WO2020211277A1 - Method for evaluating regional geological structure complexity - Google Patents

Method for evaluating regional geological structure complexity Download PDF

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WO2020211277A1
WO2020211277A1 PCT/CN2019/105877 CN2019105877W WO2020211277A1 WO 2020211277 A1 WO2020211277 A1 WO 2020211277A1 CN 2019105877 W CN2019105877 W CN 2019105877W WO 2020211277 A1 WO2020211277 A1 WO 2020211277A1
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unit
area
region
complexity
cubic
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吴财芳
蒋秀明
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中国矿业大学
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Priority to AU2019429806A priority Critical patent/AU2019429806B2/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
    • G01V1/282—Application of seismic models, synthetic seismograms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
    • G01V1/30—Analysis
    • G01V1/306—Analysis for determining physical properties of the subsurface, e.g. impedance, porosity or attenuation profiles

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of regional geological evaluation, in particular to a method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures.
  • the present invention provides a method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures.
  • the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structure, including the following steps:
  • Step 1 Establish a 3D geological model of the strata in the area to be evaluated
  • Step 2 using a box-counting dimension calculated out a region similar to a n-dimensional tomographic d i, and then obtaining the tomographic perspective dimension D ds, and obtains the fault intensity I;
  • Step 3 using a box-counting dimension method obtains a region similar to a n-dimensional folds Z i, and then obtains a perspective dimension D zs, and obtains the Gaussian curvature K of the fold surface;
  • Step 4 invasion index Q magmatic rocks strike the region of a n
  • Step 5 a n is obtained in the region of collapse column index M;
  • Step 6 Normalize the data
  • Step 7 Structure complexity level division.
  • step 1 the geological structures within the study area: faults, folds, magmatic rock masses, and collapsed columns are identified, and the areas on the horizontal plane are divided into a ⁇ a square grids, numbered a 1 ⁇ a n ;
  • the three-dimensional geological body is divided into cubic unit bodies of 1m ⁇ 1m ⁇ 1m, the secondary cubic unit bodies are divided in each unit body, and the statistics of the secondary cubic units passing through the fault plane in each unit body
  • the cell area of a n-dimensional tomographic perspective D ds On the surface of a cell in a n area, the cell area of a n-dimensional tomographic perspective D ds:
  • D ds for an area of the tomographic dimensional perspective; d i to be evaluated for the three-dimensional geological body region similar dimensional unit cube through the body slice; depth, m h i for the cubic unit cell; H is the total thickness of the stratum in the area to be evaluated; n is the number of faults in the area.
  • I is the intensity of the fault
  • S imax is the maximum projected area of a fault plane in a cubic unit on a vertical plane of the unit, in m 2
  • h i is the depth of the unit, in m, in units The depth of the center point of the grid is the value
  • H is the stratum thickness of the evaluation area, in m
  • i is the number of faults inside the area.
  • the three-dimensional geological body is divided into cubic unit bodies of 1m ⁇ 1m ⁇ 1m, the secondary cubic unit bodies are divided in each unit body, and the secondary cubic units passing through the fold surface in each unit body are counted.
  • the performance of the wrinkles in the three-dimensional stratum is a set of mutually parallel curved surfaces, and the stratum level passing through the cubic unit body is used to indicate the degree of wrinkle of the unit body.
  • K i is the Gaussian curvature of the cubic unit.
  • K of the total area of the Gaussian curvature of a n, k i for all Gaussian curvature folds the lower surface of the flat area a n, a depth, a unit for the cube m h i of the unit body; H region was to be evaluated
  • the total thickness of the formation, in m; n is the number of folds in the area.
  • Q is a n for the cell region magma intrusion index, V i for the volume of the cell magmatic intrusions, unit m 3; h i for the cell depth, unit m; H is the area to be evaluated The total thickness of the formation, in m; n is the number of magmatic intrusions in the unit area;
  • M being an area subsided column index
  • V i is the volume of the region of collapse column, m 3
  • h i is a subsided column depth, m
  • H for the region to be evaluated formation thickness, m
  • n for the Area The number of collapsed columns.
  • B is the fragmentation degree of the collapsed column, which is quantified by the present invention as 1: the formation is relatively complete; 2: the formation is in a fragmented state; 4: the formation and its fragmentation are basically invisible.
  • Xi ' is normalized formation parameters, x i is a cell region a n parameter, ⁇ is to be the evaluation area a 1 ⁇ a n data mean, ⁇ is to be evaluated area data a 1 ⁇ a n of standard deviation; and configuration complexity evaluation region to treat a 1 ⁇ a n were scored:
  • step 7 above divide the structure complexity level:
  • the present invention has the beneficial effects of constructing a three-dimensional model in the research area, using the idea of fractal and fractal dimensions, and using the box-marking dimension method to obtain the similar dimensions of each three-dimensional unit to represent the research area Considering the inclination angle of faults and folds at the same time, it cannot be reflected in the complex dimensions of the structural plane. Fault intensity and fold curvature are introduced to characterize regional structural complexity. Through the above steps, the structural complexity of the area can be obtained, so as to provide a certain basis for the later exploration and development of energy minerals.
  • a method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures including the following steps:
  • Step 1 Use the existing drilling data and logging interpretation and seismic data analysis of regional geology, and use the 3D geological modeling software Petrel to establish the 3D geological model of the area to be evaluated.
  • the geological structure in the study area faults, folds, The magmatic rock mass and collapse column are identified, and the area on the horizontal plane is divided into a ⁇ a square grids, numbered a 1 ⁇ a n ;
  • Step 2 The stratum undergoes strong tectonic movement and fracture displacement occurs.
  • step 2 find the intensity I of the fault:
  • I is the intensity of the fault
  • S imax is the maximum projected area of the fault plane in a cubic unit on a vertical plane of the unit, in m 2
  • h i is the depth of the unit, with the center of the unit The point depth is the value, in m
  • H is the thickness of the formation in the evaluation area, in m
  • i is the number of faults in the area.
  • Step 3 When the tectonic stress is not enough to crush the formation, folds will be formed. This is one of the important manifestations of the concentration of underground stress; the three-dimensional geological body is divided into cubic unit blocks of 1m ⁇ 1m ⁇ 1m, and the secondary cubic unit bodies are divided in each unit block, and the statistics of the fold surface passing through each unit body are counted.
  • the number of secondary cubic units N(c), reduce the number of secondary cubic units, and set c c 0 /2, c 0 /3, c 0 /4, c 0 /8 to obtain the corresponding N(c) value;
  • c c 0 /2, c 0 /3, c 0 /4, c 0 /8 to obtain the corresponding N(c) value;
  • D zs is the fold three-dimensional dimension of the area
  • Z i is the similar dimension of the cubic unit body through which the fold surface passes in the area in the three-dimensional geological body to be evaluated
  • h i is the depth of the cubic unit body in m
  • n is the number of folds in the area.
  • the performance characteristics of the folds in the three-dimensional stratum are a set of parallel curved surfaces, and the stratum level passing through the cubic unit body is used to express the degree of folds of the unit body.
  • K i is the Gaussian curvature of the cubic cell.
  • K of the total area of the Gaussian curvature of a n, k i for all Gaussian curvature folds the lower surface of the flat area a n, a depth, a unit for the cube m h i of the unit body; H region was to be evaluated the total thickness of the layer, unit m; n is the number of pleats in a n area.
  • Step 4 Effect of extent configured by intrusive magmatic index Q magmatite characterized region of a n:
  • Q is a n for the cell region magma intrusion index, V i for the volume of the magmatic intrusions of the unit body, the unit m 3; h i for the cell depth, unit m; H is the area to be evaluated The total thickness of the formation, in m; n is the number of magmatic intrusions in the unit area;
  • Step 5 Use the collapse column index M to characterize the structural complexity of the area
  • M being an area subsided column index
  • V i is the volume of the region of collapse column, m 3
  • h i is a subsided column depth, m
  • H for the region to be evaluated formation thickness, m
  • n for the Area The number of collapsed columns.
  • B is the fragmentation degree of the collapsed column, which is quantified by the present invention as 1: the formation is relatively complete; 2: the formation is in a fragmented state; 4: the formation and its fragmentation are basically invisible.
  • Step 6 The above-mentioned geological parameters of the strata have large differences due to their dimensions and magnitudes. Normalize the above-mentioned data:
  • Xi ' is normalized formation parameters, x i is a cell region a n parameter, ⁇ is to be the evaluation area a 1 ⁇ a n data mean, ⁇ is to be evaluated area data a 1 ⁇ a n of standard deviation; and configuration complexity evaluation region to treat a 1 ⁇ a n were scored:
  • Step 7 Divide the level of structural complexity:

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Abstract

A method for evaluating regional geological structure complexity, comprising the following steps: step 1, establishing a stratum three-dimensional geological model of a region to be evaluated; step 2, solving a fault similarity dimension di of a certain region an by using a box dimension method, then solving a fault three-dimensional dimension Dds, and solving the intensity I of the fault; step 3, solving a fold similarity dimension Zi of the certain region an by using a box dimension method, then solving a three-dimensional dimension Dzs, and solving a Gaussian curvature K of a fold surface; step 4, solving an invasion index Q of magmatic rock in the region an; step 5, solving a collapse column index M of the region an; step 6, carrying out normalization processing on the data; and step 7, carrying out structure complexity level division. The regional structure complexity can be obtained by means of the steps, thereby providing a certain basis for later-stage energy mineral exploration and development.

Description

[根据细则26改正10.10.2019]　一种区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法[Corrected 10.10.2019 according to Rule 26] 　A method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures 技术领域Technical field
[根据细则26改正10.10.2019]　
本发明涉及区域地质评价技术领域，特别是涉及一种区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法。[Corrected according to Rule 26 10.10.2019]
The invention relates to the technical field of regional geological evaluation, in particular to a method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures.
背景技术Background technique
在对一个区域内的地质矿产资源的开发过程中，其内部的构造发育情况是一个重要的影响因素。它决定了资源开发过程中的技术要求和经济要求。目前常用的评价方法主要是分散的考虑区域的平面分形维度以及断层强度等因素。但是区域内部的地质构造并不是简单的平面影响，断层及褶皱等在地层内部的走向和倾向对于该区域的复杂程度也有着重大的影响。In the development of geological and mineral resources in an area, its internal structural development is an important influencing factor. It determines the technical requirements and economic requirements in the process of resource development. At present, the commonly used evaluation methods mainly consider factors such as the plane fractal dimension of the area and the strength of the fault. However, the geological structure inside the area is not simply a plane effect. The strike and tendency of faults and folds in the strata also have a significant impact on the complexity of the area.
为此，需要一种针对地质构造的实际发育情况的评价方法，来对区域的构造复杂程度进行判定，为后期的地质与矿产资源的开发提供一定的理论依据。For this reason, an evaluation method for the actual development of geological structures is needed to judge the structural complexity of the region and provide a certain theoretical basis for the later development of geological and mineral resources.
发明内容Summary of the invention
[根据细则26改正10.10.2019]　
为了克服上述现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法。[Corrected according to Rule 26 10.10.2019]
In order to overcome the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures.
本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法，包括以下步骤：The technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structure, including the following steps:
步骤1：建立待评价区域的地层三维地质模型；Step 1: Establish a 3D geological model of the strata in the area to be evaluated;
步骤2：利用记盒维数法求取某一区域a n的断层相似维d i，再求取断层立体维D ds，并求取该断层的烈度I； Step 2: using a box-counting dimension calculated out a region similar to a n-dimensional tomographic d i, and then obtaining the tomographic perspective dimension D ds, and obtains the fault intensity I;
步骤3：利用记盒维数法求取某一区域a n的褶皱相似维Z i，再求取立体维D zs，并且求取褶皱面的高斯曲率K； Step 3: using a box-counting dimension method obtains a region similar to a n-dimensional folds Z i, and then obtains a perspective dimension D zs, and obtains the Gaussian curvature K of the fold surface;
步骤4：求取该区域a n的岩浆岩的侵入指数Q； Step 4: invasion index Q magmatic rocks strike the region of a n;
步骤5：求取该区域a n的陷落柱指数M； Step 5: a n is obtained in the region of collapse column index M;
步骤6：对数据进行归一化处理；Step 6: Normalize the data;
步骤7：构造复杂程度级别划分。Step 7: Structure complexity level division.
进一步地，在上述步骤1中，将研究区内部的地质构造：断层、褶皱、岩浆岩体、陷落柱标识出来，并将水平面上的区域划分为a×a的正方形网格，编号a 1～a n； Furthermore, in step 1 above, the geological structures within the study area: faults, folds, magmatic rock masses, and collapsed columns are identified, and the areas on the horizontal plane are divided into a×a square grids, numbered a 1 ～ a n ;
进一步地，在上述步骤2中，将三维地质体划分为1m×1m×1m的立方单元体，在每个单元体内划分次级立方单元体，统计每个单元体内有断层面通过的次级立方单元体数目N(b)，缩小次级立方单元体，令b＝b 0/2、b 0/3、b 0/4、b 0/8，得到相应的N(b)值；将其投放到lgN(b)-lgb坐标系中，拟合得到一条直线，用最小二乘法求解直线斜率，其绝对值即为该立方单元块的相似维d i。对地表区域的某一单元格a n，该单元区域a n的断层立体维D ds： Furthermore, in step 2 above, the three-dimensional geological body is divided into cubic unit bodies of 1m×1m×1m, the secondary cubic unit bodies are divided in each unit body, and the statistics of the secondary cubic units passing through the fault plane in each unit body The number of unit bodies N(b), reduce the secondary cubic unit body, set b=b 0 /2, b 0 /3, b 0 /4, b 0 /8 to get the corresponding N(b) value; put it to lgN (b) -lgb coordinate system, obtained by fitting a straight line, the slope of the linear least-squares method to solve, that is similar to the absolute value of the cubic cell dimension d i in the block. On the surface of a cell in a n area, the cell area of a n-dimensional tomographic perspective D ds:
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000001
式中，D ds为该区域an的断层立体维；d i为待评价三维地质体内该区域内有断层面通过的立方单元体的相似维；h i为该立方单元格的深度，单位m；H为待评价区域的地层总厚度；n为该区域的断层数量。 Wherein, D ds for an area of the tomographic dimensional perspective; d i to be evaluated for the three-dimensional geological body region similar dimensional unit cube through the body slice; depth, m h i for the cubic unit cell; H is the total thickness of the stratum in the area to be evaluated; n is the number of faults in the area.
进一步地，在上述步骤2中，求取该断层的烈度I：Further, in the above step 2, the intensity I of the fault is obtained:
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000002
式中，I为断层烈度；S imax为某个立方单元体内断层面在单元体某一竖直面上的最大投影面积，单位m 2；h i为该单元格的深度，单位m，以单元格的中心点深度为值；H为评价区域的地层厚度，单位m；i为该区域内部的断层数量。 In the formula, I is the intensity of the fault; S imax is the maximum projected area of a fault plane in a cubic unit on a vertical plane of the unit, in m 2 ; h i is the depth of the unit, in m, in units The depth of the center point of the grid is the value; H is the stratum thickness of the evaluation area, in m; i is the number of faults inside the area.
进一步地，在上述步骤3中，将三维地质体划分为1m×1m×1m的立方单元体，在每个单元体内划分次级立方单元体，统计每个单元体内有褶皱面通过的次级立方单元体数目N(c)，缩小次级立方单元体，令c＝c 0/2、c 0/3、c 0/4、c 0/8，得到相应的N(c)值；将其投放到lgN(c)-lgc坐标系中，拟合得到一条直线，用最小二乘法求解直线斜率，其绝对值即为该立方单元体的相似维Z i；不同深度的褶皱所受的垂向主应力不同，而垂向主应力应力的大小也是判别区域的构造复杂 程度之一的标准，在平面上将深度作为系数考虑，对地表区域的某一单元区域a n，该单元区域a n的褶皱立体维D zs：： Further, in the above step 3, the three-dimensional geological body is divided into cubic unit bodies of 1m×1m×1m, the secondary cubic unit bodies are divided in each unit body, and the secondary cubic units passing through the fold surface in each unit body are counted. The number of unit bodies N(c), reduce the secondary cubic unit body, set c = c 0 /2, c 0 /3, c 0 /4, c 0 /8, get the corresponding N(c) value; put it In the lgN(c)-lgc coordinate system, a straight line is obtained by fitting, and the slope of the straight line is solved by the least square method. Its absolute value is the similar dimension Z i of the cubic unit; the vertical principal of the folds of different depths different stress, principal stresses and the vertical stress magnitude criterion is one of the structural complexity of the region considered as a factor in depth on a plane, on a cell surface area region a n, a n area of the unit folds Three-dimensional dimension D zs ::
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000003
式中，D zs为该区域a n的褶皱立体维；Z i为待评价三维地质体内该区域内有褶皱面通过的立方单元格的相似维；h i为该立方单元格的深度，单位m；H为待评价区域的地层总厚度，单位m；n为该区域的褶皱数量。 Wherein, D zs folds in the region of a n-dimensional perspective; the Z i to be evaluated as a three-dimensional geological body region similar to the cubic cell has a dimension by surface corrugations; H i for the depth of the cubic cell, in m ; H is the total thickness of the stratum in the area to be evaluated, in m; n is the number of folds in the area.
进一步地，在上述步骤3中，褶皱在三维地层里的表现特征为一组互相平行的弯曲面，则用穿过立方单元体的地层层面来表示该单元体的褶皱程度。求取褶皱面的高斯曲率：设褶皱面为
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000004
Furthermore, in the above step 3, the performance of the wrinkles in the three-dimensional stratum is a set of mutually parallel curved surfaces, and the stratum level passing through the cubic unit body is used to indicate the degree of wrinkle of the unit body. Find the Gaussian curvature of the fold surface: set the fold surface as
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000004
则
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000005
then
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000006
式中，K i为该立方单元体的高斯曲率。 In the formula, K i is the Gaussian curvature of the cubic unit.
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000007
式中，K为该区域a n的总高斯曲率，k i为该平面区域a n下的所有褶皱面的高斯曲率，h i为该立方单元体的深度，单位m；H为待评价区域的地层总厚度，单位m；n为该区域的褶皱数量。 Where, K of the total area of the Gaussian curvature of a n, k i for all Gaussian curvature folds the lower surface of the flat area a n, a depth, a unit for the cube m h i of the unit body; H region was to be evaluated The total thickness of the formation, in m; n is the number of folds in the area.
进一步地，在上述步骤4中，用岩浆岩的侵入指数Q来表征区域a n的岩浆岩构造影响程度： Further, in the above step 4, with the invasion index Q magmatic rocks configured to characterize the extent of magmatic rock affected area of a n:
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000008
式中，Q为该单元区域a n的岩浆侵入指数，V i为该单元格的岩浆侵入体的体积，单位m 3；h i为该单元格的深度，单位m；H为待评价区域的地层总厚度，单位m；n为单元区域内的岩浆侵入体个数； Formula, Q is a n for the cell region magma intrusion index, V i for the volume of the cell magmatic intrusions, unit m 3; h i for the cell depth, unit m; H is the area to be evaluated The total thickness of the formation, in m; n is the number of magmatic intrusions in the unit area;
进一步地，在上述步骤5中，Further, in the above step 5,
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000009
式中，M为区域an陷落柱指数；V i为区域内陷落柱体积，m 3；h i为陷落柱深度，m；H为该待评价区域的地层厚度，m；n为该区域内的陷落柱数量。B为陷落柱碎裂程度，本发明将其量化为1：地层较为完整；2：地层呈碎裂状态；4：地层及其破碎基本不可见原状。 In the formula, M being an area subsided column index; V i is the volume of the region of collapse column, m 3; h i is a subsided column depth, m; H for the region to be evaluated formation thickness, m; n for the Area The number of collapsed columns. B is the fragmentation degree of the collapsed column, which is quantified by the present invention as 1: the formation is relatively complete; 2: the formation is in a fragmented state; 4: the formation and its fragmentation are basically invisible.
进一步地，在上述步骤6中，对上述数据进行归一化处理：Further, in the above step 6, the above data is normalized:
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000010
式中，Xi’为归一化的地层参数，x i为一个单元区域a n的参数，μ为待评价区域a 1～a n的数据均值，σ为待评价区域数据a 1～a n的标准差；并对待评价区域a 1～a n的构造复杂程度进行评分： Wherein, Xi 'is normalized formation parameters, x i is a cell region a n parameter, μ is to be the evaluation area a 1 ~ a n data mean, σ is to be evaluated area data a 1 ~ a n of standard deviation; and configuration complexity evaluation region to treat a 1 ~ a n were scored:
Tan＝0.23D ds+0.21I+0.25D zs+0.21K+0.05Q+0.05M                    (9) Tan=0.23D ds +0.21I+0.25D zs +0.21K+0.05Q+0.05M (9)
进一步地，在上述步骤7中，划分构造复杂程度级别：Further, in step 7 above, divide the structure complexity level:
区域a n的构造复杂程度分级 The complexity of the configuration of a n graded region
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000011
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：在研究区域构造一个三维立体模型，利用分形分维思想，记盒维数法求取每个三维单元体的相似维，用以表征研究区 的构造复杂维度，同时考虑断层和褶皱的倾向倾角并不能在构造平面复杂维度体现出，引入断层烈度、褶皱曲率等来表征区域构造复杂程度。通过以上步骤可以获取区域的构造复杂程度，从而为后期的能源矿产的勘察和勘探开发提供一定的依据。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects of constructing a three-dimensional model in the research area, using the idea of fractal and fractal dimensions, and using the box-marking dimension method to obtain the similar dimensions of each three-dimensional unit to represent the research area Considering the inclination angle of faults and folds at the same time, it cannot be reflected in the complex dimensions of the structural plane. Fault intensity and fold curvature are introduced to characterize regional structural complexity. Through the above steps, the structural complexity of the area can be obtained, so as to provide a certain basis for the later exploration and development of energy minerals.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了加深对本发明的理解，下面结合实施例对本发明进一步说明，该实施例仅用于解释本发明，并不对本发明的保护范围构成限定。In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with examples. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.
一种区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法，包括以下步骤：A method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures, including the following steps:
步骤1：利用区域地质的已有钻孔数据和测井解释及地震数据分析，借助三维地质建模软件Petrel建立待评价区域的地层三维地质模型，将研究区内部的地质构造：断层、褶皱、岩浆岩体、陷落柱标识出来，并将水平面上的区域划分为a×a的正方形网格，编号a 1～a n； Step 1: Use the existing drilling data and logging interpretation and seismic data analysis of regional geology, and use the 3D geological modeling software Petrel to establish the 3D geological model of the area to be evaluated. The geological structure in the study area: faults, folds, The magmatic rock mass and collapse column are identified, and the area on the horizontal plane is divided into a×a square grids, numbered a 1 ～a n ;
步骤2：地层经受强大的构造运动作用后而发生断裂位移，本步骤从断层的分布和断层的烈度两个方面评价区域构造复杂程度；将三维地质体划分为1m×1m×1m的立方单元体，在每个单元体内划分次级立方单元体，统计每个单元体内有断层面通过的次级立方单元体数目N(b)，缩小次级立方单元体，令b＝b 0/2、b 0/3、b 0/4、b 0/8，得到相应的N(b)值；将其投放到lgN(b)-lgb坐标系中，拟合得到一条直线，用最小二乘法求解直线斜率，其绝对值即为该立方单元体的相似维d i；考虑到不同深度的断层所受的垂向主应力不同，而垂向主应力应力的大小也是判别区域的构造复杂程度之一的标准，因此，在平面上将深度作为系数考虑，对地表区域的某一单元区域a n，该单元区域a n的断层立体维D ds： Step 2: The stratum undergoes strong tectonic movement and fracture displacement occurs. In this step, the regional structural complexity is evaluated from the two aspects of fault distribution and fault intensity; the three-dimensional geological body is divided into 1m×1m×1m cubic units. , Divide the secondary cubic unit in each unit, count the number of secondary cubic units N(b) that have a fault plane in each unit, reduce the secondary cubic unit, let b=b 0 /2, b 0 /3, b 0 /4, b 0 /8, get the corresponding N(b) value; put it into the lgN(b)-lgb coordinate system, fit a straight line, and use the least square method to solve the slope of the straight line , Its absolute value is the similar dimension d i of the cubic unit; considering that the vertical principal stresses of faults at different depths are different, the magnitude of the vertical principal stress is also one of the criteria for judging the structural complexity of the region Therefore, on a plane at a depth considered as a coefficient, the surface area of a certain cell of a n area, the cell area of a n-dimensional tomographic perspective D ds:
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000012
式中，D ds为该区域an的断层立体维；d i为待评价三维地质体内该区域内有断层面通过的立方单元体的相似维；h i为该立方单元体的深度，m；H为待评价区域的地层总厚度；n为该区域的断层数量。 Wherein, D ds for an area tomographic dimensional perspective; d i to be evaluated in vivo three-dimensional geological region have similar dimensional slice through the cubic unit cell; h i for the depth of the cubic unit cell, m; H Is the total thickness of the stratum in the area to be evaluated; n is the number of faults in the area.
在上述步骤2中，求取该断层的烈度I：In step 2 above, find the intensity I of the fault:
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000013
式中，I为断层烈度；S imax为某个立方单元体内断层面在单元格某一竖直面上的最大投影面积，单位m 2；h i为该单元体的深度，以单元体的中心点深度为值,单位m；H为评价区域的地层厚度，单位m；i为该区域内部的断层数量。 In the formula, I is the intensity of the fault; S imax is the maximum projected area of the fault plane in a cubic unit on a vertical plane of the unit, in m 2 ; h i is the depth of the unit, with the center of the unit The point depth is the value, in m; H is the thickness of the formation in the evaluation area, in m; i is the number of faults in the area.
步骤3：当构造应力不足以将地层挤压破碎时，就会形成褶皱。这是地底应力集中的重要表现之一；将三维地质体划分为1m×1m×1m的立方单元块，在每个单元块内划分次级立方单元体，统计每个单元体内有褶皱面通过的次级立方单元体数目N(c)，缩小次级立方单元体，令c＝c 0/2、c 0/3、c 0/4、c 0/8，得到相应的N(c)值；将其投放到lgN(c)-lgc坐标系中，拟合得到一条直线，用最小二乘法求解直线斜率，其绝对值即为该立方单元块的相似维z i，不同深度的褶皱所受的垂向主应力不同，而垂向主应力应力的大小也是判别区域的构造复杂程度之一的标准，在平面上将深度作为系数考虑，对地表区域的某一单元区域a n而言，该单元区域a n的褶皱立体维D zs： Step 3: When the tectonic stress is not enough to crush the formation, folds will be formed. This is one of the important manifestations of the concentration of underground stress; the three-dimensional geological body is divided into cubic unit blocks of 1m×1m×1m, and the secondary cubic unit bodies are divided in each unit block, and the statistics of the fold surface passing through each unit body are counted. The number of secondary cubic units N(c), reduce the number of secondary cubic units, and set c = c 0 /2, c 0 /3, c 0 /4, c 0 /8 to obtain the corresponding N(c) value; Put it into the lgN(c)-lgc coordinate system, fit a straight line, use the least square method to solve the slope of the straight line, and its absolute value is the similar dimension z i of the cubic unit block, and the folds of different depths are subjected to different vertical principal stress, principal stresses and the vertical stress magnitude criterion is one of the structural complexity of the region considered as a factor in depth on a plane, on a cell surface area in terms of a n area, the unit region of a n-dimensional perspective folds D zs:
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000014
式中，D zs为该区域的褶皱立体维；Z i为待评价三维地质体内该区域内有褶皱面通过的立方单元体的相似维；h i为该立方单元体的深度，单位m；H为待评价区域的地层总厚度，单位m；n为该区域的褶皱数量。 In the formula, D zs is the fold three-dimensional dimension of the area; Z i is the similar dimension of the cubic unit body through which the fold surface passes in the area in the three-dimensional geological body to be evaluated; h i is the depth of the cubic unit body in m; H Is the total thickness of the stratum in the area to be evaluated, in m; n is the number of folds in the area.
在上述步骤3中，褶皱在三维地层里的表现特征为一组互相平行的弯曲面，则用穿过立方单元体的地层层面来表示该单元体的褶皱程度。求取褶皱面的高斯曲率：设褶皱面为
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000015
In the above step 3, the performance characteristics of the folds in the three-dimensional stratum are a set of parallel curved surfaces, and the stratum level passing through the cubic unit body is used to express the degree of folds of the unit body. Find the Gaussian curvature of the fold surface: set the fold surface as
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000015
则
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000016
then
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000017
式中，K i为该立方单元格的高斯曲率。 In the formula, K i is the Gaussian curvature of the cubic cell.
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000018
式中，K为该区域a n的总高斯曲率，k i为该平面区域a n下的所有褶皱面的高斯曲率，h i为该立方单元体的深度，单位m；H为待评价区域的地层总厚度，单位m；n为该区域a n的褶皱数量。 Where, K of the total area of the Gaussian curvature of a n, k i for all Gaussian curvature folds the lower surface of the flat area a n, a depth, a unit for the cube m h i of the unit body; H region was to be evaluated the total thickness of the layer, unit m; n is the number of pleats in a n area.
步骤4：用岩浆岩的侵入指数Q来表征区域a n的岩浆岩构造影响程度： Step 4: Effect of extent configured by intrusive magmatic index Q magmatite characterized region of a n:
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000019
式中，Q为该单元区域a n的岩浆侵入指数，V i为该单元体的岩浆侵入体的体积，单位m 3；h i为该单元格的深度，单位m；H为待评价区域的地层总厚度，单位m；n为单元区域内的岩浆侵入体个数； Formula, Q is a n for the cell region magma intrusion index, V i for the volume of the magmatic intrusions of the unit body, the unit m 3; h i for the cell depth, unit m; H is the area to be evaluated The total thickness of the formation, in m; n is the number of magmatic intrusions in the unit area;
步骤5：利用陷落柱指数M来表征该区域的构造复杂程度，Step 5: Use the collapse column index M to characterize the structural complexity of the area,
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000020
式中，M为区域an陷落柱指数；V i为区域内陷落柱体积，m 3；h i为陷落柱深度，m；H为该待评价区域的地层厚度，m；n为该区域内的陷落柱数量。B为陷落柱碎裂程度，本发明将其量化为1：地层较为完整；2：地层呈碎裂状态；4：地层及其破碎基本不可见原状。 In the formula, M being an area subsided column index; V i is the volume of the region of collapse column, m 3; h i is a subsided column depth, m; H for the region to be evaluated formation thickness, m; n for the Area The number of collapsed columns. B is the fragmentation degree of the collapsed column, which is quantified by the present invention as 1: the formation is relatively complete; 2: the formation is in a fragmented state; 4: the formation and its fragmentation are basically invisible.
步骤6：上述地层的地质参数由于量纲和数量级存在较大的差异，对上述数据进行归一化处理：Step 6: The above-mentioned geological parameters of the strata have large differences due to their dimensions and magnitudes. Normalize the above-mentioned data:
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000021
式中，Xi’为归一化的地层参数，x i为一个单元区域a n的参数，μ为待评价 区域a 1～a n的数据均值，σ为待评价区域数据a 1～a n的标准差；并对待评价区域a 1～a n的构造复杂程度进行评分： Wherein, Xi 'is normalized formation parameters, x i is a cell region a n parameter, μ is to be the evaluation area a 1 ~ a n data mean, σ is to be evaluated area data a 1 ~ a n of standard deviation; and configuration complexity evaluation region to treat a 1 ~ a n were scored:
Tan＝0.23D ds+0.21I+0.25D zs+0.21K+0.05Q+0.05M                    (9) Tan=0.23D ds +0.21I+0.25D zs +0.21K+0.05Q+0.05M (9)
步骤7：划分构造复杂程度级别：Step 7: Divide the level of structural complexity:
区域a n的构造复杂程度分级 The complexity of the configuration of a n graded region
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-000022
针对区域的构造复杂程度进行评价分析，所有指标均为正向化，并均一化考虑。因此T值越大，意味着区域的构造越复杂。For the evaluation and analysis of the structural complexity of the region, all indicators are positive and considered uniformly. Therefore, the larger the T value, the more complicated the structure of the area.
本发明的实施例公布的是较佳的实施例，但并不局限于此，本领域的普通技术人员，极易根据上述实施例，领会本发明的精神，并做出不同的引申和变化，但只要不脱离本发明的精神，都在本发明的保护范围内。The embodiment of the present invention discloses a preferred embodiment, but it is not limited to this. Those of ordinary skill in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention and make different extensions and changes based on the above embodiments. However, as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures, which is characterized by including the following steps:
    步骤1：建立待评价区域的地层三维地质模型；Step 1: Establish a 3D geological model of the strata in the area to be evaluated;
    步骤2：利用记盒维数法求取某一区域a n的断层相似维d i，再求取断层立体维D ds，并求取该断层的烈度I； Step 2: using a box-counting dimension calculated out a region similar to a n-dimensional tomographic d i, and then obtaining the tomographic perspective dimension D ds, and obtains the fault intensity I;
    步骤3：利用记盒维数法求取某一区域a n的褶皱相似维Z i，再求取立体维D zs，并且求取褶皱面的高斯曲率K； Step 3: using a box-counting dimension method obtains a region similar to a n-dimensional folds Z i, and then obtains a perspective dimension D zs, and obtains the Gaussian curvature K of the fold surface;
    步骤4：求取该区域a n的岩浆岩的侵入指数Q； Step 4: invasion index Q magmatic rocks strike the region of a n;
    步骤5：求取该区域a n的陷落柱指数M； Step 5: a n is obtained in the region of collapse column index M;
    步骤6：对数据进行归一化处理；Step 6: Normalize the data;
    步骤7：构造复杂程度级别划分。Step 7: Structure complexity level division.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法，其特征在于：在上述步骤1中，将研究区内部的地质构造：断层、褶皱、岩浆岩体、陷落柱标识出来，并将水平面上的区域划分为a×a的正方形网格，编号a 1～a n； The method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the above step 1, the geological structures in the study area: faults, folds, magmatic rocks, and collapse columns are identified, and the horizontal plane The area on is divided into a×a square grids, numbered a 1 ～a n ;
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法，其特征在于：在上述步骤2中，将三维地质体划分为1m×1m×1m的立方单元体，在每个单元体内划分次级立方单元体，统计每个单元体内有断层面通过的次级立方单元体的数目N(b)，缩小次级立方单元体，令b＝b 0/2、b 0/3、b 0/4、b 0/8，得到相应的N(b)值；将其投放到lgN(b)-lgb坐标系中，拟合得到一条直线，用最小二乘法求解直线斜率，其绝对值即为该立方单元体的相似维d i；不同深度的断层所受的垂向主应力不同，垂向主应力应力的大小是判别区域的构造复杂程度之一的标准，将在平面上的深度作为系数，对地表区域的某一单元区域a n，该单元区域的断层立体维D ds： The method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the above step 2, the three-dimensional geological body is divided into 1m×1m×1m cubic unit bodies, and each unit body is divided into secondary Cubic unit, count the number N(b) of the secondary cubic unit with a fault in each unit, reduce the secondary cubic unit, let b = b 0 /2, b 0 /3, b 0 /4 , B 0 /8, get the corresponding N(b) value; put it into the lgN(b)-lgb coordinate system, fit a straight line, use the least square method to solve the slope of the straight line, and its absolute value is the cube The similar dimension d i of the unit body; the vertical principal stresses of faults at different depths are different. The magnitude of the vertical principal stress is one of the criteria for judging the structural complexity of the area. The depth on the plane is taken as the coefficient. a surface region of the cell region a n, the cell area tomographic perspective dimension D ds:
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100001
    式中，D ds为该区域a n的断层立体维；d i为待评价三维地质体内该区域内有断层面通过的立方单元体的相似维；h i为该立方单元格的深度，单位m；H为待评价区域的地层总厚度，单位m；n为该区域的断层数量。 Wherein, D ds in the region of a n-dimensional perspective faults; d i to be evaluated for the three-dimensional geological body region similar unit cell dimensions of cubic cross-sectional plane through; h i for the cubic cell depth, in m ; H is the total thickness of the stratum in the area to be evaluated, in m; n is the number of faults in the area.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法，其特征在于：The method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures according to claim 1, characterized in that:
    在上述步骤2中，求取该断层的烈度I：In step 2 above, find the intensity I of the fault:
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100002
    式中，I为断层烈度；S imax为某个立方单元体内断层面在单元体的某一竖直面上最大投影面积，单位m 2；h i为该单元体的深度，以单元体的中心点深度为值,单位m；H为评价区域的地层厚度，单位m；i为该区域a n内部的断层数量。 In the formula, I is the intensity of the fault; S imax is the maximum projected area of a fault plane in a cubic unit on a vertical plane of the unit, in m 2 ; h i is the depth of the unit, with the center of the unit point depth value, in m; H is the thickness of the formation evaluation area, unit m; the number of a fault inside the region n i.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法，其特征在于：在上述步骤3中，将三维地质体划分为1m×1m×1m的立方单元体，在每个单元体内划分次级立方单元体，统计每个单元体内有褶皱面通过的次级立方单元块数目N(c)，缩小次级立方单元体，令c＝c 0/2、c 0/3、c 0/4、c 0/8，得到相应的N(c)值；将其投放到lgN(c)-lgc坐标系中，拟合得到一条直线，用最小二乘法求解直线斜率，其绝对值即为该立方单元体的相似维z i；不同深度的褶皱所受的垂向主应力不同，垂向主应力应力的大小是判别区域的构造复杂程度之一的标准，将在平面上的深度作为系数，对地表区域的某一单元区域a n来说，该单元区域的褶皱立体维D zs： The method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the above step 3, the three-dimensional geological body is divided into 1m×1m×1m cubic unit bodies, and each unit body is divided into secondary Cubic unit body, count the number of secondary cubic unit blocks N(c) passing through the fold surface in each unit body, reduce the secondary cubic unit body, let c=c 0 /2, c 0 /3, c 0 /4, c 0 /8, get the corresponding N(c) value; put it into the lgN(c)-lgc coordinate system, fit a straight line, use the least square method to solve the slope of the straight line, and its absolute value is the cubic unit The similar dimension z i of the body; the vertical principal stresses of the folds of different depths are different. The magnitude of the vertical principal stress is one of the criteria for judging the structural complexity of the area. The depth on the plane is used as a coefficient to affect the surface a region of a n unit area, the cell area of the fold perspective dimension D zs:
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100003
    式中，D zs为该区域的褶皱立体维；Z i为待评价三维地质体内该区域a n内有褶皱面通过的立方单元体的相似维；h i为该立方单元体的深度，单位m；H为待评价区域的地层总厚度，单位m；n为该区域a n的褶皱数量。 Wherein, in the region of the fold D zs-dimensional perspective; Z i of the body to be evaluated have a similar three-dimensional geological cubic unit cell dimension by folds in the surface region a n; h i depth, the unit cubic unit cell for the m ; total thickness H of the formation in the region to be evaluated, unit m; n is the number of pleats in a n area.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法，其特征在于：在上述步骤3中，褶皱在三维地层里的表现特征为一组互相平行的弯曲面，则用穿过立方单元体的地层层面来表示该单元体的褶皱程度；求取褶皱面的高斯曲率：设褶皱面为
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100004
    The method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the above step 3, the appearance of the folds in the three-dimensional stratum is a set of mutually parallel curved surfaces, which are used to pass through the cubic unit body. To indicate the degree of fold of the unit body; find the Gaussian curvature of the fold surface: set the fold surface as
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100004
    则
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100005
    then
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100006
    式中，K i为该立方单元体的高斯曲率。 In the formula, K i is the Gaussian curvature of the cubic unit.
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100007
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100007
    式中，K为该区域a n的总高斯曲率，k i为该平面区域a n下的所有褶皱面的高斯曲率，h i为该立方单元体的深度，单位m；H为待评价区域的地层总厚度，单位m；n为该区域的褶皱数量。 Where, K of the total area of the Gaussian curvature of a n, k i for all Gaussian curvature folds the lower surface of the flat area a n, a depth, a unit for the cube m h i of the unit body; H region was to be evaluated The total thickness of the formation, in m; n is the number of folds in the area.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法，其特征在于：在上述步骤4中，用岩浆岩的侵入指数Q来表征区域a n的岩浆岩构造影响程度： Depending on the complexity of the geological structure of the region of the evaluation method of claim 1, wherein: in step 4 above, with the invasion index Q magmatic rocks configured to characterize the extent of the affected area magma of a n:
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100008
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100008
    式中，Q为该单元区域a n的岩浆侵入指数，V i为该单元体的岩浆侵入体的体积，单位m 3；h i为该单元体的深度，单位m；H为待评价区域的地层总厚度，单位m；n为单元区域内的岩浆侵入体个数； Formula, Q is a n for the cell region magma intrusion index, V i for the volume of the magmatic intrusions of the unit body, the unit m 3; depth, m h i for the unit cell body; H region was to be evaluated The total thickness of the formation, in m; n is the number of magmatic intrusions in the unit area;
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法，其特征在于：在上述步骤5中，The method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 5,
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100009
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100009
    式中，M为区域an陷落柱指数；v i为区域内陷落柱体积，单位m 3；h i为陷落柱深度，单位m；H为该待评价区域的地层厚度，单位m；n为该区域内的陷落柱数量；B为陷落柱碎裂程度，本发明将其量化为1：地层较为完整；2：地层呈碎裂状态；4：地层及其破碎基本不可见原状。 In the formula, M being an area subsided column index; v i collapse column volumes within the region, unit m 3; h i is a subsided column depth, unit m; H evaluation area for the thickness to be ground, unit m; n for The number of collapsed columns in the area; B is the fragmentation degree of the collapsed columns, which is quantified by the present invention as 1: the formation is relatively complete; 2: the formation is in a fragmented state; 4: the formation and its fragmentation are basically invisible.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法，其特征在于：在上述步骤6中，对上述数据进行归一化处理：The method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 6, the data is normalized:
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100010
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100010
    式中，X i’为归一化的地层参数，x i为一个单元区域a n的参数，μ为待评价区域a 1～a n的数据均值，σ为待评价区域数据a 1～a n的标准差；并对待评价区域a 1～a n的构造复杂程度进行评分： Wherein, X i 'is the normalized formation parameters, x i is a cell region a n parameter, μ is to be the evaluation area a 1 ~ a n data mean, σ is to be evaluated area data a 1 ~ a n standard deviation; and configuration complexity evaluation region to treat a 1 ~ a n were scored:
    Tan＝0.23D ds+0.21I+0.25D zs+0.21K+0.05Q+0.05M      (9) Tan=0.23D ds +0.21I+0.25D zs +0.21K+0.05Q+0.05M (9)
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的区域地质构造复杂程度的评价方法，其特征在于：在上述步骤7中，划分构造复杂程度级别：The method for evaluating the complexity of regional geological structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the above step 7, the structural complexity levels are divided:
    区域a n的构造复杂程度分级 The complexity of the configuration of a n graded region
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100011
    Figure PCTCN2019105877-appb-100011
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