WO2020223880A1 - 充电方法和充电装置 - Google Patents

充电方法和充电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020223880A1
WO2020223880A1 PCT/CN2019/085724 CN2019085724W WO2020223880A1 WO 2020223880 A1 WO2020223880 A1 WO 2020223880A1 CN 2019085724 W CN2019085724 W CN 2019085724W WO 2020223880 A1 WO2020223880 A1 WO 2020223880A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
battery
voltage
current
constant current
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PCT/CN2019/085724
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张加亮
谢红斌
Original Assignee
Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 filed Critical Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority to EP19927667.6A priority Critical patent/EP3968486A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/085724 priority patent/WO2020223880A1/zh
Priority to CN201980093491.XA priority patent/CN113544929A/zh
Publication of WO2020223880A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020223880A1/zh
Priority to US17/520,127 priority patent/US20220060038A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H02J7/0049—Detection of fully charged condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00038—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors
    • H02J7/00041—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors in response to measured battery parameters, e.g. voltage, current or temperature profile
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of charging, and more specifically, to a charging method and a charging device.
  • devices to be charged are increasingly favored by consumers, but devices to be charged consume a lot of power and need to be charged frequently.
  • users have higher and higher requirements for the charging speed of electronic devices, and hope to obtain faster and faster charging speeds to save the charging time of electronic devices.
  • the current fast charging methods all preset the charging parameters of the battery before charging the battery.
  • the charging current of different stages can be preset in advance, and then the same charging parameters are used in the subsequent multiple charging processes Charge the battery.
  • the battery will age, and continuing to charge the battery with the same charging parameters will affect the battery life and charging speed.
  • the present application provides a charging method and a charging device, which can meet the battery's requirements for service life and charging speed during different charging processes.
  • a charging method including: determining the actual capacity of the battery; and updating the charging parameter of the battery according to the actual capacity of the battery, the charging parameter of the battery including at least one of the following: the battery The charging current in the constant current phase, the charging cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current phase and the charging cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage phase; charging the battery according to the charging parameters of the battery.
  • a charging device including a charging management circuit, configured to perform the following operations: determine the actual capacity of the battery; update the charging parameters of the battery according to the actual capacity of the battery, the charging parameters of the battery include At least one of the following: the charging current of the battery in the constant current phase, the charging cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current phase, and the charging cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage phase; according to the charging parameters of the battery, The battery is charged.
  • the charging current for charging the battery is not set in advance and remains unchanged, but during the charging process, the charging current of the battery is continuously updated according to the actual capacity of the battery, so that the charging current of the battery can be compared with that of the battery.
  • the actual capacity is matched to meet the current battery characteristics.
  • the charge cut-off current of the battery can be continuously updated according to the actual capacity of the battery.
  • the updated charge cut-off current can ensure that the battery is fully charged to fully utilize the battery capacity.
  • the charge cut-off voltage in the constant current phase is not fixed, but can be adjusted according to the actual capacity of the battery to prevent the battery from being charged with a small current in advance and to ensure the charging speed of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a constant current and constant voltage charging method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stepped charging method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another stepped charging method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium ion structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a charging method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a wired charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another wired charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another wireless charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the charging method of the embodiment of the present application can be applied to an electronic device to charge the electronic device.
  • Electronic equipment includes, but is not limited to: is set to be connected via wired lines (e.g. via public switched telephone network (PSTN), digital subscriber line (DSL), digital cable, direct cable connection, and/ Or another data connection/network) and/or via (e.g., for cellular networks, wireless local area networks (WLAN), digital television networks such as digital video broadcasting handheld (DVB-H) networks , Satellite networks, amplitude modulation-frequency modulation (AM-FM) broadcast transmitters, and/or devices for receiving/transmitting communication signals via a wireless interface of another communication terminal.
  • wired lines e.g. via public switched telephone network (PSTN), digital subscriber line (DSL), digital cable, direct cable connection, and/ Or another data connection/network
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • DVD-H digital video broadcasting handheld
  • Satellite networks amplitude modulation-frequency modulation (AM-FM) broadcast transmitters, and/or devices
  • a terminal set to communicate through a wireless interface may be referred to as a "wireless communication terminal", a “wireless terminal” and/or a “mobile terminal”.
  • mobile terminals include, but are not limited to, satellite or cellular phones; personal communication system (PCS) terminals that can combine cellular radio phones with data processing, fax, and data communication capabilities; can include radio phones, pagers, and the Internet/ Personal digital assistant (PDA) with intranet access, web browser, notebook, calendar, and/or global positioning system (GPS) receiver; and conventional laptop and/or palmtop Receiver or other electronic device including a radio telephone transceiver.
  • PCS personal communication system
  • PDA Internet/ Personal digital assistant
  • GPS global positioning system
  • the device to be charged may refer to the mobile terminal being a device or a handheld terminal device, such as a mobile phone, a pad, and so on.
  • the device to be charged mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a chip system.
  • the battery of the device to be charged may or may not belong to the chip system. Service life.
  • electronic devices can also include other electronic devices that require charging, such as mobile phones, mobile power sources (such as power banks, travel chargers, etc.), electric cars, laptops, drones, tablets, e-books, e-cigarettes, smart Electronic equipment and small electronic products, etc.
  • Smart electronic devices can include, for example, watches, bracelets, smart glasses, and sweeping robots.
  • Small electronic products may include, for example, wireless headsets, Bluetooth speakers, electric toothbrushes, and rechargeable wireless mice.
  • the commonly used fast charging methods are all after the charging strategy is preset before the battery is charged, and the battery is charged according to the preset charging strategy during the subsequent multiple charging processes.
  • the battery will experience different degrees of aging and attenuation, which is unavoidable. If you continue to charge with the preset charging strategy, it will cause problems such as worsening battery aging, lower charging speed, that is, battery dissatisfaction.
  • CCCV constant current constant voltage
  • the CCCV charging method may include a constant current and constant voltage stage, or may include multiple constant current and constant voltage stages, and each constant current and constant voltage stage includes a constant current stage and a constant voltage stage.
  • a constant current and constant voltage stage includes a constant current stage and a constant voltage stage.
  • the charging current in the constant current stage can be preset to 3A in advance, the charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the constant current stage is 4.2V, and the minimum cut-off current corresponding to the constant voltage stage is 0.06A.
  • the charging strategy is used for charging.
  • the battery can be charged with a charging current of 3A until the battery voltage reaches a preset cut-off voltage, such as 4.2V.
  • the battery can be charged at a constant voltage at 4.2V until the charging current of the battery drops to the preset minimum cut-off current, such as 0.06A.
  • the minimum cut-off current is determined according to the current when the battery capacity is fully charged.
  • the charging current of 3A is usually determined according to the rated capacity of the battery.
  • the charging current of the battery is set as a multiple of the rated capacity of the battery, which is 1C, where C represents the rated capacity of the battery.
  • the current of 1C is 3A.
  • the minimum cut-off current of 0.06A is also determined according to the rated capacity of the battery.
  • the minimum charge cut-off current of the battery is set to 0.02C. Assuming that the battery capacity is 3000mAh, the minimum cut-off current of the battery is the charge cut-off current of 0.02C and 0.06A.
  • Method two another commonly used fast charging method is the stepped charging method, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the stepped charging method is to continuously adjust the charging current of the battery according to the status information of the battery, thereby improving the charging speed.
  • this step charging method multiple constant current stages are preset in advance, and the charging current and charging time corresponding to each constant current stage are set. In the subsequent charging processes, the battery is charged in the preset charging method.
  • the current I1 is used to charge the battery for a time t1
  • the current I2 is used to charge the battery for a time t2
  • the current In is used to charge the battery for a time tn, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the charging current corresponding to different constant current stages can also be determined according to the rated capacity of the battery. Assuming that the rated current of the battery is 3C, you can set I1 to 3C and I2 to 2C. In the charging process, first charge the battery with a current of 3C for a time t1, and then charge the battery with a current of 2C for a time t2, etc.
  • the third mode there is also a fast charging mode similar to the stepped charging mode.
  • the charging current of the battery is adjusted according to the detected battery voltage, as shown in Figure 3.
  • different constant current stages can be preset in advance, and the charging current and charging cut-off voltage corresponding to each constant current stage can be set.
  • the battery is charged in the preset charging method.
  • the charging current corresponding to each constant current stage may also be determined according to the rated capacity of the battery. For example, the battery is charged to 4.2V with a charging current of 3C at the beginning, and then the battery is charged to 4.4V with a charging current of 2C, and then continuously adjusted until the charging reaches the final charging stage.
  • the charging current of the battery is basically set based on the rated capacity of the battery. This is reasonable for the battery that has just been shipped from the factory, because the actual capacity and the rated capacity of the battery are basically equal. However, during use of the battery, different degrees of aging and degradation will occur, and this degradation of the battery cannot be avoided. After the battery is aging, the actual capacity of the battery will be less than the rated capacity of the battery, and the internal resistance of the battery will also increase to a certain extent. Continuing to use the preset charging method will accelerate the aging of the battery and affect the use of the battery. life.
  • the reason for the attenuation of lithium-ion batteries is essentially the continuous decrease of active lithium ions inside the battery.
  • the main reason is that the formation of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film on the surface of the electrode material and the lithium evolution consume lithium ions. The two cases are described below.
  • SEI solid electrolyte interface
  • SEI film Formation of SEI film.
  • the SEI film will occur during the normal use of the lithium ion battery, especially after the battery is prepared, the surface of the electrode material will react with the electrolyte to form a relatively stable SEI film, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the main component of the SEI film is a stable compound of lithium (Li), such as LiO. As the cycle progresses, a series of side reactions will occur inside the battery:
  • the by-product is a mixture including many compounds.
  • the by-product contains Li and has strong stability. This by-product will reduce the active Li inside the battery, causing the battery's capacity to continue to decrease; in addition, the by-product will increase the internal resistance of the battery, which not only increases the obstacle of the battery charging speed, but also generates more heat This will lead to the need to reduce the charging current during the charging process to reduce the temperature rise during the battery charging process.
  • Lithium analysis The principle of lithium analysis is to generate a layer of Li metal element on the surface of the negative electrode of the battery:
  • Li+ is continuously inserted from the positive electrode to the negative electrode. Once the lithium ion insertion rate on the negative electrode surface exceeds the capacity of the negative electrode, there will be lithium ions remaining on the negative electrode surface. Because the potential on the surface of the negative electrode continues to decrease, as long as the potential reaches 0V, that is, the potential generated by lithium metal is reached, the elemental lithium metal will be generated.
  • the formation of elemental lithium metal generally occurs during fast charging, low temperature and aging batteries.
  • the element of lithium metal is generated during the fast charging process because the insertion rate of lithium ions is lower than the rated rate; the element of lithium metal is generated at low temperature because the ion diffusion activity is reduced due to the low temperature, and the speed of the insertion material is also reduced; the element of lithium metal generated in the aging battery is Because the SEI film formed on the surface of the material by side reactions such as SEI increases the internal resistance of the material surface, the negative electrode potential can be expressed as:
  • ⁇ (e) represents the battery voltage
  • ⁇ represents the potential generated by the internal resistance
  • Lithium evolution will reduce lithium ions and reduce battery capacity. At the same time, because lithium evolution has directionality, the precipitated lithium dendrites will pierce the separator, leading to the risk of overheating and even short-circuiting of the positive and negative electrodes.
  • the actual capacity of the battery will decrease and the internal resistance of the battery will increase. If the charging current of the battery continues to charge the battery with the charging current set initially, it will exceed the current battery characteristics.
  • the rated capacity of the battery is 3000mAh
  • the battery is charged with a current of 1C at the beginning, that is, the battery is charged with a current of 3A, but when the capacity of the battery drops to 2500mAh, the current of 1C should be 2.5A, which should be 2.5A
  • the current of A charges the battery, but the battery cannot be charged with 3A current. Continue to charge the battery with 3A current will exceed the current battery characteristics, accelerate the aging of the battery, and affect the service life of the battery.
  • the charge cut-off current in the constant voltage stage is usually determined based on the full rated capacity of the battery as a connection. For example, for a battery with a rated capacity of 3000 mAh, the cut-off current for charging the battery is 0.02C. If the actual capacity of the battery is equal to the rated capacity of the battery, 3000mAh, the charge cut-off current is 60mAh; but when the capacity is reduced to 2500mAh, the charge cut-off current should be 50mAh, not 60mAh. If the battery is only charged to the cut-off current of 60mAh, the charge cut-off current will be too high, causing the problem of battery dissatisfaction.
  • the internal resistance of the battery will increase after multiple uses. Take the method 3 described above as an example, in the constant current stage, the battery is charged to the cut-off voltage with a constant current. It is assumed that the charging process of the battery includes: charging the battery to 4.2V with a charging current of 1A, and then charging the battery to 4.3V with a charging current of 0.8A. But after the battery is charged many times, the internal resistance of the battery increases from 100m ⁇ to 200m ⁇ . After the internal resistance of the battery increases, the float voltage of the battery increases. When the actual voltage of the battery may be 4V, the detected battery voltage may have reached 4.2V, so that the battery has not been charged to the expected voltage before the 0.8A The charging current is used for charging, which will reduce the charging speed of the battery.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a charging method that can meet the charging requirements of the battery in different charging processes.
  • the charging method includes steps 510-520.
  • the charging method of the embodiment of the present application can be applied to any of the charging processes described above.
  • the charging parameters of the battery may include at least one of the following: the charging current of the battery in the constant current stage, the charging cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current stage, and the cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage.
  • S530 Charge the battery according to the charging parameters of the battery.
  • the charging current for charging the battery is not set in advance and remains unchanged, but during the charging process, the charging current of the battery is constantly updated according to the actual capacity of the battery, so that the charging current of the battery can be compared with the actual battery.
  • the capacity is matched to meet the current battery characteristics.
  • the charging cut-off current of the battery can be continuously updated according to the actual capacity of the battery during the charging process of the battery, and the updated charging cut-off current can ensure that the battery is fully charged to fully utilize the battery capacity.
  • the charging cut-off voltage in the constant current phase of the embodiment of the present application is not fixed, but can be adjusted according to the actual capacity of the battery to avoid the battery being charged with a small current in advance and to ensure the charging speed of the battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the manner of determining the charging current of the battery according to the actual capacity of the battery.
  • the charging current of the battery in the constant current phase can be the first multiple of the actual capacity of the battery.
  • the charging current of the battery can also be obtained by performing other calculations on the actual capacity of the battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application can continuously update the charging current of the battery in the constant current phase according to the first rate of the actual capacity of the battery. If the actual capacity of the battery changes, the charging current of the battery in the constant current phase will also change accordingly. To meet the current charging characteristics of the battery.
  • the charging current of the battery in the constant current stage is the first multiple of the actual capacity of the battery, which can refer to the same constant current stage during multiple charging of the battery, and the charging current of the battery in the constant current stage can be the actual capacity of the battery.
  • the first magnification Assuming that the charging current in the constant current stage is 1 times the actual capacity of the battery, regardless of the actual capacity of the battery, the charging current value of the battery in the constant current stage is the actual capacity value of the battery.
  • the charging current of the battery in the constant current phase, can be set to 1C, and the battery can be charged with a charging current of 1C.
  • the actual capacity of the battery is 3000mAh, and the battery can be charged with a charging current of 3A in the constant current stage; after the battery is used many times, the actual capacity of the battery will decrease, assuming that the actual capacity of the battery changes If it is 2500mAh, the battery can be charged with 2.5A charging current in the constant current stage; if the actual capacity of the battery continues to decrease after a long time of use, it drops to 2000mAh, then the battery can be charged with 2A current in the constant current stage Recharge.
  • the charging process of the battery may include multiple constant current stages.
  • the charging current of the battery in different constant current stages can be set to be equal to the actual capacity of the battery. Fixed magnification.
  • the charging current of the battery is a different ratio of the actual capacity of the battery.
  • the charging current in the first constant current phase can be set to be 1 times the actual battery capacity, and the charging current in the second constant current phase is 0.8 times the actual battery capacity, then In the subsequent battery charging process, regardless of the current actual capacity of the battery, in the first constant current stage, the battery charging current is twice the actual battery capacity, and in the second constant current stage, the battery charging current Both are 0.8 times the actual battery capacity.
  • the battery can be charged with a charging current of 3A in the first constant current stage, and the battery can be charged with a charging current of 2.4A in the second constant current stage. If the battery's actual capacity drops to 2500mAh after being used for many times, the battery can be charged with a charging current of 2.5A in the first constant current stage, and the battery can be charged with a charging current of 2A in the second constant current stage. Recharge.
  • the embodiment of the present application can determine the charging current of the battery in the subsequent constant current stage according to the actual capacity of the battery and the preset charging current of the battery in the constant current stage.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the form of the initial charging current in the constant current stage.
  • the charging current of the battery in different constant current stages can also be set, and then during the charging process, the charging rate of the battery can be determined according to the charging current of the battery and the rated capacity of the battery.
  • the charging current of the battery can be determined directly according to the charging rate of the battery and the actual capacity of the battery. If the initial setting is the charging current of the battery, the charging rate of the battery can be calculated according to the charging current of the battery and the rated capacity of the battery, and then in the subsequent charging process, according to the calculated charging rate of the battery and the actual battery The capacity determines the charging current of the battery.
  • the preset charging currents of multiple charging stages are I1, I2, I3,..., and the rated capacity of the battery is C.
  • the ratio of the charging current to the rated capacity of the battery determines that the battery is in
  • the charging rates of multiple constant current stages are respectively 1C, 0.9C, 0.8C,....
  • 1 time, 0.9 times, 0.8 times, ... of the actual battery capacity can be used as the charging currents for multiple constant current stages.
  • the value of the charging rate described above is only an example, and the charging rate corresponding to the constant current stage may be other values.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the manner of determining the charging cut-off current of the battery according to the actual capacity of the battery.
  • the charging cut-off current corresponding to the battery in the constant voltage stage may be the second multiple of the actual capacity of the battery.
  • the charge cut-off current of the battery can also be obtained by performing other calculations on the actual capacity of the battery.
  • the embodiment of this application can continuously update the charge cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage according to the fixed rate of the actual capacity of the battery. If the actual capacity of the battery changes, the charge cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage will also change accordingly. , To meet the current charging characteristics of the battery.
  • the fixed magnification corresponding to the constant voltage stage may be defined by the battery manufacturer itself, and the fixed magnification may be different for different battery manufacturers.
  • the fixed magnification may be any value between 0.01 and 0.1.
  • the embodiment of the present application can determine the target cut-off current of the battery in the subsequent constant voltage stage according to the actual capacity of the battery and the preset charging cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage. Then in the constant voltage stage, the battery is charged until the battery current reaches the target cut-off current, and the charging ends.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the form of the charging cut-off current in the constant voltage stage initially set.
  • the charge cut-off current magnification of the battery in the constant voltage stage can be set in advance, and then in the subsequent charging process, the target cut-off current can be determined according to the charge cut-off current magnification and the actual capacity of the battery.
  • the battery charging cut-off current set at the factory is 0.02C
  • 0.02 times the actual battery capacity can be directly determined as the battery's target cut-off current.
  • the charge cut-off current of the battery set at the factory is 60mA
  • the rated capacity of the battery at the factory is 3000mAh
  • the charge cut-off ratio of the battery can be calculated to be 0.02; in the subsequent charging process, the actual capacity of the battery is reduced 0.02 times is determined as the target cut-off current of the battery.
  • the charge cut-off voltage corresponding to the constant current stage in the embodiment of the present application may also be determined according to the actual capacity of the battery.
  • the charge cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current phase is not fixed and can be adjusted according to the actual capacity of the battery, so that the battery switches between different constant current phases It will not be affected by the floating voltage of the battery and can ensure the charging speed of the battery.
  • determining the charge cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current stage may include: determining the charge cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current stage according to the actual capacity of the battery and the current power of the battery. For example, when the current capacity of the battery reaches the third multiple of the actual capacity of the battery, the charging voltage of the battery is the charging cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current stage.
  • magnifications For different constant current stages, different magnifications can be set.
  • the voltage of the battery can be used as the target cut-off voltage.
  • the battery voltage can switch to the next charging stage.
  • the ratio between the preset power level and the actual battery capacity is a fixed value, or the preset power level may also be obtained by performing other calculations on the actual battery capacity.
  • the embodiment of the present application can update the target cut-off voltage of the battery in the subsequent charging process according to the actual capacity of the battery and the preset charging parameters during the constant current phase of the battery.
  • the initially set charging parameter may be the ratio between the current battery capacity of the battery and the actual battery capacity, or may also be the charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the constant current phase set at the factory.
  • the preset charging parameter is the ratio b between the battery’s current capacity and the battery’s actual capacity
  • the current constant current stage battery needs can be calculated directly according to the battery’s actual capacity and the ratio b The reached power Q'. Then in the subsequent charging process, the current power of the battery is calculated in real time, and when the current power of the battery reaches Q', the next charging stage is entered.
  • the target cut-off voltage may be the voltage of the corresponding battery when the battery capacity reaches Q'.
  • the preset charging parameter is the charging cut-off voltage
  • the battery can be charged to 4.2V with the charging current I1 to calculate the current battery capacity Q3, Calculate the ratio of Q3 to battery rated capacity as a%.
  • the constant current stage needs to make the charge of the battery a% of the actual capacity of the battery before entering the next constant current stage.
  • the battery can be charged with the updated charging current, and then the battery can be charged to the updated charging cut-off voltage.
  • the battery voltage reaches the updated charging cut-off voltage, it enters the next charging stage.
  • the calculation method of the current battery capacity may be similar to the calculation method of the actual battery capacity, which will be described in detail below.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the manner of determining the actual battery capacity.
  • the actual battery capacity can be determined according to the charging current and charging time of the battery.
  • the charging capacity of the battery can be determined according to the charging current and charging time of the battery.
  • the actual capacity of the battery is equal to the charged power of the battery.
  • the actual capacity of the battery can be determined according to the sum of the remaining power of the battery and the charged power of the battery.
  • the remaining power of the battery may be determined according to the product of the percentage of the remaining power of the battery and the actual capacity of the battery. If the remaining power of the battery is 20%, 20% of the actual capacity of the battery can be determined as the remaining power of the battery.
  • Q1 can be obtained based on the percentage of battery remaining power and the actual battery capacity determined at the (m-1)th time.
  • the remaining capacity of the battery can also be determined according to the rated capacity of the battery.
  • the calculation method of the current battery capacity can also refer to the calculation method of the actual battery capacity. For example, after the battery is charged with a constant current with the current I1 for a time t1, the current capacity of the battery is Q1+I1*t1. After charging the battery with the current I2 for a constant current time t2, the current capacity of the battery is Q1+I1*t1+I2*t2.
  • the first constant current stage corresponds to a charging rate C1
  • the second constant current stage corresponds to a charging rate C2.
  • the charging time corresponding to the first constant current stage is the first charging time
  • the charging time corresponding to the second constant current stage is the second charging time.
  • the battery can be charged with the updated first current until the battery charging time reaches the first charging time; in response to the battery charging time reaching the first charging time, enter the second constant current stage to The updated second current charges the battery until the charging time of the battery reaches the second charging time.
  • the battery in the first constant current stage, the battery is charged with the updated first current until the battery voltage reaches the updated first charging cut-off voltage; in response to the battery voltage reaching the updated The latter first cut-off voltage enters the second constant current stage, and the battery is charged with the updated second current until the battery voltage reaches the updated second charging cut-off voltage.
  • the updated first current may be determined according to the actual capacity of the battery and the charging rate C1
  • the updated second current may be determined according to the actual capacity of the battery and the charging rate C2.
  • the current in the constant current stage after the update may be determined according to the product of the actual capacity of the battery and the charging rate.
  • the product of the battery’s actual capacity and the charge rate C1 can be used as the updated first current;
  • the product of the battery’s actual capacity and the charge rate C2 can be used as the updated first current The second current.
  • the initial charging parameters are set as follows: the charging current in the first constant current phase is 3A, and the charging cut-off voltage is 4.2V; the charging current in the second constant current phase It is 2.4A, the charging cut-off voltage is 4.4V; the charging voltage in the constant voltage stage is 4.4V, and the charging cut-off current is 60mA.
  • the charging current rate of the battery in the first constant current stage is 1 times, and the charging current rate in the second constant current stage is 0.8 times.
  • the charge cut-off current corresponding to the constant voltage stage is 0.02 times.
  • the battery can be charged according to the initial charging parameters. During the charging process, it can be calculated that when the battery voltage reaches 4.2V and 4.4V, the battery power is Q11 and Q22 respectively. In addition, the actual capacity Q of the battery can be calculated when the battery is fully charged. Then calculate the ratio X of Q11 to Q, and the ratio Y of Q22 to Q.
  • the battery charging current is determined to be 2.5A.
  • the battery When charging the battery, in the first constant current stage, the battery is charged with a charging current of 2.5A, and the current power of the battery is calculated in real time. When the current capacity of the battery reaches 2500*X, it enters the second constant current stage. In the second constant current stage, the battery is charged with a charging current of 2A, and the current capacity of the battery is calculated in real time. When the current capacity of the battery reaches 2500*Y, it enters the constant voltage stage. In the constant voltage phase, the battery can be charged at a constant voltage with the charging voltage at the end of the second constant current phase, or the battery can be charged at a constant voltage with a charging voltage higher than the charging voltage at the end of the second constant current phase.
  • the charging current of the battery is detected, and when the charging current of the battery reaches 50mA, the charging ends.
  • the actual capacity of the battery at the end of charging can be calculated, and the actual capacity can be used to determine the charging parameters for the next battery charge.
  • the constant current charging process can be adjusted by the percentage of the actual battery capacity, but during the battery charging process, the charging voltage of the battery still needs to meet a condition, that is, it cannot exceed the limit voltage of the battery.
  • the limit voltage can be understood as the highest voltage the battery can withstand. Assuming that the limit voltage of the battery is 4.5V, the charging voltage of the battery cannot exceed 4.5V regardless of the charging stage.
  • the battery capacity ratio may include the actual battery capacity ratio or the battery rated capacity ratio.
  • the charging parameters of the battery may be updated during each charging process, or the charging parameters of the battery may be updated only during the charging process at intervals of n times, where n is a positive integer.
  • the charging parameters of the battery are updated during each charging process, which can ensure that the charging parameters of each battery charge meet the charging characteristics of the battery. Since the battery's actual capacity and internal resistance will not change greatly during the two consecutive charging processes, the charging parameters for two consecutive times can be the same, and the battery charging parameters can be updated once at an interval of n, which can simplify the battery The processing flow does not need to calculate the charging parameters of the battery before each charge.
  • the charging process of the battery may only include a constant current phase, and does not include a constant voltage phase.
  • the battery charging process includes at least one constant current phase.
  • the battery charging process may include a constant current phase and a constant voltage phase.
  • the battery charging process may include at least one constant current phase and at least one constant voltage phase.
  • the number of charging cycles of the battery is also considered to determine the charging parameters of the battery. That is to say, the battery can be updated according to the actual capacity of the battery and the number of charging cycles of the battery. Charging parameters.
  • the number of charging cycles can be segmented, and the charging parameters of the battery in each phase can be kept consistent.
  • the first stage includes the first to tenth charging cycle process
  • the second stage includes the 11th to 20th charging cycle process and so on.
  • the charging parameters of the battery can be kept consistent, that is, the charging parameters of the second to the tenth time can continue to use the charging parameters of the first time.
  • the charging parameters of the battery can be determined according to the actual capacity of the battery, and the charging parameters of the battery from the 11th to the 20th can be kept consistent.
  • this method can not only ensure that the battery's charging parameters match the current characteristics of the battery, but also do not need to The charging parameters of the battery are updated during each charging process, which can save resources.
  • the charging rate of the battery in the constant current phase may be related to the number of times the battery is charged, that is, the charging rate of the battery in the constant current phase may vary with the number of battery charging times.
  • the number of charging cycles of the battery can be segmented, the charging rate in one stage can be kept the same, and the charging rate can be different between different stages.
  • the second stage includes the 101st to 200th charging cycle process
  • the corresponding charging rate of the first stage is 1C
  • the charging rate corresponding to the second stage is 0.9C
  • the battery can determine the charging current of the battery according to the actual capacity of the battery and the charging rate of the battery at 1C during the first constant current stage during the first to 100th charging cycle ;
  • the charging current of the battery is determined according to the actual capacity of the battery and the charging rate of 0.9C.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiment of this application may be a lithium ion battery or other batteries, such as a sodium ion battery.
  • the device to be charged and the charging device in the device embodiment may refer to the electronic device described above.
  • the charging device shown in FIG. 6 includes a charging management circuit 610, which is used to determine the actual capacity of the battery; according to the actual capacity of the battery, the charging parameters of the battery are updated, and the charging parameters of the battery include the following At least one of: the charging current of the battery in the constant current phase, the charging cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current phase, and the charging cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage phase; The battery is charged.
  • a charging management circuit 610 which is used to determine the actual capacity of the battery; according to the actual capacity of the battery, the charging parameters of the battery are updated, and the charging parameters of the battery include the following At least one of: the charging current of the battery in the constant current phase, the charging cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current phase, and the charging cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage phase; The battery is charged.
  • the charging management circuit 610 may be implemented by a processor, for example, and the charging management circuit 610 may be a chip, for example.
  • the charging current of the battery in the constant current phase is the first multiple of the actual capacity of the battery.
  • the charge cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage stage is a second multiple of the actual capacity of the battery.
  • the charge cut-off voltage of the battery is determined according to the current power and actual capacity of the battery.
  • the current voltage of the battery is the charging cut-off voltage of the battery in the constant current phase.
  • the charging process of the battery includes an adjacent first constant current stage and a second constant current stage, the first constant current stage corresponds to a charging rate C1, and the second constant current stage corresponds to charging The rate is C2, and the charging management circuit 610 is used to charge the battery with the updated first current in the first constant current stage until the battery voltage reaches the updated first charging cut-off voltage ,
  • the updated first current is determined according to the actual capacity of the battery and the charging rate C1; in response to the battery voltage reaching the updated first charging cut-off voltage, the second constant current stage is entered, Charge the battery with the updated second current until the voltage of the battery reaches the updated second charge cut-off voltage, the updated second current is determined according to the actual capacity of the battery and the charge rate C2 of.
  • the charging process of the battery includes an adjacent first constant current stage and a second constant current stage, the first constant current stage corresponds to a charging rate C1, and the second constant current stage corresponds to charging The rate is C2, and the charging management circuit 610 is used to charge the battery with the updated first current in the first constant current stage until the charging time of the battery reaches the first constant current stage
  • the updated first current is determined according to the actual capacity of the battery and the charging rate C1
  • enter In the second constant current stage the battery is charged with the updated second current until the charging time of the battery reaches the charging time corresponding to the second constant current stage, and the updated second current is Determined according to the actual capacity of the battery and the charging rate C2.
  • the battery charging process includes at least one constant current phase
  • the second constant current phase is the last constant current phase in the at least one constant current phase
  • the battery charging process also includes constant voltage
  • the charging management circuit 610 is used to: in the constant voltage phase, use the charge cut-off voltage of the second constant current phase or a voltage greater than the charge cut-off voltage of the second constant current phase as the battery Charging until the charging current of the battery reaches the updated charging cut-off current of the constant voltage stage.
  • the charging management circuit 610 is configured to determine the actual capacity of the battery according to the charging current and charging time of the battery.
  • the charging voltage of the battery is less than the limit voltage of the battery.
  • the charging management circuit 610 is configured to update the charging parameters of the battery according to the actual capacity of the battery and the number of charging cycles of the battery.
  • the charging management circuit 610 includes a communication control circuit configured to communicate with a power supply device according to the updated charging parameters of the battery, so that the output voltage of the power supply device is equal to /Or the output current matches the updated charging parameter of the battery.
  • the charging management circuit 610 includes a first charging channel, and the first charging channel is used to charge the battery according to the output voltage and/or output current of the power supply device.
  • the charging device 600 includes a wireless receiving circuit for receiving a wireless charging signal transmitted by a wireless transmitting circuit to charge the battery
  • the charging management circuit 610 includes a communication control circuit.
  • the communication control circuit is used to communicate with the transmitting device, so that the transmitting device adjusts the transmission power of the wireless charging signal transmitted by the wireless transmission circuit, so that the transmission power of the wireless charging signal corresponds to the magnitude of the voltage and/or current Match with the updated charging parameters of the battery.
  • the charging management circuit includes a detection circuit configured to detect at least one of the following parameters of the battery: charging current, charging voltage, charging time, and number of charging cycles.
  • the charging current required by the multi-cell battery is 1/M of the charging current required by the single-cell battery.
  • the charging speed of the multi-cell battery is M times that of the single-cell battery. Therefore, in the case of using the same charging current, multiple battery cells can greatly increase the charging speed of the battery.
  • the multi-segment cells may be cells with the same or similar specifications and parameters. Cells with the same or similar specifications are convenient for unified management, and selecting cells with the same or similar specifications and parameters can increase the number of cells. The overall performance and service life of the battery cell. Alternatively, the specifications and parameters of the multiple battery cells may be different or inconsistent. During the charging and/or power supply process, the voltage between the multiple battery cells can be balanced by the equalization circuit.
  • an equalization circuit can also be used to balance the voltage of the multi-cell cells.
  • a step-down circuit can be used to step down the voltage of the multiple battery cells and then the device to be charged can be used for system power supply, or a single battery cell can also be used for system power supply.
  • a single battery cell can also be used for system power supply.
  • you need to supply power to the system you can directly divide a path to supply power to the system.
  • the multi-cell battery can be balanced by the balance circuit.
  • the equalization circuit may be a Cuk circuit.
  • the equalization circuit may be an equalization circuit based on an RLC series circuit, or an equalization circuit based on a buck-boost (Buck-Boost).
  • the battery when the battery includes multiple cells, in the constant current phase, it is necessary to monitor whether each cell reaches the charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the phase. When the voltage of any cell reaches the charging cut-off voltage corresponding to this stage, it enters the constant voltage stage.
  • the charging path of the cells that have been charged to the cut-off voltage can be disconnected, and the cells that are not fully charged are continued to be charged until the voltage of all the cells reaches the charge cut-off voltage, and then Enter the constant pressure stage.
  • the solution in the embodiment of the present application can be applied in the wired charging process, and can also be applied in the wireless charging process, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the relevant description in the device embodiment refer to the description of the method-side embodiment above.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the charging system includes a power supply device 10, a charging management circuit 20, and a battery 30.
  • the charging management circuit 20 can be used to manage the battery 30.
  • the charging management circuit 20 can be understood as the charging management circuit described above, and can be used to manage the charging process of the battery.
  • the charging management circuit 20 can manage the charging process of the battery 30, such as selecting the charging channel, controlling the charging voltage and/or charging current, etc.; as another example, the charging management circuit 20 can perform the charging on the cells of the battery 30 Management, such as balancing the voltage of the battery cells in the battery 30.
  • the charging management circuit 20 can be used to determine the actual capacity of the battery 30, and update the charging parameters of the battery according to the actual capacity of the battery 30.
  • the charging parameters of the battery include at least one of the following: Current, the charge cut-off current of the battery in the constant current phase and the charge cut-off current of the battery in the constant voltage phase.
  • the charging management circuit 20 may be configured to communicate with the power supply device 10 according to the updated charging parameters, so that the output voltage and/or output current of the power supply device 10 match the updated charging parameters.
  • the specific charging process can refer to the above description, for the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.
  • the charging management circuit 20 may include a first charging channel 21 and a communication control circuit 23.
  • the first charging channel 21 may be used to receive the charging voltage and/or charging current provided by the power supply device 10 and load the charging voltage and/or charging current on both ends of the battery 30 to charge the battery 30.
  • the first charging channel 21 may be, for example, a wire, and some other circuit devices that are not related to the conversion of the charging voltage and/or the charging current may also be provided on the first charging channel 21.
  • the charging management circuit 20 includes a first charging channel 21 and a second charging channel, and a switching device for switching between charging channels may be provided on the first charging channel 21 (see the description of FIG. 8 for details).
  • the power supply device 10 may be the power supply device with an adjustable output voltage described above, and the output voltage of the power supply device is consistent with the updated battery charging parameter.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the type of the power supply device 20.
  • the power supply device 20 may be a device dedicated to charging, such as an adapter and a power bank, or may be a computer and other devices capable of providing power and data services.
  • the first charging channel 21 may be a direct charging channel, and the charging voltage and/or charging current provided by the power adapter 10 may be directly loaded on both ends of the battery 30.
  • the embodiment of the present application introduces a control circuit with a communication function, that is, the communication control circuit 23, into the charging management circuit 20.
  • the communication control circuit 23 can maintain communication with the power supply device 10 during the direct charging process to form a closed-loop feedback mechanism, so that the power supply device 10 can learn the status of the battery in real time, thereby continuously adjusting the charging voltage and the charging voltage injected into the first charging channel. /Or the charging current to ensure that the charging voltage and/or the charging current provided by the power supply device 10 match the current charging stage of the battery 30.
  • the communication control circuit 23 may communicate with the power supply device 10 when the voltage of the battery 30 reaches the charging cut-off voltage corresponding to the constant current stage, so that the power supply device 10 converts the charging process of the battery 30 from constant current charging to constant current charging. Pressure charging.
  • the communication control circuit 23 can communicate with the power supply device 10 when the current power of the battery 30 reaches the charging power corresponding to the constant current stage, so that the power supply device 10 converts the charging process of the battery 30 from constant current charging to Constant voltage charging.
  • the communication control circuit 23 can communicate with the power supply device 10 when the charging current of the battery 30 reaches the charging cut-off current corresponding to the constant voltage stage, so that the power supply device 10 converts the charging process of the battery 30 from constant voltage charging to Constant current charging.
  • the charge management circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application can directly charge the battery.
  • the charge management circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application is a charge management circuit that supports a direct charge architecture.
  • the direct charge architecture there is no need for a direct charge channel.
  • the conversion circuit is provided to reduce the heat generation of the device to be charged during the charging process.
  • the charging management circuit 20 may further include a second charging channel 24.
  • a boost circuit 25 is provided on the second charging channel 24.
  • the boost circuit 25 can be used to receive the initial voltage provided by the power supply device 10, boost the initial voltage to a target voltage, and provide the battery based on the target voltage.
  • the communication control circuit 23 can also be used to control the switching between the first charging channel 21 and the second charging channel 24.
  • the communication control circuit 23 can be used to adjust the output voltage and/or output current of the booster circuit 25 according to the updated battery charging parameters, so that the output voltage and/or output current of the booster circuit 25 are the same as the updated battery charging parameters Match.
  • the second charging channel 24 can be compatible with common power supply equipment to charge the battery 30, which solves the problem that common power supply equipment cannot charge multiple batteries.
  • the charge management circuit 20 may also include an equalization circuit 22, referring to the above description, the equalization circuit 22 can be used to balance the multiple cells during the charging process and/or discharging process of the battery.
  • the voltage of the core may also include an equalization circuit 22, referring to the above description, the equalization circuit 22 can be used to balance the multiple cells during the charging process and/or discharging process of the battery. The voltage of the core.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific form of the boost circuit 25.
  • a Boost boost circuit can be used, or a charge pump can be used for boosting.
  • the second charging channel 24 may adopt a traditional charging channel design, that is, a conversion circuit (such as a charging IC) is provided on the second charging channel 24.
  • the conversion circuit can perform constant voltage and constant current control on the charging process of the battery 30, and adjust the initial voltage provided by the power supply device 10 according to actual needs, such as step-up or step-down.
  • the embodiment of the present application can use the boost function of the conversion circuit to boost the initial voltage provided by the power supply device 10 to the target voltage.
  • the communication control circuit 23 can switch between the first charging channel 21 and the second charging channel 24 through a switching device. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, a switching tube Q5 may be provided on the first charging channel 21, and when the communication control circuit 23 controls the switching tube Q5 to be turned on, the first charging channel 21 works to directly charge the battery 30; When the communication control circuit 23 controls the switching tube Q5 to be turned off, the second charging channel 24 works, and the second charging channel 24 is used to charge the battery 30.
  • a circuit or device for step-down can also be provided on the second charging channel 24, and when the voltage provided by the power supply device is higher than the required voltage of the battery 30, the step-down process can be performed.
  • the circuit or module included in the second charging channel 24 is not limited.
  • the charging management circuit 20 may further include a third charging channel 28.
  • a step-down circuit 27 is provided on the third charging channel 28.
  • the step-down circuit 27 can be used to receive the initial voltage provided by the power supply device 10 and step down the initial voltage to the target voltage.
  • battery charging the initial voltage is greater than the total voltage of the battery, and the target voltage is also greater than the total voltage of the battery 30.
  • the communication control circuit 23 can be used to control the switching between the first charging channel 21, the second charging channel 24 and the third charging channel 28.
  • the communication control circuit 23 can be used to control the device to be charged to use the third charging channel 28 to charge the battery.
  • the communication control circuit 23 can be used to control the device to be charged to use the second charging channel 24 to charge the battery.
  • the communication control circuit 23 can be used to control the device to be charged to use the first charging channel 21 to charge the battery 30.
  • the charging management circuit 20 includes three charging channels, two or more switch tubes can be used to control the switching between the channels.
  • the traditional wireless charging technology generally connects the power supply device (such as an adapter) with a wireless charging device (such as a wireless charging base), and transmits the output power of the power supply device wirelessly (such as electromagnetic waves) to the waiting device through the wireless charging device. Charging equipment, charging equipment to be charged wirelessly.
  • wireless charging methods are mainly divided into three methods: magnetic coupling (or electromagnetic induction), magnetic resonance, and radio waves.
  • mainstream wireless charging standards include QI standard, power matters alliance (PMA) standard, and wireless power alliance (alliance for wireless power, A4WP). Both the QI standard and the PMA standard use magnetic coupling for wireless charging.
  • the A4WP standard uses magnetic resonance for wireless charging.
  • the wireless charging method of an embodiment will be introduced below in conjunction with FIG. 9.
  • the wireless charging system includes a power supply device 110, a wireless charging signal transmitting device 120, and a charging control device 130.
  • the transmitting device 120 may be, for example, a wireless charging base
  • the charging control device 130 may refer to the device to be charged, such as It can be a terminal.
  • the output voltage and output current of the power supply device 110 are transmitted to the transmitting device 120.
  • the transmitting device 120 may convert the output voltage and output current of the power supply device 110 into a wireless charging signal (for example, an electromagnetic signal) through an internal wireless transmitting circuit 121 for transmission.
  • a wireless charging signal for example, an electromagnetic signal
  • the wireless transmitting circuit 121 can convert the output current of the power supply device 110 into alternating current, and convert the alternating current into a wireless charging signal through a transmitting coil or a transmitting antenna.
  • FIG. 9 only exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram of the wireless charging system, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the transmitting device 120 may also be called a wireless charging signal transmitting device, and the charging control device 130 may also be called a wireless charging signal receiving device.
  • the wireless charging signal receiving device may be, for example, a chip with a wireless charging signal receiving function, which can receive the wireless charging signal transmitted by the transmitting device 120; the wireless charging signal receiving device may also be a device to be charged.
  • the charging control device 130 may receive the wireless charging signal transmitted by the wireless transmitting circuit 121 through the wireless receiving circuit 131, and convert the wireless charging signal into the output voltage and output current of the wireless receiving circuit 131.
  • the wireless receiving circuit 131 may convert the wireless charging signal transmitted by the wireless transmitting circuit 121 into alternating current through a receiving coil or a receiving antenna, and perform operations such as rectification and/or filtering on the alternating current to convert the alternating current into the wireless receiving circuit 131 The output voltage and output current.
  • the transmitting device 120 and the charging control device 130 negotiate the transmission power of the wireless transmitting circuit 121 in advance. Assuming that the power negotiated between the transmitting device 120 and the charging control device 130 is 5W, the output voltage and output current of the wireless receiving circuit 131 are generally 5V and 1A. Assuming that the power negotiated between the transmitting device 120 and the charging control device 130 is 10.8W, the output voltage and output current of the wireless receiving circuit 131 are generally 9V and 1.2A.
  • the output voltage of the wireless receiving circuit 131 is not suitable to be directly applied to both ends of the battery 133, it is necessary to perform constant voltage and/or constant current control through the conversion circuit 132 in the charging control device 130 to obtain the charging control device 130.
  • the expected charging voltage and/or charging current of the battery 133 is not suitable to be directly applied to both ends of the battery 133, it is necessary to perform constant voltage and/or constant current control through the conversion circuit 132 in the charging control device 130 to obtain the charging control device 130.
  • the expected charging voltage and/or charging current of the battery 133 is necessary to perform constant voltage and/or constant current control through the conversion circuit 132 in the charging control device 130 to obtain the charging control device 130.
  • the conversion circuit 132 may be used to convert the output voltage of the wireless receiving circuit 131 so that the output voltage and/or output current of the conversion circuit 132 meet the expected charging voltage and/or charging current requirements of the battery 133. Specifically, the conversion circuit 132 may be used to convert the output voltage of the wireless receiving circuit 131, so that the output voltage and/or output current of the conversion circuit 132 match the updated charging parameters of the battery 133.
  • the conversion circuit 132 may be a charging integrated circuit (integrated circuit, IC), or may be a power management circuit. During the charging process of the battery 133, the conversion circuit 132 can be used to manage the charging voltage and/or charging current of the battery 133.
  • the conversion circuit 132 may include a voltage feedback function and/or a current feedback function to realize the management of the charging voltage and/or charging current of the battery 133.
  • the conversion circuit 132 can be used to adjust the output voltage and/or output current of the battery according to the updated battery charging parameters, so that the output voltage and/or output current of the conversion circuit 132 match the updated battery charging parameters.
  • the required charging voltage and/or charging current of the battery may be constantly changing in different charging stages.
  • the output voltage and/or output current of the wireless receiving circuit may need to be continuously adjusted to meet the current charging requirements of the battery. For example, in the constant current charging phase of the battery, during the charging process, the charging current of the battery remains unchanged, but the voltage of the battery is constantly increasing, so the charging voltage required by the battery is also constantly increasing. As the charging voltage required by the battery continues to increase, the charging power required by the battery is also increasing. When the charging power required by the battery increases, the wireless receiving circuit needs to increase the output power to meet the charging demand of the battery.
  • the charging current of the same constant current charging stage is different.
  • the communication control circuit may transmit instruction information to the transmitting device to instruct the transmitting device to increase the transmitting power to increase the output power of the wireless receiving circuit. Therefore, during the charging process, the communication control circuit can communicate with the transmitting device, so that the output power of the wireless receiving circuit can meet the charging requirements of the battery in different charging stages and/and different charging cycles.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the communication mode between the communication control circuit 235 and the transmitting device 220.
  • the communication control circuit 235 and the transmitting device 220 may use Bluetooth (bluetooth) communication, wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) communication, or backscatter modulation (or power Load modulation method) communication, short-range wireless communication based on high carrier frequency, optical communication, ultrasonic communication, ultra-wideband communication or mobile communication and other wireless communication methods for communication.
  • the short-range wireless communication module based on a high carrier frequency may include an integrated circuit (IC) chip with an extremely high frequency (EHF) antenna packaged inside.
  • the high carrier frequency may be 60 GHz.
  • the optical communication may use an optical communication module for communication.
  • the optical communication module may include an infrared communication module, and the infrared communication module may use infrared to transmit information.
  • mobile communication may be communication using a mobile communication module.
  • the mobile communication module can use mobile communication protocols such as 5G communication protocol, 4G communication protocol or 3G communication protocol for information transmission.
  • the reliability of communication can be improved, and the voltage ripple caused by signal coupling communication can be avoided. Wave affects the voltage processing process of the step-down circuit.
  • the communication control circuit 235 and the transmitting device 220 may also communicate in a wired communication manner of a data interface.
  • Fig. 10 is another schematic diagram of a charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 may further include a charging interface 223, and the charging interface 223 may be used to connect with an external power supply device 210.
  • the wireless transmitting circuit 221 can also be used to generate a wireless charging signal according to the output voltage and output current of the power supply device 210.
  • the first communication control circuit 222 can also adjust the amount of power that the wireless transmission circuit 221 extracts from the output power of the power supply device 210 during the wireless charging process to adjust the transmission power of the wireless transmission circuit 221 so that the wireless transmission circuit transmits
  • the power can meet the charging demand of the battery.
  • the power supply device 210 can also directly output a relatively large fixed power (for example, 40W), and the first communication control circuit 222 can directly adjust the amount of power drawn by the wireless transmitting circuit 221 from the fixed power provided by the power supply device 210.
  • the output power of the power supply device 210 may be fixed.
  • the power supply device 210 can directly output a relatively large fixed power (such as 40W), and the power supply device 210 can provide the wireless charging device 220 with output voltage and output current according to the fixed output power.
  • the first communication control circuit 222 may extract a certain amount of power from the fixed power of the power supply device for wireless charging according to actual needs. That is to say, the embodiment of the present application allocates the control right of the transmission power adjustment of the wireless transmission circuit 221 to the first communication control circuit 222, and the first communication control circuit 222 can receive the instruction information sent by the second communication control circuit 235.
  • the transmission power of the wireless transmission circuit 221 is adjusted immediately to meet the current charging requirements of the battery, which has the advantages of fast adjustment speed and high efficiency.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the manner in which the first communication control circuit 222 extracts the amount of power from the maximum output power provided by the power supply device 210.
  • a voltage conversion circuit 224 may be provided inside the transmitting device 220 of the wireless charging signal, and the voltage conversion circuit 224 may be connected to the transmitting coil or the transmitting antenna for adjusting the power received by the transmitting coil or the transmitting antenna.
  • the voltage conversion circuit 224 may include, for example, a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller and a switch unit.
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the first communication control circuit 222 can adjust the transmission power of the wireless transmission circuit 221 by adjusting the duty cycle of the control signal sent by the PWM controller.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the type of the power supply device 210.
  • the power supply device 210 may be a device such as an adapter, a power bank, a car charger, or a computer.
  • the charging interface 223 may be a USB interface.
  • the USB interface may be, for example, a USB 2.0 interface, a micro USB interface, or a USB TYPE-C interface.
  • the charging interface 223 may also be a lightning interface, or any other type of parallel port and/or serial port that can be used for charging.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the communication mode between the first communication control circuit 222 and the power supply device 210.
  • the first communication control circuit 222 may be connected to the power supply device 210 through a communication interface other than the charging interface, and communicate with the power supply device 210 through the communication interface.
  • the first communication control circuit 222 may communicate with the power supply device 210 in a wireless manner.
  • the first communication control circuit 222 may perform near field communication (NFC) with the power supply device 210.
  • NFC near field communication
  • the first communication control circuit 222 can communicate with the power supply device 210 through the charging interface 223 without setting an additional communication interface or other wireless communication module, which can simplify the implementation of the wireless charging device 220.
  • the charging interface 223 is a USB interface, and the first communication control circuit 222 can communicate with the power supply device 210 based on the data lines (such as D+ and/or D- lines) in the USB interface.
  • the charging interface 223 may be a USB interface (such as a USB TYPE-C interface) supporting a power delivery (PD) communication protocol, and the first communication control circuit 222 and the power supply device 210 may communicate based on the PD communication protocol.
  • PD power delivery
  • adjusting the transmission power of the wireless charging signal by the first communication control circuit 222 may mean that the first communication control circuit 222 adjusts the transmission power of the wireless charging signal by adjusting the input voltage and/or input current of the wireless transmission circuit 221.
  • the first communication control circuit may increase the transmission power of the wireless transmission circuit by increasing the input voltage of the wireless transmission circuit.
  • the device to be charged 230 further includes a first charging channel 233 through which the output voltage and/or output current of the wireless receiving circuit 231 can be provided to the battery 232, 232 for charging.
  • a voltage conversion circuit 239 may be further provided on the first charging channel 233, and the input end of the voltage conversion circuit 239 is electrically connected to the output end of the wireless receiving circuit 231, and is used to perform a constant voltage on the output voltage of the wireless receiving circuit 231. And/or constant current control to charge the battery 232 so that the output voltage and/or output current of the voltage conversion circuit 239 matches the current required charging voltage and/or charging current of the battery.
  • increasing the transmission power of the wireless transmission circuit 221 may refer to increasing the transmission voltage of the wireless transmission circuit 221, and increasing the transmission voltage of the wireless transmission circuit 221 may be achieved by increasing the output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit 224.
  • the first communication control circuit 222 receives the instruction to increase the transmission power sent by the second communication control circuit 235, it can increase the transmission power of the wireless transmission circuit 221 by increasing the output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit 224.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the manner in which the second communication control circuit 235 sends instruction information to the first communication control circuit 222.
  • the second communication control circuit 235 may periodically send instruction information to the first communication control circuit 222.
  • the second communication control circuit 235 may only reach the updated charging cut-off voltage in the constant current phase, or the charging current of the battery reaches the updated charging cut-off current in the constant voltage phase, or the power of the battery reaches the updated charging cut-off current in the constant current phase.
  • the instruction information is sent to the first communication control circuit 222 again.
  • the wireless charging signal receiving device may further include a detection circuit 234 that can detect the charging parameters of the battery 232.
  • the charging parameters of the battery include at least one of the following: charging current, charging voltage, charging time, and charging
  • the second communication control circuit 235 can send instruction information to the first communication control circuit 222 according to the charging parameters of the battery 232 to instruct the first communication control circuit 222 to adjust the output voltage and output current corresponding to the transmission power of the wireless transmission circuit 221 .
  • the detection circuit 234 can detect the charging time of the battery 232.
  • the second communication can be controlled
  • the circuit 235 can communicate with the first communication control circuit 222, so that the first communication control circuit 222 adjusts the wireless charging signal transmitted by the wireless transmitting circuit 221, so that the wireless charging signal transmitted by the wireless transmitting circuit 221 matches the charging requirement of the next charging stage Match.
  • the detection circuit 234 may detect the power of the battery 232 and send the detection result to the second communication control circuit 235.
  • the second communication controllable circuit 235 can communicate with the first communication control circuit 222, so that the first communication control circuit 222 can adjust the wireless transmission of the wireless transmission circuit 221.
  • the charging signal makes the wireless charging signal transmitted by the wireless transmitting circuit 221 match the charging requirement of the next charging stage.
  • the detection circuit 234 is also used to detect the charging current and charging time of the battery 232 during the charging process, so that the device to be charged 230 can determine the actual capacity of the battery 232 according to the charging current and charging time of the battery 232.
  • the transmit power of the wireless charging signal needs to be increased to meet the current charging requirements of the battery.
  • the charging current of the battery may continue to decrease, and the charging power required by the battery will also decrease accordingly.
  • the transmit power of the wireless charging signal needs to be reduced to meet the current charging requirements of the battery.
  • the first communication control circuit 222 can adjust the transmission power of the wireless charging signal according to the instruction information. It can mean that the first communication control circuit 222 adjusts the transmission power of the wireless charging signal so that the transmission power of the wireless charging signal is equal to the current required charging voltage of the battery. And/or the charging current.
  • the matching of the transmission power of the wireless transmission circuit 221 with the charging voltage and/or charging current currently required by the battery 232 may refer to the configuration of the transmission power of the wireless charging signal by the first communication control circuit 222 such that the output voltage of the first charging channel 233 And/or the output current matches the charging voltage and/or charging current currently required by the battery 232 (or, the configuration of the transmission power of the wireless charging signal by the first communication control circuit 222 makes the output voltage of the first charging channel 233 and/or Or the output current meets the charging requirements of the battery 232 (including the requirements of the battery 232 for charging voltage and/or charging current)).
  • the output voltage and/or output current of the first charging channel 232 matches the charging voltage and/or charging current currently required by the battery 232” includes: the first charging channel 232
  • the voltage value and/or current value of the output direct current is equal to the charging voltage value and/or charging current value required by the battery 232 or within a floating preset range (for example, the voltage value fluctuates from 100 mV to 200 mV, the current value Floating from 0.001A to 0.005A, etc.).
  • the second communication control circuit 235 described above determines the updated rechargeable battery parameters of the battery based on the charging parameters of the battery 232 detected by the detection circuit 234, and wirelessly communicates with the first communication control circuit 222, so that the first communication control circuit 222 performs the 232 adjusts the transmitting power of the wireless transmitting circuit 221 with the updated charging parameters.
  • Adjusting the transmission power of the wireless transmission circuit 221 may include: during the constant current charging phase of the battery 232, the second communication control circuit 235 performs wireless communication with the first communication control circuit 222 according to the detected voltage of the battery, so that the first communication control The circuit 222 adjusts the transmitting power of the wireless transmitting circuit 221 so that the output voltage of the first charging channel 233 matches the updated charging voltage of the battery in the constant current charging stage (or, so that the output voltage of the first charging channel 233 meets the requirements of the battery 232 The demand for charging voltage during the constant current charging stage).
  • Fig. 11 is another example of a charging system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 corresponding to the embodiment of FIG. 11 does not obtain electric energy from the power supply device 210, but directly converts the externally input AC power (such as commercial power) into the above-mentioned wireless charging signal.
  • the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 may further include a voltage conversion circuit 224 and a power supply circuit 225.
  • the power supply circuit 225 can be used to receive external AC power (such as commercial power), and generate the output voltage and output current of the power supply circuit 225 according to the AC power.
  • the power supply circuit 225 may rectify and/or filter the alternating current to obtain direct current or pulsating direct current, and transmit the direct current or pulsating direct current to the voltage conversion circuit 224.
  • the voltage conversion circuit 224 can be used to receive the output voltage of the power supply circuit 225 and convert the output voltage of the power supply circuit 225 to obtain the output voltage and output current of the voltage conversion circuit 224.
  • the wireless transmission circuit 221 can also be used to generate a wireless charging signal according to the output voltage and output current of the voltage conversion circuit 224.
  • the embodiment of the present application integrates a function similar to an adapter inside the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220, so that the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 does not need to obtain power from an external power supply device, which improves the integration of the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 And reduce the number of devices required to realize the wireless charging process.
  • the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 may support the first wireless charging mode and the second wireless charging mode, and the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 charges the device to be charged in the first wireless charging mode.
  • the transmitting device 220 which is faster than the wireless charging signal, charges the device to be charged in the second wireless charging mode.
  • the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 working in the first wireless charging mode is filled with devices to be charged with the same capacity The battery time is shorter.
  • the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application may use the first charging mode for charging, and may also use the second charging mode for charging, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the second wireless charging mode may be a so-called normal wireless charging mode, for example, may be a traditional wireless charging mode based on the QI standard, the PMA standard, or the A4WP standard.
  • the first wireless charging mode may be a fast wireless charging mode.
  • the normal wireless charging mode may refer to a wireless charging mode in which the transmitting power of the wireless charging signal transmitter 220 is relatively small (usually less than 15W, and the commonly used transmitting power is 5W or 10W). In the normal wireless charging mode, you want to fully charge it. A large-capacity battery (such as a 3000 mAh battery) usually takes several hours.
  • the fast wireless charging mode the transmission power of the wireless charging signal transmitter 220 is relatively large (usually greater than or equal to 15W ).
  • the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 in the fast wireless charging mode requires a charging time to fully charge a battery of the same capacity, which can be significantly shortened and the charging speed is faster.
  • the device to be charged 230 further includes: a second charging channel 236.
  • the second charging channel 236 may be a wire.
  • a conversion circuit 237 may be provided on the second charging channel 236 to perform voltage control on the direct current output by the wireless receiving circuit 231 to obtain the output voltage and output current of the second charging channel 236 to charge the battery 232.
  • the conversion circuit 237 can be used in a step-down circuit, and output constant current and/or constant voltage electric energy. In other words, the conversion circuit 237 can be used to perform constant voltage and/or constant current control on the battery charging process.
  • the wireless transmitting circuit 221 can use a constant transmitting power to transmit an electromagnetic signal. After the wireless receiving circuit 231 receives the electromagnetic signal, it is processed by the conversion circuit 237 into a voltage sum that meets the charging requirements of the battery 232. The current is also input to the battery 232 to charge the battery 232. It should be understood that, in some embodiments, the constant transmission power does not necessarily mean that the transmission power remains completely unchanged, and it can vary within a certain range, for example, the transmission power is 7.5W and fluctuates 0.5W.
  • the charging method for charging the battery 232 through the first charging channel 233 is the first wireless charging mode
  • the charging method for charging the battery 232 through the second charging channel 236 is called the second wireless charging mode.
  • the wireless charging signal transmitter and the device to be charged can determine whether to use the first wireless charging mode or the second wireless charging mode to charge the battery 232 through handshake communication.
  • the maximum transmitting power of the wireless transmitting circuit 221 when the device to be charged is charged in the first wireless charging mode, the maximum transmitting power of the wireless transmitting circuit 221 may be the first transmitting power value.
  • the maximum transmission power of the wireless transmission circuit 221 may be the second transmission power value.
  • the first transmission power value is greater than the second transmission power value, and thus, the charging speed of the device to be charged in the first wireless charging mode is greater than the second wireless charging mode.
  • the second communication control circuit 235 can also be used to control the switching between the first charging channel 233 and the second charging channel 236.
  • a switch 238 can be provided on the first charging channel 233, and the second communication control circuit 235 can control the first charging channel 233 and the second charging channel 236 by controlling the on and off of the switch 238. Switch between.
  • the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 may include a first wireless charging mode and a second wireless charging mode, and the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 is to be charged in the first wireless charging mode.
  • the charging speed of 230 is faster than that of the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 in the second wireless charging mode.
  • the device to be charged 230 can control the operation of the first charging channel 233; when the transmitting device 220 of the wireless charging signal uses the second wireless When the charging mode is that the battery in the device to be charged 230 is charged, the device to be charged 230 can control the second charging channel 236 to work.
  • the second communication control circuit 235 can switch between the first charging channel 233 and the second charging channel 236 according to the charging mode.
  • the second communication control circuit 235 controls the voltage conversion circuit 239 on the first charging channel 233 to work.
  • the second communication control circuit 235 controls the conversion circuit 237 on the second charging channel 236 to work.
  • the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 may communicate with the device to be charged 230 to negotiate a charging mode between the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 and the device to be charged 230.
  • the first communication control circuit 222 in the wireless charging signal transmitting device 220 and the second communication control circuit 235 in the device to be charged 230 can also exchange many other communication information.
  • the first communication control circuit 222 and the second communication control circuit 235 can exchange information for safety protection, anomaly detection or fault handling, such as the temperature information of the battery 232, enter the overvoltage protection or overcurrent Information such as protection indication information, power transmission efficiency information (the power transmission efficiency information can be used to indicate the power transmission efficiency between the wireless transmitting circuit 221 and the wireless receiving circuit 231).
  • the communication between the second communication control circuit 235 and the first communication control circuit 222 may be one-way communication or two-way communication, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the function of the second communication control circuit can be implemented by the application processor of the device to be charged 230, thus, the hardware cost can be saved.
  • it can also be implemented by an independent control chip, which can improve the reliability of control.
  • the embodiment of the present application may integrate the wireless receiving circuit 232 and the voltage conversion circuit 239 in the same wireless charging chip, which can improve the integration of the device to be charged and simplify the implementation of the device to be charged.
  • the functions of traditional wireless charging chips can be expanded to support charging management functions.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a digital video disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • each unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

Abstract

提供一种充电方法及装置，能够满足电池对使用寿命以及在不同充电过程中的充电速度的需求。该方法包括：确定电池的实际容量；根据所述电池的实际容量，更新所述电池的充电参数，所述电池的充电参数包括以下中的至少一个：所述电池在恒流阶段的充电电流，所述电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电压和所述电池在恒压阶段的充电截止电流；根据所述电池的充电参数，对所述电池充电。

Description

充电方法和充电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及充电领域，更为具体地，涉及一种充电方法和充电装置。
背景技术
目前，待充电设备(例如智能手机)越来越受到消费者的青睐，但是待充电设备耗电量大，需要经常充电。另外，用户对电子设备的充电速度要求也越来越高，希望得到越来越快的充电速度，以节省电子设备的充电时间。
目前的快充方式均是在电池充电前预设电池的充电参数，如对于阶梯充电方式，可以提前预设不同阶段的充电电流，然后在后续的多次充电过程中，均以相同的充电参数对电池充电。但是电池在使用一段时间后，会存在电池老化的现象，继续以相同的充电参数对电池充电会对电池的寿命和充电速度产生影响。
发明内容
本申请提供一种充电方法和充电装置，能够满足电池对使用寿命以及在不同充电过程中对充电速度的需求。
第一方面，提供一种充电方法，包括：确定电池的实际容量；根据所述电池的实际容量，更新所述电池的充电参数，所述电池的充电参数包括以下中的至少一个：所述电池在恒流阶段的充电电流，所述电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电压和所述电池在恒压阶段的充电截止电流；根据所述电池的充电参数，对所述电池充电。
第二方面，提供一种充电装置，包括充电管理电路，用于执行以下操作：确定电池的实际容量；根据所述电池的实际容量，更新所述电池的充电参数，所述电池的充电参数包括以下中的至少一个：所述电池在恒流阶段的充电电流，所述电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电压和所述电池在恒压阶段的充电截止电流；根据所述电池的充电参数，对所述电池充电。
本申请提供的技术方案，为电池充电的充电电流不是提前设置好就一成不变了，而是在充电过程中，不断地根据电池的实际容量更新电池的充电电流，使得电池的充电电流能够与电池的实际容量相匹配，满足当前的电池特性。
其次，还可以在电池的充电过程中，不断地根据电池的实际容量更新电池的充电截止电流，更新后的充电截止电流能够保证将电池充满，以充分利用电池的容量。
另外，在恒流阶段的充电截止电压不是固定不变的，而是可以根据电池的实际容量进行调整，以避免电池提前以小电流进行充电，保证电池的充电速度。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种恒流恒压充电方式的示意图。
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种阶梯充电方式的示意图。
图3是本申请实施例提供的另一种阶梯充电方式的示意图。
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种锂离子结构的示意性结构图。
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种充电方法的示意性流程图。
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种充电装置的示意性结构图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种有线充电系统的示意性结构图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的另一种有线充电系统的示意性结构图。
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种无线充电系统的示意性结构图。
图10是本申请实施例提供的另一种无线充电系统的示意性结构图。
图11是本申请实施例提供的另一种无线充电系统的示意性结构图。
图12是本申请实施例提供的另一种无线充电系统的示意性结构图。
具体实施方式
随着电子设备的不断发展，越来越多的电子设备都需要进行充电，并且用户对电子设备的充电速度要求也越来越高，希望得到越来越快的充电速度，以节省电子设备的充电时间。
本申请实施例的充电方法可以应用在电子设备中，为电子设备进行充电。电子设备包括但不限于：被设置成经由有线线路连接(如经由公共交换电话网络(public switched telephone network，PSTN)、数 字用户线路(digital subscriber line，DSL)、数字电缆、直接电缆连接，以及/或另一数据连接/网络)和/或经由(例如，针对蜂窝网络、无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)、诸如手持数字视频广播(digital video broadcasting handheld，DVB-H)网络的数字电视网络、卫星网络、调幅-调频(amplitude modulation-frequency modulation，AM-FM)广播发送器，以及/或另一通信终端的)无线接口接收/发送通信信号的装置。被设置成通过无线接口通信的终端可以被称为“无线通信终端”、“无线终端”以及/或“移动终端”。移动终端的示例包括，但不限于卫星或蜂窝电话；可以组合蜂窝无线电电话与数据处理、传真以及数据通信能力的个人通信系统(personal communication system，PCS)终端；可以包括无线电电话、寻呼机、因特网/内联网接入、Web浏览器、记事簿、日历以及/或全球定位系统(global positioning system,GPS)接收器的个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)；以及常规膝上型和/或掌上型接收器或包括无线电电话收发器的其它电子装置。在某些实施例中，待充电设备可指移动终端是设备或手持终端设备，如手机、pad等。在某些实施例中，本申请实施例提及的待充电设备可以是指芯片系统，在该实施例中，待充电设备的电池可以属于或也可以不属于该芯片系统。使用寿命。
另外，电子设备还可以包括其他有充电需求的电子设备，例如手机、移动电源(如充电宝、旅充等)、电动汽车、笔记本电脑、无人机、平板电脑、电子书、电子烟、智能电子设备和小型电子产品等。智能电子设备例如可以包括手表、手环、智能眼镜和扫地机器人等。小型电子产品例如可以包括无线耳机、蓝牙音响、电动牙刷和可充电无线鼠标等。
目前，常用的快充方式均是在电池充电之前将充电策略预设好之后，在之后的多次充电过程中，均是以该预设好的充电策略对电池充电。但是电池在使用一段时间后，会发生不同程度的老化衰减，这是无法避免的。如果继续以预设的充电策略进行充电，会造成电池老化加重、充电速度下降即电池充不满等问题。
下面结合具体的充电方式对本申请实施例的方案进行描述。
方式一，一种常用的快速充电方式为恒流恒压(constant current constant voltage，CCCV)充电方式，如图1所示。
CCCV充电方式可以包括一个恒流恒压阶段，也可以包括多个恒流恒压阶段，每个恒流恒压阶段均包括一个恒流阶段和一个恒压阶段。
以一个恒流恒压阶段为例，如图1所示，一个恒流恒压阶段包括一个恒流阶段和一个恒压阶段。在对电池充电之前，可以提前预设恒流阶段的充电电流为3A，恒流阶段对应的充电截止电压为4.2V，恒压阶段对应的最小截止电流为0.06A。之后在多次的充电过程中，均是以该设置好的充电策略进行充电。在恒流阶段，可以以3A的充电电流对电池充电，直至电池的电压达到预设的截止电压，如4.2V。在恒压阶段，可以以4.2V的电压对电池进行恒压充电，直至电池的充电电流降低到预设的最小截止电流，如0.06A。其中，该最小截止电流是根据将电池的容量充满时的电流确定的。
其中，3A的充电电流通常是根据电池的额定容量确定的，如设置电池的充电电流为电池额定容量的倍率，为1C，其中，C表示电池的额定容量。假设电池容量为3000mAh，则1C的电流为3A。类似地，0.06A的最小截止电流也是根据电池的额定容量确定的，如设置电池的最小充电截止电流为0.02C。假设电池容量为3000mAh，则电池的最小截止电流为充电截止电流0.02C为0.06A。
方式二，另一种常用的快充方式为阶梯充电方式，如图2所示。阶梯充电方式是根据电池的状态信息，不断调整电池的充电电流，从而能够提高充电速度。该阶梯充电方式会提前预设多个恒流阶段，并设置每个恒流阶段对应的充电电流和充电时间。在之后的多次充电过程中，均是以该预设好的充电方式对电池充电。
具体地，先以电流I1对电池充电时间t1，然后再以电流I2对电池充电时间t2，以此类推，以电流In对电池充电时间tn，n为大于或等于2的整数。其中，不同恒流阶段对应的充电电流也可以是根据电池的额定容量确定的。假设电池的额定电流为3C，则可以设置I1为3C，I2为2C。在充电过程中，先以电流3C对电池充电时间t1，然后再以电流2C对电池充电时间t2等。
方式三，还有一种类似于阶梯充电方式的快充方式，在充电过程中，电池的充电电流是根据检测到的电池电压进行调整的，如图3所示。对于该快充方式，可以提前预设不同的恒流阶段，并设置每个恒流阶段对应的充电电流和充电截止电压。在之后的多次充电过程中，均是以该预设好的充电方式对电池充电。
其中，每个恒流阶段对应的充电电流也可以是根据电池的额定容量确定的。例如，刚开始以3C的充电电流将电池充电至4.2V，然后使用2C的充电电流将电池充电至4.4V，然后不断地调整，直至充电至最后一个充电阶段。
上文描述的不同充电方式中，电池的充电电流基本都是以电池的额定容量为参考而设置的，这对于刚出厂的电池而言是合理的，因为此时电池的实际容量与额定容量基本相等。但是，电池在使用过程中， 会发生不同程度的老化衰减，并且电池的这种衰减是无法避免的。电池老化衰减后，电池的实际容量就会小于电池的额定容量，并且电池的内阻也会出现一定程度上的增大，继续以预设的充电方式会对加速电池的老化，影响电池的使用寿命。
以锂离子电池为例，锂离子电池衰减的原因本质上就是电池内部的活性锂离子不断减少。导致活性锂离子减少原因有很多，其主要原因是电极材料表面固体电解质界面(solid electrolyte interface，SEI)膜的形成以及析锂等消耗了锂离子。下面对这两种情况进行描述。
1)SEI膜的形成。SEI膜在锂离子电池的正常使用过程中都会发生的，特别是在电池制备好后，电极材料表面会与电解液发生反应，生成一层比较稳定的SEI膜，如图4所示。SEI膜的主要成分是锂(Li)的稳定化合物，比如LiO。随着循环的进行，电池内部会发生一系列的副反应：
溶剂+Li+→e-+副产物
该副产物为包括很多化合物的混合物，该副产物中含有Li，稳定性强。该副产物会使电池内部的活性Li降低，使电池的容量不断减少；另外该副产物还会增加电池内部的内阻，这不仅增加了电池充电速度的阻碍，同时也会产生更多的热量，这会导致需要降低充电过程中的充电电流，来减小电池充电过程中的温升。
2)析锂。析锂的原理就是在电池负极的表面生成一层Li金属单质：
Li++e-→Li
在电池充电过程中，Li+不断从正极向负极嵌入，一旦负极表面的锂离子嵌入速度超过负极的能力，就会有锂离子剩余在负极表面上。因为负极表面的电势不断降低，从而只要电势达到0V，即达到锂金属生成的电势，就会生成锂金属单质。
锂金属单质的生成一般会在快充过程中、低温以及老化电池中发生。快充过程中生成锂金属单质是因为锂离子嵌入速度低于额定倍率；低温生成锂金属单质是因为温度低是离子扩散活性降低，嵌入材料内部的速度也降低；老化电池中生成锂金属单质是因为SEI等副反应在材料表面生成的SEI膜使材料表面的内阻增大，而负极电势可以表达为：
Ф(负极)＝Ф(e)+ΔФ(ΔФ<0)
其中，Ф(e)表示电池电压，ΔФ表示内阻所产生的电势，所以内阻增大会使负极表面的电势更容易到达0V，从而更容易析出锂。
析锂会导致锂离子减少，降低电池容量，同时因为析锂会有方向性，析出的锂枝晶会刺透隔膜，导致过热甚至正负极短路的风险。
综上，电池在使用过程中，会出现电池的实际容量下降和电池内阻增大的问题。如果电池的充电电流仍然以初始设置的充电电流继续为电池充电，会超过当前的电池特性。
比如，电池的额定容量为3000mAh，刚开始以1C的电流为电池充电，即以3A的电流为电池充电，但是当电池的容量下降到2500mAh后，1C的电流应该是2.5A，即应该以2.5A的电流为电池充电，而不能以3A的电流为电池充电，继续以3A的电流为电池充电会超过当前的电池特性，加速电池的老化，影响电池的使用寿命。
其次，在恒压阶段的充电截止电流通常是根据将电池的额定容量充满作为接线确定的。比如对于额定容量为3000mAh的电池来说，将该电池充满的截止电流为0.02C。如果电池的实际容量等于电池的额定容量，为3000mAh时，则充电截止电流为60mAh；但是当容量降低到2500mAh时，充电截止电流应该为50mAh，而不能是60mAh。如果仅将电池充电至截止电流为60mAh，会使得充电截止电流过高，造成电池充不满的问题。
另外，电池在多次使用之后，电池的内阻会增大。以上文描述的方式3为例，在恒流阶段，以恒定电流将电池充电至截止电压。假设电池的充电过程包括：以1A的充电电流将电池充电至4.2V，然后以0.8A的充电电流将电池充电至4.3V。但是电池在多次充电之后，电池的内阻从100mΩ增加到200mΩ。电池内阻增加后，电池的浮压增大，电池的实际电压可能在4V时，检测到的电池电压可能就已经达到了4.2V，从而电池还未充电到期望的电压就提前以0.8A的充电电流进行充电，这会降低电池的充电速度。
综上，如何设置电池的充电方式，以满足电池的充电速度和使用寿命的要求成为亟需解决的问题。
如图5所示，本申请实施例提供了一种充电方法，能够满足电池在不同充电过程中的充电需求，该充电方法包括步骤510～520。本申请实施例的充电方法可应用在上文描述的任一种充电过程中。
S510、确定电池的实际容量。
S520、根据所述电池的实际容量，更新所述电池的充电参数。
电池的充电参数可以包括以下中的至少一个：电池在恒流阶段的充电电流，电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电压和电池在恒压阶段的截止电流。
S530、根据电池的充电参数，对电池充电。
本申请实施例中，为电池充电的充电电流不是提前设置好就一成不变了，而是在充电过程中，不断地根据电池的实际容量更新电池的充电电流，使得电池的充电电流能够与电池的实际容量相匹配，满足当前的电池特性。
其次，本申请实施例还可以在电池的充电过程中，不断地根据电池的实际容量更新电池的充电截止电流，更新后的充电截止电流能够保证将电池充满，以充分利用电池的容量。
另外，本申请实施例在恒流阶段的充电截止电压不是固定不变的，而是可以根据电池的实际容量进行调整，以避免电池提前以小电流进行充电，保证电池的充电速度。
本申请实施例对根据电池的实际容量确定电池的充电电流的方式不做具体限定。例如电池在恒流阶段的充电电流可以为电池实际容量的第一倍率。当然，电池的充电电流也可以是将电池的实际容量进行其他的运算得到的。
本申请实施例可以根据电池的实际容量的第一倍率不断地更新电池在恒流阶段的充电电流，如果电池的实际容量发生变化，则电池在恒流阶段的充电电流也会相应地发生变化，以满足电池当前的充电特性。
电池在恒流阶段的充电电流为电池实际容量的第一倍率，可以指对于电池在多次充电过程中的同一个恒流阶段，电池在该恒流阶段的充电电流可以均为电池实际容量的第一倍率。假设该恒流阶段的充电电流为电池实际容量的1倍，则不论电池的实际容量为多少，电池在该恒流阶段的充电电流值均为电池的实际容量值。
例如，对于上文描述的充电方式一，在恒流阶段，可以设置电池的充电电流为1C，以1C的充电电流对电池充电。对于刚出厂的电池而言，电池的实际容量为3000mAh，则在恒流阶段可以以3A的充电电流为电池充电；电池在多次使用之后，电池的实际容量会下降，假设电池的实际容量变为2500mAh，则在恒流阶段可以以2.5A的充电电流对电池充电；如果在使用很长时间后，电池的实际容量继续下降，下降为2000mAh，则在恒流阶段可以以2A的电流对电池充电。
又例如，对于上文描述的充电方式二或充电方式三，电池的充电过程可以包括多个恒流阶段，在该情况下，可以设置电池在不同恒流阶段的充电电流均为电池实际容量的固定倍率。对于不同的恒流阶段，电池的充电电流为电池实际容量的不同倍率。假设电池的充电过程包括两个恒流阶段，则可以设置第一个恒流阶段的充电电流为电池实际容量的1倍，第二个恒流阶段的充电电流为电池实际容量的0.8倍，则在后续电池的充电过程中，不论电池当前的实际容量为多大，在第一个恒流阶段，电池的充电电流均为电池实际容量的1倍，在第二个恒流阶段，电池的充电电流均为电池实际容量的0.8倍。
假设检测到的电池的实际容量为3000mAh，则在第一个恒流阶段，可以以3A的充电电流对电池充电，在第二个恒流阶段，可以以2.4A的充电电流对电池充电。如果电池使用多次后，电池的实际容量降为2500mAh，则在第一个恒流阶段，可以以2.5A的充电电流对电池充电，在第二个恒流阶段，以2A的充电电流对电池充电。
本申请实施例可以根据电池的实际容量，以及预设的电池在恒流阶段的充电电流，确定电池在后续恒流阶段中的充电电流。
本申请实施例对初始设置的恒流阶段的充电电流的形式不做具体限定。例如，可以设置电池在不同恒流阶段的充电倍率。又例如，也可以设置电池在不同恒流阶段的充电电流，然后在充电过程中，可以根据电池的充电电流和电池的额定容量确定出电池的充电倍率。
如果初始设置的是电池在恒流阶段的充电倍率，则在后续的充电过程中，可以直接根据电池的充电倍率和电池的实际容量，确定出电池的充电电流。如果初始设置的是电池的充电电流，则可以根据电池的充电电流和电池的额定容量，计算出电池的充电倍率，然后在后续的充电过程中，根据计算出的电池的充电倍率以及电池的实际容量，确定出电池的充电电流。
对于阶梯充电，假设预设的多个充电阶段的充电电流分别为I1,I2,I3,......，电池的额定容量为C，通过充电电流与电池额定容量的比值确定出电池在多个恒流阶段的充电倍率分别为1C,0.9C,0.8C,......。则在后续的充电过程中，可以分别将电池实际容量的1倍，0.9倍，0.8倍，……，分别作为多个恒流阶段的充电电流。
由上可知，随着电池实际容量的不断减小，电池在恒流阶段的充电电流也在不断减小，能够保证电池在恒流阶段的充电电流不会超过电池的充电特性，有利于保证电池的使用寿命。
上文中描述的充电倍率的值仅是举例，恒流阶段对应的充电倍率可以为其他值。
本申请实施例对根据电池的实际容量确定电池的充电截止电流的方式不做具体限定。例如电池在恒压阶段对应的充电截止电流可以为电池实际容量的第二倍率。当然，电池的充电截止电流也可以是将电池的实际容量进行其他的运算得到的。
本申请实施例可以根据电池的实际容量的固定倍率不断地更新电池在恒压阶段的充电截止电流，如果电池的实际容量发生变化，则电池在恒压阶段的充电截止电流也会相应地发生变化，以满足电池当前的充电特性。
恒压阶段对应的固定倍率可以是电池厂商自己定义的，对于不同的电池厂商，该固定倍率可以不同。例如该固定倍率例如可以为0.01～0.1之间的任意值。
本申请实施例可以根据电池的实际容量，以及预设的电池在恒压阶段的充电截止电流，确定电池在后续恒压阶段的目标截止电流。然后在恒压阶段将电池充电至电池的电流达到该目标截止电流，结束充电。
本申请实施例对初始设置的恒压阶段的充电截止电流的形式不做具体限定。例如，可以提前设置电池在恒压阶段的充电截止电流的倍率，然后在后续的充电过程中，根据该充电截止电流的倍率和电池的实际容量，确定目标截止电流。又例如，可以设置电池在恒压阶段的预设充电截止电流，然后根据电池预设充电截止电流和电池的额定容量，确定截止电流的倍率；然后在后续的充电过程中，根据电池的截止电流倍率以及电池的实际容量，确定目标截止电流。
例如，如果电池出厂时设置的电池的充电截止电流为0.02C，则在后续的充电过程中，可直接将电池的实际容量的0.02倍确定为电池的目标截止电流。又例如，如果出厂时设置的电池的充电截止电流为60mA，而电池出厂时的额定容量为3000mAh，则可以计算出电池的充电截止倍率为0.02；在后续的充电过程中，将电池实际容量的0.02倍确定为电池的目标截止电流。
由上可知，随着电池实际容量的不断减小，电池的充电截止电流也在不断减小，这样能够保证在电池的实际容量发生变化后，也能够将电池充满，以提高电池的利用率。
本申请实施例中的恒流阶段对应的充电截止电压也可以是根据电池的实际容量确定的。对于恒流阶段以电池的电压作为切换条件的充电方式，电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电压不是固定不变的，可以根据电池的实际容量进行调整，这样电池在不同恒流阶段之间的切换不会受到电池的浮压的影响，能够保证电池的充电速度。
根据电池的实际容量，确定电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电压，可以包括：根据电池的实际容量和电池的当前电量，确定电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电压。例如，当所述电池的当前电量达到电池实际容量的第三倍率时，电池的点钱电压为电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电压。
对于不同的恒流阶段，可以设置不同的倍率。
作为一个示例，可以在电池的当前电量达到某个预设电量时，将电池的电压作为目标截止电压。当电池的电压达到该目标截止电压时，可以切换到下一个充电阶段。该预设电量与电池实际容量之间的比值为固定值，或者该预设电量也可以是将电池实际容量进行其他运算得到的。
本申请实施例可以根据电池的实际容量，以及电池恒流阶段预设的充电参数，更新电池在后续充电过程中的目标截止电压。
初始设置的充电参数可以是电池的当前电量与电池实际容量之间的比值，或者也可以是电池在出厂时设置的恒流阶段对应的充电截止电压。
对于预设的充电参数为电池的当前电量与电池实际容量之间的比值b的情况，在后续的充电过程中，可以直接根据电池的实际容量和该比值b，计算出当前恒流阶段电池需要达到的电量Q’。然后在后续的充电过程中，实时计算电池的当前电量，当电池的当前电量达到Q’时，进入下一个充电阶段。在该情况下，目标截止电压可以为电池的电量达到Q’时，对应的电池的电压。
对于预设的充电参数为充电截止电压的情况，假设该恒流阶段的充电电流为I1，充电截止电压为4.2V，可以以充电电流I1将电池充电至4.2V，计算电池的当前电量Q3，计算Q3与电池额定容量的比值为a％。在电池老化后，该恒流阶段需要将电池充电电池的电量为电池实际容量的a％后，再进入下一个恒流阶段。
对于上文描述的方式3的充电方式，在电池老化后，可以以更新后的充电电流对电池充电，然后将电池充电至更新后的充电截止电压。当电池电压达到更新后的充电截止电压后，进入下一个充电阶段。
电池的当前电量的计算方式可以与电池实际容量的计算方式类似，下文将会详细描述。
本申请实施例对确定电池实际容量的方式不做具体限定，例如，可以根据电池的充电电流和充电时间确定电池的实际容量。
根据库伦定理，即Q＝It，电池的充入电量可以根据电池的充电电流和充电时间来确定。
当电池从剩余电量Q1为0开始充电时，到电池充满后结束，电池的实际容量就等于电池的充入电量。
如果电池从剩余电量Q1不为0开始充，则可以根据电池的剩余电量与电池的充入电量之和确定电池的实际容量。
电池的充入电量可以是根据不同阶段的充电电流和时间确定的。例如，对于阶梯充电方式，不同充电阶段的充电电流分别为I1,I2,......,In，则电池的充入电量为Q2＝I1*t1+I2*t2+......+In*tn。如果电池从剩余电量为0开始充电，则电池的实际容量Q＝Q2＝I1*t1+I2*t2+......+In*tn。如果电池从剩余电量Q1不为0开始充电，则电池的实际容量Q＝Q1+Q2＝Q1+I1*t1+I2*t2+......+In*tn。
电池的剩余电量可以是根据电池剩余电量的百分比与电池的实际容量之间的乘积确定的。如果电池的剩余电量为20％，则可以将电池实际容量的20％确定为电池的剩余电量。
具体地，对于Q＝Q1+Q2，假设Q为电池在第m次充电过程中的实际容量，Q2为电池在第m次充电过程中充入的电量，Q1为电池在第(m-1)次充电结束后的剩余电量。因此，Q1可以根据电池剩余电量的百分比，以及第(m-1)次确定的电池实际容量来获得。
如果电池第(m-1)次的实际容量不确定，则也可以根据电池的额定容量来确定电池的剩余电量。
类似地，电池的当前电量的计算方式也可以参考电池的实际容量的计算方式。例如，以电流I1对电池进行恒流充电时间t1后，电池的当前电量为Q1+I1*t1。以电流I2对电池进行恒流充电时间t2后，电池的当前电量为Q1+I1*t1+I2*t2。
假设电池的充电过程包括相邻的第一恒流阶段和第二恒流阶段，第一恒流阶段对应的充电倍率为C1，第二恒流阶段对应的充电倍率为C2。
对于上文描述的充电方式二，第一恒流阶段对应的充电时间为第一充电时间，第二恒流阶段对应的充电时间为第二充电时间。在第一恒流阶段，可以以更新后的第一电流为电池充电，直到电池的充电时间达到第一充电时间；响应于电池的充电时间达到第一充电时间，进入第二恒流阶段，以更新后的第二电流为电池充电，直到电池的充电时间达到第二充电时间。
对于上文描述的充电方式三，在第一恒流阶段，以更新后的第一电流为电池充电，直到电池的电压达到更新后的第一充电截止电压；响应于电池的电压达到所述更新后的第一截止电压，进入第二恒流阶段，以更新后的第二电流为电池充电，直到电池的电压达到更新后的第二充电截止电压。
其中，更新后的第一电流可以是根据电池的实际容量和充电倍率C1确定的，更新后的第二电流可以是根据电池的实际容量和充电倍率C2确定的。
可选地，更新后的恒流阶段的电流可以是根据电池的实际容量和充电倍率的乘积确定的。对于第一恒流阶段，可以将电池的实际容量和充电倍率C1的乘积作为更新后的第一电流；对于第二恒流阶段，可以将电池的实际容量和充电倍率C2的乘积作为更新后的第二电流。
下面结合具体的充电过程，以充电方式三为例，对本申请实施例的充电方式进行描述。
假设电池的充电过程包括两个恒流阶段和一个恒压阶段，初始设置的充电参数如下：第一恒流阶段的充电电流为3A，充电截止电压为4.2V；第二恒流阶段的充电电流为2.4A，充电截止电压为4.4V；恒压阶段的充电电压为4.4V，充电截止电流为60mA。
假设电池的额定容量为3000mAh，根据初始设置的充电参数，可以计算出电池在第一恒流阶段的充电电流的倍率为1倍，在第二恒流阶段的充电电流的倍率为0.8倍，在恒压阶段对应的充电截止电流为0.02倍。
在刚开始充电时，可以按照初始设置的充电参数为电池充电。在充电过程中，可以分别计算电池的电压达到4.2V和4.4V时，电池的电量分别为Q11和Q22。此外，还可以计算将电池充满时，电池的实际容量Q。然后计算Q11与Q的比值X，以及Q22与Q的比值Y。
假设计算出的电池的实际容量为2500mAh，在下一次充电时，对于第一恒流阶段，根据计算出的电池实际容量Q为2500mAh，以及1倍的充电倍率，确定电池的充电电流为2.5A。类似地，计算第二恒流阶段的充电电流为2500*0.8＝2A。计算恒压阶段的充电电流为2500*0.02＝50mA。
在对电池充电时，在第一恒流阶段，以2.5A的充电电流为电池充电，并实时计算电池的当前电量。当电池的当前电量达到2500*X时，进入第二恒流阶段。在第二恒流阶段，以2A的充电电流为电池充电，并实时计算电池的当前电量。当电池的当前电量达到2500*Y时，进入恒压阶段。在恒压阶段，可以以第二恒流阶段结束时的充电电压对电池恒压充电，也可以以高于第二恒流阶段结束时的充电电压对电池恒压充电。在恒压充电过程中，检测电池的充电电流，当电池的充电电流达到50mA时，结束充电。同时，还可以计算充电结束时电池的实际容量，该实际容量可用于确定电池的下一次充电的充电参数。
本申请实施例可以通过电池实际容量的百分比来调整恒流充电过程，但是电池在充电过程中，电池的充电电压还需要满足一个条件，即不能超过电池的极限电压。该极限电压可以理解为电池所能承受的最高电压。假设电池的极限电压为4.5V，则电池不论在什么充电阶段，电池的充电电压均不能超过4.5V。
其次，还可以在电池的充电过程中，设置其他的限制条件，比如电池的温升，充电时间等。对于具有多个限制条件的情况，只要有一个条件满足，就需要对充电电流进行调整，以避免对电池造成影响。
例如，如果持续以大电流对电池充电，电池的温度上升会非常严重，这不但会影响电池的使用寿命， 还会增加电池的充电安全问题发生的风险。因此，在电池的充电过程中，还需要实时检测电池的温度等参数，以保证电池充电的安全性。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例描述的倍率均是指电池容量的倍率。电池容量的倍率可以包括电池实际容量的倍率或电池额定容量的倍率。
本申请实施例可以是在每次充电过程中，都更新电池的充电参数，也可以是在间隔n次的充电过程中，才更新电池的充电采参数，其中，n为正整数。
每次充电过程中都更新电池的充电参数，能够保证电池每次充电的充电参数都满足电池的充电特性。由于电池在连续两次的充电过程中，电池的实际容量和内阻不会发生很大的变化，因此连续两次的充电参数可以相同，间隔n次才更新一次电池的充电参数，能够简化电池的处理流程，不需要每次充电前都计算电池的充电参数。
本申请实施例中，电池的充电过程可以仅包括恒流阶段，不包括恒压阶段如电池的充电过程包括至少一个恒流阶段。或者，电池的充电过程可以包括恒流阶段和恒压阶段，如电池的充电过程可以包括至少一个恒流阶段和至少一个恒压阶段。
本申请实施例中，确定电池的充电参数除了会考虑电池的实际容量之外，还会考虑电池的充电循环次数，也就是说，可以根据电池的实际容量和电池的充电循环次数，更新电池的充电参数。
作为一个示例，可以对充电循环次数进行分段，每个阶段内的电池的充电参数可以保持一致。例如，第一阶段包括第1次～第10次的充电循环过程，第二阶段包括第11次～第20次的充电循环过程等。电池在1～10次的充电循环过程中，电池的充电参数可以保持一致，即第2次～第10次的充电参数可以沿用第1次的充电参数。在第11次的充电循环过程中，电池的充电参数可以根据电池的实际容量来确定，且第11次～第20次的电池的充电参数可以保持一致。由于电池在较小的充电循环次数的间隔内，电池的实际容量不会发生特别大的变化，因此采用这种方式不仅能够保证电池的充电参数与电池的当前特性相匹配，而且也不需要在每次充电过程中都更新电池的充电参数，能够节省资源。
作为又一示例，电池在恒流阶段的充电倍率可以与电池的充电次数有关，即电池在恒流阶段的充电倍率可以随着电池充电次数的不同而发生变化。
例如，可以对电池的充电循环次数进行分段，在一个阶段内的充电倍率可以保持一致，不同阶段之间的充电倍率可以不同。
假设第一阶段包括第1次～第100次的充电循环过程，第二阶段包括第101次～第200次的充电循环过程，对于第一恒流阶段，第一阶段对应的充电倍率为1C，第二阶段对应的充电倍率为0.9C，则电池可以在第1次～第100次的充电循环过程中的第一恒流阶段，根据电池的实际容量和电池的充电倍率1C确定电池的充电电流；在第101次和第200次的充电循环过程中的第二恒流阶段，根据电池的实际容量和充电倍率0.9C确定电池的充电电流。
本申请实施例提及的电池可以是锂离子电池，也可以是其他电池，如钠离子电池等。
上文详细描述了本申请实施例提供的充电方法，下面结合图6-图12，对本申请实施例的充电装置进行描述。应理解，方法实施例的特征同样适用于装置实施例。装置实施例与方法实施例相互对应，因此未详细描述的部分可以参见前面各方法实施例。
可以理解的是，装置实施例中的待充电设备和充电装置可以指上文描述的电子设备。
图6所示的充电装置包括充电管理电路610，该充电管理电路610用于确定电池的实际容量；根据所述电池的实际容量，更新所述电池的充电参数，所述电池的充电参数包括以下中的至少一个：所述电池在恒流阶段的充电电流，所述电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电压和所述电池在恒压阶段的充电截止电流；根据所述电池的充电参数，对所述电池充电。
该充电管理电路610例如可以通过处理器来实现，该充电管理电路610例如可以是芯片。
可选地，所述电池在恒流阶段的充电电流为所述电池的实际容量的第一倍率。
可选地，所述电池在恒压阶段的充电截止电流为所述电池的实际容量的第二倍率。
可选地，所述电池的充电截止电压是根据所述电池的当前电量和实际容量确定的。
可选地，当所述电池的当前电量达到所述电池的实际容量的第三倍率时，所述电池的当前电压为所述电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电压。
可选地，所述电池的充电过程包括相邻的第一恒流阶段和第二恒流阶段，所述第一恒流阶段对应的充电倍率为C1，所述第二恒流阶段对应的充电倍率为C2，所述充电管理电路610用于：在所述第一恒流阶段，以更新后的第一电流为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的电压达到更新后的第一充电截止电压，所述更新后的第一电流是根据所述电池的实际容量和充电倍率C1确定的；响应于所述电池的电压达到更新后的第一充电截止电压，进入所述第二恒流阶段，以更新后的第二电流为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的电压达到更新后的第二充电截止电压，所述更新后的第二电流是根据所述电池的实际容量和充电 倍率C2确定的。
可选地，所述电池的充电过程包括相邻的第一恒流阶段和第二恒流阶段，所述第一恒流阶段对应的充电倍率为C1，所述第二恒流阶段对应的充电倍率为C2，所述充电管理电路610用于：在所述第一恒流阶段，以更新后的第一电流为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的充电时间达到所述第一恒流阶段对应的充电时间，所述更新后的第一电流是根据所述电池的实际容量和充电倍率C1确定的，响应于所述电池的充电时间达到所述第一恒流阶段对应的充电时间，进入所述第二恒流阶段，以更新后的第二电流为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的充电时间达到所述第二恒流阶段对应的充电时间，所述更新后的第二电流是根据所述电池的实际容量和充电倍率C2确定的。
可选地，所述电池的充电过程包括至少一个恒流阶段，所述第二恒流阶段为所述至少一个恒流阶段中的最后一个恒流阶段，所述电池的充电过程还包括恒压阶段，所述充电管理电路610用于：在所述恒压阶段，以所述第二恒流阶段的充电截止电压或以大于所述第二恒流阶段的充电截止电压的电压为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的充电电流达到更新后的所述恒压阶段的充电截止电流。
可选地，所述充电管理电路610用于：根据所述电池的充电电流和充电时间，确定所述电池的实际容量。
可选地，所述电池的充电电压小于所述电池的极限电压。
可选地，所述充电管理电路610用于：根据所述电池的实际容量和所述电池的充电循环次数，更新所述电池的充电参数。
可选地，所述充电管理电路610包括通信控制电路，所述通信控制电路用于根据更新后的所述电池的充电参数，与电源提供设备进行通信，使得所述电源提供设备的输出电压和/或输出电流与更新后的所述电池的充电参数相匹配。
可选地，所述充电管理电路610包括第一充电通道，所述第一充电通道用于根据所述电源提供设备的输出电压和/或输出电流，为所述电池充电。
可选地，所述充电装置600包括无线接收电路，所述无线接收电路用于接收无线发射电路发射的无线充电信号，以对所述电池充电，所述充电管理电路610包括通信控制电路，所述通信控制电路用于与发射装置进行通信，使得所述发射装置调整所述无线发射电路发射的无线充电信号的发射功率，使得所述无线充电信号的发射功率对应的电压和/或电流的大小与更新后的所述电池的充电参数相匹配。
可选地，所述充电管理电路包括检测电路，所述检测电路用于检测所述电池的以下参数中的至少一种：充电电流，充电电压，充电时间和充电循环次数。
本申请实施例中的电池可以包括一节电芯，也可以包括相互串联的M节电芯(M为大于1的正整数)。以M＝2为例，电池可以包括第一电芯和第二电芯，且第一电芯和第二电芯相互串联。
多节电芯与单节电芯方案相比，如果要达到同等的充电速度，多节电芯所需的充电电流为单节电芯所需充电电流的1/M，同样地，如果采用相同的充电电流进行充电，多节电芯的充电速度为单节电芯的M倍。因此，在采用相同的充电电流的情况下，多节电芯能够大大提高电池的充电速度。
本申请的一实施例中的多节电芯可以是规格、参数相同或相近的电芯，规格相同或相近的电芯便于统一管理，且选取规格、参数相同或相近的电芯能够提高多节电芯的整体性能和使用寿命。或者，多节电芯的规格和参数可以不相同或不一致，在充电和/或供电过程中，可以通过均衡电路来均衡多节电芯之间的电压。
当然，即使多节电芯的规格和参数均相同，也会存在电芯电压不一致的情况，在这种情况下，也可以使用均衡电路来均衡多节电芯的电压。
对于包含多节电芯的待充电设备，在供电过程中，可采用降压电路将多节电芯的电压降压后对待充电设备进行系统供电，或者也可采用单节电芯进行系统供电。此外，在充电过程中，如果需要对系统供电，可直接分一条通路，对系统进行供电。
为了保持多节电芯的电量均衡，在充放电过程中，可通过均衡电路对多节电芯进行电量均衡。均衡电路的实现方式很多，例如，可以在电芯两端连接负载，消耗电芯的电量，使其与其它电芯的电量保持一致，从而使得各个电芯的电压保持一致。或者，可以采用电量高的电芯为电量低的电芯充电的方式进行均衡，直到各个电芯的电压一致为止。又例如，该均衡电路可以为Cuk电路。在例如，该均衡电路可以为基于RLC串联电路的均衡电路，或基于降压-升压(Buck-Boost)的均衡电路。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案，当电池包括多节电芯时，在恒流阶段，需要监测每一电芯是都达到该阶段对应的充电截止电压。当有任一电芯的电压达到该阶段对应的充电截止电压时，进入到恒压阶段。或者，在一些实施例中，也可以将已经充电至截止电压的电芯的充电通路断开，而继续对未充满的电芯执行充电，直至所有的电芯的电压均达到充电截止电压，然后进入恒压阶段。
本申请实施例的方案可以应用在有线充电过程中，也可以应用在无线充电过程中，本申请实施例对 此不做具体限定。装置实施例中的相关描述可以参照上文方法侧实施例的描述。
下面结合图7-图8，对本申请实施例应用的有线充电过程进行描述。
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种充电系统的示意性结构图。该充电系统包括电源提供设备10、充电管理电路20和电池30。充电管理电路20可用于对电池30进行管理。该充电管理电路20可以理解为上文描述的充电管理电路，可用于对电池的充电过程进行管理。
作为一个示例，充电管理电路20可以对电池30的充电过程进行管理，比如选择充电通道、控制充电电压和/或充电电流等；作为另一个示例，充电管理电路20可以对电池30的电芯进行管理，如均衡电池30中的电芯的电压等。
具体地，充电管理电路20可用于确定电池30的实际容量，并根据电池30的实际容量，更新电池的充电参数，其中，电池的充电参数包括以下中的至少一个：电池在恒流阶段的充电电流，电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电流和电池在恒压阶段的充电截止电流。
充电管理电路20可用于根据更新后的充电参数，与电源提供设备10进行通信，使得电源提供设备10的输出电压和/或输出电流与更新后的充电参数相匹配。具体的充电过程可以参考上文的描述，为了简洁，此处不再重复。
充电管理电路20可以包括第一充电通道21和通信控制电路23。
第一充电通道21可用于接收电源提供设备10提供的充电电压和/或充电电流，并将充电电压和/或充电电流加载在电池30的两端，为电池30进行充电。
第一充电通道21例如可以是一根导线，也可以在第一充电通道21上设置一些与充电电压和/或充电电流变换无关的其他电路器件。例如，充电管理电路20包括第一充电通道21和第二充电通道，第一充电通道21上可以设置用于充电通道间切换的开关器件(具体参见图8的描述)。
电源提供设备10可以是上文描述的输出电压可调的电源提供设备，电源提供设备的输出电压与更新后的电池的充电参数一致。但本申请实施例对电源提供设备20的类型不做具体限定。例如，该电源提供设备20可以是适配器和移动电源(power bank)等专门用于充电的设备，也可以是电脑等能够提供电源和数据服务的其他设备。
第一充电通道21可以为直充通道，可以将电源适配器10提供的充电电压和/或充电电流直接加载在电池30的两端。为了实现直充充电方式，本申请实施例在充电管理电路20中引入了具有通信功能的控制电路，即通信控制电路23。该通信控制电路23可以在直充过程中与电源提供设备10保持通信，以形成闭环反馈机制，使得电源提供设备10能够实时获知电池的状态，从而不断调整向第一充电通道注入的充电电压和/或充电电流，以保证电源提供设备10提供的充电电压和/或充电电流的大小与电池30当前所处的充电阶段相匹配。
例如，该通信控制电路23可以在电池30的电压达到恒流阶段对应的充电截止电压时，与电源提供设备10进行通信，使得电源提供设备10对电池30的充电过程从恒流充电转换为恒压充电。又例如，该通信控制电路23可以在电池30的当前电量达到恒流阶段对应的充电电量时，与电源提供设备10进行通信，使得电源提供设备10对电池30的充电过程从恒流充电转换为恒压充电。例如，该通信控制电路23可以在电池30的充电电流达到恒压阶段对应的充电截止电流时，与电源提供设备10进行通信，使得电源提供设备10对电池30的充电过程从恒压充电转换为恒流充电。
本申请实施例提供的充电管理电路能够对电池进行直充，换句话说，本申请实施例提供的充电管理电路是支持直充架构的充电管理电路，在直充架构中，直充通道上无需设置变换电路，从而能够降低待充电设备在充电过程的发热量。
可选地，在一些实施例中，如图8所示，充电管理电路20还可包括第二充电通道24。第二充电通道24上设置有升压电路25。在电源提供设备10通过第二充电通道24为电池30充电的过程中，升压电路25可用于接收电源提供设备10提供的初始电压，将初始电压升压至目标电压，并基于目标电压为电池30充电，其中初始电压小于电池30的总电压，目标电压大于电池30的总电压；通信控制电路23还可用于控制第一充电通道21和第二充电通道24之间的切换。
通信控制电路23可用于根据更新后的电池的充电参数，调整升压电路25的输出电压和/或输出电流，使得升压电路25的输出电压和/或输出电流与更新后的电池的充电参数相匹配。
假设该电池30包括多节电芯，该第二充电通道24能够兼容普通的电源提供设备为该电池30进行充电，解决了普通电源提供设备无法为多节电池进行充电的问题。
对于包含多节电芯的电池30来说，充电管理电路20还可以包括均衡电路22，参见上文的描述，该均衡电路22可用于在电池的充电过程和/或放电过程中均衡多节电芯的电压。
本申请实施例对升压电路25的具体形式不作限定。例如，可以采用Boost升压电路，还可以采用电荷泵进行升压。可选地，在一些实施例中，第二充电通道24可以采用传统的充电通道设计方式，即 在第二充电通道24上设置变换电路(如充电IC)。该变换电路可以对电池30的充电过程进行恒压、恒流控制，并根据实际需要对电源提供设备10提供的初始电压进行调整，如升压或降压。本申请实施例可以利用该变换电路的升压功能，将电源提供设备10提供的初始电压升压至目标电压。
通信控制电路23可以通过开关器件实现第一充电通道21和第二充电通道24之间的切换。具体地，如图8所示，第一充电通道21上可以设置有开关管Q5，当通信控制电路23控制开关管Q5导通时，第一充电通道21工作，对电池30进行直充；当通信控制电路23控制开关管Q5关断时，第二充电通道24工作，采用第二充电通道24对电池30进行充电。
在另外一些实施例中，也可在第二充电通道24上设置用于降压的电路或器件，当电源提供设备提供的电压高于电池30的需求电压时，可进行降压处理。本申请实施例，对第二充电通道24包含的电路或模块不进行限制。
可选地，在一些实施例中，充电管理电路20还可包括第三充电通道28。第三充电通道28上设置有降压电路27。在电源提供设备10通过第三充电通道28为电池30充电的过程中，降压电路27可用于接收电源提供设备10提供的初始电压，并将初始电压降压至目标电压，并基于目标电压为电池充电,。其中，初始电压大于电池的总电压，目标电压也大于电池30的总电压。
通信控制电路23可用于控制第一充电通道21、第二充电通道24和第三充电通道28之间的切换。
当电源提供设备10的输出电压大于电池30的总电压时，通信控制电路23可用于控制待充电设备使用第三充电通道28为电池充充电。
当电源提供设备10的输出电压小于电池30的总电压时，通信控制电路23可用于控制待充电设备使用第二充电通道24为电池充电。
当电源提供设备10的输出电压能够与电池30的总电压相匹配时，通信控制电路23可用于控制待充电设备使用第一充电通道21为电池30充电。
当充电管理电路20包括三个充电通道时，可以通过两个及以上的开关管来控制通道之间的切换。
下面结合图9-图12，对本申请实施例应用的无线充电过程进行描述。
传统的无线充电技术一般将电源提供设备(如适配器)与无线充电装置(如无线充电底座)相连，并通过该无线充电装置将电源提供设备的输出功率以无线的方式(如电磁波)传输至待充电设备，对待充电设备进行无线充电。
按照无线充电原理不同，无线充电方式主要分为磁耦合(或电磁感应)、磁共振以及无线电波三种方式。目前，主流的无线充电标准包括QI标准、电源实物联盟(power matters alliance，PMA)标准、无线电源联盟(alliance for wireless power，A4WP)。QI标准和PMA标准均采用磁耦合方式进行无线充电。A4WP标准采用磁共振方式进行无线充电。
下面结合图9，对一实施例的无线充电方式进行介绍。
如图9所示，无线充电系统包括电源提供设备110、无线充电信号的发射装置120以及充电控制装置130，其中发射装置120例如可以是无线充电底座，充电控制装置130可以指待充电设备，例如可以是终端。
电源提供设备110与发射装置120连接之后，会将电源提供设备110的输出电压和输出电流传输至发射装置120。
发射装置120可以通过内部的无线发射电路121将电源提供设备110的输出电压和输出电流转换成无线充电信号(例如，电磁信号)进行发射。例如，该无线发射电路121可以将电源提供设备110的输出电流转换成交流电，并通过发射线圈或发射天线将该交流电转换成无线充电信号。
图9只是示例性地给出了无线充电系统的示意性结构图，但本申请实施例并不限于此。例如，发射装置120也可以称为无线充电信号的发射装置，充电控制装置130也可以称为无线充电信号的接收装置。无线充电信号的接收装置例如可以是具有无线充电信号接收功能的芯片，可以接收发射装置120发射的无线充电信号；该无线充电信号的接收装置也可以是待充电设备。
充电控制装置130可以通过无线接收电路131接收无线发射电路121发射的无线充电信号，并将该无线充电信号转换成无线接收电路131的输出电压和输出电流。例如，该无线接收电路131可以通过接收线圈或接收天线将无线发射电路121发射的无线充电信号转换成交流电，并对该交流电进行整流和/或滤波等操作，将该交流电转换成无线接收电路131的输出电压和输出电流。
在一些实施例中，在无线充电之前，发射装置120与充电控制装置130会预先协商无线发射电路121的发射功率。假设发射装置120与充电控制装置130之间协商的功率为5W，则无线接收电路131的输出电压和输出电流一般为5V和1A。假设发射装置120可与充电控制装置130之间协商的功率为10.8W，则无线接收电路131的输出电压和输出电流一般为9V和1.2A。
若无线接收电路131的输出电压并不适合直接加载到电池133两端，则是需要先经过充电控制装置 130内的变换电路132进行恒压和/或恒流控制，以得到充电控制装置130内的电池133所预期的充电电压和/或充电电流。
变换电路132可用于对无线接收电路131的输出电压进行变换，以使得变换电路132的输出电压和/或输出电流满足电池133所预期的充电电压和/或充电电流的需求。具体地，变换电路132可用于对无线接收电路131的输出电压进行变换，使得变换电路132的输出电压和/或输出电流与更新后的电池133的充电参数相匹配。
作为一种示例，该变换电路132例如可以是充电集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)，或者可以为电源管理电路。在电池133的充电过程中，变换电路132可用于对电池133的充电电压和/或充电电流进行管理。该变换电路132可以包含电压反馈功能，和/或，电流反馈功能，以实现对电池133的充电电压和/或充电电流的管理。
随着电池的多次循环充电，电池的实际容量会发生变化，从而电池的充电参数也会随着发生变化。该变换电路132可用于根据更新后的电池的充电参数，调整其输出电压和/或输出电流，使得变换电路132的输出电压和/或输出电流与更新后的电池的充电参数相匹配。
在正常的充电过程中，电池所需的充电电压和/或充电电流在不同的充电阶段可能在不断发生变化。无线接收电路的输出电压和/或输出电流可能就需要不断地调整，以满足电池当前的充电需求。例如，在电池的恒流充电阶段，在充电过程中，电池的充电电流保持不变，但是电池的电压在不断升高，因此电池所需的充电电压也在不断升高。随着电池所需的充电电压的不断增大，电池所需的充电功率也在不断增大。当电池所需的充电功率增大时，无线接收电路需要增大输出功率，以满足电池的充电需求。
对于同一个恒流充电阶段，在不同的充电循环中，由于电池的实际容量不同，同一个恒流充电阶段的充电电流不同。充电循环次数越多，电池的实际容量越小，恒流阶段对应的充电电流越小，这样能够满足电池当前的充电特性。
当无线接收电路的输出功率小于电池当前所需的充电功率时，通信控制电路可以向发射装置发射指示信息以指示发射装置提升发射功率，以增大无线接收电路的输出功率。因此，在充电过程中，通信控制电路可以与发射装置通信，使得无线接收电路的输出功率能够满足电池不同充电阶段和/和不同充电循环次数中的充电需求。
本申请实施例对通信控制电路235与发射装置220的通信方式不做具体限定。可选地，在一些实施例中，通信控制电路235与发射装置220可以采用蓝牙(bluetooth)通信、无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)通信或反向散射(backscatter)调制方式(或功率负载调制方式)通信、基于高载波频率的近距离无线通信、光通信、超声波通信、超宽带通信或移动通信等无线通信方式进行通信。
在一实施例中，基于高载波频率的近距离无线通信模块可以包括内部封装有极高频(extremely high frequency，EHF)天线的集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)芯片。可选地，高载波频率可以为60GHz。
在一实施例中，光通信可以是利用光通信模块进行通信。光通信模块可以包括红外通信模块，红外通信模块可利用红外线传输信息。
在一实施例中，移动通信可以是利用移动通信模块进行通信。移动通信模块可利用5G通信协议、4G通信协议或3G通信协议等移动通信协议进行信息传输。
采用上述的无线通信方式，相比于Qi标准中通过信号调制的方式耦合到无线接收电路的线圈进行通信的方式，可提高通信的可靠性，且可避免采用信号耦合方式通信带来的电压纹波，影响降压电路的电压处理过程。
可选地，通信控制电路235与发射装置220也可以采用数据接口的有线通信方式进行通信。
图10是本申请实施例提供的充电系统的另一示意图。请参见图10，无线充电信号的发射装置220还可以包括充电接口223，充电接口223可用于与外部的电源提供设备210相连。无线发射电路221还可用于根据电源提供设备210的输出电压和输出电流，生成无线充电信号。
第一通信控制电路222还可以在无线充电的过程中，调整无线发射电路221从电源提供设备210的输出功率中抽取的功率量，以调整无线发射电路221的发射功率，使得无线发射电路发射的功率能够满足电池的充电需求。例如，电源提供设备210也可以直接输出较大的固定功率(如40W)，第一通信控制电路222可以直接调整无线发射电路221从电源提供设备210提供的固定功率中抽取的功率量。
本申请实施例中，电源提供设备210的输出功率可以是固定的。例如，电源提供设备210可以直接输出较大的固定功率(如40W)，电源提供设备210可以按照该固定的输出功率向无线充电装置220提供输出电压和输出电流。在充电过程中，第一通信控制电路222可以根据实际需要从该电源提供设备的固定功率中抽取一定的功率量用于无线充电。也就是说，本申请实施例将无线发射电路221的发射功率调整的控制权分配给第一通信控制电路222，第一通信控制电路222能够在接收到第二通信控制电路235发送的指示信息之后立刻对无线发射电路221的发射功率进行调整，以满足电池当前的充电需求， 具有调节速度快、效率高的优点。
本申请实施例对第一通信控制电路222从电源提供设备210提供的最大输出功率中抽取功率量的方式不做具体限定。例如，可以在无线充电信号的发射装置220内部设置电压转换电路224，该电压转换电路224可以与发射线圈或发射天线相连，用于调整发射线圈或发射天线接收到的功率。该电压转换电路224例如可以包括脉冲宽度调制(pulse width modulation，PWM)控制器和开关单元。第一通信控制电路222可以通过调整PWM控制器发出的控制信号的占空比调整无线发射电路221的发射功率。
本申请实施例对电源提供设备210的类型不做具体限定。例如，电源提供设备210可以为适配器、移动电源(power bank)、车载充电器或电脑等设备。
本申请实施例对充电接口223的类型不做具体限定。可选地，在一些实施例中，该充电接口223可以为USB接口。该USB接口例如可以是USB 2.0接口，micro USB接口，或USB TYPE-C接口。可选地，在另一些实施例中，该充电接口223还可以是lightning接口，或者其他任意类型的能够用于充电的并口和/或串口。
本申请实施例对第一通信控制电路222与电源提供设备210之间的通信方式不做具体限定。作为一个示例，第一通信控制电路222可以通过除充电接口之外的其他通信接口与电源提供设备210相连，并通过该通信接口与电源提供设备210通信。作为另一个示例，第一通信控制电路222可以以无线的方式与电源提供设备210进行通信。例如，第一通信控制电路222可以与电源提供设备210进行近场通信(near field communication，NFC)。作为又一个示例，第一通信控制电路222可以通过充电接口223与电源提供设备210进行通信，而无需设置额外的通信接口或其他无线通信模块，这样可以简化无线充电装置220的实现。例如，充电接口223为USB接口，第一通信控制电路222可以与电源提供设备210基于该USB接口中的数据线(如D+和/或D-线)进行通信。又如，充电接口223可以为支持功率传输(power delivery，PD)通信协议的USB接口(如USB TYPE-C接口)，第一通信控制电路222与电源提供设备210可以基于PD通信协议进行通信。
可选地，第一通信控制电路222调整无线充电信号的发射功率可以指，第一通信控制电路222通过调整无线发射电路221的输入电压和/或输入电流来调整无线充电信号的发射功率。例如，第一通信控制电路可以通过增大无线发射电路的输入电压来增大无线发射电路的发射功率。
可选地，如图12所示，待充电设备230还包括第一充电通道233，通过该第一充电通道233可将无线接收电路231的输出电压和/或输出电流提供给电池232，对电池232进行充电。
可选地，第一充电通道233上还可以设置电压转换电路239，该电压转换电路239的输入端与无线接收电路231的输出端电连接，用于对无线接收电路231的输出电压进行恒压和/或恒流控制，以对电池232进行充电，使得电压转换电路239的输出电压和/或输出电流与电池当前所需的充电电压和/或充电电流相匹配。
可选地，增大无线发射电路221的发射功率可以指增大无线发射电路221的发射电压，增大无线发射电路221的发射电压可以通过增大电压转换电路224的输出电压来实现。例如，第一通信控制电路222接收到第二通信控制电路235发送的指示增大发射功率的指示信息后，可以通过增大电压转换电路224的输出电压来增大无线发射电路221的发射功率。
本申请实施例对第二通信控制电路235向第一通信控制电路222发送指示信息的方式不做具体限定。
例如，第二通信控制电路235可以定期向第一通信控制电路222发送指示信息。或者，第二通信控制电路235可以仅在电池的电压达到恒流阶段更新后的充电截止电压，或者电池的充电电流达到恒压阶段更新后的充电截止电流，或者电池的电量达到恒流阶段更新后的充电截止电量的情况下，再向第一通信控制电路222发送指示信息。
可选地，无线充电信号的接收装置还可包括检测电路234，该检测电路234可以检测电池232的充电参数，电池的充电参数包括以下中的至少一个：充电电流，充电电压，充电时间和充电电量，第二通信控制电路235可以根据电池232的充电参数，向第一通信控制电路222发送指示信息，以指示第一通信控制电路222调整无线发射电路221的发射功率对应的输出电压和输出电流。
作为一个示例，对于充电方式2，在恒流阶段，检测电路234可对电池232的充电时间进行检测，当检测到电池232的充电时间达到恒流阶段对应的充电时间后，第二通信可控制电路235可以与第一通信控制电路222进行通信，以使第一通信控制电路222调整无线发射电路221发射的无线充电信号，使得无线发射电路221发射的无线充电信号与下一个充电阶段的充电需求相匹配。
作为又一个示例，对于充电方式3，在恒流阶段，检测电路234可对电池232的电量进行检测，并将检测结果发送给第二通信控制电路235。当电池232的电量达到恒流阶段对应的充电截止电量后，第二通信可控制电路235可以与第一通信控制电路222进行通信，以使第一通信控制电路222调整无线发 射电路221发射的无线充电信号，使得无线发射电路221发射的无线充电信号与下一个充电阶段的充电需求相匹配。
此外，检测电路234还用于在充电过程中，对电池232的充电电流和充电时间进行检测，使得待充电设备230可以根据电池232的充电电流和充电时间，确定电池232的实际容量。
在一实施例中，对待充电设备而言，在恒流充电的过程中，电池的电压会不断上升，电池所需的充电功率也会随之增大。此时，需要增大无线充电信号的发射功率，以满足电池当前的充电需求。在恒压充电的过程中，电池的充电电流可能会不断减小，电池所需的充电功率也会随之减小。此时，需要减小无线充电信号的发射功率，以满足电池当前的充电需求。
第一通信控制电路222可以根据指示信息调整无线充电信号的发射功率，可以指第一通信控制电路222调整无线充电信号的发射功率，使得无线充电信号的发射功率与电池的当前所需的充电电压和/或充电电流相匹配。
无线发射电路221的发射功率与电池232当前所需的充电电压和/或充电电流相匹配可以指：第一通信控制电路222对无线充电信号的发射功率的配置使得第一充电通道233的输出电压和/或输出电流与电池232当前所需的充电电压和/或充电电流相匹配(或者，第一通信控制电路222对无线充电信号的发射功率的配置使得第一充电通道233的输出电压和/或输出电流满足电池232的充电需求(包括电池232对充电电压和/或充电电流的需求))。
应理解，在本公开的一实施例中，“第一充电通道232的输出电压和/或输出电流与电池232当前所需的充电电压和/或充电电流相匹配”包括：第一充电通道232输出的直流电的电压值和/或电流值与电池232所需的充电电压值和/或充电电流值相等或在浮动预设范围(例如，电压值上下浮动100毫伏～200毫伏，电流值上下浮动0.001A～0.005A等)。
上述第二通信控制电路235根据检测电路234检测到的电池232的充电参数，确定电池更新后的充电池参数，并与第一通信控制电路222进行无线通信，以便第一通信控制电路222根据电池232更新后的充电参数，调整无线发射电路221的发射功率。调整无线发射电路221的发射功率可以包括：在电池232的恒流充电阶段，第二通信控制电路235根据检测到的电池的电压，与第一通信控制电路222进行无线通信，以便第一通信控制电路222调整无线发射电路221的发射功率，使得第一充电通道233的输出电压与该恒流充电阶段电池更新后的充电电压相匹配(或者，使得第一充电通道233的输出电压满足电池232在恒流充电阶段对充电电压的需求)。
图11是本申请实施例提供的充电系统的另一示例。图11的实施例对应的无线充电信号的发射装置220并非从电源提供设备210获取电能，而是直接将外部输入的交流电(如市电)转换成上述无线充电信号。
如图11所示，无线充电信号的发射装置220还可包括电压转换电路224和电源提供电路225。电源提供电路225可用于接收外部输入的交流电(如市电)，并根据交流电生成电源提供电路225的输出电压和输出电流。例如，电源提供电路225可以对交流电进行整流和/或滤波，得到直流电或脉动直流电，并将该直流电或脉动直流电传输至电压转换电路224。
电压转换电路224可用于接收电源提供电路225的输出电压，并对电源提供电路225的输出电压进行转换，得到电压转换电路224的输出电压和输出电流。无线发射电路221还可用于根据电压转换电路224的输出电压和输出电流，生成无线充电信号。
本申请实施例在无线充电信号的发射装置220内部集成了类似适配器的功能，使得该无线充电信号的发射装置220无需从外部的电源提供设备获取功率，提高了无线充电信号的发射装置220的集成度，并减少了实现无线充电过程所需的器件的数量。
可选地，在一些实施例中，无线充电信号的发射装置220可以支持第一无线充电模式和第二无线充电模式，无线充电信号的发射装置220在第一无线充电模式下对待充电设备的充电速度快于无线充电信号的发射装置220在第二无线充电模式下对待充电设备的充电速度。换句话说，相较于工作在第二无线充电模式下的无线充电信号的发射装置220来说，工作在第一无线充电模式下的无线充电信号的发射装置220充满相同容量的待充电设备中的电池的耗时更短。
本申请实施例提供的充电方法可以使采用第一充电模式进行充电，也可以采用第二充电模式进行充电，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
第二无线充电模式可为称为普通无线充电模式，例如可以是传统的基于QI标准、PMA标准或A4WP标准的无线充电模式。第一无线充电模式可为快速无线充电模式。该普通无线充电模式可以指无线充电信号的发射装置220的发射功率较小(通常小于15W，常用的发射功率为5W或10W)的无线充电模式，在普通无线充电模式下想要完全充满一较大容量电池(如3000毫安时容量的电池)，通常需要花费数个小时的时间；而在快速无线充电模式下，无线充电信号的发射装置220的发射功率相对较大(通 常大于或等于15W)。相较于普通无线充电模式而言，无线充电信号的发射装置220在快速无线充电模式下完全充满相同容量电池所需要的充电时间能够明显缩短、充电速度更快。
参见图12，在本公开的一实施例中，待充电设备230还包括：第二充电通道236。第二充电通道236可为导线。在第二充电通道236上可设置变换电路237，用于对无线接收电路231输出的直流电进行电压控制，得到第二充电通道236的输出电压和输出电流，以对电池232进行充电。
在一个实施例中，变换电路237可用于降压电路，并且输出恒流和/或恒压的电能。换句话说，该变换电路237可用于对电池的充电过程进行恒压和/或恒流控制。
当采用第二充电通道236对电池232进行充电时，无线发射电路221可采用恒定发射功率发射电磁信号，无线接收电路231接收电磁信号后，由变换电路237处理为满足电池232充电需求的电压和电流并输入电池232，实现对电池232的充电。应理解，在一些实施例中，恒定发射功率不一定是发射功率完全保持不变，其可在一定的范围内变动，例如，发射功率为7.5W上下浮动0.5W。
在本公开的实施例中，通过第一充电通道233对电池232进行充电的充电方式为第一无线充电模式，通过第二充电通道236对电池232进行充电的方式称为第二无线充电模式。无线充电信号的发射装置和待充电设备可通过握手通信确定采用第一无线充电模式还是第二无线充电模式对电池232进行充电。
本公开实施例中，对于无线充电信号的发射装置，当通过第一无线充电模式对待充电设备充电时，无线发射电路221的最大发射功率可为第一发射功率值。而通过第二无线充电模式对待充电设备进行充电时，无线发射电路221的最大发射功率可为第二发射功率值。其中，第一发射功率值大于第二发射功率值，由此，采用第一无线充电模式对待充电设备的充电速度大于第二无线充电模式。
可选地，第二通信控制电路235还可用于控制第一充电通道233和第二充电通道236之间的切换。例如，如图12所示，第一充电通道233上可以设置开关238，第二通信控制电路235可以通过控制该开关238的导通与关断控制第一充电通道233和第二充电通道236之间的切换。上文指出，在某些实施例中，无线充电信号的发射装置220可以包括第一无线充电模式和第二无线充电模式，且无线充电信号的发射装置220在第一无线充电模式下对待充电设备230的充电速度快于无线充电信号的发射装置220在第二无线充电模式下对待充电设备230的充电速度。当无线充电信号的发射装置220使用第一无线充电模式为待充电设备230内的电池充电时，待充电设备230可以控制第一充电通道233工作；当无线充电信号的发射装置220使用第二无线充电模式为待充电设备230内的电池充电时，待充电设备230可以控制第二充电通道236工作。
在待充电设备侧，第二通信控制电路235可以根据充电模式，在第一充电通道233和第二充电通道236之间进行切换。当采用第一无线充电模式时，第二通信控制电路235控制第一充电通道233上的电压转换电路239工作。当采用第二无线充电模式时，第二通信控制电路235控制第二充电通道236上的变换电路237工作。
可选地，无线充电信号的发射装置220可以与待充电设备230之间进行通信，以协商无线充电信号的发射装置220与待充电设备230之间的充电模式。
除了上文描述的通信内容外，无线充电信号的发射装置220中的第一通信控制电路222与待充电设备230中的第二通信控制电路235之间还可以交互许多其他通信信息。在一些实施例中，第一通信控制电路222和第二通信控制电路235之间可以交互用于安全保护、异常检测或故障处理的信息，如电池232的温度信息，进入过压保护或过流保护的指示信息等信息，功率传输效率信息(该功率传输效率信息可用于指示无线发射电路221和无线接收电路231之间的功率传输效率)。
可选地，第二通信控制电路235与第一通信控制电路222之间的通信可以为单向通信，也可以为双向通信，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
在本申请的实施例中，第二通信控制电路的功能可由待充电设备230的应用处理器实现，由此，可以节省硬件成本。或者，也可由独立的控制芯片实现，由独立的控制芯片实现可提高控制的可靠性。
可选地，本申请实施例可以将无线接收电路232与电压转换电路239均集成在同一无线充电芯片中，这样可以提高待充电设备集成度，简化待充电设备的实现。例如，可以对传统无线充电芯片的功能进行扩展，使其支持充电管理功能。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其他任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另 一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种充电方法，其特征在于，包括：
    确定电池的实际容量；
    根据所述电池的实际容量，更新所述电池的充电参数，所述电池的充电参数包括以下中的至少一个：所述电池在恒流阶段的充电电流，所述电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电压和所述电池在恒压阶段的充电截止电流；
    根据所述电池的充电参数，对所述电池充电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述电池在恒流阶段的充电电流为所述电池的实际容量的第一倍率。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述电池在恒压阶段的充电截止电流为所述电池的实际容量的第二倍率。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述电池的充电截止电压是根据所述电池的当前电量和实际容量确定的。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的充电方法，其特征在于，当所述电池的当前电量达到所述电池的实际容量的第三倍率时，所述电池的当前电压为所述电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电压。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述电池的充电过程包括至少一个恒流阶段，所述至少一个恒流阶段包括相邻的第一恒流阶段和第二恒流阶段，所述第一恒流阶段对应的充电倍率为C1，所述第二恒流阶段对应的充电倍率为C2，
    所述根据所述电池的充电参数，对所述电池充电，包括：
    在所述第一恒流阶段，以更新后的第一电流为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的电压达到更新后的第一充电截止电压，所述更新后的第一电流是根据所述电池的实际容量和充电倍率C1确定的；
    响应于所述电池的电压达到所述更新后的第一充电截止电压，进入所述第二恒流阶段，以更新后的第二电流为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的电压达到更新后的第二充电截止电压，所述更新后的第二电流是根据所述电池的实际容量和充电倍率C2确定的。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述电池的充电过程包括至少一个恒流阶段，所述至少一个恒流阶段包括相邻的第一恒流阶段和第二恒流阶段，所述第一恒流阶段对应的充电倍率为C1，所述第二恒流阶段对应的充电倍率为C2，
    所述根据所述电池的充电参数，对所述电池充电，包括：
    在所述第一恒流阶段，以更新后的第一电流为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的充电时间达到所述第一恒流阶段对应的充电时间，所述更新后的第一电流是根据所述电池的实际容量和充电倍率C1确定的，
    响应于所述电池的充电时间达到所述第一恒流阶段对应的充电时间，进入所述第二恒流阶段，以更新后的第二电流为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的充电时间达到所述第二恒流阶段对应的充电时间，所述更新后的第二电流是根据所述电池的实际容量和充电倍率C2确定的。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述电池的充电过程还包括恒压阶段，在所述第二恒流阶段为所述至少一个恒流阶段的最后一个恒流阶段的情况下，所述根据所述电池的充电参数，对所述电池充电，包括：
    在所述恒压阶段，以所述第二恒流阶段的充电截止电压或以大于所述第二恒流阶段的充电截止电压的电压为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的充电电流达到更新后的所述恒压阶段的充电截止电流。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述确定电池的实际容量，包括：
    根据所述电池的充电电流和充电时间，确定所述电池的实际容量。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，所述电池的充电电压小于或等于所述电池的极限电压。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的充电方法，其特征在于，根据所述电池的实际容量，更新所述电池的充电参数，包括：
    根据所述电池的实际容量和所述电池的充电循环次数，更新所述电池的充电参数。
  12. 一种充电装置，其特征在于，包括充电管理电路，所述充电管理电路用于执行以下操作：
    确定电池的实际容量；
    根据所述电池的实际容量，更新所述电池的充电参数，所述电池的充电参数包括以下中的至少一个：所述电池在恒流阶段的充电电流，所述电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电压和所述电池在恒压阶段的充电截止电流；
    根据所述电池的充电参数，对所述电池充电。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述电池在恒流阶段的充电电流为所述电池 的实际容量的第一倍率。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述电池在恒压阶段的充电截止电流为所述电池的实际容量的第二倍率。
  15. 根据权利要求12-14中任一项所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述电池的充电截止电压是根据所述电池的当前电量和实际容量确定的。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的充电装置，其特征在于，当所述电池的当前电量达到所述电池的实际容量的第三倍率时，所述电池的当前电压为所述电池在恒流阶段的充电截止电压。
  17. 根据权利要求12-16中任一项所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述电池的充电过程包括至少一个恒流阶段，所述至少一个恒流阶段包括相邻的第一恒流阶段和第二恒流阶段，所述第一恒流阶段对应的充电倍率为C1，所述第二恒流阶段对应的充电倍率为C2，所述充电管理电路用于：
    在所述第一恒流阶段，以更新后的第一电流为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的电压达到更新后的第一充电截止电压，所述更新后的第一电流是根据所述电池的实际容量和充电倍率C1确定的；
    响应于所述电池的电压达到更新后的第一充电截止电压，进入所述第二恒流阶段，以更新后的第二电流为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的电压达到更新后的第二充电截止电压，所述更新后的第二电流是根据所述电池的实际容量和充电倍率C2确定的。
  18. 根据权利要求12-16中任一项所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述电池的充电过程包括至少一个恒流阶段，所述至少一个恒流阶段包括相邻的第一恒流阶段和第二恒流阶段，所述第一恒流阶段对应的充电倍率为C1，所述第二恒流阶段对应的充电倍率为C2，所述充电管理电路用于：
    在所述第一恒流阶段，以更新后的第一电流为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的充电时间达到所述第一恒流阶段对应的充电时间，所述更新后的第一电流是根据所述电池的实际容量和充电倍率C1确定的，
    响应于所述电池的充电时间达到所述第一恒流阶段对应的充电时间，进入所述第二恒流阶段，以更新后的第二电流为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的充电时间达到所述第二恒流阶段对应的充电时间，所述更新后的第二电流是根据所述电池的实际容量和充电倍率C2确定的。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述电池的充电过程包括至少一个恒流阶段，所述第二恒流阶段为所述至少一个恒流阶段中的最后一个恒流阶段，所述电池的充电过程还包括恒压阶段，所述充电管理电路用于：
    在所述恒压阶段，以所述第二恒流阶段的充电截止电压或以大于所述第二恒流阶段的充电截止电压的电压为所述电池充电，直到所述电池的充电电流达到更新后的所述恒压阶段的充电截止电流。
  20. 根据权利要求12-19中任一项所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电管理电路用于：
    根据所述电池的充电电流和充电时间，确定所述电池的实际容量。
  21. 根据权利要求12-20中任一项所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述电池的充电电压小于或等于所述电池的极限电压。
  22. 根据权利要求12-21中任一项所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电管理电路用于：
    根据所述电池的实际容量和所述电池的充电循环次数，更新所述电池的充电参数。
  23. 根据权利要求12-22中任一项所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电管理电路包括通信控制电路，所述通信控制电路用于根据更新后的所述电池的充电参数，与电源提供设备进行通信，使得所述电源提供设备的输出电压和/或输出电流与更新后的所述电池的充电参数相匹配。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电管理电路包括第一充电通道，所述第一充电通道用于根据所述电源提供设备的输出电压和/或输出电流，为所述电池充电。
  25. 根据权利要求12-22中任一项所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电装置包括无线接收电路，所述无线接收电路用于接收无线发射电路发射的无线充电信号，以对所述电池充电，
    所述充电管理电路包括通信控制电路，所述通信控制电路用于与发射装置进行通信，使得所述发射装置调整所述无线发射电路发射的无线充电信号的发射功率，使得所述无线充电信号的发射功率对应的电压和/或电流的大小与更新后的所述电池的充电参数相匹配。
  26. 根据权利要求12-25中任一项所述的充电装置，其特征在于，所述充电管理电路包括检测电路，所述检测电路用于检测所述电池的以下参数中的至少一种：充电电流，充电电压，充电时间和充电循环次数。
PCT/CN2019/085724 2019-05-06 2019-05-06 充电方法和充电装置 WO2020223880A1 (zh)

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