WO2021227563A1 - 天线的下倾角调节装置及天线 - Google Patents

天线的下倾角调节装置及天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021227563A1
WO2021227563A1 PCT/CN2021/073887 CN2021073887W WO2021227563A1 WO 2021227563 A1 WO2021227563 A1 WO 2021227563A1 CN 2021073887 W CN2021073887 W CN 2021073887W WO 2021227563 A1 WO2021227563 A1 WO 2021227563A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
transmission
shift
antenna
motor
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PCT/CN2021/073887
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓少锋
蔡娟
罗经崔
孔唯同
管超
Original Assignee
摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司
摩比科技（深圳）有限公司
摩比通讯技术（吉安）有限公司
摩比科技(西安)有限公司
深圳市晟煜智慧科技网络有限公司
西安摩比天线技术工程有限公司
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Application filed by 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司, 摩比科技（深圳）有限公司, 摩比通讯技术（吉安）有限公司, 摩比科技(西安)有限公司, 深圳市晟煜智慧科技网络有限公司, 西安摩比天线技术工程有限公司 filed Critical 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司
Publication of WO2021227563A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021227563A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication base station antennas, in particular to an antenna downtilt angle adjustment device and an antenna.
  • the mobile antenna As the terminal of the mobile communication network, the mobile antenna carries the dual functions of electromagnetic wave transmission and reception, that is, the carrier of mobile communication signal transmission. The quality of its application directly determines the quality of the mobile communication network.
  • the electrically adjustable antenna is a mobile antenna that uses electronic adjustment of the downtilt angle. Because the electrically adjustable antenna can reduce call loss, reduce interference, and has high accuracy in adjusting the downtilt angle, it is widely used in mobile communication base stations.
  • the downtilt angle of the communication antenna of the base station needs to be adjusted reasonably.
  • the electrical downtilt angle is to continuously adjust the antenna feed network through the phase shifter, which is the key component of the antenna, to continuously change the phase of each element in the antenna array, so as to achieve the continuous electrical downtilt angle of the antenna under the premise that the physical position of the antenna remains unchanged. adjust.
  • each phase shifter needs to be equipped with an independent transmission and drive motor.
  • the phase shifter in the antenna is driven by a transmission device, which will be equipped with a set of drive motors.
  • a transmission device which will be equipped with a set of drive motors.
  • Multiple sets of drive motors occupy a large space, are complicated to connect with the transmission device, and are complicated to install and disassemble, which is very inconvenient to use.
  • the motor fails, the entire antenna needs to be dismantled and repaired, which not only affects the use of the antenna, but also costs a lot and reduces work efficiency.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an antenna downtilt angle adjustment device and antenna, which can be installed and disassembled quickly, and can reduce the volume of the antenna, facilitate antenna layout and reduce manufacturing costs.
  • the present invention provides a downward tilt angle adjustment device of an antenna, including a motor module and a transmission module, the motor module is detachably connected inside the transmission module; the motor module includes a shift motor and an electric motor Adjusting the motor; the transmission module includes a fixed structure and a shift component and a plurality of transmission components respectively fixed on the fixed structure;
  • the shift assembly includes a drive gear, a driven gear, a shift gear disk, and a shift gear shaft; the shift gear disk and the shift gear shaft mesh with each other and are respectively fixed on the fixed structure, so The driving gear and the driven gear mesh with each other and are respectively fixed on the shift gear plate, the shift gear shaft is driven by the shift motor, and the drive gear is driven by the ESC motor;
  • Each transmission assembly includes a transmission gear, a transmission screw, a transmission nut and a transfer gear; the transmission gear and the transfer gear mesh with each other and are respectively fixed on the transmission screw, the transmission nut and the The transmission screw is screwed and matched, and a plurality of the transmission gears are distributed around the shift gear plate of the shift assembly at a predetermined angle;
  • the shift motor drives the shift gear shaft to rotate, it drives the shift gear disk to make a circular motion, and then drives the driven gear on the shift gear disk to make planetary motions, so that the driven
  • the gear selectively meshes with the transfer gear of one of the transmission components
  • the ESC motor drives the driving gear to rotate, it sequentially drives the driven gear, the transfer gear, the transmission gear, and the corresponding transmission screw that mesh with each other to rotate, so that the corresponding transmission nut
  • the electric adjustment is carried out by linear movement along the transmission screw.
  • each of the transmission components further includes a guide shaft parallel to the transmission screw, the fixing structure is provided with a slot hole that cooperates with the guide shaft, and The transmission nut and the guide shaft are connected to each other.
  • one end of the transmission screw is provided with the transmission gear
  • the middle of the transmission screw is provided with the transmission nut
  • the other end of the transmission screw is provided with a worm feature
  • the transmission assembly also includes a helical gear and a circular angle scale mounted on the helical gear, the helical gear is matched with the characteristic thread of the worm, and when the transmission screw rotates, the helical gear and the The circular angle ruler rotates.
  • the number of frequency gears of the transmission component and the antenna are equal, and each transmission component corresponds to one of the frequency gears.
  • the shift gear plate and the drive gear are arranged on a concentric shaft.
  • the fixing structure includes a cover plate and a support base that are fixed to each other; the shift assembly and the transmission assembly of the transmission module are axially fixed on the cover plate, respectively In the upper part, the motor module is fixed on the support base.
  • the transmission module is provided with a shift interface and an electronic adjustment interface, and the shift interface is respectively detachably connected to the shift motor and the shift gear shaft
  • the ESC interface is detachably connected with the ESC motor and the drive gear.
  • the shift interface, the ESC interface and the adapter gear are fixed on the support base.
  • the shift component further includes a baffle and a gear plate cover; the baffle connects the shift interface, the ESC interface, and the shift gear The shaft and the transfer gear are fixed on the support base; the gear plate cover plate limits the driven gear on the shift gear plate so that the driven gear and the drive gear are mutually Meshing.
  • the present invention also provides an antenna including any one of the downtilt angle adjusting devices.
  • the motor module and the transmission module of the downward tilt angle adjusting device of the present invention adopt a detachable connection mode, so the installation and disassembly are relatively quick and convenient.
  • the motor module When the motor module is abnormal, it only needs to be unplugged from the downward inclination adjustment device for maintenance or replacement, without disassembling the antenna, which greatly reduces the maintenance cost in the later period.
  • the shifting assembly of the transmission module includes a driving gear, a driven gear, a shift gear disk, and a shift gear shaft; the shift gear disk and the shift gear shaft mesh with each other and are respectively fixed on a fixed structure, The driving gear and the driven gear mesh with each other and are respectively fixed on the shift gear disk; when the shift gear shaft rotates, the shift gear disk is driven to make a circular motion, which in turn drives the driven gear on the shift gear disk to perform planetary motion, so that The driven gear selectively meshes with the transfer gear of one of the transmission components.
  • the invention can drive multiple transmission components through one motor module and one gear shift component.
  • the gear shifting component can realize the meshing of the gear shifting gear shaft and the transmission gears in different positions through the shifting movement of the shifting gear plate and the shifting gear shaft. Only by increasing the gear position, the multi-band antenna can be completed by a shifting component.
  • the downward tilt adjustment eliminates the need to install multiple sets of motors and transmissions in the antenna, which can reduce the size of the antenna, facilitate antenna layout and reduce manufacturing costs.
  • the angle display device of the downward tilt angle adjusting device of the present invention can display the ESC downward tilt angle scale in real time, and its rotating working mode does not occupy extra space.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the downtilt angle adjusting device of the antenna of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor module of the downward tilt angle adjusting device of the antenna of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission module of the downward tilt angle adjustment device of the antenna of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the shifting assembly of the downtilt angle adjusting device of the antenna of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is the second structural diagram of the shifting assembly of the downtilt angle adjusting device of the antenna of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is the third structural diagram of the shifting component of the downtilt angle adjusting device of the antenna of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission assembly of the downward tilt angle adjusting device of the antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the angle display device of the downtilt angle adjusting device of the antenna of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of the downtilt angle adjusting device of the antenna of the present invention and the use state of the antenna.
  • Downward angle adjustment device 1 Motor module 11; Shift motor 111;
  • Shift assembly 122 baffle 1221; gear plate cover 1222;
  • Circular angle ruler 125 Shift interface 126; ESC interface 127;
  • references to "one embodiment”, “an embodiment”, “exemplary embodiment”, etc. in this specification mean that the described embodiment may include specific features, structures, or characteristics, but not every The embodiment must include these specific features, structures, or characteristics. In addition, such expressions do not refer to the same embodiment. Further, when describing specific features, structures or characteristics in conjunction with embodiments, whether there is a clear description or not, it has been shown that combining such features, structures or characteristics into other embodiments is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. .
  • connection here includes any direct and indirect electrical connection means. Indirect electrical connection means include connection through other devices.
  • FIGS. 1-9 show the preferred structure of the downward tilt angle adjustment device of the antenna of the present invention.
  • the downward tilt angle adjustment device 1 includes a motor module 11 and a transmission module 12, and the motor module 11 is detachably connected inside the transmission module 12.
  • the motor module 11 outputs power to drive the transmission module 12 to complete the downward tilt of the antenna.
  • the motor module 11 includes a shift motor 111 and an ESC motor 112.
  • the two motors work independently and respectively provide power to the transmission module 12 without interfering with each other.
  • the transmission module 12 includes a fixed structure, a shift assembly 122 and a plurality of transmission assemblies 123 respectively fixed on the fixed structure.
  • the fixing structure preferably includes a cover 121 and a supporting seat 124 fixed to each other.
  • the shift component 122 and the transmission component 123 of the transmission module 12 are respectively axially fixed on the cover 121 by a circlip 128, and the motor module 11 is fixed on the support base 124.
  • the number of the frequency gears of the transmission component 123 and the antenna of the present invention is equal, and each transmission component 123 corresponds to a frequency gear.
  • the antenna in this embodiment has six frequency gears, which can be used to adjust the six-frequency antenna, and the transmission module 12 includes six sets of transmission components 123 accordingly.
  • the antenna can also be provided with two, three, four, five, seven or more frequency gears and corresponding transmission components 123 according to actual needs.
  • the shift assembly 122 includes a driving gear 1226, a driven gear 1227, a shift gear plate 1224 and a shift gear shaft 1225.
  • the shift gear plate 1224 and the shift gear shaft 1225 mesh with each other and are respectively fixed on the fixed structure.
  • the drive gear 1226 and the driven gear 1227 mesh with each other and are respectively fixed on the shift gear plate 1224.
  • the shift gear shaft 1225 is shifted by the shift gear.
  • the motor 111 is driven, and the driving gear 1226 is driven by the ESC 112.
  • the shift gear plate 1224 and the drive gear 1226 are arranged on a concentric shaft.
  • each transmission assembly 123 includes a transmission gear 1232, a transmission screw 1234, a transmission nut 1233 and a transfer gear 1223.
  • the transmission gear 1232 and the transfer gear 1223 mesh with each other and are respectively fixed on the transmission screw 1234.
  • the transmission nut 1233 is screwed and matched with the transmission screw 1234.
  • a plurality of transmission gears 1232 are distributed at a predetermined angle on the shift gear plate 1224 of the shift assembly 122.
  • the six transmission gears 1232 are circumferentially arranged on the shift movement stroke of the shift gear plate 1224 in a predetermined angular relationship.
  • the six transmission gears 1232 of the six sets of transmission components 123 are evenly distributed around the shift component 122 according to a set predetermined angle, and can be indirectly meshed with the driven gear 1227 through the adapter gear 1223; when the shift interface 126 When the shift gear shaft 1225 meshed with it is driven to make a circular motion, the gear on the shift gear shaft 1225 will drive the gear on the shift gear plate 1224 to move together, thereby driving the driven gear 1227 to make planetary motion.
  • the shift gear shaft 1225 is driven by the shift motor 111 to perform a shift movement.
  • the shift motor 111 drives the shift gear shaft 1225 to rotate, it drives the shift gear disk 1224 meshed with the shift gear shaft 1225 to make a circular motion, and then drives the driven gear 1227 installed on the shift gear disk 1224 to make a circular motion.
  • Planetary motion ie, circular motion
  • the driven gear 1227 selectively meshes with the transfer gear 1223 of one of the transmission components 123.
  • the driving gear 1226 is driven to rotate by the ESC 112.
  • the ESC motor 112 drives the drive gear 1226 to rotate, it sequentially drives the driven gear 1227, the transfer gear 1223, the transmission gear 1232 and the corresponding transmission screw 1234 that mesh with each other to rotate, so that the corresponding transmission nut 1233 moves linearly along the transmission screw 1234.
  • the ESC motor 112 drives the driving gear 1226 to make a circular motion
  • the driving gear 1226 rotates to drive the meshing driven gear 1227 to rotate
  • the rotating driven gear 1227 drives the meshing adapter gear 1223 to rotate
  • the rotating adapter gear 1223 drives the meshing transmission gear 1232 to rotate
  • the rotating transmission gear 1232 drives the transmission screw 1234 to rotate. Due to the screw connection between the transmission nut 1233 and the transmission screw 1234, the transmission nut 1233 can move linearly along the transmission screw 1234.
  • the downward tilt angle adjusting device 1 of the present invention can drive a plurality of transmission components 123 to move through a motor module 11 and a shift component 122, thereby completing the electrical adjustment of the multi-frequency antenna by the phase shifter.
  • the phase shifter continuously adjusts the antenna feed network and continuously changes the phase of each element in the antenna array.
  • the present invention adopts the principle of planetary gears.
  • the driven gear 1227 mounted on the shift gear plate 1224 (that is, the sun gear) can move circularly with the shift gear plate 1224, and the driven gear 1227 is concentric with the shift gear plate 1224 at the same time.
  • the driving gear 1226 meshes, and the transmission screw 1234 with the transfer gear 1223 is evenly distributed around the shift gear plate 1224 at a certain angle.
  • the shift gear plate 1224 can rotate the driven gear 1227 to the meshing position with the adapter gear 1223 according to the set rotation angle, so that the driving gear 1226 can drive the adapter gear 1223 to move, and finally drive the transmission screw 1234 to move, and the transmission nut 1233
  • the connected guide shaft 1231 provides a guiding function for the movement of the transmission nut 1233, and also provides the ability to transfer the phase shifter; and, the shift gear shaft 1225 and the drive gear 1226 have an interface that can be connected to the motor module 11.
  • the advantages of the downward tilt angle adjusting device 1 of the present invention include at least:
  • the motor module 11 and the transmission module 12 of the present invention are detachably connected, and the installation and disassembly of the entire downward tilt angle adjustment device 1 are relatively quick.
  • the motor module 11 is abnormal, only need to unplug it from the entire device for maintenance Or replacement, no need to disassemble the antenna, which greatly reduces the maintenance cost in the later period.
  • the present invention can realize the meshing of the shift gear shaft 1225 and the transmission gear 1232 at different positions through the shift movement of the shift gear plate 1224 and the shift gear shaft 1225, only by increasing the gear position, through a shift assembly 122
  • the downtilt adjustment of the multi-band antenna can be completed without installing multiple sets of motors and transmission devices in the antenna, which can reduce the size of the antenna, facilitate antenna layout and reduce manufacturing costs.
  • the downward tilt adjustment device 1 of the present invention preferably includes a guide parallel to the transmission screw 1234.
  • the shaft 1231 is provided with a slot hole matching the guide shaft 1231 on the fixing structure, and the transmission nut 1233 and the guide shaft 1231 are connected to each other.
  • the fixing structure preferably includes a cover 121 and a supporting seat 124 that are fixed to each other.
  • the cover plate 121 and the support base 124 are provided with slots matching the guide shaft 1231, so that the guide shaft 1231 can move linearly between the cover plate 121 and the support base 124.
  • the downtilt angle adjusting device 1 of the present invention is still applicable. It only needs to increase or decrease the gear according to the frequency of the antenna to be adjusted, and increase or decrease the number of transmission components 123 accordingly. .
  • One motor module 11 and a set of shifting components 122 can drive the movement of multiple sets of transmission components 123, thereby completing the electrical adjustment of the multi-frequency antenna by the phase shifter.
  • the transmission assembly 123 further includes an angle display device, as shown in FIG. 7, the angle display device includes a worm feature, a helical gear 1235 and a circular angle scale 125.
  • the angle display device includes a worm feature, a helical gear 1235 and a circular angle scale 125.
  • One end of the transmission screw 1234 is provided with a transmission gear 1232, the middle of the transmission screw 1234 is provided with a transmission nut 1233, and the other end of the transmission screw 1234 is provided with a worm feature.
  • the transmission assembly 123 also includes a helical gear 1235 and a circular angle scale 125 mounted on the helical gear 1235.
  • the helical gear 1235 is matched with the characteristic thread of the worm. When the transmission screw 1234 rotates, it drives the helical gear 1235 and the circular angle scale 125 to rotate.
  • the circular angle ruler 125 can display the ESC downward inclination in real time.
  • the angle display device of the downward inclination angle adjusting device of the present invention can display the ESC downward inclination angle scale in real time, and its rotating working mode does not occupy extra space.
  • the transmission module 12 is provided with a shift interface 126 and an ESC interface 127.
  • the shift interface 126 is detachably connected to the shift motor 111 and the shift gear shaft 1225, preferably plug-in connection.
  • the ESC interface 127 is detachably connected with the ESC motor 112 and the driving gear 1226 respectively.
  • the shift interface 126, the ESC interface 127 and the adapter gear 1223 are fixed on the support base 124.
  • the shift interface 126 and the ESC interface 127 are installed between the cover 121 and the support base 124.
  • the shift component 122 further includes a baffle 1221 and a gear plate cover 1222.
  • the baffle 1221 fixes the shift interface 126, the ESC interface 127, the shift gear shaft 1225 and the adapter gear 1223 on the support base 124.
  • the gear plate cover 1222 is limited to the driven gear 1227 on the shift gear plate 1224, so that the driven gear 1227 and the drive gear 1226 mesh with each other.
  • the entire adjusting device can be assembled simply and quickly. And when the motor module 11 is abnormal and cannot work normally, as shown in Figure 9, just unplug the damaged motor module 11 from the transmission module 12 built in the antenna and replace it with a new motor module 11 without disassembly.
  • the antenna 2 greatly reduces the maintenance cost in the later period, and also reduces the damage to the antenna 2.
  • the present invention also provides an antenna 2 including the downtilt angle adjusting device 1 as shown in FIGS. 1-9.
  • the motor module and the transmission module of the downward tilt angle adjusting device of the present invention adopt a detachable connection mode, so the installation and disassembly are relatively quick and convenient.
  • the motor module When the motor module is abnormal, it only needs to be unplugged from the downward inclination adjustment device for maintenance or replacement, without disassembling the antenna, which greatly reduces the maintenance cost in the later period.
  • the shifting assembly of the transmission module includes a driving gear, a driven gear, a shift gear disk, and a shift gear shaft; the shift gear disk and the shift gear shaft mesh with each other and are respectively fixed on a fixed structure, The driving gear and the driven gear mesh with each other and are respectively fixed on the shift gear disk; when the shift gear shaft rotates, the shift gear disk is driven to make a circular motion, which in turn drives the driven gear on the shift gear disk to perform planetary motion, so that The driven gear selectively meshes with the transfer gear of one of the transmission components.
  • the invention can drive multiple transmission components through one motor module and one gear shift component.
  • the gear shifting component can realize the meshing of the gear shifting gear shaft and the transmission gears in different positions through the shifting movement of the shifting gear plate and the shifting gear shaft. Only by increasing the gear position, the multi-band antenna can be completed by a shifting component.
  • the downward tilt adjustment eliminates the need to install multiple sets of motors and transmissions in the antenna, which can reduce the size of the antenna, facilitate antenna layout and reduce manufacturing costs.
  • the angle display device of the downward tilt angle adjusting device of the present invention can display the ESC downward tilt angle scale in real time, and its rotating working mode does not occupy extra space.

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Abstract

提供了一种天线的下倾角调节装置及天线，包括相互可拆卸式连接的传动模块和电机模块。传动模块包括有固定结构、换挡组件和多个传动组件。换挡组件包括有驱动齿轮、从动齿轮、换挡齿轮盘和换挡齿轮轴；每个传动组件包括有传动齿轮、传动螺杆、传动螺母和转接齿轮。换挡齿轮轴旋转时，带动换挡齿轮盘做圆周运动，进而带动换挡齿轮盘上的从动齿轮做行星运动，使得从动齿轮选择性地与其中一个转接齿轮啮合；驱动齿轮旋转时，依次带动相互啮合的从动齿轮、转接齿轮、传动齿轮及相应的传动螺杆旋转，使对应的传动螺母沿传动螺杆直线运动进行电调。借此，本申请下倾角调节装置的安装和拆卸快捷，并且可缩减天线的体积，方便天线布局并降低制造成本。

Description

天线的下倾角调节装置及天线 技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信基站天线技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线的下倾角调节装置及天线。
背景技术
移动天线作为移动通信网络的终端，承载了电磁波发射与接收的双重功能，即移动通信信号传递的载体，其应用效果的好坏直接决定了移动通信网络的优劣。其中，电调天线是使用电子调整下倾角度的移动天线，由于电调天线能够降低呼损，减少干扰，并且调整下倾角的精度较高，因此在移动通信基站被广泛应用。
在移动通信系统中，为优化服务的地区覆盖的无线信号，同时为了抑制同频信号的相互干扰，需要对基站通信天线的下倾角进行合理地调整。电调下倾角是通过作为天线关键器件的移相器，连续调整天线馈电网络，连续改变天线阵列中各振子的相位，从而在天线物理位置不变的前提下，实现天线电下倾角的连续调节。
目前基站多频电调天线应用越来越广泛，多频段多端口电调天线应用日益增加，为实现多路移相器的下倾角调节，需每路移相器配备独立传动及驱动电机。天线中的移相器是由传动装置带动，传动装置都会配备一套驱动电机。对于2频以上的电调天线，一般需要配备多组电机来调整其下倾角。多组驱动电机占用的空间较大，与传动装置连接起来较为复杂，安装和拆卸复杂，使用很不方便。此外，如果电机发生故障时，需要将整个天线拆除维修，不仅影响天线的使用而且成本耗费大，降低工作效率。
综上可知，现有技术在实际使用上显然存在不便与缺陷，所以有必要加以改进。
发明内容
针对上述的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种天线的下倾角调节装置及天线，其安装和拆卸快捷，并且可缩减天线的体积，方便天线布局并降低制造成本。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种天线的下倾角调节装置，包括电机模块和传动模块，所述电机模块可拆卸连接在所述传动模块的内部；所述电机模块包括有换挡电机和电调电机；所述传动模块包括有固定结构以及分别固定于所述固定结构上的换挡组件和多个传动组件；
所述换挡组件包括有驱动齿轮、从动齿轮、换挡齿轮盘和换挡齿轮轴；所述换挡齿轮盘和所述换挡齿轮轴相互啮合并分别固定于所述固定结构上，所述驱动齿轮和所述从动齿轮相互啮合并分别固定于所述换挡齿轮盘上，所述换挡齿轮轴由所述换挡电机驱动，所述驱动齿轮由所述电调电机驱动；
每个所述传动组件包括有传动齿轮、传动螺杆、传动螺母和转接齿轮；所述传动齿轮和所述转接齿轮相互啮合并分别固定于所述传动螺杆上，所述传动螺母与所述传动螺杆螺接配合，多个所述传动齿轮按预定角度分布在所述换挡组件的所述换挡齿轮盘的周围；
所述换挡电机驱动所述换挡齿轮轴旋转时，带动所述换挡齿轮盘做圆周运动，进而带动所述换挡齿轮盘上的所述从动齿轮做行星运动，使得所述从动齿轮选择性地与其中一个所述传动组件的所述转接齿轮啮合；
所述电调电机驱动所述驱动齿轮旋转时，依次带动相互啮合的所述从动齿轮、所述转接齿轮、所述传动齿轮及相应的所述传动螺杆旋转，使对应的所述传动螺母沿所述传动螺杆直线运动进行电调。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角调节装置，每个所述传动组件还包括有与所述传动螺杆平行的导向轴，所述固定结构上设有与所述导向轴配合的槽孔，且所述传动螺母与所述导向轴相互连接。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角调节装置，，所述传动螺杆的一端设有所述传动齿轮，所述传动螺杆的中间设有所述传动螺母，所述传动螺杆的另一端设有蜗杆特征；所述传动组件还包括斜齿轮和安装于所述斜齿轮上的圆形角度标尺，所述斜齿轮与所述蜗杆特征螺纹配合，所述传动螺杆旋转时，带动所述斜齿轮和所述圆形角度标尺旋转运动。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角调节装置，所述传动组件和天线的频率档位的数量相等，每个所述传动组件对应一个所述频率档位。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角调节装置，所述换挡齿轮盘与所述驱动齿轮为同心轴设置。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角调节装置，所述固定结构包括相互固定的盖 板和支撑座；所述传动模块的所述换挡组件和所述传动组件分别轴向固定在所述盖板上，所述电机模块固定在所述支撑座上。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角调节装置，所述传动模块上设有换挡接口、电调接口，所述换挡接口分别与所述换挡电机和所述换挡齿轮轴可拆卸式连接；所述电调接口分别与所述电调电机和所述驱动齿轮可拆卸式连接。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角调节装置，所述换挡接口、所述电调接口和所述转接齿轮固定于所述支撑座上。
根据本发明所述天线的下倾角调节装置，所述换挡组件还包括有挡板和齿轮盘盖板；所述挡板将所述换挡接口、所述电调接口、所述换挡齿轮轴及所述转接齿轮固定于所述支撑座上；所述齿轮盘盖板将所述从动齿轮向限位于所述换挡齿轮盘上，使所述从动齿轮和所述驱动齿轮相互啮合。
本发明还提供一种包括任一项所述下倾角调节装置的天线。
本发明下倾角调节装置的电机模块与传动模块采用可拆卸连接方式，因此安装和拆卸都比较快捷方便。当电机模块出现异常，只需将其从下倾角调节装置上拔下进行检修或更换，无需拆卸天线，大大降低了后期的维护成本。并且，所述传动模块的所述换挡组件包括有驱动齿轮、从动齿轮、换挡齿轮盘和换挡齿轮轴；换挡齿轮盘和换挡齿轮轴相互啮合并分别固定于固定结构上，驱动齿轮和从动齿轮相互啮合并分别固定于换挡齿轮盘上；换挡齿轮轴旋转时，带动换挡齿轮盘做圆周运动，进而带动换挡齿轮盘上的从动齿轮做行星运动，使得从动齿轮选择性地与其中一个传动组件的转接齿轮啮合。本发明通过一个电机模块和一个换挡组件就能驱动多个传动组件。换挡组件通过换挡齿轮盘、换挡齿轮轴的换挡运动，可实现换挡齿轮轴与不同位置传动齿轮的啮合，只需增加档位，通过一个换挡组件即可完成多频段天线的下倾调节，无需在天线中安装多组电机和传动装置，可缩减天线的体积，方便天线布局并降低制造成本。另外，本发明下倾角调节装置的角度显示装置可实时显示电调下倾角刻度，其旋转的工作方式不占用多余空间。
附图说明
图1是本发明天线的下倾角调节装置的结构示意图；
图2是本发明天线的下倾角调节装置的电机模块的结构示意图；
图3是本发明天线的下倾角调节装置的传动模块的结构示意图；
图4是本发明天线的下倾角调节装置的换挡组件的结构示意图之一；
图5是本发明天线的下倾角调节装置的换挡组件的结构示意图之二；
图6是本发明天线的下倾角调节装置的换挡组件的结构示意图之三；
图7是本发明天线的下倾角调节装置的传动组件的结构示意图；
图8是本发明天线的下倾角调节装置的角度显示装置的结构示意图；
图9是本发明天线的下倾角调节装置及天线的使用状态的结构示意图。
附图标记：
下倾角调节装置1；   电机模块11；      换挡电机111；
电调电机112；       传动模块12；      盖板121；
换挡组件122；       挡板1221；        齿轮盘盖板1222；
转接齿轮1223；      换挡齿轮盘1224；  换挡齿轮轴1225；
驱动齿轮1226；      从动齿轮1227；    传动组件123；
导向轴1231；        传动齿轮1232；    传动螺母1233；
传动螺杆1234；      斜齿轮1235；      支撑座124；
圆形角度标尺125；   换挡接口126；     电调接口127；
卡簧128；           天线2。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
需要说明的，本说明书中针对“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“示例实施例”等的引用，指的是描述的该实施例可包括特定的特征、结构或特性，但是不是每个实施例必须包含这些特定特征、结构或特性。此外，这样的表述并非指的是同一个实施例。进一步，在结合实施例描述特定的特征、结构或特性时，不管有没有明确的描述，已经表明将这样的特征、结构或特性结合到其它实施例中是在本领域技术人员的知识范围内的。
此外，在说明书及后续的权利要求当中使用了某些词汇来指称特定组件或部件，所属领域中具有通常知识者应可理解，制造商可以用不同的名词或术语来称呼同一个组件或部件。本说明书及后续的权利要求并不以名称的差异来作为区分组件或部件的方式，而是以组件或部件在功能上的差异来作为区分的准则。在通篇说明书及后续的权利要求书中所提及的“包括”和“包含”为一开放式的用语，故应解释成“包含但不限定于”。以外，“连接”一词在此系包含任何直接及间接的电性连接手段。间接的电性连接手段包括通过其它装置进行连接。
图1～图9示出了本发明天线的下倾角调节装置的优选结构，所述下倾角调节装置1包括电机模块11和传动模块12，电机模块11可拆卸连接在传动模块12的内部。电机模块11输出动力，以驱动传动模块12完成天线的电调下倾。
如图2所示，电机模块11包括换挡电机111和电调电机112。两个电机独立工作，分别向传动模块12提供动力，互不干扰。
如图3所示，传动模块12包括有固定结构以及分别固定于固定结构上的换挡组件122和多个传动组件123。所述固定结构优选包括相互固定的盖板121和支撑座124。传动模块12的换挡组件122和传动组件123由卡簧128分别轴向固定在盖板121上，电机模块11固定在支撑座124上。本发明传动组件123和天线的频率档位的数量相等，每个传动组件123对应一个频率档位。优选的是，本实施中天线有六个频率档位，可用于调节六频的天线，传动模块12相应地包括六组传动组件123。显然可根据实际需求，天线还可以设有二个、三个、四个、五个、七个或更多个频率档位及对应的传动组件123。
如图4～图6所示，所述换挡组件122包括有驱动齿轮1226、从动齿轮1227、换挡齿轮盘1224和换挡齿轮轴1225。换挡齿轮盘1224和换挡齿轮轴1225相互啮合并分别固定于固定结构上，驱动齿轮1226和从动齿轮1227相互啮合并分别固定于换挡齿轮盘1224上，换挡齿轮轴1225由换挡电机111驱动，驱动齿轮1226由电调电机112驱动。优选的是，换挡齿轮盘1224与驱动齿轮1226为同心轴设置。
如图7所示，每个传动组件123包括有传动齿轮1232、传动螺杆1234、传动螺母1233和转接齿轮1223。传动齿轮1232和转接齿轮1223相互啮合并分别固定于传动螺杆1234上，传动螺母1233与传动螺杆1234螺接配合，多个传动齿轮1232按预定角度分布在换挡组件122的换挡齿轮盘1224的周围。本实施 例中，六个传动齿轮1232在换挡齿轮盘1224的换挡运动行程上按预定角度关系环绕布置。具体而言，六组传动组件123的六个传动齿轮1232根据设定好的预定角度均匀分布在换挡组件122四周，通过转接齿轮1223可与从动齿轮1227间接啮合；当换挡接口126驱动与其啮合的换挡齿轮轴1225做圆周运动时，换挡齿轮轴1225上的齿轮会驱动换挡齿轮盘1224上齿轮一起运动，从而带动从动齿轮1227做行星运动。
所述换挡齿轮轴1225由换挡电机111驱动进行换挡运动。所述换挡电机111驱动换挡齿轮轴1225旋转时，带动与换挡齿轮轴1225相啮合的换挡齿轮盘1224做圆周运动，进而带动安装在换挡齿轮盘1224上的从动齿轮1227做行星运动(即圆周运动)，从动齿轮1227运动到目标位置后，使得从动齿轮1227选择性地与其中一个传动组件123的转接齿轮1223啮合。
所述驱动齿轮1226由所述电调电机112驱动进行旋转。电调电机112驱动驱动齿轮1226旋转时，依次带动相互啮合的从动齿轮1227、转接齿轮1223、传动齿轮1232及相应的传动螺杆1234旋转，使对应的传动螺母1233沿传动螺杆1234直线运动进行电调。具体而言，电调电机112驱动驱动齿轮1226做圆周运动，驱动齿轮1226旋转带动相啮合的从动齿轮1227旋转，旋转的从动齿轮1227带动啮合的转接齿轮1223旋转，旋转的转接齿轮1223带动啮合的传动齿轮1232旋转，旋转的传动齿轮1232带动传动螺杆1234旋转，由于传动螺母1233与传动螺杆1234的螺接配合，传动螺母1233能沿传动螺杆1234直线运动。
本发明下倾角调节装置1通过一个电机模块11和一个换挡组件122就能驱动多个传动组件123的运动，从而完成移相器对多频天线的电调。所述移相器连续调整天线馈电网络，连续改变天线阵列中各振子的相位。
本发明采用利用行星齿轮原理，安装在换挡齿轮盘1224(即太阳齿轮)上的从动齿轮1227可随换挡齿轮盘1224做圆周运动，从动齿轮1227同时与换挡齿轮盘1224同心的驱动齿轮1226啮合，带有转接齿轮1223的传动螺杆1234按一定角度均布在换挡齿轮盘1224周围。换挡齿轮盘1224可按设定的旋转角度将从动齿轮1227旋转到与转接齿轮1223啮合位置，从而驱动齿轮1226可驱动转接齿轮1223运动，最终带动传动螺杆1234运动，与传动螺母1233连接的导向轴1231为传动螺母1233运动提供导向功能，同时还提供转接移相器的能力；并且，换挡齿轮轴1225与驱动齿轮1226有对接口可与电机模块11连接。
本发明下倾角调节装置1的优点至少包括：
(1)本发明的电机模块11与传动模块12是可拆卸连接，整个下倾角调节装置1安装和拆卸都比较快捷，当电机模块11出现异常，只需将其从整个装置上拔下进行检修或更换，无需拆卸天线，大大降低了后期的维护成本。
(2)本发明通过换挡齿轮盘1224、换挡齿轮轴1225的换挡运动，可实现换挡齿轮轴1225与不同位置传动齿轮1232的啮合，只需增加档位，通过一个换挡组件122即可完成多频段天线的下倾调节，无需在天线中安装多组电机和传动装置，可缩减天线的体积，方便天线布局并降低制造成本。
如图7所示，本发明下倾角调节装置1为了保证天线的电调精度，以及顺利引导传动螺母1233沿传动螺杆1234直线运动，优选每个传动组件123还包括有与传动螺杆1234平行的导向轴1231，固定结构上设有与导向轴1231配合的槽孔，且传动螺母1233与导向轴1231相互连接。更好的是，所述固定结构优选包括相互固定的盖板121和支撑座124。盖板121和支撑座124上有与导向轴1231配合的槽孔，使导向轴1231能够在盖板121和支撑座124之间做直线运动。
需要说明的是，对于其他频率的天线，本发明下倾角调节装置1仍可适用，只需根据待调节天线的频率，增加或减少档位，相应地增加或减少传动组件123的组数即可。通过一个电机模块11和一组换挡组件122就能驱动多组传动组件123的运动，从而完成移相器对多频天线的电调。
优选的是，传动组件123还包括角度显示装置，如图7所示，所述角度显示装置包括蜗杆特征、斜齿轮1235和圆形角度标尺125。所述传动螺杆1234的一端设有传动齿轮1232，传动螺杆1234的中间设有传动螺母1233，传动螺杆1234的另一端设有蜗杆特征。传动组件123还包括斜齿轮1235和安装于斜齿轮1235上的圆形角度标尺125，斜齿轮1235与蜗杆特征螺纹配合，传动螺杆1234旋转时，带动斜齿轮1235和圆形角度标尺125旋转运动，圆形角度标尺125可实时显示电调下倾角。本发明下倾角调节装置的角度显示装置可实时显示电调下倾角刻度，其旋转的工作方式不占用多余空间。
如图3所示，所述传动模块12上设有换挡接口126、电调接口127，换挡接口126分别与换挡电机111和换挡齿轮轴1225可拆卸式连接，优选为拔插连接。电调接口127分别与电调电机112和驱动齿轮1226可拆卸式连接。换挡接口126、电调接口127和转接齿轮1223固定于支撑座124上。优选的是，换挡接口126、电调接口127安装在盖板121和支撑座124中间。
如图4所示，为了便于换挡组件122的装配，以及在天线电调过程中换挡组件122整体的稳固性，所述换挡组件122还包括有挡板1221和齿轮盘盖板1222。挡板1221将换挡接口126、电调接口127、换挡齿轮轴1225及转接齿轮1223固定于支撑座124上。齿轮盘盖板1222将从动齿轮1227向限位于换挡齿轮盘1224上，使从动齿轮1227和驱动齿轮1226相互啮合。
本发明下倾角调节装置1由于电机模块11与传动模块12的插拔式连接，使整个调节装置能够简便快捷地装配。并且当电机模块11出现异常无法正常工作时，如图9所示，只需将损坏的电机模块11从内置于天线中的传动模块12上拔下，更换新的电机模块11即可，无需拆卸天线2，大大降低了后期的维护成本，也减少对天线2的破坏。
本发明还提供一种包括如图1～图9所示的下倾角调节装置1的天线2。
综上所述，本发明下倾角调节装置的电机模块与传动模块采用可拆卸连接方式，因此安装和拆卸都比较快捷方便。当电机模块出现异常，只需将其从下倾角调节装置上拔下进行检修或更换，无需拆卸天线，大大降低了后期的维护成本。并且，所述传动模块的所述换挡组件包括有驱动齿轮、从动齿轮、换挡齿轮盘和换挡齿轮轴；换挡齿轮盘和换挡齿轮轴相互啮合并分别固定于固定结构上，驱动齿轮和从动齿轮相互啮合并分别固定于换挡齿轮盘上；换挡齿轮轴旋转时，带动换挡齿轮盘做圆周运动，进而带动换挡齿轮盘上的从动齿轮做行星运动，使得从动齿轮选择性地与其中一个传动组件的转接齿轮啮合。本发明通过一个电机模块和一个换挡组件就能驱动多个传动组件。换挡组件通过换挡齿轮盘、换挡齿轮轴的换挡运动，可实现换挡齿轮轴与不同位置传动齿轮的啮合，只需增加档位，通过一个换挡组件即可完成多频段天线的下倾调节，无需在天线中安装多组电机和传动装置，可缩减天线的体积，方便天线布局并降低制造成本。另外，本发明下倾角调节装置的角度显示装置可实时显示电调下倾角刻度，其旋转的工作方式不占用多余空间。
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种天线的下倾角调节装置，其特征在于，包括电机模块和传动模块，所述电机模块可拆卸连接在所述传动模块的内部；所述电机模块包括有换挡电机和电调电机；所述传动模块包括有固定结构以及分别固定于所述固定结构上的换挡组件和多个传动组件；
    所述换挡组件包括有驱动齿轮、从动齿轮、换挡齿轮盘和换挡齿轮轴；所述换挡齿轮盘和所述换挡齿轮轴相互啮合并分别固定于所述固定结构上，所述驱动齿轮和所述从动齿轮相互啮合并分别固定于所述换挡齿轮盘上，所述换挡齿轮轴由所述换挡电机驱动，所述驱动齿轮由所述电调电机驱动；
    每个所述传动组件包括有传动齿轮、传动螺杆、传动螺母和转接齿轮；所述传动齿轮和所述转接齿轮相互啮合并分别固定于所述传动螺杆上，所述传动螺母与所述传动螺杆螺接配合，多个所述传动齿轮按预定角度分布在所述换挡组件的所述换挡齿轮盘的周围；
    所述换挡电机驱动所述换挡齿轮轴旋转时，带动所述换挡齿轮盘做圆周运动，进而带动所述换挡齿轮盘上的所述从动齿轮做行星运动，使得所述从动齿轮选择性地与其中一个所述传动组件的所述转接齿轮啮合；
    所述电调电机驱动所述驱动齿轮旋转时，依次带动相互啮合的所述从动齿轮、所述转接齿轮、所述传动齿轮及相应的所述传动螺杆旋转，使对应的所述传动螺母沿所述传动螺杆直线运动进行电调。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述天线的下倾角调节装置，其特征在于，每个所述传动组件还包括有与所述传动螺杆平行的导向轴，所述固定结构上设有与所述导向轴配合的槽孔，且所述传动螺母与所述导向轴相互连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述天线的下倾角调节装置，其特征在于，所述传动螺杆的一端设有所述传动齿轮，所述传动螺杆的中间设有所述传动螺母，所述传动螺杆的另一端设有蜗杆特征；所述传动组件还包括斜齿轮和安装于所述斜齿轮上的圆形角度标尺，所述斜齿轮与所述蜗杆特征螺纹配合，所述传动螺杆旋转时，带动所述斜齿轮和所述圆形角度标尺旋转运动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述天线的下倾角调节装置，其特征在于，所述传动组件和天线的频率档位的数量相等，每个所述传动组件对应一个所述频率档位。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述天线的下倾角调节装置，其特征在于，所述换挡齿 轮盘与所述驱动齿轮为同心轴设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述天线的下倾角调节装置，其特征在于，所述固定结构包括相互固定的盖板和支撑座；所述传动模块的所述换挡组件和所述传动组件分别轴向固定在所述盖板上，所述电机模块固定在所述支撑座上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述天线的下倾角调节装置，其特征在于，所述传动模块上设有换挡接口、电调接口，所述换挡接口分别与所述换挡电机和所述换挡齿轮轴可拆卸式连接；所述电调接口分别与所述电调电机和所述驱动齿轮可拆卸式连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述天线的下倾角调节装置，其特征在于，所述换挡接口、所述电调接口和所述转接齿轮固定于所述支撑座上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述天线的下倾角调节装置，其特征在于，所述换挡组件还包括有挡板和齿轮盘盖板；所述挡板将所述换挡接口、所述电调接口、所述换挡齿轮轴及所述转接齿轮固定于所述支撑座上；所述齿轮盘盖板将所述从动齿轮向限位于所述换挡齿轮盘上，使所述从动齿轮和所述驱动齿轮相互啮合。
  10. 一种包括如权利要求1～9任一项所述下倾角调节装置的天线。
PCT/CN2021/073887 2020-05-14 2021-01-27 天线的下倾角调节装置及天线 WO2021227563A1 (zh)

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