WO2020222670A1 - Способ очистки природных и сточных вод - Google Patents
Способ очистки природных и сточных вод Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020222670A1 WO2020222670A1 PCT/RU2019/000536 RU2019000536W WO2020222670A1 WO 2020222670 A1 WO2020222670 A1 WO 2020222670A1 RU 2019000536 W RU2019000536 W RU 2019000536W WO 2020222670 A1 WO2020222670 A1 WO 2020222670A1
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- floating
- pressure
- filter
- layer
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 324
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 63
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 43
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 31
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 230000000739 chaotic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000008237 rinsing water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/02—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration
- B01D24/10—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration the filtering material being held in a closed container
- B01D24/18—Combined upward and downward filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/02—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration
- B01D24/10—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration the filtering material being held in a closed container
- B01D24/18—Combined upward and downward filtration
- B01D24/186—Combined upward and downward filtration the container having distribution or collection headers or pervious conduits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
- B01D24/4631—Counter-current flushing, e.g. by air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/02—Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres
- B01D39/04—Organic material, e.g. cellulose, cotton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5227—Processes for facilitating the dissolution of solid flocculants in water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
- B01D2239/1241—Particle diameter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
- B01D2239/1291—Other parameters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
- C02F2103/36—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds
- C02F2103/365—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds from petrochemical industry (e.g. refineries)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/40—Liquid flow rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
Definitions
- the invention relates to methods of purification of natural and waste waters by physical and chemical methods and can be used in energy, chemical, petrochemical, food and other industries, in particular used for the purification of industrial, household, atmospheric, mine, stratal, quarry water and tailings water ...
- the pressure filter contains a cylindrical body with upper and lower distribution devices, middle drainage and pipelines with shut-off valves for supply and output of flows. Filtration of the treated water and rinsing of the feed with source water are carried out in descending streams. Loading during flushing expands by 20-30%. (see Manual for the design of facilities for water purification and preparation for SNiP 2.04.02-84, 1989, pp. 65-69).
- a known method of regenerating a floating filter loading and a device for its implementation (see patent for invention RU 2112579 dated 02/18/1997), which includes a filter housing, which has a floating loading, pipelines for supplying source water and removing purified water, valves and drainage switchgears. Filtration of the source water is carried out in an upward flow through the floating charge, and the periodic cleaning of the floating charge is carried out by the downward flow of wash water. To increase the efficiency of cleaning the floating load from contamination, the effect of evacuation is provided.
- the disadvantage of this invention is also a low degree of reagent-free purification of the water being purified, and the effect of evacuation during the cleaning of the floating load does not create such a significant effect in certain complex operations.
- Known single-chamber filter (see patent US 4885083 from 05.12.1989), which includes a filter housing, which has upper and lower drainage and distribution devices, inside which there is a floating load with a grain density of 0.7 - 0.9 g / cm 3 .
- the purification of the liquid to be purified is carried out in an upward flow through a floating charge without the use of reagent treatment.
- pulsed compressed air and wash water are supplied in a downward flow.
- the disadvantage of this device is also the low degree of reagent-free cleaning of the purified liquid.
- Known filter with floating loading consisting of one or two pressure filters with floating loading, spherical grains of which have a granule size from 0.5 to 1 mm and a low density from 0.05 to 0 , 3 g / cm 3 and are made of polymeric materials or from foamed glass or ceramics.
- the purification of the liquid to be purified is carried out in an upward flow through a floating charge without the use of chemical reagents. Periodic cleaning of the floating load is carried out by pre-draining the pressure filter, and then washed with water through special nozzles until the filter is completely filled with water.
- the disadvantages of this device are also the low degree of reagent-free cleaning of the purified liquid, the fragility of the grains of the floating load, which are made of foamed glass or ceramics.
- a two-layer pressure filter for deep water purification is known (see patent for utility model RU 105185 dated 01.06.2009), containing in one housing at least one group of chambers for filtering materials of different properties, a loading expansion chamber for backwashing, drainage cap systems for supplying initial water, a system for removing filtrate and wash water, while the group of chambers for filtering materials of various properties consists of an upper chamber that contains a layer of filtering material, which is a floating polystyrene foam loading, and a lower chamber containing a filter layer - the sorption material is heavier than water, while the feed expansion chamber for backwashing is located between the upper and lower chambers of the group for filtering materials of different properties.
- the disadvantage of the filter is the low performance of the filter, since filtration through the floating load is carried out in a downward flow, which entails expansion of the load and the penetration of contaminants into the lower chamber and filtration through a sorption granular load, which will be irreversibly contaminated, which will entail its replacement.
- the closest technical solution, a prototype, is a water treatment plant (see the article "Experience in the introduction of dynamic clarifiers in the treatment of natural and waste water” / Water supply and sanitary equipment, L 12, 2013, pp. 46-53), which includes the following processing stages: mixing of purified water with a coagulant, flocculation in a pressure vessel for 5-10 minutes at a downward flow, mixing of treated water with a flocculant, filtration in an upward flow through a floating charge with a granule size of 3-5 mm and a density of 0.8 - 0.9 g / cm 3 in a pressure clarifier, final purification by filtration through a two-layer granular loading and disinfection of purified water with sodium hypochlorite.
- This installation is also not effective for purification of purified water, which contains light impurities with a density less than the density of water, in particular containing petroleum products and oils.
- the technical result is to expand the field of application of a pressure head filter with a floating load, providing a high degree of purification of both slightly contaminated natural waters and highly contaminated wastewater.
- the objectives of the claimed invention are:
- the set tasks are achieved by the fact that an oxidizer is sequentially introduced into the purified water to destroy organic impurities and a coagulant. Further, the purified water under pressure enters the intermediate pressure reactor for flocculation, the volume of which must ensure that the purified water remains in it for 2-30 minutes for the formation of micro-flocs of pollutants.
- the residence time of the purified water in the flocculation reactor depends on the temperature and contamination of the purified water. At a temperature of water being purified less than 10 ° C, the time of its residence in the flocculation reactor is 10-30 minutes, at a temperature above 10 ° C, the time is 2-10 minutes.
- the present invention proposes a completely new approach to the equipment of a pressure flooding reactor. Three versions of this equipment are offered.
- the pressure head flocculation reactor is a vertical pressure vessel with upper and lower distributing devices to ensure a uniform flow of treated water.
- a temperature of water being purified above 10 ° C it is proposed to direct the flow of purified water in a downward flow through the flocculation reactor, since at this temperature, coagulation is most efficient.
- the flocculation reactor is a vertical pressure vessel containing upper, middle and lower distributors.
- the purified water after chemical treatment, in particular with oxidants and coagulant, is fed into the middle distributor. Further, the flow of purified water is directed in a downward flow to the lower distribution device.
- Light contaminants such as petroleum products with a density less than the density of water will be separated from the middle distributor and rise to the top of the flocculating reactor. Removal of light impurities is proposed to be carried out through the upper distribution device continuously, or periodically as they accumulate in the upper part of the flocculation reactor.
- a flocculant is introduced into the purified water after the flocculation reactor for the purpose of adhesion (aggregation) of micro-flakes.
- this invention additionally provides for the introduction of an aqueous solution of a powder sorbent, namely, powdered activated carbon or other sorbent, before introducing a flocculant into the water to be purified.
- the water to be purified enters a pressure filter with a floating loading and is filtered in an upward flow through a floating loading, on the grains of which micro-flakes of pollutants adhere due to the effect of aggregation with the help of a flocculant.
- microparticles of the latter When using an aqueous solution of powdered activated carbon or other sorbent, microparticles of the latter also adhere to the surface of the grains of the floating load, which leads to the formation of a film on the surfaces of the grains of the floating load, providing a sorption ability to remove organic compounds and oil products from the treated water.
- the layer of the filtering load will be in a clamped state, which, in turn, will provide a high degree of purification of the treated water due to the numerous pore contact between the grains of the load and micro-flakes of pollutants and their adhesion due to the flocculant on the surface of the grains of the floating load.
- the upper and lower distributors are of the plate-plate type, or of the collector-beam type with slotted devices of known designs.
- the layer of floating loading In the process of purification of the treated water, the layer of floating loading accumulates in its thickness contaminants, which, as a result, "cement" the floating loading (clogging effect), and, as a result, creates a certain resistance during filtration of the treated water and, as a result, filtration decreases. Therefore, periodic cleaning of the floating load in a pressure filter is required, which is traditionally carried out by a downward flow of water. In reality, such cleaning does not effectively clean the floating load. It is also impossible to clean the floating load with an upward flow of compressed air, since the filtering load is in a clamped state.
- the task of developing an effective method for cleaning the floating load from retained contaminants is achieved by the preliminary partial emptying of the pressure filter so that the floating load layer goes down and is located in the middle of the pressure filter and provides a distance between the lower boundary of the floating load layer to the lower distribution device of more than 10 cm , as well as the distance between the upper boundary of the floating load layer and the upper distribution device is also more than 10 cm.
- This requirement is dictated by the fact that during the subsequent cleaning operation of the floating load due to the supply of compressed air in an upward flow at smaller distances, damage to the upper and lower distribution devices is possible due to the chaotic movement of the grains of the floating load in the water layer.
- washing water is supplied in the downward direction, which washes the grains of the floating load and ensures the removal of all impurities, which are heavier in density than water. Therefore, down-flow flushing with water lasts a short time within 2-20 minutes, which accordingly reduces the volume of flushing water.
- the linear velocity of the wash water is 15-40 m / h (4-11 l / s * m 2 ). At a rinse water flow rate of 15 m / h, 15-20 minutes is required, and at a speed of 40 m / h, 2-7 minutes are sufficient. Wash water is drained from the pressure filter through a lower distribution device with known slotted devices that prevent the removal of grains of the floating load from the filter, but allow impurities with the wash water to pass through.
- the present invention provides for the development of a new method for filtering the treated water through a floating loading.
- This method is as follows.
- the purified water after passing through the stages of introducing chemical reagents, namely an oxidizer, a coagulant and a flocculant, as well as after passing through a pressure flocculation reactor, is fed into a pressure filter with a floating load in two directions - from above and below, and, accordingly, the purified water is filtered through grains of a floating load downward and upstream.
- Purified water is discharged through an additional middle distribution device with known slotted devices, located in the middle of the floating charge layer.
- wash water After filling the pressure filter with water, wash water is supplied in the downward direction, which washes away loose dirt from the surface of the grains of the floating load and ensures their removal from the pressure filter. Since the contaminants have a heavier density than water, the removal of such contaminants requires smaller volumes of rinsing water and a shorter water rinsing time, which is 2-20 minutes.
- the linear velocity of the wash water is 15-40 m / h (4-11 l / s * m 2 ).
- wash water is drained from the pressure filter through the lower distributor with known slotted devices, preventing the removal of grains of the floating load from the filter, but allowing the passage of impurities with rinsing water.
- the proposed method of cleaning the floating load using compressed air provides a high efficiency of cleaning the surfaces of the grains of the floating load from contamination, but, on the other hand, causes the destruction of the grains of the floating load.
- the problem posed on the choice of materials for grains of a floating load, which ensures a long service life of a floating load in a pressure filter, is achieved by the fact that it is proposed to use polymer materials with a grain density of 0.3 to 0.98 g / cm 3 as grains of a floating load, then has a density less than the density of water.
- the density of grains less than 0.3 g / cm 3 is impractical to use due to their high porosity, and, accordingly, the ability of their irreversible compressibility and weak strength, which does not guarantee their long service life. It is impractical to use a grain density of more than 0.98 g / cm 3 due to the danger of their settling to the bottom of the pressure filter and, accordingly, to a decrease in the efficiency of purifying the treated water.
- bases consisting of high and low pressure polyethylene, polypropylene, various composite materials and their analogs, including their foam, to ensure the required density of grains of the floating loading.
- the task of increasing the dirt holding capacity of the floating loading layer of the pressure filter that is, increasing the volume and amount of retained impurities from the treated water between periodic cleanings of the floating loading, is achieved by the following solutions.
- the second solution for increasing the dirt holding capacity of the floating bed layer and at the same time ensuring a high degree of purification of the treated water is the use of a two-layer loading of floating materials in the pressure filter.
- the present invention proposes to use granules with a low density in the range of 0.3-0.8 g / cm 3 and with a smaller granule size in the range of 1-5 mm as the upper layer of the floating charge. It is proposed to use granules with a heavier density in the range of 0.8-0.98 g / cm 3 and with a larger granule size of 3-20 mm as the bottom layer of the floating charge.
- the use of a two-layer loading will allow to retain a greater amount of impurities in the lower coarse-grained layer of the floating loading during the upward filtration flow of the purified water, and the upper fine-grained layer will guarantee a high degree of purification of the purified water, that is, it will ensure the retention of all impurities from the purified water.
- the two-layer load when cleaning it with compressed air, will be mixed and cleaned, and when the floating load is washed with a downward flow of water, its layer-by-layer will be ensured due to the different density of grains of the upper and lower layers of the floating load.
- the height of the floating bed will depend on the degree of contamination of the treated water, the diameter of the pressure filter and the filtration rate of the treated water through the floating bed. Therefore, for a filter with a single-layer floating loading with a grain size of 3-10 mm, the layer height will be from 0.5 to 2.3 meters. For a pressure filter with a double-layer floating loading, the total layer height will be from 1.0 to 2.5 meters, of which the top layer is 0.3 to 1.5 meters high, and the bottom layer is from 0.5 to 1.5 meters. For a double-flow pressure filter with floating loading, a total height of 1.0 to 3.5 meters should be taken, and the middle switchgear is located in the middle of this height.
- the water to be purified preliminarily enters the flocculation reactor of the second stage, and then into a pressure filter with a floating load.
- the second stage pressure flocculation reactor is used in 3 versions.
- the pressure head flocculation reactor is a vertical pressure vessel with upper and lower distributing devices to ensure a uniform flow of treated water.
- a temperature of water being purified above 10 ° C it is proposed to direct the flow of purified water in a downward flow through the flocculation reactor, since at this temperature, coagulation is most efficient.
- the flocculation reactor is a vertical pressure vessel containing upper, middle and lower distributors.
- the purified water after chemical treatment, in particular with oxidants and coagulant, is fed into the middle distributor. Further, the flow of purified water is directed in a downward flow to the lower distribution device.
- Light pollution such as petroleum products with a lower density the density of the water will separate from the middle distributor and rise to the top of the flocculating reactor. Removal of light contaminants is proposed to be carried out through the upper distribution device continuously, or periodically as they accumulate in the upper part of the flocculation reactor.
- the difference between the pressure head flocculation reactor of the second stage is the shorter residence time of the treated water in this second stage apparatus, which is 1-10 minutes, depending on the degree of contamination of the treated water and on its temperature.
- the time of its stay in the second stage flocculation reactor is 5-10 minutes, and at a temperature above 10 ° C, the time is 1-5 minutes.
- the pressure filter with a floating load quickly becomes dirty and frequent cleaning of the floating load is required, which leads to a sharp increase in flushing wastewater. Therefore, in order to ensure the purification of the purified water containing high concentrations of heavy contaminants (suspended solids of different dispersion, clay, sand, coal dust, etc.), after the second stage pressure flocculation reactor, the purified water with coarse flakes of contaminants is first sent to the pressure hydrocyclone of known designs, and then into the pressure filter with floating loading.
- This solution allows using a pressure hydrocyclone to remove through its lower conical device of known types heavy impurities from the treated water, including coagulating heavy impurities, which in turn leads to a sharp decrease in the amount of impurities entering the pressure filter with floating loading, which, as a result, lengthens the time between floating load cleanups.
- Figure 1 shows a variant of purification of purified water using a pressure filter, including a double-flow one, with a floating load (Option 1).
- Figure 2 is a pressure flocculation reactor (Option 1).
- FIG. 3 pressurized flocculation reactor (Option 2).
- FIG. 4 pressurized flocculation reactor (Option 3).
- FIG. 5 pressure filter with floating loading.
- Figure 6 shows a method for cleaning a floating charge of a pressure filter.
- Figure 7 is a pressure double-flow filter with floating loading.
- Fig. 8 shows a method for cleaning a floating charge of a pressure head two-flow filter.
- FIG. 9 - a variant of purification of the purified water using a pressure filter, including a double-flow one, with a floating load (Option 2).
- Figure 10 - a variant of purification of the purified water using a pressure filter, including a double-flow filter, with a floating load (Option 3)
- Figure 1 shows a variant of purification of treated water using a filter with floating loading.
- Option 1 shows a variant of purification of treated water using a filter with floating loading.
- the water to be purified from pump 1 is supplied under pressure 2 - 16 bar through pipeline 2 to the pressure flocculation reactor 3.
- a coagulant solution is introduced into pipeline 2 under pressure from the coagulant pump 4 from the corresponding tank 5.
- the difference of this installation is an additional input of oxidizing solution into pipeline 2 , which is introduced by means of pump 6 from the corresponding tank 7.
- Additional injection of the oxidizing agent solution before the introduction of the coagulant allows oxidation and destruction of complex organic impurities in the treated water and increase the efficiency of coagulation.
- known mixing devices 8 are installed on the pipeline 2.
- FIG. 2 Various options for a pressure head flocculation reactor are shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and 4.
- a pressure flocculation reactor is a vessel into which purified water is supplied after mixing with an oxidizing agent and a coagulant, in which, after a certain time, micro-flakes of pollutants are formed in the purified water.
- FIG. 1 shows a traditional (known) pressure flocculation reactor 3 (Option 1), which consists of a cylindrical vertical body 15 and, respectively, upper 16 and lower 17 spherical bottoms. In the upper sphere 16 there is an upper distributor 18, which is connected to the pipeline 2 for supplying the water to be purified to the pressure flooding reactor.
- Option 1 a traditional (known) pressure flocculation reactor 3 (Option 1), which consists of a cylindrical vertical body 15 and, respectively, upper 16 and lower 17 spherical bottoms.
- an upper distributor 18 which is connected to the pipeline 2 for supplying the water to be purified to the pressure flooding reactor.
- the upper 18 and lower 19 distributors ensure the uniformity of the downward flow of the treated water, and the internal volume of the reactor vessel ensures the duration of the stay of the treated water in the pressure head flocculation reactor in order to form coagulated micro-flakes of pollutants from the treated water.
- FIG. 3 shows the device of a pressurized flocculation reactor (Option 2), in which there are the same devices as shown in FIG. 2 with the only difference.
- the stream of purified water is fed to the lower distributor 19 of the pressure flocculating reactor 3 through the pipeline 2 and is discharged through the upper distributor 18 and is further directed through the pipeline 9 to the filter with a floating load.
- This solution allows to increase the effect of coagulation due to the previously formed micro-flakes, which will be in suspension and will act as a catalyst for the coagulation process.
- Figure 4 shows the device of a pressure flocculation reactor (Option 3), which is expedient to use for purification of treated water, in which contains light impurities with a density less than the density of water, in particular containing petroleum products and oils.
- Option 3 a pressure flocculation reactor
- This device differs from the device shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, in that the water being purified is fed into the pressure flocculation reactor 3 through an additional middle distributor device 20 through the pipeline 2 after mixing with chemical reagents, namely an oxidizer and a coagulant.
- chemical reagents namely an oxidizer and a coagulant.
- the device 20 allows to separate from the treated water light impurities such as oil products and oils with a density less than the density of water, which will tend to go up from the distribution device 20 due to these densities.
- the pipeline 9 is introduced through the mixing device 8 of the solution of the flocculant 11 using the pump 10 from the tank of the solution of the flocculant 11.
- this invention additionally provides for the introduction of an aqueous solution of powdered activated carbon or other sorbent into pipeline 9 through a mixing device 8 using a pump 12 from a tank of a sorbent solution 13, which is provided before the flocculant solution is introduced.
- FIG. 5 shows a pressure filter 14 with a floating load 29, which consists of a vertical cylindrical body 23 and, respectively, upper 24 and lower 25 spherical bottoms.
- a lower distributor 26 which is connected to the pipeline 9 for supplying the water to be purified after the pressure flooding reactor 3 (Fig. 1).
- an upper distributor 27 which is connected to the purified water discharge line 28.
- a floating load 29 Inside the pressure filter 14 there is a floating load 29.
- the purified water through the pipeline 9 through the open valve 30 is supplied to the lower distributor 26, which ensures the uniformity of the upward flow of the purified water over the cross section of the pressure filter 14.
- the purified water which has been previously treated with various chemical reagents - an oxidizing agent, a coagulant, a flocculant and a powder sorbent solution (Fig. 1), filtered through a floating load 29, on the surface of the grains of which impurities in the form of previously formed micro-flakes will be retained in the pressure flocculation reactor 3 (Fig. 1).
- the purified water is discharged through the upper distributor 27 and through the pipeline 28 with the valve 33 open.
- the present invention proposes to monitor the performance of the pressure filter 14 using a flow meter 36 located on the outlet pipeline 28 after valve 33. This arrangement of the flow meter device 36 is dictated in order to extend the duration of its operation. On the inlet pipeline 9, the flow meter 36 cannot be installed, since the latter will fail due to its contamination with micro-flakes from the treated water.
- Figure 6 shows a method for cleaning a floating load, which is carried out in four stages according to the present invention.
- a partial emptying of the pressure filter 14 with a floating load 29 is carried out.
- the floating load 29 is lowered down by draining water from the pressure filter 14.
- Partial emptying of the filter 14 is completed when the lower layer of the floating load 29 is at a distance of 10 cm or more from the lower distributor 26, and the upper layer of the floating load will be at a distance of 10 cm or more from the upper distributor 27. After that valve 31 closes ...
- viewing windows 37 are used, of which the lower window shows the lower layer of the floating load 29, and the upper window shows the upper layer of the floating load 29 during partial emptying.
- the middle window shows the lower layer of the floating charge 29 during filtration of the water to be purified (Fig. 5) and during the washing of the floating charge 29 with rinsing water (Fig. Bd).
- this invention proposes to install a level gauge 38, which will provide information on the completion of the partial emptying of the pressure filter 14 with a floating load 29.
- compressed air is supplied with a pressure of 2-10 bar with the valve 32 open to the lower distributor 26, after which the compressed air in an upward flow destroys the "cementation" (clogging) of the floating load 29 and provides a chaotic movement of its grains in a layer of water, which leads to the effect of friction of the grains against each other, providing, in turn, intensive cleaning of adhered contaminants from the surface of the grains of the floating load 29.
- Compressed air is vented through the open valve 35 to the atmosphere.
- Compressed air is supplied for 3-30 minutes, after which valve 32 closes.
- the pressure filter 14 with a floating load 29 is filled with water, for which the valve 30 for supplying purified water is opened.
- the floating charge 29 rises and displaces air from the upper sphere 24, which is removed through the valve 35 into the atmosphere.
- the floating load 29 fills the upper sphere 24 and part of the cylindrical body 23 of the pressure filter 14.
- the valves 30 and 35 are closed.
- wash water is supplied, which is supplied under pressure through an open valve 34, a pipeline 28 and an upper distributor 27.
- wash water washes away loose impurities from the surface of the grains of the floating load 29 in a downward flow, which under its own weight and under the flow of wash water are removed from the pressure filter 14 through the lower distribution device 26, through the pipeline 9 with the valve 31 open. This operation lasts 2-20 minutes, after which the valves 34 and 31 are closed.
- the present invention provides a new device - a pressure double-flow filter with a floating load, which is shown in Fig.7.
- this filter 39 is similar to the pressure filter 14 with a floating load 29 (Fig. 5) and consists of a vertical cylindrical body 23 and, respectively, upper 24 and lower 25 spherical bottoms.
- a lower distributor 26 which is connected to the lower pipeline 9 for supplying purified water after the pressure flooding reactor 3 (Fig. 1).
- the treated water is discharged from the middle distributor 40, which is located in the middle in the thickness of the floating charge 29.
- the middle distributor 40 is connected to the pipeline 28 and the valve 33 purified water outlets.
- the line 28 also contains a flow meter 36 after valve 33.
- the purified water which has been pretreated with various chemical reagents - an oxidizer, a coagulant, a flocculant and a powder sorbent solution (Fig. 1), is filtered in ascending and descending flows through a floating load 29, on the surface of the grains of which contaminants will be retained in the form of previously formed micro-flakes in pressure head flocculation reactor 3 ( Figure 1).
- the treated water is discharged through the middle distributor 40 and through the pipeline 28 with the valve 33 open.
- the present invention proposes to monitor the performance of the pressure filter 39 using a flow meter 36 located on the outlet pipeline 28 after the valve 33. This location of the flow meter 36 is dictated in order to extend the duration of its operation. On the inlet upper and lower pipelines 9, the flow meter 36 cannot be installed, since the latter will fail due to its contamination with micro flakes from the water being purified.
- Fig. 8 shows a method for cleaning a floating charge of a pressure double-flow filter, which is carried out in four stages according to the present invention.
- the pressure double-flow filter 39 with a floating load 29 is partially emptied by opening the valves 31 and 35, and the floating load 29 is lowered down by draining the water.
- Partial emptying of the filter is completed when the bottom layer of floating load 29 is at a distance of 10 cm or more from the bottom distribution device 26, as well as when the upper layer of the floating load 29 is at a distance of 10 cm or more from the middle distribution device 40, that is, in the middle between the distribution devices 26 and 40. After that, the valve 31 is closed.
- viewing windows 37 are used, of which the lower window shows the lower layer of the floating load 29, and the upper window shows the upper layer of the floating load.
- the middle window shows the bottom layer of the floating load 29 during filtration of the water to be purified (Fig. 7) and during the washing of the floating load 29 with rinsing water (Fig. 8d).
- the present invention proposes to install a level gauge 38, which will provide information on the completion of the partial emptying of the pressure two-flow filter 39 with a floating load 40.
- compressed air is supplied with a pressure of 2-10 bar with the valve 32 open to the lower distributor 26, after which the compressed air in an upward flow destroys the "cementation" (clogging) of the floating load 29, and provides a chaotic movement of its grains in a layer of water, which leads to the effect of friction of the grains against each other, providing, in turn, intensive cleaning from the surface of the grains of the floating load 29 of adhered contaminants.
- Compressed air is vented through the open valve 35 to the atmosphere.
- Compressed air is supplied for 3-30 minutes, after which valve 32 closes.
- the pressure double-flow filter 39 with a floating load 29 is filled with water, for which purpose the valve 30 is opened to supply the water to be purified through the lower pipeline 9 and the lower distributor 26.
- the floating load 29 rises upward and displaces air from the upper part of the vertical cylindrical body 23 and from the upper sphere 24, which is removed through the valve 35 into the atmosphere.
- the floating load 29 fills the upper sphere 24 and the upper part of the cylindrical body 23 and then the valves 30 and 35 are closed.
- the floating load 29 is cleaned with wash water, which is supplied under pressure through the open valve 34, and further through the upper distributor 27. Then the wash water in a downward flow washes away from the surface of the grains of the floating load 29 loose impurities, which, under their own gravity and under the flow of wash water, are discharged through the lower distributor 26, through the pipeline 9 and through the open valve 31. This operation lasts 2-20 minutes, after which valves 34 and 31 are closed.
- the pressure double-flow filter 39 with floating load 29 is switched on or remains in the standby mode.
- FIG. 9 shows a variant of purification of purified water using a pressure filter, including a double-flow filter with floating loading. Option 2.
- This option differs from option 1 (Fig. 1) in that after the pressure flocculation reactor 3, in front of the pressure filter 14, or in front of the double-flow 39 with a floating charge, a flocculation reactor of the second stage 41 is installed.
- This solution allows to ensure high efficiency in the formation of micro-flakes of pollution from the treated water, and also allows to reduce the consumption of chemical reagents for the treatment of treated water, which will lead to a decrease in operating costs.
- the second-stage pressure flocculation reactor can also be presented in terms of its design in three versions, which are shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4.
- the difference between the second stage pressure flocculation reactor is the shorter residence time of the treated water in this second stage apparatus, which is 1-10 minutes, depending on the degree of contamination of the treated water and on its temperature.
- the water to be purified enters a pressure filter with a floating charge 14, or into a double-flow filter 39.
- Variants of a pressure filter, including a double-flow floating charge and methods for cleaning a floating charge are presented earlier in FIG. 5, 6, 7, 8.
- Figure 10 shows a variant of purification of water to be purified using a pressure filter, including a double-flow filter with a floating load.
- Option 3 shows a variant of purification of water to be purified using a pressure filter, including a double-flow filter with a floating load.
- This option differs from option 2 shown in Fig. 9 in that after the pressure flooding reactor of the second stage 41, before the pressure filter 14, or before the two-flow 39 with a floating charge, a pressure hydrocyclone 42 of known designs is installed.
- This solution allows with using a pressure hydrocyclone 42 to remove through its lower conical device the heaviest impurities from the treated water, including coagulating heavy impurities, which in turn will lead to a decrease in the amount of impurities entering the pressure filter 14, or into the double-flow filter 39 with floating loading, which, as a result, lengthens the time between floating load cleanups.
- the number of pressure flocculation reactors, pressure hydrocyclones and pressure filters with floating loading for various variants of water purification plants shown in Fig. L, Fig. 9 and FIG. 10 is selected depending on the capacity of the installation, on the size and volume of equipment, on the amount of equipment in operation, on flushing or in reserve.
- NASH pressure head vertical flocculation reactor
- NFPZ floating load
- the floating load is contaminated, therefore, it was periodically cleaned once a day due to the preliminary supply of compressed air with an upward flow, and then with a downward flow of wash water for 15 minutes at a rate of 150 m 3 / h.
- the flow direction in the RNH was changed from descending to ascending, which made it possible to improve the coagulation process at a low temperature of the source water (3-5 ° C) due to the previously formed microflakes, which are suspended in the NRH and are a catalyst for their enlargement.
- an oxidizing agent sodium hypochlorite
- an additional middle distribution device was provided in the NRH, which is located in the middle of the NRH. Also, after the introduction of the coagulant, the introduction of a surfactant-based demulsifier was provided before the NRH.
- the waste water after processing it with a coagulant and a demulsifier, is sent to the middle distributor of the NRH, at the outlet of which oil products float to the upper part of the NRH with their subsequent removal from the NRH through the upper distributor (Fig. 4), and the main stream with a low content of oil products (8-15 mg / dm 3 ) in a downward flow from the HPC through the lower distributor.
- a flocculant is introduced into the treated waste water and sent for treatment to the NFPZ.
- the only problem is a short water purification cycle (filter cycle) at each refinery between the purification of a floating load (less than two hours), and the amount of waste rinse water was up to 30% of the unit capacity.
- water is supplied to two newly installed pressure hydrocyclones, each with a diameter of 0.8 meters, in which heavy coagulated impurities (suspended solids) are removed through the lower conical device.
- Partially clarified water after hydrocyclones with a residual content of suspended solids of 10-30 mg / dm 3 is sent to the existing refinery (8 units) in an upward flow, after which the purified water fully meets the requirement for the discharge of purified water into surface water bodies.
- the time of water purification (filter cycle) for each refinery between the purifications of the floating load increased from 1.5-2 hours to 23-28 hours, and the amount of waste flushing water decreased from 30% to 2-3% of the unit capacity, ensuring high efficiency work of a mine wastewater treatment plant.
- a flocculant is injected into the treated water, and then it is sent to a pressure filter with a floating load (NFP) with a diameter of 0.2 meters and a height of 2.5 meters;
- NFP floating load
- the water flow rate through the laboratory unit was maintained in the range of 300–400 l / h.
- a two-layer floating load was used, the upper layer of which consisted of polymer granules with a size of 2-3 mm and a density of 0.7 g / cm 3 , and the lower layer consisted of polymer granules with a size of 5-7 mm and a density of 0.9 g / cm 3 .
- the total height of the two-layer loading was also 1.8 meters, of which 0.9 meters was the top layer and 0.9 meters was the bottom layer.
- polymer granules with a size of 3-5 mm and a density of 0.9 g / cm 3 were used , and the height of the floating load was 1.8 meters.
- Table 6 shows the results of two series of laboratory tests - the quality of the source and purified water, filter cycles between purifications of the floating loading of the NPPF, as well as the nominal and maximum productivity of the NPPZ.
- the amount of wash water during the cleaning of the floating load is the same, but in terms of the amount of purified water it has decreased by 2 times.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
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- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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CN201980005471.2A CN112272657B (zh) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-31 | 天然水和废水处理方法 |
MX2021011880A MX2021011880A (es) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-31 | Metodo de purificacion de aguas naturales y aguas residuales. |
PE2021001362A PE20212189A1 (es) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-31 | Metodo de purificacion de aguas naturales y aguas residuales |
SG11202108084QA SG11202108084QA (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-31 | Method of purifying natural water and wastewater |
JP2021560472A JP2022528959A (ja) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-31 | 自然水および廃水の浄化方法 |
KR1020217020293A KR20210096652A (ko) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-31 | 자연수 및 폐수 처리 방법 |
EP19926847.5A EP3964484A4 (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-31 | METHOD FOR PURIFYING NATURAL WATER AND WASTEWATER |
CA3129203A CA3129203A1 (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-31 | Method of purifying natural water and wastewater |
BR112021015507A BR112021015507A2 (pt) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-31 | Método de purificar água natural e água residual |
AU2019444039A AU2019444039A1 (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-31 | Method of purifying natural water and wastewater |
US17/310,472 US20220127175A1 (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-31 | Method of purifying natural water and wastewater |
ZA2021/05476A ZA202105476B (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2021-08-02 | Method of purifying natural water and wastewater |
CONC2021/0011183A CO2021011183A2 (es) | 2019-04-29 | 2021-08-25 | Método de purificación de aguas naturales y aguas residuales |
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DE1960008A1 (de) * | 1969-09-29 | 1971-04-22 | Beavon David Kent | Verfahren zum Reinigen oelfuehrenden Wassers |
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RU2112579C1 (ru) | 1997-02-18 | 1998-06-10 | Вологодский Политехнический Институт | Способ регенерации плавающей загрузки фильтра и устройство для его осуществления |
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JP2002086160A (ja) * | 2000-09-18 | 2002-03-26 | Takuma Co Ltd | フッ素を含む排水の処理方法 |
RU2206523C1 (ru) * | 2001-11-16 | 2003-06-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-производственная фирма "ЭКОС" | Способ получения питьевой воды |
JP2004113940A (ja) * | 2002-09-26 | 2004-04-15 | Tatsuya Sakamoto | 移動床式ろ過装置及びその運転方法 |
JP4318518B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-26 | 2009-08-26 | 三機工業株式会社 | 浄水処理方法および浄水処理システム |
EP2508488B1 (en) * | 2011-04-04 | 2015-06-10 | Veolia Water Solutions & Technologies Support | Improved biological waste water purification reactor and method |
US20130134100A1 (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2013-05-30 | Celanese Acetate Llc | Compacted Filter Beds Comprising Non-Sintered, Buoyant Filter Media and Methods Relating Thereto |
CA2857053C (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2020-04-28 | Clean Teq Holdings Ltd. | Process for treating water by removing ions and filtering agglomerates through a sorbent bed |
FR2995603B1 (fr) * | 2012-09-19 | 2014-09-26 | Veolia Water Solutions & Tech | Procede de traitement d’eau comprenant une flottation combinee a une filtration gravitaire et installation correspondante |
CN102942249B (zh) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-12-18 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | 一种移动床生物过滤装置 |
FR3022537B1 (fr) * | 2014-06-18 | 2016-07-29 | Veolia Water Solutions & Tech | Procede de traitement d'eau par adsorption et filtration sur lit de materiau granulaire. |
US10745309B2 (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2020-08-18 | Bl Technologies, Inc. | Multi-step system for treating selenium-containing wastewater |
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2019
- 2019-04-29 RU RU2019113558A patent/RU2701932C1/ru active
- 2019-07-31 CN CN201980005471.2A patent/CN112272657B/zh active Active
- 2019-07-31 JP JP2021560472A patent/JP2022528959A/ja active Pending
- 2019-07-31 PE PE2021001362A patent/PE20212189A1/es unknown
- 2019-07-31 KR KR1020217020293A patent/KR20210096652A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-07-31 EP EP19926847.5A patent/EP3964484A4/en active Pending
- 2019-07-31 BR BR112021015507A patent/BR112021015507A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-07-31 SG SG11202108084QA patent/SG11202108084QA/en unknown
- 2019-07-31 US US17/310,472 patent/US20220127175A1/en active Pending
- 2019-07-31 AU AU2019444039A patent/AU2019444039A1/en not_active Abandoned
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RU2112579C1 (ru) | 1997-02-18 | 1998-06-10 | Вологодский Политехнический Институт | Способ регенерации плавающей загрузки фильтра и устройство для его осуществления |
US7270745B2 (en) | 2003-08-04 | 2007-09-18 | Schwartzkopf Steven H | Liquid filtration apparatus embodying super-buoyant filtration particles |
RU87421U1 (ru) * | 2009-03-26 | 2009-10-10 | Дмитрий Дмитриевич Медведев | Устройство для очистки сточной воды |
RU105185U1 (ru) | 2009-06-01 | 2011-06-10 | Государственное Унитарное Предприятие "Водоканал Санкт-Петербурга" | Двухслойный напорный фильтр для глубокой очистки воды |
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CO2021011183A2 (es) | 2021-09-09 |
AU2019444039A1 (en) | 2021-08-26 |
US20220127175A1 (en) | 2022-04-28 |
JP2022528959A (ja) | 2022-06-16 |
MX2021011880A (es) | 2021-10-26 |
CA3129203A1 (en) | 2020-11-05 |
CN112272657A (zh) | 2021-01-26 |
EP3964484A1 (en) | 2022-03-09 |
EP3964484A4 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
ZA202105476B (en) | 2021-08-25 |
SG11202108084QA (en) | 2021-08-30 |
CL2021002175A1 (es) | 2022-02-18 |
IL286179A (en) | 2021-10-31 |
KR20210096652A (ko) | 2021-08-05 |
RU2701932C1 (ru) | 2019-10-02 |
AR122258A1 (es) | 2022-08-31 |
CN112272657B (zh) | 2023-02-03 |
PE20212189A1 (es) | 2021-11-15 |
BR112021015507A2 (pt) | 2021-11-16 |
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