WO2020191730A1 - 泵装置及农业植保机 - Google Patents

泵装置及农业植保机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020191730A1
WO2020191730A1 PCT/CN2019/080167 CN2019080167W WO2020191730A1 WO 2020191730 A1 WO2020191730 A1 WO 2020191730A1 CN 2019080167 W CN2019080167 W CN 2019080167W WO 2020191730 A1 WO2020191730 A1 WO 2020191730A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve core
valve
liquid outlet
cavity
elastic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/080167
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
舒展
周乐
周万仁
Original Assignee
深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority to CN201980005458.7A priority Critical patent/CN111315991B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2019/080167 priority patent/WO2020191730A1/zh
Publication of WO2020191730A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020191730A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/04—Draining
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
    • A01M7/0032—Pressure sprayers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F04B49/225—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves with throttling valves or valves varying the pump inlet opening or the outlet opening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of pumps, in particular to a pump device and an agricultural plant protection machine.
  • the pressure spray system has the advantages of uniform spraying, good droplet settlement, wide spray range, and simple structure. In recent years, it has been widely used in agricultural plant protection machines and other devices.
  • the pressure spray system in the related technology is generally composed of a water pump and a nozzle. Since the flow rate and pressure of the nozzle correspond to each other, sensors such as pressure gauges or flow meters are usually used to detect the pressure of the nozzle, and then the pump is adjusted according to the pressure of the detected nozzle. The speed of rotation can realize precise control of spraying flow.
  • This method relies on the sensor, and has problems such as complex structure, high cost, easy damage to the sensor, and difficult maintenance; and when the sensor is damaged, not only the spray flow rate is not controlled, but the risk of damage to the water pump is greatly increased; in addition, due to the aging of the water pump The difference between the assembly and the assembly leads to the difference between the water pumps.
  • This requires the control system to change the speed of the water pump in real time according to the signal change of the sensor, and control the spraying flow through closed-loop control, which has low control cost and reliability.
  • the invention provides a pump device and an agricultural plant protection machine.
  • the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:
  • a pump device of an agricultural plant protection machine for pumping pesticides to a spray head comprising:
  • the pump body is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and the liquid inlet is in communication with the liquid outlet through a flow channel;
  • a pressure relief device comprising a main valve, a pilot valve connected to the main valve, and a drainage channel;
  • the main valve includes a liquid inlet communicating with the liquid outlet, a liquid outlet communicating with the liquid inlet, and a first valve core, which can seal the liquid inlet from the liquid inlet. State the liquid part;
  • the pilot valve includes a second valve core and a first channel, and one end of the first valve core away from the liquid outlet is movable and sealed in the first channel;
  • One end of the drainage channel is in communication with the liquid outlet, and the other end is provided with a first drainage port.
  • the second valve core can seal the first drainage port to connect the drainage channel with the first channel.
  • the second valve core when the hydraulic pressure in the pump body exceeds a preset pressure threshold, the second valve core is separated from the first drainage port under the action of the holding force of the pesticide, and the pesticide enters the first passage, so that the first The end of a valve core close to the liquid outlet and the end of the first valve core away from the liquid outlet form a pressure difference, and the first valve core can hold the pesticide in the liquid outlet Under the action, it is separated from the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, and the pesticide flows out from the liquid outlet.
  • an agricultural plant protection machine which includes a frame, a liquid storage tank for storing liquid medicine, a pipe connected with the liquid storage tank, and a spray head, and also includes a spray head for connecting the liquid storage tank
  • the liquid medicine is pumped to the pump device of the spray head, and the pump device includes:
  • the pump body is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and the liquid inlet is in communication with the liquid outlet through a flow channel;
  • a pressure relief device comprising a main valve, a pilot valve connected to the main valve, and a drainage channel;
  • the main valve includes a liquid inlet communicating with the liquid outlet, a liquid outlet communicating with the liquid inlet, and a first valve core, which can seal the liquid inlet from the liquid inlet. State the liquid part;
  • the pilot valve includes a second valve core and a first channel, and one end of the first valve core away from the liquid outlet is movable and sealed in the first channel;
  • One end of the drainage channel is in communication with the liquid outlet, and the other end is provided with a first drainage port.
  • the second valve core can seal the first drainage port to connect the drainage channel with the first channel.
  • the second valve core when the hydraulic pressure in the pump body exceeds a preset pressure threshold, the second valve core is separated from the first drainage port under the action of the holding force of the pesticide, and the pesticide enters the first passage, so that the first The end of a valve core close to the liquid outlet and the end of the first valve core away from the liquid outlet form a pressure difference, and the first valve core can hold the pesticide in the liquid outlet Under the action, it is separated from the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, and the pesticide flows out from the liquid outlet.
  • the pump device of the present invention realizes overpressure protection of the pump device by adding a pressure relief device at the liquid outlet, and ensures a constant pressure at the liquid outlet, thereby ensuring consistent flow
  • the accuracy of voltage stabilization can be improved; in addition, the pressure relief device adopts open-loop control, which has timely response, high stability and low cost.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective schematic view of a pump device in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pump device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective schematic view of a pressure relief device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pressure relief device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective schematic view of a pump device in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pump device in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of the pump device in the embodiment shown in Figure 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pump device in another direction in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a perspective schematic view of an agricultural plant protection machine in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 100 frame; 110: fuselage; 120: tripod; 130: arm; 200: liquid storage tank; 300: nozzle; 400: pump device;
  • valve cover valve cover
  • 310 first fixing part
  • 60 pressure relief device; 610: main valve; 611: inlet part; 612: outlet part; 613: first valve core; 614: first valve body; 615: first cavity; 616: first elastic reset 617: first sliding protrusion; 6171: second drainage port; 620: pilot valve; 621: second valve core; 6211: sealing end; 6212: second sliding protrusion; 622: first passage; 623: Second valve body; 624: second cavity; 625: second elastic reset member; 626: adjusting member; 630: drainage channel; 631: first drainage port.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a pump device, which can be applied to an agricultural plant protection machine, and the pump device can be used to pump pesticides to the spray head of the agricultural plant protection machine.
  • the pump device 400 may include a pump body 1 and a pressure relief device 60.
  • the pump body 1 is provided with a liquid inlet 11 and a liquid outlet 12, and the liquid inlet 11 communicates with the liquid outlet 12 through a flow channel.
  • the pressure relief device 60 includes a main valve 610, a pilot valve 620 connected to the main valve 610, and a drainage channel 630.
  • the main valve 610 includes a liquid inlet 611, a liquid outlet 612, and a first valve core 613.
  • the liquid inlet 611 communicates with the liquid outlet 12, the liquid outlet 612 communicates with the liquid inlet 11, and the first valve core 613 can The liquid inlet 611 and the liquid outlet 612 are sealed.
  • the pilot valve 620 includes a second valve core 621 and a first passage 622. One end of the first valve core 613 away from the liquid outlet 612 is movable and sealed in the first passage 622. One end of the drainage channel 630 is in communication with the liquid outlet 12, and the other end of the drainage channel 630 is provided with a first drainage port 631.
  • the second valve core 621 can seal the first drainage port 631 to separate the drainage channel 630 from the first channel 622. open.
  • the second valve core 621 is separated from the first drainage port 631 under the holding force of the pesticide, and the pesticide enters the first channel 622, so that The end of the first valve core 613 close to the liquid outlet portion 612 and the end of the first valve core 613 away from the liquid outlet portion 612 form a pressure difference.
  • the first valve core 613 can interact with the pesticide in the liquid outlet portion 612 under the force of The liquid inlet 611 and the liquid outlet 612 are separated, and the pesticide flows out from the liquid outlet 612 and overflows back to the liquid inlet 11 to realize the overpressure protection of the pump device 400.
  • the drainage channel 630 communicates with the first channel 622, and the pesticide in the drainage channel 630 can flow into the first channel 622 through the first drainage port 631.
  • the hydraulic pressure at the end of the first spool 613 close to the liquid outlet 612 is the hydraulic pressure in the pump body, and the hydraulic pressure at the end of the first spool 613 far away from the liquid outlet 612 (that is, the hydraulic pressure of the pesticide in the first channel 622) is less than that in the pump body Therefore, the hydraulic pressure at the end of the first spool 613 close to the liquid outlet 612 is greater than the hydraulic pressure at the end of the first spool 613 far away from the liquid outlet 612.
  • the first spool 613 When the pressure difference is greater than the preset pressure difference threshold, the first spool 613 It can move under the holding force of the pesticide in the liquid outlet 612 to separate from the liquid inlet 611 and the liquid outlet 612 (partially separated or completely separated). The pesticide flowing out of the liquid outlet 12 passes through the liquid inlet 611 It flows into the liquid outlet 612 and then overflows back to the liquid inlet 11 into the pump body 1.
  • the second valve core 621 seals the first drainage port 631, and the pilot valve 620 is in the closed state; at this time, the second valve core 621 is close to the end of the liquid outlet 612 and There is no pressure difference at the end of the first valve core 613 away from the liquid outlet portion 612.
  • the first valve core 613 seals the liquid inlet portion 611 and the liquid outlet portion 612, that is, the main valve 610 is also in a closed state, and the pump device 400 works normally.
  • the preset pressure threshold is the maximum hydraulic pressure that the pump device 400 can withstand during normal operation. Once the hydraulic pressure in the pump body 1 exceeds the preset pressure threshold, the pump device 400 may be damaged.
  • the rigidity of the main valve 610 needs to be designed to be greater to better seal the liquid inlet 611 and the liquid outlet 612, so that when the hydraulic pressure in the pump body 1 does not exceed the preset pressure threshold, the pump device 400 operates normally , The pump device 400 will not release the pressure through the pressure relief device 60; because the rigidity of the main valve 610 needs to be designed to be large, if the main valve 610 is used directly to relieve the pressure, the hydraulic pressure in the pump body 1 may exceed the preset pressure threshold After a larger value, the main valve 610 can be opened by the holding force of the pesticide; in fact, the pump device 400 may be damaged when the hydraulic pressure in the pump body 1 just exceeds the preset pressure threshold.
  • pilot valve 620 with less rigidity to the main valve 610, once the hydraulic pressure in the pump body 1 exceeds the preset pressure threshold, the pilot valve 620 can be opened and the main valve 610 is triggered to open to achieve pressure relief. Ensure the timeliness of pressure relief and improve the accuracy of voltage stabilization.
  • the pump device 400 of the embodiment of the present invention by adding a pressure relief device 60 to the liquid outlet 12, the overpressure protection of the pump device 400 is realized, and the pressure of the liquid outlet 12 is kept constant, thereby ensuring the consistency of the flow;
  • the pilot valve 620 is opened first, and the main valve 610 is triggered to open by the pilot valve 620 to achieve pressure relief.
  • This method of cooperating between the main valve 610 and the pilot valve 620 can improve the voltage stabilization Accuracy; in addition, the pressure relief device 60 adopts open-loop control, with timely response, high stability and low cost.
  • the calibers of the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid outlet 12 are approximately the same; of course, in some embodiments, the calibers of the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid outlet 12 can also be set to be different. size.
  • the diameters of the liquid inlet portion 611 and the liquid outlet portion 612 are approximately the same.
  • the diameters of the liquid inlet portion 611 and the liquid outlet portion 612 can also be set to different sizes.
  • the caliber of the liquid inlet 611 and the caliber of the liquid outlet 12 are approximately the same.
  • the caliber of the liquid inlet 611 can also be designed to be smaller than the caliber of the liquid outlet 12 to facilitate the installation between the liquid inlet 611 and the liquid outlet 12.
  • the liquid inlet of this embodiment The portion 611 can be inserted into the liquid outlet 12 to realize the communication between the liquid inlet 611 and the liquid outlet 12.
  • a sealing structure such as a rubber layer, may be provided at the connection between the liquid inlet 611 and the liquid outlet 12.
  • the liquid inlet 611 may be connected to the liquid outlet 12 by an existing method such as a snap connection or a threaded connection.
  • the diameters of the liquid outlet portion 612 and the liquid inlet 11 are approximately the same.
  • the caliber of the liquid outlet 612 can also be designed to be smaller than the caliber of the liquid inlet 11 to facilitate the installation between the liquid outlet 612 and the liquid inlet 11.
  • the liquid outlet of this embodiment The part 612 can be inserted into the liquid inlet 11 to realize the communication between the liquid outlet 612 and the liquid inlet 11.
  • a sealing structure such as a rubber layer, can be provided at the connection between the liquid outlet 612 and the liquid inlet 11.
  • the liquid outlet portion 612 may be connected to the liquid inlet 11 through existing methods such as snap connection and threaded connection.
  • the diameter of the drainage channel 630 is smaller than the diameter of the liquid outlet portion 612 to ensure that when the hydraulic pressure in the pump body 1 does not exceed the preset pressure threshold, the second valve core 621 will not interact with the first drainage under the force of the pesticide.
  • the port 631 is separated, that is, by designing the diameter of the drainage channel 630 to be smaller than the diameter of the liquid outlet 612, it is ensured that when the hydraulic pressure in the pump body 1 does not exceed the preset pressure threshold, the second valve core 621 can tightly seal the second valve core 621.
  • a drainage port 631 is separated, that is, by designing the diameter of the drainage channel 630 to be smaller than the diameter of the liquid outlet 612, it is ensured that when the hydraulic pressure in the pump body 1 does not exceed the preset pressure threshold, the second valve core 621 can tightly seal the second valve core 621.
  • the diameter of the drainage channel 630 is greater than or equal to 1/10 of the diameter of the liquid outlet 612, and less than or equal to 1/5 of the diameter of the liquid outlet 612.
  • the diameter of the drainage channel 630 can be 1/10, 1/9, 1/8, 1/7, 1/6 or 1/5 of the caliber of the liquid outlet portion 612, and the diameter of the drainage channel 630 can be selected as required. The size of the diameter.
  • the main valve 610 may include a first valve body 614, the first valve body 614 is provided with a first cavity 615, the liquid inlet 611 and the liquid outlet 612 are respectively provided on the first valve body 614, and the inlet The liquid part 611 and the liquid outlet part 612 are respectively communicated with the first cavity 615.
  • the first spool 613 of this embodiment is movably arranged in the first cavity 615.
  • the first spool 613 seals the liquid inlet 611 and the liquid outlet 612;
  • the first valve core 613 moves in the direction away from the liquid inlet 611 in the first cavity 615 under the action of the holding force of the pesticide in the liquid inlet 611 It is separated from the liquid inlet 611 and the liquid outlet 612.
  • the outer side wall of the first valve core 613 is provided with a first sliding protrusion 617, the first sliding protrusion 617 and the first The inner side wall of the valve body 614 is slidingly connected.
  • the first sliding protrusion 617 has an annular structure.
  • the first sliding protrusion 617 is not limited to a ring structure, and may also have other shapes.
  • the first sliding protrusion 617 is integrally formed on the first valve core 613. It can be understood that other structural methods may also be used to realize that the first valve core 613 is movable in the first cavity 615.
  • the first sliding protrusion 617 is provided with a second drainage port 6171, and the liquid outlet 12 communicates with the drainage channel 630 through the liquid inlet 611 and the second drainage port 6171.
  • the drainage channel 630 is in communication with the first cavity 615, and when the hydraulic pressure in the pump body 1 does not exceed the preset pressure threshold, there is a gap between the second drainage port 6171 and the drainage channel 630. When the hydraulic pressure in 1 exceeds the preset pressure threshold, the interval can allow the first spool 613 to move.
  • the pilot valve 620 also includes a second valve body 623, the second valve body 623 is provided with a second cavity 624, the first passage 622 is connected to the second cavity 624, and the second valve core 621 is movably arranged in Inside the second cavity 624.
  • the first channel 622 communicates with the drainage channel 630 through the second cavity 624.
  • the first valve body 614 and the second valve body 623 are fixedly connected to fix the pilot valve 620 on the main valve 610, and the pilot valve 620 can seal the main valve 610.
  • the first valve body 614 and the second valve body 623 can be fixedly connected by any existing connection methods such as threaded connection and snap connection.
  • the second valve core 621 includes a sealing end 6211, and the sealing end 6211 is inserted into the first drainage port 631.
  • the sealing end 6211 is tapered, which better seals the first drainage port 631.
  • the sealing end 6211 is not limited to the tapered shape, and the sealing manner of the sealing end 6211 and the first drainage port 631 is not limited to the plug-in manner.
  • Other shapes of the sealing end 6211, the sealing end 6211 and the first drainage port 631 can also be used.
  • the room can also be sealed in other ways.
  • the side wall of the second valve core 621 is provided with a second sliding protrusion 6212, the second sliding protrusion 6212 and the second The inner side wall of the valve body 623 is slidingly connected.
  • the second sliding protrusion 6212 has an annular structure.
  • the second sliding protrusion 6212 is not limited to a ring structure, and may also have other shapes.
  • the second sliding protrusion 6212 is integrally formed on the second valve core 621. It can be understood that other structural methods can also be used to realize the movement of the second valve core 621 in the second cavity 624.
  • the drainage channel 630 is provided in the second valve body 623, which facilitates a compact design of the structure.
  • the drainage channel 630 when the second valve core 621 seals the first drainage port 631, the drainage channel 630 is separated from the second cavity 624, so that the drainage channel 630 is separated from the first channel 622; when the second valve core When the 621 is separated from the first drainage port 631, the drainage channel 630 communicates with the second cavity 624, so that the drainage channel 630 communicates with the first channel 622.
  • the drainage channel 630 may also be provided outside the second valve body 623.
  • the main valve 610 may further include a first elastic reset member 616 received in the first cavity 615, one end of the first elastic reset member 616 is connected to the first valve core 613, and the other end is received in the first channel 622 and connected to the second valve body 623; the first elastic restoring member 616 is used to provide an elastic restoring force to the first valve core 613, and under the action of the elastic restoring force of the first elastic restoring member 616, it can promote the first The valve core 613 seals the liquid inlet 611 and the liquid outlet 612.
  • the first valve core 613 seals the liquid inlet under the action of the elastic restoring force of the first elastic reset member 616 611 and the liquid outlet 612; when the hydraulic pressure in the pump body 1 exceeds the preset pressure threshold, the hydraulic pressure at the end of the first valve core 613 close to the liquid outlet 612 is greater than that of the first valve core 613 away from the liquid outlet 612 Hydraulic pressure, when the holding force of the pesticide in the liquid outlet 612 overcomes the elastic restoring force of the first elastic member 420 and the holding force of the pesticide in the first channel 622, the first valve core 613 moves to the right (as shown in Figure 4 (Shown embodiment), the first elastic reset member 616 is gradually compressed, and when the first valve core 613 moves to be separated from the liquid inlet 611 and the liquid outlet 612, the pesticide flowing out of the liquid outlet 12 passes through the liquid inlet 611 It
  • the pressure difference between the end of the first valve core 613 close to the liquid outlet portion 612 and the end of the first valve core 613 away from the liquid outlet portion 612 will gradually decrease until the pressure difference becomes zero, and the first elastic member 420 is gradually stretched, and the first valve core 613 will gradually reset under the elastic restoring force of the first elastic member 420 (the elastic restoring force generated by the first elastic member 420 from compression to gradual extension), and then seal the liquid again. Part 611 and liquid outlet part 612, so as to ensure that the pump device 400 resumes normal operation.
  • the end of the first valve core 613 away from the liquid inlet 11 is provided with a mounting groove, and one end of the first elastic reset member 616 is installed in the mounting groove, so as to better fix the first elastic member 420 and prevent The main valve 610 fails due to the unstable first reset member.
  • other methods can also be used to fix the first elastic member 420 on the first valve core 613.
  • the pilot valve 620 may further include a second elastic resetting member 625 housed in the second cavity 624.
  • the second elastic resetting member 625 is connected to the second valve core 621 for providing an elastic restoring force to the second cavity.
  • Two spool 621 Under the action of the elastic restoring force of the second elastic reset member 625, the second valve core 621 can be caused to seal the first drainage port 631.
  • the second valve core 621 seals the first drainage port 631 under the action of the elastic restoring force of the second elastic reset member 625.
  • the nozzle 300 is blocked and the hydraulic pressure in the pump body 1 exceeds the preset pressure threshold, the pesticide in the drainage channel 630 supports the second valve core 621, and the second elastic reset member 625 is gradually compressed.
  • the holding force of the pesticide overcomes the first
  • the elastic restoring force applied to the first valve core 613 by the two elastic restoring members 625 the second valve core 621 is pushed open and separated from the first drainage port 631, and the pesticide in the drainage channel 630 enters the second cavity 624 through the second cavity 624.
  • One channel 622 is used to seal the first drainage port 631 under the action of the elastic restoring force of the second elastic reset member 625.
  • the second elastic reset member 625 is gradually stretched, and the second valve core 621 will gradually reset under the action of the restoring force of the second elastic reset member 625 to seal the first drainage port 631 again, thereby ensuring the diaphragm pump 400 Return to normal operation.
  • the preset pressure threshold and the holding force of the pesticide on the second valve core 621 are positively correlated with the elastic restoring force of the second elastic member 520, that is, the greater the elastic restoring force of the second elastic member 520, the preset pressure The higher the threshold and the holding force of the pesticide on the second valve core 621 are.
  • the second elastic restoring member 625 applies different magnitudes of elastic restoring force to the second valve core 621 based on different structures.
  • the second valve body 623 also has an opening, and the opening and the second valve core 621 The two cavities 624 are connected, and the second elastic restoring member 625 can be movably inserted into the opening.
  • the second elastic restoring member 625 moves to a different position relative to the opening in the opening, the second elastic restoring member 625 can apply different magnitudes of elastic restoring force to the second valve core 621.
  • the second elastic reset member 625 is squeezed in the opening.
  • the second elastic resetting member 625 By pressing the end of the second elastic resetting member 625 away from the second valve core 621, the second elastic resetting member 625 is gradually compressed, and the elastic restoring force applied by the second elastic resetting member 625 to the second valve core 621 will be greater and greater , The holding force required for the pesticide to push the second spool 621 is also increasing. By pulling one end of the second elastic reset member 625 away from the second valve core 621, the second elastic reset member 625 is gradually stretched but the second valve core 621 is not separated from the first drainage port 631, and the pesticide pushes the second The holding force required by the spool 621 is getting smaller and smaller.
  • the position of the second elastic reset member 625 in the first opening can be moved as required.
  • the second elastic restoring member 625 is made of a flexible material, such as rubber, plastic and other flexible materials.
  • the pilot valve 620 further includes an adjusting member 626 that cooperates with the second elastic resetting member 625 to adjust the elastic restoring force of the second elastic resetting member 625, so that the second elastic resetting member 625
  • the elastic restoring force of different magnitudes can be applied to the second valve core 621.
  • the second valve body 623 also has an opening, and the opening is in communication with the second cavity 624.
  • One end of the second elastic reset member 625 is connected to the second valve core 621, and the other end of the second elastic reset member 625 is connected to an adjustment member 626, which is rotatably inserted into the opening.
  • the adjusting member 626 When the adjusting member 626 rotates relative to the opening in the opening, the adjusting member 626 can drive the expansion and contraction of the second elastic restoring member 625 to adjust the elastic restoring force of the second elastic restoring member 625. Specifically, when the adjusting member 626 rotates in the first direction in the first opening, the adjusting member 626 moves toward the second valve core 621, so that the second elastic resetting member 625 is gradually compressed, and the second elastic resetting member 625 is applied to The elastic restoring force of the second valve core 621 will become greater and greater, and the holding force required for the pesticide to push the second valve core 621 will also become greater.
  • the first direction is different from the second direction.
  • the first direction is a clockwise direction
  • the second direction is a counterclockwise direction.
  • the adjusting member 626 is a threaded member, such as a screw, and the threaded member is connected to the first opening through a threaded rotation.
  • the second elastic return member 625 is a spring
  • the adjustment member 626 is a screw. One end of the spring is sleeved on the fixed end, and the other end is sleeved on the screw.
  • a part of the adjustment member 626 penetrates the first opening and is exposed outside the opening for the user to adjust.
  • the types of the first elastic restoring member 616 and the second elastic restoring member 625 can be selected according to needs.
  • the first elastic restoring member 616 and/or the second elastic restoring member 625 are springs.
  • the first elastic restoring member 616 and/or the second elastic restoring member 625 are made of flexible materials, such as rubber, plastic, and other flexible materials.
  • the rigidity of the first elastic resetting member 616 is greater than the rigidity of the second elastic resetting member 625, so that the rigidity of the main valve 610 is greater than the rigidity of the pilot valve 620, thereby improving the voltage stabilization accuracy of the pressure relief device 60.
  • the pressure relief device 60 needs to be made of materials with better corrosion resistance.
  • the materials of the first valve core 613 and/or the second valve core 621 include brass, stainless steel, and plastic. One kind. It can be understood that the first valve core 613 and the second valve core 621 can also be made of other materials with better corrosion resistance.
  • a corrosion-resistant layer is provided on the surface of the components in contact with pesticides in the pressure relief device 60.
  • the inner side wall of the first valve body 614 and/or the second valve body The inner side wall of 623 and/or the surface of the first valve core 613 and/or the surface of the second valve core 621 are coated with a corrosion-resistant layer.
  • the pump device 400 of the above embodiment may be a diaphragm pump or a non-diaphragm pump.
  • the pump device 400 is a diaphragm pump as an example for further description.
  • the diaphragm pump may further include a diaphragm 3 and a driving mechanism 5.
  • the pump cover 2 is arranged on the pump body 1, the pump body 1 is provided with a receiving cavity (not shown), and the diaphragm 3 is arranged in the receiving cavity.
  • the diaphragm 3 of this embodiment is matched with the pump cover 2 to make the diaphragm 3 and the pump cover 2 surround to form a cavity 4.
  • the drive mechanism 5 includes a motor, a motor spindle and an eccentric wheel or slider crank mechanism, and an eccentric wheel or slider crank mechanism.
  • the eccentric wheel or crank slider mechanism In the containing cavity, and the eccentric wheel or crank slider mechanism is connected with the diaphragm 3.
  • the rotary motion of the motor is converted into reciprocating motion through an eccentric wheel or a crank slider mechanism, which drives the diaphragm 3 to reciprocate.
  • this type of diaphragm pump generally has problems such as complex structure, large volume, heavy weight, and high cost; and, due to the need for a conversion mechanism from rotating motion to reciprocating motion, it inevitably brings loss of mechanical efficiency and energy consumption. Problems such as increase and decrease in endurance.
  • the wear of the conversion mechanism also limits the life of the diaphragm pump; in addition, after the rotary motion is converted into reciprocating motion, the stroke of the diaphragm 3 changes sinusoidally, and the volume change rate is uneven, resulting in the diaphragm pump The flow and pressure are not uniform, and the diaphragm pump will have pulsation.
  • the driving mechanism 5 of this embodiment may include a push rod 51, a coil assembly 52, and a third elastic reset member 53 ,
  • the push rod 51 is connected with the diaphragm 3, and the push rod 51 is also connected with the third elastic reset member 53.
  • the driving mechanism 5 of this embodiment is arranged in the receiving cavity, so that the volume of the pump body 1 can be minimized.
  • the push rod 51 when the coil assembly 52 is alternately energized and de-energized, the push rod 51 can make a reciprocating linear motion to drive the diaphragm 3 to reciprocate relative to the pump cover 2 to reduce or increase the cavity 4.
  • the push rod 51 moves forward under the magnetic attraction of the coil assembly 52; when the coil assembly 52 is powered off, the push rod 51 acts on the elastic force of the third elastic reset member 53 Do reverse movement downward, forward and reverse are two opposite directions.
  • the coil assembly 52 when the coil assembly 52 is energized, the coil assembly 52 will generate an electromagnetic field, and the magnetic attraction of the coil assembly 52 acts on the push rod 51 to drive the push rod 51 to move forward; when the coil assembly 52 is powered off, the coil assembly 52 The electromagnetic field disappears, and the elastic force of the third elastic resetting member 53 acts on the push rod 51 to drive the push rod 51 to make a reverse movement to realize the reset.
  • the definition of the forward and reversible direction may be different.
  • the forward direction is vertical downward, and the reverse direction is vertical upward.
  • the forward direction may be vertical upward, and the reverse direction may be vertical downward; or, the forward direction may be horizontal to the left, the reverse direction may be horizontal to the right, and so on.
  • the coil assembly 52, the third elastic reset member 53 and the push rod 51 are arranged in the pump body 1, and the coil assembly 52 is alternately energized and de-energized to directly drive the push rod 51 to reciprocate Linear motion, simple structure, small size, light weight, low cost;
  • the diaphragm pump does not require a conversion mechanism, high efficiency, good heat dissipation, energy saving, and strong endurance.
  • the diaphragm pump has no wearing parts such as a conversion mechanism, so it has a longer life. Long;
  • the stroke of the diaphragm 3 changes linearly, and the diaphragm pump has a uniform speed, small pulsation and uniform flow.
  • the push rod 51 includes a rod body 511 and a protrusion 512.
  • the rod 511 is used to connect the diaphragm 3.
  • the diaphragm pump is a single diaphragm pump, and one end of the rod 511 is connected to the diaphragm 3; optionally, the diaphragm pump is a double diaphragm pump, and both ends of the rod 511 are connected to a diaphragm 3 respectively.
  • the protrusion 512 is provided on the side wall of the rod body 511.
  • the protrusion 512 can also be provided at other positions such as the end of the rod body 511.
  • the protrusion 512 can be integrally formed on the rod body 511.
  • the protrusion 512 can also be provided separately from the rod body 511, and the protrusion 512 is fixed on the rod body 511 by conventional means such as snap connection and screw connection.
  • the protrusion 512 and the rod body 511 can be made of the same material, such as iron, nickel, cobalt, or other metal materials capable of moving under the action of magnetic attraction, or a combination of the foregoing metal materials.
  • the protrusion 512 and the rod body 511 may be made of different materials, and the protrusion 512 may be made of a metal material capable of moving under the action of magnetic attraction, such as iron, nickel, cobalt, or a combination of the foregoing metal materials.
  • the rod body 511 can be made of a material with a low density such as plastic, which can reduce the weight of the push rod 51, thereby reducing the weight of the diaphragm pump.
  • the protrusions 512 of this embodiment are spaced apart from the coil assembly 52. When the coil assembly 52 is energized, the protrusions 512 move in the positive direction under the magnetic attraction of the coil assembly 52, and drive the rod 511 to move in the positive direction.
  • the protrusion 512 moves toward the direction close to the coil assembly 52 under the action of the magnetic attraction of the coil assembly 52, and drives the rod 511 to move toward the direction close to the coil assembly 52; when the coil assembly 52 is powered off, The magnetic attraction force of the coil assembly 52 disappears, and the protrusion 512 moves away from the coil assembly 52 under the elastic force of the third elastic restoring member 53, and drives the rod 511 and the protrusion 512 to move away from the coil assembly 52.
  • the protrusion 512 is directly opposite to the coil assembly 52. With such a structural design, the magnetic attraction of the coil assembly 52 can better act on the protrusion 512.
  • the protrusion 512 and the coil assembly 52 may be disposed opposite to each other, and they do not need to be disposed directly opposite to each other.
  • the shape of the protrusion 512 can also be designed according to needs.
  • the protrusion 512 has a ring structure, and the coil assembly 52 is sleeved and fixed on the rod body 511. That is, the coil assembly 52 is also roughly a ring structure.
  • the structure of the coil assembly 52 and the push rod 51 can be designed more compactly, and the occupied space of the coil assembly 52 and the push rod 51 can be reduced.
  • Designing the accommodating cavity to be smaller is conducive to the miniaturization design of the pump body 1; at the same time, adopting this structural design method ensures that the coil assembly 52 and the protrusion 512 are arranged oppositely, thereby ensuring that the coil assembly 52 is energized.
  • the magnetic attraction force of 2 can act on the protrusion 512, that is, it is ensured that the magnetic attraction force of the coil assembly 52 can attract the protrusion 512 to move toward the direction of the coil assembly 52.
  • the shape of the protrusion 512 is not limited to the ring shape, and the fixing method of the coil assembly 52 and the rod body 511 is not limited to the sleeve method.
  • the design of the structural relationship between the third elastic reset member 53 and the push rod 51 can also be selected according to needs.
  • the third elastic reset member 53 is sleeved on the rod body 511, and the third elastic reset member One end of 53 is connected to the protrusion 512, and the other end of the third elastic reset member 53 is connected to the coil assembly 52. That is, the third elastic return member 53 is provided between the protrusion 512 and the coil assembly 52.
  • the protrusion 512 moves forward under the magnetic attraction of the coil assembly 52.
  • the third elastic resetting member 53 is in a compressed state; when the coil assembly 52 is powered off, the third elastic resetting The member 53 is reset, and the protrusion 512 performs a reverse movement under the elastic force of the third elastic reset member 53.
  • a first receiving portion 6 is provided between the protrusion 512 and the rod body 511, and a second receiving portion 7 is provided between the coil assembly 52 and the rod body 511.
  • One end is received in the first receiving portion 6 and the other end is received in the second receiving portion 7.
  • the third elastic resetting member 53 is more firmly fixed to prevent the third elastic resetting member 53 from falling off.
  • both the first receiving portion 6 and the second receiving portion 7 are grooves.
  • the type of the third elastic return member 53 can be selected according to needs.
  • the third elastic return member 53 is a spring.
  • the third elastic restoring member 53 can be made of a flexible material, such as rubber, plastic and other flexible materials. This embodiment does not specifically limit the material of the third elastic restoring member 53.
  • the diaphragm pump may also include a quick release part 8.
  • the coil assembly 52 is fixed on the pump body 1 through the quick release part 8, and the coil assembly 52 is detachably connected to the pump body 1 through the quick release part 8. After the component 52 is damaged, it is convenient to remove the coil component 52 from the pump body 1, thereby facilitating the maintenance and replacement of the coil component 52.
  • the quick-release part 8 can be a screw, a snap or other quick-release structure, and the type of the quick-release part 8 is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • the coil assembly 52 may include a coil 521 and a seat body 522 for fixing the coil 521.
  • the seat body 522 is provided with an annular storage groove, and the coil 521 is wound on the seat body 522 and is received in the storage groove.
  • the coil 521 is connected to a wire, which extends out of the pump body 1.
  • the coil 521 can be connected to a control circuit through a wire (not shown), and the control circuit can control the coil 521 to be energized and de-energized alternately.
  • the working principle of the control circuit controlling the coil 521 to be alternately energized and de-energized is the prior art, which will not be repeated here.
  • the diaphragm pump further includes an end cover 20, which is covered on the bottom of the pump body 1 (the pump cover 2 is covered on the side wall of the pump body 1), and the wire is passed through The end cover 20 also exposes the end cover 20 to facilitate connection with the control circuit.
  • the seat body 522 is sleeved and fixed on the rod body 511, and the second receiving portion 7 of the above embodiment is formed by the seat body 522 and the rod body 511.
  • the diaphragm pump may further include a diaphragm support 9, one end of the diaphragm support 9 abuts against the side of the diaphragm 3 away from the pump cover 2, and the other end is connected to the push rod 51.
  • the contact area of the diaphragm support 9 and the side of the diaphragm 3 away from the pump cover 2 is greater than the preset area threshold.
  • the driving mechanism 5 drives the diaphragm 3 to make a reciprocating linear motion relative to the pump cover 2
  • the diaphragm 3 is restricted by the diaphragm support 9 so that the diaphragm 3 reciprocates in the same direction, while reducing the diaphragm 3 in other directions
  • the movement of the diaphragm 3 improves the stress condition of the diaphragm 3 and prolongs the service life of the diaphragm 3.
  • the driving mechanism 5 drives the diaphragm 3 to move toward the pump cover 2
  • the diaphragm 3 can be fully lifted due to the abutment of the diaphragm support 9 It has a sufficient amount of deformation to ensure the volume change of the cavity 4 and ensure that the pesticide in the cavity 4 can be completely discharged.
  • the diaphragm 3 may include a connecting part and a supporting part located at the outer edge of the connecting part.
  • the connecting part is driven to move by the driving mechanism 5 and the supporting part is assembled on the corresponding pump cover 2.
  • the outer edges of the supporting part can be respectively assembled to the pump cover 2 by clamping or other means.
  • the thickness of the connecting part is greater than the thickness of other parts of the diaphragm 3. Since the connecting part is driven to move by the driving mechanism 5, the thickness of the connecting part is designed to be thicker. Even if the connecting part is worn, it will not affect the driving of the connecting part.
  • the mechanism 5 is driven to move.
  • the thickness refers to the thickness of the diaphragm 3 in its moving direction.
  • the diaphragm 3 has a circular shape. Of course, in other embodiments, the diaphragm 3 may also have other regular or irregular shapes.
  • the preset area threshold can be embodied in the form of a ratio (the ratio of the contact area between the diaphragm support 9 and the abutting surface to the surface area of the abutting surface, where the abutting surface refers to the surface of the diaphragm 3 away from the pump cover 2) , Can also be reflected by the size of the area.
  • the ratio of the contact area between the diaphragm support 9 and the abutting surface to the surface area of the abutting surface is greater than or equal to 80%, such as 85%, 90%, 95% or 100%.
  • the preset area threshold can be designed according to the required displacement of the diaphragm pump. For example, in one of the embodiments, the ratio of the contact area between the diaphragm support 9 and the abutting surface to the surface area of the abutting surface is greater than or equal to 100%, That is, the diaphragm support 9 covers the contact surface.
  • the driving mechanism 5 squeezes the diaphragm 3
  • the surface of the diaphragm 3 facing away from the abutting surface can fit the pump cover 2 as much as possible, and the volume of the cavity 4 is small enough to minimize The pesticide in the cavity 4 is exhausted.
  • the area of the surface of the diaphragm support 9 facing the diaphragm 3 is equal to the area of the abutting surface, or the area of the surface of the diaphragm support 9 facing the diaphragm 3 is slightly larger than the area of the abutting surface, thereby ensuring the diaphragm support 9
  • the contact surface of the diaphragm 3 can be covered.
  • the ratio of the contact area between the diaphragm support 9 and the abutting surface to the surface area of the abutting surface is greater than a preset percentage threshold and less than 100%, and the diaphragm support 9 does not completely cover the abutting surface.
  • the stiffness of the diaphragm support 9 is greater than the preset stiffness threshold.
  • the preset stiffness threshold can be designed as required, such as 10N/m.
  • the diaphragm support 9 is a rigid part.
  • the diaphragm support 9 of this embodiment abuts against the side of the diaphragm 3 away from the pump cover 2 through a curved surface.
  • the fixing method between the diaphragm support 9 and the push rod 51 can be any existing fixing method.
  • the diaphragm support 9 is sleeved and fixed on the end of the rod body 511.
  • the diaphragm support 9 may also be fixed on the end of the rod body 511 by means of screw threads, clamping connections, or the like.
  • the diaphragm pump may further include a connecting part 10, one end of the connecting part 10 is connected to the end of the rod body 511, and the other end is connected to the diaphragm 3.
  • the diaphragm support 9 is sleeved and fixed on the end of the rod body 511 and the connecting member 10.
  • the connecting member 10 is integrally formed on the end of the rod body 511. In other embodiments, the connecting member 10 and the rod body 511 are separately provided. Optionally, an insertion groove is provided at the end of the rod body 511, and the connecting component 10 is inserted into the insertion groove. Wherein, the connecting member 10 may be a screw or other structural parts.
  • the diaphragm pump in this embodiment may be a single diaphragm pump or a double diaphragm pump.
  • the following embodiments will specifically describe the structure of the single diaphragm pump and the double diaphragm pump.
  • the application of the diaphragm pump in agricultural plant protection is taken as an example.
  • the agricultural plant protection machine includes a pipeline and a storage liquid for storing pesticides. Box 200 and spray head 300.
  • the diaphragm pump is a single diaphragm pump, and the pump cover 2 and the diaphragm 3 each include one.
  • One end of the push rod 51 is connected with the diaphragm 3, and the push rod 51 reciprocates linearly, driving the diaphragm 3 closer to or away from the pump cover 2, correspondingly to reduce or increase the cavity, and the push rod 51 squeezes the diaphragm 3 (that is, the push rod 51 drives the diaphragm 3 to move toward the pump cover 2), and the push rod 51 stretches the diaphragm 3 (that is, the push rod 51 drives the diaphragm 3 to move away from the pump cover 2) to form a movement cycle.
  • the single diaphragm pump further includes a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet respectively communicating with the cavity. The liquid inlet can communicate with the liquid storage tank 200 through a pipe, and the liquid outlet can communicate with the nozzle 300 through a pipe.
  • the process of controlling the flow of pesticides by a single diaphragm pump includes: when the cavity is reduced, the cavity is connected to the pipeline through the liquid outlet, the liquid inlet is closed, and the pesticide in the cavity (which is pumped by the cavity in the first half of the movement cycle at the current moment) Pesticide) is discharged to the spray head 300 through the liquid outlet, and the spray head 300 sprays the pesticide to the designated area (farmland, woods, etc.).
  • the cavity is enlarged, the cavity is directly or indirectly connected with the liquid storage tank 200 through the liquid inlet, the liquid outlet is closed, and the pesticides in the liquid storage tank 200 enter the cavity through the liquid inlet.
  • the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are arranged on the same side of the pump cover 2, making the structure of the single diaphragm pump more compact, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the single diaphragm pump.
  • the single diaphragm pump has small size, light weight and power consumption. Small advantage, and will not affect the agricultural plant protection machine equipped with it.
  • the diaphragm pump is a double diaphragm pump.
  • the pump cover 2 includes two, and the diaphragm 3 also includes two.
  • the pump cover 2 is matched with the two diaphragms 3 correspondingly.
  • the two pump covers 2 are respectively covered on both sides of the pump body 1, and the two diaphragms 3 are respectively assembled on the corresponding pump cover 2.
  • the cavity includes two diaphragms 3 and corresponding
  • the pump cover 2 surrounds the formed third cavity and the fourth cavity.
  • one end of the push rod 51 is connected to one of the two diaphragms 3, and the other end of the push rod 51 is connected to the other of the two diaphragms 3.
  • the push rod 51 reciprocates linearly to drive the two diaphragms 3
  • the corresponding pump cover 2 is close to or far away respectively, so that the sizes of the third cavity and the fourth cavity change in opposite directions.
  • the pump cover 2 includes a first pump cover and a second pump cover
  • the diaphragm 3 includes a first diaphragm 3 and a second diaphragm 3
  • the first diaphragm 3 is matched with the first pump cover
  • the second diaphragm 3 is connected with the second pump. Cover fit.
  • the first diaphragm 3 and the second diaphragm 3 move in opposite directions.
  • the push rod 51 stretch the first diaphragm 3 and squeezes the second diaphragm 3, the first diaphragm 3 moves away from the first pump cover, and the second diaphragm 3 moves closer to the second pump cover, so that the third cavity is enlarged and The four-chamber body shrinks.
  • the push rod 51 squeezes the first diaphragm 3 and stretches the second diaphragm 3 and the push rod 51 stretches the first diaphragm 3 and squeezes the second diaphragm 3 to form a movement cycle.
  • the diaphragm pump further includes a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet respectively communicating with the third cavity, and a second liquid inlet and a second liquid outlet communicating with the fourth cavity respectively, and the first The liquid inlet, the first liquid outlet, the second liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet can be connected to the pipeline, so that the first liquid inlet, the first liquid outlet, the second liquid inlet and the second liquid inlet can be controlled by The opening and closing of the second liquid outlet controls the liquid flow direction of the pipeline.
  • the process of controlling the flow direction of the pesticide by the double diaphragm pump includes: when the third cavity is reduced and the fourth cavity is enlarged, the first liquid inlet and the second liquid inlet are connected to the pipeline, and the first liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet are connected. shut down.
  • the first liquid outlet and the second liquid inlet are opened under the action of the flow of the pesticide, and the first liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet are closed under the action of the flow of the pesticide.
  • the third cavity discharges the pesticides in the third cavity (the pesticides sucked by the third cavity in the first half of the movement cycle of the current moment) to the spray head 300 through the first liquid outlet and the pipe. Spray pesticides to designated areas (farms, woods, etc.).
  • the fourth cavity sucks pesticides from the liquid storage tank 200 through the second liquid inlet and the pipeline and stores them in the fourth cavity. Since the first liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet are closed, the third cavity will not suck pesticides from the liquid storage tank 200 through the first liquid inlet and the pipe, and the fourth cavity will not pass through the second liquid outlet. The port and the pipe discharge the pesticide in the fourth cavity.
  • the first liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet are connected with the pipeline, and the first liquid outlet and the second liquid inlet are closed.
  • the first liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet are opened under the action of the flow of the pesticide, and the first liquid outlet and the second liquid inlet are closed under the action of the flow of the pesticide.
  • the fourth cavity discharges the pesticide in the fourth cavity (the pesticide sucked by the fourth cavity in the first half of the movement cycle of the current moment) to the spray head 300 through the second liquid outlet and the pipe, and the spray head 300 Spray pesticides to designated areas.
  • the third cavity sucks pesticides from the liquid storage tank 200 through the first liquid inlet and the pipeline and stores them in the third cavity. Since the first liquid outlet and the second liquid inlet are closed, the third cavity will not discharge pesticides in the third cavity through the first liquid outlet and the pipe, and the fourth cavity will not pass through the second liquid inlet.
  • the ports and pipes suck pesticides from the storage tank 200.
  • the fourth cavity discharges pesticides; when the fourth cavity sucks pesticides, the third cavity discharges pesticides.
  • the dual-cavity design ensures the continuity of pesticide discharge and reduces The flow is pulsating; and the two diaphragms 3 are respectively assembled on the corresponding pump cover 2 to form two cavities, which have strong corrosion resistance, and the design of the two cavities can increase the flow and pressure of the diaphragm pump.
  • the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet, and the second liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet are respectively provided on the same side of the corresponding pump cover 2.
  • the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are arranged on the same side of the corresponding pump cover 2, and the structure of the double diaphragm pump is more compact, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the double diaphragm pump.
  • the double diaphragm pump of this embodiment has the advantages of small size, light weight, and low power consumption, and will not affect the agricultural plant protection machine equipped with it.
  • the diaphragm pump may further include a first one-way valve 40, a second one-way valve 50 and a valve cover 30.
  • the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are respectively connected to the cavity
  • the first one-way valve 40 is used to control the opening and closing of the liquid inlet
  • the second one-way valve 50 is used to control the opening and closing of the liquid outlet.
  • the valve cover 30 of this embodiment is used to fix the first one-way valve 40 and the second one-way valve 50, so that the first one-way valve 40 and the second one-way valve 50 are integrated through the valve cover 30.
  • the valve cover 30 is detachably connected to the pump body 1 to fix the first check valve 40 and the second check valve 50 on the pump body 1, thereby connecting the first check valve 40 and the first check valve 40
  • the two one-way valves 50 are integrated into the pump body 1.
  • the first one-way valve 40 and the second one-way valve 50 of this embodiment are Since the valve cover 30 is integrated to the pump body 1, after the diaphragm 3 is disassembled, the first one-way valve 40 and the second one-way valve 50 are still integrated to the pump body 1 through the valve cover 30 without being affected by the diaphragm. 3 The impact of disassembly.
  • the valve cover 30 and the pump cover 2 are separately provided. After the pump cover 2 is disassembled, the first check valve 40 and the second check valve 50 are still fixed on the valve cover 30 and will not be disassembled by the pump cover 2. influences.
  • the diaphragm pump of the embodiment of the present invention adds a valve cover 30 that is independent of the pump cover 2, and integrates two one-way valves (the first one-way valve 40 and the second one-way valve 50) on the valve cover 30, and Through the detachable connection of the valve cover 30 and the pump body 1, the two one-way valves are integrated into the pump body 1.
  • the two one-way valves will not be affected by the removal of the pump cover 2 and the diaphragm 3, thus avoiding one-way The risk of valve loss; in addition, two one-way valves are fixed by the valve cover 30, and there is no need to design a valve seat for each one-way valve separately, which reduces the number of parts and saves manufacturing and installation costs.
  • the first one-way valve 40 of this embodiment includes a first one-way valve spool 410 and a first elastic member 420.
  • the first one-way valve spool 410 and the first elastic member 420 cooperate, and the first one-way valve spool 410 is fixed on the pump body 1, and the first elastic member 420 is fixed on the valve cover 30.
  • one end of the first check valve spool 410 is fixedly connected to the first elastic member 420, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pump body 1, and the end of the first elastic member 420 away from the first check valve spool 410 is connected to the valve cover 30. Fixed connection.
  • the fixing method of the first check valve spool 410 and the pump body 1 can be set according to requirements.
  • the first check valve spool 410 can be directly fixed on the pump body 1 or indirectly on the pump body 1.
  • the first one-way valve spool 410 can be indirectly fixed on the pump body 1 via a valve seat.
  • the pump body 1 is provided with a first groove (not shown), and the first check valve core 410 is inserted into the first groove.
  • the fixing method of the first elastic member 420 and the valve cover 30 can also be set as required. See also FIG. 8.
  • the valve cover 30 is provided with a first fixing portion 310, and the first elastic member 420 is sleeved and fixed on the first fixing portion 310 .
  • the first groove and the first fixing portion 310 are disposed opposite to each other, making the structure more compact.
  • the first elastic member 420 is a spring, one end of which is sleeved and fixed on the first fixing portion 310 and the other end is sleeved and fixed on the first check valve core 410.
  • the first elastic member 420 may also be other elastic structures, and the fixing manner between the first elastic member 420 and the valve cover 30 is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation manner.
  • the second one-way valve 50 may include a second one-way valve spool 510 and a second elastic member 520.
  • the second one-way valve spool 510 is matched with the second elastic member 520, and the second one-way valve
  • the valve core 510 is fixed on the valve cover 30, and the second elastic member 520 is fixed on the pump body 1.
  • one end of the second check valve spool 510 is fixedly connected to the second elastic member 520, and the other end is fixedly connected to the valve cover 30, and the end of the second elastic member 520 away from the second check valve spool 510 is connected to the pump body 1 Fixed connection.
  • the fixing method of the second one-way valve spool 510 and the valve cover 30 can be set as required.
  • the second one-way valve spool 510 can be directly fixed on the valve cover 30 or indirectly on the valve cover 30.
  • the second one-way valve core 510 can be indirectly fixed on the valve cover 30 through the valve seat.
  • the valve cover 30 is provided with a second groove (not marked Out), the second one-way valve spool 510 is inserted into the second groove.
  • the fixing method of the second elastic member 520 and the pump body 1 can also be set according to the setting.
  • the second groove and the second fixing portion 13 are arranged opposite to each other, making the structure more compact.
  • the second elastic member 520 is a spring, one end of which is sleeved and fixed on the second fixing portion 13, and the other end is sleeved and fixed on the second check valve core 510.
  • the first elastic member 420 may also be other elastic structures, and the fixing manner between the second elastic member 520 and the pump body 1 is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation manner.
  • the first fixing portion 310 and the second groove are spaced apart on the valve cover 30.
  • the valve cover 30 has a receiving groove in which the first protrusion and the second groove are both received. In the groove, the design of the valve cover 30 is more reasonable and compact.
  • valve cover 30 and the pump body 1 can be fixedly connected by any existing detachable connection method, such as threaded or snapped connection.
  • the valve cover 30 of this embodiment is arranged between the pump body 1 and the pump cover 2.
  • the pump cover 2 is detachably connected to the pump body 1, but is separated from the valve cover 30 or in contact with the valve cover 30 but not connected. After the diaphragm 3 is damaged, the pump cover 2 can be removed from the pump body 1.
  • the disassembly facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the diaphragm 3, and after the pump cover 2 is disassembled, the first check valve 40 and the second check valve 50 are still fixed to the pump body 1 by the valve cover 30. It can be seen whether the pump cover 2 is disassembled or not. It will not affect the first check valve 40 and the second check valve 50.
  • the connection mode between the pump cover 2 and the pump body 1 can be any existing detachable connection mode, such as screw thread, snap connection, etc.
  • the pump cover 2 and the pump body 1 and the valve cover 30 are respectively detachably connected. After the diaphragm 3 is damaged, the pump cover 2 can be removed from the pump body 1 and the valve cover 30 to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of the diaphragm 3. After the pump cover 2 is removed, the first one-way valve 40 and the second one-way valve 50 Still fixed to the pump body 1 by the valve cover 30, it can be seen that the removal of the pump cover 2 will not affect the first one-way valve 40 and the second one-way valve 50.
  • the connection mode between the pump cover 2 and the pump body 1 and the valve cover 30 can be any existing detachable connection mode, such as screw thread, snap connection, etc.
  • the first check valve 40 includes a first liquid inlet check valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first liquid inlet and a second liquid inlet check valve for controlling the opening and closing of the second liquid inlet
  • the second one-way valve 50 includes a first liquid-out one-way valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first liquid outlet and a second liquid-out one-way valve for controlling the opening and closing of the second liquid outlet.
  • the first liquid outlet check valve and the second liquid inlet check valve are opened, and the first liquid inlet check valve and the second liquid outlet check valve are closed to make The first liquid outlet and the second liquid inlet are connected to the pipeline, and the first liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet are closed;
  • the third cavity is enlarged and the fourth cavity is reduced, the first liquid inlet check valve and The second liquid outlet check valve is opened, the first liquid outlet check valve and the second liquid inlet check valve are closed, so that the first liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet communicate with the pipeline, and the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet The second liquid inlet is closed.
  • the valve cover 30 includes a first valve cover and a second valve cover.
  • the first inlet check valve and the first outlet check valve are fixed on the first valve cover, and the first inlet check valve and the first outlet check valve are fixed on the first valve cover.
  • the one-way valve is detachably fixed on the pump body 1 through the first valve cover.
  • the second liquid inlet check valve and the second liquid outlet check valve are fixed on the second valve cover, and the second liquid inlet check valve and the second liquid outlet check valve are detachably fixed to the pump body through the second valve cover 1 on.
  • the first valve cover is detachably connected to the side of the pump body 1 facing the first pump cover to fix the first liquid inlet check valve and the first liquid outlet check valve on the pump body 1.
  • the second valve cover is detachably connected to the side of the pump body 1 facing the second pump cover to fix the second liquid inlet check valve and the second liquid outlet check valve on the pump body 1.
  • the first liquid inlet check valve is opposite to the second liquid inlet check valve, and the first liquid outlet check valve is opposite to the second liquid outlet check valve, making the structure of the double diaphragm pump more The compactness is conducive to the miniaturization design of the double diaphragm pump.
  • an embodiment of the present invention also provides an agricultural plant protection machine, including a frame 100, a liquid storage tank 200 for storing pesticides, a pipe connected to the liquid storage tank 200, a plurality of spray heads 300, and the Pump device 400.
  • the pump device 400 can pump pesticides from the liquid storage tank 200 to the spray head 300, and the spray head 300 sprays the pesticides to spray the pesticides on the crops.
  • the agricultural plant protection machine of this embodiment may be a plant protection drone, a pesticide spraying vehicle or a human spraying device.
  • the liquid inlet of the pump device 400 communicates with the liquid storage tank 200 through a pipe
  • the liquid outlet of the pump device 400 communicates with the spray head 300 through a pipe.
  • the pump device 400 pumps pesticides from the liquid storage tank 200 to the spray head 300, and the spray head 300 sprays the pesticides to spray the pesticides on the crops.
  • the pump device 400 is fixedly connected to the frame 100.
  • the frame 100 includes a fuselage 110 and a tripod 120 connected to the bottom of the fuselage 110.
  • the pump body 1 or the pump cover 2 of the pump device 400 is installed on the tripod 120, and the pump body 1 or
  • the fixed connection method between the pump cover 2 and the bottom of the tripod 120 can be any existing fixing method, for example, screw thread, clip connection, etc.
  • the frame 100 may further include an arm 130 connected to the main body 110, and the spray head 300 is provided at an end of the arm 130 away from the main body 110.

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Abstract

一种泵装置及农业植保机，泵装置包括：设有进液口(11)和出液口(12)的泵体(1)；及泄压装置(60)，泄压装置包括主阀(610)、连接在主阀上的先导阀(620)及引流通道(630)；主阀包括与出液口连通的进液部(611)、与进液口连通的出液部(612)及第一阀芯(613)；先导阀包括第二阀芯(621)和第一通道(622)；引流通道的一端与出液口连通，另一端设有第一引流口(631)，第二阀芯能够密封第一引流口；当泵体内的液压超过预设压力阈值时，第二阀芯在农药的顶持力作用下与第一引流口相分离，农药进入第一通道，使得第一阀芯靠近出液部的一端与第一阀芯远离出液部的一端形成压差，实现泄压。

Description

泵装置及农业植保机 技术领域
本发明涉及泵领域，尤其涉及一种泵装置及农业植保机。
背景技术
压力式喷洒系统由于具备喷洒均匀、雾滴沉降性好、喷幅广、结构简单等优点，近年来被广泛应用于农业植保机等装置上。相关技术中的压力式喷洒系统一般由水泵和喷嘴组成，由于喷嘴的流量和压力一一对应，故通常采用压力计或流量计等传感器检测喷嘴的压力，然后根据检测到的喷嘴的压力调整水泵的转速，实现喷洒流量的精确控制。该方式依赖于传感器，存在结构复杂、成本高、传感器容易坏、维护困难等问题；并且，当传感器损坏以后，不仅喷洒流量控不准，水泵损坏的风险也大大增加；另外，由于水泵的老化和装配差异，导致水泵之间存在差异，这就要求控制系统根据传感器的信号变化实时改变水泵转速，通过闭环控制对喷洒流量进行控制，控制成本和可靠性较低。
发明内容
本发明提供一种泵装置及农业植保机。
具体地，本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的：
根据本发明的第一方面，提供一种农业植保机的泵装置，用于泵取农药至喷头，所述泵装置包括：
泵体，设有进液口和出液口，所述进液口通过流道与所述出液口连通；以及
泄压装置，所述泄压装置包括主阀、连接在所述主阀上的先导阀、及引流通道；
所述主阀包括与所述出液口连通的进液部、与所述进液口连通的出液部、及第一阀芯，所述第一阀芯能够密封所述进液部和所述出液部；
所述先导阀包括第二阀芯和第一通道，所述第一阀芯远离所述出液部的一端可移动且密封连接在所述第一通道内；
所述引流通道的一端与所述出液口连通，另一端设有第一引流口，所述第二阀芯能够密封所述第一引流口，以将所述引流通道与所述第一通道隔开；
其中，当泵体内的液压超过预设压力阈值时，所述第二阀芯在农药的顶持力作用下与所述第一引流口相分离，农药进入所述第一通道，使得所述第一阀芯靠近所述出液部的一端与所述第一阀芯远离所述出液部的一端形成压差，所述第一阀芯能够在所述出液部中的农药的顶持力作用下与所述进液部和所述出液部相分离，农药由所述 出液部流出。
根据本发明的第二方面，提供一种农业植保机，包括机架、用于存储药液的储液箱、与储液箱相连通的管道以及喷头，还包括用于将所述储液箱的药液泵取至所述喷头的泵装置，所述泵装置包括：
泵体，设有进液口和出液口，所述进液口通过流道与所述出液口连通；以及
泄压装置，所述泄压装置包括主阀、连接在所述主阀上的先导阀、及引流通道；
所述主阀包括与所述出液口连通的进液部、与所述进液口连通的出液部、及第一阀芯，所述第一阀芯能够密封所述进液部和所述出液部；
所述先导阀包括第二阀芯和第一通道，所述第一阀芯远离所述出液部的一端可移动且密封连接在所述第一通道内；
所述引流通道的一端与所述出液口连通，另一端设有第一引流口，所述第二阀芯能够密封所述第一引流口，以将所述引流通道与所述第一通道隔开；
其中，当泵体内的液压超过预设压力阈值时，所述第二阀芯在农药的顶持力作用下与所述第一引流口相分离，农药进入所述第一通道，使得所述第一阀芯靠近所述出液部的一端与所述第一阀芯远离所述出液部的一端形成压差，所述第一阀芯能够在所述出液部中的农药的顶持力作用下与所述进液部和所述出液部相分离，农药由所述出液部流出。
由以上本发明实施例提供的技术方案可见，本发明的泵装置，通过在出液口增加泄压装置，实现了泵装置的超压保护，并保证出液口压力恒定，从而保证流量的一致性；并且，通过主阀和先导阀配合的方式，能够提高稳压精度；此外，泄压装置采用开环控制，反应及时、稳定性高、成本低。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明一实施例中的泵装置的立体示意图；
图2是本发明一实施例中的泵装置的剖面示意图；
图3是本发明一实施例中的泄压装置的立体示意图；
图4是本发明一实施例中的泄压装置的剖面示意图；
图5是本发明另一实施例中的泵装置的立体示意图；
图6是本发明另一实施例中的泵装置的剖面示意图；
图7是图6所示实施例中的泵装置的局部放大图；
图8是本发明一实施例中的泵装置在另一方向上的剖面示意图；
图9是本发明一实施例中的农业植保机的立体示意图。
附图标记：
100：机架；110：机身；120：脚架；130：机臂；200：储液箱；300：喷头；400：泵装置；
1：泵体；11：进液口；12：出液口；13：第二固定部；
2：泵盖；
3：隔膜；
4：腔体；
5：驱动机构；51：推杆；511：杆体；512：凸起；52：线圈组件；521：线圈；522：座体；53：第三弹性复位件；
6：第一收容部；
7：第二收容部；
8：快拆件；
9：隔膜支撑；
10：连接部件；
20：端盖；
30：阀盖；310：第一固定部；
40：第一单向阀；410：第一单向阀阀芯；420：第一弹性件；
50：第二单向阀；510：第二单向阀阀芯；520：第二弹性件；
60：泄压装置；610：主阀；611：进液部；612：出液部；613：第一阀芯；614：第一阀体；615：第一腔体；616：第一弹性复位件；617：第一滑动凸起；6171：第二引流口；620：先导阀；621：第二阀芯；6211：密封端；6212：第二滑动凸起；622：第一通道；623：第二阀体；624：第二腔体；625：第二弹性复位件；626：调节件；630：引流通道；631：第一引流口。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
下面结合附图，对本发明的泵装置及农业植保机进行详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施例及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。
本发明实施例提供一种泵装置，该泵装置可以应用于农业植保机，泵装置能够用于泵取农药至农业植保机的喷头。结合图1至图4，该泵装置400可包括泵体1和泄压装置60，泵体1设有进液口11和出液口12，进液口11通过流道与出液口12连通。泄压装置60包括主阀610、连接在主阀610上的先导阀620、及引流通道630。其中，主阀610包括进液部611、出液部612及第一阀芯613，进液部611与出液口12连通，出液部612与进液口11连通，第一阀芯613能够密封进液部611和出液部612。先导阀620包括第二阀芯621和第一通道622，第一阀芯613远离出液部612的一端可移动且密封连接在第一通道622内。引流通道630的一端与出液口12连通，引流通道630的另一端设有第一引流口631，第二阀芯621能够密封第一引流口631，以将引流通道630与第一通道622隔开。
在本实施例中，当泵体1内的液压超过预设压力阈值时，第二阀芯621在农药的顶持力作用下与第一引流口631相分离，农药进入第一通道622，使得第一阀芯613靠近出液部612的一端与第一阀芯613远离出液部612的一端形成压差，第一阀芯613能够在出液部612中的农药的顶持力作用下与进液部611和出液部612相分离，农药由出液部612流出，溢回进液口11，实现泵装置400的超压保护。具体的，第二阀芯621与第一引流口631相分离后，引流通道630与第一通道622连通，引流通道630内的农药能够由第一引流口631流入第一通道622，此时，第一阀芯613靠近出液部612的一端的液压即为泵体内的液压，而第一阀芯613远离出液部612的一端的液压(即第一通道622内农药的液压)小于泵体内的液压，故第一阀芯613靠近出液部612的一端的液压大于第一阀芯613远离出液部612的一端的液压，当压差大于预设压差阈值时，第一阀芯613能够在出液部612中的农药的顶持力作用下移动而与进液部611和出液部612相分离(部分分离或完全分离)，出液口12流出的农药，经进液部611流入出液部612，再溢回进液口11进入泵体1内。
当泵体1内的液压未超过预设压力阈值时，第二阀芯621密封第一引流口631，先导阀620处于关闭状态；此时，第二阀芯621靠近出液部612的一端与第一阀芯613远离出液部612的一端不存在压差，第一阀芯613密封进液部611和出液部612，即主阀610也处于关闭状态，泵装置400正常工作。
需要说明的是，预设压力阈值即为泵装置400正常运行能够承受的最大液压值，泵体1内的液压一旦超过该预设压力阈值，即可能导致泵装置400损坏。
通常，需将主阀610的刚度设计得较大，以更好地密封进液部611和出液部612，使得在泵体1内的液压未超过预设压力阈值时，泵装置400正常运行，泵装置400不会通过泄压装置60泄压；由于主阀610的刚度需要设计得较大，若直接使用主阀610泄压，则泵体1内的液压可能在超出出预设压力阈值较大值后，主阀610才能在农药的顶持力作用下打开；而实际上，泵装置400可能在泵体1内的液压在刚超过预设压力阈值时就已损坏。故通过在主阀610上增加一个刚度较小的先导阀620，一旦泵体1内的液压超过预设压力阈值时，先导阀620即能够被打开，并触发主阀610打开而实现泄压，确保泄压的及时性，提高稳压精度。
本发明实施例的泵装置400，通过在出液口12增加泄压装置60，实现了泵装置400的超压保护，并保证出液口12压力恒定，从而保证流量的一致性；并且，在泵体1内的液压超过预设压力阈值时，先打开先导阀620，通过先导阀620触发主阀610打开，实现泄压，这种主阀610和先导阀620配合的方式，能够提高稳压精度；此外，泄压装置60采用开环控制，反应及时、稳定性高、成本低。
其中，在某些实施例中，进液口11与出液口12的口径大小大致相等；当然，在某些实施例中，也可将进液口11与出液口12的口径设置成不同大小。
在某些实施例中，进液部611与出液部612的口径大小大致相等。当然，在某些实施例中，也可将进液部611与出液部612的口径设置成不同大小
可选的，在某些实施例中，进液部611的口径与出液口12的口径大小大致相等。当然，在某些实施例中，也可将进液部611的口径设计得小于出液口12的口径大小，便于进液部611和出液口12之间的安装，本实施例的进液部611可插接在出液口12中，实现进液部611和出液口12的连通。为防止农药从进液部611和出液口12的连接处泄漏，可在进液部611和出液口12的连接处设置密封结构，如橡胶层。可选的，进液部611可出液口12通过卡接、螺纹连接等现有方式连接。
可选的，在某些实施例中，出液部612与进液口11的口径大小大致相等。当然，在某些实施例中，也可将出液部612的口径设计得小于进液口11的口径大小，便于出液部612和进液口11之间的安装，本实施例的出液部612可插接在进液口11中，实现出液部612和进液口11的连通。为防止农药从出液部612和进液口11的连接处泄漏，可在出液部612和进液口11的连接处设置密封结构，如橡胶层。可选的，出液部612可进液口11通过卡接、螺纹连接等现有方式连接。
其中，引流通道630的直径小于出液部612的口径，确保在泵体1内的液压未超过预设压力阈值时，第二阀芯621不会在农药的顶持力作用下与第一引流口631分离，即通过将引流通道630的直径大小设计得小于出液部612的口径大小，保证在泵体1内的液压未超过预设压力阈值时，第二阀芯621能够牢牢密封第一引流口631。
在某些实施例中，引流通道630的直径大于或等于出液部612的口径大小的 1/10，并小于或等于出液部612的口径大小的1/5。例如，引流通道630的直径可为出液部612的口径大小的1/10、1/9、1/8、1/7、1/6或1/5，具体可根据需要选择引流通道630的直径大小。
参见图4，主阀610可包括第一阀体614，第一阀体614设有第一腔体615，进液部611和出液部612分别设于第一阀体614上，并且，进液部611和出液部612分别与第一腔体615连通。本实施例的第一阀芯613可移动设于第一腔体615内，泵体1内的液压未超过预设压力阈值时，第一阀芯613密封进液部611和出液部612；当泵体1内的液压超过预设压力阈值时，第一阀芯613在进液部611中的农药的顶持力作用下，在第一腔体615内朝向远离进液部611的方向移动而与进液部611和出液部612相分离。
为了实现第一阀芯613在第一腔体615内可移动，在某些实施例中，第一阀芯613的外侧壁设有第一滑动凸起617，第一滑动凸起617与第一阀体614的内侧壁滑动连接。可选的，第一滑动凸起617为圆环状结构。当然，第一滑动凸起617并不限于环状结构，也可为其他形状。可选的，第一滑动凸起617一体成型于第一阀芯613。可以理解，也可采用其他结构方式来实现第一阀芯613在第一腔体615内可移动。
可选的，又参见图4，第一滑动凸起617上设有第二引流口6171，出液口12经进液部611和第二引流口6171与引流通道630连通。本实施例中，引流通道630与第一腔体615连通，并且，在泵体1内的液压未超过预设压力阈值时，第二引流口6171与引流通道630之间存在间隔，在泵体1内的液压超过预设压力阈值时，该间隔能够供第一阀芯613移动。
又参见图4，先导阀620还包括第二阀体623，第二阀体623设有第二腔体624，第一通道622与第二腔体624连通，第二阀芯621可移动设于第二腔体624内。本实施例中，第一通道622通过第二腔体624与引流通道630连通。进一步的，第一阀体614与第二阀体623固定连接，从而将先导阀620固定在主阀610上，并且，先导阀620能够对主阀610进行密封。其中，第一阀体614与第二阀体623可采用如螺纹连接、卡接等现有任意连接方式实现固定连接。
可选的，第二阀芯621包括密封端6211，密封端6211插接在第一引流口631中。其中，密封端6211呈锥状，更好地密封第一引流口631。当然，密封端6211并不限于锥状，密封端6211与第一引流口631的密封方式也不限于插接方式，还可采用其他形状的密封端6211，密封端6211与第一引流口631之间也可采用其他配合方式实现密封。
为了实现第二阀芯621在第二腔体624内可移动，在某些实施例中，第二阀芯621的侧壁设有第二滑动凸起6212，第二滑动凸起6212与第二阀体623的内侧壁滑动连接。可选的，第二滑动凸起6212为圆环状结构。当然，第二滑动凸起6212并不限 于环状结构，也可为其他形状。可选的，第二滑动凸起6212一体成型于第二阀芯621。可以理解，也可采用其他结构方式来实现第二阀芯621在第二腔体624内可移动。
在某些实施例中，如图4所示，引流通道630设于第二阀体623内，有利于结构的紧凑设计。在本实施例中，当第二阀芯621密封第一引流口631时，引流通道630与第二腔体624隔开，以使引流通道630与第一通道622隔开；当第二阀芯621与第一引流口631相分离时，引流通道630与第二腔体624连通，以使引流通道630与第一通道622连通。可以理解，在某些实施例中，引流通道630也可以设于第二阀体623外。
又参见图4，主阀610还可包括收容在第一腔体615内的第一弹性复位件616，第一弹性复位件616的一端与第一阀芯613连接，另一端收容在第一通道622内并与第二阀体623连接；第一弹性复位件616用于提供一弹性回复力给第一阀芯613，并且在第一弹性复位件616的弹性回复力作用下，能够促使第一阀芯613将进液部611与出液部612密封。
具体的，当泵体1内的液压未超过预设压力阈值(即泵装置400处于正常运行状态)时，第一阀芯613在第一弹性复位件616的弹性回复力作用下密封进液部611和出液部612；当泵体1内的液压超过预设压力阈值时，由于第一阀芯613靠近出液部612的一端的液压大于第一阀芯613远离出液部612的一端的液压，当出液部612中的农药的顶持力克服第一弹性件420的弹性回复力和第一通道622中的农药的顶持力时，第一阀芯613朝右移动(如图4所示实施例)，第一弹性复位件616逐渐压缩，当第一阀芯613移动至与进液部611和出液部612相分离时，出液口12流出的农药，经进液部611流入出液部612，再溢回进液口11进入泵体1内，实现泄压。另外，在泄压过程中，第一阀芯613靠近出液部612的一端与第一阀芯613远离出液部612的一端的压差会逐渐减小直至压差为0，第一弹性件420逐渐拉伸，第一阀芯613会在第一弹性件420的弹性回复力(第一弹性件420由压缩至逐渐拉伸过程中产生的弹性回复力)作用下逐渐复位，再次密封进液部611和出液部612，从而保证泵装置400恢复正常运行状态。
在某些实施例中，第一阀芯613远离进液口11的一端设有安装槽，第一弹性复位件616的一端安装在安装槽内，从而更好地固定第一弹性件420，防止由于第一复位件不稳定导致主阀610失效。当然，也可采用其他方式将第一弹性件420固定在第一阀芯613上。
还参见图4，先导阀620还可包括收容在第二腔体624内的第二弹性复位件625，第二弹性复位件625与第二阀芯621连接，用于提供一弹性回复力给第二阀芯621。在第二弹性复位件625的弹性回复力作用下，能够促使第二阀芯621将第一引流口631密封。
具体的，当泵装置400处于正常运行状态时，第二阀芯621在第二弹性复位件625的弹性回复力作用下对第一引流口631密封。当喷头300被堵塞，泵体1内的液压超过预设压力阈值时，引流通道630内的农药顶持第二阀芯621，第二弹性复位件625逐渐压缩，当农药的顶持力克服第二弹性复位件625施加给第一阀芯613的弹性回复力时，第二阀芯621被顶开而与第一引流口631相分离，引流通道630内的农药通过第二腔体624进入第一通道622。
在泄压过程中，第二弹性复位件625逐渐拉伸，第二阀芯621会在第二弹性复位件625的回复力作用下逐渐复位，再次密封第一引流口631，从而保证隔膜泵400恢复正常运行状态。
本实施例中，预设压力阈值、农药对第二阀芯621的顶持力与第二弹性件520的弹性回复力正相关，即第二弹性件520的弹性回复力越大，预设压力阈值和农药对第二阀芯621的顶持力越大。
第二弹性复位件625施加不同大小的弹性回复力给第二阀芯621可基于不同的结构来实现，例如，在其中一实现方式中，第二阀体623还具有开口部，开口部与第二腔体624连通，第二弹性复位件625可移动插接在开口部中。第二弹性复位件625在开口部中相对于开口部移动至不同的位置时，第二弹性复位件625能够施加不同大小的弹性回复力给第二阀芯621。可选的，第二弹性复位件625挤压在开口部中。通过按压第二弹性复位件625远离第二阀芯621的一端，使得第二弹性复位件625被逐渐压缩，第二弹性复位件625施加给第二阀芯621的弹性回复力会越来越大，农药顶开第二阀芯621所需要的顶持力大小也越来越大。通过拉拔第二弹性复位件625远离第二阀芯621的一端，使得第二弹性复位件625被逐渐拉伸但第二阀芯621并未与第一引流口631分离，农药顶开第二阀芯621所需要的顶持力大小也越来越小。为满足不同泵装置400对超压保护的需求(不同泵装置400可承受的最大液压大小不同)，可根据需要来移动第二弹性复位件625在第一开口部中的位置。本实现方式中，第二弹性复位件625由柔性材质制作，如橡胶、塑胶等柔性材质。
在另一实现方式中，先导阀620还包括调节件626，调节件626与第二弹性复位件625配合，以调节第二弹性复位件625的弹性回复力的大小，使得第二弹性复位件625能够施加不同大小的弹性回复力给第二阀芯621。具体的，第二阀体623还具有开口部，开口部与第二腔体624连通。第二弹性复位件625的一端连接第二阀芯621，第二弹性复位件625的另一端连接调节件626，调节件626可转动地插接在开口部中。当调节件626在开口部中相对于开口部转动时，调节件626能够带动第二弹性复位件625的伸缩，以调节第二弹性复位件625的弹性回复力的大小。具体的，当调节件626在第一开口部中沿第一方向转动时，调节件626朝向第二阀芯621移动，使得第二弹性复位件625逐渐被压缩，第二弹性复位件625施加给第二阀芯621的弹性回复力会越来越大，农药顶开第二阀芯621所需要的顶持力大小也越来越大。当调节件626在 开口部中沿第二方向转动时，调节件626远离第二阀芯621移动，使得第二弹性复位件625逐渐被拉伸但第二阀芯621并未与第一引流口631分离，第二弹性复位件625施加给第二阀芯621的弹性回复力会越来越小，农药顶开第二阀芯621所需要的顶持力大小也越来越小。第一方向与第二方向不相同，可选的，第一方向为顺时针方向，第二方向为逆时针方向。为满足不同泵装置400对超压保护的需求(不同泵装置400可承受的最大液压大小不同)，可根据需要来转动调节件626。
调节件626的类型也可根据需要选择，可选的，调节件626为螺纹件，如螺丝，螺纹件与第一开口部通过螺纹转动连接。作为一种可行的实现方式中，第二弹性复位件625为弹簧，调节件626为螺丝。弹簧一端套设在固定端上，另一端套设在螺丝上。
此外，为方便用户调节第二弹性复位件625的伸缩，调节件626的一部分穿设第一开口部而暴露在开口部外，供用户调节。
第一弹性复位件616、第二弹性复位件625的类型可根据需要选择，在某些实施例中，第一弹性复位件616和/或第二弹性复位件625为弹簧。在某些实施例中，第一弹性复位件616和/或第二弹性复位件625由柔性材质制作，如橡胶、塑胶等柔性材质。
可选的，第一弹性复位件616的刚度大于第二弹性复位件625的刚度，以使得主阀610的刚度大于先导阀620的刚度，从而提高泄压装置60的稳压精度。
由于本实施例的泵装置400应用在农业植保机上，故对泄压装置60的耐腐蚀性存在一定的要求。在某些实施例中，泄压装置60需要选择耐腐蚀性较好的材质制作，可选的，第一阀芯613和/或第二阀芯621的材质包括黄铜、不锈钢、塑料中的一种。可以理解，第一阀芯613和第二阀芯621也可选择其他耐腐蚀性较好的材质制作。
在某些实施例中，对泄压装置60中，与农药接触的部件的表面设置耐腐蚀层，例如，在某些实施例中，第一阀体614的内侧壁和/或第二阀体623的内侧壁和/或第一阀芯613的表面和/或第二阀芯621的表面涂设有耐腐蚀层。
上述实施例的泵装置400可为隔膜泵，也可为非隔膜泵。以下实施例以泵装置400为隔膜泵为例进一步说明。
结合图1、图2以及图6，该隔膜泵还可包括隔膜3以及驱动机构5。其中，泵盖2盖设在泵体1上，泵体1设有收容腔(未标出)，隔膜3设于收容腔内，本实施例的隔膜3与泵盖2相配合，以使隔膜3与泵盖2包围形成腔体4。
驱动机构5的类型可根据需要选择，例如，在其中一些例子中，结合图1和图2，驱动机构5包括电机，电机主轴与偏心轮或曲柄滑块机构，偏心轮或曲柄滑块机构设于收容腔内，并且，偏心轮或曲柄滑块机构与隔膜3连接。本实施例通过偏心轮或者曲柄滑块机构将电机的旋转运动转化为往复运动，带动隔膜3往复运动。然而，由 于电机的存在，这种隔膜泵一般存在结构复杂、体积大、重量重、成本高等问题；并且，由于从旋转运动到往复运动需要转换机构，不可避免地带来机械效率的损失、能耗增大、续航能力下降等问题，同时转换机构的磨损也限制了隔膜泵的寿命；此外，通过旋转运动转化为往复运动后，隔膜3的行程呈现正弦变化，容积改变率不均匀，导致隔膜泵的流量和压力不均匀，隔膜泵会存在脉动现象。
为克服隔膜泵使用电机作为动力源带来的缺陷，在另一些例子中，结合图5和图6，本实施例的驱动机构5可包括推杆51、线圈组件52和第三弹性复位件53，推杆51与隔膜3相连，并且，推杆51还与第三弹性复位件53相连。本实施例的驱动机构5设于收容腔内，从而能够最大限度地减小泵体1体积。
在本实施例中，当线圈组件52交替地进行通电和断电时，推杆51能够做往复直线运动，以带动隔膜3相对泵盖2往复运动而使得腔体4减小或增大。具体的，当线圈组件52通电时，推杆51在线圈组件52的磁性吸引力作用下做正向运动；当线圈组件52断电时，推杆51在第三弹性复位件53的弹性力作用下做反向运动，正向与反向为相反的两个方向。可以理解，当线圈组件52通电时，线圈组件52会产生电磁场，线圈组件52的磁性吸引力作用于推杆51，带动推杆51做正向运动；当线圈组件52断电时，线圈组件52的电磁场消失，第三弹性复位件53的弹性力作用于推杆51，带动推杆51做反向运动而实现复位。
在不同的实现方式中，正向可反向的定义可以不相同，其中，在如图6所示的实施例中，正向为竖直向下，反向为竖直向上。而在其他实施例中，正向可为竖直向上，反向为竖直向下；或者，正向为水平朝左，反向为水平朝右等等。
本发明实施例的隔膜泵，通过在泵体1内设置线圈组件52、第三弹性复位件53以及推杆51，并通过对线圈组件52交替地进行通电和断电，直接驱动推杆51往复直线运动，结构简单、体积小巧、重量轻、成本低；并且，隔膜泵无需转换机构，效率高、散热好、节省能源、续航能力强，同时隔膜泵不存在转换机构等磨损部件，故寿命较长；此外，隔膜3行程直线变化，隔膜泵的速率均匀、脉动小、流量均匀。
线圈组件52与推杆51的结构配合方式可根据需要设计，例如，在如图6和图7所示的实施例中，推杆51包括杆体511和凸起512。杆体511用于连接隔膜3，可选的，隔膜泵为单隔膜泵，杆体511的一端连接隔膜3；可选的，隔膜泵为双隔膜泵，杆体511的两端分别连接一隔膜3。
可选的，凸起512设于杆体511侧壁。当然，凸起512也可设于杆体511的端部等其他位置。此外，凸起512可一体成型于杆体511上。当然，凸起512也可与杆体511分体设置，并且，凸起512通过卡接、螺纹连接等常规方式固定在杆体511上。
在某些实施例中，凸起512与杆体511可为相同材质，诸如，铁、镍、钴等能够在磁性吸引力作用下运动的金属材质或上述金属材质的组合。在某些实施例中，凸 起512与杆体511可为不同的材质，其中，可使用铁、镍、钴等能够在磁性吸引力作用下运动的金属材质或上述金属材质组合制作凸起512。杆体511可采用塑料等密度较小的材质制作，这样可以减轻推杆51的重量，从而减轻隔膜泵的重量。
本实施例的凸起512与线圈组件52间隔设置，当线圈组件52通电时，凸起512在线圈组件52的磁性吸引力作用下朝向正向运动，带动杆体511朝向正向运动。具体的，线圈组件52通电时，凸起512在线圈组件52的磁性吸引力作用下朝向靠近线圈组件52的方向运动，带动杆体511朝向靠近线圈组件52的方向运动；线圈组件52断电时，线圈组件52的磁性吸引力消失，凸起512在第三弹性复位件53的弹性力作用下朝向远离线圈组件52的方向运动，带动杆体511和凸起512朝向远离线圈组件52的方向运动。
在设计线圈组件52与凸起512的位置关系时，需考虑线圈组件52的磁性吸引力能够作用于凸起512，以使凸起512朝向正向运动这一策略。在某些实施例中，凸起512与线圈组件52正对，采用这样的结构设计方式，线圈组件52的磁性吸引力能够更好地作用于凸起512。当然，在某些实施例中，凸起512与线圈组件52相对设置即可，并不需要两者正对设置。
凸起512的形状也可根据需要设计，在如图6和图7所示的实施例中，凸起512为环状结构，线圈组件52套设固定在杆体511上。也即，线圈组件52也大致为环状结构，采用这样的结构设计方式，线圈组件52与推杆51的结构能够设计得更加紧凑，减小线圈组件52和推杆51的占用空间，从而可将收容腔设计得更小，有利于泵体1小型化设计；同时，采用这样的结构设计方式，确保了线圈组件52与凸起512之间为相对设置的，从而确保了线圈组件52通电产生的磁性吸引力能够作用于凸起512，也即，确保了线圈组件52的磁性吸引力能够吸引凸起512朝向靠近线圈组件52的方向运动。可以理解，凸起512的形状并不限于环状，线圈组件52与杆体511的固定方式也不限于套设方式。
第三弹性复位件53与推杆51的结构关系设计也可根据需要选择，在如图6所示的实施例中，第三弹性复位件53套设于杆体511上，且第三弹性复位件53的一端与凸起512连接，第三弹性复位件53的另一端与线圈组件52连接。也即，第三弹性复位件53设于凸起512与线圈组件52之间。当线圈组件52通电时，凸起512在线圈组件52的磁性吸引力作用下做正向运动，此时，第三弹性复位件53处于压缩状态；当线圈组件52断电时，第三弹性复位件53复位，凸起512在第三弹性复位件53的弹性力作用下做反向运动。
在某些实施例中，参见图7，凸起512与杆体511之间设有第一收容部6，线圈组件52与杆体511之间设有第二收容部7，第三弹性复位件53的一端收容在第一收容部6内，另一端收容在第二收容部7内。通过第一收容部6和第二收容部7，将 第三弹性复位件53更牢固地固定住，防止第三弹性复位件53脱落。可选的，第一收容部6和第二收容部7均为凹槽。
另外，第三弹性复位件53的类型可根据需要选择，在某些实施例中，第三弹性复位件53为弹簧。在某些实施例中，第三弹性复位件53可由柔性材质制作，如橡胶、塑胶等柔性材质。本实施例对第三弹性复位件53的材质不作具体限定。
又参见图6，隔膜泵还可包括快拆件8，线圈组件52通过快拆件8固定在泵体1上，通过快拆件8将线圈组件52可拆卸连接在泵体1上，在线圈组件52损坏后，方便将线圈组件52从泵体1上拆卸下来，从而方便线圈组件52的维修与更换。该快拆件8可为螺丝、卡扣或其他快拆结构，本实施例对快拆件8的类型不作具体限定。
还参见图6，线圈组件52可包括线圈521以及用于固定线圈521的座体522。可选的，座体522设有环形的收纳槽，线圈521绕设在座体522上并收容在所述收纳槽中。本实施例的线圈521与导线相连，该导线伸出泵体1外，线圈521能够通过导线(未标出)与控制电路连接，控制电路能够控制线圈521交替地通电和断电。其中，控制电路控制线圈521交替地通电和断电的工作原理为现有技术，此处不再赘述。
在如图6所示的实施例中，隔膜泵还包括端盖20，端盖20盖设在泵体1的底部上(泵盖2盖设在泵体1的侧壁上)，导线穿设端盖20并露出端盖20，方便与控制电路连接。
可选的，座体522套设固定在杆体511上，上述实施例的第二收容部7由座体522与杆体511形成。
在如图6所示的实施例中，隔膜泵还可包括隔膜支撑9，隔膜支撑9的一端与隔膜3远离泵盖2一侧抵接，另一端与推杆51连接。其中，隔膜支撑9与隔膜3远离泵盖2一侧的接触面积大于预设面积阈值。通过在隔膜3远离泵盖2一侧(也即隔膜3远离腔体4的一侧)抵接隔膜支撑9，并将隔膜支撑9与隔膜3远离泵盖2一侧之间的接触面的面积设计的足够大，在驱动机构5驱动隔膜3相对泵盖2做往复直线运动时，通过隔膜支撑9对隔膜3的限位，使得隔膜3沿着同一方向往复运动，而减少隔膜3在其他方向的运动，改善了隔膜3的受力状况，延长了隔膜3的使用寿命；在驱动机构5驱动隔膜3朝向泵盖2运动时，由于隔膜支撑9的抵接，隔膜3能够被充分顶起而具有足够的变形量，从而保证了腔体4的体积改变量，保证了腔体4内的农药能被完全排出。
本实施例中，隔膜3可包括连接部以及位于连接部外边缘的支撑部，连接部由驱动机构5驱动而移动，支撑部装配于对应的泵盖2上。支撑部的外边缘可分别通过卡接或者其他方式装配至泵盖2上。可选的，连接部的厚度大于隔膜3其他部分的厚度，由于连接部由驱动机构5驱动而移动，将连接部的厚度设计得较厚，连接部即使存在磨损，不会影响连接部在驱动机构5的驱动下而移动。其中，厚度是指隔膜3在 其移动方向上的厚度。
在某些实施例中，隔膜3呈圆形。当然，在其他实施例中，隔膜3也可为其他规则或不规则形状。
预设面积阈值可以通过占比(隔膜支撑9与抵接面的接触面积与抵接面的表面积的占比，其中，抵接面是指隔膜3远离泵盖2一侧的表面)的形式体现，也可以通过面积大小的方式体现。在本实施例中，隔膜支撑9与抵接面的接触面积与抵接面的表面积的占比大于或者等于80％，如85％、90％、95％或者100％等。
预设面积阈值可根据需要隔膜泵的排量需求进行设计，例如，在其中一实施例中，隔膜支撑9与抵接面的接触面积与抵接面的表面积的占比大于或者等于100％，即隔膜支撑9覆盖抵接面。驱动机构5挤压隔膜3时，在隔膜支撑9的挤压作用下，隔膜3背对抵接面的表面能够尽可能与泵盖2贴合，腔体4的体积足够小，以尽可能将腔体4内的农药排尽。
作为一种可行的实现方式，隔膜支撑9朝向隔膜3的表面的面积与抵接面的面积相等，或者隔膜支撑9朝向隔膜3的表面的面积稍大于抵接面的面积，从而确保隔膜支撑9能够覆盖隔膜3的抵接面。
作为另一种可行的实现方式，隔膜支撑9与抵接面的接触面积与抵接面的表面积的占比大于预设占比阈值、小于100％，隔膜支撑9未完全覆盖抵接面。
为更好地对隔膜3进行限位，确保隔膜3能够被充分顶起，保证隔膜3具有足够的变形量，本实施例中，隔膜支撑9的刚度大于预设刚度阈值。其中，预设刚度阈值可根据需要设计，如10N/m。可选的，隔膜支撑9为刚性件。
此外，为了减小往复运动过程中隔膜支撑9对隔膜3造成的磨损，本实施例的隔膜支撑9与隔膜3远离泵盖2一侧抵接通过弧面抵接。
隔膜支撑9和推杆51之间的固定方式可采用现有任意固定方式，本实施例中，隔膜支撑9套设固定在杆体511的端部上。在其他实施例中，隔膜支撑9也可通过螺纹、卡接等方式固定在杆体511的端部上。
在某些实施例中，结合图6和图7，隔膜泵还可包括连接部件10，连接部件10的一端与杆体511的端部连接，另一端与隔膜3连接。隔膜支撑9套设固定在杆体511的端部和连接部件10上。
在一些实施例中，连接部件10一体成型于杆体511的端部。而在另一些实施例中，连接部件10和杆体511分别独立设置。可选的，杆体511的端部设有插接槽，连接部件10插接在插接槽中。其中，连接部件10可以为螺丝，也可以为其他结构件。
本实施例的隔膜泵可以为单隔膜泵，也可以为双隔膜泵，以下实施例将对单隔膜泵和双隔膜泵的结构进行具体说明。以下实施例在对单隔膜泵和双隔膜泵的结构进 行说明时，均以隔膜泵应用在农业植保为例，其中，如图9所示，农业植保机包括管道、用于存储农药的储液箱200以及喷头300。
在一实施例中，隔膜泵为单隔膜泵，泵盖2和隔膜3分别包括一个。推杆51的一端与隔膜3相连接，推杆51往复直线运动，带动隔膜3相对泵盖2靠近或远离，对应使得腔体减小或增大，推杆51挤压隔膜3(即推杆51带动隔膜3朝向泵盖2运动)、与推杆51拉伸隔膜3(即推杆51带动隔膜3远离泵盖2运动)形成一个运动周期。本实施例中，单隔膜泵还包括分别与腔体连通的进液口和出液口，进液口可通过管道与储液箱200连通，出液口可通过管道与喷头300连通。
单隔膜泵控制农药流向的过程包括：当腔体缩小时，腔体通过出液口与管道连通，进液口关闭，腔体内的农药(由腔体在当前时刻前半个运动周期中抽吸的农药)经出液口排至喷头300，由喷头300将农药喷洒至指定区域(农田、树林等)。当腔体增大时，腔体通过进液口与储液箱200直接或间接连通，出液口关闭，储液箱200内农药由进液口进入腔体内。
可选的，进液口和出液口设于泵盖2的同一侧，使得单隔膜泵的结构更加紧凑，利于单隔膜泵的小型化设计，单隔膜泵具备体积小、重量轻、功耗小的优势，并且不会对搭载其的农业植保机的造成影响。
在另一实施例中，隔膜泵为双隔膜泵。泵盖2包括两个，隔膜3也包括两个。泵盖2与两个隔膜3对应配合，两个泵盖2分别盖设在泵体1两侧，两个隔膜3分别装配在对应的泵盖2上，腔体包括两个隔膜3与对应的泵盖2包围形成的第三腔体和第四腔体。在本实施例中，推杆51的一端与两个隔膜3中的一个连接，推杆51的另一端与两个隔膜3中的另一个连接，推杆51往复直线运动，带动两个隔膜3分别相对对应的泵盖2靠近或远离，使得第三腔体和第四腔体的大小朝着相反的方向变化。
具体而言，泵盖2包括第一泵盖和第二泵盖，隔膜3包括第一隔膜3和第二隔膜3，第一隔膜3与第一泵盖配合，第二隔膜3与第二泵盖配合。本实施例中，第一隔膜3和第二隔膜3朝着相反的方向运动。当推杆51挤压第一隔膜3并拉伸第二隔膜3时，第一隔膜3靠近第一泵盖移动，第二隔膜3远离第二泵盖移动，从而使得第三腔体缩小、第四腔体扩大。当推杆51拉伸第一隔膜3并挤压第二隔膜3时，第一隔膜3远离第一泵盖移动，第二隔膜3靠近第二泵盖移动，从而使得第三腔体扩大、第四腔体缩小。本实施例中，推杆51挤压第一隔膜3并拉伸第二隔膜3以及推杆51拉伸第一隔膜3并挤压第二隔膜3这两个过程形成一个运动周期。
进一步的，隔膜泵还包括分别与第三腔体连通的第一进液口和第一出液口以及分别与第四腔体连通的第二进液口和第二出液口，且第一进液口、第一出液口、第二进液口和第二出液口能够与管道相连通，从而可通过控制第一进液口、第一出液口、第二进液口和第二出液口的启闭来控制管道的液体流向。
双隔膜泵控制农药流向的过程包括：当第三腔体缩小，第四腔体扩大时，第一出液口、第二进液口与管道连通，第一进液口、第二出液口关闭。第一出液口和第二进液口在农药的流动作用下开启，第一进液口和第二出液口在农药的流动作用下关闭。其中，第三腔体经第一出液口和管道将该第三腔体内的农药(由第三腔体在当前时刻的前半个运动周期中抽吸的农药)排出至喷头300，由喷头300将农药喷洒至指定区域(农田、树林等)。同时，第四腔体通过第二进液口和管道从储液箱200中抽吸农药并储存在第四腔体内。由于第一进液口和第二出液口关闭，第三腔体不会通过第一进液口和管道从储液箱200中抽吸农药，第四腔体也不会通过第二出液口和管道将该第四腔体内的农药排出。
当第三腔体扩大，第四腔体缩小时，第一进液口、第二出液口与管道连通，第一出液口、第二进液口关闭。第一进液口和第二出液口在农药的流动作用下开启，第一出液口和第二进液口在农药的流动作用下关闭。其中，第四腔体经第二出液口和管道将该第四腔体内的农药(由第四腔体在当前时刻的前半个运动周期中抽吸的农药)排出至喷头300，由喷头300将农药喷洒至指定区域。同时，第三腔体通过第一进液口和管道从储液箱200中抽吸农药并储存在第三腔体内。由于第一出液口和第二进液口关闭，第三腔体不会通过第一出液口和管道将该第三腔体内的农药排出，第四腔体也不会通过第二进液口和管道从储液箱200中抽吸农药。
当第三腔体抽吸农药时，第四腔体排出农药；当第四腔体抽吸农药时，第三腔体排出农药，双腔的设计方式保证了农药排出的连续性，并减小流量脉动；并且，将两个隔膜3分别装配在对应的泵盖2上而形成两个腔体，耐腐蚀能力强，并且两个腔体的设计能够增加隔膜泵的流量和压力大小。
可选的，第一进液口和第一出液口以及第二进液口和第二出液口分别设于对应的泵盖2的同一侧。将进液口和出液口设于对应泵盖2的同一侧，双隔膜泵的结构更加紧凑，利于双隔膜泵的小型化设计。本实施例的双隔膜泵具备体积小、重量轻、功耗小的优势，并且不会对搭载其的农业植保机的造成影响。
在如图8所示的实施例中，该隔膜泵还可包括第一单向阀40、第二单向阀50和阀盖30。在本实施例中，进液口和出液口与腔体分别连通，第一单向阀40用于控制进液口启闭，第二单向阀50用于控制出液口启闭。本实施例的阀盖30用于固定第一单向阀40和第二单向阀50，从而通过阀盖30集成第一单向阀40和第二单向阀50。
在本实施例中，阀盖30可拆卸连接在泵体1上，以将第一单向阀40和第二单向阀50固定在泵体1上，从而将第一单向阀40和第二单向阀50集成至泵体1上，相比现有隔膜泵的单向阀通过阀座固定在隔膜3上的方式，本实施例的第一单向阀40和第二单向阀50由于通过阀盖30集成至泵体1上，故在隔膜3被拆卸后，第一单向阀40和第二单向阀50仍然通过阀盖30集成至泵体1上，而不会受到隔膜3拆卸的影 响。并且，阀盖30与泵盖2分别独立设置，泵盖2在被拆卸后，第一单向阀40和第二单向阀50仍然固定在阀盖30上，不会受到泵盖2拆卸的影响。
本发明实施例的隔膜泵，增加了独立于泵盖2设置的阀盖30，将两个单向阀(第一单向阀40和第二单向阀50)集成到阀盖30上，并通过阀盖30与泵体1的可拆卸连接，将两个单向阀集成到泵体1上，两个单向阀不会受到泵盖2和隔膜3被拆下的影响，避免了单向阀丢失的风险；此外，通过阀盖30固定两个单向阀，无需单独为每个单向阀设计阀座，减少了零件数量，节约了制造和安装成本。
本实施例的第一单向阀40包括第一单向阀阀芯410和第一弹性件420，第一单向阀阀芯410和第一弹性件420相配合，第一单向阀阀芯410固定在泵体1上，第一弹性件420固定在阀盖30上。具体的，第一单向阀阀芯410一端与第一弹性件420固定连接，另一端与泵体1固定连接，第一弹性件420远离第一单向阀阀芯410的一端与阀盖30固定连接。
第一单向阀阀芯410和泵体1的固定方式可根据需要设定，第一单向阀阀芯410可直接固定在泵体1上，也可间接固定在泵体1上。在其中一实施例中，第一单向阀阀芯410可通过阀座间接固定在泵体1上。在另一实施例中。参见图8，泵体1设有第一凹槽(未标出)，第一单向阀阀芯410插接在第一凹槽中。
第一弹性件420和阀盖30的固定方式也可根据需要设定，又参见图8，阀盖30设有第一固定部310，第一弹性件420套设固定在第一固定部310上。可选的，第一凹槽和第一固定部310相对而设，使得结构更加紧凑。在本实施例中，第一弹性件420为弹簧，其一端套设在固定在第一固定部310上，另一端套设固定在第一单向阀阀芯410上。可以理解的是，第一弹性件420也可以为其他弹性结构，第一弹性件420和阀盖30之间的固定方式也不限于上述实现方式。
还参见图8，第二单向阀50可包括第二单向阀阀芯510和第二弹性件520，第二单向阀阀芯510与第二弹性件520相配合，第二单向阀阀芯510固定在阀盖30上，第二弹性件520固定在泵体1上。具体的，第二单向阀阀芯510一端与第二弹性件520固定连接，另一端与阀盖30固定连接，第二弹性件520远离第二单向阀阀芯510的一端与泵体1固定连接。
第二单向阀阀芯510和阀盖30的固定方式可根据需要设定，第二单向阀阀芯510可直接固定在阀盖30上，也可间接固定在阀盖30上。在其中一实施例中，第二单向阀阀芯510可通过阀座间接固定在阀盖30上，在另一实施例中，参见图8，阀盖30设有第二凹槽(未标出)，第二单向阀阀芯510插接在第二凹槽中。
第二弹性件520和泵体1的固定方式也可根据设定，又参见图8，泵体1设有第二固定部13，第二弹性件520套设固定在第二固定部13中。可选的，第二凹槽和第二固定部13相对而设，使得结构更加紧凑。在本实施例中，第二弹性件520为弹簧， 其一端套设在固定在第二固定部13上，另一端套设固定在第二单向阀阀芯510上。可以理解的是，第一弹性件420也可以为其他弹性结构，第二弹性件520和泵体1之间的固定方式也不限于上述实现方式。
在本实施例中，第一固定部310和第二凹槽间隔设于阀盖30上，可选的，阀盖30具有一收容槽，第一凸起和第二凹槽均收纳在该收容槽中，阀盖30的设计更加合理、紧凑。
阀盖30与泵体1之间可采用现有任意可拆卸连接方式固定连接，若螺纹、卡扣连接。
为使得产品结构更加紧凑，本实施例的阀盖30设于泵体1和泵盖2之间。在一实施例中，泵盖2与泵体1可拆卸连接，而与阀盖30相分离或者与阀盖30接触但并未连接，隔膜3损坏后，可将泵盖2从泵体1上拆卸下来，方便隔膜3的维修与更换，并且泵盖2拆卸后，第一单向阀40和第二单向阀50仍然通过阀盖30固定在泵体1，可见泵盖2的拆卸与否并不会对第一单向阀40和第二单向阀50造成影响。泵盖2与泵体1之间的连接方式可选择现有任意可拆卸连接方式，如螺纹、卡扣连接等。
在另一实施例中，泵盖2与泵体1、阀盖30分别可拆卸连接的。隔膜3损坏后，可将泵盖2从泵体1和阀盖30上拆卸下来，方便隔膜3的维修与更换，并且泵盖2拆卸后，第一单向阀40和第二单向阀50仍然通过阀盖30固定在泵体1，可见泵盖2的拆卸与否并不会对第一单向阀40和第二单向阀50造成影响。泵盖2与泵体1、阀盖30之间的连接方式可选择现有任意可拆卸连接方式，如螺纹、卡扣连接等。
在双隔膜泵中，第一单向阀40包括用于控制第一进液口启闭的第一进液单向阀以及用于控制第二进液口启闭的第二进液单向阀，第二单向阀50包括用于控制第一出液口启闭的第一出液单向阀以及用于控制第二出液口启闭的第二出液单向阀。当第三腔体缩小，第四腔体扩大时，第一出液单向阀和第二进液单向阀打开，第一进液单向阀和第二出液单向阀关闭，以使得第一出液口、第二进液口与管道连通，第一进液口、第二出液口关闭；当第三腔体扩大，第四腔体缩小时，第一进液单向阀和第二出液单向阀打开，第一出液单向阀和第二进液单向阀关闭，以使得第一进液口、第二出液口与管道连通，第一出液口、第二进液口关闭。
阀盖30包括第一阀盖和第二阀盖，第一进液单向阀与第一出液单向阀固定在第一阀盖上，并且第一进液单向阀与第一出液单向阀通过第一阀盖可拆卸固定在泵体1上。第二进液单向阀和第二出液单向阀固定在第二阀盖上，并且第二进液单向阀和第二出液单向阀通过第二阀盖可拆卸固定在泵体1上。具体的，第一阀盖可拆卸连接在泵体1朝向第一泵盖的一侧，以将第一进液单向阀与第一出液单向阀固定在泵体1上。第二阀盖可拆卸连接在泵体1朝向第二泵盖的一侧，以将第二进液单向阀和第二出液单向阀固定在泵体1上。
本实施例的，第一进液单向阀与第二进液单向阀相对而设，第一出液单向阀与第二出液单向阀相对而设，使得双隔膜泵的结构更加紧凑，有利于双隔膜泵的小型化设计。
参见图9，本发明实施例还提供一种农业植保机，包括机架100、用于存储农药的储液箱200、与储液箱200相连通的管道、多个喷头300以及上述实施例的泵装置400。其中，泵装置400能够从储液箱200泵取农药至喷头300，由喷头300将农药喷出，将农药喷洒至农作物上。
本实施例的农业植保机可以为植保无人机，也可以为农药喷洒车或人力喷洒装置。
在本实施例中，泵装置400的进液口通过管道与储液箱200连通，泵装置400的出液口通过管道与喷头300连通。泵装置400从储液箱200泵取农药至喷头300，由喷头300将农药喷出，将农药喷洒至农作物上。
本实施例中，泵装置400固定连接在机架100上。以植保无人机为例，机架100包括机身110和与机身110底部相连的脚架120，泵装置400的泵体1或泵盖2装设在脚架120上，泵体1或泵盖2与脚架120底部的固定连接方式可选择现有任意固定方式，例如，螺纹、卡接等。
请再次参见图9，机架100还可包括与机身110连接的机臂130，喷头300设于机臂130远离机身110的一端。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的泵装置及农业植保机进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (36)

  1. 一种农业植保机的泵装置，用于泵取农药至喷头，其特征在于，所述泵装置包括：
    泵体，设有进液口和出液口，所述进液口通过流道与所述出液口连通；以及
    泄压装置，所述泄压装置包括主阀、连接在所述主阀上的先导阀、及引流通道；
    所述主阀包括与所述出液口连通的进液部、与所述进液口连通的出液部、及第一阀芯，所述第一阀芯能够密封所述进液部和所述出液部；
    所述先导阀包括第二阀芯和第一通道，所述第一阀芯远离所述出液部的一端可移动且密封连接在所述第一通道内；
    所述引流通道的一端与所述出液口连通，另一端设有第一引流口，所述第二阀芯能够密封所述第一引流口，以将所述引流通道与所述第一通道隔开；
    其中，当泵体内的液压超过预设压力阈值时，所述第二阀芯在农药的顶持力作用下与所述第一引流口相分离，农药进入所述第一通道，使得所述第一阀芯靠近所述出液部的一端与所述第一阀芯远离所述出液部的一端形成压差，所述第一阀芯能够在所述出液部中的农药的顶持力作用下与所述进液部和所述出液部相分离，农药由所述出液部流出。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述引流通道的直径小于所述出液部的口径。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述引流通道的直径大于或等于所述出液部的口径大小的1/10，并小于或等于所述出液部的口径大小的1/5。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述主阀包括第一阀体，所述第一阀体设有第一腔体，所述进液部和所述出液部分别设于所述第一阀体上，并分别与所述第一腔体连通，所述第一阀芯可移动设于所述第一腔体内；
    所述先导阀还包括第二阀体，所述第二阀体设有第二腔体，所述第一通道与所述第二腔体连通，所述第二阀芯可移动设于所述第二腔体内；
    所述第一阀体与所述第二阀体固定连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述第一阀芯的外侧壁设有第一滑动凸起，所述第一滑动凸起与所述第一阀体的内侧壁滑动连接；
    所述第一滑动凸起上设有第二引流口，所述出液口经所述进液部和所述第二引流口与所述引流通道连通。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述引流通道设于所述第二阀体内；
    当所述第二阀芯密封所述第一引流口时，所述引流通道与所述第二腔体隔开，以使所述引流通道与所述第一通道隔开；
    当所述第二阀芯与所述第一引流口相分离时，所述引流通道与所述第二腔体连通，以使所述引流通道与所述第一通道连通。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述第一滑动凸起为圆环状结构。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述主阀还包括收容在所述第一腔体内的第一弹性复位件，所述第一弹性复位件的一端与所述第一阀芯连接，另一端收容在所述第一通道内并与所述第二阀体连接；
    所述第一弹性复位件用于提供一弹性回复力给所述第一阀芯，并且在所述第一弹性复位件的弹性回复力作用下，能够促使所述第一阀芯将所述进液部与所述出液部密封。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述第一阀芯远离所述进液口的一端设有安装槽，所述第一弹性复位件的一端安装在所述安装槽内。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述先导阀还包括收容在所述第二腔体内的第二弹性复位件；
    所述第二弹性复位件与所述第二阀芯连接，用于提供一弹性回复力给所述第二阀芯；在所述第二弹性复位件的弹性回复力作用下，能够促使所述第二阀芯将所述第一引流口密封。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述第一弹性复位件的刚度大于所述第二弹性复位件的刚度。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述先导阀还包括调节件，所述第二阀体还具有开口部，所述开口部与所述第二腔体连通；
    所述第二弹性复位件的一端连接所述第二阀芯，另一端连接所述调节件，所述调节件可转动地插接在所述开口部中；
    当所述调节件在所述开口部中相对于所述开口部转动时，所述调节件能够带动所述第二弹性复位件的伸缩，以调节所述第二弹性复位件的弹性回复力的大小。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述调节件为螺纹件，所述第二弹性复位件为弹簧；
    所述弹性复位件的一端套设在所述第二阀芯远离所述第一引流口的一端上，所述弹性复位件的另一端套设在所述螺纹件上。
  14. 根据权利要求1或4所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述第二阀芯包括密封端，所述密封端插接在所述第一引流口中；
    其中，所述密封端呈锥状。
  15. 根据权利要求4所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述第二阀芯的侧壁设有第二滑动凸起，所述第二滑动凸起与所述第二阀体的内侧壁滑动连接。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述第二滑动凸起为圆环状结构。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述第一阀芯和/或所述第二阀芯的材质包括黄铜、不锈钢、塑料中的一种。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的泵装置，其特征在于，所述第一阀芯的表面和/或所述 第二阀芯的表面涂设有耐腐蚀层。
  19. 一种农业植保机，包括机架、用于存储药液的储液箱、与储液箱相连通的管道以及喷头，其特征在于，还包括用于将所述储液箱的药液泵取至所述喷头的泵装置，所述泵装置包括：
    泵体，设有进液口和出液口，所述进液口通过流道与所述出液口连通；以及
    泄压装置，所述泄压装置包括主阀、连接在所述主阀上的先导阀、及引流通道；
    所述主阀包括与所述出液口连通的进液部、与所述进液口连通的出液部、及第一阀芯，所述第一阀芯能够密封所述进液部和所述出液部；
    所述先导阀包括第二阀芯和第一通道，所述第一阀芯远离所述出液部的一端可移动且密封连接在所述第一通道内；
    所述引流通道的一端与所述出液口连通，另一端设有第一引流口，所述第二阀芯能够密封所述第一引流口，以将所述引流通道与所述第一通道隔开；
    其中，当泵体内的液压超过预设压力阈值时，所述第二阀芯在农药的顶持力作用下与所述第一引流口相分离，农药进入所述第一通道，使得所述第一阀芯靠近所述出液部的一端与所述第一阀芯远离所述出液部的一端形成压差，所述第一阀芯能够在所述出液部中的农药的顶持力作用下与所述进液部和所述出液部相分离，农药由所述出液部流出。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述引流通道的直径小于所述出液部的口径。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述引流通道的直径大于或等于所述出液部的口径大小的1/10，并小于或等于所述出液部的口径大小的1/5。
  22. 根据权利要求19所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述主阀包括第一阀体，所述第一阀体设有第一腔体，所述进液部和所述出液部分别设于所述第一阀体上，并分别与所述第一腔体连通，所述第一阀芯可移动设于所述第一腔体内；
    所述先导阀还包括第二阀体，所述第二阀体设有第二腔体，所述第一通道与所述第二腔体连通，所述第二阀芯可移动设于所述第二腔体内；
    所述第一阀体与所述第二阀体固定连接。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述第一阀芯的外侧壁设有第一滑动凸起，所述第一滑动凸起与所述第一阀体的内侧壁滑动连接；
    所述第一滑动凸起上设有第二引流口，所述出液口经所述进液部和所述第二引流口与所述引流通道连通。
  24. 根据权利要求22或23所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述引流通道设于所述第二阀体内；
    当所述第二阀芯密封所述第一引流口时，所述引流通道与所述第二腔体隔开，以使所述引流通道与所述第一通道隔开；
    当所述第二阀芯与所述第一引流口相分离时，所述引流通道与所述第二腔体连通， 以使所述引流通道与所述第一通道连通。
  25. 根据权利要求23所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述第一滑动凸起为圆环状结构。
  26. 根据权利要求22所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述主阀还包括收容在所述第一腔体内的第一弹性复位件，所述第一弹性复位件的一端与所述第一阀芯连接，另一端收容在所述第一通道内并与所述第二阀体连接；
    所述第一弹性复位件用于提供一弹性回复力给所述第一阀芯，并且在所述第一弹性复位件的弹性回复力作用下，能够促使所述第一阀芯将所述进液部与所述出液部密封。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述第一阀芯远离所述进液口的一端设有安装槽，所述第一弹性复位件的一端安装在所述安装槽内。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述先导阀还包括收容在所述第二腔体内的第二弹性复位件；
    所述第二弹性复位件与所述第二阀芯连接，用于提供一弹性回复力给所述第二阀芯；在所述第二弹性复位件的弹性回复力作用下，能够促使所述第二阀芯将所述第一引流口密封。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述第一弹性复位件的刚度大于所述第二弹性复位件的刚度。
  30. 根据权利要求28所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述先导阀还包括调节件，所述第二阀体还具有开口部，所述开口部与所述第二腔体连通；
    所述第二弹性复位件的一端连接所述第二阀芯，另一端连接所述调节件，所述调节件可转动地插接在所述开口部中；
    当所述调节件在所述开口部中相对于所述开口部转动时，所述调节件能够带动所述第二弹性复位件的伸缩，以调节所述第二弹性复位件的弹性回复力的大小。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述调节件为螺纹件，所述第二弹性复位件为弹簧；
    所述弹性复位件的一端套设在所述第二阀芯远离所述第一引流口的一端上，所述弹性复位件的另一端套设在所述螺纹件上。
  32. 根据权利要求19或22所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述第二阀芯包括密封端，所述密封端插接在所述第一引流口中；
    其中，所述密封端呈锥状。
  33. 根据权利要求22所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述第二阀芯的侧壁设有第二滑动凸起，所述第二滑动凸起与所述第二阀体的内侧壁滑动连接。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述第二滑动凸起为圆环状结构。
  35. 根据权利要求19所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述第一阀芯和/或所述 第二阀芯的材质包括黄铜、不锈钢、塑料中的一种。
  36. 根据权利要求19所述的农业植保机，其特征在于，所述第一阀芯的表面和/或所述第二阀芯的表面涂设有耐腐蚀层。
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