WO2020199137A1

WO2020199137A1 - Aquaculture feed and preparation method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2020199137A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/081085
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘浩源; 郑玉军; 郑瑞云; 孙立晶; 田丙奇
Original assignee: 唐山哈船科技有限公司; 唐山圣因海洋科技有限公司
Priority date: 2019-04-02
Filing date: 2019-04-02
Publication date: 2020-10-08

Abstract

Disclosed is an aquaculture feed, characterized in that the aquaculture feed is in the shape of particles, each particle comprises an outer skin and an inner core, and each outer skin covers the corresponding inner core; each outer skin is a shell made of plant starch, and each inner core comprises the following micropowder components in parts by weight. According to the aquaculture feed, a plurality of organic components are mixed with Chinese herbal medicine powder, the mixture is provided in easily dissolved plant starch shells to form the particles, so that aquatic products eat the aquaculture feed conveniently, the aquaculture feed is rich in nutrition, the physique of the aquatic products can be improved, and moreover, the immunity of the aquatic products can be improved by the Chinese herbal medicines; and the water-soluble shells can be dissolved within a certain period of time, and the inner core materials can be dispersed into water in time to provide nutrition for the water.

Description

Aquaculture feed and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture products, in particular to an aquaculture feed and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

With the development of the times and the progress of life, the requirements for dietary standards in life are getting higher and higher, not only requiring reasonable nutrition, but also putting forward certain requirements for taste. Compared with captive livestock, aquatic products are relatively safe, with fine meat quality and low pollution, which gradually increases food consumption.

Although traditional wild aquatic products are more acceptable in terms of taste, they are not balanced in terms of nutrition, especially with the increase in consumption. The output of wild aquatic products is far lower. Therefore, artificial breeding of aquatic products has emerged. It involves the production and delivery of aquaculture feed.

The current aquatic product breeding technology is relatively mature. The composition of aquaculture feed is different, and it provides various nutrients required by the aquatic product. However, in actual feeding, most of the feed cannot be eaten by the aquatic product in time. If the bottom of the water is not eaten for a certain period of time, it will deteriorate, resulting in illnesses when the aquatic products are eaten later, which will affect the overall living environment of the aquatic products.

Summary of the invention

Aiming at the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes an aquaculture feed, which can improve the physique of aquatic products and enhance immunity, and at the same time, the uneaten feed can be dissolved in time to provide nutrition for the water body.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an aquaculture feed, in the form of particles, each particle includes an outer skin and an inner core, the outer skin covers the inner core; the outer skin is made of vegetable starch The shell, the inner core includes the following micronized components by weight:

8-12 parts of grasshopper dry powder, 10-15 parts of cicada pupa powder, 4-8 parts of earthworm powder, 12-18 parts of shrimp shell powder, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 6-8 parts of corn meal, 8-12 parts of carrot powder , 4-6 parts of rice bran powder, 2-5 parts of protein powder, 0.5-0.8 parts of cellulase powder, 0.1-0.4 parts of Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.2-0.5 parts of multivitamin, 0.2-0.4 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate and Chinese herbal medicine powder 0.2～0.4 parts.

Further, the Chinese herbal medicine powder is composed of the following components by weight: 1 to 2 parts of Asafoetida, 0.5 to 1 part of honeysuckle, 0.5 to 1 part of dandelion, 5 to 10 parts of Radix Isatidis, 5 to 10 parts of Angelica sinensis, and 3 to 5 parts of Licorice 1 to 3 servings of Poria.

Further, the multivitamin includes 5-10 parts by weight of vitamin A, 3-5 parts by weight of vitamin B2, 30-50 parts by weight of vitamin C, 1-2 parts by weight of vitamin D, 1-2 parts by weight of vitamin E, and vitamin B1 3 to 5 parts by weight.

Further, the inner core includes the following micronized components by weight: 0.6 to 0.8 parts of trace elements.

Further, the trace elements include ferrous sulfate, manganese glycinate, magnesium sulfate, potassium iodate, chromium methionine, and magnesium selenite.

Further, the vegetable starch is added with a cross-linking agent to adjust the glue viscosity. The crosslinking agent may be selected from sodium gluconate and/or agar.

Further, the vegetable starch is corn starch.

Further, the outer skin has different shell hardness.

Further, the particle size of the particles is 0.2-1 mm.

A method for preparing aquaculture feed as described above includes the following steps:

(1) Disperse vegetable starch in chemical water, add sodium gluconate and agar to prepare vegetable starch solution;

(2) According to the proportion of the respective components of the Chinese herbal medicine powder, mix them to make a micropowder; mix with grasshopper dry powder, cicada pupae powder, earthworm powder, shrimp shell powder, soybean meal powder, corn meal, carrot powder, rice bran powder, protein powder, cellulose Enzyme powder, Bacillus subtilis powder, and calcium hydrogen phosphate are mixed, and microspheres are made into multivitamins to obtain the inner core material;

(3) Prepare the vegetable starch solution, disperse the inner core microspheres into the vegetable starch solution, remove them evenly, and air dry.

Further, step (2) the preparation of microspheres includes adding the mixing powder to the multivitamin, and shearing stirring.

Further, in step (1), different ratios of crosslinking agents (such as sodium gluconate and agar) are added to prepare vegetable starch solutions with different glue viscosity, and in (3), the inner core microspheres are dispersed to all The prepared vegetable starch solution described above.

Further, in step (1), the glue viscosity of the vegetable starch solution is adjusted by adding a crosslinking agent. The crosslinking agent may be selected from sodium gluconate and/or agar.

Further, the vegetable starch is corn starch.

Further, in step (1), the corn starch is added to purified water, and the temperature is increased while stirring, and the gelatinization is carried out under constant stirring until a transparent solution is formed. Then, sodium gluconate and agar are added to adjust the viscosity of the glue solution, and then it is placed in a heat preservation tank Internal vacuum degassing treatment to no bubbles.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: it adopts a variety of organic components to be mixed with Chinese herbal medicine powder, and is arranged in an easily soluble vegetable starch shell to form a particle shape, which is convenient for the consumption of aquatic products, is nutritious, and can improve water The physique of the product and Chinese herbal medicine can enhance immunity; the water-soluble shell will dissolve in a certain period of time, and the inner core material will be dispersed into the water in time to provide water nutrition.

The functions of the various components of the inner core are briefly described as follows: grasshopper dry powder, cicada pupa powder, earthworm powder, shrimp shell powder, soybean meal powder, corn meal, carrot powder, rice bran powder, protein powder can supplement plant protein, Various vitamins help the rice field eel grow quickly and make the fleshy nutrition of aquatic products richer. Cellulase powder and Bacillus subtilis powder help aquatic products to digest food quickly, absorb nutrients from food, and promote growth. Compound trace elements can increase the amino acids and trace elements in the nutrition of aquatic products, making the nutrition of aquatic products more comprehensive. Chinese herbal powder has the effect of bactericidal and insecticidal, avoids the reproduction of parasites in aquatic products, and prevents intestinal diseases; it has the effect of clearing heat and detoxification, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of diseases of aquatic products, and it also has the effect of reconciling and enhancing the efficacy Immunity is conducive to the healthy growth of aquatic products and increases the survival rate.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on what can be achieved by a person of ordinary skill in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be achieved, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist. , Is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

An aquaculture feed, in the form of particles, each particle includes an outer skin and an inner core, the outer skin covers the inner core; the outer skin is a shell made of vegetable starch, and the inner core includes the following parts by weight The micronized ingredients:

First of all, the feed itself is in the form of particles, which is convenient for feeding and aquatic products. The particles have a skin-core structure, and the outer skin is a shell made of vegetable starch. If not eaten for a certain period of time, it will gradually melt away, making the inner core powder All are lost in the water, adding nutrients to the surrounding water quality, or improving the breeding environment of aquatic products, such as the purified water environment.

Secondly, the inner core material contains a variety of nutrients, and at the same time contains components that enhance the physique of aquatic products, enhance immunity for aquatic products and increase yield.

Example 1

An aquaculture feed, in the form of 0.2mm particles, each particle includes an outer skin and an inner core, the outer skin covers the inner core; the outer skin is a shell made of vegetable starch, and the inner core includes parts by weight Count the following micronized ingredients:

12 parts of grasshopper dry powder, 10 parts of cicada pupae powder, 8 parts of earthworm powder, 12 parts of shrimp shell powder, 10 parts of soybean meal powder, 6 parts of corn flour, 12 parts of carrot powder, 4 parts of rice bran powder, 5 parts of protein powder, cellulase 0.5 part of powder, 0.4 part of Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.2 part of multivitamin, 0.4 part of calcium hydrogen phosphate and 0.2 part of Chinese herbal medicine powder.

The Chinese herbal medicine powder is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of Asafoetida, 0.5 parts of honeysuckle, 1 part of dandelion, 5 parts of Radix Isatidis, 10 parts of Angelica, 3 parts of licorice, and 3 parts of Poria cocos.

The multivitamin includes 10 parts by weight of vitamin A, 3 parts by weight of vitamin B2, 50 parts by weight of vitamin C, 1 part by weight of vitamin D, 2 parts by weight of vitamin E, and 3 parts by weight of vitamin B1.

(1) Add 2000 parts of corn starch to 8000 parts of purified water, heat up to 75℃ with stirring, gelatinize for about 1 hour under constant stirring, until a transparent solution is formed, and then add sodium gluconate to adjust the gel in two parts. Liquid viscosity to 800cp and 1400cp, and then add 200 parts and 300 parts of agar respectively to adjust the viscosity of the glue, and then treat it at a constant temperature of 80°C for 60 minutes, and degas it in a vacuum tank at 55°C for 30 minutes until there are no bubbles. Kind of corn starch solution;

(2) According to the proportion of the respective components of the Chinese herbal medicine powder, mix them to make a micropowder; mix with grasshopper dry powder, cicada pupae powder, earthworm powder, shrimp shell powder, soybean meal powder, corn meal, carrot powder, rice bran powder, protein powder, cellulose Enzyme powder, Bacillus subtilis powder, and dicalcium phosphate are mixed to form microspheres in the multivitamin to obtain the inner core material;

(3) Disperse the inner core microspheres into the two prepared corn starch solutions, remove them after being evenly distributed, and air dry. The aquaculture feed prepared from the two corn starches is used in the subsequent experiment at a ratio of 1:1.

Example 2

An aquaculture feed, in the form of 1mm particles, each particle includes an outer skin and an inner core, the outer skin covers the inner core; the outer skin is a shell made of vegetable starch, and the inner core includes parts by weight The following micronized ingredients:

8 parts of grasshopper dry powder, 15 parts of cicada pupa powder, 4 parts of earthworm powder, 18 parts of shrimp shell powder, 5 parts of soybean meal powder, 8 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of carrot powder, 6 parts of rice bran powder, 2 parts of protein powder, cellulase 0.8 part of powder, 0.1 part of Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.5 part of multivitamin, 0.2 part of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.4 part of Chinese herbal medicine powder, and 0.6 part of ferrous sulfate.

The Chinese herbal medicine powder is composed of the following components by weight: 1 part of Asafoetida, 1 part of honeysuckle, 0.5 part of dandelion, 10 parts of Radix Isatidis, 5 parts of Angelica, 5 parts of Licorice, and 1 part of Poria cocos.

The multivitamin includes 5 parts by weight of vitamin A, 5 parts by weight of vitamin B2, 30 parts by weight of vitamin C, 2 parts by weight of vitamin D, 1 part by weight of vitamin E, and 5 parts by weight of vitamin B1.

(1) Add 2000 parts of corn starch to 8000 parts of purified water, heat to 75°C under stirring, gelatinize for about 1 hour under constant stirring, until a transparent solution is formed, then add sodium gluconate to adjust the glue viscosity to 1400cp , Then add 300 parts of agar to adjust the viscosity of the glue solution, and then treat it at a constant temperature of 80°C for 60 minutes, and degas it in a vacuum tank at 55°C for 30 minutes until there are no bubbles;

(3) Disperse the inner core microspheres into the prepared corn starch solution, remove them after being uniform, and air dry.

Step (2) The preparation of microspheres includes adding the mixing powder to the multivitamin and shearing stirring.

Example 3

An aquaculture feed, in the form of 0.6mm particles, each particle includes an outer skin and an inner core, the outer skin covers the inner core; the outer skin is a shell made of vegetable starch, and the inner core includes a weight The following micronized ingredients:

10 parts of grasshopper dry powder, 12 parts of cicada pupae powder, 6 parts of earthworm powder, 16 parts of shrimp shell powder, 8 parts of soybean meal powder, 7 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of carrot powder, 5 parts of rice bran powder, 3 parts of protein powder, cellulase 0.6 part of powder, 0.2 part of Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.4 part of multivitamin, 0.3 part of calcium hydrogen phosphate and 0.3 part of Chinese herbal medicine powder.

The Chinese herbal medicine powder is composed of the following components by weight: 1.3 parts of Asafoetida, 0.8 parts of honeysuckle, 0.7 parts of dandelion, 8 parts of Radix Isatidis, 7 parts of Angelica, 4 parts of Licorice, and 2 parts of Poria cocos.

The multivitamin includes 7 parts by weight of vitamin A, 4 parts by weight of vitamin B2, 40 parts by weight of vitamin C, 1.2 parts by weight of vitamin D, 1.6 parts by weight of vitamin E, and 4 parts by weight of vitamin B1.

The inner core includes the following micropowder components in parts by weight: 0.7 parts of potassium iodate.

(1) Add 2000 parts of corn starch to 8000 parts of purified water, heat to 75°C under stirring, and gelatinize for about 1 hour under constant stirring until a transparent solution is formed, then add sodium gluconate to adjust the glue viscosity to 800cp , Then add 200 parts of agar to adjust the viscosity of the glue solution, and then treat it at 80°C for 60 minutes, and vacuum degas it in a vacuum tank at 55°C for 30 minutes until there are no bubbles to obtain two corn starch solutions;

(3) Disperse the inner core microspheres into the prepared corn starch solution, remove them evenly, and air dry.

The products of the above examples are fed once every two days at an average of 50Kg per mu. After continuous feeding for 3 months, compared with traditional feed (including fish meal, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, corn and additives), the yield per mu is The list of survival rates is as follows:

It can be seen that the use of the feed of the invention can improve the yield and survival rate of aquatic products. Although not limited to specific theories, fish are not too sensitive to hunger and satiety. They are often fed more, eat more, and drain more, which will pollute the water body and affect the growth environment of the fish. If the environment is too dirty, harmful fungi may grow easily. . Therefore, feeding more does not necessarily mean that the fish will grow well, and the cost of food must also be considered. If fed, it will be excreted, which will increase the cost of fish farming. The inventor's feed can prolong the time of the food in the esophagus and make the absorption more fully. Moreover, the use of outer skins with different shell hardnesses, such as 1:1 in the embodiment of the present invention, can even achieve better results (embodiment 1).

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications are also It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

An aquaculture feed, characterized in that it is in the form of particles, each particle includes an outer skin and an inner core, the outer skin covers the inner core; the outer skin is a shell made of vegetable starch, and the inner core includes The following micronized components by weight:

8-12 parts of grasshopper dry powder, 10-15 parts of cicada pupa powder, 4-8 parts of earthworm powder, 12-18 parts of shrimp shell powder, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 6-8 parts of corn meal, 8-12 parts of carrot powder , 4-6 parts of rice bran powder, 2-5 parts of protein powder, 0.5-0.8 parts of cellulase powder, 0.1-0.4 parts of Bacillus subtilis powder, 0.2-0.5 parts of multivitamin, 0.2-0.4 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate and Chinese herbal medicine powder 0.2～0.4 parts.
The aquaculture feed according to claim 1, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine powder is composed of the following components by weight: 1 to 2 parts by weight of asafoetida, 0.5 to 1 part of honeysuckle, 0.5 to 1 part of dandelion, and 5 to 10 parts of Radix isatidis Servings, Angelica 5-10 servings, Licorice 3-5 servings, Poria cocos 1-3 servings.
The aquaculture feed according to claim 1, wherein the multivitamin comprises 5-10 parts by weight of vitamin A, 3-5 parts by weight of vitamin B2, 30-50 parts by weight of vitamin C, and 1-2 parts by weight of vitamin D Parts, vitamin E 1-2 parts by weight, vitamin B1 3-5 parts by weight.
The aquaculture feed according to claim 1, wherein the inner core includes the following micronized components by weight: 0.6 to 0.8 parts of trace elements.
The aquaculture feed according to claim 4, wherein the trace elements include ferrous sulfate, manganese glycinate, magnesium sulfate, potassium iodate, chromium methionine, and magnesium selenite.
The aquaculture feed according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the particles is 0.2-1 mm.
The aquaculture feed according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the outer skin has different shell hardness.
A method for preparing aquaculture feed according to claims 1-7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

(1) Disperse vegetable starch in chemical water, add sodium gluconate and agar to prepare vegetable starch solution;

(2) According to the proportion of the respective components of the Chinese herbal medicine powder, mix them to make a micropowder; mix with grasshopper dry powder, cicada pupae powder, earthworm powder, shrimp shell powder, soybean meal powder, corn meal, carrot powder, rice bran powder, protein powder, cellulose Enzyme powder, Bacillus subtilis powder, and calcium hydrogen phosphate are mixed, and microspheres are made into multivitamins to obtain the inner core material;

(3) Disperse the inner core microspheres into the prepared vegetable starch solution, remove them evenly, and air dry.
The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein the step (2) preparing the microspheres includes adding the mixing powder to the multivitamin, and shearing stirring.
The preparation method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, in step (1), different proportions of crosslinking agent are added to prepare vegetable starch solutions with different glue viscosity, and in (3), the inner core is micro The balls are respectively dispersed into the prepared vegetable starch solution.