WO2020186658A1 - 一种带有信息块译码错误纠正功能的极化码编译码方法 - Google Patents
一种带有信息块译码错误纠正功能的极化码编译码方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
- H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
- H03M13/09—Error detection only, e.g. using cyclic redundancy check [CRC] codes or single parity bit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
- H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
- H03M13/13—Linear codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of 5G communication technology, in particular to a polarization code encoding and decoding method with information block decoding error correction function.
- the polarization code proposed by Arikan has been proved to be a coding scheme that achieves the channel capacity in arbitrary binary input discrete memoryless channels (B-DMCs).
- This scheme uses serial cancellation (SC) algorithm to decode, and has relatively high Low coding and decoding complexity. Due to insufficient bit channel polarization, the SC decoding performance of medium code length polarization codes is not ideal.
- SC serial cancellation
- the prior art proposes a serial cancellation list (SCL) decoding algorithm whose error performance can be compared with low density parity check (LDPC) codes.
- Belief Propagation (BP) decoding algorithm is another decoding algorithm based on polarization code factor graph. Its decoding performance is better than SC algorithm and supports parallel decoding, but the performance of BP decoding algorithm is still not as good as SCL algorithm. .
- serial cancellation (SC) decoding When the code length is limited, the error performance of polarization codes using serial cancellation (SC) decoding is considered to be unsatisfactory.
- SC serial cancellation
- the serial cancellation list (SCL) algorithm is the best decoding algorithm for polarization codes today. .
- the SCL algorithm has disadvantages such as complex decoding and high delay.
- the purpose of the present invention is to solve the defect that the decoding performance of the polarization code in the prior art is not ideal under the condition of limited code length, and to provide a polarization code encoding and decoding method with information block decoding error correction function. The above problem.
- a polarization code encoding and decoding method with information block decoding error correction function includes the following steps:
- Screen channel Calculate the channel parameter matrix P e , filter out the information bit channel and the frozen bit channel according to the channel parameter matrix P e , and put the information bit channel into the set I and the frozen bit channel into the set F, and then Select the K p channels with the worst information bit protection capability from the set I and put them into the set in;
- the even information block U even obtains K p mutual information bits from the odd information block U odd to form an input bit vector with a length of K i +K p ; the odd information block and the even information block add a CRC check code and perform encoding transmission ;
- the screening channel includes the following steps:
- the construction of the information block and encoding transmission includes the following steps:
- Mutual information bit insertion insert K p mutual information bits in the odd information block U odd into the even information block U even so that the positions of the mutual information bits in the odd information block and the even information block are the same;
- the process of receiving and decoding the codeword signal transmitted by the parity information block includes the following steps:
- the decoder For each information frame, the decoder first receives the codeword transmitted by the odd information block U odd and the frozen bit set Generate the decoding result of U odd
- the K p mutual information bits are temporarily stored in the storage unit; the decoder starts to decode the code word received signal after the encoding of the even information block U even , and according to The decoding result is subjected to corresponding decoding processing, the specific steps are as follows:
- the decoder receives the codeword of U even and the frozen bit set Generate the decoding result of U even
- the decoder directly outputs the decoding result of the parity information block, and the decoding of the information frame ends;
- the decoder starts to decode the code word received signal after the even information block U even is encoded, and Perform corresponding operations according to the decoding results; the specific steps are as follows:
- the decoder receives the codeword of U even and the frozen bit set Generate the decoding result of U even
- the decoder receives the hard decision result of K p mutual information bits, and performs a new round of decoding on U odd to obtain the final decoding result.
- Information frame decoding ends;
- the insertion of the mutual information bit includes the following steps:
- i i+1, judge whether i is less than or equal to K p , if yes, repeat step 54) and step 55), if not, exit.
- the new round of decoding includes the following steps:
- the decoder calculates the LLR value of u i in sequence
- i i+1, judge: whether i is less than or equal to N; if yes, repeat step 63) and step 64); if not, then the decoding ends;
- the decoder is SC decoder, BP decoder or SCL decoder.
- a polarization code encoding and decoding method with information block decoding error correction function of the present invention improves the performance of polarization code decoding without increasing the decoding complexity, which greatly improves the polarization Practicality of the decoding algorithm of the transformation code.
- the present invention is realized by sharing a controllable number of mutual information bits in two consecutive coded information blocks.
- related parity information blocks share a part of information bits (mutual information bits), and CRC check bits are added to each information block.
- the correctly decoded information block can provide the hard decision information of the mutual information bit to the information block that decodes the error.
- the mutual information bit Reasonable design of the position the information block with decoding error can be awakened and a new round of decoding can be carried out.
- the low-level decoder of the memory polarization code can be an SC, BP or SCL decoder.
- the performance of memory polarized codes with SCL decoder can be compared with that of a single SCL decoder when the number of lists is 2L. It is worth noting that the memory polarized code achieves the above-mentioned error correction performance while maintaining the same decoding complexity as the underlying decoder.
- Figure 1 is a sequence diagram of the method of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of bit input operation during the encoding process of the polarization code with memory according to the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a model diagram of the encoding and decoding system when the polarized code with memory according to the present invention adopts SC decoding;
- FIG. 4 is a comparison diagram of BER performance when SC decoding and BP decoding are used for the polar code with memory according to the present invention
- Fig. 5 is a comparison diagram of FER performance when SC decoding and BP decoding are used for the polar code with memory according to the present invention
- Fig. 6 is a comparison diagram of FER performance when SCL decoding is used for the memory polarized code according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the result of additional decoding (a new round of SC decoding) rate of the memory polarized code according to the present invention.
- the existing construction method such as the Tal-Vardy algorithm or the Gaussian approximation method
- a polarization code encoding and decoding method with information block decoding error correction function includes the following steps:
- the first step is to screen channels.
- the channel parameter P e is calculated by the existing construction method, such as the Tal-Vardy algorithm or the Gaussian approximation method, the information bit channel and the frozen bit channel are filtered out according to the channel parameter matrix P e , and the information bit channel is put into the set I, The frozen bit channels are put into the set F, and then the K p channels with the worst information bit protection capability are selected from the set I and put into the set in.
- the specific steps are as follows:
- the existing Tal-Vardy algorithm or Gaussian approximation method is used to obtain the channel parameter matrix P e containing the error probability value of each split channel.
- A1 For the channel parameter matrix P e of the bit channel, call the sort function in matlab according to the existing method, and sort the elements in P e in ascending order according to the error probability of each split channel.
- the function returns the sorted channel parameter matrix P temp , And the position index matrix P idx of each element in P temp in P e .
- K is the number of information bits of the polarization code, that is, the number of information bits in a polarization code encoding information block
- K crc is the CRC correction in each information block The number of check bits
- the number of check bits is sorted in ascending order and put into the information bit channel set I, and the remaining elements of P idx are sorted in ascending order and put into the frozen bit channel set F.
- every two consecutively transmitted information blocks share K p mutual information bits.
- the location of the mutual information bits is to find an optimal way to place these mutual information bits in two information blocks (odd information block and even information block).
- Theorem 1 Set As the index of the mutual information bit channel, the smallest union upper bound can be produced.
- odd information block a new round of decoding occurs in a certain information block
- a new round of decoding occurs on an odd information block.
- the equivalent of an odd information block is a collection of information bits Coded. This is because even information blocks are decoded correctly, so the mutual information bits are treated as frozen bits.
- the upper bound of the union of odd information blocks is:
- the parity information block is constructed and encoded and transmitted.
- each information frame contains 2K i +K p information bits.
- the even information block U even obtains K p mutual information bits from the odd information block U odd to form an input bit vector with a length of K info ; the odd information block and the even information block add a CRC check code and perform encoding transmission.
- the third step is to receive the code word signal transmitted by the parity information block and perform the decoding process. Receive and decode the codeword signals transmitted by the odd and even information blocks; send the decoding result to the CRC check module, and return the check result through the CRC; choose whether to perform a new one according to the check result returned by the CRC Decoding of rounds.
- the encoded codeword signal is transmitted in the symmetric B-DMC channel W and is observed at the receiving end.
- the receiving end collects codewords with a length of 2N each time: the first N are codeword signals of odd information blocks, and the rest are codewords of even information blocks.
- the decoder generates for each information block Decoding result Then send to CRC check, the possible CRC check result is:
- the decoder repeats the decoding process until the last information bit, all belonging to the set
- the bits are regarded as frozen bits.
- the underlying decoder of the polar code with memory is a BP decoder
- the best way is to belong to the set
- the information bits are treated as frozen bits, that is, the LLR value corresponding to the sender is set to ⁇ , instead of directly using the LLR value in the odd information block.
- the new round of decoding process for odd information blocks in case 3 is the same as in case 2.
- the decoder first receives the codeword and frozen bit set transmitted by the odd information block U odd Generate the decoding result of U odd
- the decoder receives the codeword of U even and the set of frozen bits Generate the decoding result of U even
- the decoder performs a new round of decoding on U even . Its core idea is to treat the known correctly decoded K p mutual information bits as frozen bits, so the mutual information bit channel matrix must be obtained And the mutual information bit itself, the steps are as follows:
- the decoder first calculates the LR value of u i ;
- the decoder receives the codeword of U even and the set of frozen bits Generate the decoding result of U even
- the decoder receives the hard decision result of K p mutual information bits, and performs a new round of decoding on U odd ,
- the decoding method of the new round is the same as the steps of the aforementioned decoder performing a new round of decoding on U even , so as to obtain the final decoding result, and the decoding of the information frame ends;
- the group error rate of the polarization code compiled by the method of the present invention includes the following two parts:
- Part 1 Parity information blocks are decoded incorrectly, corresponding to the above situation 4;
- the probability is For the first part, the probability is For the second part, the information bits of the new round of decoding are set The group error rate is P′ B , so the error probability is P B (1-P B )P′ B. Therefore, the new group error rate of the memory polarization code is:
- Formula (7) shows that the error rate of PCM can reach the square level of the original error rate.
- FIG. 3 is a model diagram of the encoding and decoding system when the polar code with memory is decoded using SC in the present invention.
- the sequentially input message bits are divided into blocks first, and a parity information block is constructed, and then a CRC check code is added under the action of the control switch, and then encoded, and transmitted in the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel.
- AWGN additive white Gaussian noise
- FIG. 4 is a comparison diagram of the BER performance of the polar code with memory in the present invention when SC decoding and BP decoding are used.
- FIG. 5 is a comparison diagram of PER performance when using SC decoding and BP decoding for the polar code with memory according to the present invention; the simulation parameters of FIG. 5 are consistent with those of FIG. 4. It can be seen from Figure 5 that the PER performance of the polarized code with memory maintains the same trend as Figure 4.
- FIG. 6 is a comparison diagram of PER performance when SCL decoding is used for the polar code with memory according to the present invention; the simulation parameters of FIG. 6 are consistent with those of FIG. 4. It can be seen from the figure that when the memory polarization code uses SCL decoder as the bottom decoder, when the number of lists is L, its PER performance can reach the performance of a single SCL decoder list of 2L. .
- FIG. 7 is the ratio of additional decoding required when the SC decoding algorithm of the polar code with memory according to the present invention is transmitted in the AWGN channel, and its parameters are the same as those in FIG. 4.
- Curve P B represents the group error rate of purely polarized codes.
- the circled black line represents the ratio of the number of groups with additional decoding to the total number of groups, and the black solid line with stars represents the number of groups with additional decoding and correct decoding.
- the average percentage of the total number of stations with the number of additional decoding groups can be expressed by the following formula:
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Claims (7)
- 一种带有信息块译码错误纠正功能的极化码编译码方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:11)筛选信道:计算出信道参数矩阵P e,根据信道参数矩阵P e筛选出信息位信道和冻结位信道,并将信息位信道放入集合I中、冻结位信道放入集合F中,再从集合I中挑选出信息比特保护能力最差的K p个信道放入集合 中;12)构造奇偶信息块并进行编码传输:将顺序输入的消息比特划分为若干个信息帧,每个信息帧包含2K i+K p个信息比特;每个信息帧又被划分为两个信息块,分为:奇信息块U odd,奇信息块U odd包含K info=K i+K p个信息比特,且K info=K–K crc,K为每个极化码编码模块的信息位长度,K crc为添加CRC比特的个数;偶信息块U even,偶信息块U even包含K i个信息比特;偶信息块U even从奇信息块U odd中获得K p个互信息比特,构成长度为K i+K p的输入比特向量;奇信息块和偶信息块添加CRC校验码,并进行编码传输;13)接收奇偶信息块经编码传输的码字信号并进行译码过程:接收奇信息块和偶信息块并进行译码;将译码结果送至CRC校验模块,通过CRC返回校验结果;根据CRC返回校验结果对译码错误的信息块重新译码。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种带有信息块译码错误纠正功能的极化码编译码方法,其特征在于,所述的筛选信道包括以下步骤:21)针对于所有比特信道,利用构造方法得到包含各分裂信道错误概率值的信道参数矩阵P e;221)对比特信道的信道参数矩阵P e中的元素按各分裂信道错误概率进行升序排序,得到排序过后的信道参数矩阵P temp,并求出P temp中的每个元素在P e中的索引,得到索引矩阵P idx;222)取出索引矩阵P idx中的前K个元素,K为极化码的信息位数,对其按 升序排序后放入信息位信道集合I;将P idx剩余元素按升序排序后放入冻结位信道集合F;
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种带有信息块译码错误纠正功能的极化码编译码方法,其特征在于,所述的构造信息块并进行编码传输包括以下步骤:31)将顺序输入的消息比特划分为若干个信息帧,每个信息帧包含2K i+K p个信息比特;32)对于每一个信息帧,将其前K info个信息比特放入奇信息块U odd中,剩余的K i个信息比特放入偶信息块U even中;33)互信息比特的插入:将奇信息块U odd中的K p个互信息比特插入偶信息块U even,使互信息比特在奇信息块、偶信息块中的位置相同;34)添加CRC校验码并进行传输:采用国际标准的CRC生成多项式,对于奇信息块U odd和偶信息块U even,依据上述CRC多项式,在信息比特的末端分别添加CRC校验码后进行传输。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种带有信息块译码错误纠正功能的极化码编译码方法,其特征在于,所述的接收奇偶信息块经编码传输的码字信号并进行译码过程包括以下步骤:43)若奇信息块U odd的CRC校验结果正确,则将K p个互信息比特暂存在存储单元;译码器开始对偶信息块U even编码后的码字接收信号进行译码,并且根据其译码结果进行对应的译码处理,具体步骤如下:433)若偶信息块U even的CRC校验结果正确,则译码器直接输出奇偶信息块的译码结果,该信息帧译码结束;434)若偶信息块U even的CRC校验结果错误,则译码器对U even执行新一轮的译码,得到最终的译码结果,该信息帧译码结束;44)若奇信息块U odd的CRC校验结果错误,则将N个码字的LLR值暂存在存储单元;译码器开始对偶信息块U even编码后的码字接收信号进行译码,并且根据其译码结果进行对应的操作;具体步骤如下:443)若偶信息块U even的CRC校验结果正确,则译码器接收K p个互信息比特的硬判决结果,并对U odd执行新一轮的译码,得到最终译码结果,该信息帧译码结束;444)若偶信息块U even的CRC校验结果错误,则译码失败,该信息帧译码结束。
- 根据权利要求4所述的一种带有信息块译码错误纠正功能的极化码编译码方法,其特征在于,所述的译码器为SC译码器、BP译码器或SCL译码器。
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