WO2020173029A1 - 一种具有双头倒角功能的切削刀具及其切削刃部 - Google Patents

一种具有双头倒角功能的切削刀具及其切削刃部 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020173029A1
WO2020173029A1 PCT/CN2019/094448 CN2019094448W WO2020173029A1 WO 2020173029 A1 WO2020173029 A1 WO 2020173029A1 CN 2019094448 W CN2019094448 W CN 2019094448W WO 2020173029 A1 WO2020173029 A1 WO 2020173029A1
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Prior art keywords
cutting
cutting edge
main body
truncated cone
outer diameter
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PCT/CN2019/094448
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李伟秋
颜炳姜
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汇专科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to KR2020217000060U priority Critical patent/KR20210002485U/ko
Publication of WO2020173029A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020173029A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
    • B23B51/08—Drills combined with tool parts or tools for performing additional working
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
    • B23B2251/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
    • B23B2251/408—Spiral grooves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of precision machining tools, in particular to a cutting tool with a double-end chamfering function and a cutting edge portion thereof.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a cutting tool with double-end chamfering function and its cutting edge, which can integrate the functions of reaming and upper and lower chamfering and improve the processing efficiency.
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides a cutting edge portion for a cutting tool, which includes a cutting body and a plurality of cutting edges provided on the cutting body, the cutting edges are helical, each The cutting edge is circumferentially arranged on the outer surface of the cutting body along the center line of the cutting body, and a chip flute is provided between two adjacent cutting edges;
  • the cutting main body includes a main body front part, a connecting part, and a main body rear part that are sequentially connected from front to back and coaxially, the connecting part is cylindrical, and the main body front part includes a first part connected to the front end surface of the connecting part.
  • the front end of the cutting edge is provided on the side surface of the front portion of the main body, and the cutting edge sequentially extends along the side surface of the front portion of the main body, the side surface of the connecting portion, and the side surface of the rear portion of the main body.
  • the rear end of the blade is provided on the side surface of the rear part of the main body.
  • the cutting edge is integrally formed on the cutting body.
  • the material of the cutting edge portion is polycrystalline diamond.
  • the outer diameter of the rear end of the first truncated cone is equal to the outer diameter of the connecting portion
  • the outer diameter of the front end of the second truncated cone is equal to the outer diameter of the connecting portion
  • the front portion of the main body further includes a first cylinder connected to the front end surface of the first truncated cone
  • the rear portion of the main body further includes a first cylinder connected to the rear end surface of the second truncated cone. Two cylinders.
  • the outer diameter of the first cylinder is equal to the outer diameter of the front end of the first truncated cone
  • the outer diameter of the front end of the second truncated cone is equal to the outer diameter of the connecting portion.
  • the front end of the cutting edge is arranged on the side surface of the first cylinder, and the cutting edge is along the side surface of the first cylinder, the side surface of the first truncated cone, and the The side surface of the connecting portion and the side surface of the second truncated cone extend, and the rear end of the cutting edge is arranged on the side surface of the second truncated cone.
  • angles between the side surface of the first truncated cone and the central axis of the cutting body and between the side surface of the second truncated cone and the central axis of the cutting body are both 30 ° ⁇ 60°.
  • the front end of the cutting edge is arranged along the edge of the front end surface of the front portion of the main body.
  • the maximum outer diameter of the front part of the main body is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the rear part of the main body.
  • the maximum outer diameter of the cutting body is 1 mm to 20 mm, and the length of the cutting body is 1.5 mm to 7 mm.
  • the width of the cutting edge is 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm
  • the length of the cutting edge is 1.2 mm to 6 mm
  • the groove depth of the chip flute is 0.05 mm to 0.20 mm
  • the row The groove width of the chip flute is 0.1mm ⁇ 0.35mm.
  • the helix direction of the cutting edge is left-handed or right-handed, and the helix angle of the cutting edge is 20°-65°.
  • the second aspect of the present invention also provides a cutting tool, which includes a tool shank and the cutting edge part as described in the first aspect mounted on the front end of the tool shank, the tool shank and the The rear end faces of the cutting body are connected.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the cutting edge portion includes a cutting body and a plurality of cutting edges arranged on the surface of the cutting body.
  • the cutting edges are circumferentially distributed along the center line of the cutting body, and the multiple cutting edges can bear Larger cutting force can adapt to higher cutting speed and larger feed rate, and increase the service life of the cutting tool.
  • the cutting body includes the front part of the body, the connecting part and the rear part of the body that are connected in sequence from front to back. And the front part of the main body is connected to the front end surface of the connecting part through the first truncated cone, and the rear part of the main body is connected to the rear end surface of the connecting part through the second truncated cone.
  • the side surface of the second truncated cone and the side surface of the connecting portion are at a certain angle.
  • the cutting edge extends from the front of the main body to the connecting portion and the rear of the main body. The cutting edge is located on the side of the first truncated cone and the second truncated cone.
  • Top chamfering and bottom chamfering can reduce tool change time and tool setting time, shorten processing time, and greatly improve processing efficiency.
  • the cutting edge and the cutting body are integrally formed, and a larger number of cutting edges can be machined on the outer surface of the cutting body, which can improve the overall strength of the cutting tool and increase the service life of the cutting tool.
  • the cutting edge part is made of polycrystalline diamond material, which can further improve the hardness and strength of the cutting edge, and improve the processing accuracy and processing efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a cutting edge in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a right side view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting edge portion of Figure 1 along the connecting portion;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting tool in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • cutting edge portion 10, cutting body; 11, front part of the main body; 111, first truncated cone; 112, first cylinder; 12, connecting part; 13, rear part of the main body; 131, second Truncated cone; 132, second cylinder; 20, cutting edge; 21, lower chamfer section; 22, reaming section; 23, upper chamfer section; 30, chip flute; 2. tool shank.
  • front end and rear end refer to the end of the cutting tool that is close to the workpiece during use as the “front end” and the end away from the workpiece as “rear end”.
  • the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a cutting edge portion 1 for a cutting tool, which includes a cutting body 10 and a plurality of cutting edges 20 provided on the cutting body 10.
  • the cutting edges 20 are helical, and each of the cutting edges 20 is circumferentially arranged on the outer surface of the cutting body 10 along the center line of the cutting body 10, and is provided between two adjacent cutting edges 20 Chip flute 30.
  • several helical cutting edges 20 are circumferentially distributed along the central axis of the cutting body 10.
  • the multiple cutting edges 20 can jointly bear a large cutting force and can adapt to a higher cutting speed.
  • a larger feed rate can increase the service life of the cutting tool; for example, when 30-50 cutting edges 20 are provided on the cutting edge portion 1, the surface roughness of the processed product can reach 30nm-350nm , 10 to 20 times higher than traditional tools.
  • the cutting body 10 rotates to drive each cutting edge 20 to rotate, the cutting edge 20 removes material from the workpiece to be processed, and the cutting chips are discharged from the chip flute 30, which can avoid the adverse effects of cutting chips on the machining process.
  • the cutting main body 10 includes a main body front portion 11, a connecting portion 12, and a main body rear portion 13 that are sequentially connected from front to back and are coaxial.
  • the connecting portion 12 is cylindrical, that is, the outer diameter of the connecting portion 12 is from front to The rear remains unchanged, the front body portion 11 includes a first truncated cone 111 connected to the front end surface of the connecting portion 12, and the outer diameter of the first truncated cone 111 gradually decreases from front to rear.
  • the rear portion 13 of the main body includes a second truncated cone 131 connected to the rear end surface of the connecting portion 12, and the outer diameter of the second truncated cone 131 gradually increases from front to back; the front end of the cutting edge 20 is set at The side surface of the front body portion 11, and the cutting edge 20 extends along the side surface of the body front portion 11, the side surface of the connecting portion 12, and the side surface of the body rear portion 13 in sequence.
  • the rear end is provided on the side surface of the rear portion 13 of the main body.
  • the cutting edge 20 includes three segments connected in sequence from front to back.
  • the portion where the cutting edge 20 is provided on the front portion 11 of the main body is defined as the lower chamfer section 21, and the cutting edge 20 is provided on the connecting portion.
  • the part of 12 is defined as the reaming section 22, and the part where the cutting edge 20 is provided on the rear part of the main body 13 is defined as the upper chamfering section 23; among them, the lower chamfering section 21 and the upper chamfering section 23 can respectively complete the lower chamfering process
  • the reaming section 22 is used for reaming.
  • this embodiment provides a cutting edge portion 1, which can be used for reaming, upper chamfering and lower chamfering at the same time, and only one tool is needed to complete the processing of the hole structure without replacing multiple ones.
  • the tools are used for reaming and chamfering respectively, which can save tool changing time and tool setting time, shorten processing time, improve production efficiency, and reduce production costs.
  • the outer diameter of the rear end of the first truncated cone 111 is equal to the outer diameter of the connecting portion 12, and the outer diameter of the front end of the second truncated cone 131 is equal to that of the connecting portion 12.
  • the outer diameters are equal, which can ensure that the upper chamfered, lower chamfered part and the central part of the hole structure in the processed hole structure are smoothly transitioned.
  • the outer diameter of the rear end of the first truncated cone 111 and the outer diameter of the front end of the second truncated cone 131 may both be set to be slightly larger or smaller than the outer diameter of the connecting portion 12.
  • the cutting edge 20 is integrally formed on the cutting main body 10, which can simplify the production process, and a larger number of cutting edges 20 can be provided on the cutting main body 10 of the same outer diameter.
  • the form and structure of the cutting edge 20 The design is more diverse.
  • the integral forming method of the cutting body 10 and the cutting edge 20 can be casting, additive manufacturing, or the cutting edge 20 can be formed by removing material from the blank of the cutting edge body, such as milling, electric discharge cutting, Chemical corrosion, etc.
  • the material of the cutting edge portion 1 is polycrystalline diamond. Due to the high hardness of the polycrystalline diamond material, the cutting strength of the cutting edge 20 can be improved, thereby effectively improving the cutting accuracy and cutting efficiency, and can Extend the service life; in addition, the cutting edge part 1 of polycrystalline diamond material is particularly suitable for processing hard and brittle products such as glass, ceramics or sapphire. Compared with ordinary tools, the cutting tool in this embodiment is used for processing glass, ceramics or When sapphire is processed, the life span can be increased by 8-10 times.
  • the included angle between the side surface of the first truncated cone 111 and the central axis of the cutting body 10 is ⁇ , which is the taper of the lower chamfered section 21 of the cutting edge 20, so
  • the angle between the side surface of the second truncated cone 131 and the central axis of the cutting body 10 is ⁇ , which is the taper of the upper chamfered section 23 of the cutting edge 20; in order to achieve the required forming hole by milling
  • both ⁇ and ⁇ are set to 30°-60°; for example, both ⁇ and ⁇ are 45°.
  • the ratio of the length L1 of the connecting portion 12 to the length L2 of the front portion 11 of the main body ranges from 2 to 5, and the length of the connecting portion 12
  • the ratio of L1 to the length L3 of the main body rear part 13 is in the range of 1.5-4; by reasonably setting the length relationship between the main body front part 11, the connecting part 12 and the main body rear part 13, the cutting edge 20 can be reasonably distributed.
  • the effective blade lengths of the lower chamfered section 21, the reamed section 22 and the upper chamfered section 23 of the steel plate can meet the specific requirements of the hole structure to be formed.
  • the front end of the cutting edge 20 is set at the edge of the front end surface of the front body 11, and the rear end of the cutting edge 20 is separated from the edge of the rear end surface of the body rear 13 at a distance. , In order to save the processing cost of the cutting tool as much as possible.
  • the front main body 11 in this embodiment further includes a first cylinder 112 connected to the front end surface of the first truncated cone 111
  • the rear main body 13 further includes a first cylinder 112 connected to the first truncated cone 111.
  • the second cylinder 132 on the rear end of the two truncated cones 131, the front end of the cutting edge 20 is set on the side of the first cylinder 112 along the edge of the front end, and the cutting edge 20 passes through the first cylinder 112 in turn
  • the rear end of the cutting edge 20 is set at the junction of the second truncated cone 131 and the second cylinder 132
  • the cutting edge 20 is located on the part of the first cylinder 112, the top surface of which is parallel to the central axis of the cutting body 10.
  • the outer diameter of the first cylindrical body 112 is equal to the outer diameter of the front end of the first truncated cone 111
  • the outer diameter of the second cylindrical body 132 is equal to the outer diameter of the second truncated cone 111.
  • the outer diameter of the rear end of the cone 131 is equal.
  • the outer diameter of the first cylinder 112 may be set to be different from the outer diameter of the front end of the first truncated cone 111
  • the outer diameter of the second cylinder 132 may be set to be behind the second truncated cone 131.
  • the outer diameters of the ends are not equal.
  • the maximum outer diameter of the front portion 11 of the main body is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the rear portion 13 of the main body.
  • the number of cutting edges 20 mainly depends on the size of the cutting body 10 and the edge width of the cutting edge 20.
  • the maximum outer diameter of the cutting body 10 is 1 mm to 20 mm
  • the length L of the cutting body 10 is 1.5 mm to 7 mm
  • the cutting edge 20 The width a is 0.01 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm
  • the cutting edge 20 has a length Lr of 1.2 mm ⁇ 6 mm
  • the groove depth b of the chip flute 30 is 0.05 mm ⁇ 0.20 mm
  • the groove depth of the chip flute 30 should be Matching the width and length of the corresponding cutting edge 20, the groove width c of the chip flute 30 is 0.1 mm ⁇ 0.35 mm; based on the above-mentioned limitation on the outer diameter of the cutting body 10 and the width of the cutting edge 20, the cutting edge
  • the part 1 can be provided with 6 to 200 cutting edges 20, or even more cutting edges 20
  • the width of the cutting edge 20 refers to the distance between the two sides of the cutting edge 20, which is marked with a in FIG. 3, and the length of the cutting edge 20 refers to the cutting edge The distance from the front end to the rear end of the 20 along the central axis of the cutting body 10 is marked with Lr in FIG. 1.
  • the helix angle of the cutting edge 20 in this embodiment is 20° to 65°.
  • the cutting force of the tool during processing can be reduced, the tool has strong impact resistance, prevents tool vibration, and It can ensure better surface processing quality and increase the service life of the cutting tool;
  • the helix angle of the cutting edge 20 is 30°. Based on this helix angle, the strength, sharpness, cutting force and cutting chips of the cutting edge 20 The discharge speed is very ideal.
  • the direction of the cutting edge 20 may be left-handed or right-handed.
  • the second aspect of this embodiment also provides a cutting tool.
  • a cutting tool for details, please refer to FIG. 4, which includes a tool shank 2 and a cutting tool mounted on the front end of the tool shank 2 as described in the first aspect of this embodiment.
  • the blade 1, the tool shank 2 is connected to the rear end surface of the cutting body 10.
  • the cutting edge portion 1 can be driven to rotate to mill the product to be processed.
  • the cutting tool in this embodiment includes the cutting edge portion 1 of the first aspect, it has all the beneficial effects of the cutting edge portion 1, and will not be described here.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a cutting tool with a double-head chamfering function and its cutting edge portion, by setting the cutting body 10 as a three-stage structure of the body front portion 11, the connecting portion 12, and the body rear portion 13.
  • the front portion 11 of the main body is connected to the front end surface of the connecting portion 12 through the first truncated cone 111
  • the rear portion 13 of the main body is connected to the rear end surface of the connecting portion 12 through the second truncated cone 131.
  • the cutting edge 20 sequentially extends from the front portion 11 of the main body to the connecting portion 12 and the rear of the main body.
  • the cutting edge 20 on the side surface of the first truncated cone 111 and the second truncated cone 131 can be used to machine the lower chamfer and the upper chamfer in the hole structure, respectively, and is provided on the side surface of the connecting portion 12
  • the upper cutting edge 20 is used for reaming.
  • the cutting edge 1 can realize the three processes of reaming, upper chamfering and lower chamfering at the same time, which reduces the tool change time and tool setting time, and can shorten the processing time. Machining efficiency is greatly improved; in addition, several helical cutting edges 20 are distributed circumferentially along the central axis of the cutting body 10, and the multiple cutting edges 20 can jointly bear a large cutting force, which can adapt to higher cutting speeds and relatively high cutting speeds. Large feed rate, thereby increasing the service life of cutting tools.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及精密加工工具领域，公开一种具有双头倒角功能的切削刀具及其切削刃部，切削刃部包括切削主体及设于切削主体上的若干切削刃，切削刃为螺旋状，各切削刃沿切削主体的中心线周向设于切削主体的外表面，相邻两个切削刃之间设有排屑槽；切削主体包括主体前部、连接部及主体后部，主体前部包括连接于连接部的前端面且外径从前至后逐渐减小的第一截头圆锥，主体后部包括连接于连接部的后端面且外径从前至后逐渐增大的第二截头圆锥，切削刃的前端设于主体前部的侧面，且切削刃依次沿主体前部的侧面、连接部的侧面及主体后部的侧面延伸。本发明的有益效果为：能够同时完成扩孔、上倒角及下倒角的加工工序，节约换刀及对刀时间，提高生产效率。

Description

一种具有双头倒角功能的切削刀具及其切削刃部 技术领域
本发明涉及精密加工工具技术领域，特别是涉及一种具有双头倒角功能的切削刀具及其切削刃部。
背景技术
现有技术中，利用传统切削刀具加工孔结构时，通常需要涉及钻孔、扩孔及倒角三个加工工序，而相对应于各加工工序均需要更换不同的切削刀具，这不仅会增加安装刀具时间及对刀时间，使生产效率降低，进而也使生产成本增加；另外，当用传统的切削刀具加工玻璃、陶瓷或者蓝宝石等硬脆性产品时，生产效率更低，且切削刀具的磨损较大，切削刀具的使用寿命降低。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种具有双头倒角功能的切削刀具及其切削刃部，能够集成扩孔和上、下倒角功能，提高加工效率。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的第一方面提供一种用于切削刀具的切削刃部，其包括切削主体及设于所述切削主体上的若干切削刃，所述切削刃为螺旋状，各所述切削刃沿所述切削主体的中心线周向设置于所述切削主体的外表面，相邻两个所述切削刃之间设有排屑槽；
所述切削主体包括从前至后依次连接且同轴的主体前部、连接部及主体后部，所述连接部呈圆柱形，所述主体前部包括连接于所述连接部的前端面的第一截头圆锥，所述第一截头圆锥的外径从前至后逐渐减小，所述主体后部包括连接于所述连接部的后端面的第二截头圆锥，所述第二截头圆锥的外径从前至后逐渐增大；
所述切削刃的前端设于所述主体前部的侧面，且所述切削刃依次 沿所述主体前部的侧面、所述连接部的侧面及所述主体后部的侧面延伸，所述切削刃的后端设于所述主体后部的侧面。
作为优选方案，所述切削刃一体成型于所述切削主体上。
作为优选方案，所述切削刃部的材质为聚晶金刚石。
作为优选方案，所述第一截头圆锥后端的外径与所述连接部的外径相等，所述第二截头圆锥前端的外径与所述连接部的外径相等。
作为优选方案，所述主体前部还包括连接于所述第一截头圆锥的前端面的第一圆柱体，所述主体后部还包括连接于所述第二截头圆锥的后端面的第二圆柱体。
作为优选方案，所述第一圆柱体的外径与所述第一截头圆锥前端的外径相等，所述第二截头圆锥前端的外径与所述连接部的外径相等。
作为优选方案，所述切削刃的前端设置于所述第一圆柱体的侧面上，且所述切削刃依次沿所述第一圆柱体的侧面、所述第一截头圆锥的侧面、所述连接部的侧面及所述第二截头圆锥的侧面延伸，所述切削刃的后端设置于所述第二截头圆锥的侧面上。
作为优选方案，所述第一截头圆锥的侧面与所述切削主体的中心轴之间、及所述第二截头圆锥的侧面与所述切削主体的中心轴之间的夹角均为30°～60°。
作为优选方案，所述切削刃的前端沿所述主体前部的前端面的边缘设置。
作为优选方案，所述主体前部的最大外径小于所述主体后部的最大外径。
作为优选方案，所述切削主体的最大外径为1㎜～20㎜，所述切削主体的长度为1.5㎜～7㎜。
作为优选方案，所述切削刃的刃宽为0.01㎜～0.5㎜，所述切削刃的刃长为1.2㎜～6㎜，所述排屑槽的槽深为0.05㎜～0.20㎜，所述排屑槽的槽宽为0.1㎜～0.35㎜。
作为优选方案，所述切削刃的螺旋方向为左旋或者右旋，所述切削刃的螺旋角为20°～65°。
同样的目的，本发明的第二方面还提供一种切削刀具，其包括刀具柄部及安装于所述刀具柄部前端的如第一方面所述的切削刃部，所述刀具柄部与所述切削主体的后端面连接。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明实施例中的切削刀具中，其切削刃部包括切削主体及设于切削主体表面上的若干切削刃，若干个切削刃沿切削主体的中心线周向分布，多个切削刃可共同承受较大的切削力，可适应较高的切削速度和较大的进给量，提高切削刀具的使用寿命；另外，切削主体包括从前至后依次连接的主体前部、连接部及主体后部，且主体前部通过第一截头圆锥与连接部的前端面连接，主体后部通过第二截头圆锥与连接部的后端面连接，第一截头圆锥的侧面与连接部的侧面之间、第二截头圆锥的侧面与连接部的侧面之间均呈一定夹角，切削刃从主体前部依次延伸至连接部及主体后部，切削刃位于第一截头圆锥侧面上及第二截头圆锥侧面上的部分分别用于完成孔结构中的下倒角及上倒角，而设于连接部上的切削刃部分则可完成扩孔工序，利用所述切削刃部能够同时完成扩孔、上倒角及下倒角，可减少换刀时间及对刀时间，缩短加工时间，从而使加工效率大幅度提高。
进一步地，将切削刃与切削主体采用一体成型，可在切削主体的外表面加工数量较多的切削刃，能够提高切削刀具的整体强度，使切削刀具的使用寿命增加。
进一步地，切削刃部采用聚晶金刚石材料制成，能够进一步提高切削刃的硬度及强度，提高加工精度及加工效率。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例中一种切削刃部的结构示意图；
图2是图1的右视图；
图3是图1中的切削刃部沿连接部的剖视图；
图4是本发明实施例中一种切削刀具的结构示意图。
图中，1、切削刃部；10、切削主体；11、主体前部；111、第一截头圆锥；112、第一圆柱体；12、连接部；13、主体后部；131、第二截头圆锥；132、第二圆柱体；20、切削刃；21、下倒角段；22、扩孔段；23、上倒角段；30、排屑槽；2、刀具柄部。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“顶”、“底”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。应当理解的是，本发明中采用术语“第一”、“第二”等来描述各种信息，但这些信息不应限于这些术语，这些术语仅用来将同一类型的信息彼此区分开。例如，在不脱离本发明范围的情况下，“第一”信息也可以被称为“第二”信息，类似的，“第二”信息也可以被称为“第一”信息。
另外，需要说明的是，本发明的描述中，术语“前端”和“后端”指的是，切削刀具在使用过程时，靠近于加工工件的一端为“前端”，背离加工工件的一端为“后端”。
如图1-图3所示，本发明实施例的第一方面提供一种用于切削刀具的切削刃部1，其包括切削主体10及设于所述切削主体10上的若干切削刃20，所述切削刃20为螺旋状，各所述切削刃20沿所述切削主体10的中心线周向设置于所述切削主体10的外表面，相邻两个所述切削刃20之间设有排屑槽30，本实施例中，若干个螺旋状的切削刃20沿切削主体10的中心轴周向分布，多个切削刃20可共同承 受较大的切削力，可适应较高的切削速度和较大的进给量，能够提高切削刀具的使用寿命；示例性地，当在切削刃部1上设置有30～50个切削刃20时，加工后的产品表面粗糙度可达到30nm～350nm，比传统刀具高10～20倍。
在切削过程中，切削主体10旋转带动各切削刃20旋转，切削刃20对待加工工件进行材料去除，切削屑从排屑槽30中排出，能够避免切削屑对加工过程所产生的不利影响。
进一步地，所述切削主体10包括从前至后依次连接且同轴的主体前部11、连接部12及主体后部13，所述连接部12呈圆柱形，即连接部12的外径从前至后保持不变，所述主体前部11包括连接于所述连接部12的前端面的第一截头圆锥111，所述第一截头圆锥111的外径从前至后逐渐减小，所述主体后部13包括连接于所述连接部12的后端面的第二截头圆锥131，所述第二截头圆锥131的外径从前至后逐渐增大；所述切削刃20的前端设于所述主体前部11的侧面，且所述切削刃20依次沿所述主体前部11的侧面、所述连接部12的侧面及所述主体后部13的侧面延伸，所述切削刃20的后端设于所述主体后部13的侧面。本实施例中，切削刃20从前至后包括依次连接的三段，为了便于描述，将切削刃20设于主体前部11的部分定义为下倒角段21，将切削刃20设于连接部12的部分定义为扩孔段22，将切削刃20设于主体后部13的部分定义为上倒角段23；其中，下倒角段21和上倒角段23可分别完成下倒角工序及上倒角工序，扩孔段22用于扩孔。
基于上述技术方案，本实施例中提供一种切削刃部1，能够同时用于扩孔、上倒角及下倒角，仅需采用一把刀具便可完成孔结构的加工，无需更换多把刀具用以分别扩孔及倒角，能够节省换刀时间及对刀时间，使加工时间缩短，提高生产效率，降低生产成本。
本实施例中，优选地，所述第一截头圆锥111后端的外径与所述 连接部12的外径相等，所述第二截头圆锥131前端的外径与所述连接部12的外径相等，能够保证所加工出来的孔结构中，上倒角、下倒角部分与孔结构的中心部分均为平滑过渡。作为可替换方案，也可将第一截头圆锥111后端的外径及第二截头圆锥131前端的外径均设置为稍微大于或者小于连接部12的外径。
具体地，所述切削刃20一体成型于切削主体10上，能够简化生产工艺，且可在相同外径尺寸的切削主体10上设置数量更多的切削刃20，切削刃20的形式和结构的设计更加多样化。示例性地，切削主体10与切削刃20的一体成型方法可以为铸造、增材制造，也可通过在切削刃主体的坯料上经去除材料后加工形成切削刃20，如铣削、电火花切割、化学腐蚀等。
本实施例中，优选地，所述切削刃部1的材质为聚晶金刚石，由于聚晶金刚石材料的硬度高，可提高切削刃20的切削强度，从而有效提高切削精度及切削效率，并能够延长使用寿命；另外，聚晶金刚石材料的切削刃部1特别适用于加工玻璃、陶瓷或者蓝宝石等硬脆性产品，相对于普通刀具来说，使用本实施例中的切削刀具对加工玻璃、陶瓷或者蓝宝石加工时，寿命可提高8-10倍。
附参阅图1所示，所述第一截头圆锥111的侧面与所述切削主体10的中心轴之间的夹角为α，α也即切削刃20的下倒角段21的锥度，所述第二截头圆锥131的侧面与所述切削主体10的中心轴之间的夹角为β，β也即切削刃20的上倒角段23的锥度；为了通过铣削达到所需成型的孔结构的需求，将α和β均设置为30°～60°；示例性地，α和β均为45°。
优选地，本实施例中，具体请参阅附图1所示，所述连接部12的长度L1与所述主体前部11的长度L2的比值范围为2-5，所述连接部12的长度L1与所述主体后部13的长度L3的比值范围为1.5-4；通过合理设置主体前部11、连接部12及主体后部13的三者之间的长度关系，能 够合理分布切削刃20的下倒角段21、扩孔段22及上倒角段23的有效刃长，以满足需要成型的孔结构的具体需求。
本实施例中，所述切削刃20的前端设于所述主体前部11的前端面的边缘处，而所述切削刃20的后端和主体后部13的后端面的边缘处相隔一段距离，以尽量节约切削刀具的加工成本。
示例性地，本实施例中的所述主体前部11还包括连接于所述第一截头圆锥111的前端面的第一圆柱体112，所述主体后部13还包括连接于所述第二截头圆锥131的后端面的第二圆柱体132，切削刃20的前端设于第一圆柱体112的侧面上沿其前端面的边缘处，且切削刃20依次经过第一圆柱体112的侧面、第一截头圆锥111的侧面、连接部12的侧面及第二截头圆锥131的侧面后，切削刃20的后端设置于第二截头圆锥131与第二圆柱体132的连接处；优选地，切削刃20位于第一圆柱体112上的部分，其顶面与切削主体10的中心轴平行。
本实施例中，优选地，所述第一圆柱体112的外径与所述第一截头圆锥111前端的外径相等，所述第二圆柱体132的外径与所述第二截头圆锥131后端的外径相等。同样地，也可将第一圆柱体112的外径设置为与第一截头圆锥111前端的外径不等，并将第二圆柱体132的外径设置为与第二截头圆锥131后端的外径不相等。
优选地，本实施例中，所述主体前部11的最大外径小于所述主体后部13的最大外径。
本实施例中，切削刃20的个数主要取决于切削主体10的尺寸及切削刃20的刃宽，当切削主体10的外径确定后，切削刃20的刃宽越小，则切削刃20的个数越多；为了能够满足加工需求，所述切削主体10的最大外径为1㎜～20㎜，所述切削主体10的长度L为1.5㎜～7㎜，所述切削刃20的刃宽a为0.01㎜～0.5㎜，所述切削刃20的刃长Lr为1.2㎜～6㎜，所述排屑槽30的槽深b为0.05㎜～0.20㎜，排屑槽30的槽深应该与相应的切削刃20的刃宽及刃长相匹配，排屑槽30的槽宽c为0.1㎜～0.35 ㎜；基于上述对切削主体10的外径及切削刃20的刃宽的限定，切削刃部1上可设置6～200个、甚至数量更多的切削刃20。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，切削刃20的刃宽指的是切削刃20的两侧面之间的距离，在附图3中用a标注，切削刃20的刃长指的是切削刃20的前端至其后端沿切削主体10的中心轴方向的距离，在附图1中用Lr标注。
优选地，本实施例中的切削刃20的螺旋角为20°～65°，通过适当增加螺旋角度能够让刀具在加工过程中的切削力减小，刀具抗冲击性强，防止振刀，并能保证更好的表面加工质量，提高切削刀具的使用寿命；优选地，切削刃20的螺旋角为30°，基于此螺旋角度，切削刃20的强度、锋利程度、切削力的大小及切削屑的排出速度均十分理想。
另外，本实施例中，切削刃20的方向可以为左旋或者右旋转。
本实施例第二方面还提供一种切削刀具，具体请参阅附图4所示，其包括刀具柄部2及安装于所述刀具柄部2前端的如本实施例第一方面所述的切削刃部1，所述刀具柄部2与所述切削主体10的后端面连接。将刀具柄部2装夹于旋转加工设备上时，能够驱动切削刃部1转动，以对待加工的产品进行铣削。
本实施例中的切削刀具，由于包括第一方面的切削刃部1，因此具有切削刃部1的全部有益效果，在此不作一一陈述。
综上，本发明实施例提供一种具有双头倒角功能的切削刀具及其切削刃部，通过将切削主体10设置为主体前部11、连接部12及主体后部13的三段式结构，所述主体前部11通过第一截头圆锥111与连接部12的前端面连接，主体后部13通过第二截头圆锥131与连接部12的后端面连接，第一截头圆锥111的侧面与连接部12的侧面之间、第二截头圆锥131的侧面与连接部12的侧面之间均呈一定夹角，且切削刃20从主体前部11依次延伸至连接部12及主体后部13上，通过第一截头圆锥111与第二截头圆锥131的侧面上的切削刃20部分能够分别用于加 工孔结构中的下倒角及上倒角，而设置于连接部12侧面上的切削刃20部分则用于扩孔，利用本切削刃部1能够同时实现扩孔、上倒角及下倒角三道工序，减少了换刀时间及对刀时间，可缩短加工时间，加工效率大幅度提高；另外，若干个螺旋状的切削刃20沿切削主体10的中心轴周向分布，多个切削刃20能够共同承受较大的切削力，可适应较高的切削速度和较大的进给量，从而提高切削刀具的使用寿命。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和替换，这些改进和替换也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种用于切削刀具的切削刃部，其特征在于，包括切削主体及设于所述切削主体上的若干切削刃，所述切削刃为螺旋状，各所述切削刃沿所述切削主体的中心线周向设置于所述切削主体的外表面，相邻两个所述切削刃之间设有排屑槽；
    所述切削主体包括从前至后依次连接且同轴的主体前部、连接部及主体后部，所述连接部呈圆柱形，所述主体前部包括连接于所述连接部的前端面的第一截头圆锥，所述第一截头圆锥的外径从前至后逐渐减小，所述主体后部包括连接于所述连接部的后端面的第二截头圆锥，所述第二截头圆锥的外径从前至后逐渐增大；
    所述切削刃的前端设于所述主体前部的侧面，且所述切削刃依次沿所述主体前部的侧面、所述连接部的侧面及所述主体后部的侧面延伸，所述切削刃的后端设于所述主体后部的侧面。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的切削刃部，其特征在于，所述切削刃一体成型于所述切削主体上。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的切削刃部，其特征在于，所述切削刃部的材质为聚晶金刚石。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的切削刃部，其特征在于，所述第一截头圆锥后端的外径与所述连接部的外径相等，所述第二截头圆锥前端的外径与所述连接部的外径相等。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的切削刃部，其特征在于，所述主体前部还包括连接于所述第一截头圆锥的前端面的第一圆柱体，所述主体后部还包括连接于所述第二截头圆锥的后端面的第二圆柱体。
  6. 如权利5所述的切削刃部，其特征在于，所述第一圆柱体的外径与所述第一截头圆锥前端的外径相等，所述第二截头圆锥前端的外径与所述连接部的外径相等。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的切削刃部，其特征在于，所述切削刃的 前端设置于所述第一圆柱体的侧面上，且所述切削刃依次沿所述第一圆柱体的侧面、所述第一截头圆锥的侧面、所述连接部的侧面及所述第二截头圆锥的侧面延伸，所述切削刃的后端设置于所述第二截头圆锥的侧面上。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的切削刃部，其特征在于，所述第一截头圆锥的侧面与所述切削主体的中心轴之间、及所述第二截头圆锥的侧面与所述切削主体的中心轴之间的夹角均为30°～60°。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的切削刃部，其特征在于，所述切削刃的前端沿所述主体前部的前端面的边缘设置。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的切削刃部，其特征在于，所述主体前部的最大外径小于所述主体后部的最大外径。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的切削刃部，其特征在于，所述切削主体的最大外径为1㎜～20㎜，所述切削主体的长度为1.5㎜～7㎜。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的切削刃部，其特征在于，所述切削刃的刃宽为0.01㎜～0.5㎜，所述切削刃的刃长为1.2㎜～6㎜，所述排屑槽的槽深为0.05㎜～0.20㎜，所述排屑槽的槽宽为0.1㎜～0.35㎜。
  13. 如权利要求1-12任一项所述的切削刃部，其特征在于，所述切削刃的螺旋方向为左旋或者右旋，所述切削刃的螺旋角为20°～65°。
  14. 一种切削刀具，其特征在于，包括刀具柄部及安装于所述刀具柄部前端的如权利要求1-13任一项所述的切削刃部，所述刀具柄部与所述切削主体的后端面连接。
PCT/CN2019/094448 2019-02-25 2019-07-02 一种具有双头倒角功能的切削刀具及其切削刃部 WO2020173029A1 (zh)

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