CN109927910B - Ice crystal detector and detection method - Google Patents
Ice crystal detector and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109927910B CN109927910B CN201910404095.6A CN201910404095A CN109927910B CN 109927910 B CN109927910 B CN 109927910B CN 201910404095 A CN201910404095 A CN 201910404095A CN 109927910 B CN109927910 B CN 109927910B
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- ice crystal
- groove
- probe
- icing
- detector
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D15/00—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft
- B64D15/20—Means for detecting icing or initiating de-icing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
- G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of ice crystal detector, collects probe and detection device including axially extending ice crystal.It includes windward side and the leeward opposite with windward side in side that ice crystal, which collects probe, and including the body of rod, positioned at windward side along the axially extending groove of the body of rod and be mounted on the photoelectric sensors of body of rod both ends or one end.Groove includes opening and bottom.Photoelectric sensor is formed in a groove and the optical path of the bottom interval of groove, for monitoring the ice crystal on bottom portion of groove.Controller is connected with photoelectric sensor, and controller judges whether there is ice crystal icing conditions according to the change in electric of photo-sensor feedback.It further include multiple airflow channels in the body of rod, the import of airflow channel is located at the bottom that ice crystal collects the groove of probe, and outlet is located at the leeward that ice crystal collects probe.The ice crystal panel detector structure is simple, high reliablity, it is easy to accomplish, the small ice crystal detector of electrical power consumed can detect in the air with the presence or absence of ice crystal icing conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ice crystal detector field, especially a kind of detection aircraft whether there is ice crystal icing in the sky
The ice crystal detector of condition and the method for carrying out this detection.The invention further relates to a kind of detection aircrafts whether there is ice in the sky
The mixed state icing detector of brilliant ice-formation condition and super-cooling waterdrop ice-formation condition.
Background technique
The ice-formation condition that aircraft flight suffers from the sky includes that 14 CFR of seaworthiness clause, 25 appendix Cs are routinely subcooled
Water droplet ice-formation condition (drop diameter≤50um), (50 μm of < water droplets are straight for the 14 big super-cooling waterdrop ice-formation conditions of the annex O of CFR 25
500 μm of diameter <, referred to as freezing drizzle；Drop diameter >=500 μm, referred to as sleet) and 14 CFR, 33 Appendix D ice crystal icing items
Part.Appendix C routine super-cooling waterdrop and the big super-cooling waterdrop of annex O are referred to as super-cooling waterdrop by the present invention.In ice-formation condition, simultaneously
Contain super-cooling waterdrop and ice crystal icing conditions, referred to as mixed state ice-formation condition.
Icing detection can enter ice-formation condition in early detection to aircraft, issue icing warning information, prompt pilot
Corresponding actions are taken in time, are a corrective measures for ensureing flight safety.
Super-cooling waterdrop causes aircraft aerodynamic surface (leading edge of a wing, nacelle leading edge etc.) to freeze, and aircraft is caused to grasp steady quality drop
Grade, flying quality loss and Flight Safety Margin decline.The detector for detecting super-cooling waterdrop ice-formation condition, which commonly referred to as freezes, to be visited
Survey device or and ice formation condition detector.
Ice crystal icing conditions are present in the peripheral region of high-altitude Convective Storms, and cannot be by the meteorological radar sounding of aircraft
It arrives, when aircraft enters ice crystal icing conditions, ice crystal is repelled in the airframe and engine surface of low temperature not will cause body
It freezes, but is able to enter engine interior, with the rising of temperature, melt on compressor blade and generate icing, lead to leaf
The blade tip warpage of piece and tearing, and then motor power is caused to lose, the accidents such as surge, stall, flame-out occur；And ice crystal can
Pitot tube and total temperature probe probe can be blocked, causes height and temperature data abnormal, jeopardizes flight safety.Ice crystal is detected to freeze
The detector of condition is commonly referred to as ice crystal detector or ice pellets detector.
In recent years, big super-cooling waterdrop and ice crystal icing conditions result in several air crash accidents, gradually aiMonhiness authority are caused to be closed
Note has issued 33 Appendix D ice crystal icing conditions law rule of the big super-cooling waterdrop of 14 CFR, 25 annex O and 14 CFR successively
Chapter, for improving flight safety measure.But currently, not thering is also super-cooling waterdrop, ice crystal icing conditions or mixed state ice-formation condition to visit
Device practical application is surveyed in the case of aircraft.
US7,104,502 disclose a kind of icing detector with cylindrical type magnetostriction probe, when super-cooling waterdrop is hit
It hits on probe, as icing quality increases the decline of probe vibration frequency, issues icing signal after being reduced to threshold values, can not detect
Ice crystal icing conditions.
Patent US 7,014,357 discloses a kind of ice formation condition detector, is passed in probe by two dry and wet platinum resistance temperatures
Sensor constitutes an electric bridge, and super-cooling waterdrop concentration different voltages difference is different, and voltage change to threshold values issues icing signal.Ice crystal with
High-speed flow passes through sensor, will not freeze on temperature sensor, can not detect ice crystal icing conditions.
Patent US7,845,221 disclose a kind of ice crystal detection device, are made of two conical tubes arranged side by side, one
The constant heating of conical tube, a conical tube do not heat, and two pressure sensors measure the calculation of pressure pressure difference of the two, ice crystal respectively
It strikes the latter's conical tube and blocks the conical tube, pressure difference changes to threshold value, issues alarm.Shortcoming, two conical tubes
Construction, structure is complicated, and electric power consumption is big.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of ice crystal detectors comprising at least one is axially extending
Ice crystal collect probe and at least one detection device.It includes in the windward side and and windward side of side that each ice crystal, which collects probe,
Opposite leeward, and include:
The body of rod axially extended,
It is arranged in the body of rod, the axially extending groove positioned at windward side along the body of rod, groove includes opening and bottom, bottom
For gathering ice crystal；
At least one detection device, each detection device include the photoelectric sensor for being mounted on body of rod both ends or one end, light
Electric transducer is formed in a groove and the optical path of the bottom interval of groove, for monitoring the ice crystal accumulated on the bottom of groove.
Each controller is connected with photoelectric sensor, and controller is according to the change in electric of photo-sensor feedback,
Judge whether there is ice crystal icing conditions.
Wherein, ice crystal detector further includes multiple airflow channels being arranged in the body of rod, and the import of airflow channel is located at ice
Crystalline substance collects the bottom of the groove of probe, and outlet is located at the leeward that ice crystal collects probe.
Preferably, airflow channel is tapered airflow channel.
Preferably, ice crystal detector further includes support member, support member longitudinally extends, and ice crystal collects probe and fixes and prop up
Support is on the top of support member.
Preferably, the axis vertical that ice crystal collects probe extends, the bottom for making ice crystal collect probe is supported and fixed in branch
The top of support part part.
Preferably, the axis of airflow channel is obliquely installed with respect to the cross section downstream direction that ice crystal collects probe.
Preferably, groove is formed by multiple adjacent funnel shaped depressions, multiple discrete bottom ends of multiple funnel shaped depressions
The bottom of groove is constituted, the import of airflow channel is located at the bottom end of funnel shaped depression, and a cavity is extended through along the bottom of groove
The inclined-plane of multiple funnel shaped depressions, optical path are formed in cavity.
Preferably, the axis of airflow channel is arranged in parallel with respect to the cross section that ice crystal collects probe.
Preferably, the axial direction that ice crystal collects probe is laterally extended, and laterally fix and support in the top of support member.
Preferably, ice crystal, which collects probe, is supported in support member by its middle part.
Preferably, the axis of airflow channel is parallel to the cross section setting that ice crystal collects probe.
Preferably, depth of groove is gradually deepened from the two side ends of the body of rod towards middle part so that the bottom of groove from two side ends to
Middle part is tilted compared to the axis of the body of rod to downstream direction.
Preferably, it further includes the rectifier cell that body of rod both ends or one end are arranged in that ice crystal, which collects probe, rectifier cell has
Chamber and transparent cavity, optical sensor are located in the chamber of transparent cavity.
According to the present invention, also provide it is a kind of by adopting the above technical scheme in the method that is detected of ice crystal detector,
Wherein, controller and aircraft icing detection system are crosslinked, and ice crystal detector is used to obtain ice crystal signal, aircraft icing detection system
For obtaining icing signal, controller and aircraft icing detection system include following judgment step:
(1) if ice crystal signal is that very, icing signal is very, then to excite mixed state icing warning information；
(2) if ice crystal signal is that very, icing signal is vacation, then ice crystal icing warning information is excited；
(3) if ice crystal signal is vacation, icing signal is very, then to excite super-cooling waterdrop icing warning information；And
(4) if ice crystal signal is vacation, icing signal is vacation, then does not excite warning information.
The ice crystal that the present invention constructs, which collects probe, has structure type simple, it is easy to accomplish, high reliability can incite somebody to action
Ice crystal collects pop one's head in, expansion installation and use scope separately positioned with controller.
The ice crystal for the groove structure that the present invention constructs collects probe, ensure that and works as aircraft yaw, and/or big angle of attack state
When, it may have effective ice crystal collects surface；In the sky when Ice Crystal Concentration very little, also enough ice crystals can be gathered at top,
Excite ice crystal signal.
Probe length is collected by simply increasing ice crystal, on the one hand increases the surface area that ice crystal is collected；On the other hand increase
Detection length is added, there is ice crystal accumulation in any part in optical path；Particularly, when aircraft is under yaw and/or big angle of attack state, gas
Dynamic characteristic variation always has ice crystal effective enough to receive even if the influence that pole probe is interfered or shields on length direction
Collect surface area, ensure that the ice crystal Effect on Detecting under these specified conditions.
The airflow channel of construction when further ensuring Ice Crystal Concentration very little in the sky, can also gather enough at top
Ice crystal, excite ice crystal signal.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the amplification of the local B in the schematic isometric views and isometric views of ice crystal detector according to the present invention
Figure, it illustrates according to the first aspect of the invention, arrow direction is airflow direction in figure；
Fig. 2 is the front view of ice crystal detector shown in Fig. 1, axial, cross-sectional view, and it illustrates first according to the present invention
The first embodiment of aspect；
Fig. 3 is the axial, cross-sectional view of ice crystal detector shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the amplification of the local B in the schematic isometric views and isometric views of ice crystal detector according to the present invention
Figure, it illustrates second embodiment according to the first aspect of the invention, arrow direction is airflow direction in figure；
Fig. 5 is the front view of ice crystal detector shown in Fig. 4, axial, cross-sectional view；
Fig. 6 is the schematic isometric views of ice crystal detector according to the present invention, and it illustrates according to the present invention second
A aspect, arrow direction is airflow direction in figure；
Fig. 7 a-c is the sectional view and axial, cross-sectional view of the front view of ice crystal detector shown in Fig. 6, multiple cross sections, is shown
First embodiment according to the second aspect of the invention is gone out；
Fig. 8 a-c is the sectional view and axial, cross-sectional view of the front view of ice crystal detector shown in Fig. 6, multiple cross sections, is shown
Second embodiment according to the second aspect of the invention is gone out；
Fig. 9 shows the comprehensive warning information judgement of ice crystal detector combination aircraft icing detection system according to the present invention
Step.
Above-mentioned attached drawing is only schematical, does not draw in strict accordance with ratio.
List of the appended drawing reference in technical solution and embodiment in figure:
Ice crystal detector according to the present invention, comprising:
1- ice crystal collects probe, comprising:
10- airflow channel；
The 11- body of rod,
The windward side 12-；
13- leeward；
14- groove,
14 '-funnel shaped depressions,
14a- groove side,
15- opening,
The bottom 16-,
17- interval body,
The inclined-plane 17a-,
17b- cavity,
2- support member；
3- controller；
4- ring flange；
5- arrow；
1- ice crystal collects probe, further includes:
6- photoelectric sensor；
6a- photoelectric sensor transmitting terminal；
6b- photoelectric sensor receiving end,
7- rectifier cell；
8- optical path.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that it is former more clearly to connect invention of the invention
Reason and beneficial technical effect.
Term explanation used herein:
Windward side: in face of the one side of air-flow；
Leeward: it is opposite with windward side, back to the one side of air-flow；
It is longitudinal: to refer to the mounting surface of the installation detector according to the present invention basically perpendicular to body；
Laterally: referring to the mounting surface for being basically parallel to the installation detector according to the present invention of body；
Bottom end: the longitudinally disposed body of rod is close to one end of the support member of detector；
Top: one end of support member of the longitudinally disposed body of rod far from detector；
Bottom: longitudinally disposed ice crystal, which is collected, pops one's head in close to the end of the support member of detector；
Top: longitudinally disposed ice crystal collects the end for the support member far from detector of popping one's head in；
Two side ends: the opposite both ends for the body of rod being laterally arranged；
Slightly higher than freezing point temperature: ice crystal still is able to the temperature to freeze after being collected into detector.
As shown in figs. 1 and 6, according to the present invention, a kind of ice crystal detector is provided, which includes at least one axis
Probe 1 and at least one controller 3 are collected to the ice crystal of extension.It includes in the windward side 12 of side that each ice crystal, which collects probe 1,
The leeward 13 opposite with windward side 12, and include:
The body of rod 11 axially extended,
It is arranged in the body of rod 11, the axially extending groove 14 positioned at windward side 12 along the body of rod 11, groove 14 includes opening
15 and bottom 16, bottom 16 for gathering ice crystal,
It is mounted on the photoelectric sensor 6 of 11 both ends or one end of the body of rod, photoelectric sensor 6 is formed and groove 14 within grooves 14
Bottom 16 be spaced optical path 8, for monitoring the ice crystal on the bottom 16 for accumulating in groove 14.
Wherein, each controller 3 is connected with photoelectric sensor 6, and the electricity that controller 3 is fed back according to photoelectric sensor 6
Signal intensity judges whether there is ice crystal icing conditions.Ice crystal detector further includes that multiple air-flows being arranged in the body of rod 11 are logical
Road 10, the import of airflow channel 10 are located at the bottom 16 that ice crystal collects the groove 14 of probe 1, and outlet is located at ice crystal and collects probe
1 leeward 13.
Ice crystal constructed according to the invention is collected probe 1 and is gathered by constructing groove 14 in windward side 12 for ice crystal, matches
The optical path 8 that light combination electric transducer 6 generates is detected in groove 14 and is gathered with the presence or absence of ice crystal, and such ice crystal is collected probe 1 and provided
It is following the utility model has the advantages that
1 length of probe is collected by simply increasing ice crystal, on the one hand, increase the surface area for collecting ice crystal, it is effective to increase
The detection length of photoelectric sensor 6 is added, on the other hand, when aircraft is under yaw or big angle of attack state, aerodynamic characteristic changes, ice
The end that crystalline substance collects probe 1 may generate violent current stabilization, the influence for being interfered or shielding, but ice crystal collects probe 1
It is axial always to there is ice crystal effective enough to collect surface, it ensure that the ice crystal collecting effect under the conditions of these；
Optical path 8 of the invention makes detection mode be non-cpntact measurement, and collecting in the groove 14 for popping one's head in 1 when ice crystal has ice crystal
Accumulation, optical path 8 is cut off or luminous flux significantly reduces, and the light-sensitive device of receiving end is less than without electric signal or electric current number significant decrease
Threshold value is set, and characterization has detected ice crystal accumulation；
The configuration of the present invention is simple, high reliablity, it is easy to accomplish, response is fast, and precision is high, micro power consumption, has anti-interference energy
The strong advantage of power；And
It is separately positioned with controller 3 that ice crystal can be collected to probe 1, expand installation and use scope.Illumination member can also be cooperated
Part is mounted on windscreen central frame, is used as visual icing indicating arm.
The bottom 16 of groove 14 increases a series of airflow channel 10, so that air-flow acceleration passes through, forms a series of office
The low-pressure area in portion, such airflow channel 10 are conducive to:
Reduce the aerodynamic drag that ice crystal collects probe 1；
The surface area that ice crystal collects probe 1 is increased, ice crystal collection efficiency is improved；
The circulation area of airflow channel 10 is smaller, and ice crystal is with air-flow by being easy to block airflow channel when airflow channel 10
10, gathered rapidly at airflow channel 10, be easy to trigger ice crystal signal, especially in air ice crystal content very little when, or when fly
When machine yaw or big angle of attack state, airflow channel 10 effectively can promote ice crystal to gather.
As shown in Fig. 2, airflow channel 10 is tapered airflow channel, and the axis of tapered airflow channel is received with respect to ice crystal
The cross section downstream direction of collection probe 1 is obliquely installed.Reduction of the tapered channels with circulation area, more advantageous air-flow acceleration increasing
Storing injection effect is conducive to ice crystal accumulation.Tapered channels are obliquely installed, and are increased ice crystal and are collected surface area, and increase gas
Flow resistance power is conducive to the accumulation of ice crystal.
As shown in figs. 1 and 6, ice crystal detector further includes support member 2, and the axis of support member 2 extends longitudinally, ice crystal
Probe 1 is collected to fix and be supported on the top of support member 2.Ice crystal collects probe 1 and is deep into icing item by support member 2
In part, the windward side 12 of probe 1 is collected in ice crystal, is the groove 14 of triangle along one cross section of its axis configurations.Controller 3
Probe 1, support are collected with ice crystal to be designed by part integration, and aerodynamic surface is mounted on by ring flange 4.Wherein arrow 5 shows
Airflow direction using non-fading paint or color-printed in ring flange 4, and plays the role of prompting installation direction.
Ice crystal is set to collect probe as shown in Figure 1, the axis that ice crystal collects probe 1 longitudinally extends as a preferred embodiment
1 bottom is supported and fixed in the top of support member 2.
Preferably, it further includes the rectifier cell 7 that 11 both ends or one end of the body of rod are arranged in, rectifier cell 7 that ice crystal, which collects probe 1,
With chamber and transparent or opaque cavity, optical sensor is located in the chamber of transparent cavity.The end of probe 1 is collected in ice crystal
Portion is provided with rectifier cell 7, so that it may which photoelectric sensor 6 is arranged in rectifier cell 7.Preferably, as shown in Fig. 2, rectification
The both ends of the body of rod 11 are arranged in element 7, so that photoelectric sensor transmitting terminal 6a is installed on the rectifier cell 7 of bottom end, on top
Rectifier cell 7 on install photoelectric sensor receiving end 6b.Rectifier cell 7 is generally aerofoil profile, circle, ellipse or arc, setting
The end of probe 1 is collected in ice crystal, on the one hand, the air-flow separation for weakening end guarantees that ice crystal collects probe 1 and has sufficient length
Area is collected with effective ice crystal, especially in yaw, big situations of attack and minimum ice crystal content, the work of rectifier cell 7
With especially pronounced；On the other hand, photoelectric sensor 6 is mounted on the chamber in rectifier cell 7, can effectively avoid or greatly subtract
The influence at few external condition (such as cloudy day, cloud, sunlight, night, solar azimuth etc.), strong antijamming capability.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, it illustrates a variations of above-described embodiment, and 14 structure of groove of the embodiment is not
It is same as 14 structure of groove of above-described embodiment.Groove 14 is formed by multiple adjacent funnel shaped depressions 14 ', multiple funnel shaped depressions
14 ' multiple discrete bottom ends constitute the bottom 16 of groove 14, and the import of airflow channel 10 is located at the bottom of funnel shaped depression 14 '
End, a cavity 17b extend through the inclined-plane 17a of multiple funnel shaped depressions 14 ' along the bottom of groove 14 16, and optical path 8 is formed in appearance
In chamber 17b.That is, multiple interval bodies 17 are arranged within grooves 14, interval body 17 includes the inclined-plane 17a at both ends, and groove 14 includes
Groove side 14a in two sides.Opposite inclined-plane 17a and opposite groove side 14a constitute funnel shaped depression 14 ', thus
Multiple funnel shaped depressions 14 ' being spaced apart by interval body 17 are formd in groove 14, these funnel shaped depressions 14 ' constitute recessed
Slot 14.Cavity 17b passes through multiple interval bodies 17 and extends along the bottom of groove 14 16, the optical path thus extended at the both ends of the body of rod 11
8 pass through cavity 17b.
The groove 14 that ice crystal collects probe 1 is divided into the ice of " infundibulate " of series of small by multiple interval bodies 17
Crystalline substance collects nest, that is, funnel shaped depression 14 ', and air-flow is collected in each ice crystal and is rectified segmentation in front of nest, accelerates to collect nest by ice crystal
The airflow channel 10 of bottom, ice crystal is more easier to gather in airflow channel 10, also, has the following technical effect that
Reduce the aerodynamic drag that ice crystal collects probe 1；
The surface area that ice crystal collects probe 1 is increased, ice crystal collection efficiency is improved；
When special ice crystal content very little in air, or when aircraft yaw or big angle of attack state, airflow channel 10 can
Effectively ice crystal is promoted to gather.
As shown in figure 5, in this embodiment, the axis of airflow channel 10 is parallel with respect to the cross section that ice crystal collects probe 1
Setting.
As shown in fig. 6, alternatively, the axis that ice crystal collects probe 1 is laterally extended, and laterally fixed and branch
It supports in the top of support member 2, ice crystal collects probe 1 and is supported in support member 2 by its middle part.
Fig. 7 a-c shows ice crystal shown in fig. 6 and collects the front view of probe 1, five axial cross sections along the body of rod 11
One sectional view of the sectional view of section and the axial cross section section along the body of rod 11, it illustrates the grooves that ice crystal collects probe 1
14 and airflow channel 10 construction, this is configured similarly to construction shown in Fig. 2, unlike, the axis of airflow channel 10 is basic
On be parallel to ice crystal collect probe 1 cross section setting.
The bottom 16 of groove 14 be configured with the consistent multiple airflow channels 10 of airflow direction, on the one hand increase ice crystal receipts
Collect surface area, on the other hand improve the collection efficiency of ice crystal, ice crystal collection probe is divided into a series of, small-sized, independent
, funnel shaped depression 14 ', be used as ice crystal and collect nest, air-flow shrinks acceleration in front of each airflow channel 10, and ice crystal is more easier
It is gathered in channel, trigger sensor.
Fig. 8 a-c shows a variant form of Fig. 7 a-c embodiment, it illustrates ice crystal collect probe 1 front view,
Along the sectional view of five axial cross-sectional profiles of the body of rod 11 and a sectional view of the axial cross section section along the body of rod 11,
It shows ice crystal and collects the groove 14 of probe 1 and the construction of airflow channel 10,14 depth of groove is from the two side ends of the body of rod 11 in
Portion gradually deepens, so that the bottom 16 of groove 14 is tilted compared to the axis of the body of rod 11 to downstream direction from two side ends to middle part.
14 depth of groove is gradually deepened, and groove 14 depth in middle section is greater than two sides, and air-flow is further promoted to carry ice crystal
The accumulation of probe middle part is collected to ice crystal.Especially in the sky Ice Crystal Concentration very little when, also can gather enough ice crystals at top,
Excite ice crystal signal.
As shown in figure 9, it illustrates the methods detected using ice crystal detector according to the present invention, wherein control
Device 3 processed is crosslinked with aircraft icing detection system, and ice crystal detector is used to obtain ice crystal signal, and aircraft icing detection system is used to obtain
Icing signal is obtained, controller 3 and aircraft icing detection system include following judgment step:
(1) if ice crystal signal is that very, icing signal is very, then to excite mixed state icing warning information；
(2) if ice crystal signal is that very, icing signal is vacation, then ice crystal icing warning information is excited；
(3) if ice crystal signal is vacation, icing signal is very, then to excite super-cooling waterdrop icing warning information；And
(4) if ice crystal signal is vacation, icing signal is vacation, then does not excite warning information.
When ice crystal signal is that very, characterization detects ice crystal icing conditions, conversely, not detecting；Icing signal is true, characterization
Super-cooling waterdrop ice-formation condition is detected, conversely, not detecting.
In conjunction with the icing signal that the icing detection system of aircraft issues, integrated logic judgement is carried out, can be detected and area
Divide super-cooling waterdrop ice-formation condition, ice crystal icing conditions, and excites corresponding warning information.
The above content describes a specific embodiment of the invention, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that these
It is merely illustrative of, protection scope of the present invention is to be defined by the appended claims.Those skilled in the art without departing substantially from
Under the premise of the principle and substance of the present invention, various changes or modifications can be made to these embodiments, these change and repair
Change and each falls within protection scope of the present invention.For example, some constructions according to the first aspect of the invention can with according to this hair
Some constructions of bright the second aspect exchange.
Each feature in above embodiments principle can also make any combination according to the present invention in the reasonable scope, this
Combination is also fallen within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of ice crystal detector characterized by comprising
At least one axially extending ice crystal collects probe (1), each ice crystal collect probe (1) include side windward
Face (12) and the leeward (13) opposite with windward side (12), and include:
The body of rod (11) axially extended,
It is arranged in the body of rod (11), is located at the windward side (12) along the axially extending groove of the body of rod (11)
(14), the groove (14) includes opening (15) and bottom (16), and the bottom (16) is for gathering ice crystal；
At least one detection device, each detection device include the photoelectric transfer for being mounted on the body of rod (11) both ends or one end
Sensor (6), the photoelectric sensor (6) form in the groove (14) and are spaced with the bottom (16) of the groove (14)
Optical path (8), for monitoring the ice crystal on the bottom (16) for accumulating in the groove (14)；
At least one controller (3), each controller (3) is connected with the photoelectric sensor (6), and the controller
(3) change in electric fed back according to the photoelectric sensor (6), judges whether there is ice crystal icing conditions；
It wherein, further include multiple airflow channels (10) being arranged in the body of rod (11), the import of the airflow channel (10)
The bottom (16) of the groove (14) of probe (1) is collected positioned at the ice crystal, outlet is located at ice crystal collection and visits
The leeward (13) of head (1).
2. the ice crystal detector as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The airflow channel (10) is tapered airflow channel.
3. the ice crystal detector as described in claim 2, which is characterized in that
The ice crystal detector further includes support member (2), and the support member (2) longitudinally extends, and the ice crystal collects probe
(1) it fixes and is supported on the top of support member (2).
4. the ice crystal detector as described in claim 3, which is characterized in that
The axis vertical that the ice crystal collects probe (1) extends, and the ice crystal is made to collect the bottom support of probe (1) and solid
Due to the top of the support member (2).
5. ice crystal detector as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that
The cross section downstream direction that the relatively described ice crystal of the axis of the airflow channel (10) collects probe (1) is obliquely installed.
6. ice crystal detector as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that
The groove (14) is formed by multiple adjacent funnel shaped depressions (14 '), multiple funnel shaped depressions (14 ') it is multiple
Discrete bottom end constitutes the bottom (16) of the groove (14), and the import of the airflow channel (10) is located at the infundibulate
The bottom end of recess portion (14 '), it is recessed that cavity (17b) along the bottom (16) of the groove (14) extends through multiple infundibulates
The inclined-plane (17a) in portion (14 '), the optical path (8) are formed in the cavity (17b).
7. ice crystal detector as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that
The cross section that the relatively described ice crystal of the axis of the airflow channel (10) collects probe (1) is arranged in parallel.
8. the ice crystal detector as described in claim 3, which is characterized in that
The axial direction that the ice crystal collects probe (1) is laterally extended, and is laterally fixed and supported in the top of the support member (2)
End.
9. ice crystal detector as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that
The ice crystal collects probe (1) and is supported in the support member (2) by its middle part.
10. ice crystal detector as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that
The axis of the airflow channel (10) is parallel to the cross section setting that the ice crystal collects probe (1).
11. the ice crystal detector as described in claim 10, which is characterized in that
Groove (14) depth is gradually deepened from the two side ends of the body of rod (11) towards middle part, so that the institute of the groove (14)
Axis of the bottom (16) from the two side ends to the middle part compared to the body of rod (11) is stated to tilt to downstream direction.
12. ice crystal detector as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
It further includes rectifier cell (7) of the setting in the body of rod (11) both ends or one end that the ice crystal, which collects probe (1), described whole
Fluid element (7) has chamber and transparent cavity, and the photoelectric sensor is located in the chamber of the transparent cavity.
13. a kind of method that the ice crystal detector using as described in any one in claim 1-12 is detected,
In, the controller (3) and aircraft icing detection system are crosslinked, and the ice crystal detector is used to obtain ice crystal signal, described to fly
Machine icing detection system is used to obtain icing signal, and the controller (3) and aircraft icing detection system include following judgement step
It is rapid:
(1) if ice crystal signal is that very, icing signal is very, then to excite mixed state icing warning information；
(2) if ice crystal signal is that very, icing signal is vacation, then ice crystal icing warning information is excited；
(3) if ice crystal signal is vacation, icing signal is very, then to excite super-cooling waterdrop icing warning information；And
(4) if ice crystal signal is vacation, icing signal is vacation, then does not excite warning information.
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| CN110466778B (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2022-08-30 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Icing detector |
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| CN1820289A (en) * | 2003-08-20 | 2006-08-16 | 波音公司 | Methods and systems for detecting icing conditions |
| CN105373693A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-03-02 | 波音公司 | Ice crystal icing engine event probability estimation apparatus, system, and method |
| CN106081123A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of ice crystal detector probe and include the complicated ice formation condition detector of this probe |
| GB2547635A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2017-08-30 | Penny & Giles Aerospace Ltd | Sensor method |
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| US9201031B2 (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2015-12-01 | Science Engineering Associates, Inc. | Cloud ice detector |
| CN109927910B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-09 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Ice crystal detector and detection method |
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| CN1820289A (en) * | 2003-08-20 | 2006-08-16 | 波音公司 | Methods and systems for detecting icing conditions |
| CN105373693A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-03-02 | 波音公司 | Ice crystal icing engine event probability estimation apparatus, system, and method |
| GB2547635A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2017-08-30 | Penny & Giles Aerospace Ltd | Sensor method |
| CN106081123A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of ice crystal detector probe and include the complicated ice formation condition detector of this probe |
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