spark discharge gap to ⁇ 2; use the low-energy discharge process parameters to finish machining the workpiece 6 so that the electrode segment 2 discharges
  • the gap is less than or equal to the height h of the abrasive grain exiting edge, which realizes high-precision electric discharge grinding and rotation processing, and obtains a workpiece 6 with a high-quality processing surface.
  • the process parameters of high-energy discharge refer to a processing voltage of 90-120V and a pulse width of 10-50 ⁇ s; the process parameters of low-energy discharge refer to a processing voltage of 30-50 V and a pulse width of 1-10 ⁇ s.
  • This embodiment is based on the electric spark grinding composite machining method proposed in the above specific embodiment 1, and includes the steps:
  • the first grinding wheel and the workpiece 6 are respectively installed on the grinder, the first grinding wheel is connected to the negative electrode of the pulse power supply, and the workpiece 6 is connected to the positive electrode of the pulse power supply; the material of the workpiece 6 in this embodiment is conductive ceramic.
  • the grinding wheel grinding section 5 completes the cutting edge.
  • the EDM loss rate of electrode section 2 is less than the metal base EDM loss rate of grinding section 5, so that the diameter of electrode section 2 is greater than the metal base diameter of grinding section 5. After that, electrode section 2 protects the grinding section 5 and prevents The abrasive particles 3 fall off quickly.
  • the process parameters of high-energy discharge refer to a processing voltage of 120V and a pulse width of 50 ⁇ s; the process parameters of low-energy discharge refer to a processing voltage of 50 V and a pulse width of 10 ⁇ s.
  • This embodiment is based on the above-mentioned specific embodiment 2 and proposed an electric spark grinding composite machining method, including the steps:
  • the first grinding wheel and the workpiece 6 are respectively installed on the grinding machine, the first grinding wheel is connected to the negative electrode of the pulse power supply, and the workpiece 6 is connected to the positive electrode of the pulse power supply;
  • the material of the workpiece 6 in this embodiment is silicon carbide.
  • Silicon carbide also known as emery, is made by smelting raw materials such as quartz sand, petroleum coke (or coal coke), wood chips (salt is needed to produce green silicon carbide) through a high temperature resistance furnace. Silicon carbide is also a rare mineral in nature. Silicon carbide is also called moissanite.
  • silicon carbide is the most widely used and most economical one, and it can be called gold steel grit or refractory grit. Silicon carbide has stable chemical properties, high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient and good wear resistance.
  • the grinding wheel grinding section 5 completes the cutting edge.
  • the EDM loss rate of electrode section 2 is less than the metal base EDM loss rate of grinding section 5, so that the diameter of electrode section 2 is greater than the metal base diameter of grinding section 5. After that, electrode section 2 protects the grinding section 5 and prevents The abrasive particles 3 fall off quickly.
  • the process parameters of high energy discharge refer to a processing voltage of 100V and a pulse width of 40 ⁇ s; the process parameters of low energy discharge refer to a processing voltage of 40 V and a pulse width of 5 ⁇ s.
  • the electric spark grinding composite machining tool of the present application can complete high-efficiency rough machining and high-quality finishing of super-hard and difficult-to-grind materials within a clamping range.
  • use process parameters that can form high-energy discharge so that the high-energy EDM discharge gap ⁇ 1 is greater than the height h of the abrasive grain, to achieve high-efficiency and high-energy EDM rotary machining, and the grinding section of the grinding wheel completes the edge;
  • process parameters that can form low-energy discharge make the low-energy EDM discharge gap ⁇ 2 less than or equal to the height of the abrasive grains, h, and realize high-precision EDM rotary machining.
  • an electric spark grinding composite machining tool, preparation and machining method thereof, by setting a high-performance electrode segment and a grinding wheel tool distributed alternately with the grinding segment, can complete the super-hard and difficult High efficiency rough machining and high quality finishing of grinding materials.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un outil combiné d'usinage par meulage à étincelles électriques, comprenant une matrice de meule (1), des sections de meulage (5) et des sections d'électrode (2). La matrice de meule (1) a une forme de disque, les sections de meulage (5) et les sections d'électrode (2) sont disposées en alternance sur une face d'extrémité d'un bord externe de la matrice de meule (1) et, par agencement d'un outil de meule avec les sections d'électrode (2) et les sections de meulage (5) disposées en alternance, un usinage grossier et un usinage de finition de matériaux super-durs et difficiles à meuler peuvent être réalisés dans une plage de serrage à usage unique. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de fabrication de l'outil combiné d'usinage par meulage à étincelles électriques et un procédé combiné d'usinage par meulage à étincelles électriques.
PCT/CN2019/092567 2019-05-21 2019-06-24 Outil combiné d'usinage par meulage à étincelles électriques, procédé de fabrication d'outil et procédé d'usinage WO2020232791A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201980009330.8A CN112351862B (zh) 2019-05-21 2019-06-24 电火花磨削复合加工工具、工具制备方法及加工方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201920752710.8U CN211331681U (zh) 2019-05-21 2019-05-21 一种电火花磨削复合加工工具
CN201920752710.8 2019-05-21

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WO2020232791A1 true WO2020232791A1 (fr) 2020-11-26

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US4448656A (en) * 1981-06-24 1984-05-15 Ohyo Jiki Labolatory Company Ltd. Electrolytic/electric discharge machining of a non-conductive workpiece
JPS59152020A (ja) * 1982-10-27 1984-08-30 Oyo Jiki Kenkyusho:Kk 電解放電加工に用いる円盤砥石
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US4532019A (en) * 1981-05-21 1985-07-30 Nicco Machine Tool Company Ltd. Grinding wheel and method for electrolytic and mechanical grinding
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CN103495938B (zh) * 2013-10-16 2016-04-20 广东奔朗新材料股份有限公司 树脂金属复合型弹性磨块及其制作模具和制作方法
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57121471A (en) * 1981-01-10 1982-07-28 Oyo Jiki Kenkyusho:Kk Grinding disc
JPS57121470A (en) * 1981-01-10 1982-07-28 Oyo Jiki Kenkyusho:Kk Grinding disc
JPS5941009Y2 (ja) * 1981-04-01 1984-11-24 有限会社応用磁気研究所 研削用円盤
US4532019A (en) * 1981-05-21 1985-07-30 Nicco Machine Tool Company Ltd. Grinding wheel and method for electrolytic and mechanical grinding
US4448656A (en) * 1981-06-24 1984-05-15 Ohyo Jiki Labolatory Company Ltd. Electrolytic/electric discharge machining of a non-conductive workpiece
JPS5973278A (ja) * 1982-10-20 1984-04-25 Oyo Jiki Kenkyusho:Kk 砥石充填用の導電性ペ−スト
JPS59152020A (ja) * 1982-10-27 1984-08-30 Oyo Jiki Kenkyusho:Kk 電解放電加工に用いる円盤砥石
JPS62172523U (fr) * 1986-04-23 1987-11-02
CN101108433A (zh) * 2007-08-21 2008-01-23 南京航空航天大学 一种微细铣削刀具电火花加工方法及其专用电极
CN103831740A (zh) * 2014-03-21 2014-06-04 苏州赛力精密工具有限公司 一种金属陶瓷复合结合剂以及复合结合剂金刚石砂轮
CN104669129A (zh) * 2015-02-11 2015-06-03 河南富莱特超硬磨具有限公司 一种陶瓷镀钛cbn砂轮及其制备方法

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CN112351862B (zh) 2023-03-14
CN112351862A (zh) 2021-02-09
CN211331681U (zh) 2020-08-25

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