WO2020199547A1 - 天线的下倾角显示装置及天线 - Google Patents

天线的下倾角显示装置及天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020199547A1
WO2020199547A1 PCT/CN2019/109941 CN2019109941W WO2020199547A1 WO 2020199547 A1 WO2020199547 A1 WO 2020199547A1 CN 2019109941 W CN2019109941 W CN 2019109941W WO 2020199547 A1 WO2020199547 A1 WO 2020199547A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
worm
display device
dial
drives
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/109941
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓少锋
邬烈锋
Original Assignee
摩比科技（深圳）有限公司
摩比通讯技术（吉安）有限公司
摩比科技(西安)有限公司
摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司
深圳市晟煜智慧科技网络有限公司
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Application filed by 摩比科技（深圳）有限公司, 摩比通讯技术（吉安）有限公司, 摩比科技(西安)有限公司, 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司, 深圳市晟煜智慧科技网络有限公司 filed Critical 摩比科技（深圳）有限公司
Publication of WO2020199547A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020199547A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of antennas of mobile communication base stations, and in particular to an antenna downtilt display device and antenna.
  • the application of multi-frequency electronically modulated antennas of base stations is becoming more and more extensive, and there are more and more functional modules.
  • the requirements for the accuracy of antenna electrical downtilt are getting higher and higher. Therefore, phase shifters with large strokes are widely used in antenna design.
  • the multi-frequency electronically adjustable antenna with a large-stroke phase shifter with a downward inclination scale display has a better customer experience and can enhance product competitiveness.
  • the existing downtilt angle display solution of the multi-frequency ESC antenna does not satisfy the use of a large-stroke phase shifter, and the scale needs to be extended out of the end cover for a certain length, which may cause breakage and low-temperature freezing.
  • the telescopic solution occupies a lot of space inside and on the end face of the antenna, which is not conducive to product layout design.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an antenna downtilt angle display device and antenna, which can realize the high-precision display of the antenna downtilt angle through linear motion to rotary motion, and can eliminate fracture and low-temperature freezing. Risk, reducing the occupation of space, is conducive to product layout design.
  • the present invention provides a downward tilt angle display device for an antenna, which includes a deceleration mechanism and a dial.
  • the deceleration mechanism includes a driving member and at least one driven gear that mesh with each other.
  • the dial is fixed on the slave.
  • the driving part is connected with the driving screw, and when the driving screw rotates, the phase shifter is driven to move linearly to adjust the downward tilt angle of the antenna, and the driving screw simultaneously drives the driving part to rotate, the The driving member drives the driven gear to rotate, the driven gear drives the dial to rotate, and the current scale of the dial corresponds to the current angle of the antenna downtilt.
  • the driving member is a worm
  • the driven gear is a worm gear
  • the worm is provided with at least one helix
  • the worm wheel is provided with a plurality of convex teeth
  • the worm The helix meshes with the convex teeth of the worm wheel.
  • the housing of the antenna is provided with a scale display hole
  • the scale plate is fixed in the housing and is located at the scale display hole
  • the scale display hole displays the The current scale of the dial
  • the housing of the antenna is provided with an adjustment hole, the top of the worm is provided with a manual adjustment interface, and the manual adjustment interface is fixed in the housing and located at the adjustment hole.
  • the worm and the transmission screw are integrally formed;
  • the worm and the transmission screw are formed separately, and the bottom of the worm and the top of the transmission screw are connected to each other.
  • the transmission screw is electrically connected with a motor, and a transmission nut is screwed on the transmission screw, and the transmission nut is connected with the phase shifter through a connecting plate;
  • the motor drives the transmission screw to rotate, it drives the transmission nut to make a linear movement on the transmission screw, and the transmission nut drives the phase shifter to make a linear movement.
  • the number of teeth of the turbine and/or the number of heads of the worm are adjusted so that when the starting point of the transmission nut on the transmission screw moves to the end of the movement, the The number of rotations of the transmission screw is smaller than the ratio of the number of teeth of the worm wheel to the number of heads of the worm.
  • the driving member is a worm
  • the driven gear is a helical gear
  • the worm is provided with at least one helix
  • the helical gear is provided with a plurality of helical teeth, so The helix of the worm and the helical teeth of the worm gear mesh with each other.
  • the driving member is a driving spur gear
  • the driven gear is a driven spur gear
  • the driving spur gear meshes with the driven spur gear
  • the antenna is a multi-frequency electrically adjustable antenna of a base station.
  • the present invention also provides an antenna of the downward tilt angle display device with the above antenna.
  • the deceleration mechanism of the downward tilt angle display device of the antenna of the present invention includes a driving member and a driven gear.
  • the dial is fixed on the driven gear; when the driving screw rotates, the phase shifter is driven to move linearly, and at the same time, the driving member is driven to rotate.
  • the driven gear and the dial rotate, and the current scale of the dial corresponds to the current angle of the antenna's downtilt.
  • the linear motion of the phase shifter is converted to the rotary motion of the dial, so as to realize the high-precision display of the downward tilt angle of the antenna.
  • the self-rotating dynamic display mode can reduce the occupation of the antenna space, is conducive to the product layout design, and can eliminate the risk of fracture and low temperature freezing.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for displaying the downtilt angle of phase shifters with different strokes of a multi-frequency electrically adjustable antenna.
  • Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a downward tilt angle display device and a driving screw of a preferred antenna of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the downtilt angle display device, the transmission screw and the phase shifter of the preferred antenna of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the downward tilt angle display device of the preferred antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the downtilt angle display device of the preferred antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the worm of the downtilt angle display device of the preferred antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the worm and the drive screw of the downtilt angle display device of the preferred antenna of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the dial of the downward tilt angle display device of the preferred antenna of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the end cover of the preferred antenna of the present invention.
  • references to "one embodiment”, “an embodiment”, “exemplary embodiment”, etc. in this specification mean that the described embodiment may include specific features, structures, or characteristics, but not every The embodiment must include these specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, such expressions do not refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when describing specific features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with embodiments, whether there is a clear description or not, it has been shown that combining such features, structures or characteristics into other embodiments is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. .
  • connection here includes any direct and indirect electrical connection means. Indirect electrical connection means include connection through other devices.
  • Figures 1 to 4 show the structure of the downward tilt angle display device of the preferred antenna of the present invention.
  • the downward tilt angle display device of the antenna includes a deceleration mechanism and a dial 20, and the deceleration mechanism includes a driving member 11 and at least A driven gear 12, a dial 20 is fixed on a surface of the driven gear 12, and the dial 20 preferably matches the shape of the driven gear 12.
  • the driving part 11 is connected with the driving screw 30. When the driving screw 30 rotates, the phase shifter 70 is driven to move linearly to adjust the downward tilt angle of the antenna.
  • the driving screw 30 simultaneously drives the driving part 11 to rotate, and the driving part 11 drives the driven gear 12 to rotate.
  • the rotation rate of the driven gear 12 is less than the rotation rate of the driving member 11, and the deceleration effect is achieved.
  • the dial 20 since the dial 20 is fixed on the driven gear 12, the dial 20 will rotate synchronously with the driven gear 12.
  • the current scale of the dial 20 is set to correspond to the current angle of the antenna's downtilt, that is, the dial 20
  • the current scale of the antenna can know the current angle of the antenna downtilt.
  • the driving member 11 of the deceleration mechanism is a worm 11 and the driven gear 12 is a worm gear 12.
  • the driven gear 12 may also be a plurality of worm gears 12 meshing with each other to form a multi-stage worm gear structure.
  • the worm 11 is provided with at least one helix 111
  • the worm wheel 12 is provided with a plurality of convex teeth 121
  • the helix 111 of the worm 11 and the convex teeth 121 mesh with each other.
  • the worm 11 can be integrally formed with the drive screw 30; or the worm 11 and the drive screw 30 can be formed separately, and the bottom of the worm 11 and the top of the drive screw 30 are connected to each other by screwing, clamping, sleeve connection, etc. .
  • the drive screw 30 is electrically connected with a motor 50, and the motor 50 serves as a power source for the drive screw 30.
  • a transmission nut 40 is screwed on the transmission screw 30, and the transmission nut 40 is connected to the phase shifter 70 through the connecting plate 60.
  • the drive screw 30 is an important component in the antenna system, and its main function is to provide power conversion for the phase shifter 70 to adjust the downtilt angle. Specifically, when the motor 50 drives the transmission screw 30 to rotate, the matching transmission nut 40 should also rotate, but because the transmission nut 40 is connected to the connecting plate 60 and the phase shifter 70 and other components, the transmission nut 40 cannot Do spinning exercises.
  • the force will be decomposed into a radial force and an axial force.
  • the axial force will push the transmission nut 40 to move linearly on the transmission screw 30, and then the transmission nut 40 drives the phase shifter 70 to move linearly.
  • the linear motion of the phase shifter 70 can adjust the downward tilt angle of the antenna.
  • the worm 11 is connected with the transmission screw 30.
  • the transmission screw 30 rotates, it will drive the phase shifter 70 to move linearly to adjust the downward tilt angle of the antenna.
  • the transmission screw 30 will simultaneously drive the worm.
  • the worm 11 drives the worm wheel 12 to rotate.
  • the rotation rate of the worm wheel 12 is lower than the rotation rate of the worm 11 to achieve a deceleration effect.
  • the dial 20 since the dial 20 is fixed on the worm wheel 12, the dial 20 rotates synchronously with the worm wheel 12.
  • the current scale of the dial 20 corresponds to the current angle of the downward tilt angle of the antenna.
  • the present invention utilizes the deceleration principle of the worm gear to convert the linear motion of the phase shifter 70 into the rotary motion of the dial 20 to realize the scale display of the downward tilt angle of the antenna.
  • the reduction ratio of the worm gear is the number of worms 11 (that is, the number of helix 111) divided by the number of teeth of the worm 12 (that is, the number of convex teeth 121). Generally, the number of worms 11 is 1 or 2. If the number of teeth is selected from 20 to 300, a large reduction ratio can be achieved.
  • the one with only one helix 111 on the worm 11 is called a single-head worm. At this time, the worm 11 makes one revolution and the worm wheel 12 rotates one tooth. If there are two spirals on the worm 11, it is called a double-headed worm. At this time, the worm 11 makes one revolution, and the worm wheel 12 rotates through two teeth, thereby achieving a significant deceleration effect.
  • the present invention is suitable for displaying the downtilt angle of various large-stroke phase shifters of multi-frequency electronically adjustable antennas, and realizes the high-precision scale display of the downtilt angle of the antenna through the method of linear motion to rotary motion, and the automatic rotation display mode reduces The occupation of space can avoid the risk of fracture and freezing at low temperature.
  • a manual adjustment interface 112 is preferably provided on the worm 11, and the installation and maintenance personnel can manually adjust it with a special tool.
  • the drive screw 30 is powered by the motor 50 to drive the drive nut 40 to move.
  • special tools can also be used to cooperate with the manual adjustment interface 112 of the worm 11.
  • the manual rotation of the manual adjustment interface 112 provides power for the worm 11, and the worm 11 drives the transmission screw 30 to rotate to realize manual operation. Adjust the downward tilt angle of the antenna.
  • the worm 11 can be directly connected to the motor 50 in the form of parasitic or gear transfer.
  • the dial 20 matches the shape of the worm wheel 12, that is, the dial 20 covers a surface of the worm wheel 12.
  • the dial 20 is provided with a plurality of flanges 22, the worm wheel 12 is provided with a plurality of through grooves 122 correspondingly, and the flange 22 of the dial 20 passes through the through grooves 122 of the worm wheel 12.
  • the dial 20 is clamped and fixed on a surface of the worm wheel 12.
  • the dial 20 can also be fixed on a surface of the worm wheel 12 by means of socketing or screwing.
  • the housing 120 of the antenna 100 is provided with a scale display hole 121.
  • the scale plate 20 is fixed in the housing 120 and is located at the scale display hole 121, and the current scale of the scale plate 20 is displayed through the scale display hole 121.
  • the middle position of the scale display hole 121 corresponds to the current scale of the dial 20.
  • the scale display hole 121 is provided on the end cover of the antenna 100.
  • a display scale 21 is provided on the scale 20, and the display scales 21 are distributed on the scale 20 at equal intervals on the circumference.
  • the size and range of the display scale 21 can be adjusted as required.
  • the current scale of the dial 20 is set to correspond to the current angle of the downtilt angle of the antenna, and the corresponding relationship between the two can be specifically obtained by conversion between the angle of the downtilt angle of the antenna and the rotation angle of the dial 20.
  • the worm wheel 12 can be installed when the downward inclination angle is a certain angle.
  • a positioning point is added to the worm wheel 12. When the dial 20 is installed, the positioning point can be used as the positioning reference to ensure that the current scale of the dial 20 is The current angle of the antenna's downtilt.
  • the housing 120 of the antenna 100 is provided with an adjustment hole 122, and the top of the worm 11 is provided with a manual adjustment interface 112.
  • the manual adjustment interface 112 is fixed in the housing 120 and is located at the adjustment hole 122.
  • a special tool is connected to the manual adjustment interface 112 in the adjustment hole 122 for manual adjustment. More preferably, the adjustment hole 122 is provided on the end cover of the antenna 100.
  • the present invention can adjust the number of teeth of the worm wheel 12 and/or the number of heads of the worm 11, so that when the starting point of the transmission nut 40 on the transmission screw 30 moves to the end of the movement, the number of rotations of the transmission screw 30 is smaller than that of the worm wheel 12.
  • the number of rotations of the drive screw 30 is greater than the ratio of the number of teeth of the worm wheel 12 to the number of heads of the worm 11, the number of teeth of the worm wheel 12 and/or the number of heads of the worm 11 can be adjusted to ensure that all degrees within a circle are displayed completely. That is, the number of heads of the worm 11 and the number of teeth of the worm wheel 12 can be adjusted to adjust the scale display range.
  • the downward tilt angle display device of the antenna includes a deceleration mechanism and a dial 20, the driving member 11 of the deceleration mechanism is a worm 11, and the driven gear 12 is at least one helical gear (not shown), namely The same function can also be achieved by replacing the worm wheel 12 with a helical gear.
  • the worm 11 is provided with at least one helix
  • the helical gear is provided with a plurality of helical teeth
  • the helix of the worm 11 and the helical teeth of the helical gear mesh with each other.
  • the dial 20 is fixed on a surface of the helical gear, and the dial 20 preferably matches the shape of the helical gear.
  • the worm 11 is connected with the transmission screw 30.
  • the transmission screw 30 When the transmission screw 30 rotates, it drives the phase shifter 70 to move linearly to adjust the downward tilt angle of the antenna.
  • the transmission screw 30 simultaneously drives the worm 11 to rotate, and the worm 11 drives the helical gear. Spin. Based on the deceleration principle of the helical gear, the rotation rate of the helical gear is smaller than the rotation rate of the worm 11 to achieve a deceleration effect.
  • the dial 20 since the dial 20 is fixed on the helical gear, the dial 20 rotates synchronously with the helical gear, and the current scale of the dial 20 corresponds to the current angle of the antenna downtilt.
  • the helical gear is used instead of the worm gear 12
  • the other components and principles of the downward tilt angle display device of the antenna are basically the same as the structure shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, so they will not be repeated here.
  • the downward tilt angle display device of the antenna includes a deceleration mechanism and a dial 20.
  • the driving member 11 of the deceleration mechanism is a driving spur gear
  • the driven gear 12 is at least one driven spur gear (not shown in the figure). )
  • the driving spur gear is fixed on the transmission screw 30, and the driving spur gear and the driven spur gear mesh with each other.
  • the ratio of the number of teeth of the driving spur gear to the number of teeth of the driven spur gear is the reduction ratio of the reduction mechanism.
  • the dial 20 is fixed on a surface of the driven spur gear, and the dial 20 preferably matches the shape of the driven spur gear.
  • the driving spur gear is connected with the driving screw 30.
  • the driving screw 30 When the driving screw 30 rotates, it drives the phase shifter 70 to move linearly to adjust the downward tilt angle of the antenna.
  • the driving screw 30 simultaneously drives the driving spur gear to rotate, which is driven by the driving spur gear.
  • the driven spur gear rotates, based on the deceleration principle of the reduction mechanism, the rotation rate of the driven spur gear is lower than the rotation rate of the driving spur gear, and the deceleration effect is realized.
  • the dial 20 since the dial 20 is fixed on the driven spur gear, the dial 20 rotates synchronously with the driven spur gear, and the current scale of the dial 20 corresponds to the current angle of the antenna downtilt.
  • the driving spur gear and the driven spur gear are used instead of the worm gear, the other components and principles of the downward tilt angle display device of the antenna are basically the same as the structure shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, so they are not described here.
  • the present invention also provides an antenna 100 of the downward tilt angle display device having the above antenna.
  • the antenna 100 is a multi-frequency electrically adjustable antenna of a base station.
  • the deceleration mechanism of the downward tilt angle display device of the antenna of the present invention includes a driving part and a driven gear.
  • the dial is fixed on the driven gear; when the transmission screw rotates, the phase shifter is driven to move linearly, and the driving part is simultaneously driven
  • the driving member drives the driven gear and the dial to rotate, and the current scale of the dial corresponds to the current angle of the antenna's downtilt.
  • the linear motion of the phase shifter is converted to the rotary motion of the dial, so as to realize the high-precision display of the downward tilt angle of the antenna.
  • the self-rotating dynamic display mode can reduce the occupation of the antenna space, is conducive to the product layout design, and can eliminate the risk of fracture and low temperature freezing.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for displaying the downtilt angle of phase shifters with different strokes of a multi-frequency electrically adjustable antenna.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种天线的下倾角显示装置，包括减速机构和刻度盘，所述减速机构包括相互啮合的主动件和至少一从动齿轮，所述刻度盘固定在所述从动齿轮的一表面上；所述主动件与传动螺杆连接，所述传动螺杆旋转时带动移相器做直线运动以调节天线的下倾角，所述传动螺杆同时带动所述主动件旋转，所述主动件带动所述从动齿轮旋转，所述从动齿轮带动所述刻度盘旋转，所述刻度盘的当前刻度与所述天线的下倾角的当前角度相对应。本发明还提供一种包括所述天线的下倾角显示装置的天线。借此，本发明通过直线运动变旋转运动的方式实现天线的下倾角的高精度显示，减少对空间的占用，有利于产品布局设计，同时能避免断裂和低温冻结的风险。

Description

天线的下倾角显示装置及天线 技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信基站的天线技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线的下倾角显示装置及天线。
背景技术
目前基站的多频电调天线应用越来越广泛，功能化模块也越来越多，对天线电下倾角精度要求越来越高，因此在天线设计时大行程的移相器在被广泛运用，同时大行程移相器带下倾角刻度显示的多频电调天线有更好的客户体验，可提升产品竞争力。但是，现有多频电调天线的下倾角显示方案不满足大行程移相器使用，且刻度尺需伸出端盖一定长度，有断裂和低温冻结的风险。同时，伸缩方案占用天线内部和端面大量空间，不利于产品布局设计。
综上可知，现有技术在实际使用上显然存在不便与缺陷，所以有必要加以改进
发明内容
针对上述的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种天线的下倾角显示装置及天线，其能够通过直线运动变旋转运动的方式实现天线的下倾角的高精度显示，同时能消除断裂和低温冻结的风险，减少对空间的占用，有利于产品布局设计。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种天线的下倾角显示装置，包括减速机构和刻度盘，所述减速机构包括相互啮合的主动件和至少一从动齿轮，所述刻度盘固定在所述从动齿轮的一表面上；所述主动件与传动螺杆连接，所述传动螺杆旋转时带动移相器做直线运动以调节天线的下倾角，所述传动螺杆同时带动所述主动件旋转，所述主动件带动所述从动齿轮旋转，所述从动齿轮带动所述刻度盘旋转，所述刻度盘的当前刻度与所述天线的下倾角的当前角度相对应。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角显示装置，所述主动件为蜗杆，所述从动齿轮为蜗轮；所述蜗杆设有至少一螺旋线，所述蜗轮设有多个凸齿，所述蜗杆的螺旋线与所述蜗轮的所述凸齿相互啮合。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角显示装置，所述天线的外壳上设有刻度显示 孔，所述刻度盘固定于所述外壳内且位于所述刻度显示孔处，通过刻度显示孔显示所述刻度盘的当前刻度；和/或
所述天线的外壳上设有调节孔，所述蜗杆的顶部设有手调接口，所述手调接口固定于所述外壳内且位于所述调节孔处。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角显示装置，所述蜗杆与所述传动螺杆一体成型；或者
所述蜗杆与所述传动螺杆分别独立成型，且所述蜗杆的底部与所述传动螺杆的顶部相互连接。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角显示装置，所述传动螺杆电性连接有电机，且所述传动螺杆上螺接有传动螺母，所述传动螺母通过连接板与所述移相器连接；所述电机驱动所述传动螺杆旋转时，带动所述传动螺母在所述传动螺杆上做直线运动，所述传动螺母带动所述移相器做直线运动。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角显示装置，调整所述涡轮的齿数和/或所述蜗杆的头数，使得所述传动螺母在所述传动螺杆上的运动起点移动到运动终点时，所述传动螺杆旋转的圈数小于所述蜗轮的齿数与所述蜗杆的头数的比值。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角显示装置，所述主动件为蜗杆，所述从动齿轮为斜齿轮；所述蜗杆设有至少一螺旋线，所述斜齿轮设有多个斜齿，所述蜗杆的所述螺旋线与所述蜗轮的所述斜齿相互啮合。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角显示装置，所述主动件为主动直齿轮，所述从动齿轮为从动直齿轮，所述主动直齿轮与所述从动直齿轮相互啮合。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角显示装置，所述天线为基站的多频电调天线。
本发明还提供一种具有上述天线的下倾角显示装置的天线。
本发明天线的下倾角显示装置的减速机构包括主动件和从动齿轮，刻度盘固定在从动齿轮上；传动螺杆旋转时带动移相器做直线运动，并同时带动主动件旋转，主动件带动从动齿轮和刻度盘旋转，刻度盘的当前刻度与天线的下倾角的当前角度相对应。借此，本发明通过移相器的直线运动转化到刻度盘的旋转运动，实现天线的下倾角的高精度显示。自旋转动显示方式可减少对天线空间的占用，有利于产品布局设计，而且能消除断裂和低温冻结的风险。本发明尤其适用多频电调天线的不同行程的移相器的下倾角显示。
附图说明
图1是本发明优选天线的下倾角显示装置与传动螺杆的立体示意图；
图2是本发明优选天线的下倾角显示装置、传动螺杆与移相器的立体示意图；
图3是本发明优选天线的下倾角显示装置的立体示意图；
图4是本发明优选天线的下倾角显示装置的分解示意图；
图5是本发明优选天线的下倾角显示装置的蜗杆的立体示意图；
图6是本发明优选天线的下倾角显示装置的蜗杆与传动螺杆的立体示意图；
图7是本发明优选天线的下倾角显示装置的刻度盘的立体示意图；以及
图8是本发明优选天线的端盖的立体示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
需要说明的，本说明书中针对“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“示例实施例”等的引用，指的是描述的该实施例可包括特定的特征、结构或特性，但是不是每个实施例必须包含这些特定特征、结构或特性。此外，这样的表述并非指的是同一个实施例。进一步，在结合实施例描述特定的特征、结构或特性时，不管有没有明确的描述，已经表明将这样的特征、结构或特性结合到其它实施例中是在本领域技术人员的知识范围内的。
此外，在说明书及后续的权利要求当中使用了某些词汇来指称特定组件或部件，所属领域中具有通常知识者应可理解，制造商可以用不同的名词或术语来称呼同一个组件或部件。本说明书及后续的权利要求并不以名称的差异来作为区分组件或部件的方式，而是以组件或部件在功能上的差异来作为区分的准则。在通篇说明书及后续的权利要求书中所提及的“包括”和“包含”为一开放式的用语，故应解释成“包含但不限定于”。以外，“连接”一词在此系包含任何直接及间接的电性连接手段。间接的电性连接手段包括通过其它装置进行连接。
图1～图4示出了本发明优选天线的下倾角显示装置的结构，所述天线的下倾角显示装置包括有减速机构和刻度盘20，所述减速机构包括相互啮合的主动 件11和至少一从动齿轮12，刻度盘20固定在从动齿轮12的一表面上，刻度盘20优选与从动齿轮12的形状相匹配。主动件11与传动螺杆30连接，传动螺杆30旋转时会带动移相器70做直线运动以调节天线的下倾角，传动螺杆30同时带动主动件11旋转，主动件11带动从动齿轮12旋转，基于减速机构的减速原理，从动齿轮12的旋转速率小于主动件11的旋转速率，实现减速效果。同时，由于刻度盘20固定在从动齿轮12上，刻度盘20会随从动齿轮12一起同步旋转，刻度盘20的当前刻度设置为与天线的下倾角的当前角度相对应，即通过刻度盘20的当前刻度便可得知天线的下倾角的当前角度。
本实施例中，减速机构的主动件11为蜗杆11，从动齿轮12为一个蜗轮12。实际上，从动齿轮12也可以为多个相互啮合的蜗轮12，形成多级蜗轮结构。如图3～6所示，所述蜗杆11设有至少一螺旋线111，所述蜗轮12设有多个凸齿121，所述蜗杆11的螺旋线111与凸齿121相互啮合。更进一步的是，蜗杆11可以与传动螺杆30一体成型；或者蜗杆11与传动螺杆30分别独立成型，且蜗杆11的底部与传动螺杆30的顶部通过螺接、卡接、套接等方式相互连接。
如图1和图2所示，传动螺杆30电性连接有电机50，电机50作为传动螺杆30的动力源。并且传动螺杆30上螺接有传动螺母40，传动螺母40通过连接板60与移相器70相连接。传动螺杆30是天线系统中的一个重要部件，主要功能是为移相器70调节下倾角提供动力转换。具体而言，电机50驱动传动螺杆30旋转时，与其配合的传动螺母40本应也会做旋转运动，但由于传动螺母40与连接板60和移相器70等部件相连，因此传动螺母40不能做旋转运动。此时，其受力将分解成一个径向力和一个轴向力，所述轴向力将推动传动螺母40在传动螺杆30上做直线运动，进而传动螺母40带动移相器70做直线运动，而移相器70做直线运动可实现对天线的下倾角的调节。
如图1和图2所示，蜗杆11与传动螺杆30连接，传动螺杆30旋转时一方面会带动移相器70做直线运动以调节天线的下倾角，另一方面传动螺杆30会同时带动蜗杆11旋转，蜗杆11带动蜗轮12旋转，基于蜗轮蜗杆的减速原理，蜗轮12的旋转速率小于蜗杆11的旋转速率，实现减速效果。同时，由于刻度盘20固定在蜗轮12上，刻度盘20随蜗轮12一起同步旋转，此时刻度盘20的当前刻度与天线的下倾角的当前角度相对应。
本发明利用蜗轮蜗杆的减速原理，将做移相器70的直线运动转化到刻度盘 20的旋转运动，实现天线的下倾角的刻度显示。蜗轮蜗杆的减速比为蜗杆11的头数(即螺旋线111的条数)除以蜗轮12的齿数(即凸齿121的个数)，一般蜗杆11的头数选择1或2条，蜗轮12的齿数选择20～300个，即可做到很大的减速比。蜗杆11上只有一条螺旋线111的称为单头蜗杆，此时蜗杆11转一周，蜗轮12转过一齿。若蜗杆11上有两条螺旋线的称为双头蜗杆，此时蜗杆11转一周，蜗轮12转过两个齿，从而实现大幅减速效果。
本发明适用多频电调天线的各种大行程移相器的下倾角显示，通过直线运动变旋转运动的方式，实现天线的下倾角的高精度的刻度显示，同时自旋转动显示方式减少了对空间的占用，又能够避免断裂和低温冻结的风险。
如图5所示，蜗杆11上优选设置有手调接口112，安装维护人员可以通过特制工具进行手动调节。一般地，传动螺杆30由电机50提供动力带动传动螺母40运动。但在无电环境等其他需要手动调节的情形，也可以通过特殊工具与蜗杆11的手调接口112配合，手动旋转手调接口112为蜗杆11提供动力，蜗杆11带动传动螺杆30旋转，实现手动调节天线的下倾角。当然，蜗杆11可以通过寄生或齿轮转接的形式与电机50直接连接。
优选的是，刻度盘20与蜗轮12的形状相匹配，即刻度盘20覆盖设于蜗轮12的一个表面上。如图4所示，所述刻度盘20上设有多个凸缘22，所述蜗轮12上对应设有多个通槽122，刻度盘20的凸缘22穿过蜗轮12的通槽122，使得刻度盘20卡接固定在蜗轮12的一表面上。当然，刻度盘20也可以通过套接、螺接等方式固定在蜗轮12的一表面上。
如图8所示，天线100的外壳120上设有刻度显示孔121，刻度盘20固定于外壳120内且位于刻度显示孔121处，通过刻度显示孔121显示刻度盘20的当前刻度。优选的是，刻度显示孔121的中间位置对应刻度盘20的当前刻度。更好的是，刻度显示孔121设置在天线100的端盖上。
如图7所示，刻度盘20上提供显示刻度21，显示刻度21圆周等间距分布在刻度盘20上，显示刻度21显示的大小和范围可以根据需要调整。刻度盘20的当前刻度被设置为与天线的下倾角的当前角度相对应，两者对应关系具体可通过天线的下倾角的角度与刻度盘20的旋转角度的关系等换算得出。例如通过设定可以让蜗轮12在下倾角度为某一角度时安装上去，同时再蜗轮12上增加一个定位点，安装刻度盘20时可以以定位点为定位基准来保证刻度盘20的当 前刻度为天线的下倾角的当前角度。
如图8所示，天线100的外壳120上设有调节孔122，蜗杆11的顶部设有手调接口112，手调接口112固定于外壳120内且位于调节孔122处，安装维护人员可以通过特制工具连接调节孔122中的手调接口112，进行手动调节。更好的是，调节孔122设置在天线100的端盖上。
优选的是，本发明可通过调整蜗轮12的齿数和/或蜗杆11的头数，使得传动螺母40在传动螺杆30上的运动起点移动到运动终点时，传动螺杆30旋转的圈数小于蜗轮12的齿数与蜗杆11的头数的比值，因为这样才能保证度数可以在一个圆周内完全显示。当传动螺杆30旋转的圈数大于蜗轮12的齿数与蜗杆11的头数的比值时，可以调整蜗轮12的齿数和/或蜗杆11的头数来保证一个圆周内完整的显示所有的度数。即可以调整蜗杆11的头数和蜗轮12的齿数来调整刻度显示的范围。
在本发明另一实施例中，天线的下倾角显示装置包括减速机构和刻度盘20，减速机构的主动件11为蜗杆11，从动齿轮12为至少一个斜齿轮(图中未示)，即用斜齿轮代替蜗轮12，也可以实现相同的功能。所述蜗杆11设有至少一螺旋线，所述斜齿轮设有多个斜齿，所述蜗杆11的螺旋线与斜齿轮的斜齿相互啮合。刻度盘20固定在斜齿轮的一表面上，刻度盘20优选与斜齿轮的形状相匹配。蜗杆11与传动螺杆30连接，传动螺杆30旋转时一方面会带动移相器70做直线运动以调节天线的下倾角，另一方面传动螺杆30会同时带动蜗杆11旋转，蜗杆11再带动斜齿轮旋转。基于斜齿轮的减速原理，斜齿轮的旋转速率小于蜗杆11的旋转速率，实现减速效果。同时，由于刻度盘20固定在斜齿轮上，刻度盘20随斜齿轮一起同步旋转，刻度盘20的当前刻度与天线的下倾角的当前角度相对应。除了用斜齿轮代替蜗轮12外，所述天线的下倾角显示装置的其他部件及原理与图1～图8所示的结构基本相同，故在此不做赘述。
在本发明又一实施例中，天线的下倾角显示装置包括减速机构和刻度盘20，减速机构的主动件11为主动直齿轮，从动齿轮12为至少一个从动直齿轮(图中未示)，所述主动直齿轮固定在传动螺杆30上，且主动直齿轮与从动直齿轮相互啮合。主动直齿轮的齿数与从动直齿轮的齿数之比即为减速机构的减速比。刻度盘20固定在从动直齿轮的一表面上，刻度盘20优选与从动直齿轮的形状相匹配。主动直齿轮与传动螺杆30连接，传动螺杆30旋转时一方面会带动移 相器70做直线运动以调节天线的下倾角，另一方面传动螺杆30会同时带动主动直齿轮旋转，主动直齿轮带动从动直齿轮旋转，基于减速机构的减速原理，从动直齿轮的旋转速率小于主动直齿轮的旋转速率，实现减速效果。同时，由于刻度盘20固定在从动直齿轮上，刻度盘20随从动直齿轮一起同步旋转，刻度盘20的当前刻度与天线的下倾角的当前角度相对应。除了用主动直齿轮和从动直齿轮代替蜗轮蜗杆外，所述天线的下倾角显示装置的其他部件及原理与图1～图8所示的结构基本相同，故在此不做赘述。
本发明还提供一种具有上述天线的下倾角显示装置的天线100。优选的是，所述天线100为基站的多频电调天线。
综上所述，本发明天线的下倾角显示装置的减速机构包括主动件和从动齿轮，刻度盘固定在从动齿轮上；传动螺杆旋转时带动移相器做直线运动，并同时带动主动件旋转，主动件带动从动齿轮和刻度盘旋转，刻度盘的当前刻度与天线的下倾角的当前角度相对应。借此，本发明通过移相器的直线运动转化到刻度盘的旋转运动，实现天线的下倾角的高精度显示。自旋转动显示方式可减少对天线空间的占用，有利于产品布局设计，而且能消除断裂和低温冻结的风险。本发明尤其适用多频电调天线的不同行程的移相器的下倾角显示。
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种天线的下倾角显示装置，其特征在于，包括减速机构和刻度盘，所述减速机构包括相互啮合的主动件和至少一从动齿轮，所述刻度盘固定在所述从动齿轮的一表面上；所述主动件与传动螺杆连接，所述传动螺杆旋转时带动移相器做直线运动以调节天线的下倾角，所述传动螺杆同时带动所述主动件旋转，所述主动件带动所述从动齿轮旋转，所述从动齿轮带动所述刻度盘旋转，所述刻度盘的当前刻度与所述天线的下倾角的当前角度相对应。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述天线的下倾角显示装置，其特征在于，所述主动件为蜗杆，所述从动齿轮为蜗轮；所述蜗杆设有至少一螺旋线，所述蜗轮设有多个凸齿，所述蜗杆的螺旋线与所述蜗轮的所述凸齿相互啮合。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述天线的下倾角显示装置，其特征在于，所述天线的外壳上设有刻度显示孔，所述刻度盘固定于所述外壳内且位于所述刻度显示孔处，通过刻度显示孔显示所述刻度盘的当前刻度；和/或
    所述天线的外壳上设有调节孔，所述蜗杆的顶部设有手调接口，所述手调接口固定于所述外壳内且位于所述调节孔处。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述天线的下倾角显示装置，其特征在于，所述蜗杆与所述传动螺杆一体成型；或者
    所述蜗杆与所述传动螺杆分别独立成型，且所述蜗杆的底部与所述传动螺杆的顶部相互连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述天线的下倾角显示装置，其特征在于，所述传动螺杆电性连接有电机，且所述传动螺杆上螺接有传动螺母，所述传动螺母通过连接板与所述移相器连接；所述电机驱动所述传动螺杆旋转时，带动所述传动螺母在所述传动螺杆上做直线运动，所述传动螺母带动所述移相器做直线运动。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述天线的下倾角显示装置，其特征在于，调整所述涡轮的齿数和/或所述蜗杆的头数，使得所述传动螺母在所述传动螺杆上的运动起点移动到运动终点时，所述传动螺杆旋转的圈数小于所述蜗轮的齿数与所述蜗杆的头数的比值。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述天线的下倾角显示装置，其特征在于，所述主动件为蜗杆，所述从动齿轮为斜齿轮；所述蜗杆设有至少一螺旋线，所述斜齿轮设有多个斜齿，所述蜗杆的所述螺旋线与所述蜗轮的所述斜齿相互啮合。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述天线的下倾角显示装置，其特征在于，所述主动件为主动直齿轮，所述从动齿轮为从动直齿轮，所述主动直齿轮与所述从动直齿轮相互啮合。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述天线的下倾角显示装置，其特征在于，所述天线为基站的多频电调天线。
  10. 一种具有如权利要求1～9任一项所述天线的下倾角显示装置的天线。
PCT/CN2019/109941 2019-03-29 2019-10-08 天线的下倾角显示装置及天线 WO2020199547A1 (zh)

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WO2021243606A1 (zh) * 2020-06-03 2021-12-09 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 移相装置及天线
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