CN111216899A - Icing detector based on grating optical fiber deformation - Google Patents
Icing detector based on grating optical fiber deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111216899A CN111216899A CN202010087684.9A CN202010087684A CN111216899A CN 111216899 A CN111216899 A CN 111216899A CN 202010087684 A CN202010087684 A CN 202010087684A CN 111216899 A CN111216899 A CN 111216899A
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- net
- windward
- ice crystal
- optical fiber
- icing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D15/00—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft
- B64D15/20—Means for detecting icing or initiating de-icing
Abstract
The invention relates to an icing detector based on grating optical fiber deformation, which comprises an icing rod, wherein the icing rod is provided with a plurality of ice crystal collecting holes which are arranged periodically along the axial direction of the icing rod, the ice crystal collecting holes penetrate from the windward side to the leeward side of the icing rod, one end of each ice crystal collecting hole, which is positioned on the windward side, is provided with a windward net, the other end of each ice crystal collecting hole, which is positioned on the leeward side, is provided with a leeward net, an elastic strut is also arranged between the windward net and the leeward net, and the elastic strut is provided with a grating optical fiber along the axial direction; this detector freezes based on grating optic fibre deformation through setting up windward net and leeward net in ice crystal collecting hole, sets up grating optic fibre between windward net and leeward net, when ice crystal collecting hole collected the ice crystal, the ice crystal can extrude the windward net, and the windward net takes place the displacement and extrudes grating optic fibre to lead to grating optic fibre's resonance wavelength to change, through the change of the resonance wavelength who detects grating optic fibre, just can detect the state of freezing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of airplane detection equipment, and particularly relates to an icing detector based on grating optical fiber deformation.
Background
The icing conditions encountered in the air during flying include the airworthiness clause 14CFR 25 appendix C conventional supercooled water droplet icing conditions (droplet diameter is less than or equal to 50um), 14CFR 25 appendix O supercooled large droplet icing conditions (droplet diameter is more than 50um and less than 500 um, called frizzy hair rain, droplet diameter is more than or equal to 500 um, called frizzy rain), and 14CFR 33 appendix D ice crystal icing conditions.
Ice crystal icing conditions exist in the peripheral regions of high altitude convection storms and cannot be detected by the aircraft's weather radar. When an airplane enters an ice crystal icing condition, ice crystals are rebounded on the surfaces of the airplane body and the engine at low temperature, so that the airplane body cannot be iced, but the ice crystals can enter the engine, and are melted on the blades of the compressor along with the rise of temperature to generate icing, so that the tips of the blades are warped and torn, the thrust loss of the engine is further caused, and accidents such as surging, stalling and flameout occur; and ice crystals can block pitot tubes and total temperature sensor probes, causing altitude and temperature data anomalies, compromising flight safety.
Icing conditions encountered in flight, about 99% of which are conventional supercooled water droplet icing conditions, are typically fitted with an icing detector. The supercooled large water drops, ice crystals and mixed icing conditions are about 1%, but the supercooled large water drops and ice crystals icing conditions cause a plurality of crash accidents in recent years, and gradually attract the attention of the airworthiness authorities, and legal regulations of the supercooled large water drops in appendix O of part 14CFR 25 and the ice crystals icing conditions in appendix D of part 14CFR 33 are issued successively for improving flight safety measures. However, at present, there is no case where a supercooled water droplet, ice crystal icing condition or mixed icing condition detection device is actually applied to an aircraft.
Patent application No. 201910740817.5 discloses an icing detector that basically comprises an icing bar and a first photosensor. The ice forming rod is provided with a plurality of ice crystal collecting holes which penetrate from the windward side to the leeward side along the extension direction of the ice forming rod. The first photoelectric sensors are arranged at two opposite end parts of the icing rod, and form a first light path at the windward side of the icing rod. When the supercooled water drops impact the icing rod to be iced, the first light path is partially or completely shielded, and the first photoelectric sensor is excited to send out a supercooled water drop icing signal.
However, in practical applications, the icing detector still has defects, cannot well detect the icing condition of the aircraft, and is particularly easy to be interfered, so that errors of detection signals are caused, and a lot of false icing conditions are reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an icing detector based on grating optical fiber deformation, which comprises an icing rod, wherein the icing rod is provided with a plurality of ice crystal collecting holes which are arranged periodically along the axial direction of the icing rod, the ice crystal collecting holes penetrate from the windward side to the leeward side of the icing rod, one end, positioned on the windward side, of each ice crystal collecting hole is provided with a windward net, the other end, positioned on the leeward side, of each ice crystal collecting hole is provided with a leeward net, an elastic strut is further arranged between the windward nets and the leeward nets, and the elastic strut is provided with a grating optical fiber along the axial direction of the elastic strut.
The elastic support is an elastic sleeve, and the grating optical fiber is arranged inside the elastic support.
The side wall of ice crystal collecting hole is provided with the spout, the windward net is provided with the support, the support coincide with the spout for the windward net can slide in the ice crystal collecting hole.
The spout is provided with 3 at least, the support that sets up on the windward net is the same with the quantity of spout.
A plurality of bulges are arranged on the windward net.
The windward net is concave.
The side wall of the ice crystal collecting hole is provided with a heating element.
The periphery of the elastic support column is also provided with a protection tube, one end of the protection tube is connected with the lee net, and the other end of the protection tube is a free end.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the icing detector based on the grating optical fiber deformation is characterized in that the windward net and the leeward net are arranged in the ice crystal collecting hole, the grating optical fiber is arranged between the windward net and the leeward net, when the ice crystal is collected by the ice crystal collecting hole, the ice crystal extrudes the windward net, the windward net displaces, and the grating optical fiber is extruded, so that the resonance wavelength of the grating optical fiber changes, the icing state can be detected by detecting the change of the resonance wavelength of the grating optical fiber, and the grating optical fiber icing detector has higher sensitivity and accuracy and can accurately position the icing position because the detected light path is set in the grating optical fiber.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a grating fiber icing detector.
FIG. 2 is a first schematic view of the structure of ice crystal collecting pores.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a channel structure of an ice crystal collecting hole.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the elastic support column.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a light windward net.
FIG. 6 is a second schematic structural view of ice crystal collecting pores.
FIG. 7 is a third schematic view of the structure of ice crystal collecting pores.
FIG. 8 is a fourth schematic view of the structure of ice crystal collecting pores.
In the figure: 1. an ice bar; 2. an ice crystal collection well; 3. a windward net; 4. a leeward net; 5. an elastic support; 6. a grating optical fiber; 7. a supporting seat; 8. a heating element; 9. a chute; 10. a support; 11. a protrusion; 12. and (5) protecting the tube.
Detailed Description
To further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structural features and effects of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The invention provides an icing detector based on grating optical fiber deformation as shown in figures 1 and 2, which comprises an icing rod 1, wherein the icing rod 1 is arranged above a support rod 7, a control device is arranged below the support rod 7, the control device is generally arranged in an airplane, and part of the icing rod 1 is arranged outside the airplane to collect ice crystals; the ice bar 1 is provided with a plurality of ice crystal collecting holes 2 which are arranged periodically along the axial direction, the ice crystal collecting holes 2 penetrate from the windward side to the leeward side of the ice bar 1, one end, located on the windward side, of each ice crystal collecting hole 2 is provided with a windward net 3, the other end, located on the leeward side, of each ice crystal collecting hole 2 is provided with a leeward net 4, an elastic strut 5 is further arranged between the windward net 3 and the leeward net 4, the elastic strut 5 is provided with a grating optical fiber 6 along the axial direction, and the elastic strut 5 has a protection effect on the grating optical fiber 6, so that the violent extrusion force can be relieved; the windward net 3 can block ice crystals entering the ice crystal collecting holes 2, the ice crystals can form extrusion force on the windward net 3, the windward net 3 can generate pressure on the grating optical fibers 6 under the extrusion of the ice crystals, the resonance wavelength of the grating optical fibers 6 can be changed after the grating optical fibers 6 are extruded, the detection of the ice crystals can be realized by detecting the resonance wavelength of the light waves transmitted in the grating optical fibers 6, and the resonance wavelength change of the grating optical fibers 6 is very sensitive, so that the icing detector based on the resonant cavity has higher sensitivity and accuracy.
Furthermore, the mesh size of the leeward net 4 is smaller than that of the windward net 3, so that the leeward net 4 is firmer than the windward net 3, the deformation of the leeward net 4 is reduced, and even the deformation is avoided, namely, during measurement, only the position of the windward net 3 moves, and the movement corresponds to the size of ice crystals, and the measurement accuracy is improved.
Furthermore, as shown in fig. 4, the elastic support 5 is an elastic sleeve, and the grating fiber 6 is disposed inside the elastic support 5, so that the grating fiber 6 can be prevented from being worn by ice crystals passing through the windward network, and meanwhile, the grating fiber 6 can be better isolated from the outside so as to be prevented from being affected by other external factors.
Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, a sliding groove 9 is provided on a side wall of the ice crystal collecting hole 2, the windward net 3 is provided with a support 10, and the support 10 is engaged with the sliding groove 9, so that the windward net 3 can slide in the ice crystal collecting hole 2.
The number of the sliding grooves 9 is at least 3, and the number of the supports 10 arranged on the windward net 3 is the same as that of the sliding grooves 9. Of course, the sliding groove 9 may be provided with 4, the brackets 10 provided on the windward net 3 are also provided with 4, and each bracket 10 can be matched with the sliding groove 9.
Furthermore, as shown in fig. 6, a plurality of protrusions 11 are arranged on the windward net 3, the protrusions 1 can be conical or spherical, and have elasticity on one hand, so that the windward net 3 can be prevented from being damaged by violent impact, and ice crystals can roll towards holes of the windward net 3 on the other hand, thereby facilitating the ice crystals with small sizes to pass through the windward net 3.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, the windward network 3 is concave, and the curvature center is on the left side, so that the stress point of the windward network 3 is concentrated in the middle, and the grating optical fiber 6 can be squeezed by a greater squeezing force, so that the change of the resonance wavelength of the grating optical fiber 6 is more obvious, and at the same time, under the action of the heating element 8, ice crystals can fall off from the windward network 3, so that the ice detector can recover the ice crystal detection state more quickly.
The lateral wall of ice crystal collecting hole 2 is provided with heating element 8, when needs, can melt through heating element 8 ice crystal on the net 3 or in the ice crystal collecting hole 2 that faces the wind to make the ice detector can be faster resume ice crystal detection state.
Further, as shown in fig. 8, a protection tube 12 is further disposed on the periphery of the elastic strut 5, one end of the protection tube 12 is connected to the leeward network 4, and the other end of the protection tube 12 is a free end, so that the protection tube 12 can protect the elastic strut 5, and the protection tube 13 is connected to the leeward network 4 but not connected to the windward network 3, so that the elastic strut has a free moving space, thereby preventing the windward network 3 from excessively squeezing the grating optical fiber 6, and damaging the grating optical fiber 6; the middle part of the windward net 3 is not provided with a hole, so that ice crystals are prevented from entering the gap between the protection tube 12 and the elastic strut 5, and the protective effect is also realized on the elastic strut 5.
The windward net 3, the leeward net 4 and the protrusions 11 may be made of metal, such as stainless steel or copper.
To sum up, this detector freezes based on grating optic fibre deformation, through set up windward net 3 and leeward net 4 in ice crystal collecting hole 2, set up grating optic fibre 6 between windward net 3 and leeward net 4, when ice crystal collecting hole 2 collects the ice crystal, the ice crystal can extrude windward net 3, windward net 3 takes place the displacement, extrude grating optic fibre 6, thereby lead to grating optic fibre 6's resonance wavelength to change, change through the resonance wavelength who detects grating optic fibre 6, just can detect the state of freezing, because the light path that detects sets up in grating optic fibre 6, this detector that freezes of grating optic fibre has higher sensitivity, the degree of accuracy, and can pinpoint the position of freezing.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an icing detector based on grating optic fibre deformation, includes icing pole (1), icing pole (1) is provided with ice crystal collecting hole (2) of a plurality of periodic arrangements along its axial, ice crystal collecting hole (2) run through to leeward side by the windward side that freezes pole (1), its characterized in that: one end of the ice crystal collecting hole (2) located on the windward side is provided with a windward net (3), the other end of the ice crystal collecting hole (2) located on the leeward side is provided with a leeward net (4), an elastic strut (5) is further arranged between the windward net (3) and the leeward net (4), and the elastic strut (5) is provided with a grating optical fiber (6) along the axial direction of the elastic strut.
2. The icing detector based on the deformation of the optical fiber grating as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the elastic support (5) is an elastic sleeve, and the grating optical fiber (6) is arranged inside the elastic support (5).
3. The icing detector based on the deformation of the optical fiber grating as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lateral wall of ice crystal collecting hole (2) is provided with spout (9), windward net (3) are provided with support (10), support (10) coincide with spout (9) for windward net (3) can slide in ice crystal collecting hole (2).
4. An icing detector based on the deformation of a grating optical fiber according to claim 3, characterized in that: the number of the sliding grooves (9) is at least 3, and the number of the supports (10) arranged on the windward net (3) is the same as that of the sliding grooves (9).
5. The icing detector based on the deformation of the optical fiber grating as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the windward net (3) is provided with a plurality of bulges (11).
6. The icing detector based on the deformation of the optical fiber grating as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the windward net (3) is concave.
7. The icing detector based on the deformation of the optical fiber grating as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the ice crystal collecting hole (2) is provided with a heating element (8).
8. The icing detector based on the deformation of the optical fiber grating as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the periphery of the elastic support column (5) is further provided with a protection tube (12), one end of the protection tube (12) is connected with the lee net (4), and the other end of the protection tube (12) is a free end.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010087684.9A CN111216899A (en) | 2020-02-11 | 2020-02-11 | Icing detector based on grating optical fiber deformation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010087684.9A CN111216899A (en) | 2020-02-11 | 2020-02-11 | Icing detector based on grating optical fiber deformation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111216899A true CN111216899A (en) | 2020-06-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010087684.9A Withdrawn CN111216899A (en) | 2020-02-11 | 2020-02-11 | Icing detector based on grating optical fiber deformation |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114153249A (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2022-03-08 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | High-precision optical fiber icing sensor, system and method |
| EP4059844A1 (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-09-21 | Subaru Corporation | Icing detector |
| CN116331495A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-06-27 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Pipeline type supercooling large water drop detector contour structure |
-
2020
- 2020-02-11 CN CN202010087684.9A patent/CN111216899A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4059844A1 (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-09-21 | Subaru Corporation | Icing detector |
| CN114153249A (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2022-03-08 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | High-precision optical fiber icing sensor, system and method |
| CN116331495A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-06-27 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Pipeline type supercooling large water drop detector contour structure |
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Application publication date: 20200602 |
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