WO2020177921A1 - Stereolithographisch hergestellte dentale formteile und verfahren zur herstellung aus photopolymerisierbaren kompositharz-zusammensetzungen - Google Patents
Stereolithographisch hergestellte dentale formteile und verfahren zur herstellung aus photopolymerisierbaren kompositharz-zusammensetzungen Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020177921A1 WO2020177921A1 PCT/EP2020/000056 EP2020000056W WO2020177921A1 WO 2020177921 A1 WO2020177921 A1 WO 2020177921A1 EP 2020000056 W EP2020000056 W EP 2020000056W WO 2020177921 A1 WO2020177921 A1 WO 2020177921A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/08—Artificial teeth; Making same
- A61C13/082—Cosmetic aspects, e.g. inlays; Determination of the colour
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/70—Preparations for dentistry comprising inorganic additives
- A61K6/71—Fillers
- A61K6/76—Fillers comprising silicon-containing compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
- A61C13/0006—Production methods
- A61C13/0013—Production methods using stereolithographic techniques
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
- A61C13/0006—Production methods
- A61C13/0019—Production methods using three dimensional printing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/08—Artificial teeth; Making same
- A61C13/087—Artificial resin teeth
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/15—Compositions characterised by their physical properties
- A61K6/16—Refractive index
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/15—Compositions characterised by their physical properties
- A61K6/17—Particle size
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/60—Preparations for dentistry comprising organic or organo-metallic additives
- A61K6/62—Photochemical radical initiators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/60—Preparations for dentistry comprising organic or organo-metallic additives
- A61K6/65—Dyes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/60—Preparations for dentistry comprising organic or organo-metallic additives
- A61K6/65—Dyes
- A61K6/66—Photochromic dyes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/70—Preparations for dentistry comprising inorganic additives
- A61K6/78—Pigments
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
- A61K6/884—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising natural or synthetic resins
- A61K6/887—Compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
- A61K6/80—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth
- A61K6/884—Preparations for artificial teeth, for filling teeth or for capping teeth comprising natural or synthetic resins
- A61K6/891—Compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K6/896—Polyorganosilicon compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2509/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2503/00 - B29K2507/00, as filler
- B29K2509/02—Ceramics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/753—Medical equipment; Accessories therefor
- B29L2031/7532—Artificial members, protheses
Definitions
- the invention relates to a stereolithographic printing process (hereinafter also referred to as “3D printing process”) for producing molded parts using a photopolymerizable composite resin composition.
- the method according to the invention is particularly simple, quick, safe and inexpensive. It enables the production of improved molded parts, in particular improved dental prosthesis parts such as bridges and crowns.
- a well-known 3D printing process is, for example, bath-based photopolymerization such as stereolithography SLA and DLP.
- the molded parts are produced in layers (CAM) in a computer-controlled manner based on a computer-aided design (CAD).
- CAD computer-aided design
- predetermined areas of thin layers of a liquid, photopolymerizable composite resin are exposed layer by layer, resulting in polymerization in the exposed area. Hardening takes place.
- photopolymerizable resins are required that are flowable in such a way that a polymerized layer can be applied with a next thin resin layer as quickly and safely as possible, in particular without such a resin layer through an additional distribution element such as a doctor blade Stereolithography device must be generated.
- Preferred resins therefore have a dynamic viscosity of less than about 5 Pa ⁇ s at room temperature (23 ° C.).
- Difficulties associated with 3D printing processes are, in particular, the speed of the printing, the dimensional accuracy in all three spatial directions, the polymerisation shrinkage, especially in the stacking direction of the layers (z-direction), the mechanical strength of the molded parts and their color design and stability.
- Different requirements are placed on the molded parts depending on their use. Particularly high requirements are placed on dental prostheses with regard to accuracy of fit, hardness, abrasion, strength, in particular flexural strength and flexural modulus, fracture toughness, tooth color and biocompatibility.
- Tooth replacement parts made of composite resin, in particular temporary crowns and bridges, are currently still mainly produced by the dentist using a complex process with the aid of tooth impressions, tooth (blunt) models and polymerizable composite resins.
- a corresponding method is known, for example, from EP1901676B1; corresponding materials are described, for example, in EP2034946B1, EP2070506B1, EP2198824B1 and EP2512400B1.
- the composite resins for temporary crowns and bridges have a pronounced yield point, i.e. they practically do not flow at rest, while they flow when a shear stress is applied.
- crown and bridge materials usually contain mixtures of, in particular, microfine inorganic fillers in addition to free-radically polymerizable monomers, oligomers and polymers.
- WO2005 / 084611 describes a filled, polymerizable dental material that contains a binder, a nanoscale filler and a microfiller.
- the material can also be used as a temporary crown and bridge material.
- the dental materials of the examples contain between 70 and 85% by weight of filler particles.
- the nanoscale filler is obtained by organic surface modification of commercially available agglomerated-aggregated nanofillers and is dispersed in a binder. It is assumed that the mixtures of binder and modified nano-filler obtained in this way are not suitable for general use as dental material, since they have a high degree of polymerization shrinkage and low mechanical strength. These disadvantages are only reduced by mixing with micro-fillers.
- the dental materials of the examples are not flowable and not suitable for use in a 3D printer.
- the photopolymerized test specimens have flexural strengths of up to 130 MPa.
- WO2009 / 121337A2 describes a method for the stereolithographic production of medical-technical molded parts, in particular ear molds based on resin formulations, which should contain between 5 and 25% by weight of surface-modified nanoparticles, preferably between 5 and 15% by weight.
- the particles preferably have a particle size of ⁇ 100 nm.
- the dispersions sold by Clariant under the Highlink brand are described as suitable particles. These are monodisperse Si0 2 sols, in which all the particles are approximately the same size. Such sols are complex to manufacture and correspondingly expensive.
- the resin formulations contained 9.6% by weight of silanized S1O2.
- the flexural strength was 135 MPa and the modulus of elasticity was 2810 MPa.
- WO2013 / 153183 describes a method for the stereolithographic production of dental molded parts, in particular dental components in the form of inlays, onlays, crowns and bridges based on composite resins.
- the composite resins should preferably contain 40 to 90% by weight fillers.
- the composite resins of the examples each contain more than 60% by weight of a filler mixture of pyrogenic silica, barium aluminum silicate glass powder and ytterbium fluoride in a weight ratio of 3: 2: 1.
- the composite resins have a viscosity well above 5 Pa ⁇ s.
- the photopolymerized test specimens have flexural strengths of up to 84 MPa and a flexural modulus of up to 2.5 GPa.
- EP3040046A1 describes a method for the stereolithographic production of artificial teeth based on composite resins.
- the composite resins should preferably contain 5 to 70% by weight of spherical fillers with mean particle diameters of 0.01 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the present invention is based on the object of producing stereolithographically shaped dental parts, in particular crowns and bridges, inexpensively and with improved mechanical properties or at least equivalent to conventional production methods. Another task is to reduce the technical equipment required when using the stereolithographic See the printing process to be kept as low as possible, in particular to dispense with a distribution element (doctor blade) for the composite resin composition used.
- microfillers are added to the composite resin composition in addition to nanoscale fillers. Due to this admixture of micro-fillers, however, the flowability is impaired to such an extent that use in a stereolithographic process hardly appears possible.
- the applicant explains this phenomenon by the fact that the use of the special surface-modified nanoscale filler component (component “b” according to the claims) is sufficient to ensure the desired mechanical properties of the dental material even in the absence of a microfiller component Ensuring flowability of the composite resin composition as a basic requirement for use in a stereolithographic process, defined by the dynamic viscosity, which according to the claims should be below 5 Pa ⁇ s at 23 ° C.
- the above-mentioned object of the present invention was achieved solved by a stereolithographic process ("3D printing process", in particular an SLA or DLP process) using a photo-polymerizable composite resin that has a viscosity less than about 5 Pa-s, preferably less than about 3 Pa-s s and has the components according to the claims.
- 3D printing process in particular an SLA or DLP process
- a photo-polymerizable composite resin that has a viscosity less than about 5 Pa-s, preferably less than about 3 Pa-s s and has the components according to the claims.
- the present invention thus particularly relates to the use of a flowable, photopolymerizable composite resin composition with a dynamic viscosity of less than 5 Pa ⁇ s at 23 ° C., preferably less than 3 Pa ⁇ s at 23 ° C., more preferably 0.5-2.5 Pa -s at 23 ° C, more preferably 1.0-2.0 Pa-s at 23 ° C, preferably measured with a plate-plate rheometer with an upper plate diameter of 25 mm at a shear stress of 50 Pa, comprising:
- radically photopolymerizable monomers and / or oligomers preferably mixtures of radically photopolymerizable monomers and oligomers
- the primary particles of the filler have a primary particle size of less than 100 nm, preferably less than 80 nm, more preferably less than 60 nm, particularly preferably less than 40 nm, and
- said filler comprises primary filler particles dispersed in dispersion and any filler aggregates and / or filler agglomerates present, preferably at least 95% by volume, more preferably at least 98% by volume, more preferably at least 99% by volume of said dispersion present fillers comprises dispersed primary filler particles and any filler aggregates and / or filler agglomerates present, with a diameter
- nm preferably less than 800 nm, more preferably less than 600 nm, more preferably less than 400 nm, more preferably less than 200 nm, more preferably less than 150 nm,
- the nanoscale filler according to feature b) is optionally also partially agglomerated and aggregated, d.
- Subsets of the nanoparticles are agglomerated-aggregated particles, in which two or more primary particles are connected by strong forces (aggregates) and these are partly connected to other aggregates by weak forces (agglomerates).
- nanofuel open consisting only of primary particles (e.g. by the sol-gel process)
- more cost-effective alternatives such as, for example, silicon dioxide obtained by flame pyrolysis, comprising nanoscale primary particles, which are caused by strong aggregate forces (especially sintered bonds) as well weak agglomerate forces are held together in larger aggregates and / or agglomerates.
- the organic surface modification of the nanoscale filler component b) has the effect that it becomes dispersible in the composite resin and that renewed agglomeration of primary particles or aggregates / agglomerates after incorporation into the composite resin to form larger associations with an increase in viscosity does not occur.
- This organic surface modification can in particular be a silanization.
- the organic surface modification preferably introduces groups on the surface of the nanoscale fillers which can react chemically with the composite resin or have a high affinity for this composite resin.
- the flowable, polymerizable composite composition particularly preferably has an intersection between the G 'and G '' curves in a frequency sweep test between 10 2 Hz and 10 4 Hz (G ' storage modulus,
- G '' loss modulus plotted as a function of frequency
- Plate-plate rheometer with an upper plate diameter of 25 mm with a gap of 0.1 mm and a deformation of 1% from 10 Hz to 10 4 Hz.
- Said composite resin composition has an optimized optical density for the photopolymerization to be used, in particular at wavelengths of 405 nm or 385 nm. As a result, high dimensional accuracy of the dental molded parts is achieved, in particular post-curing in the z direction is reduced (z overcuring ).
- the composite resins did not show any sedimentation that would have had a disadvantageous effect on mechanical properties or the tooth color of the printed moldings.
- a photopolymerizable composite resin was obtained in which pigment microparticles also contained do not sediment during storage.
- Dental moldings improved by means of 3D printing processes could be produced in particular using a photopolymerizable composite resin containing the following core components
- radically polymerizable monomers and / or oligomers preferably mixtures of radically photopolymerizable monomers and oligomers
- an organically surface-modified and optionally partially agglomerated and / or aggregated nanoscale filler incorporated in the composite resin composition wherein
- the primary particles of the filler have a primary particle size of less than 100 nm, preferably less than 80 nm, more preferably less than 60 nm, particularly preferably less than 40 nm, and
- said filler comprises primary filler particles dispersed in dispersion and any filler aggregates and / or filler agglomerates present, preferably at least 95% by volume, more preferably at least 98% by volume, more preferably at least 99% by volume of said dispersion present fillers comprises dispersed primary filler particles and any filler aggregates and / or filler agglomerates present, with a diameter
- nm n - greater than 40 nm, preferably greater than 90 nm and - less than 1000 nm, preferably less than 800 nm, more preferably less than 600 nm, more preferably less than 400 nm, more preferably less than 200 nm, more preferably less than 150 nm,
- the dynamic viscosity of the photopolymerizable composite resin at 23 ° C is less than 5 Pa-s, preferably measured with a plate-plate rheometer with an upper plate diameter of 25 mm at a
- nanoscale filler particles comprised by the composite resin composition according to the invention can have a number of characteristics which are briefly summarized below.
- the particles b) essentially consist of aggregates of primary particles, as they typically arise during the production of pyrogenic silica.
- the size of the primary particles can be determined, for example, by transmission electron microscopy.
- the shape of the particles b) is essentially not ideally spherical, but rather irregular, in particular in aggregates.
- the particles b) are essentially present in a dispersion in small agglomerates with a diameter of less than 1000 nm or are not agglomerated.
- the particles b) have a heterodisperse size distribution.
- the particle sizes in dispersion are constantly distributed over a particle size range of at least about 40 nm and at most 1000 nm, preferably at most 600 nm.
- the particle size distribution can be determined using various methods known to those skilled in the art, for example using dynamic light scattering.
- the mean particle size diameter (z-mean of dynamic light scattering) of the filler agglomerates or aggregates and / or the individual particles in dispersion is preferably between 90 and 500 nm, more preferably between 150 and 350 nm.
- the mean particle size diameter (z- Means of dynamic light scattering) of the filler agglomerates in dispersion or . aggregates and / or individual particles can be determined, for example, by means of dynamic light scattering in 2-butanone or the mixture of the radically photopolymerizable monomers and / or oligomers (component a)).
- the measured average particle diameter weighted according to scattered light intensities is designated as the z-mean.
- the individual particle sizes of the fillers in dispersion is determined from the measurement data of dynamic light scattering using the method described in the section "Measured values and methods".
- Flow FFF flow field-flow fractionation
- the measurement and evaluation software allows both the calculation of absolute particle sizes based on the FFF theory and based on a calibration with particle size standards of suitable sizes.
- particle size standards are available, for example, under the name "NIST Traceable Size Standards” from Thermo Fisher Scientific, Fremont (CA), USA.
- a qualitative as well as quantitative determination of the particle size distribution is possible by coupling the fractionator with suitable detectors.
- a dispersion can also be separated into two particle size fractions using a membrane of suitable pore size. This is followed by a gravimetric determination of the amount of particles that have been retained or that have passed through the membrane.
- Teflon membranes with suitable pore sizes are suitable (for example membrane filters with a pore size of 1 ⁇ m, such as those sold by Pieper Filter GmbH, Bad lodgeahn, Germany under the name "PTFE on support fleece, type TM" are available in different sizes).
- the separation efficiency of a certain membrane can be carried out before the analysis of a sample with the size standards mentioned above. A standard with a size above and one with a size below the Pore size of the membrane selected and checked whether this is completely retained or completely passes through the membrane.
- the nanoscale filler incorporated into the composite resin composition i.e. component "b)" according to the invention, organically surface-modified, as already basically described in WO 2005/084611.
- the dispersed, organically surface-modified nanoscale and optionally partially agglomerated and / or aggregated nanoscale filler particles can be organic before the dispersing process be surface-treated, preferably with a silane, or also not be organically surface-treated and / or be surface-modified by the following steps:
- the ratio of silane hydrolyzate to the particle surface area of the agglomerated particles to be dispersed in step iii) is preferably between 0.005 mmol / m 2 to 0.08 mmol / m 2 or 0.01 mmol / m 2 to 0.02 mmol / m 2, in each case based on gene is based on the amount of substance of the silanes used per filler surface.
- Another suitable manufacturing process for the dispersed, organically surface-modified nanoscale and optionally partially agglomerated and / or aggregated nanoscale filler particles which can be used in the case of heavily surface-treated, preferably silanized starting powders, includes the steps:
- This method can be particularly preferred in the case of silanized pyrogenic silica with a surface-related carbon content of more than 4.5 ⁇ 10 4 g (carbon) / m 2 (filler surface), preferably more than 7.0 ⁇ 10 4 g (carbon ) / m 2 (filler surface), and particularly preferably more than 12.0 ⁇ 10 4 g (carbon) / m 2 (filler surface), the filler surface being determined according to BET.
- the agglomerated particles to be dispersed in step iii) or ii) preferably have a specific surface area determined according to BET (according to DIN 66131 or DIN ISO 9277) of less than 200 m 2 / g, preferably less than 100 m 2 / g and particularly DERS preferably less than 60 m 2 / g, Suitable fumed silicas are com-furally available, for example, Aerosil ® 130, Aerosil ® 90, Aerosil ® OX50 (each Evo nik Industies, Essen, Germany), HDK ® S13, HDK ® C10 and HDK ® D05 (each Wacker Chemie, Kunststoff, Germany).
- the agglomerated particles to be dispersed have already been surface-treated before the dispersing process, for example with a silane.
- Pretreated with a silane ag- glomerators particles are eg. Aerosil ® R202, Aerosil ® R805, Aerosil®R972 (Evo nik Industries, Essen, Germany).
- Suitable pyrogenic silicas which have been surface-modified in this way are available, for example, under the name Aerosil® R7200 (Evonik Industries, Essen, Germany).
- the ratio of silanizing agent (step ii)) to particle surface of the agglomerated particles to be dispersed in step iii) is preferably between 0.005 mmol / m 2 to 0.08 mmol / m 2 or 0.01 mmol / m 2 to 0.02 mmol / m 2 .
- preferred photopolymerizable composite resin compositions for use in a stereolithographic process for building up a dental molding in layers contain, based on 100% by weight of the total composition, components a) -e) as follows: a) 90-55% by weight, preferably 80-55% by weight, more preferably 75 - 60% by weight of free-radically polymerizable monomers and / or oligomers, preferably mixtures of free-radically polymerizable monomers and oligomers, b) 5 - 60% by weight, preferably 10-45% by weight, more preferably 20-45% by weight .-%, more preferably 25-40% by weight of an organically surface-modified and optionally partially agglomerated and / or aggregated nanoscale filler incorporated into the composite resin composition, wherein
- the primary particles of the filler have a primary particle size of less than 100 nm, preferably less than 80 nm, more preferably less than 60 nm, particularly preferably less than 40 nm, and
- Said filler in dispersion comprising dispersed filler primary particles and any filler aggregates and / or filler agglomerates present, preferably at least 95% by volume, more preferably at least 98% by volume, more preferably at least 99% by volume of the said filler Dispersed fillers comprising dispersed primary filler particles and any filler aggregates and / or filler agglomerates present, a diameter
- nm nm - less than 1000 nm, preferably less than 800 nm, more preferably less than 600 nm, more preferably less than 400 nm, more preferably less than 200 nm, more preferably less than 150 nm, and for example between 40 and 1000 nm, preferably between 40 and 800 nm , particularly preferably between 40 and 600 nm,
- photopolymerizable composite resin compositions for use in a stereolithographic process e.g. SLA, DLP
- silanized nanoscale filler particles with particle sizes (z-mean of dynamic light scattering) of the individual particles and / or filler agglomerates and / or filler aggregates in dispersion, preferably between 90 and 500 nm, more preferably between 150 and 350 nm.
- the photopolymerizable composite resin contains at least 96 to 99.89 wt .-% a) and b) in total.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing a dental molded part, in particular a bridge and crown, with the steps: i) providing a flowable, photopolymerizable composite resin composition with a dynamic viscosity of less than 5 Pa ⁇ s at 23 ° C, preferably less than 3 Pa-s at 23 ° C, more preferably 0.5-2.5 Pa-s at 23 ° C, more preferably 1.0-2.0 Pa-s at 23 ° C and preferably ge - Measure with a plate-plate rheometer with an upper plate diameter of 25 mm at a shear stress of 50 Pa, comprising the components a) -c) and optionally the components d) and e) as before for the composite resin compositions described, and
- the invention also relates to a dental molded part, in particular a bridge or crown, as can be obtained according to this method described above.
- the dental molded part thus obtained preferably has flexural strength of at least 100 MPa, preferably at least 130 MPa, and / or a flexural modulus of at least 3 GPa, preferably at least 4 GPa, measured according to ISO 4049: 2009.
- flexural strength of at least 100 MPa, preferably at least 130 MPa
- there are also other dental moldings for parts used in prosthetic, conservative and preventive dentistry without claiming to be exhaustive, some application examples are mentioned as representative: tooth fillings, inlays, onlays, core build-ups, artificial teeth and veneers.
- Suitable components a), b), c), d), e) and f) of the photopolymerizable composite resin composition according to the present invention are known to the person skilled in the art from the prior art. For the sake of completeness, these are described below by way of example.
- Component a) comprising radically polymerizable monomers and / or oligomers and preferably mixtures of monomers and oligomers has a dynamic viscosity at 23 ° C. of 0.05-5 Pa ⁇ s, preferably 0.1-3 Pa ⁇ s, preferably measured with a plate Plate rheometer with an upper plate diameter of 25 mm at a shear stress of 50 Pa. Alternatively, the viscosity can also be measured with a coaxial cylinder system C25 as described in DIN 53019.
- Preferred monomers, oligomers and polymers are acrylates and methacrylates; mixtures of these are further preferred.
- Monomers and oligomers selected from methyl, ethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, butyl, benzyl, tetrahydrofurfuryl or isobornyl (meth) acrylate, p-cumylphenoxyethylene glycol methacrylate, bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, Bis-GMA are suitable , ethoxy- or propoxylated bisphenol A-dimethacrylate (eg SR-348c (sartomer)) with 3 ethoxy groups or 2,2-bis [4- (2-methacryloxypropoxy) phenyl] propane, urethane dimethacrylate UDMA (an addition product from 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate), di-, tri- or tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (
- Preferred (Meth) acrylate monomers are benzyl, tetrahydrofurfuryl or isobornyl methacrylate, p-cumylphenoxyethylene glycol methacrylate, 2,2-bis [4- (2-methacryloxyprooxy) phenyl] propane, bis-GMA, UDMA, SR-348C.
- N-mono- or N-disubstituted acrylamides such as, for example, N-ethylacrylamide or N, -dimethacrylamide, or bisacrylamides, such as, for example, IM, N'-diethyl-1,3-bis (acrylamido) propane, can also be used as monomers which can be polymerized by free radicals Use, 1, 3-bis (methacrylamido) propane, 1, 4-bis (acrylamido) butane or 1, 4-bis (acryloyl) piperazine. Mixtures of the abovementioned monomers are preferably used.
- Suitable particles for producing the particles b) are pyrogenic metal, semimetal or mixed metal oxides. It is preferably pyrogenic silicon dioxide (pyrogenic silica) or pyrogenic mixed oxides of silicon, preferably pyrogenic mixed oxides of silicon with aluminum, zirconium and / or zinc.
- Suitable silanes for surface modification of the particles from component b) correspond to the following general formula
- R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group
- X is a hydrolyzable group (for example CI or OCH3)
- Y is a hydrocarbon radical
- n is an integer from 1 to about 20
- a is an integer from 1 to 3
- b 0, 1 or Is 2
- the photoinitiators which can be used here are characterized in that they absorb light in the wavelength range from 300 nm to 700 nm, preferably from 350 nm to 600 nm and particularly preferably from 380 nm to 500 nm nm and optionally through the additional reaction with one or more coinitiators can cause the material to harden.
- Particularly suitable photoinitiators are phosphine oxides, benzoins, benzil ketals, acetophenones, benzophenones, thioxanthones and mixtures thereof.
- Acyl and bisacylphosphine oxides such as 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide or bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phenylphosphine oxide, are particularly suitable.
- Diketones, acylgermanium compounds, metallocenes and mixtures thereof are particularly suitable as a possible second photopolymerization initiator.
- Suitable stabilizers are in particular benzotriazoles, triazines, benzophenones, cyanoacrylates, salicylic acid derivatives, hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS) and mixtures thereof.
- O-Hydroxyphenylbenzotriazoles such as 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methylphenol, 2- (5-chloro-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methyl-6-tert are particularly suitable -butyl-phenol, 2- (5-chloro-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) 4, 6- di-tert-butyl-phenol, 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4, 6-di- tert-pentyl-phenol, 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-methyl-6-dodecyl-phenol, 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4, 6-bis (1-methyl -l-pheny
- Preferred pigments are, for example, the pigments sold under the Sicovit brand. Preferred pigments have particle sizes D50 between 1 and 20 mm.
- Suitable stabilized radicals are in particular those such as 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl (TEMPO) and particularly preferably bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl-1-oxyl) sebacate. Stabilized radicals are particularly preferably contained in the photopolymerizable composite resin composition at 0.005-0.01% by weight.
- TEMPO 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl
- Stabilized radicals are particularly preferably contained in the photopolymerizable composite resin composition at 0.005-0.01% by weight.
- the photopolymerizable composite resin composition can contain further additives, in particular customary dental additives, for example fluorescent dyes.
- the photopolymerizable composite resin in a preferred embodiment of the invention contains essentially no microfillers. Or. the maximum proportions of such fillers are 5% by weight, 1% by weight or preferably 0.5% by weight. Said microfillers are in particular ground fillers or spherical fillers with particle sizes between 1 and 50 mm, these have characteristic particle shapes that differ significantly from those of the aggregated particles according to component b) of the composite resin composition according to the invention.
- the photopolymerizable composite resin composition preferably does not contain any thixotropic agents, in particular (agglomerated) fumed silica, i. Pyrogenic silica that has not been surface modified according to the process described. If a thixotropic agent is included, its proportions should preferably be at most 0.5% by weight, more preferably at most 0.01% by weight.
- the photopolymerizable one contains Composite resin has less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight and particularly preferably less than 1.0% by weight of particles with particle sizes of more than 1000 nm.
- the particle size of the nanoparticles was determined by means of dynamic light scattering.
- a Zetasizer Nano ZS from Malvern Instruments Ltd. was used for this purpose. used.
- the backscattered laser light is measured in a so-called backscatter arrangement at an angle of 175 ° to the optical axis of the laser.
- the information obtained from the correlator is evaluated by the Zetasizer software on a PC. “General purpose (normal resolution)” was selected as the analysis model.
- the nanodispersion produced according to the invention was produced with the resin mixture used or 2-butanone to a solids concentration of about 0.5% by weight based on the amount used
- the dilutions in resin mixture were measured in disposable cuvettes made of PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) with a layer depth of 10 mm (LABSOLUTE®, Th. Geyer GmbH & Co. KG, Art.
- the dynamic viscosity was measured using a Kinexus DSR from Malvern Instruments Ltd. measured. A plate-plate geometry with a diameter of the upper plate of 25 mm was used. A shear stress range of 1 Pa to 50 Pa was covered during the measurement. The value at 50 Pa shear stress was used for the evaluation. The measurement takes place at a constant sample temperature of 23 ° C, which was monitored and kept constant by the internal temperature of the device.
- Flexural strength and flexural modulus were determined analogously to ISO 4049: 2009.
- rods measuring 40 mm x 2 mm x 2 mm were printed flat on the construction platform with their longitudinal axis in the x or y direction of the construction space (the x and y axes span the plane in which the construction platform is located, or parallel plus the bottom of the tub, the z-axis is perpendicular to the x- and y-axis).
- the test specimens were re-exposed (Heraflash, Heraeus Kulzer). The post-exposure took place for 180 s and after turning the test specimens by 180 ° around the longitudinal axis for a further 180 s.
- test specimens were stored in water at 37 ° C. for 24 hours.
- the measurement is carried out on a Z 010 or Z2.5 universal tester from Zwick at a constant feed rate of 0.8 mm / min until breakage.
- the bending device used for this consists of two steel rollers with a diameter of 2 mm, which are attached in parallel at a distance of 20 mm between the axes, and a third roller with a diameter of 2 mm, which is mounted in the middle between the other two and parallel to them, see above that the three rollers can be used together for a three-point loading of the test specimen.
- test specimens were printed from the 3D printing material according to the invention and post-treated as described above under “Flexural Strength”.
- Test specimens made from a conventional crown and bridge material from the cartridge served as reference These test specimens were produced by hardening the automatically mixed pastes in a suitable metal mold. Before the measurement, all test specimens were stored in water for 24 hours at 37 ° C. The test specimens were coated with a chemically hardening cement on the The test wheel was glued on and the gaps between the test specimens were filled with a thin-flowing, light-curing composite. The wheel was then ground in.
- the measurement was carried out 50,000 cycles with a pressure load of 15 N.
- the left motor was set to a speed of 130 min -1 and the right motor set to 60 min -1 150 g of ground millet, which distilled with 220 g, served as the abrasion medium m water was mixed into a paste.
- the sample wheel was rinsed thoroughly under running water and dried with cellulose and compressed air. This was followed by profilometric measurement of the test specimens on the wheel (Willytec DMA MESS V 1.12 profilometer).
- a cuboid test specimen with the following dimensions was printed. Width approx. 50 mm, height approx. 25 mm, thickness approx. 5 mm. In the digital model of the specimen there are circular holes with diameters of 10 mm, 8 mm, 5 mm, 2.5 mm and 1 mm.
- the test specimen is printed in such a way that the area vector of the circular planes is orthogonal to the z-axis (the x and y-axes span the plane in which the construction platform lies, or the bottom of the tub is parallel to it, the z-axis is perpendicular to the x and y axes).
- the diameter of the holes is determined using measured with a caliper. Several measurements are made parallel to the z-axis (related to the printing process) and perpendicular to it. A mean value is formed from each of the two groups of measured values for a hole diameter. The diameter parallel to the z-axis is subtracted from the diameter perpendicular to it. The value obtained in mm is the z-overcuring.
- the method for determining the fracture toughness is based on the pre-standard DIN CEN / TS 14425-5: 2004 "Method for bending specimens with V-notch (SEVNB method)".
- the test pieces for determining the K 1c value are rods with the Dimensions 50 mm x 4 mm x 3 mm (length x height x width). Except for the deviating dimensions, the test specimens were produced exactly as described above under “Flexural strength and flexural modulus”.
- the notched test specimens are loaded on a universal testing machine universal testing device Z 010 or Z2.5 from Zwick in a 4-point loading device at a constant feed rate of 0.025 mm / min until they break.
- the supports have a distance of 40.0 mm ( ⁇ 0.5 mm) and a radius of 5.0 mm ( ⁇ 0.2 mm).
- the load bearings have a distance of 20.0 mm ( ⁇ 0.52 mm) and a radius of 5.0 mm ( ⁇ 0.2 mm).
- a cardanic suspension ensures that the bending test is uniformly stressed.
- the load bearings are centered and arranged in parallel over the supports. Numbering the test pieces ensures that the measurement result of the universal testing machine can later be assigned to a specific test piece without any doubt.
- the fracture surfaces are then microscopically measured. Half of each broken test specimen is examined. This is shortened to such an extent that it can be positioned with the fracture surface in the direction of the objective under a light microscope. An objective with a magnification of 2.5 times is selected. Further evaluation is carried out with the help of software using digital microscope images that are recorded by a digital camera attached to the microscope. The notch depth is measured at three points for each fracture surface examined and an average value is calculated from this.
- the mean notch depth a of a test specimen should be between 0.8 mm and 1.2 mm.
- the relative notch depth a of a test body is the quotient of the mean notch depth and thickness of the test body. This value should be between 0.2 and 0.3. From this, the stress intensity form factor Y and the fracture toughness K 1c can then be calculated.
- the K 1c value is given in the unit MPa m 1/2 .
- a is the mean notch depth in m
- a is the relative notch depth
- Test specimens that lie outside the nominal values with regard to the mean notch depth or the relative notch depth are not taken into account.
- Test specimens that have inhomogeneities such as air bubbles are also not taken into account.
- the frequency sweep was performed on a Kinexus DSR from Malvern Instruments Ltd. carried out. A plate-plate geometry with a diameter of the upper plate of 25 mm was used. The sample was measured with a gap of 0.1 mm and a deformation of 1% oscillating at frequencies from 10 Hz to 0.0001 Hz. 5 measuring points were recorded per decade. The measurement takes place at a constant sample temperature of 23 ° C, which was monitored and kept constant by the internal temperature control of the device. Recorded were i.a.
- a Dispermat® from VMA-Getzmann GmbH, type AE04-C1 was used to produce the particle dispersions.
- the inside diameter of the stirring vessel is 1.3 D to 3 D and the distance of the main plane of the dissolver disk from the bottom of the stirring vessel is 0.25 D to 0.5 D, where D denotes the diameter of the dissolver disk.
- a resin ie a mixture of monomers and oligomers which can be polymerized by free radicals, was produced. The monomers and oligomers were mixed until a homogeneous solution was obtained.
- the resin had the following composition: Urethane dimethacrylate 85 parts by weight
- a silane hydrolyzate was prepared by adding 1.4 parts by weight of acetic acid and 10.6 parts by weight of water to 100 parts by weight of Dynasilan® MEMO.
- Aerosil® Ox50 55 parts by weight of Aerosil® Ox50 were added in portions to the resin.
- the speed of the dissolver disk was varied from 1000 min -1 to 1800 min -1 .
- the speed was reduced briefly to a minimum of 600 min- 1 in order to prevent the aerosil from becoming too dusty.
- the addition process extended over a period of 1.5 hours.
- the mixture for 2 h 15 min was dispersed at a speed of 2000 min. 1 A temperature between 35 ° C and 37 ° C was established. Overall, the process took 4 hours.
- a photopolymerizable composite resin was produced, for example compositions 1, see table. To this end, initiators, stabilizers and pigments were added to the dispersion and the mixture was homogenized again for a few minutes.
- the resulting photopolymerizable composite resin had the following composition: Ingredient [% by weight] Example 1
- the color paste was a homogeneous mixture of 50% by weight Sicovit pigment particles and a resin mixture of urethane dimethacrylate and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate.
- the photopolymerizable composite resin had a dynamic viscosity of 1.4 Pa ⁇ s and was therefore ideally suited for stereolithographic applications.
- test specimens had the following mechanical properties:
- dental crowns and bridges were produced by means of a DLP printer (D 20 II from Rapid Shape GmbH Generative Production Systems). This was done in the slicing software Autodesk Netfabb Standard 2019 selected as material "DMG Luxaprint Crown”.
- Admafine ® SO-Cl was used in the comparison test. This consists of spherical, essentially non-aggregated particles. According to the manufacturer, these particles have an average particle size diameter of approx. 200 to 400 nm and a specific surface area of approx. 10 to 20 m 2 / g.
- Admafine ® SO-Cl 100 parts by weight Admafine ® SO-Cl was (mmol / m 2 approximately 0.01) Dynasilan ® MEMO (silane hydrolyzate) described in a mixed solvent of 150 parts by weight of water and 300 parts by weight of methoxypropanol as described in US6890968B2, page 8 with 3.8 parts by weight , silanized, then dried and homogenized in a mortar.
- a dispersion was now produced in accordance with the example according to the invention. To this was added in 109 parts by weight of the resin, which now contained no Silanhydrat in contrast to the inventive example, dispersed portionwise 55 parts by weight of methacrylatsilanintestinen Admafine ® SO-Cl.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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BR112021015380-2A BR112021015380A2 (pt) | 2019-03-07 | 2020-03-05 | Peças dentárias moldadas produzidas estereolitograficamente e processo para a produção a partir de composições de resina composta fotopolimerizável |
CN202080019040.4A CN113490478A (zh) | 2019-03-07 | 2020-03-05 | 由可光聚合的复合树脂组合物以立体光刻法制造的牙科成型体和制造方法 |
CA3131556A CA3131556A1 (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2020-03-05 | Stereolithographically produced shaped dental parts and method for production from photopolymerizable composite resin compositions |
US17/436,361 US20220151749A1 (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2020-03-05 | Stereolithographically produced shaped dental parts and method for production from photopolymerizable composite resin compositions |
EP20718145.4A EP3934606A1 (de) | 2019-03-07 | 2020-03-05 | Stereolithographisch hergestellte dentale formteile und verfahren zur herstellung aus photopolymerisierbaren kompositharz-zusammensetzungen |
KR1020217028120A KR20210137015A (ko) | 2019-03-07 | 2020-03-05 | 광중합성 복합 수지 조성물로부터 스테레오리소그래피식으로 제조되는 치과용 성형물 및 그 제조 방법 |
JP2021552852A JP2022523572A (ja) | 2019-03-07 | 2020-03-05 | 光重合性コンポジット樹脂組成物からステレオリソグラフィーで製造された歯科用成形品およびその製造方法 |
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DE102019105816.3A DE102019105816A1 (de) | 2019-03-07 | 2019-03-07 | Stereolithographisch hergestellte dentale Formteile und Verfahren zur Herstellung aus photopolymerisierbaren Kompositharz-Zusammensetzungen |
DE102019105816.3 | 2019-03-07 |
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US (1) | US20220151749A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3934606A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2022523572A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20210137015A (de) |
CN (1) | CN113490478A (de) |
BR (1) | BR112021015380A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA3131556A1 (de) |
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DE102021124655A1 (de) | 2021-09-23 | 2023-03-23 | Mühlbauer Technology Gmbh | Verfahren zur Nachbehandlung von gedruckten 3-D-Objekten |
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2019
- 2019-03-07 DE DE102019105816.3A patent/DE102019105816A1/de active Pending
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2020
- 2020-03-05 EP EP20718145.4A patent/EP3934606A1/de active Pending
- 2020-03-05 WO PCT/EP2020/000056 patent/WO2020177921A1/de active Application Filing
- 2020-03-05 CN CN202080019040.4A patent/CN113490478A/zh active Pending
- 2020-03-05 BR BR112021015380-2A patent/BR112021015380A2/pt unknown
- 2020-03-05 JP JP2021552852A patent/JP2022523572A/ja active Pending
- 2020-03-05 KR KR1020217028120A patent/KR20210137015A/ko active Search and Examination
- 2020-03-05 CA CA3131556A patent/CA3131556A1/en active Pending
- 2020-03-05 US US17/436,361 patent/US20220151749A1/en active Pending
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DE102019105816A1 (de) | 2020-09-10 |
CA3131556A1 (en) | 2020-09-10 |
JP2022523572A (ja) | 2022-04-25 |
US20220151749A1 (en) | 2022-05-19 |
CN113490478A (zh) | 2021-10-08 |
EP3934606A1 (de) | 2022-01-12 |
BR112021015380A2 (pt) | 2021-09-28 |
KR20210137015A (ko) | 2021-11-17 |
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