CN209972788U - Supercooled water drop icing detector and mixed icing detector - Google Patents
Supercooled water drop icing detector and mixed icing detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN209972788U CN209972788U CN201920697453.2U CN201920697453U CN209972788U CN 209972788 U CN209972788 U CN 209972788U CN 201920697453 U CN201920697453 U CN 201920697453U CN 209972788 U CN209972788 U CN 209972788U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a supercooled water droplet detector and mixed state detector that freezes. The supercooled water droplet icing detector includes an axially extending supercooled water droplet icing probe and a controller. The icing probe comprises a windward side on one side and a leeward side opposite to the windward side, and comprises a first rod body and a detection device, wherein the first rod body extends along a first axial direction. The detection device comprises a first photoelectric sensor arranged at the end part of the first rod body, wherein the first photoelectric sensor forms a first light path spaced from the surface of the first rod body on the windward side and is used for monitoring icing formed on the surface of the first rod body. The controller is connected with the detection device and judges whether the supercooled water droplet icing condition exists or not according to the change of the electric signal fed back by the first photoelectric sensor. The mixed state icing detector comprises an ice crystal collecting probe and the supercooled water drop icing detector. The utility model has the advantages of structural style is simple, the reliability is high, can enlarge installation and application range with probe part and controller separation setting.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the supercooled water droplet field that freezes and specifically relates to a detect aircraft whether exist supercooled water droplet detector that freezes of the condition of freezing aloft. The utility model discloses it freezes the detector to still relate to a mixed attitude who surveys the aircraft and whether have ice crystal condition and supercooled water droplet icing condition aloft.
Background
The icing conditions encountered by the airplane flying in the air comprise aeronautical provision 14CFR 25 appendix C conventional supercooled water drop icing conditions (the water drop diameter is less than or equal to 50um), 14CFR 25 appendix O supercooled large water drop icing conditions (50 mu m < water drop diameter < 500 mu m, called frost hair rain; water drop diameter is more than or equal to 500 mu m, called frost rain), and 14CFR 33 appendix D ice crystal icing conditions. The utility model discloses will annex C conventional supercooling water droplet and annex O supercooling large water droplet are collectively called as the supercooling water droplet. When the icing condition contains supercooled water drops and ice crystal icing condition, the icing condition is called as mixed icing condition.
The icing detection can detect the condition that the airplane enters the icing at the early stage, send icing warning information and prompt a pilot to take corresponding actions in time, and is an improvement measure for guaranteeing flight safety.
Supercooled water droplets cause icing of the aerodynamic surfaces of the aircraft (wing leading edge, nacelle leading edge, etc.), resulting in degradation of the aircraft's operational stability quality, loss of flight performance, and reduced flight safety margins. Detectors for detecting icing conditions of supercooled water droplets are generally referred to as icing detectors or icing condition detectors.
The ice crystal icing condition exists in the peripheral area of the high-altitude convection storm and cannot be detected by a meteorological radar of an airplane, when the airplane enters the ice crystal icing condition, the ice crystal is rebounded on the surfaces of a low-temperature airplane body and an engine so as not to cause the body to be iced, but can enter the engine, and melts on a compressor blade to generate icing along with the rise of temperature, so that the blade tip of the blade is warped and torn, further the thrust loss of the engine is caused, and accidents such as surging, stalling and flameout occur; and ice crystals can block pitot tubes and total temperature sensor probes, causing altitude and temperature data anomalies, compromising flight safety. Detectors that detect ice crystal icing conditions are commonly referred to as ice crystal detectors or ice particle detectors.
In recent years, supercooled large water droplets and ice crystal icing conditions have caused several crashes, and have gradually attracted the attention of the airworthiness authorities, and legal regulations for ice crystal icing conditions, namely supplement O in part 14CFR 25 and supplement D in part 14CFR 33, have been successively issued for the purpose of improving flight safety measures. However, at present, there is no case where a supercooled water droplet, ice crystal icing condition or mixed icing condition detection device is actually applied to an aircraft.
US 7,104,502 discloses an icing detector with a cylindrical magnetostrictive probe, when supercooled water drops impact on the probe, the vibration frequency of the probe decreases with the increase of the icing mass, and an icing signal is sent out after the vibration frequency decreases to a threshold value, so that the icing condition of ice crystals cannot be detected.
Patent US 7,014,357 discloses an icing condition detector, wherein a bridge is formed by two dry and wet platinum resistance temperature sensors in a probe, the concentration of supercooled water drops is different, the voltage difference is different, and the icing signal is sent out when the voltage changes to a threshold value. The ice crystals pass through the sensor along with the high-speed airflow, and cannot freeze on the temperature sensor, so that the ice crystal freezing condition cannot be detected.
Patent US 7,845,221 discloses an ice crystal detection device, which consists of two parallel conical pipes, one conical pipe is constantly heated, the other conical pipe is not heated, two pressure sensors respectively measure the pressures of the conical pipes to calculate the pressure difference, the ice crystal impacts the conical pipe to block the conical pipe, the pressure difference changes to a threshold value, and an alarm is given. The defects that the structure of two conical pipes is complex and the electric power consumption is large.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a supercooled water droplet detector that freezes, it includes at least one axially extended supercooled water droplet probe and at least one controller that freezes. Each supercooled water droplet icing probe comprises a supercooled water droplet icing probe windward side and a supercooled water droplet icing probe leeward side opposite to the supercooled water droplet icing probe windward side, and the supercooled water droplet icing probe comprises a first rod body and a detection device, wherein the first rod body extends along a first axial direction. The detection device comprises a first photoelectric sensor arranged at the end part of the first rod body, wherein the first photoelectric sensor forms a first light path spaced from the surface of the first rod body on the windward side and is used for monitoring icing formed on the surface of the first rod body. Each controller is connected with the detection device, and the controller judges whether the supercooled water drop icing condition exists or not according to the change of the electric signal fed back by the first photoelectric sensor.
Preferably, the diameter of the first rod is in the range of 5mm-8mm, the distance between the first optical path and the windward side of the supercooled water droplet icing probe is in the range of 0.3mm-0.5mm, the supercooled water droplet icing probe further comprises first rectifying elements arranged at two ends of the first rod, and the first photoelectric sensor is installed in the first rectifying elements.
Preferably, the first photosensor is an active photosensor, and the luminous flux thereof is constant.
Preferably, the first photoelectric sensor is a transmission type photoelectric sensor or a switch type photoelectric sensor, and the emitting end and the receiving end of the first photoelectric sensor are respectively arranged in the first rectifying elements at the two ends of the first rod.
Preferably, the first photoelectric sensor is a reflection type photoelectric sensor, the transmitting end and the receiving end of the first photoelectric sensor are arranged in the first rectifying element at one end of the supercooled water droplet freezing probe, and the surface of the first rectifying element at the other end of the supercooled water droplet freezing probe, which is opposite to the receiving end, is a light reflection surface.
Preferably, the cross-sectional profile of the first fairing element includes a circle, a drop, or an airfoil.
Preferably, the supercooled water droplet freezing probe further includes a heating device including a first temperature sensor and a first electric heating element provided at the first rectifying element, and a second temperature sensor and a second electric heating element provided at the first rod, the first electric heating element being for heating the first rectifying element, the second electric heating element being for heating the first rod.
Preferably, the icing probe further comprises a support member for supporting the supercooled water droplet icing probe such that the support member and the first rod body extend longitudinally.
According to the utility model discloses a second aspect provides a mixed state icing detector, and it includes that at least one ice crystal collects probe and at least one such as the supercooled water droplet icing detector among the above-mentioned technical scheme. Each ice crystal collecting probe includes an ice crystal collecting probe windward side on the same side as that of the supercooled water droplet freezing probe and an ice crystal collecting probe leeward side opposite to the ice crystal collecting probe windward side, and includes:
a second rod body extending along a second axial direction,
a groove disposed in the second rod body at a windward side extending in a second axial direction of the second rod body, the groove including an opening and a bottom for accumulating ice crystals, an
And the detection device comprises second photoelectric sensors arranged at two ends or one end of the second rod body, and the second photoelectric sensors form second light paths separated from the bottom of the groove in the groove and are used for monitoring ice crystals accumulated on the bottom of the groove.
The controller is connected with the second photoelectric sensor, and judges whether an ice crystal icing condition exists according to the change of the electric signal fed back by the second photoelectric sensor. The second rod body is longitudinally arranged, fixed and supported at the top end of the first rod body.
Preferably, on the basis of the supercooled water droplet icing detector, the second rod body is a cylinder, the distance between the second light path and the windward side of the ice crystal collecting probe is the same as that of the first light path, the ice crystal collecting probe further comprises second rectifying elements arranged at two ends or one end of the second rod body, and the second photoelectric sensor is installed in the second rectifying elements.
Preferably, the first rectifying element arranged at the top end of the first rod body and the second rectifying element arranged at the bottom end of the second rod body are the same rectifying element, and the second rectifying element is the same as the first rectifying element.
Preferably, the supercooled water droplet icing detector is the supercooled water droplet icing detector of the above technical solution, wherein the second photoelectric sensor is the same as the first photoelectric sensor.
Preferably, the supercooled water droplet icing detector is the supercooled water droplet icing detector of the above technical scheme, wherein the ice crystal collecting probe further comprises a heating device identical to the supercooled water droplet icing probe.
Preferably, the controller is configured to determine the following logic:
e. if the ice crystal signal is true and the icing signal is true, the controller excites the mixed icing alarm signal;
f. if the ice crystal signal is true and the icing signal is false, the controller excites the ice crystal icing alarm signal;
g. if the ice crystal signal is false and the icing signal is true, the controller excites the supercooled water drop icing alarm signal;
h. and if the ice crystal signal is false and the icing signal is false, the controller does not excite the icing alarm signal.
The utility model discloses a general beneficial effect: the utility model has the advantages of simple structure form, high reliability and the like, and is easy to install and arrange on the fly. According to the technical scheme, the probe part and the controller can be arranged separately, and the installation and use range is enlarged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic isometric view of a supercooled water droplet icing detector, showing a first embodiment according to the present invention, with the direction of the arrows being the direction of the air flow;
FIG. 2 is a schematic isometric view of a hybrid icing detector illustrating a second embodiment according to the present invention, wherein the hybrid icing detector shown incorporates the supercooled water droplet icing detector shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the hybrid icing detector shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of several cross-sections taken along the axial direction of the hybrid icing detector shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of the view shown in FIG. 3, showing a specific configuration of an ice crystal collecting probe.
FIG. 6 illustrates the decision logic contained by the controller in the hybrid icing detector shown in FIG. 2.
The figures are purely diagrammatic and not drawn true to scale.
List of reference numerals in the figures in the technical solutions and embodiments:
1-an ice crystal collection probe comprising:
11-second rod body
12-the windward side of the ice crystal collecting probe;
13-leeward side of ice crystal collecting probe;
14-a groove;
15-opening of the groove;
16-the bottom surface of the groove;
2-a support member;
3-a controller;
4-a flange plate;
5-arrow head;
1-an ice crystal collection probe, further comprising:
6-a second photosensor;
7-a second rectifying element;
8-a second optical path of detection;
9-ice crystals;
1 a-a supercooled water droplet icing probe, comprising:
11 a-a first stick;
12 a-the windward side of the super-cooled water drop icing probe;
13 a-the leeward side of the super-cooled water drop icing probe;
7 a-first rectifying element.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples, which will make it clear that the inventive principles and the advantageous technical effects thereof are connected.
The terms used herein describe:
windward side: the side facing the air flow;
a leeward side: the side opposite to the windward side and back to the airflow;
longitudinal direction: means substantially perpendicular to the body of the machine, mounting surface of the detector according to the invention;
transverse: means substantially parallel to the body of the machine, the mounting surface of the detector according to the invention;
bottom end: an end of the support member adjacent the probe;
top end: an end of the support member remote from the probe;
slightly above freezing temperature: the temperature at which ice crystals can still freeze after they are collected on the detector.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a supercooled water droplet icing detector for detecting whether the aircraft has the icing condition of supercooled water droplets in the air. The supercooled water droplet icing detector includes at least one axially extending supercooled water droplet icing probe 1a and at least one controller 3. Each supercooled water droplet freezing probe 1a includes a windward side 12a on one side and a leeward side 13a opposite to the windward side 12a, and includes:
a first rod 11a extending in the first axial direction;
and a first photoelectric sensor installed at both ends or one end of the first rod 11a, the first photoelectric sensor forming a first optical path (not shown) spaced apart from the surface of the first rod 11a at the windward side 12a, the first optical path extending in the first axial direction between both ends of the first rod 11a for monitoring ice formed on the surface of the first rod 11 a.
Each controller 3 is connected with the first photoelectric sensor, and the controller 3 judges whether the supercooled water droplet icing condition exists or not according to the change of the electric signal fed back by the first photoelectric sensor.
According to the utility model discloses the supercooled water droplet probe 1a that freezes of structure has following beneficial effect:
a. by simply increasing the length of the supercooled water droplet icing probe 1a1, on the one hand, the icing surface area of supercooled water droplets is increased, and on the other hand, the detection length of the photoelectric sensor is effectively increased. When the airplane is in a yawing or large attack angle state, the aerodynamic characteristics change, the end part of the supercooled water droplet icing probe 1a can generate violent steady flow and is influenced by interference or shielding, but the axial direction of the supercooled water droplet icing probe 1a always has a supercooled water droplet icing surface which is effective enough, and the supercooled water droplet icing effect under the conditions is ensured.
b. Adopt the utility model discloses for detection mode is non-contact measurement. When the supercooled water drops are frozen on the windward side 12 of the supercooled water drop freezing probe 1a, the light path is cut off or the luminous flux is remarkably reduced, and the electricity-free signal or the current signal of the photosensitive device at the receiving end is remarkably reduced to be smaller than a set threshold value, which indicates that the supercooled water drops are frozen.
c. The utility model discloses simple structure, the reliability is high, easily realizes, and the response is fast, and the precision is high, and the consumption is minimum, and the interference killing feature is strong.
d. The supercooled water droplet icing probe 1a and the controller 3 can be arranged separately, and the installation and use range is expanded. The device can also be matched with an illuminating element and arranged on the windshield middle frame to be used as a visual icing indicating rod.
First embodiment
Specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the supercooled water droplet icing detector includes an axially extending supercooled water droplet icing probe 1a, an axially extending support member 2, a flange plate 4, and a controller 3. The supercooled water droplet icing probe 1a and the supporting component 2 are longitudinally arranged, and the bottom end of the supercooled water droplet icing probe 1a is fixed and supported at the top end of the supporting component 2, so that the supercooled water droplet icing probe 1a penetrates into an icing condition through the supporting structure. The controller 3 is constructed as an integrated structure with the supercooled water droplet freezing probe 1a and the support member 2, and is mounted on the aerodynamic surface of the aircraft via a flange 4. Wherein the arrows 5 indicate the direction of the air flow, are printed on the flange 4 using a non-fading paint or pigment and serve to indicate the direction of installation. Preferably, the diameter of the first rod 11a is in the range of 5mm to 8mm, and the diameter of the supercooled water droplets is small relative to the diameter of the cylinder. The water collection coefficient of the conventional super-cooled water drops is extremely high and can reach more than 0.9. And with the diameter of the supercooled water drops increasing, the splashing, crushing, overflowing and the like of the large supercooled water drops are enhanced, the water collection coefficient is obviously reduced, and the cylinder is caused to freeze in a delayed manner or cannot freeze, so that the cylinder with a larger diameter is adopted for the large supercooled water drops. The cylindrical first rod body 11a enables supercooled water drops to form ice accretion after being collided, and rebound splashing cannot accumulate after ice crystal collision. The distance between the first light path and the windward side 12a is in the range of 0.3mm-0.5mm, so that on one hand, the detection precision is ensured, and on the other hand, the light path is prevented from being influenced by the pollution of impurities such as dust, grease and the like on the surface.
The supercooled water droplet freezing probe 1a further includes first rectifying elements 7a provided at both ends of the first rod 11a, and the first rectifying elements 7a may be provided only at the top end or the bottom end of the first rod, so that the first photoelectric sensor may be installed in the first rectifying elements 7a at both ends of the first rod 11a or in the first rectifying elements 7a at one end of the first rod 11 a. The first photoelectric sensor generates a first light path for detection, and when supercooled water droplets are frozen on the first rod body 11a, the first light path is cut off or the luminous flux is significantly changed, and an ice crystal freezing signal is emitted.
On one hand, the first rectifying element 7a can weaken the air flow separation at the end part, so that the super-cooled water drop probe is ensured to have an effective super-cooled water drop icing area with enough length, and particularly, the first rectifying element 7a has an obvious effect under the conditions of yaw and large attack angle and when the content of the super-cooled water drops is extremely small; on the other hand, the first photoelectric sensor is installed at the recessed part in the first rectifying element 7a, so that the influence of external conditions (such as cloudy days, clouds, sunlight, night, sun direction and the like) can be effectively avoided or greatly reduced, and the anti-interference capability is strong. Preferably, the first rectifying element 7a may be a transparent body.
Preferably, the first photosensor is an active photosensor, the luminous flux of which is constant. Further preferably, the active photoelectric sensor may be a transmission type photoelectric sensor, a switching type photoelectric sensor, whose emitting end and receiving end are respectively disposed in the first rectifying elements 7a at the top end and the bottom end of the supercooled water droplet probe. The active photoelectric sensor may be a reflection type photoelectric sensor, the emission end and the reception end of which are disposed in the first rectifying element 7a at one end (e.g., the tip end) of the supercooled water droplet freezing probe 1a, and the surface of the first rectifying element 7a at the other end facing the opposite end is a light reflection surface.
The active photoelectric sensor comprises a light emitting diode or a laser diode of an emitting end, the receiving end comprises a photosensitive device, the optical characteristic of the emitting end can be modulated in advance, a first light path for detection is formed by constant luminous flux, the influence of external conditions (such as cloudy days, clouds, sunshine, night, solar directions and the like) can be effectively avoided or greatly reduced, and the anti-interference capability is high. By using the open-light type photoelectric sensor, when supercooled water drops are frozen on the first rod body 11a, the first light path is cut off, and the photosensitive device at the receiving end has no electric signal.
The cross-sectional profile of the first fairing element 7a can include a circle, a drop, or an airfoil. Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the first rectifying element 7a is circular, so that the cross-sectional shape of the first rectifying element 7a is made to conform to the cross-sectional shape of the supercooled water droplet freezing probe 1a, and the shapes of the first rectifying element and the cross-sectional shape of the supercooled water droplet freezing probe are matched to achieve the rectifying effect.
Further, the first rectifying element 7a of the supercooled water droplet freezing probe 1a is provided with a first temperature sensor and a first electric heating element (not shown in the figure), and the rod body of the supercooled water droplet freezing probe 1a is provided with a second temperature sensor and a second heating element (not shown in the figure). The temperature sensor is used for controlling to start the first photoelectric sensor to start detection when the set temperature is reached; and controlling the heating power of the heating element.
Second embodiment
On the basis of foretell supercooled water droplet detector that freezes, reunion according to the utility model discloses an ice crystal collecting probe 1 that figure 5 is shown just can form the mixed state detector that freezes that can survey the mixed state condition of freezing. As shown in fig. 2, the hybrid icing detector includes an ice crystal collecting probe 1 as shown in fig. 5 and a supercooled water droplet icing detector as shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 5, the ice crystal collecting probe 1 includes a windward side 12 on the same side as the supercooled water droplet freezing probe 1a and a leeward side 13 opposite to the windward side 12, and includes: a second rod 11 extending in the second axial direction; a groove 14 provided in the second rod 11 at the windward side 12 extending in the second axial direction of the second rod 11, the groove 14 including an opening 15 and a bottom 16, the bottom 16 for accumulating ice crystals; a second photosensor 6 mounted at either or both ends of the second rod 11, the second photosensor 6 forming a second light path 8 in the groove 14 spaced from the bottom 16 of the groove 14, the second light path 8 being similar to the first light path for monitoring ice crystals accumulated on the bottom 16 of the groove 14.
The controller 3 of the supercooled water droplet icing detector is connected with the second photoelectric sensor 6, and the controller 3 judges whether the ice crystal icing condition exists according to the change of the electric signal fed back by the second photoelectric sensor 6. The second rod 11 is longitudinally arranged, fixed and supported at the top end of the first rod 11a, and the second photoelectric sensor 6 is the same as the first photoelectric sensor.
The rod body of probe 1 is collected to the ice crystal and the body of rod of super cold water droplet icing probe 1a sets up to the cylinder of axial symmetry for the flow field can remain stable and along axial equipartition, and the yaw angle and the angle of attack change of aircraft are very little to the freezing performance influence of cylinder.
As shown in FIG. 5, the first light path 8 is disposed in the groove 14 of the ice crystal collecting probe 1 at a distance ranging from 0.3mm to 0.5mm from the bottom 16 of the groove 14. The ice crystal collecting probe 1 further comprises second rectifying elements 7 which are identical to the first rectifying elements 7a and are arranged at both ends of the second rod 11, and the second rectifying elements 7 may be arranged only at the top end or the bottom end of the second rod 11. Preferably, the first rectifying element 7a disposed at the top end of the first rod 11a and the second rectifying element 7 disposed at the bottom end of the second rod 11 are the same rectifying element. The second photosensor 6 is also mounted in the second rectifying element 7, as is the first photosensor.
The ice crystal collecting probe 1 may further comprise the same heating means as the ice crystal collecting probe 1, with the second rectifying member 7 being provided with the same temperature sensor and electric heating element as the first temperature sensor and electric heating element (not shown in the figure), and the second rod 11 being provided with the same temperature sensor and electric heating element as the second temperature sensor and electric heating element (not shown in the figure).
As shown in fig. 6, the controller 3 of the hybrid icing detector is configured to include the following logic decisions:
1) if the ice crystal signal is true and the icing signal is true, the controller 3 excites the mixed icing alarm signal;
2) if the ice crystal signal is true and the icing signal is false, the controller 3 excites the ice crystal icing alarm signal;
3) if the ice crystal signal is false and the icing signal is true, the controller 3 excites the supercooled water drop icing alarm signal;
4) if the ice crystal signal is false and the icing signal is false, the controller 3 does not activate the icing warning signal.
The ice crystal signal is true, the icing condition of the ice crystal is detected, otherwise, the ice crystal signal is not detected; the icing signal is true, indicating that the icing condition of the supercooled water drops is detected, otherwise, not detecting. According to the signal states detected by the two probes, the controller 3 carries out comprehensive logic judgment, can detect and distinguish ice crystal icing conditions, supercooled water droplet icing conditions and mixed icing conditions, and can excite corresponding alarm signals.
The foregoing describes particular embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that these are by way of example only and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or combinations of the technical features of the embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention, and the changes or combinations all fall into the protection scope of the invention. For example, the ice crystal collection probe and the cold water droplet icing probe may be repositioned.
Claims (14)
1. A supercooled water droplet icing detector, comprising:
at least one axially extending supercooled water droplet freezing probe (1a), each of said supercooled water droplet freezing probes (1a) comprising a supercooled water droplet freezing probe windward side (12a) on one side and a supercooled water droplet freezing probe leeward side (13a) opposite to said supercooled water droplet freezing probe windward side (12a), and comprising:
a first rod (11a) extending in a first axial direction;
a detection device, the detection device comprising:
a first photosensor installed at an end of the first rod body (11a), the first photosensor forming a first optical path spaced from a surface of the first rod body (11a) on a windward side (12a) of the supercooled water droplet icing probe, for monitoring icing formed on the surface of the first rod body (11 a);
and each controller (3) is connected with the detection device, and the controller (3) judges whether the supercooled water drop icing condition exists or not according to the change of the electric signal fed back by the first photoelectric sensor.
2. The icing detector according to claim 1, wherein the first rod body (11a) has a diameter in a range of 5mm to 8mm, the distance between the first optical path and the supercooled water droplet icing probe windward surface (12a) is in a range of 0.3mm to 0.5mm, the supercooled water droplet icing probe (1a) further includes first rectifying elements (7a) provided at both ends of the first rod body (11a), and the first photoelectric sensor is installed in the first rectifying element (7 a).
3. An ice detector as claimed in claim 2 wherein the first photoelectric sensor is an active photoelectric sensor having a constant luminous flux.
4. An ice detector according to claim 3, wherein said first photosensor is a transmission photosensor or a switch photosensor, the transmitting end and the receiving end of which are arranged in said first rectifying elements (7a) at said two ends of the first rod (11a), respectively.
5. The icing detector according to claim 3, wherein the first photosensor is a reflection type photosensor whose transmission end and reception end are provided in the first rectifying element (7a) at one end of the supercooled water droplet icing probe (1a), and a surface of the first rectifying element (7a) at the other end of the supercooled water droplet icing probe (1a) opposite to the reception end is a light reflection surface.
6. Ice detector according to claim 2, characterised in that the cross-sectional profile of the first rectifying element (7a) comprises a circle, a drop, or an airfoil.
7. The icing detector according to claim 2, wherein the supercooled water droplet icing probe (1a) further comprises a heating device including a first temperature sensor and a first electric heating element provided at the first rectifying element (7a) for heating the first rectifying element (7a), and a second temperature sensor and a second electric heating element provided at the first rod (11a) for heating the first rod (11 a).
8. The icing detector according to claim 1, further comprising a support member (2) for supporting the supercooled water droplet icing probe (1a) such that the support member (2) and the first rod body (11a) extend longitudinally.
9. A mixed ice detector comprising at least one ice crystal collecting probe (1) and at least one supercooled water droplet ice detector as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8,
wherein each of the ice crystal collecting probes (1) includes an ice crystal collecting probe windward side (12) on the same side as that of the supercooled water droplet freezing probe (1a) and an ice crystal collecting probe leeward side (13) opposite to the ice crystal collecting probe windward side (12), and includes:
a second rod (11) extending in a second axial direction,
a groove (14) provided in the second shaft (11) at the ice crystal collecting probe windward side (12) extending in the second axial direction of the second shaft (11), the groove (14) comprising an opening (15) and a bottom (16), the bottom (16) being for accumulating ice crystals,
-a detection device comprising a second photosensor (6) mounted at either or both ends of the second rod (11), said second photosensor (6) forming a second light path (8) in the recess (14) spaced from the bottom (16) of the recess (14) for monitoring ice crystals accumulated on the bottom (16) of the recess (14);
the controller (3) is connected with the second photoelectric sensor (6), and the controller (3) judges whether an ice crystal icing condition exists according to the change of the electric signal fed back by the second photoelectric sensor (6); and
the second rod body (11) is longitudinally arranged, fixed and supported at the top end of the first rod body (11 a).
10. The hybrid icing detector of claim 9, wherein the supercooled water droplet icing detector is the supercooled water droplet icing detector of claim 2, wherein the second rod body (11) is a cylinder, the distance between the second optical path (8) and the ice crystal collecting probe windward side (12) is the same as the first optical path, the ice crystal collecting probe (1) further comprises second rectifying elements (7) provided at both ends or one end of the second rod body (11), and the second photoelectric sensor (6) is installed in the second rectifying elements (7).
11. The hybrid icing detector according to claim 10, wherein the first rectifying element (7a) arranged at the top end of the first rod (11a) and the second rectifying element (7) arranged at the bottom end of the second rod (11) are one and the same rectifying element, the second rectifying element (7) being identical to the first rectifying element (7 a).
12. The hybrid icing detector of claim 11, wherein the supercooled water droplet icing detector is a supercooled water droplet icing detector of claim 4 or 5, wherein the second photosensor (6) is identical to the first photosensor.
13. The hybrid icing detector of claim 12, wherein the supercooled water droplet icing detector is the supercooled water droplet icing detector of claim 7, wherein the ice crystal collecting probe (1) further comprises the same heating means as the supercooled water droplet icing probe (1 a).
14. The hybrid icing detector of claim 9, wherein the controller (3) is configured to include the following logic to determine:
a. if the ice crystal signal is true and the icing signal is true, the controller (3) excites the mixed icing alarm signal;
b. if the ice crystal signal is true and the icing signal is false, the controller (3) excites the ice crystal icing alarm signal;
c. if the ice crystal signal is false and the icing signal is true, the controller (3) excites the supercooled water drop icing alarm signal;
d. if the ice crystal signal is false and the icing signal is false, the controller (3) does not excite the icing alarm signal.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP4016088A1 (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-06-22 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Surface acoustic wave sensors for air data probes |
| EP4306421A1 (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2024-01-17 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Temperature-based suppression of spurious ice signals |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP4016088A1 (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-06-22 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Surface acoustic wave sensors for air data probes |
| US11549914B2 (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2023-01-10 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Surface acoustic wave sensors for air data probes |
| EP4306421A1 (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2024-01-17 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Temperature-based suppression of spurious ice signals |
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