WO2020216203A1 - 一种氮杂卓并吲唑类衍生物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

一种氮杂卓并吲唑类衍生物及其制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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WO2020216203A1
WO2020216203A1 PCT/CN2020/085775 CN2020085775W WO2020216203A1 WO 2020216203 A1 WO2020216203 A1 WO 2020216203A1 CN 2020085775 W CN2020085775 W CN 2020085775W WO 2020216203 A1 WO2020216203 A1 WO 2020216203A1
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compound
substituted
unsubstituted
deuterium
drug
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谢德建
黄金昆
岳春超
张伟
陈方
李潇霞
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成都科岭源医药技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2020216203A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020216203A1/zh

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    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/55Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
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    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/14Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • C07D487/02Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medicinal chemistry, and specifically relates to an azazinoindazole derivative and a preparation method and application thereof.
  • Serotonin type 3 also known as serotonin type 3, 5-HT 3
  • 5-HT 3 receptors are part of the serotonin system. It is known that 5-HT 3 receptors are expressed in the central nervous system involved in the vomiting reflex, pain processing, cognition and anxiety control, and play a regulatory role in the pathogenesis of the following diseases: nausea, vomiting, migraine, drug Addiction and neurodegenerative and mental disorders. In addition, 5-HT 3 receptors are also expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, which can regulate gastrointestinal disorders (such as dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease and irritable bowel syndrome).
  • IBS Irritable bowel syndrome
  • the clinical manifestations are abdominal pain, bloating, bowel habits and/or changes in stool characteristics, lack of gastrointestinal structure and Biochemical abnormalities.
  • IBS is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases in clinic. The patients are mainly young and middle-aged. The age of onset is more common in 20-50 years old. It is more common in women than men. It has a tendency to gather in families and is often associated with other gastrointestinal disorders If functional dyspepsia coexists.
  • IBS can be divided into four clinical types: diarrhea, constipation, mixed and indeterminate. Among them, diarrhea is more common.
  • Carcinoid is a rare, slow-growing tumor that can produce small peptides or peptide hormones. It is the most common endocrine tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. It is now classified as neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). ). Carcinoid syndrome mainly uses somatostatin analogs (SSAs) to control symptoms. However, for adult patients with carcinoid syndrome diarrhea (CSD) whose condition cannot be adequately controlled by SSA therapy alone, tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) in carcinoid tumor cells is targeted to inhibit the overproduction of serotonin. It can reduce the frequency of carcinoid syndrome diarrhea and significantly change the symptoms.
  • SSAs somatostatin analogs
  • TPH tryptophan hydroxylase
  • CINV chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
  • Postoperative nausea and vomiting is the most common symptom after surgery. It is affected by many factors such as the type of surgery, the duration of the surgery, anesthetic drugs and methods, and preoperative anxiety. Most patients are undergoing surgery. PONV will occur after 24 hours, and obvious nausea will appear before vomiting. Postoperative nausea and vomiting is also a common postoperative complication. According to reports, its average incidence is 20%-30%, and even 70% of high-risk patients. In addition to causing severe discomfort to patients, nausea and vomiting may also cause medical complications, such as wound dehiscence, bleeding, inhalation pneumonia, and water and electrolyte disorders. Therefore, people pay more and more attention to the prevention and treatment methods of PONV.
  • 5-HT 3 receptor antagonist which is a drug that completely antagonizes the activity of serotonin 3 receptor, but it has been researched. Can not fully meet the clinical needs. Therefore, preparing more effective and safer 5-HT3 receptor modulators that can meet clinical needs is the key to the treatment of various diseases including IBS, CSD, CINV and PONV.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a more effective and safer 5-HT3 receptor modulator.
  • the present invention provides a compound represented by formula I, its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, its stereoisomer, its tautomer, its prodrug, its solvate or its hydrate:
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, carboxy, nitro, amino, -L 0- OH, -L 3 -C(O) R 6 , -L 4 -CO(O)R 7 , -L 5 -(O)COR 8 , -L 6 -NHC(O)R 9 , -L 1 -C(O)NHR 10 , -SO 2 R 11 , -L 2- CN, substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted single heterocyclic group, Substituted or unsubstituted monocycloalkane, substituted or unsubstituted aza-fused cycloalkyl, substitute
  • substituents are each independently selected from deuterium, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, carboxy, nitro, amino, -L 0- OH, -L 3 -C(O)R 6 , -L 4 -CO(O)R 7 , -L 5 -(O)COR 8 , -L 6 -NHC(O)R 9 , -L 1 -C(O)NHR 10 , -SO 2 R 11 , -L 2- CN, C 2 ⁇ 8 alkenyl group, C 2 ⁇ 8 alkynyl group, C 1 ⁇ 8 alkyl, C 1 ⁇ 8 alkoxy;
  • L 0 , L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 , L 5 , L 6 are each independently selected from 0-8 alkylene groups
  • R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 is each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, carboxy, nitro, amino, C 1-8 alkyl;
  • a is selected from an integer of 1-3, and b is selected from an integer of 1-4.
  • R 2 is selected from deuterium, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, nitro, amino, -L 0- OH, -L 3 -C(O)R 6 , -L 4 -CO(O)R 7 , -L 5- (O)COR 8 , -L 6 -NHC(O)R 9 , -L 1 -C(O)NHR 10 , -SO 2 R 11 , -L 2- CN, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 ⁇ 8 alkenes group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 ⁇ 8 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 ⁇ 8 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 ⁇ 8 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted 3-10 membered monocyclic heteroaryl Cyclic group, substituted or unsubstituted 3-10 membered monocycloalkane, substituted or unsub
  • R 1 , R 3 , R 4 , a, and b are as described above.
  • R 2 is selected from deuterium, cyano or hydroxyl
  • R 5 is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, carboxyl, nitro, amino, -L 0- OH, -L 3 -C(O)R 6 , -L 4 -CO(O)R 7 , -L 5 -(O)COR 8 , -L 6 -NHC(O)R 9 , -L 1 -C(O)NHR 10 , -SO 2 R 11 , -L 2- CN, C 2 ⁇ 8 alkenyl , C 2 ⁇ 8 alkynyl group, C 1 ⁇ 8 alkyl, C 1 ⁇ 8 alkoxy; wherein, L 0, L 1, L 2, L 3, L 4, L 5, L 6 are each independently selected from 0-8 alkylene groups, R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, carboxy, nitro, amino, C 1
  • c is selected from an integer of 1 to 5;
  • R 1 , R 3 , and b are as described above.
  • R 2 is selected from deuterium, cyano or hydroxyl.
  • R 2 is selected from hydrogen or halogen
  • R 1 is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, carboxyl, nitro, amino, -L 0- OH, -L 3 -C(O)R 6 , -L 4 -CO(O)R 7 , -L 5 -(O)COR 8 , -L 6 -NHC(O)R 9 , -L 1 -C(O)NHR 10 , -SO 2 R 11 , -L 2- CN, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 ⁇ 8 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 2-8 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 ⁇ 8 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted 3 to 10-membered saturated monocyclic heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted 3-10 membered saturated monocycloalkane, substituted or unsubstituted 3-10 membered saturated
  • substituents are each independently selected from deuterium, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, carboxy, nitro, amino, -L 0- OH, -L 3 -C(O)R 6 , -L 4 -CO(O)R 7 , -L 5 -(O)COR 8 , -L 6 -NHC(O)R 9 , -L 1 -C(O)NHR 10 , -SO 2 R 11 , -L 2- CN, C 2 ⁇ 8 alkenyl group, C 2 ⁇ 8 alkynyl group, C 1 ⁇ 8 alkyl, C 1 ⁇ 8 alkoxy;
  • L 0 , L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 , L 5 , L 6 are each independently selected from 0-8 alkylene groups
  • R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 is each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, carboxy, nitro, amino, C 1-8 alkyl;
  • R 2 is selected from hydrogen or halogen
  • R 5 is selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, carboxyl, nitro, amino, -L 0- OH, -L 3 -C(O)R 6 , -L 4 -CO(O)R 7 , -L 5 -(O)COR 8 , -L 6 -NHC(O)R 9 , -L 1 -C(O)NHR 10 , -SO 2 R 11 , -L 2- CN, C 2 ⁇ 8 alkenyl , C 2 ⁇ 8 alkynyl group, C 1 ⁇ 8 alkyl, C 1 ⁇ 8 alkoxy; wherein, L 0, L 1, L 2, L 3, L 4, L 5, L 6 are each independently selected from 0-8 alkylene groups, R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, carboxy, nitro, amino, C 1
  • c is selected from an integer of 1 to 5;
  • R 1 , R 3 , and b are as described above.
  • R 2 is selected from halogen, preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salt includes hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulfate, phosphate, methanesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate, 1-naphthalenesulfonate, 2-naphthalenesulfonate, acetate, trifluoroacetate, malate, tartrate, citrate, lactate, oxalate, succinate, fumaric acid Salt, maleate, benzoate, salicylate, phenylacetate, mandelate.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing the compound represented by formula II-2a or formula III-2, characterized in that: the method is that compound 9a undergoes a deprotection reaction with a deprotecting agent to remove the -PMB group, The final compound is obtained; the structure of compound 9a is
  • the method is that compound 9 first undergoes a substitution reaction with a substitution reagent, and the Br in compound 9 is substituted with R 2 except Br to obtain an intermediate product; then the intermediate product undergoes a deprotection reaction with a deprotection agent to remove -PMB group, the final compound is obtained; the structure of compound 9 is
  • the final compound is a compound represented by formula II-2a or formula III-2;
  • the R 2 is selected from deuterium, cyano, hydroxyl or halogen, and the halogen is preferably fluorine, chlorine or bromine;
  • the deprotection agent is preferably trifluoroacetic acid; the substitution reagent is preferably zinc cyanide, 8-hydroxyquinalidine, deuterium gas, N-fluorobisbenzenesulfonamide or tetramethylammonium chloride.
  • preparation method of the compound 9a includes the following steps:
  • the structure of compound 1b is The structure of compound 1a is The structure of compound 2b is The structure of compound 3b is The structure of compound 4b is The structure of compound 5b is The structure of compound 6b is The structure of compound 7 is The structure of compound 8b is R 2 is as described above.
  • the present invention also provides the compound, its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, its stereoisomer, its tautomer, its prodrug, its solvate or its hydrate in the preparation of 5-HT3 receptor modulator Use in.
  • the 5-HT3 receptor modulator is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist or a 5-HT3 receptor partial agonist.
  • the 5-HT3 receptor modulator is a drug for the treatment of diseases, and the diseases include generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, dizziness, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and neurological greed. Eating disorders, drug withdrawal effects, alcohol dependence, pain, sleep-related central apnea, chronic fatigue syndrome, central nervous system-related diseases, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, cognitive decline in schizophrenia Dementia related to defects, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer's disease, obesity, substance abuse disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cognitive impairment, fibromyalgia syndrome, rosacea, Cardiovascular disease, nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, Burkitt lymphoma, bronchial asthma, pruritus, migraine and epilepsy, carcinoid syndrome, irritable bowel, mediated by serotonin Syndrome; the nausea or vomiting is preferably nausea or vomiting caused by chemotherapy, nausea or vomiting caused by surgery, nausea or vomiting
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition, which is based on the above-mentioned compound, its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, its stereoisomer, its tautomer, its prodrug, its solvate or its hydrate It is a preparation prepared by active ingredients and pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials.
  • the present invention also provides a combination medicine, which contains the above-mentioned compound, its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, its stereoisomer, and its mutual variation in the same or different specification unit preparations for simultaneous or separate administration
  • a combination medicine which contains the above-mentioned compound, its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, its stereoisomer, and its mutual variation in the same or different specification unit preparations for simultaneous or separate administration
  • the combination drug is a drug for the treatment of schizophrenia
  • the drug for the treatment of diseases related to 5-HT3 receptor expression is selected from the group consisting of valproate, levomepromazine, alprazolam, Haloperidol, chlorpromazine, risperidone, paliperidone, olanzapine, ziprasidone, quetiapine, clozapine, lithium carbonate, diazepam, carbamazepine, selective 5 -One or more of serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants;
  • the combined drug is a drug for treating Parkinson's disease
  • the drug for treating diseases related to 5-HT3 receptor expression is selected from transdermal rotigotine, rasagiline, safinamide, One or more of levodopa, carbidopa, dopamine agonists, COMT inhibitors, MAO-B inhibitors, amantadine, and anticholinergics;
  • the combination drug is a drug for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
  • the drug for the treatment of diseases related to 5-HT3 receptor expression is selected from a second serotonin 5-HT3 receptor modulator or 5 -A serotonin 5-HT4 receptor modulator
  • the second serotonin 5-HT3 receptor modulator or serotonin 5-HT4 receptor modulator is selected from alosetron, renzapride, and zealand Setron, tegaserod, prucalopride, ondansetron, somatostatin analogs, muscarinic receptor antagonists, laxatives, antispasmodics, antidepressants, antidiarrheals, prokinetics
  • antagonists peripheral opioid anesthetic antagonists
  • the combination drug is a drug for the treatment of nausea or vomiting
  • the drug for the treatment of a disease related to 5-HT3 receptor expression is selected from the group consisting of dexamethasone, alostron, alprazolam, and Ari Pitan, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, dolasetron, tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabirone, dronabinol, doperidol, granisetron, haloperidol, lorazepam, methyl One or more of Oxopramide, Midazolam, Olanzapine, Ondansetron, Palonosetron, Prochlorperazine, Promethazine, and Tropisetron.
  • the -PMB group is p-methoxybenzyl.
  • substitution refers to the replacement of hydrogen atoms in a molecule by other different atoms or groups, including the replacement of one, two or more hydrogen atoms on the same or different atoms in the molecule.
  • C a to b refer to all groups or molecules containing a to b carbon atoms.
  • C 1 to 8 alkyl includes all branched or straight chain alkyls containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • the compound prepared by the present invention has a strong affinity for 5-HT3 receptors, has high activity as a modulator of 5-HT3 receptors, and can be used to prepare treatments for irritable bowel syndrome, nausea, and vomiting.
  • Drugs for diseases related to 5-HT3 receptor expression such as gastroenteritis, gastric dysfunction, diarrhea, pain, carcinoid syndrome and drug addiction, have broad application prospects.
  • the raw materials and equipment used in the present invention are all known products and are obtained by purchasing commercially available products.
  • Example 1 the present invention (S)-3-bromo-7-(quinucl-3-yl)-2,7,,8,9-tetrahydro-6H-azazep[5,4,3 -cd] Preparation of indazol-6-one (compound 10)
  • Example 3 the present invention (S)-3-hydroxy-7-(quinuclidin-3-yl)-2,7,8,9-tetrahydro-6H-azazep[5,4,3 -cd]Indazol-6-one (Compound 12) Preparation
  • Example 4 the present invention (S)-3-deuterium-7-(quinuclidine-3-yl)-2,7,,8,9-tetrahydro-6H-azazep[5,4,3 -cd] Preparation of indazol-6-one (compound 13)
  • Triethylamine (61 mg, 0.606 mmol) was added to the solution containing compound 9 (100 mg, 0.202 mmol) and tetrahydrofuran (5 mL), the reaction solution was replaced with deuterium gas, and stirred under deuterium gas (balloon) overnight. The reaction solution was suction filtered, washed with tetrahydrofuran, and the filtrate was spin-dried. The residue was purified by silica gel column to obtain pure compound 13a, 70 mg, light yellow solid, 83% yield.
  • Example 5 the present invention (S)-3-fluoro-7-(quinuclidin-3-yl)-2,7,,8,9-tetrahydro-6H-azazep[5,4,3 -cd] Preparation of indazol-6-one (Compound 14)
  • reaction solution was stirred at 0°C for 30 minutes and then at room temperature for 2 hours.
  • the reaction solution was poured into saturated ammonium chloride aqueous solution to quench, and extracted twice with dichloromethane. Combine the dichloromethane layers, dry with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and spin dry. The residue was purified by silica gel column to obtain pure compound 14a, 45 mg, light yellow solid, 51% yield.
  • the relative affinity of the compound to the human 5-HT3 receptor is tested.
  • the specific operation is as follows: the test compound is diluted with 100% DMSO to 10 mM, then diluted with 100% DMSO in a 96-well plate with a 10 ⁇ assay concentration gradient, and further diluted with assay buffer to 4 ⁇ assay concentration.
  • the binding reaction was set in the wells of PicoPlates-96 by continuously adding 50 ⁇ L of competitive test compound or buffer, SPA beads, radioligand and 5-HT3 receptor membrane. After stirring overnight at room temperature for incubation, centrifuge at 1500 rpm for 15 minutes, and then incubate for 30 minutes in the dark. Finally, the radioactivity was read for 5 minutes in the TopCount microplate counter.
  • the total binding control only contains the above-mentioned buffer used to dilute the test compound. Non-specific binding is determined in the presence of 30 ⁇ M MDL-72222. The specific binding is the total binding control minus the non-specific binding. All experiments used ten competing ligand concentrations and repeated tests. ALB-137391 was used as a positive control.
  • ALB-137391 is a 5-HT3 receptor partial agonist, provided by American AMRI Company, the production batch number is: 1631-B-R0-01-43-01, the structure is as follows:
  • Test compounds of the present invention and the positive control of human ALB-137391 5-HT3 receptor affinity and IC 50 results shown below.
  • the compounds of the present invention have a strong affinity for human 5-HT3 receptors (especially compounds 10, 12, 13, 14, 15), and have high activity as 5-HT3 receptor modulators.
  • the affinity and inhibitory effect of compound 13 of the present invention on 5-HT3 receptor is even better than the positive control ALB-137391.
  • the present invention provides a compound represented by formula I and a preparation method thereof, which can be used as a 5-HT3 receptor modulator.
  • the compound prepared by the present invention has a strong affinity for 5-HT3 receptors, has high activity as a modulator of 5-HT3 receptors, and can be used to prepare treatments for irritable bowel syndrome, nausea, vomiting, Drugs for gastroenteritis, gastric dysfunction, diarrhea, pain, carcinoid syndrome, and drug addiction have broad application prospects.

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Abstract

涉及一种氮杂卓并吲唑类衍生物及其制备方法和用途。具体提供了式Ⅰ所示化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物。所述化合物能够用作5-HT3受体调节剂。实验证明,制备例化合物对5-HT3受体具有很强的亲和力,作为5-HT3受体的调节剂具有很高的活性,可以用来制备治疗肠易激综合征、恶心、呕吐、肠胃炎、胃功能紊乱、腹泻、疼痛、类癌综合征以及药物成瘾等疾病的药物,应用前景广阔

Description

一种氮杂卓并吲唑类衍生物及其制备方法和用途 技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,具体涉及一种氮杂卓并吲唑类衍生物及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
5-羟色胺3型(又称血清素3型,5-HT 3)受体是血清素系统的一部分。已知5-HT 3受体在涉及呕吐反射、疼痛处理、认知和焦虑控制的中枢神经系统中表达,并且在以下疾病的发病机制中起到调节作用:恶心、呕吐、偏头痛、药物成瘾以及神经变性病症和精神病症。此外,5-HT 3受体还在胃肠道中表达,可对胃肠道病症(如消化不良、胃食管反流疾病和激燥性肠综合征)起到调节作用。
肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome,IBS)是一种持续或间歇发作的功能性胃肠道疾病,临床表现为腹痛、腹胀、排便习惯和(或)大便性状改变、缺乏胃肠道结构和生化异常。IBS是临床最常见的胃肠道疾病之一,患者以中青年人为主,发病年龄多见于20~50岁,女性较男性多见,有家族聚集倾向,常与其他胃肠道功能紊乱性疾病如功能性消化不良并存伴发。按照大便的性状将IBS分为腹泻型、便秘型、混合型和不定型四种临床类型,其中以腹泻为主型多见。
类癌(carcinoid)是一种罕见的、生长缓慢的、能产生小分子多肽类或肽类激素的肿瘤,是胃肠道最常见的内分泌肿瘤,现已归属于神经内分泌肿瘤(neuroendocrine neoplasms,NENs)。类癌综合征主要采用生长抑素类似物(SSAs)控制症状。但是对于单独接受SSAs疗法无法充分控制病情的类癌综合征腹泻(CSD)成人患者,靶向类癌肿瘤细胞内的色氨酸羟化酶(TPH),抑制血清素(serotonin)的过量生产,能降低类癌综合征腹泻的频率,显著改变症状。
由化学疗法引起的恶心和呕吐(chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting,CINV),平均发生率高达90%。其可能使患者抵抗力越来越差,延缓病情的改善,对病人造成负面的结果。
术后恶心呕吐(postoperative nausea and vomiting,PONV)是患者手术后最常见症状,受手术类型、手术持续的时间、麻醉药物和方法及术前焦虑等多种因素的影响,绝大多数患者在术后24小时会发生PONV,呕吐前会出现明显恶心症状。术后恶心呕吐也是常见的术后并发症,据报道它的平均发生率为20%~30%,在高风险病人中甚至达70%。恶心呕吐除了带给患者严重的不适,也可能引起医疗方面的并发症,如伤口裂开、出血、吸人性肺炎、水电解质紊乱等。所以对PONV的防治方法日益受到人们的重视。
研究显示,调节5-HT 3受体对IBS、CSD、CINV和PONV均有治疗效果。 目前被批准用于治疗IBS的调节5羟色胺3受体活性的药物为5-HT 3受体拮抗剂,它是一种对5羟色胺3受体活性完全拮抗的药物,但是目前已经研究出来的药物还不能完全满足临床的需求。因此,制备出更多能够满足临床需求的、更有效、更安全的5-HT3受体调节剂是治疗包括IBS、CSD、CINV和PONV在内的多种疾病的关键。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种更有效、更安全的5-HT3受体调节剂。
本发明提供了式Ⅰ所示化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物:
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000001
其中,R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、-L 0-OH、-L 3-C(O)R 6、-L 4-CO(O)R 7、-L 5-(O)COR 8、-L 6-NHC(O)R 9、-L 1-C(O)NHR 10、-SO 2R 11、-L 2-CN、取代或未取代的烯基、取代或未取代的炔基、取代或未取代的烷基、取代或未取代的烷氧基、取代或未取代单杂环基、取代或未取代的单环烷烃基、取代或未取代的氮杂稠环烷基、取代或未取代的氮杂桥环烷基、取代或未取代的氮杂联环烷基、取代或未取代的氮杂螺环烷基、取代或未取代的稠环烷烃基、取代或未取代的桥环烷烃基、取代或未取代的联环烷烃基、取代或未取代的螺环烷烃基;
上述取代基各自独立地选自氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、-L 0-OH、-L 3-C(O)R 6、-L 4-CO(O)R 7、-L 5-(O)COR 8、-L 6-NHC(O)R 9、-L 1-C(O)NHR 10、-SO 2R 11、-L 2-CN、C 2~8烯基、C 2~8炔基、C 1~8烷基、C 1~8烷氧基;
其中,L 0、L 1、L 2、L 3、L 4、L 5、L 6各自独立地选自0~8个亚烷基,R 6、R 7、R 8、R 9、R 10、R 11各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、C 1~8烷基;
a选自1~3的整数,b选自1~4的整数。
进一步地,
R 2选自氘、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、-L 0-OH、-L 3-C(O)R 6、-L 4-CO(O)R 7、-L 5-(O)COR 8、-L 6-NHC(O)R 9、-L 1-C(O)NHR 10、-SO 2R 11、-L 2-CN、取代或未取代的C 2~8烯基、取代或未取代的C 2~8炔基、取代或未取代的C 1~8烷基、取代或未取代的C 1~8烷氧基、取代或未取代的3~10元单杂环基、取 代或未取代的3~10元单环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元氮杂稠环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元氮杂桥环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元氮杂联环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元氮杂螺环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元稠环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元桥环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元联环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元螺环烷烃基;
上述取代基、L 0、L 1、L 2、L 3、L 4、L 5、L 6、R 6、R 7、R 8、R 9、R 10、R 11如上所述;
R 1、R 3、R 4、a、b如上所述。
进一步地,所述化合物的结构如式II-1a所示:
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000002
其中,R 2选自氘、氰基或羟基;
R 5选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、-L 0-OH、-L 3-C(O)R 6、-L 4-CO(O)R 7、-L 5-(O)COR 8、-L 6-NHC(O)R 9、-L 1-C(O)NHR 10、-SO 2R 11、-L 2-CN、C 2~8烯基、C 2~8炔基、C 1~8烷基、C 1~8烷氧基;其中,L 0、L 1、L 2、L 3、L 4、L 5、L 6各自独立地选自0~8个亚烷基,R 6、R 7、R 8、R 9、R 10、R 11各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、C 1~8烷基;
c选自1~5的整数;
R 1、R 3、b如上所述。
进一步地,所述化合物的结构如式II-2a所示:
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000003
其中,R 2选自氘、氰基或羟基。
进一步地,R 2选自氢或卤素;
R 1选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、-L 0-OH、-L 3-C(O)R 6、-L 4-CO(O)R 7、-L 5-(O)COR 8、-L 6-NHC(O)R 9、-L 1-C(O)NHR 10、-SO 2R 11、-L 2-CN、取代或未取代的C 2~8烯基、取代或未取代的C 2~8炔基、取代或未取代的C 1~8烷氧基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和单杂环基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和单环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和氮杂稠环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和氮杂桥环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和氮杂联环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和氮杂螺环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和稠环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和桥环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和联环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和螺环烷烃基;
上述取代基各自独立地选自氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、-L 0-OH、-L 3-C(O)R 6、-L 4-CO(O)R 7、-L 5-(O)COR 8、-L 6-NHC(O)R 9、-L 1-C(O)NHR 10、-SO 2R 11、-L 2-CN、C 2~8烯基、C 2~8炔基、C 1~8烷基、C 1~8烷氧基;
其中,L 0、L 1、L 2、L 3、L 4、L 5、L 6各自独立地选自0~8个亚烷基,R 6、R 7、R 8、R 9、R 10、R 11各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、C 1~8烷基;
a、b、R 3、R 4如上所述。
进一步地,所述化合物的结构如式III-1所示:
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000004
其中,R 2选自氢或卤素;
R 5选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、-L 0-OH、-L 3-C(O)R 6、-L 4-CO(O)R 7、-L 5-(O)COR 8、-L 6-NHC(O)R 9、-L 1-C(O)NHR 10、-SO 2R 11、-L 2-CN、C 2~8烯基、C 2~8炔基、C 1~8烷基、C 1~8烷氧基;其中,L 0、L 1、L 2、L 3、L 4、L 5、L 6各自独立地选自0~8个亚烷基,R 6、R 7、R 8、R 9、R 10、R 11各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、C 1~8烷基;
c选自1~5的整数;
R 1、R 3、b如上所述。
进一步地,所述化合物的结构如式III-2所示:
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000005
其中,R 2选自卤素,优选为氟、氯或溴。
进一步地,所述药学上可接受的盐包括盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、甲磺酸盐、三氟甲磺酸盐、苯磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、1-萘磺酸盐、2-萘磺酸盐、乙酸盐、三氟乙酸盐、苹果酸盐、酒石酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乳酸盐、草酸盐、琥珀酸盐、富马酸盐、马来酸盐、苯甲酸盐、水杨酸盐、苯乙酸盐、扁桃酸盐。
本发明还提供了一种上述式II-2a或式III-2所示化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述方法为化合物9a与脱保护剂发生脱保护反应,脱去-PMB基团,即得到最终化合物;化合物9a的结构为
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000006
或,所述方法为化合物9先与取代试剂发生取代反应,将化合物9中的Br取代成除了Br以外的R 2,得到中间产物;然后该中间产物与脱保护剂发生脱保护反应,脱去-PMB基团,即得到最终化合物;化合物9的结构为
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000007
所述最终化合物为式II-2a或式III-2所示的化合物;
所述R 2选自氘、氰基、羟基或卤素,所述卤素优选为氟、氯或溴;
所述脱保护剂优选为三氟乙酸;取代试剂优选为氰化锌、8-羟基喹哪啶、氘气、N-氟代双苯磺酰胺或四甲基氯化铵。
化合物9a中,当R 2为Br时,即化合物9。
进一步地,所述化合物9a的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)化合物1b与化合物1a反应,得到化合物2b;
(2)化合物2b与亚硝酸钠反应,得到化合物3b;
(3)化合物3b与对甲氧基苄溴反应,得到化合物4b;
(4)化合物4b与甲氧基甲基三苯基氯化膦反应,得到化合物5b;
(5)化合物5b与盐酸反应,得到化合物6b;
(6)化合物6b与化合物7反应,得到化合物8b;
(7)化合物8b与K 2CO 3反应,得到化合物9a;
其中,化合物1b的结构为
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000008
化合物1a的结构为
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000009
化合物2b的结构为
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000010
化合物3b的结构为
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000011
化合物4b的结构为
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000012
化合物5b的结构为
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000013
化合物6b的结构为
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000014
化合物7的结构为
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000015
化合物8b的结构 为
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000016
R 2如上所述。
本发明还提供了上述化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物在制备5-HT3受体调节剂中的用途。
进一步地,所述5-HT3受体调节剂为5-HT3受体拮抗剂或5-HT3受体部分激动剂。
进一步地,所述5-HT3受体调节剂为治疗疾病的药物,所述疾病包括广泛性焦虑障碍、社交恐怖症、眩晕、强迫症、惊恐性障碍、创伤后精神紧张性障碍、神经性贪食症、药物戒断效应、酒精依赖、疼痛、睡眠相关的中枢性呼吸暂停、慢性疲劳综合征、中枢神经系统相关的疾病、帕金森病精神病、精神分裂症、精神分裂症中的认知减退和缺陷、帕金森病、亨廷顿氏舞蹈症、早老性痴呆、阿尔兹海默病、肥胖症、药物滥用障碍、神经退行性疾病相关的痴呆、认知缺损、纤维肌痛综合征、红斑痤疮、由5-羟色胺介导的心血管疾患、恶心、呕吐、胃肠疾患、胃食管反流病、伯基特淋巴瘤、支气管哮喘、瘙痒症、偏头痛以及癫痫、类癌综合征、肠易激综合征;所述恶心或呕吐优选为化学疗法引起的恶心或呕吐、手术后引起的恶心或呕吐、放射治疗引起的恶心或呕吐。
本发明还提供了一种药物组合物,它是以上述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物为活性成分,加上药学上可接受的辅料制备而成的制剂。
本发明还提供了一种联合用药物,它含有相同或不同规格单位制剂的用于同时或者分别给药的上述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物和治疗与5-HT3受体表达相关的疾病的药物,以及药学上可接受的载体。
进一步地,所述联合用药物是用于治疗精神分裂症的药物,所述治疗与5-HT3受体表达相关的疾病的药物选自丙戊酸盐、左美丙嗪、阿普唑仑、氟派啶醇、氯丙嗪、利哌利酮、帕潘立酮、奥氮平、齐拉西酮、喹硫平、氯氮平、碳酸锂、地西泮、卡马西平、选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂、三环抗抑郁药中的一种或多种;
或,所述联合用药物是用于治疗帕金森病的药物,所述治疗与5-HT3受体表达相关的疾病的药物选自透皮罗替戈汀、雷沙吉兰、沙芬酰胺、左旋多巴、卡比多巴、多巴胺激动剂、COMT抑制剂、MAO-B抑制剂、金刚烷胺、抗胆碱能药中的一种或多种;
或,所述联合用药物是用于治疗肠易激综合征的药物,所述治疗与5-HT3受体表达相关的疾病的药物选自第二5-羟色胺5-HT3受体调节剂或5-羟色胺5-HT4受体调节剂,其中所述第二5-羟色胺5-HT3受体调节剂或5-羟色胺5-HT4受体调节剂选自阿洛司琼、伦扎必利、西兰司琼、替加色罗、普卢卡必利、昂丹司琼、生长抑素类似物、毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂、缓泻药、镇痉药、抗抑郁药、止泻剂、促动力剂、外周阿片制剂麻醉药拮抗剂中的一种或多种;
或,所述联合用药物是用于治疗恶心或呕吐的药物,所述治疗与5-HT3受体表达相关的疾病的药物选自地塞米松、阿洛司琼、阿普唑仑、阿瑞吡坦、茶苯海明、苯海拉明、多拉司琼、四氢大麻酚、大麻隆、屈大麻酚、达哌啶醇、格拉司琼、氟派啶醇、劳拉西泮、甲氧氯普胺、咪达唑仑、奥氮平、昂丹司琼、帕洛诺司琼、丙氯拉嗪、普鲁米近、托烷司琼中的一种或多种。
本发明中,-PMB基团为对甲氧基苄基。
本发明中“取代”是指分子中的氢原子被其它不同的原子或基团所替换,包括该分子中相同或不同原子上的1个、2个或多个氢原子被替换。
C a~b是指所有含a~b个碳原子的基团或分子,比如“C 1~8烷基”包括含1~8个碳原子的所有支链或直链烷基。
通过实验证明,本发明制备的化合物对5-HT3受体具有很强的亲和力,作为5-HT3受体的调节剂具有很高的活性,可以用来制备治疗肠易激综合征、恶心、呕吐、肠胃炎、胃功能紊乱、腹泻、疼痛、类癌综合征以及药物成瘾等与5-HT3受体表达有关的疾病的药物,应用前景广阔。
显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
本发明所用原料和设备均为已知产品,通过购买市售产品所得。
实施例1、本发明(S)-3-溴-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物10)的制备
根据以下合成路线,制备化合物10:
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000017
步骤1、7-溴-1-H-吲哚-4-甲酸甲酯(化合物2)的制备
向装有化合物1(10.0g,38.5mmol)的四氢呋喃(100mL)溶液中,-40℃,氮气保护下滴加化合物1a(115mL,115mmol,1M四氢呋喃溶液)。滴毕,反应液-40℃反应1小时。反应液倒入饱和氯化铵水溶液中淬灭,所得混合液用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。合并乙酸乙酯层,用饱和盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干。残渣用正己烷打浆得纯品化合物2,3.9g,白色固体,40%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定: 1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6),11.73(s,1H),7.65-7.67(d,1H),7.60-7.62(dd,1H),7.07-7.08(d,1H),3.90(s,3H).MS(ESI)m/z:254.2(M+1) +.
步骤2、7-溴-3-甲酰基-1H-吲哚-4-甲酸甲酯(化合物3)的制备
向装有亚硝酸钠(12.7g,184mmol)的水(200mL)溶液中加入化合物2(3.90g,15.3mmol),反应液冰水浴冷却至-5℃。向反应液中缓慢滴加HCl水溶液(30.7mL,184mmol,6M)。滴毕,反应液-5℃反应1小时然后升至室温搅拌过夜。反应液用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。合并乙酸乙酯层,用饱和盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干。残渣用石油醚/乙酸乙酯打浆得纯品化合物3,1.84g,浅黄色固体,42%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定:MS(ESI)m/z:283.0(M+1) +
步骤3、7-溴-3-甲酰基-1-(4-甲氧基苄基)-1H-吲哚-4-甲酸甲酯(化合物4)的制备
向装有化合物3(1.84g,6.50mmol)的DMF(20mL)溶液中加入对 甲氧基苄溴(1.44g,7.15mmol)和碳酸铯(2.54g,7.80mmol)。反应液室温搅拌过夜。反应液倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。合并乙酸乙酯层,用水和饱和盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干。残渣硅胶柱纯化得纯品化合物4,2.12g,浅黄色固体,81%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定: 1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl 3),10.86(s,1H),7.95-7.97(d,1H),7.66-7.68(d,1H),9.39-7.44(m,2H),6.83-6.86(d,2H),6.11(s,2H),3.98(s,3H),3.78(s,3H).
步骤4、7-溴-1-(4-甲氧基苄基)-3-(2-甲氧乙烯基)-1H-吲哚-4-甲酸甲酯(化合物5)的制备
向装有化合物4(2.12g,5.26mmol)和甲氧基甲基三苯基氯化膦(1.98g,5.78mmol)的四氢呋喃(20mL)混悬液中,0℃下分批加入叔丁醇钾(708mg,6.31mmol)。加毕,反应液升至室温搅拌1小时。反应液倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。合并乙酸乙酯层,用水和饱和盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干得粗品化合物5,未进一步纯化直接用于下一步。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定:MS(ESI)m/z:431.2(M+1) +
步骤5、7-溴-1-(4-甲氧基苄基)-3-(2-氧代乙基)-1H-吲哚-4-甲酸甲酯(化合物6)的制备
向装有化合物5(粗品,以理论量计5.26mmol)的四氢呋喃(20mL)溶液中加入HCl水溶液(4.4mL,26.3mmol,6M)。反应液加热至60℃反应2小时。反应液倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。合并乙酸乙酯层,用饱和盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干。残渣用甲基叔丁基醚打浆得纯品化合物6,1.03g,浅黄色固体,47%收率两步。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定: 1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl 3),9.57(s,1H),7.74-7.76(d,1H),7.58-7.60(d,1H),7.09-7.11(m,2H),6.84-6.86(d,2H),5.69(s,2H),4.38(s,3H),3.89(s,3H),3.79(s,3H).
步骤6、7-溴-1-(4-甲氧基苄基)-3-(2-(奎宁环-3-基)乙基)-1H-吲哚-4-甲酸甲酯(化合物8)的制备
向装有化合物6(1.03g,2.47mmol)的二氯甲烷(20mL)溶液中加入7(737mg,3.70mmol)和冰乙酸(741mg,12.35mmol)。反应液室温搅拌6小时。然后向反应液中加入氰基硼氢化钠(466mg,7.41mmol),反应液室温搅拌过夜。反应液倒入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液中,用二氯甲烷萃取两次。合并二氯甲烷层,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干。残渣硅胶柱纯化得纯品化合物8,488mg,浅黄色固体,37%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定:MS(ESI)m/z:527.2(M+1) +
步骤7、(S)-3-溴-2(4-甲氧基苄基)-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物9)的制备
向装有化合物8(488mg,0.925mmol)的甲醇(10mL)溶液中加入碳酸钾(256mg,1.85mmol)。反应液加热至60℃反应8小时。反应液取出冷却,倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。合并乙酸乙酯层,用水和饱和盐水洗 涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干。残渣硅胶柱纯化得纯品化合物9,372mg,浅黄色固体,81%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定:MS(ESI)m/z:495.2(M+1) +
步骤8、(S)-3-溴-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物10)的制备
向装有化合物9(100mg,0.202mmol)的苯甲醚(0.5mL)混悬液中加入三氟乙酸(0.5mL)。反应液加热至80℃反应18小时。反应液取出冷却,旋干。向残渣中加入HCl水溶液(5mL),用甲基叔丁基醚洗两次,水层用浓氢氧化钠水溶液调碱至pH 12。所得混悬液搅拌1小时,抽滤,水洗,滤饼收集旋干得纯品化合物10,62mg,浅黄色固体,82%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定: 1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6),13.48(br,1H),7.66-7.77(m,2H),4.49(br,1H),4.11(br,1H),3.77(br,1H),3.15-3.16(m,2H),2.90-3.04(m,3H),2.55-2.77(m,3H),1.99(s,1H),1.43-1.68(m,3H),1.43(m,1H).MS(ESI)m/z:375.2(M+1) +
实施例2、本发明(S)-3-氰基-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物11)的制备
根据以下合成路线,制备化合物11:
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000018
步骤1、(S)-3-氰基-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物11a)的制备
向装有化合物9(100mg,0.202mmol)的DMF(2mL)溶液中加入氰化锌(47mg,0.40mmol)和四(三苯基膦)钯(30mg),反应液氮气置换,加热至100℃反应过夜。反应液取出冷却,倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。合并乙酸乙酯层,用水和饱和盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干。残渣硅胶柱纯化得纯品化合物11a,72mg,浅黄色固体,81%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定:MS(ESI)m/z:442.2(M+1) +
步骤2、(S)-3-溴-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物11)的制备
向装有化合物11a(72mg,0.163mmol)的苯甲醚(0.5mL)混悬液中加入三氟乙酸(0.5mL)。反应液加热至80℃反应18小时。反应液取出冷却,旋干。向残渣中加入HCl水溶液(5mL),用甲基叔丁基醚洗两次,水层用 浓氢氧化钠水溶液调碱至pH 12。所得混悬液搅拌1小时,抽滤,水洗,滤饼收集旋干得纯品化合物11,40mg,浅黄色固体,76%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定: 1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6),13.99(br,1H),8.01-8.37(d,1H),7.81-7.83(d,1H),4.49(br,1H),4.13(br,1H),3.79(br,1H),3.15-3.16(m,2H),2.90-3.04(m,3H),2.55-2.77(m,3H),1.99(s,1H),1.43-1.68(m,3H),1.43(m,1H).MS(ESI)m/z:322.2(M+1) +
实施例3、本发明(S)-3-羟基-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物12)的制备
根据以下合成路线,制备化合物12:
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000019
步骤1、(S)-3-羟基-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物12a)的制备
向装有化合物9(100mg,0.202mmol)的水(1.5mL)和DMSO(1mL)溶液中加入四丁基氢氧化铵(157mg,0.606mmol),8-羟基喹哪啶(13mg,0.082mmol)和碘化亚铜(8mg,0.042mmol),反应液氮气置换,加热至100℃反应过夜。反应液取出冷却,倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。合并乙酸乙酯层,用水和饱和盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干。残渣硅胶柱纯化得纯品化合物12a,53mg,浅黄色固体,61%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定:MS(ESI)m/z:451.2(M+18) +
步骤2、(S)-3-羟基-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物12)的制备
向装有化合物12a(53mg,0.123mmol)的苯甲醚(0.5mL)混悬液中加入三氟乙酸(0.5mL)。反应液加热至80℃反应18小时。反应液取出冷却,旋干。向残渣中加入HCl水溶液(5mL),用甲基叔丁基醚洗两次,水层用浓氢氧化钠水溶液调碱至pH 12,再用硫酸氢钾水溶液调酸至pH 6,所得混悬液搅拌1小时,抽滤,水洗,滤饼收集旋干得纯品化合物12,22mg,浅黄色固体,57%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定:MS(ESI)m/z:313.2(M+1) +
实施例4、本发明(S)-3-氘-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物13)的制备
根据以下合成路线,制备化合物13:
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000020
步骤1、(S)-3-氘-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物13a)的制备
向装有化合物9(100mg,0.202mmol)和四氢呋喃(5mL)溶液中加入三乙胺(61mg,0.606mmol),反应液氘气置换,在氘气(气球)下搅拌过夜。反应液抽滤,四氢呋喃洗涤,滤液旋干。残渣硅胶柱纯化得纯品化合物13a,70mg,浅黄色固体,83%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定:MS(ESI)m/z:418.2(M+1) +
步骤2、(S)-3-氘-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物13)的制备
向装有化合物13a(70mg,0.168mmol)的苯甲醚(0.5mL)混悬液中加入三氟乙酸(0.5mL)。反应液加热至80℃反应18小时。反应液取出冷却,旋干。向残渣中加入HCl水溶液(5mL),用甲基叔丁基醚洗两次,水层用浓氢氧化钠水溶液调碱至pH 12,所得混悬液搅拌1小时,抽滤,水洗,滤饼收集旋干得纯品化合物13,42mg,浅黄色固体,84%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定:MS(ESI)m/z:298.2(M+1) +
实施例5、本发明(S)-3-氟-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物14)的制备
根据以下合成路线,制备化合物14:
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000021
步骤1、(S)-3-氟-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物14a)的制备
向装有化合物9(100mg,0.202mmol)的四氢呋喃(1mL)溶液中,0℃下滴加异丙基氯化镁氯化锂络合物(0.23mL,0.30mmol,1.3M四氢呋喃溶液)。滴毕,反应液0℃下搅拌1小时。反应液升至室温,减压浓缩干。加入二氯甲烷(1mL),氮气置换,冷却至-70℃,向反应液中滴加N-氟代双苯磺酰胺(95mg,0.30mmol)的全氟萘烷(0.5mL)和二氯甲烷(1mL)溶液。滴毕,反应液0℃下搅拌30分钟然后室温搅拌2小时。反应液倒入饱和氯化铵水溶液中淬灭,用二氯甲烷萃取两次。合并二氯甲烷层,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干。残渣硅胶柱纯化得纯品化合物14a,45mg,浅黄色固体,51%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定:MS(ESI)m/z:435.2(M+1) +
步骤2、(S)-3-氟-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物14)的制备
向装有化合物14a(45mg,0.104mmol)的苯甲醚(0.5mL)混悬液中加入三氟乙酸(0.5mL)。反应液加热至80℃反应18小时。反应液取出冷却,旋干。向残渣中加入HCl水溶液(4mL),用甲基叔丁基醚洗两次,水层用浓氢氧化钠水溶液调碱至pH 12,所得混悬液搅拌1小时,抽滤,水洗,滤饼收集旋干得纯品化合物14,26mg,浅黄色固体,80%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定:MS(ESI)m/z:315.4(M+1) +
实施例6、本发明(S)-3-氯-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物15)的制备
根据以下合成路线,制备化合物15:
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000022
步骤1、(S)-3-氯-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物15a)的制备
向封管中加入化合物9(100mg,0.202mmol),乙醇(1.5mL),四甲基氯化铵(66mg,0.606mmol),L-脯氨酸(9.2mg,0.08mmol)和氧化亚铜(5.7mg,0.04mmol),反应液氮气置换,密封,加热至110℃搅拌20小时。反应液冷却,倒入水溶液中,用乙酸乙酯萃取两次。合并乙酸乙酯层,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干。残渣硅胶柱纯化得纯品化合物15a,81mg,浅黄色固体,89%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定:MS(ESI)m/z:451.3(M+1) +
步骤2、(S)-3-氯-7-(奎宁环-3-基)-2,7,,8,9-四氢-6H-氮杂卓并[5,4,3-cd]吲唑-6-酮(化合物15)的制备
向装有化合物15a(81mg,0.18mmol)的苯甲醚(0.5mL)混悬液中加入三氟乙酸(0.5mL)。反应液加热至80℃反应18小时。反应液取出冷却,旋干。向残渣中加入HCl水溶液(5mL),用甲基叔丁基醚洗两次,水层用浓氢氧化钠水溶液调碱至pH 12,所得混悬液搅拌1小时,抽滤,水洗,滤饼收集旋干得纯品化合物15,52mg,浅黄色固体,87%收率。
对制得的化合物进行结构鉴定: 1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6),13.57(br,1H),7.46-7.66(d,1H),7.57-7.59(d,1H),4.49(br,1H),4.13(br,1H),3.79(br,1H),3.15-3.16(m,2H),2.90-3.04(m,3H),2.55-2.77(m,3H),1.99(s,1H),1.43-1.68(m,3H),1.43(m,1H).MS(ESI)m/z:331.2(M+1) +
以下通过实验例来说明本发明的有益效果。
实验例1、本发明化合物对人5-HT3受体的亲和力评价
1、实验方法:
使用闪烁亲近测定(SPA)方法,测试化合物对人5-HT3受体的相对亲和力。具体操作如下:将受试化合物用100%DMSO稀释至10mM,然后在96孔板中用100%DMSO以10×测定浓度梯度稀释,并进一步用测定缓冲液稀释至4×测定浓度。将样品与终体积为0.2mL的10nM[9-甲基-3H]BRL-43694、3μg的人5-HT3受体膜和0.5mg/mL SPA珠在50mM Tris-HCl,pH 7.5、3mM MgCl2、1mMEDTA和10%DMSO中孵育。通过连续地添加50μL的竞争受试化合物或缓冲液、SPA珠、放射性配体和5-HT3受体膜,将结合反应设置在PicoPlates-96的孔中。室温搅拌过夜孵育后,以1500rpm离心15分钟,然后避光孵育30分钟。最后在TopCount微板计数器中读取5分钟放射活性。总结合对照只含有上述用来稀释待测化合物的缓冲液,非特异性结合是在30μM MDL-72222存在的情况下确定的,特异性结合为总结合对照减去非特异性结合。所有实验均采用十个竞争配体浓度,复孔测试。以ALB-137391作为阳性对照。
ALB-137391为5-HT3受体部分激动剂,由美国AMRI公司提供,生产批号为:1631-B-R0-01-43-01,结构如下:
Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-000023
2、实验数据及分析:
使用来自IDBS Ltd的XLfit4.1曲线拟合软件由特异性结合数据确定半抑制浓度IC 50值。
抑制常数Ki=IC 50/(1+(L/KD)),其中L=在测定中放射性配体的浓度,KD=放射性配体对受体的亲和力。
3、实验结果:
受试本发明化合物和阳性对照ALB-137391对人5-HT3受体的亲和力和IC 50结果如下表所示。
表1 各化合物对人5-HT3受体的亲和力测试结果
化合物 IC 50(nmol) Ki(nmol)
10 34.24 6.20
11 359.4 65.11
12 13.99 2.53
13 3.315 0.60
14 73.98 13.40
15 47.06 8.53
ALB-137391 4.478 0.81
可以看出,本发明化合物对人5-HT3受体具有很强的亲和力(特别是化合物10、12、13、14、15),作为5-HT3受体调节剂具有很高的活性。此外,本发明化合物13对5-HT3受体的亲和力以及抑制作用甚至优于阳性对照ALB-137391。
综上,本发明提供了一种式I所示的化合物及其制备方法,该化合物能够用作5-HT3受体调节剂。实验证明,本发明制备的化合物对5-HT3受体具有很强的亲和力,作为5-HT3受体的调节剂具有很高的活性,可以用来制备治疗肠易激综合征、恶心、呕吐、肠胃炎、胃功能紊乱、腹泻、疼痛、类癌综合征、以及药物成瘾等疾病的药物,应用前景广阔。

Claims (16)

  1. 式Ⅰ所示化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物:
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100001
    其中,R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、-L 0-OH、-L 3-C(O)R 6、-L 4-CO(O)R 7、-L 5-(O)COR 8、-L 6-NHC(O)R 9、-L 1-C(O)NHR 10、-SO 2R 11、-L 2-CN、取代或未取代的烯基、取代或未取代的炔基、取代或未取代的烷基、取代或未取代的烷氧基、取代或未取代单杂环基、取代或未取代的单环烷烃基、取代或未取代的氮杂稠环烷基、取代或未取代的氮杂桥环烷基、取代或未取代的氮杂联环烷基、取代或未取代的氮杂螺环烷基、取代或未取代的稠环烷烃基、取代或未取代的桥环烷烃基、取代或未取代的联环烷烃基、取代或未取代的螺环烷烃基;
    上述取代基各自独立地选自氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、-L 0-OH、-L 3-C(O)R 6、-L 4-CO(O)R 7、-L 5-(O)COR 8、-L 6-NHC(O)R 9、-L 1-C(O)NHR 10、-SO 2R 11、-L 2-CN、C 2~8烯基、C 2~8炔基、C 1~8烷基、C 1~8烷氧基;
    其中,L 0、L 1、L 2、L 3、L 4、L 5、L 6各自独立地选自0~8个亚烷基,R 6、R 7、R 8、R 9、R 10、R 11各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、C 1~8烷基;
    a选自1~3的整数,b选自1~4的整数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物,其特征在于:
    R 2选自氘、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、-L 0-OH、-L 3-C(O)R 6、-L 4-CO(O)R 7、-L 5-(O)COR 8、-L 6-NHC(O)R 9、-L 1-C(O)NHR 10、-SO 2R 11、-L 2-CN、取代或未取代的C 2~8烯基、取代或未取代的C 2~8炔基、取代或未取代的C 1~8烷基、取代或未取代的C 1~8烷氧基、取代或未取代的3~10元单杂环基、取代或未取代的3~10元单环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元氮杂稠环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元氮杂桥环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元氮杂联环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元氮杂螺环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元稠环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元桥环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元联环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元螺环烷烃基;
    上述取代基、L 0、L 1、L 2、L 3、L 4、L 5、L 6、R 6、R 7、R 8、R 9、R 10、R 11如权利要求1所述;
    R 1、R 3、R 4、a、b如权利要求1所述。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2任一项所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物,其特征在于:
    所述化合物的结构如式II-1a所示:
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100002
    其中,R 2选自氘、氰基或羟基;
    R 5选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、-L 0-OH、-L 3-C(O)R 6、-L 4-CO(O)R 7、-L 5-(O)COR 8、-L 6-NHC(O)R 9、-L 1-C(O)NHR 10、-SO 2R 11、-L 2-CN、C 2~8烯基、C 2~8炔基、C 1~8烷基、C 1~8烷氧基;其中,L 0、L 1、L 2、L 3、L 4、L 5、L 6各自独立地选自0~8个亚烷基,R 6、R 7、R 8、R 9、R 10、R 11各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、C 1~8烷基;
    c选自1~5的整数;
    R 1、R 3、b如权利要求1所述。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物,其特征在于:所述化合物的结构如式II-2a所示:
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100003
    其中,R 2选自氘、氰基或羟基。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物,其特征在于:
    R 2选自氢或卤素;
    R 1选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、-L 0-OH、-L 3-C(O)R 6、-L 4-CO(O)R 7、-L 5-(O)COR 8、-L 6-NHC(O)R 9、-L 1-C(O)NHR 10、-SO 2R 11、-L 2-CN、取代或未取代的C 2~8烯基、取代或未取代的C 2~8炔基、取代或未取代的C 1~8烷氧基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和单杂环基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和单环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和氮杂稠环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和氮杂桥环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和氮杂联环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和氮杂螺环烷基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和稠环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和桥环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和联环烷烃基、取代或未取代的3~10元饱和螺环烷烃基;
    上述取代基各自独立地选自氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、-L 0-OH、-L 3-C(O)R 6、-L 4-CO(O)R 7、-L 5-(O)COR 8、-L 6-NHC(O)R 9、-L 1-C(O)NHR 10、-SO 2R 11、-L 2-CN、C 2~8烯基、C 2~8炔基、C 1~8烷基、C 1~8烷氧基;
    其中,L 0、L 1、L 2、L 3、L 4、L 5、L 6各自独立地选自0~8个亚烷基,R 6、R 7、R 8、R 9、R 10、R 11各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、C 1~8烷基;
    a、b、R 3、R 4如权利要求1所述。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物,其特征在于:所述化合物的结构如式III-1所示:
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100004
    其中,R 2选自氢或卤素;
    R 5选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、-L 0-OH、-L 3-C(O)R 6、-L 4-CO(O)R 7、-L 5-(O)COR 8、-L 6-NHC(O)R 9、-L 1-C(O)NHR 10、-SO 2R 11、-L 2-CN、C 2~8烯基、C 2~8炔基、C 1~8烷基、C 1~8烷氧基;其中,L 0、L 1、L 2、L 3、L 4、L 5、L 6各自独立地选自0~8个亚烷基,R 6、R 7、R 8、R 9、R 10、R 11各自独立地选自氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羟基、羧基、硝基、氨基、C 1~8烷基;
    c选自1~5的整数;
    R 1、R 3、b如权利要求5所述。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物,其特征在于:所述化合物 的结构如式III-2所示:
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100005
    其中,R 2选自卤素,优选为氟、氯或溴。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物,其特征在于:所述药学上可接受的盐包括盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、甲磺酸盐、三氟甲磺酸盐、苯磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、1-萘磺酸盐、2-萘磺酸盐、乙酸盐、三氟乙酸盐、苹果酸盐、酒石酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乳酸盐、草酸盐、琥珀酸盐、富马酸盐、马来酸盐、苯甲酸盐、水杨酸盐、苯乙酸盐、扁桃酸盐。
  9. 一种权利要求4或7所述化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述方法为化合物9a与脱保护剂发生脱保护反应,脱去-PMB基团,即得到最终化合物;化合物9a的结构为
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100006
    或,所述方法为化合物9先与取代试剂发生取代反应,将化合物9中的Br取代成除了Br以外的R 2,得到中间产物;然后该中间产物与脱保护剂发生脱保护反应,脱去-PMB基团,即得到最终化合物;化合物9的结构为
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100007
    所述最终化合物为权利要求4或7所述的化合物;
    所述R 2选自氘、氰基、羟基或卤素,所述卤素优选为氟、氯或溴;
    所述脱保护剂优选为三氟乙酸;取代试剂优选为氰化锌、8-羟基喹哪啶、氘气、N-氟代双苯磺酰胺或四甲基氯化铵。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于:所述化合物9a的制备方法包括以下步骤:
    (1)化合物1b与化合物1a反应,得到化合物2b;
    (2)化合物2b与亚硝酸钠反应,得到化合物3b;
    (3)化合物3b与对甲氧基苄溴反应,得到化合物4b;
    (4)化合物4b与甲氧基甲基三苯基氯化膦反应,得到化合物5b;
    (5)化合物5b与盐酸反应,得到化合物6b;
    (6)化合物6b与化合物7反应,得到化合物8b;
    (7)化合物8b与K 2CO 3反应,得到化合物9a;
    其中,化合物1b的结构为
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100008
    化合物1a的结构为
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100009
    化合物2b的结构为
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100010
    化合物3b的结构为
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100011
    化合物4b的结构为
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100012
    化合物5b的结构为
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100013
    化合物6b的结构为
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100014
    化合物7的结构为
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100015
    化合物8b的结构 为
    Figure PCTCN2020085775-appb-100016
    R 2如权利要求9所述。
  11. 权利要求1~8任一项所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物在制备5-HT3受体调节剂中的用途。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的用途,其特征在于:所述5-HT3受体调节剂为5-HT3受体拮抗剂或5-HT3受体部分激动剂。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的用途,其特征在于:所述5-HT3受体调节剂为治疗疾病的药物,所述疾病包括广泛性焦虑障碍、社交恐怖症、眩晕、强迫症、惊恐性障碍、创伤后精神紧张性障碍、神经性贪食症、药物戒断效应、酒精依赖、疼痛、睡眠相关的中枢性呼吸暂停、慢性疲劳综合征、中枢神经系统相关的疾病、帕金森病精神病、精神分裂症、精神分裂症中的认知减退和缺陷、帕金森病、亨廷顿氏舞蹈症、早老性痴呆、阿尔兹海默病、肥胖症、药物滥用障碍、神经退行性疾病相关的痴呆、认知缺损、纤维肌痛综合征、红斑痤疮、由5-羟色胺介导的心血管疾患、恶心、呕吐、胃肠疾患、胃食管反流病、伯基特淋巴瘤、支气管哮喘、瘙痒症、偏头痛以及癫痫、类癌综合征、肠易激综合征;所述恶心或呕吐优选为化学疗法引起的恶心或呕吐、手术后引起的恶心或呕吐、放射治疗引起的恶心或呕吐。
  14. 一种药物组合物,其特征在于:它是以权利要求1~8任一项所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物为活性成分,加上药学上可接受的辅料制备而成的制剂。
  15. 一种联合用药物,其特征在于:它含有相同或不同规格单位制剂的用于同时或者分别给药的权利要求1~8任一项所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其前药、其溶剂合物或其水合物和治疗与5-HT3受体表达相关的疾病的药物,以及药学上可接受的载体。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的联合用药物,其特征在于:所述联合用药物是用于治疗精神分裂症的药物,所述治疗与5-HT3受体表达相关的疾病的药物选自丙戊酸盐、左美丙嗪、阿普唑仑、氟派啶醇、氯丙嗪、利哌利酮、帕潘立酮、奥氮平、齐拉西酮、喹硫平、氯氮平、碳酸锂、地西泮、卡马西平、选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂、三环抗抑郁药中的一种或多种;
    或,所述联合用药物是用于治疗帕金森病的药物,所述治疗与5-HT3受体表达相关的疾病的药物选自透皮罗替戈汀、雷沙吉兰、沙芬酰胺、左旋多巴、卡比多巴、多巴胺激动剂、COMT抑制剂、MAO-B抑制剂、金刚烷胺、抗胆碱能药中的一种或多种;
    或,所述联合用药物是用于治疗肠易激综合征的药物,所述治疗与5-HT3受体表达相关的疾病的药物选自第二5-羟色胺5-HT3受体调节剂或5-羟色胺5-HT4受体调节剂,其中所述第二5-羟色胺5-HT3受体调节剂或5-羟色胺5-HT4受体调节剂选自阿洛司琼、伦扎必利、西兰司琼、替加色罗、普卢卡必利、昂丹司琼、生长抑素类似物、毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂、缓泻药、镇痉药、抗抑郁药、止泻剂、促动力剂、外周阿片制剂麻醉药拮抗剂中的一种或多种;
    或,所述联合用药物是用于治疗恶心或呕吐的药物,所述治疗与5-HT3受体表达相关的疾病的药物选自地塞米松、阿洛司琼、阿普唑仑、阿瑞吡坦、茶苯海明、苯海拉明、多拉司琼、四氢大麻酚、大麻隆、屈大麻酚、达哌啶醇、格拉司琼、氟派啶醇、劳拉西泮、甲氧氯普胺、咪达唑仑、奥氮平、昂丹司琼、帕洛诺司琼、丙氯拉嗪、普鲁米近、托烷司琼中的一种或多种。
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