WO2020215631A1 - 一种挂钩式牙根尖定位仪 - Google Patents

一种挂钩式牙根尖定位仪 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020215631A1
WO2020215631A1 PCT/CN2019/112368 CN2019112368W WO2020215631A1 WO 2020215631 A1 WO2020215631 A1 WO 2020215631A1 CN 2019112368 W CN2019112368 W CN 2019112368W WO 2020215631 A1 WO2020215631 A1 WO 2020215631A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hook
housing
file
apex locator
display mechanism
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PCT/CN2019/112368
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王宏灿
陶欢
张立宇
姜凯
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常州赛乐医疗技术有限公司
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Application filed by 常州赛乐医疗技术有限公司 filed Critical 常州赛乐医疗技术有限公司
Publication of WO2020215631A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020215631A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C19/00—Dental auxiliary appliances
    • A61C19/04—Measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a root canal treatment preparation equipment, in particular to a hook type root apex positioning instrument.
  • Root canal treatment also known as endodontic treatment, is an operation in dentistry to treat pulp necrosis and root infection. Its steps include root canal preparation, root canal disinfection, and root canal filling.
  • the requirement for root canal preparation is that the end point of the root apex after preparation ends at the dentinal bone boundary (1mm from the root apex). This is the junction between the pulp tissue and the periapical tissue. If the file exceeds this position, it will Causes trauma and inflammation to periapical components. Therefore, it is very important to accurately measure the working length of the root canal before root canal preparation.
  • the apex locator is a precision electronic instrument used to measure the working length of the root canal. It uses the principle that the impedance of the gingival sulcus-oral mucosa is equal to the impedance of the periodontal membrane-oral mask to measure the position of the root apex.
  • the existing root apex locator includes a body 11, a data cable 12, a hook 13 and a file 14, one end of the data cable 12 is connected to the body 11, and the other end is connected to the hook 13 and the file 14, respectively.
  • the length of the data cable 12 is 1.5m.
  • the body 11 is placed on the work platform 15, the hook 13 is hung on the lips, the file needle 14 is inserted into the root canal, and a closed connection is formed between the hook 13, the file needle 14 and the oral cavity.
  • the circuit when the file needle 14 is continuously inserted, the resistance value of the closed circuit is constantly changing. In actual operation, the area where the body is placed is far away from the operation area. The operator needs to continuously rotate the body or head during the operation. Checking the data information on the display of the main body will cause inconvenience to the operator. Moreover, the data cable is long and the space span is large, which is prone to accidents. For example, if the operator is easy to pull the data cable, the main body may be pulled off, or it may be pulled off. To the hook and file and hurt the patient.
  • the invention provides a hook type tooth apex locator with simple structure and compactness, which can be operated and observed at the same time.
  • the hook type apex locator includes a housing, a hook fixedly installed at one end of the housing, a file connected to the other end of the housing through a data cable, and a file provided on the housing
  • the hook is hung on the lips, and the shell is directly hung below the hook.
  • the surface of the shell is provided with a display mechanism that displays the length of the root tip. The display mechanism, the hook and the file are all electrically connected to the control panel.
  • one end of the data cable is connected with the control panel, and the other end is connected with a file clamp, and the file clamp clamps a file needle.
  • a buzzer is installed in the shell, and the buzzer is electrically connected to the control panel.
  • the display mechanism is a digital display screen.
  • the display mechanism is a row of LED light bars, the LED light bars are arranged in parallel on the housing, and the edge of each LED light bar is provided with a value indicating the depth.
  • the display mechanism is a row of ring-shaped lamp posts, the ring-shaped lamp posts are arranged on the housing in rows, and the edge of each ring-shaped lamp post is provided with a value indicating the depth.
  • the hook type apex locator also includes an extension cord, one end of the extension cord is fixedly connected with the hook, and the other end of the extension cord is fixedly connected with the housing, so as to increase the flexibility of the hook.
  • the hook of the apex locator of the present invention is fixedly arranged at one end of the shell.
  • the shell is directly hung below the hook, that is, set at the position of the patient's chin, which is convenient for the operator While operating, you can view the data information displayed by the display mechanism instantly; and the length of the data cable is shortened, the overall working environment is more concise, the installation and use of the equipment are more convenient, and the occurrence of accidents is largely avoided.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing root apex locator.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hook type apex locator of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control mode of the hook type apex locator of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hook type root apex locator of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the hook type apex locator of the present invention includes a housing 1, a hook 2 fixedly installed at one end of the housing 1, a file 4 connected to the other end of the housing 1 through a data cable 5, and a file 4 arranged on the housing
  • the control panel in the body 1 (not shown in the figure), the hook 2 is hung on the lips, the shell 1 is hung directly under the hook 2, and the surface of the shell 1 is provided with a display mechanism 6 that displays the length of the root tip.
  • Both the hook 2 and the file needle 4 are electrically connected to the control panel.
  • One end of the data cable 5 is connected with the control panel, and the other end is connected with a file clamp 3, which clamps the file needle 4, which facilitates the continuous replacement of the file needle 4 and avoids bacterial infection.
  • a buzzer is installed in the housing 1, and the buzzer is electrically connected to the control panel. When the buzzer emits a sound, it reminds the operator to stop the insertion of the file needle and avoid trauma and inflammation to the periapical components.
  • the above-mentioned display mechanism 6 is a digital display, which directly displays the insertion depth of the file needle on the display in a digital manner.
  • the display mechanism 6 can also be a row of LED light bars.
  • the LED light bars are arranged in parallel on the housing 1, and the edge of each LED light bar is provided with a value indicating the depth, and the value is gradually increased from bottom to top or from top to bottom. Increase, with the continuous insertion of the file needle, the LED light strips light up one by one, and the value of the edge of the last lit LED light bar is the depth of the file needle insertion at this time; of course, the LED light bar row can also be replaced by a ring lamp post.
  • the ring-shaped lamp posts are arranged on the housing 1 in rows, and the edge of each ring-shaped lamp post is provided with a value indicating the depth. The principle is the same as the above-mentioned LED lamp row.
  • the file holder 3 is provided with a displacement sensor (not shown in the figure) for detecting the insertion depth of the file needle.
  • the displacement sensor is electrically connected to the control panel, and the control panel transmits the information collected by the displacement sensor to the display mechanism. The information is reflected on the display mechanism to facilitate the operator to understand the operating status.
  • the above-mentioned control panel is provided with a resistance measurement module, a transmission module, and an analysis module.
  • the resistance measurement module is electrically connected with the hook and the file pin to measure the resistance value of the closed circuit.
  • the transmission module is used to transmit the measured resistance value to the analysis module.
  • the module is also used to transmit the sensor information to the display mechanism.
  • the analysis module is connected with the buzzer to compare the resistance value with the preset resistance value. When the file tip reaches the apical area, the signal is transmitted Give the buzzer a sound to remind the operator to stop inserting the file needle. At this time, the value realized on the display screen is the root tip length.
  • root canal measurement uses the principle of impedance, that is, the resistance value between human periodontal ligament and oral mucosa discovered by Sunada in 1958 is constant, about 6.5k ohms, and is used to measure the working length of the root canal.
  • Send an 8K high-frequency signal and a 400Hz low-frequency signal at the test terminal and obtain the impedance corresponding to these two frequencies respectively, and then check a known measurement result correspondence table according to the magnitude of the impedance at these two frequencies.
  • the measurement result is thus obtained; that is, the file needle alternately sends out two current signals of different frequencies in the root canal of the tooth, an 8K high frequency excitation signal and a 400Hz low frequency excitation signal, the high frequency excitation signal and the low frequency excitation signal are filtered by the band pass filter
  • the control panel measures the ratio of the resistance of the two currents through the root canal (the ratio is not affected by the electrolyte in the root canal), and uses an AC/DC converter circuit to convert the 8K high frequency excitation signal and a 400Hz low frequency
  • the equivalent resistance is measured by the impedance when the excitation signal flows, and the measured AC analog signal is converted into a digital signal that can be recognized by the analysis module using the A/D conversion circuit.
  • the analysis module determines the file tip by analyzing and comparing the ratio of the above resistance values.
  • the position in the root canal is measured by the ratio of the measured equivalent resistance to 6.5k ohms, and the relative position of the file tip in the root canal can be obtained.
  • the value of the file tip in the root canal at this time is transmitted to the display mechanism , So that the operator can check the position of the tip of the file in the root canal at this time.
  • the buzzer will sound an alarm.
  • the value displayed on the display is the length of the apex.
  • the hook of the apex locator of the present invention is fixedly arranged at one end of the shell. During operation, when the hook is hung on the lips, the shell is directly hung under the hook, that is, set at the position of the patient's chin, which is convenient for the operator to view and display immediately while operating Data information displayed by the organization.
  • the hook type apex locator of this embodiment further includes an extension cord 7. As shown in FIG. 4, one end of the extension cord 7 is fixedly connected to the tail end of the hook 2, and the other end of the extension cord 7 It is fixedly connected with the top of the housing 1 to increase the flexibility of the hook 2; it is connected by an extension cord 7, which can avoid direct contact between the instrument and the patient, and can appropriately extend the length of the data cord 5 to facilitate operation.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

一种挂钩式牙根尖定位仪，其包括壳体（1），固定安装在壳体（1）一端的挂钩（2），通过数据线（5）连接在壳体（1）另一端的锉针（4），以及设置于壳体（1）内的控制面板。挂钩（2）悬挂于嘴唇上，壳体（1）直接悬挂于挂钩（2）下方。壳体（1）表面设置有显示牙根尖长度的显示机构（6）。显示机构（6）、挂钩（2）、锉针（4）均与控制面板电性连接。牙根尖定位仪的挂钩（2）固定设置于壳体（1）一端，操作时，挂钩（2）挂于嘴唇上时，壳体（1）直接悬挂于挂钩（2）下方，即设置于患者下巴位置，便于操作人员一边操作，一边即时查看显示机构（6）显示的数据信息。

Description

一种挂钩式牙根尖定位仪 技术领域
本发明涉及一种根管治疗预备设备，尤其涉及一种挂钩式牙根尖定位仪。
 背景技术
根管治疗又称牙髓治疗，是牙医学中治疗牙髓坏死和牙根感染的一种手术，其步骤包括根管预备阶段、根管消毒阶段和根管充填阶段。根管预备的要求是预备后根尖的终点止于牙本骨质界（距根尖1mm处），此处是牙髓组织与根尖周组织的交接处，如果锉针超过此位置，会对根尖周组件造成创伤及炎症。因此，在根管预备前，准确测定根管工作长度是十分重要的。
牙根尖定位仪就是用来测量根管工作长度的一种精密电子仪器，其利用牙龈沟-口腔粘膜的阻抗等于牙周膜-口腔面膜的阻抗原理来测量根尖的位置。如图1所示，现有的牙根尖定位仪包括本体11、数据线12、挂钩13和锉针14，数据线12的一端连接在本体11上，另一端分别连接挂钩13和锉针14，数据线12的长度为1.5m，操作时，将本体11放置于工作平台15上，挂钩13悬挂于嘴唇上，锉针14插入根管内，挂钩13、锉针14和口腔之间形成一个闭合电路，当锉针14不断插入的过程中，闭合电路的电阻值不断改变，在实际操作中，本体放置的区域与操作区域相距甚远，操作人员在操作工程中需要不断转动身体或者头部来查看本体显示屏上的数据信息，给操作人员带来不便，而且数据线较长，空间跨度大，容易出现意外情况，比如操作人员容易扯到数据线，就可能会扯落本体，也可能扯到挂钩和锉针而弄伤患者。
 技术问题
本发明提供一种结构简单、小巧，可同时进行操作和观察数值的挂钩式牙根尖定位仪。
 技术解决方案
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为：该挂钩式牙根尖定位仪包括壳体，固定安装在壳体一端的挂钩，通过数据线连接在壳体另一端的锉针，以及设置于壳体内的控制面板，挂钩悬挂于嘴唇上，壳体直接悬挂于挂钩下方，壳体表面设置有显示牙根尖长度的显示机构，显示机构、挂钩、锉针均与控制面板电性连接。
其中，数据线的一端与控制面板连接，另一端连接有锉夹，锉夹夹持有锉针。
其中，壳体内安装有蜂鸣器，蜂鸣器与控制面板电性连接。
其中，显示机构为数字显示屏。
其中，显示机构为LED灯条排，LED灯条平行设置在壳体上，每条LED灯条的边缘均设置有一表示深度的数值。
其中，显示机构为环形灯柱排，环形灯柱成排设置于壳体上，每个环形灯柱的边缘均设置有一表示深度的数值。
其中，挂钩式牙根尖定位仪还包括延长线，延长线的一端与挂钩固定相连，延长线的另一端与壳体固定相连，以增加挂钩的灵活性。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明牙根尖定位仪的挂钩固定设置于壳体一端，操作时，挂钩挂于嘴唇上时，壳体直接悬挂于挂钩下方，即设置于患者下巴位置，便于操作人员一边操作，一边即时查看显示机构显示的数据信息；而且数据线的长度得到缩短，整体工作环境更简洁，设备的安装、使用更加便捷，很大程度上避免了意外情况的发生。
 附图说明
图1为现有牙根尖定位仪的结构示意图。
图2为本发明挂钩式牙根尖定位仪的结构示意图。
图3为本发明挂钩式牙根尖定位仪的控制方式原理图；
图4为本发明实施例2的钩式牙根尖定位仪的结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1
如图2所示，本发明挂钩式牙根尖定位仪包括壳体1，固定安装在壳体1一端的挂钩2，通过数据线5连接在壳体1另一端的锉针4，以及设置于壳体1内的控制面板（图中未示出），挂钩2悬挂于嘴唇上，壳体1直接悬挂于挂钩2下方，壳体1表面设置有显示牙根尖长度的显示机构6，显示机构6、挂钩2、锉针4均与控制面板电性连接。当挂钩2挂于嘴唇上，锉针4插入根管后，形成一个闭合电路，随着锉针4的不断深入，闭合电路的电阻值也不断发生变化。
数据线5的一端与控制面板连接，另一端连接有锉夹3，锉夹3夹持有锉针4，便于不断更换锉针4，避免细菌感染。
壳体1内安装有蜂鸣器，蜂鸣器与控制面板电性连接，当蜂鸣器发出声音时，以提醒操作人员停止锉针的插入，避免对根尖周组件造成创伤及炎症。
上述显示机构6为数字显示屏，直接将锉针的插入深度以数字的方式显示在显示屏上。该显示机构6也可以为LED灯条排，LED灯条平行设置在壳体1上，每条LED灯条的边缘均设置有一表示深度的数值，该数值从下往上或者从上往下逐渐增大，随着锉针的不断插入，LED灯条逐条亮起，最后亮起的led灯条边缘的数值即此时锉针插入的深度；当然LED灯条排也可以用环形灯柱代替，环形灯柱成排设置于壳体1上，每个环形灯柱的边缘均设置有一表示深度的数值，原理同上述LED灯排。
上述锉夹3上设置有位移传感器（图中未示出），用于探测锉针的插入深度，该位移传感器与控制面板电性连接，控制面板将位移传感器采集到的信息传输至显示机构，将信息反映在显示机构上，以方便操作者了解操作状态。
上述控制面板上设置有电阻测定模块、传输模块和解析模块，电阻测定模块与挂钩、锉针电性连接，用于测定上述闭合电路的电阻值，传输模块用于将测定的电阻值传输至解析模块，也用于将传感器的信息传递给显示机构，解析模块与蜂鸣器连接，用于将电阻值与预先设定的电阻值进行比较，当锉针尖到达根尖区时，就把信号传递给蜂鸣器，使其发生响声，提醒操作者停止继续插入锉针，此时，显示屏实现的数值即牙根尖长度。
如图3所示，本发明挂钩式牙根尖定位仪使用时，将锉针插入到牙齿根管中，与控制面板电路连接，然后控制电路的另一电极与挂在嘴唇上的挂钩电路连接，形成工作电路，根管测量利用的是阻抗原理，也就是1958年sunada发现的人牙周膜与口腔黏膜之间的电阻值是恒定的，约为6.5k欧姆，并用于测量根管工作长度，在测试端送出一个8K高频信号和一个400Hz低频信号，并分别得到与这两个频率对应的阻抗，再根据这两个频率下的阻抗的大小来查对一个已知的测量结果对应表，从而得到测量结果；即锉针在牙齿根管内交替发出两个不同频率的电流信号，一个8K高频激励信号和一个400Hz低频激励信号，高频激励信号和低频激励信号经带通滤波器滤波后作用在根管上，控制面板测量两个电流通过根管的电阻值的比值（该比值不受根管内电解质的影响），利用AC/DC转换电路将8K高频激励信号和一个400Hz低频激励信号流过时的阻抗测得等效电阻，利用A/D转换电路将测得的交流模拟信号转化为解析模块可以识别的数字信号，解析模块通过分析比较上述电阻值的比值来确定锉针尖在根管内的位置，由测得的等效电阻与6.5k欧姆进行比例测算，即可获得锉针尖在根管内的相对位置，将此时锉针尖在根管内位置的数值传输给显示机构，以便于操作人员查看此时锉针尖在根管内的位置，当锉针尖到达根尖区时，蜂鸣器发出警报，此时显示屏中显示的数值即根尖长度。利用高频激励信号、低频激励信号实现根尖位置的检测，在授权公告号为CN104622595B、申请公布号 为CN109199625A等专利文献中均有详细记载，在此不再详述。
本发明牙根尖定位仪的挂钩固定设置于壳体一端，操作时，挂钩挂于嘴唇上时，壳体直接悬挂于挂钩下方，即设置于患者下巴位置，便于操作人员一边操作，一边即时查看显示机构显示的数据信息。
实施例2
在实施例1的基础上，该实施例的挂钩式牙根尖定位仪还包括延长线7，如图4所示，延长线7的一端与挂钩2的尾端固定相连，延长线7的另一端与壳体1的顶端固定相连，以增加挂钩2的灵活性；通过延长线7连接，既可以避免仪器与患者的直接接触，又可以适当加长数据线5的长度，方便操作。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种挂钩式牙根尖定位仪，其特征在于：包括壳体（1），固定安装在所述壳体（1）一端的挂钩（2），通过数据线（5）连接在所述壳体（1）另一端的锉针（4），以及设置于所述壳体（1）内的控制面板，所述挂钩（2）悬挂于嘴唇上，所述壳体（1）直接悬挂于所述挂钩（2）下方，所述壳体（1）表面设置有显示牙根尖长度的显示机构（6），所述显示机构（6）、所述挂钩（2）、所述锉针（4）均与所述控制面板电性连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的挂钩式牙根尖定位仪，其特征在于，所述数据线（5）的一端与所述控制面板连接，另一端连接有锉夹（3），所述锉夹（3）夹持有所述锉针（4）。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的挂钩式牙根尖定位仪，其特征在于，所述壳体（1）内安装有蜂鸣器，所述蜂鸣器与所述控制面板电性连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的挂钩式牙根尖定位仪，其特征在于，所述显示机构（6）为数字显示屏。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的挂钩式牙根尖定位仪，其特征在于，所述显示机构（6）为LED灯条排，所述LED灯条平行设置在所述壳体（1）上，每条所述LED灯条的边缘均设置有一表示深度的数值。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的挂钩式牙根尖定位仪，其特征在于，所述显示机构（6）为环形灯柱排，所述环形灯柱成排设置于所述壳体（1）上，每个所述环形灯柱的边缘均设置有一表示深度的数值。
  7. 根据权利要求1至7之一所述的挂钩式牙根尖定位仪，其特征在于，还包括延长线（7），延长线（7）的一端与挂钩（2）固定相连，延长线（7）的另一端与壳体（1）固定相连。
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JP7453130B2 (ja) * 2020-11-26 2024-03-19 株式会社モリタ製作所 歯科用治療装置
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