WO2020228281A1

WO2020228281A1 - Ice crystal detector and detection method

Info

Publication number: WO2020228281A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/117831
Authority: WO
Inventors: 史献林; 白穆
Original assignee: 中国商用飞机有限责任公司; 中国商用飞机有限责任公司上海飞机设计研究院
Priority date: 2019-05-16
Filing date: 2019-11-13
Publication date: 2020-11-19
Also published as: CN109927910B; CN109927910A

Abstract

Provided is an ice crystal detector, comprising an axially extending ice crystal collection probe and a detection device. The ice crystal collection probe comprises a windward surface on one side and a leeward surface opposite to the windward surface, and comprises a rod body, a groove positioned on the windward surface and extending in an axial direction of the rod body, and a photoelectric sensor mounted at one end or both ends of the rod body. The groove comprises an opening and a bottom. The photoelectric sensor forms an optical path in the groove which is spaced from the bottom of the groove for monitoring ice crystals on the bottom of the groove. A controller is connected to the photoelectric sensor and determines whether an ice crystal icing condition exists according to the change of an electric signal fed back by the photoelectric sensor. The rod body also comprises a plurality of airflow channels, an inlet of each airflow channel is positioned at the bottom of the groove of the ice crystal collection probe, and an outlet thereof is positioned on the leeward surface of the ice crystal collection probe. The ice crystal detector is simple in structure, high in reliability, easy to realize and low in electric power consumption, and can detect whether an ice crystal icing condition exists in the air.

Description

Ice crystal detector and detection method

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of ice crystal detectors, in particular to an ice crystal detector for detecting whether an aircraft has ice crystal icing conditions in the air and a method for such detection. The invention also relates to a mixed state icing detector for detecting whether there are ice crystal icing conditions and supercooled water drop icing conditions in the air.

Background technique

The icing conditions encountered by the aircraft in the air include the airworthiness clause 14 CFR Part 25 Appendix C conventional supercooled water droplet icing conditions (droplet diameter ≤50um), 14 CFR Part 25 Appendix O large supercooled water droplet icing conditions (50μm) <The diameter of water droplets <500μm is called freezing drizzle; the diameter of water droplets ≥500μm is called freezing rain), and 14 CFR Part 33 Appendix D ice crystal freezing conditions. The present invention collectively refers to Appendix C conventional supercooled water droplets and Appendix O large supercooled water droplets as supercooled water droplets. When the freezing conditions contain both supercooled water droplets and ice crystals, the freezing conditions are called mixed freezing conditions.

The icing detection can detect the airplane entering the icing condition at an early stage, and send out an icing warning message to remind the pilot to take corresponding actions in time, which is an improvement measure to ensure flight safety.

The super-cooled water droplets cause icing on the aerodynamic surfaces of the aircraft (the leading edge of the wing, the leading edge of the nacelle, etc.), resulting in the degradation of the stability of the aircraft, the loss of flight performance and the reduction of flight safety margin. Detectors that detect the icing condition of supercooled water droplets are generally called icing detectors or icing condition detectors.

Ice crystal icing conditions exist in the outer area of high-altitude convective storms and cannot be detected by the aircraft’s weather radar. When the aircraft enters ice crystal icing conditions, the ice crystals bounce off the surface of the aircraft body and engine at low temperatures will not cause the body to freeze, but It can enter the engine, and as the temperature rises, it melts and forms ice on the compressor blades, causing the blade tips to warp and tear, which in turn leads to engine thrust loss, surge, stall, flameout and other accidents; and ice crystals It may block the pitot tube and the total temperature sensor probe, causing abnormal altitude and temperature data, and endangering flight safety. Detectors that detect ice crystal icing conditions are generally called ice crystal detectors or ice particle detectors.

In recent years, large and supercooled water droplets and ice crystal icing conditions have led to several crashes, which have gradually attracted the attention of airworthiness authorities. They have successively released 14 CFR Part 25 Appendix O Large Supercooled Water Droplets and 14 CFR Part 33 Appendix D Ice Crystal Icing Conditional laws and regulations, used to improve flight safety measures. But at present, there are no cases where detection devices for supercooled water droplets, ice crystal icing conditions, or mixed-state icing conditions are actually applied to aircraft.

US7,104,502 discloses an icing detector with a cylindrical magnetostrictive probe. When a supercooled water drop hits the probe, the vibration frequency of the probe decreases as the icing mass increases, and then it sends out an icing signal after it drops to a threshold. Unable to detect ice crystal icing conditions.

Patent US 7,014,357 discloses an icing condition detector. Two dry and wet platinum resistance temperature sensors form a bridge in the probe. The concentration of supercooled water droplets is different and the voltage difference is different. When the voltage changes to a threshold, an icing signal is issued. Ice crystals pass through the sensor with the high-speed airflow, and will not freeze on the temperature sensor, and cannot detect ice crystal icing conditions.

Patent US7,845,221 discloses an ice crystal detection device, which is composed of two parallel conical tubes, one conical tube is constantly heated, and the other conical tube is not heated. Two pressure sensors measure the pressure of the two and calculate the pressure difference. The ice crystal impacts When the conical pipe reaches the latter and the conical pipe is blocked, the pressure difference changes to a threshold value and an alarm is issued. The disadvantage is that the structure of the two conical tubes is complex and consumes a lot of electric power.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an ice crystal detector, which includes at least one axially extending ice crystal collecting probe and at least one detecting device. Each ice crystal collection probe includes a windward surface on one side and a leeward surface opposite to the windward surface, and includes:

A rod extending in the axial direction,

A groove arranged in the rod body and located on the windward side and extending along the axial direction of the rod body, the groove including an opening and a bottom, the bottom being used for accumulating ice crystals;

At least one detection device, each detection device includes a photoelectric sensor installed at two ends or one end of the rod. The photoelectric sensor forms an optical path in the groove spaced from the bottom of the groove for monitoring the ice crystals accumulated on the bottom of the groove.

Each controller is connected with a photoelectric sensor, and the controller determines whether there is an ice crystal icing condition according to the change of the electrical signal fed back by the photoelectric sensor.

Wherein, the ice crystal detector further includes a plurality of airflow channels arranged in the rod body, the inlet of the airflow channel is located at the bottom of the groove of the ice crystal collecting probe, and the outlet is located on the leeward side of the ice crystal collecting probe.

Preferably, the air flow channel is a tapered air flow channel.

Preferably, the ice crystal detector further includes a supporting member, the supporting member extends longitudinally, and the ice crystal collecting probe is fixed and supported on the top end of the supporting member.

Preferably, the axis of the ice crystal collecting probe extends longitudinally, so that the bottom of the ice crystal collecting probe is supported and fixed to the top of the supporting member.

Preferably, the axis of the airflow channel is arranged obliquely along the airflow direction with respect to the cross section of the ice crystal collecting probe.

Preferably, the groove is formed by a plurality of adjacent funnel-shaped recesses, a plurality of discrete bottom ends of the plurality of funnel-shaped recesses constitute the bottom of the groove, and the inlet of the air flow channel is located at the bottom end of the funnel-shaped recess, and a cavity A light path is formed in the cavity by extending along the bottom of the groove through the slopes of the plurality of funnel-shaped recesses.

Preferably, the axis of the air flow channel is arranged parallel to the cross section of the ice crystal collecting probe.

Preferably, the ice crystal collecting probe extends axially and laterally, and is laterally fixed and supported on the top end of the supporting member.

Preferably, the ice crystal collecting probe is supported by the supporting member through its middle part.

Preferably, the depth of the groove gradually increases from the two ends of the rod toward the middle, so that the bottom of the groove is inclined in the downstream direction from the two ends to the middle compared to the axis of the rod.

Preferably, the ice crystal collecting probe further includes a rectifying element arranged at two ends or one end of the rod body, the rectifying element has a cavity and a transparent cavity, and the optical sensor is located in the cavity of the transparent cavity.

According to the present invention, there is also provided a detection method using the ice crystal detector in the above technical solution, wherein the controller is cross-linked with the aircraft icing detection system, the ice crystal detector is used to obtain ice crystal signals, and the aircraft icing detection system is used To obtain the icing signal, the controller and the aircraft icing detection system include the following judgment steps:

(1) If the ice crystal signal is true and the icing signal is true, the mixed state icing warning message will be triggered;

(2) If the ice crystal signal is true and the icing signal is false, an ice crystal icing warning message will be triggered;

(3) If the ice crystal signal is false and the icing signal is true, the supercooled water droplet icing warning message will be triggered; and

(4) If the ice crystal signal is false and the icing signal is false, no warning message will be triggered.

The ice crystal collecting probe constructed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy realization, high reliability, etc. The ice crystal collecting probe can be separated from the controller, and the installation and use range can be expanded.

The ice crystal collecting probe with groove structure constructed in the present invention ensures that it has an effective ice crystal collecting surface when the aircraft is yaw and/or at a high angle of attack; when the concentration of ice crystals in the air is small, sufficient ice crystals can accumulate on the top. Ice crystals stimulate the ice crystal signal.

By simply increasing the length of the ice crystal collection probe, on the one hand, the surface area for ice crystal collection is increased; on the other hand, the detection length is increased, and ice crystals accumulate in any part of the optical path; especially, when the aircraft is yaw and/or at a high angle of attack, The aerodynamic characteristics change, even if the rod-shaped probe is affected by interference or shielding, there is always enough effective ice crystal collecting surface area in the length direction to ensure the ice crystal detection effect under these specific conditions.

The structure of the air flow channel further ensures that the concentration of ice crystals in the air is very small, and enough ice crystals can be accumulated on the top to stimulate ice crystal signals.

Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic isometric view of an ice crystal detector according to the present invention and an enlarged view of a part B in the isometric view, which shows a first aspect according to the present invention, and the arrow direction in the figure is the airflow direction;

2 is a front view and an axial cross-sectional view of the ice crystal detector shown in FIG. 1, which shows a first embodiment according to the first aspect of the present invention;

Figure 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of the ice crystal detector shown in Figure 1;

4 is a schematic isometric view of the ice crystal detector according to the present invention and an enlarged view of part B in the isometric view, which shows a second embodiment according to the first aspect of the present invention, in the direction of the arrow in the figure Is the airflow direction;

Figure 5 is a front view and an axial sectional view of the ice crystal detector shown in Figure 4;

6 is a schematic isometric view of an ice crystal detector according to the present invention, which shows a second aspect according to the present invention, and the direction of the arrow in the figure is the direction of air flow;

7a-c are front views, cross-sectional views and axial cross-sectional views of the ice crystal detector shown in FIG. 6, which show the first embodiment according to the second aspect of the present invention;

8a-c are front views, cross-sectional views and axial cross-sectional views of the ice crystal detector shown in FIG. 6, which show a second embodiment according to the second aspect of the present invention;

Fig. 9 shows the judgment steps of the integrated warning information of the ice crystal detector combined with the aircraft icing detection system according to the present invention.

The above drawings are only schematic and are not drawn strictly to scale.

List of reference signs in the figure in the technical solutions and embodiments:

The ice crystal detector according to the present invention includes:

1-Ice crystal collection probe, including:

10-Air flow channel;

11-Rod body,

12-Windward side;

13-Leeward side;

14-groove,

14’-Funnel-shaped recess,

14a-the side of the groove,

15-opening,

16-bottom,

17-Spacer,

17a-inclined plane,

17b-cavity,

2-Supporting parts;

3-Controller;

4-Flange;

5-Arrow;

1-Ice crystal collection probe, also includes:

6-Photoelectric sensor;

6a-Transmitting end of photoelectric sensor;

6b-photoelectric sensor receiving end,

7-Rectifier components;

8-Light path.

Detailed ways

The following further describes the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to more clearly connect the inventive principles and beneficial technical effects of the present invention.

Explanation of terms used in this article:

Windward side: the side facing the airflow;

Leeward side: the side opposite to the windward side and facing away from the airflow;

Longitudinal: refers to the installation surface of the detector according to the present invention that is substantially perpendicular to the body;

Lateral: refers to the installation surface of the detector according to the present invention that is substantially parallel to the body;

Bottom end: the end of the longitudinally arranged rod body close to the supporting part of the detector;

Top end: the end of the longitudinally arranged rod away from the supporting part of the detector;

Bottom: the longitudinally arranged ice crystal collection probe is close to the end of the support part of the detector;

Top: the end of the longitudinally arranged ice crystal collecting probe away from the supporting part of the detector;

Both side ends: the opposite ends of the rod body arranged horizontally;

Slightly above freezing temperature: The temperature at which ice crystals can freeze after being collected by the detector.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, according to the present invention, an ice crystal detector is provided. The ice crystal detector includes at least one axially extending ice crystal collecting probe 1 and at least one controller 3. Each ice crystal collection probe 1 includes a windward surface 12 on one side and a leeward surface 13 opposite to the windward surface 12, and includes:

A rod 11 extending in the axial direction,

A groove 14 arranged in the rod body 11 and located on the windward surface 12 extending along the axial direction of the rod body 11. The groove 14 includes an opening 15 and a bottom 16, and the bottom 16 is used to accumulate ice crystals,

The photoelectric sensors 6 installed at the two ends or one end of the rod 11 form an optical path 8 in the groove 14 spaced from the bottom 16 of the groove 14 for monitoring the ice crystals accumulated on the bottom 16 of the groove 14.

Among them, each controller 3 is connected to the photoelectric sensor 6, and the controller 3 determines whether there is an ice crystal icing condition according to the change of the electric signal fed back by the photoelectric sensor 6. The ice crystal detector also includes a plurality of airflow channels 10 arranged in the rod body 11, the inlet of the airflow channel 10 is located at the bottom 16 of the groove 14 of the ice crystal collecting probe 1, and the outlet is located on the leeward surface 13 of the ice crystal collecting probe 1.

The ice crystal collecting probe 1 constructed according to the present invention is used for ice crystal accumulation by constructing a groove 14 on the windward surface 12, and the optical path 8 generated by the photoelectric sensor 6 detects whether there is ice crystal accumulation in the groove 14, so that the ice crystal collecting probe 1 provides the following Benefits:

By simply increasing the length of the ice crystal collecting probe 1, on the one hand, the surface area for collecting ice crystals is increased, which effectively increases the detection length of the photoelectric sensor 6. On the other hand, when the aircraft is yaw or at a high angle of attack, the aerodynamic characteristics change, The end of the ice crystal collecting probe 1 may produce a violent steady flow, which is affected by interference or shielding, but the ice crystal collecting probe 1 always has a sufficiently effective ice crystal collecting surface in the axial direction to ensure the ice crystal collecting effect under these conditions;

The optical path 8 of the present invention makes the detection method a non-contact measurement. When ice crystals accumulate in the groove 14 of the ice crystal collecting probe 1, the optical path 8 is cut off or the luminous flux is significantly reduced, and the photosensitive device at the receiving end has no electrical signal or the current signal is significantly reduced less than the setting Threshold, which characterizes the detection of ice crystal accumulation;

The invention has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, easy implementation, fast response, high precision, extremely low power consumption, and strong anti-interference ability; and

The ice crystal collection probe 1 and the controller 3 can be set separately to expand the scope of installation and use. It can also be installed on the middle frame of the windshield with lighting elements, and used as a visual icing indicator.

A series of airflow channels 10 are added to the bottom 16 of the groove 14 to accelerate the airflow to form a series of local low-pressure areas. Such airflow channels 10 are beneficial to:

Reduced the aerodynamic resistance of the ice crystal collection probe 1;

Increase the surface area of the ice crystal collection probe 1 to improve the ice crystal collection efficiency;

The circulation area of the airflow channel 10 is small, and ice crystals tend to block the airflow channel 10 when the airflow passes through the airflow channel 10, and accumulate quickly at the airflow channel 10, which is easy to trigger the ice crystal signal, especially when the content of ice crystals in the air is very small, or when the aircraft is yaw Or when the angle of attack is high, the air flow channel 10 can effectively promote the accumulation of ice crystals.

As shown in FIG. 2, the air flow channel 10 is a tapered air flow channel, and the axis of the tapered air flow channel is inclined in the direction of the air flow relative to the cross section of the ice crystal collecting probe 1. As the circulation area decreases, the tapered channel is more conducive to the acceleration of the airflow and the enhancement of the ejection effect, which is conducive to the accumulation of ice crystals. The inclined setting of the tapered channel increases the ice crystal collecting surface area and increases the airflow resistance, which is beneficial to the accumulation of ice crystals.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the ice crystal detector further includes a supporting member 2, the axis of the supporting member 2 extends in the longitudinal direction, and the ice crystal collecting probe 1 is fixed and supported on the top end of the supporting member 2. The ice crystal collecting probe 1 penetrates into the icing condition through the supporting member 2. On the windward surface 12 of the ice crystal collecting probe 1, a groove 14 with a triangular cross section is constructed along its axis. The controller 3 is integrated with the ice crystal collecting probe 1 and the supporting component, and is installed on the pneumatic surface through the flange 4. The arrow 5 indicates the direction of the air flow, and it is printed on the flange 4 with non-fading paint or pigment, and plays the role of prompting the installation direction.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the axis of the ice crystal collecting probe 1 extends longitudinally, so that the bottom of the ice crystal collecting probe 1 is supported and fixed to the top of the supporting member 2.

Preferably, the ice crystal collecting probe 1 further includes a rectifying element 7 arranged at two ends or one end of the rod body 11, the rectifying element 7 has a cavity and a transparent or opaque cavity, and the optical sensor is located in the cavity of the transparent cavity. A rectifying element 7 is provided at the end of the ice crystal collecting probe 1, and the photoelectric sensor 6 can be arranged in the rectifying element 7. Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2, the rectifying element 7 is arranged at both ends of the rod 11, so that the photoelectric sensor transmitting end 6 a is installed on the rectifying element 7 at the bottom end, and the photo sensor receiving end 6 b is installed on the rectifying element 7 at the top end. The rectifying element 7 is generally airfoil-shaped, circular, elliptical or arc-shaped, and is arranged at the end of the ice crystal collecting probe 1. On the one hand, it weakens the airflow separation at the end to ensure that the ice crystal collecting probe 1 has sufficient length and an effective ice crystal collecting area Especially in the yaw, high angle of attack, and extremely small ice crystal content, the role of the rectifier element 7 is particularly significant; on the other hand, the photoelectric sensor 6 is installed in the cavity of the rectifier element 7, which can effectively avoid or greatly Reduce the influence of external conditions (such as cloudy, cloud, sun, night, sun position, etc.), and have strong anti-interference ability.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, which show a modification of the above embodiment, the structure of the groove 14 of this embodiment is different from the structure of the groove 14 of the above embodiment. The groove 14 is formed by a plurality of adjacent funnel-shaped recesses 14', and a plurality of discrete bottom ends of the plurality of funnel-shaped recesses 14' constitute the bottom 16 of the groove 14, and the inlet of the air flow channel 10 is located at the funnel-shaped recess 14' At the bottom end, a cavity 17b extends along the bottom 16 of the groove 14 through the slopes 17a of the funnel-shaped recesses 14', and the optical path 8 is formed in the cavity 17b. That is, a plurality of spacers 17 are provided in the groove 14, the spacers 17 include inclined surfaces 17 a at both ends, and the groove 14 includes groove side surfaces 14 a on both sides. The opposite inclined surface 17a and the opposite groove side surface 14a constitute a funnel-shaped recess 14', whereby a plurality of funnel-shaped recesses 14' separated by spacers 17 are formed in the groove 14, and these funnel-shaped recesses 14' constitute槽14。 Groove 14. The cavity 17b passes through the plurality of spacers 17 and extends along the bottom 16 of the groove 14, whereby the optical path 8 extending at both ends of the rod 11 passes through the cavity 17b.

The groove 14 of the ice crystal collecting probe 1 is divided by a plurality of spacers 17 into a series of small "funnel-shaped" ice crystal collecting nests, that is, the funnel-shaped recesses 14'. The airflow is rectified and divided in front of each ice crystal collecting nest to accelerate through The airflow channel 10 at the bottom of the ice crystal collection nest makes it easier for ice crystals to accumulate in the airflow channel 10, and has the following technical effects:

Reduced the aerodynamic resistance of the ice crystal collection probe 1;

Especially when the content of ice crystals in the air is very small, or when the aircraft is yaw or at a high angle of attack state, the airflow channel 10 can effectively promote the accumulation of ice crystals.

As shown in FIG. 5, in this embodiment, the axis of the air flow channel 10 is parallel to the cross section of the ice crystal collecting probe 1.

As shown in FIG. 6, as another option, the axis of the ice crystal collecting probe 1 extends laterally, and is fixed and supported laterally on the top end of the supporting member 2, and the ice crystal collecting probe 1 is supported on the supporting member 2 through the middle.

7a-c show a front view of the ice crystal collecting probe 1 shown in FIG. 6, a cross-sectional view of five cross-sectional sections along the axial direction of the rod body 11, and a cross-sectional view of a cross-sectional view along the axial section of the rod body 11, which Shows the structure of the groove 14 of the ice crystal collecting probe 1 and the air flow channel 10, which is similar to the structure shown in FIG. 2, except that the axis of the air flow channel 10 is substantially parallel to the cross section of the ice crystal collecting probe 1 .

The bottom 16 of the groove 14 is constructed with a plurality of airflow channels 10 consistent with the airflow direction. On the one hand, it increases the ice crystal collection surface area and on the other hand improves the ice crystal collection efficiency. The ice crystal collection probe is divided into a series of small, The independent, funnel-shaped recess 14' is used as an ice crystal collecting nest. The airflow shrinks and accelerates in front of each airflow channel 10, so that ice crystals are more likely to accumulate in the channel and trigger the sensor.

Figures 8a-c show a variation of the embodiment of Figures 7a-c, which shows a front view of the ice crystal collection probe 1, a cross-sectional view of five cross-sections along the axis of the rod 11, and a cross-sectional view along the rod 11 A cross-sectional view of the axial cross-section, which shows the structure of the groove 14 and the air flow channel 10 of the ice crystal collecting probe 1. The depth of the groove 14 gradually increases from the two ends of the rod 11 toward the middle, so that the bottom of the groove 14 16 is inclined in the downstream direction from the end to the middle of the rod body 11 compared to the axis of the rod 11.

The depth of the groove 14 gradually deepens, and the depth of the middle part of the groove 14 is greater than that on both sides, which further encourages the airflow to carry ice crystals to the middle of the ice crystal collecting probe to accumulate. Especially when the concentration of ice crystals in the air is very small, enough ice crystals can accumulate on the top to stimulate ice crystal signals.

As shown in FIG. 9, it shows the detection method using the ice crystal detector according to the present invention, wherein the controller 3 is cross-linked with the aircraft icing detection system, the ice crystal detector is used to obtain ice crystal signals, and the aircraft icing detection The system is used to obtain the icing signal, the controller 3 and the aircraft icing detection system include the following judgment steps:

When the ice crystal signal is true, it means that the ice crystal icing condition is detected, otherwise, it is not detected; the icing signal is true, it means that the supercooled water droplet icing condition is detected, otherwise, it is not detected.

Combined with the icing signal sent by the aircraft's icing detection system, a comprehensive logical judgment can be made to detect and distinguish the icing conditions of supercooled water droplets and ice crystals, and trigger corresponding warning messages.

The above content describes the specific embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art should understand that these are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these implementations without departing from the principle and essence of the present invention, and these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. For example, some configurations according to the first aspect of the present invention may be interchanged with some configurations according to the second aspect of the present invention.

The various features in the above embodiments can also be combined arbitrarily within a reasonable range based on the principles of the present invention, and this combination also falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

An ice crystal detector, characterized in that it comprises:

At least one axially extending ice crystal collecting probe (1), each of the ice crystal collecting probes (1) includes a windward surface (12) on one side and a leeward surface (13) opposite to the windward surface (12), and includes :

A rod (11) extending in the axial direction,

A groove (14) provided in the rod body (11) and located on the windward surface (12) extending along the axial direction of the rod body (11), the groove (14) comprising an opening (15) And a bottom (16), the bottom (16) is used to accumulate ice crystals;

At least one detection device, each detection device includes a photoelectric sensor (6) installed at two ends or one end of the rod body (11), and the photoelectric sensor (6) is formed in the groove (14). The light path (8) spaced from the bottom (16) of the groove (14) is used to monitor ice crystals accumulated on the bottom (16) of the groove (14);

At least one controller (3), each of the controllers (3) is connected to the photoelectric sensor (6), and the controller (3) changes according to the electrical signal fed back by the photoelectric sensor (6), Judge whether there are ice crystal freezing conditions;

Wherein, it also includes a plurality of airflow channels (10) arranged in the rod body (11), and the inlet of the airflow channel (10) is located at the bottom of the groove (14) of the ice crystal collecting probe (1). The bottom (16) has an outlet located on the leeward surface (13) of the ice crystal collecting probe (1).
The ice crystal detector according to claim 1, wherein:

The air flow channel (10) is a tapered air flow channel.
The ice crystal detector according to claim 2, wherein:

The ice crystal detector further comprises a supporting member (2), the supporting member (2) extends longitudinally, and the ice crystal collecting probe (1) is fixed and supported on the top end of the supporting member (2).
The ice crystal detector of claim 3, wherein:

The axis of the ice crystal collecting probe (1) extends longitudinally, so that the bottom of the ice crystal collecting probe (1) is supported and fixed to the top of the supporting member (2).
The ice crystal detector of claim 4, wherein:

The axis of the airflow channel (10) is arranged obliquely along the airflow direction with respect to the cross section of the ice crystal collecting probe (1).
The ice crystal detector of claim 4, wherein:

The groove (14) is formed by a plurality of adjacent funnel-shaped recesses (14'), and a plurality of discrete bottom ends of the funnel-shaped recesses (14') constitute all the grooves (14). The bottom (16), the inlet of the air flow channel (10) is located at the bottom end of the funnel-shaped recess (14'), and the cavity (17b) extends along the bottom (16) of the groove (14) The light path (8) is formed in the cavity (17b) through the inclined surfaces (17a) of a plurality of the funnel-shaped recesses (14').
The ice crystal detector according to claim 6, wherein:

The axis of the air flow channel (10) is arranged parallel to the cross section of the ice crystal collecting probe (1).
The ice crystal detector of claim 3, wherein:

The ice crystal collecting probe (1) extends axially and laterally, and is laterally fixed and supported on the top end of the supporting member (2).
The ice crystal detector according to claim 8, wherein:

The ice crystal collecting probe (1) is supported by the supporting member (2) through its middle part.
The ice crystal detector according to claim 9, wherein:

The axis of the air flow channel (10) is arranged parallel to the cross section of the ice crystal collecting probe (1).
The ice crystal detector of claim 10, wherein:

The depth of the groove (14) gradually increases from the two side ends of the rod body (11) toward the middle, so that the bottom (16) of the groove (14) is from the two sides to the middle. It is inclined to the downstream direction than the axis of the rod body (11).
The ice crystal detector according to claim 1, wherein:

The ice crystal collection probe (1) also includes a rectifying element (7) arranged at two ends or one end of the rod body (11), the rectifying element (7) has a cavity and a transparent cavity, and the photoelectric sensor is located at the In the cavity of the transparent cavity.
A method for detecting using the ice crystal detector according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein the controller (3) is cross-linked with the aircraft icing detection system, and the ice crystal detector is used to obtain An ice crystal signal, the aircraft icing detection system is used to obtain an icing signal, and the controller (3) and the aircraft icing detection system include the following judgment steps:

(1) If the ice crystal signal is true and the icing signal is true, the mixed state icing warning message will be triggered;

(2) If the ice crystal signal is true and the icing signal is false, an ice crystal icing warning message will be triggered;

(3) If the ice crystal signal is false and the icing signal is true, the supercooled water droplet icing warning message will be triggered; and

(4) If the ice crystal signal is false and the icing signal is false, no warning message will be triggered.