WO2020158777A1 - 人工肺装置 - Google Patents
人工肺装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020158777A1 WO2020158777A1 PCT/JP2020/003101 JP2020003101W WO2020158777A1 WO 2020158777 A1 WO2020158777 A1 WO 2020158777A1 JP 2020003101 W JP2020003101 W JP 2020003101W WO 2020158777 A1 WO2020158777 A1 WO 2020158777A1
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- blood
- medium
- port
- housing
- gas
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- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 267
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 665
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 665
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 244
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 37
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- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 377
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 403
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 40
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 40
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- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 26
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Images
Classifications
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- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1698—Blood oxygenators with or without heat-exchangers
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- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an artificial lung device that removes carbon dioxide contained in blood and adds oxygen.
- the artificial lung device described in Patent Document 1 includes a housing and a gas exchanger.
- the housing has a cylindrical shape, and both ends thereof are closed by headers. Further, the housing is arranged upright so that the headers are located above and below, and the gas exchanger is housed therein.
- the gas exchanger comprises a bundle and a tubular core, and is constructed by winding the bundle around the tubular core. In such an artificial lung device, an annular blood passage is formed between the housing and the tubular core.
- a diffusion part is formed at the upper end of the tubular core, and the blood introduced into the tubular core is diffused into the blood passage by the diffusion part.
- a bundle wound around a tubular core is interposed in the blood passage. The bundle is configured by arranging a plurality of hollow fibers in a band shape, a gap is formed between adjacent hollow fibers, and the diffused blood proceeds to the outlet through the gap. Further, the hollow fiber has oxygen flowing therein, and removes carbon dioxide from blood touching the hollow fiber to add oxygen.
- an artificial cardiopulmonary circuit is used to replace the stopped function of the heart and lungs.
- the artificial lung plays a role of the lung, and as the artificial lung, for example, one disclosed in Patent Document 2 is known.
- the artificial lung described in Patent Document 2 includes a housing and a gas exchanger.
- a blood inlet port is formed on the bottom of the housing, and a blood outlet port is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the housing.
- a gas exchanger is housed in the housing, and oxygen is added to blood flowing in the housing by the gas exchanger.
- a venous blood tube and an arterial tube are attached to each port in order to allow blood to flow in and out, respectively.
- blood is guided from the venous tube into the housing through the blood inlet port.
- the conducted blood is discharged from the blood outlet port to the arterial tube through the gas exchanger in the housing, and oxygen is added to the blood as it passes through the gas exchanger.
- an artificial cardiopulmonary circuit is used to replace the stopped function of the heart and lungs.
- the artificial lung device plays the role of the lung, and as the artificial lung device, for example, one disclosed in Patent Document 3 is known.
- the blood inlet is provided in the tubular device housing so as to extend in the axial direction of the device housing.
- a heating fluid inlet pipe having a heating fluid inlet for flowing the heating fluid to one side in the axial direction of the device housing, and a heating fluid having a heating fluid outlet for flowing the heating fluid to the other side in the axial direction of the device housing.
- An outflow tube is provided to extend within the device housing.
- a blood outlet is provided at the end of the device housing on the blood inlet side.
- a gas exchanger containing hollow fibers is provided in the device housing.
- blood enters the device housing through the blood inlet and then flows around the heating fluid inflow pipe and the heating fluid outflow pipe to be heat-exchanged and heated. Then, the heated blood flows around the hollow fiber of the gas exchanger to obtain oxygen and to discharge carbon dioxide into the hollow fiber.
- the artificial lung device described in Patent Document 1 is a so-called vertical type, but in addition to such an artificial lung device, the following artificial lung devices have also been developed. That is, it is a horizontal type artificial lung apparatus in which the housing is arranged horizontally. In a transverse oxygenator, the gas exchanger is also oriented horizontally within the housing, with an annular blood passage extending horizontally. Blood flows through this blood passage, but air bubbles may be carried along with this blood.
- such bubbles are absorbed when they touch the hollow fiber, and most of them are removed.
- the hollow fiber may not be able to absorb the air bubbles sufficiently.
- the unabsorbed bubbles float inside the housing toward the ceiling and accumulate near the ceiling. Then, when the bubbles are excessively accumulated, they may be carried toward the discharge port by the flow of blood.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an artificial lung device that can suppress excessive accumulation of air bubbles while removing air bubbles carried by blood.
- the conventional artificial lung device including Patent Document 1
- blood flows through the blood passage in the gap in the bundle forming the gas exchanger, but air bubbles are carried along with this blood.
- air bubbles are basically absorbed when the hollow fibers of the bundle are touched, and most of them are removed.
- the blood may not be sufficiently absorbed by the hollow fiber within the period in which the blood passes through the gas exchanger. Then, if the air bubbles that are not absorbed by the hollow fibers are excessively accumulated, they may be carried toward the discharge port by the flow of blood.
- an object of the present invention to provide an artificial lung device that can suppress excessive accumulation of air bubbles carried by blood.
- a hanging portion is formed in the upper part of the housing, and the artificial lung is hung by hanging the hanging portion on a hanging device or the like. used.
- the artificial lung thus constructed constitutes a part of the artificial heart-lung circuit and is used by connecting the venous tube and the arterial tube attached to each port to the corresponding devices.
- the blood flow path of the circuit is filled with the replacement fluid as a preliminary preparation, but the blood of the patient is diluted by the amount of the replacement fluid.
- the blood volume varies depending on individual factors such as the patient's weight and physique, but if there is a large amount of replacement fluid relative to the blood volume, the blood will be diluted and the required concentration of blood components will not be maintained, so blood will be transfused to supplement the blood components. There is a need. Therefore, in order to reduce the blood volume to be transfused, it is necessary to make the length of the blood flow path of the artificial lung circuit as short as possible, which can be realized by shortening the length of the tube, for example.
- the tube becomes longer due to the balance of handling depending on the layout relationship between the artificial lung and each device.
- the blood inlet port does not face the device connected to it but in the opposite direction, it is necessary to change the direction of the venous tube toward the device by folding it in a U shape, etc.
- the tube becomes longer.
- the intravenous tube is made as short as possible by rotating the suspension part with respect to the suspension device to change the direction of the blood inlet port so that the intravenous tube does not have to be folded back. doing.
- the two ports face the same direction. There is no such thing. Therefore, when the device to be connected to each of the blood inlet port and the blood outlet port is arranged on the same side with respect to the oxygenator, at least one of the tubes attached to the blood inlet port and the blood outlet port is also used. It is necessary to fold it back and the tube on that side becomes longer. Further, when the tube is folded back, if the degree of folding back is large, the flow path resistance increases at that portion. Then, the blood pressure in the tube may increase or the blood flow may stop. Therefore, it is necessary to devise how to handle the two tubes.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an artificial lung device capable of facilitating handling of a tube connecting a blood inflow port and a blood outflow port to a device.
- a blood outlet is provided at an end of the device housing on the blood inlet side, and blood flowing into the device housing is radiated concentrically inside the housing. As described above, the blood flows out from the blood outlet. Therefore, the contact time between the blood and the heat exchanger is short, and some of the blood that has entered the device housing from the blood inlet exits from the blood outlet without being sufficiently heat-exchanged. Therefore, the blood as a whole may not be sufficiently heated or cooled.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an artificial lung device capable of heating blood sufficiently.
- the artificial lung device has a housing having a blood inflow port and a blood outflow port, the axis of which is arranged in the lateral direction, and the housing is disposed in the housing, and blood is supplied from the blood inflow port
- a gas exchanger that exchanges gas for the blood on the way to the outflow port
- a filter structure that is arranged around the gas exchanger
- a facing member that faces the surface of the gas exchanger.
- a wall and a space formed by the facing wall and/or the filter structure are provided, and the facing wall and/or the filter structure has an inclined surface that is inclined toward the gas exchanger.
- the gas exchanger has a columnar shape with the axis centered in the lateral direction in the housing, and the bubble guiding unit extends from the gas exchanger to the blood outflow port.
- the flow straightening surface is provided across the flow path, and the flow straightening surface is provided around the gas exchanger while facing the outer peripheral surface of the gas exchanger, and relatively downward.
- the first rectifying surface is provided so as to be inclined so that the downstream side portion thereof is closer to the outer peripheral surface of the gas exchanger than the upstream side portion in the blood flow direction, and is provided relatively above the first rectifying surface.
- a second rectifying surface that is closer to the outer peripheral surface of the gas exchanger than the upstream side portion of the rectifying surface and has an inclination different from that of the first rectifying surface may be included.
- the bubbles received in the upstream portion approach the outer peripheral surface of the gas exchanger as the blood flows toward the downstream portion along the blood flow. .. Further, the air bubbles received by the first rectifying surface approach the outer peripheral surface of the gas exchanger as they float in the blood and head toward the second rectifying surface above. Therefore, according to the above configuration, it is possible to leave the gas exchanger, reach the bubble guiding portion, and redirect the bubbles to the gas exchanger.
- a filter may be provided on the rectifying surface.
- an opening may be formed in the first rectifying surface, and a filter may be provided in the opening.
- the second rectifying surface is located with a predetermined distance from the outer peripheral surface of the gas exchanger, and is located between the second rectifying surface and the outer peripheral surface of the gas exchanger.
- the bubble storage part may be formed.
- the bubbles floating along the rectifying surface can be brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the gas exchanger before reaching the second rectifying surface, and when a large amount of bubbles flow, Can be temporarily stored in the bubble storage portion which is a space between the second rectifying surface and the outer peripheral surface of the gas exchanger. Furthermore, when a certain amount of bubbles are stored in the bubble storage portion, the bubbles can be drawn into the hollow fiber membrane and degassed.
- At least the second rectifying surface of the rectifying surface may be formed by an inner wall surface of the housing.
- the blood outflow port may be provided with a filter.
- the filter may have a columnar shape in which the size of the blood in the blood outflow port in the flow direction is larger than the inner diameter of the blood outflow port.
- the volume of the filter can be increased, so that foreign substances can be removed from blood more reliably.
- the artificial lung device may have a bubble trap portion downstream of the bubble reservoir.
- the bubble trap portion may have an air vent port.
- the air bubbles that have accumulated in the air bubble reservoir can be discharged to the outside from the air vent port.
- the artificial lung device has a housing having a tubular shape in which both ends are closed, has a blood inflow port and a blood outflow port, and is arranged with its axis centered in the lateral direction; A gas exchanger that is disposed inside and exchanges gas with the blood on the way from the blood inflow port to the blood outflow port; and a rectifying frame that has a filter and is provided around the gas exchanger. A bubble reservoir provided between the rectifying frame and the gas exchanger, the bubble reservoir being located above the housing and facing the gas exchanger.
- the bubble reservoir is located above the housing and faces the gas exchanger. Therefore, when air bubbles accumulate in the space inside the air bubble storage portion, the air bubbles can eventually come into contact with the gas exchanger and can be taken into the gas exchanger. Thereby, it is possible to suppress excessive accumulation of bubbles in the bubble storage portion.
- the bubble storage portion may include an inner peripheral surface of the rectifying frame and an outer peripheral surface of the gas exchanger.
- the rectifying frame may have an inclined rectifying surface in the vicinity of the gas exchanger.
- the inclined rectifying surface of the rectifying frame allows the bubbles in the bubble reservoir to be smoothly guided to and taken into the gas exchanger.
- the artificial lung device is provided with a housing having a blood inflow port and a blood outflow port, and is arranged in the housing.
- the bubbles that have not been absorbed even after passing through the gas exchanger in the oxygenator will travel toward the gas exchanger again, so that more bubbles can be absorbed by the gas exchanger. ..
- the surface of the gas exchanger that constitutes the bubble guiding portion and the facing wall are in contact with each other vertically above or downstream (the separation dimension becomes zero), or they are asymptotic even if they do not come into contact with each other ( The separation dimension approaches zero). Therefore, it is possible to more reliably direct the bubbles reaching the bubble guide portion to the gas exchanger, and it is possible to suppress excessive accumulation of bubbles in the housing.
- a filter that removes foreign matter in the blood by allowing blood that has passed through the gas exchanger to traverse a flow path toward the blood outflow port is a part of the filter surface. May be provided in contact with the surface of the gas exchanger, and the filter may form the facing wall.
- the gas exchanger is provided such that a part of the surface thereof is in contact with the inner wall surface of the housing, and the inner wall surface of the housing constitutes the facing wall. Good.
- the function of the opposing wall can be shared by the housing originally provided without providing a dedicated opposing wall.
- a heat exchanger which is disposed in the housing, and which controls the temperature of blood flowing from the blood inflow port and sends the temperature-adjusted blood to the gas exchanger.
- the vessel has a tubular shape surrounding the heat exchanger, and a tubular wall that separates the heat exchanger and the gas exchanger is provided between the heat exchanger and the gas exchanger, and the inner peripheral surface of the gas exchanger and the The bubble guiding part may be formed in a portion of the cylindrical wall facing the inner peripheral surface of the gas exchanger.
- the bubble guide portion can be provided on the inner peripheral surface side of the gas exchanger.
- the artificial lung device of the present invention is a gas exchanger for exchanging gas with respect to touched blood, a housing, a hollow housing body for accommodating the gas exchanger, and a gas exchange with the gas exchanger.
- a blood inflow port formed in the housing body so as to allow blood to flow into the housing body, a cylindrical blood outflow port for discharging blood in the housing body, and a mounting portion to which the blood outflow port is attached.
- a housing having, and a proximal end portion of the blood outflow port is attached to the attachment portion so as to be rotatable about its axis, and the blood outflow port has a distal end portion thereof. It is bent so as to form a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the base end side portion.
- the blood outflow port is bent and rotatably provided in the housing body. Therefore, the blood outflow port can be rotated by rotating the blood outflow port regardless of the orientations of the housing body and the blood inflow port. The orientation of can be changed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the position and orientation of the artificial lung device from being limited, and facilitate the handling of the tube that connects the blood inflow port and the blood outflow port to the device.
- the attachment portion is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape and has an engagement portion on an inner peripheral surface thereof, and a proximal end portion of the blood outflow port is attached to the attachment portion. , May have an engaged portion that engages with the engaging portion in the attached state.
- the blood inflow port receives a load such that it can be detached from the attachment part from the blood flowing therein or the blood guided thereto, but the engagement part and the engaged part are engaged with each other as described above. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the blood inflow port from easily coming off the attachment portion.
- one of the engaging portion and the engaged portion is constituted by a plurality of engaging pieces arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the engaging piece is upwardly arranged. It is formed in a taper shape so as to protrude inward in the radial direction as it advances, and the other of the engaging portion and the engaged portion is formed so as to correspond to the position of the engaging piece and protrude outward in the radial direction.
- the engagement pieces may be engaged with the plurality of engagement pieces while being positioned above the plurality of engagement pieces.
- the engaged portion can be guided by the plurality of tapered engagement pieces. Accordingly, the blood inflow port can be easily attached, and the artificial lung device can be easily manufactured.
- the artificial lung device further includes a first seal member and a second seal member that seal between the outer peripheral surface of the proximal end side portion and the inner peripheral surface of the mounting portion, and the first seal member is The outer peripheral surface of the base end side portion of the blood outflow port may be disposed closer to the base end side than the second seal member, and the second seal member may have a higher crush rate than the first seal member.
- the second seal member since the second seal member has a higher crush rate than the first seal member, even if blood leaks from the first seal member, the second seal member can prevent the blood from leaking to the outside. In addition, by reducing the crushing rate of the first seal member, it is possible to suppress an increase in sliding resistance when the blood outflow port is rotated.
- the proximal end portion of the blood inflow port projects from the housing main body in one of the up and down directions, and the distal end portion of the blood inflow port is connected to the proximal end portion via a bent portion.
- the blood outflow port is formed in the bent portion so as to project from the bent portion in one of the up and down directions, and is inclined radially outward so as to be directed in the up and down direction with respect to the base end side portion. You may have a holding part.
- the blood inflow port can be easily rotated by the grip portion. Further, since the grip portion is formed so as to project, the grip portion functions as a rib, and the rigidity of the blood inflow port can be improved. Furthermore, when the oxygenator is dropped with the blood inflow port on the lower side, the grip portion can be applied to the floor or the like. Thereby, the impact at the time of dropping can be applied in the axial direction of the base end side portion. Since the base end side portion is formed along the axial direction, it has high rigidity. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the blood inflow port from being damaged by landing from the gripping portion when dropped.
- the oxygenator of the present invention includes a tubular housing having both ends closed, a heat exchanger provided in the housing for exchanging heat with blood, and an axis line of the heat exchanger in the housing. Between the heat exchanger and the gas exchanger, the gas exchanger being disposed around the direction, and in fluid communication with the heat exchanger for performing gas exchange with blood, and around the axial direction of the heat exchanger.
- a heat medium compartment through which a heat medium flowing in and out of the heat exchanger flows, a blood inflow port provided at one end of the housing and in fluid communication with the heat exchanger, and provided in the housing, A blood outflow port in fluid communication with the gas exchanger, a medium inflow port and a medium outflow port provided at the other end of the housing and in fluid communication with the heat medium compartment, and from the heat exchanger to the heat medium compartment.
- a bridge structure forming a road.
- the oxygenator of the present invention includes a tubular housing having blood inflow ports, blood outflow ports, medium inflow ports, and medium outflow ports closed at both ends, and a heat exchanger in fluid communication with the blood inflow ports. And a gas exchanger disposed around the heat exchanger and in fluid communication with the heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger comprises the blood inflow port and the blood outflow port and a fluid.
- a blood chamber having a communicating end; and a heat exchange unit in fluid communication with the medium inflow port and the medium outflow port, through which a heat medium flows, the heat exchange unit including the end of the blood chamber in the housing. It has an extending portion which is arranged so as to extend beyond the axial direction of.
- the priming volume can be reduced.
- the present invention it is possible to provide an artificial lung device that can suppress excessive accumulation of air bubbles carried by blood.
- the second disclosure it is possible to provide an artificial lung device capable of suppressing excessive accumulation of air bubbles carried by blood.
- the third disclosure according to the present invention, it is possible to facilitate the handling of the tube that connects the blood inflow port and the blood outflow port to the device.
- the fourth disclosure according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an artificial lung device capable of heating blood sufficiently.
- FIG. 1 is a front view showing the external appearance of the oxygenator of the present embodiment regarding the first disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the artificial lung device of FIG. 1 taken with respect to the first disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a rectifying frame included in the oxygenator of FIG. 1 according to the first disclosure.
- FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a rectifying frame of the artificial lung device according to the second embodiment regarding the first disclosure.
- FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a blood outflow port of the oxygenator according to the third embodiment with respect to the first disclosure.
- FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional view of the artificial lung device according to the first embodiment regarding the second disclosure.
- FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the artificial lung device of FIG. 6 with respect to the second disclosure.
- FIG. 8 is a side cross-sectional view of the oxygenator according to the second embodiment regarding the second disclosure.
- FIG. 9 is a front cross-sectional view of the oxygenator according to the third embodiment regarding the second disclosure.
- FIG. 10 is a front cross-sectional view of the artificial lung device according to the fourth embodiment regarding the second disclosure.
- FIG. 11 is a front cross-sectional view of the oxygenator according to the fifth embodiment with respect to the second disclosure.
- FIG. 12 is a front cross-sectional view of the artificial lung device according to the sixth embodiment regarding the second disclosure.
- FIG. 13 is a front cross-sectional view of the artificial lung device according to the seventh embodiment regarding the second disclosure.
- FIG. 14 is a front cross-sectional view of the artificial lung device according to the eighth embodiment regarding the second disclosure.
- FIG. 15 is a front view of the artificial lung device according to the first modification with respect to the second disclosure.
- FIG. 16 is a front view of an artificial lung device according to a second modification regarding the second disclosure.
- FIG. 17 is a front view of the artificial lung device according to the first reference example regarding the second disclosure.
- FIG. 18 is a front view showing external fitting of the oxygenator of the present embodiment regarding the third disclosure.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the artificial lung device of FIG. 18 taken with respect to the third disclosure.
- FIG. 20 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a region X1 of FIG. 19 in an enlarged manner regarding the third disclosure.
- FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the tip of the blood outflow port is directed to the right side of the drawing with respect to the artificial lung device of FIG. 19 according to the third disclosure.
- 22 is a front view showing a state in which the blood outflow port is directed in various directions with respect to the artificial lung device of FIG. 18 according to the third disclosure
- FIG. , (B) are front views showing a state in which the tip of the blood outflow port is directed to the back side.
- FIG. 23 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the blood outflow port in the oxygenator of another embodiment in an enlarged manner with respect to the third disclosure.
- FIG. 24 is a front view showing the outer appearance of the oxygenator according to the embodiment of the present invention regarding the fourth disclosure.
- 25 is a front cross-sectional view of the oxygenator of FIG. 24 with respect to the fourth disclosure.
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the oxygenator of FIG. 24 in perspective with respect to the fourth disclosure.
- 27 is a perspective view of the middle cylinder of FIG. 25 with respect to the fourth disclosure.
- 28A and 28B are, with respect to the fourth disclosure, FIG. 28A is a front view of the middle cylinder of FIG. 27,
- FIG. 28B is a side view of one side of the middle cylinder of FIG.
- FIG. 7B is a side view of the other side of the middle cylinder.
- 29 is a perspective view of the inner cylinder of FIG. 25 with respect to the fourth disclosure.
- Embodiments 1 to 3 will be described.
- FIG. 1 is a front view showing the appearance of the artificial lung device 1 of the present embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the artificial lung device 1 of FIG.
- the artificial lung apparatus 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is used to substitute the function of the lungs of a patient in an operation performed by stopping the movement of the heart of the patient. Therefore, the artificial lung device 1 has a gas exchange function of removing carbon dioxide contained in the blood of the patient and adding oxygen, and also has a heat exchange function of adjusting the temperature of the blood.
- the artificial lung device 1 having such a function has a so-called horizontal type configuration and includes a housing 2, an inner cylinder 3, and a middle cylinder 4.
- the housing 2 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape with both ends closed, and has an internal space 2a (see FIG. 2) for accommodating the inner cylinder 3 and the middle cylinder 4 therein.
- the housing 2 has a housing body 11, a suspending portion 13, and two cap portions 14 and 15.
- the housing body 11 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a hanging portion 13 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion thereof.
- the hanging portion 13 is arranged in the central portion of the housing body 11 in the direction of the axis 11a, and extends from the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion of the housing body 11 to the outside in the radial direction.
- the suspending portion 13 is formed, for example, in a generally columnar shape, and a tip end side portion thereof is attached to an external suspending device (not shown) so as to be suspended. Therefore, the housing body 11 can be suspended via the suspending portion 13, and the suspended housing body 11 is configured such that its axis 11a extends in the horizontal direction.
- the housing body 11 has open end portions on both sides in the direction of the axis 11a. Among them, the opening end on one side (left side in FIG. 2) is closed by the cap portion 14, and the opening end on the other side (right side in FIG. 2) is closed by the cap portion 15. These cap portions 14 and 15 are formed in a substantially disc shape. For convenience of description, the side where the cap portion 14 is located in the direction of the axis 11a of the housing body 11 is the left side, and the side where the cap portion 15 is located is the right side.
- the cap portion 14 has a gas supply port 18 formed therein.
- the gas supply port 18 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and projects from the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the cap portion 14 to the left side in the direction of the axis 11a.
- the gas supply port 18 is connected to an external gas supply device (not shown) via a gas supply tube, and a gas containing oxygen supplied from the gas supply device is supplied from the gas supply port 18 into the housing 2. Be led to.
- the gas discharge port 19 is formed in the cap portion 15.
- the gas discharge port 19 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and projects from the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the cap portion 15 to the right side in the direction of the axis 11a.
- the gas discharge port 19 is connected to an external gas supply device via a gas discharge tube, so that the gas supplied from the gas supply port 18 into the housing 2 is discharged and returned to the gas supply device. It has become.
- a blood inflow port 16 is formed near the central axis of the cap portion 14 (an axis that substantially coincides with the axis 11a of the housing body 11).
- the blood inflow port 16 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and protrudes obliquely downward to the left from below the central axis of the cap portion 14.
- a venous blood tube (not shown) is connected to the blood inflow port 16, and venous blood is guided into the housing main body 11 via the venous blood tube and the blood inflow port 16.
- a blood outflow port 17 is formed at a lower portion of the outer peripheral surface of the housing body 11 (a portion opposite to the hanging portion 13) and on the left side of the center of the oxygenator 1 in the direction of the axis 11a.
- the blood outflow port 17 includes a port attachment portion 17a and a port body portion 17b.
- the port mounting portion 17a is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, is provided on the lower portion of the outer peripheral surface of the housing body 11, and projects downward.
- the port body portion 17b is inserted into the port attachment portion 17a from below.
- the port body portion 17b is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, projects downward from the lower end of the port attachment portion 17a, and is bent obliquely downward at the tip.
- An arterial blood tube (not shown) is connected to the blood outflow port 17 (port body portion 17b), and the arterial blood generated by the artificial lung device 1 is sent to the outside via the arterial blood tube.
- a medium inflow port 20 and a medium outflow port 21 are provided in the cap portion 15.
- the medium inflow port 20 and the medium outflow port 21 are arranged vertically separated with the central axis of the cap portion 15 interposed therebetween.
- the two ports 20 and 21 do not necessarily have to be separated vertically and may be arranged separated left and right.
- the two ports 20 and 21 are formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and project from the cap portion 15 to the right in the direction of the axis 11a.
- the medium inflow port 20 is connected to a medium supply tube (not shown) and guides a heat medium such as hot water or cold water from the medium supply tube into the housing 2.
- the medium outflow port 21 is connected to a medium discharge tube (not shown) and discharges the heat medium in the housing 2 to the outside of the housing 2 via the medium discharge tube.
- the inner cylinder 3 and the middle cylinder 4 are housed coaxially in the inner space 2a of the housing 2 described above, and these form a heat exchange chamber 3c, a gas exchange chamber 45, and the like.
- the outer diameter of the middle cylinder 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the housing body 11, and the middle cylinder 4 is arranged with respect to the housing body 11 so that their mutual axes coincide.
- an annular space is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the middle cylinder 4 and the inner peripheral surface of the housing body 11, and this annular space forms the gas exchange chamber 45.
- a hollow fiber body (gas exchanger) 43 is provided in the gas exchange chamber 45.
- the hollow fiber body 43 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape (or a columnar shape having an internal space), and is composed of a plurality of hollow fibers. Specifically, the hollow fiber body 43 is configured by winding a mat-shaped hollow fiber membrane (bundle), which is formed by stacking a plurality of hollow fibers so as to intersect each other, around the outer peripheral surface of the middle cylinder 4. .. The hollow fiber membrane is wound until the thickness of the hollow fiber body 43 is substantially equal to the distance between the middle cylinder 4 and the housing body 11. That is, the hollow fiber body 43 is formed along the inner peripheral surface of the housing body 11 so that the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber body 43 abuts substantially the entire circumference of the inner peripheral surface of the housing body 11.
- An annular seal member 50 is provided in the area on the left side of the gas exchange chamber 45.
- the seal member 50 forms a gas inflow space 52 together with the inner peripheral surface of the cap portion 14, and the gas supply port 18 communicates with the gas inflow space 52.
- an annular seal member 51 is provided in the area on the right side of the gas exchange chamber 45.
- the seal member 51 forms a gas outflow space 53 together with the inner peripheral surface of the cap portion 15, and the gas outflow space 19 communicates with the gas outflow space 53.
- the hollow fiber body 43 is provided so as to be sandwiched between the seal member 50 and the seal member 51 from the left and right.
- the seal member 50 seals between the middle cylinder 4 and the housing 2 over the entire circumferential direction.
- the seal member 51 seals between the middle cylinder 4 and the housing 2 over the entire circumferential direction on the right side of the gas exchange chamber 45.
- a gap is provided between each of the plurality of hollow fibers constituting the hollow fiber body 43, and in the gas exchange chamber 45, blood flows through the gap.
- the blood guided to the gas exchange chamber 45 passes through the gap in the hollow fiber body 43 and flows from the right side to the left side in the direction of the axis 11a while touching the hollow fiber.
- Oxygen-rich gas is passed through the inner hole of the hollow fiber from the external gas supply device through the gas supply port 18 and the gas inflow space 52. Therefore, when blood having a high carbon dioxide concentration touches the hollow fiber, gas exchange is performed between the blood and the gas in the hollow fiber. This removes carbon dioxide from the blood and adds oxygen to the blood.
- the blood flows to the left side in the direction of the axis 11a in the gas exchange chamber 45 while the gas is being exchanged.
- the gas passing through the inner hole of the hollow fiber flows to the right while the gas is being exchanged, and returns to the external gas supply device through the gas outflow space 53 and the gas discharge port 19.
- the downstream side (left side) of the gas exchange chamber 45 is expanded radially outward compared to the remaining part. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, an annular recess 54 that is recessed radially outward is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the left side portion of the housing body 11.
- the left side portion of the recess 54 has a substantially constant diameter dimension, while the right side portion is tapered toward the right side and is formed in a tapered shape.
- the seal member 50 is arranged in the central portion of the recess 54, and the portion of the recess 54 on the right side of the seal member 50 is tapered as described above.
- An outer peripheral space 55 formed between the concave portion 54 and the hollow fiber body 43 is formed around the hollow fiber body 43, and communicates with the blood outflow port 17 at a lower portion.
- a circular ring-shaped filter structure is provided in the outer peripheral space 55 along the outer peripheral space 55.
- the filter structure includes a rectification frame 56.
- the rectification frame 56 guides air bubbles that are carried with the blood flowing through the gas exchange chamber 45 while exchanging gas toward the hollow fiber bodies 43 again and takes them into the hollow fibers. This will be described later in detail.
- the upper part of the housing body 11 is provided with an air vent port 57 that connects the outer peripheral space 55 and the outside.
- the air bleed port 57 discharges air bubbles accumulated in the upper portion (air bubble trap portion) of the outer peripheral space 55 to the outside.
- the bubble trap portion is provided downstream of the bubble storage portion 70 described later and is capable of storing bubbles.
- such a bubble trap portion is formed by the recess 54 (particularly, the portion of the recess 54 above the hollow fiber body 43).
- a cap member (not shown) is basically covered on the outer open end of the air bleeding port 57 to prevent air bubbles and blood from being discharged from the air bleeding port 57 except when air bubbles are discharged. ing.
- the above-mentioned middle cylinder 4 has a middle cylinder body portion 40 and a bridge portion 41.
- the middle cylinder body portion 40 is a portion that is cylindrical and forms the above-mentioned gas exchange chamber 45 on the outside thereof, and accommodates the inner cylinder 3 that forms the heat exchange chamber 3c in the inner space.
- the bridge portion 41 forms a three-dimensionally intersecting heat medium flow path for a heat medium entering and exiting the heat exchange chamber 3c, and a blood flow path for blood flowing from the heat exchange chamber 3c to the gas exchange chamber 45. To do.
- the tube group 32 is inserted and arranged so that the axial direction of the tube group 32 coincides with the axial direction of the inner cylinder 3.
- the tube group 32 is an assembly of a plurality of heat exchange pipes.
- Each heat exchange pipe is a long and small-diameter pipe made of a material having a high thermal conductivity such as stainless steel, and blood from the blood inflow port 16 flows into the left opening.
- the outer diameter of the inner cylinder 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the middle cylinder 4, and the inner cylinder 3 is positioned with respect to the middle cylinder 4 such that their axes coincide with each other.
- an annular heat medium chamber 35 through which the heat medium flows is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder 4.
- the heat medium chamber 35 is partitioned into an upper first heat medium chamber 33 and a lower second heat medium chamber 34.
- the upper first heat medium compartment 33 communicates with the medium outflow port 21 via the heat medium flow path of the bridge portion 41.
- the second heat medium compartment 34 on the lower side communicates with the medium inflow port 20 via another heat medium flow path of the bridge portion 41.
- a pair of disc-shaped tube supports 32a, 32a are provided in the inner cylinder 3.
- the outer diameter of the tube support 32a is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 3.
- the left pipe support 32a is inserted through the left end of the inner cylinder 3, and the right pipe support 32a is inserted through the right end of the inner cylinder 3.
- Each heat exchange pipe constituting the tube group 32 has its left end inserted into each of a plurality of holes radially arranged in the left pipe support 32a, and its right end is right pipe support. 32a is inserted into each of the plurality of holes radially arranged.
- the open end portions on both sides of the inner cylinder 3 are sealed by the pair of pipe support bodies 32a, and both ends of each heat exchange pipe of the tube group 32 are open to both end sides of the inner cylinder 3. ..
- the left opening of the heat exchange pipe of the tube group 32 communicates with the blood inflow port 16, and the right opening communicates with the gas exchange chamber 45 through the blood flow path of the bridge portion 41.
- a plurality of through holes are formed in each of the upper part and the lower part of the inner cylinder 3. Then, in the inner cylinder 3, the inside of the inner cylinder 3 communicates with the upper first heat medium compartment 33 through the upper through hole, and the inside of the inner cylinder 3 and the lower first heat medium compartment 33 communicate with each other through the lower through hole.
- the two heat medium compartments 34 communicate with each other. Therefore, the heat medium flowing in from the medium inflow port 20 enters the inner cylinder 3 (heat exchange chamber 3c) from the lower second heat medium compartment 34, passes through the gap of the heat exchange pipes of the tube group 32, and then, It flows out from the medium outflow port 21 to the outside via the first heat medium compartment 33 on the upper side.
- venous blood taken out of the vein enters the housing 2 through the blood inflow port 16 and enters the heat exchange chamber 3c through the left opening of the heat exchange pipe of the tube group 32.
- the blood in the heat exchange chamber 3c enters the gas exchange chamber 45 from the right side opening of the heat exchange pipe through the bridge portion 41 from the right side, flows through the gas exchange chamber 45 to the left side, and is sent out from the blood outflow port 17 to the outside. ..
- heat exchange is performed between the heat medium flowing in from the medium inflow port 20 via the second heat medium branch chamber 34 and the blood flowing in the heat exchange pipe of the tube group 32.
- gas exchange is performed between the blood flowing through the gap of the hollow fiber body 43 and the oxygen-rich gas passing through the inner hole of each hollow fiber. In this way, the blood that has flowed into the artificial lung apparatus 1 is adjusted to a predetermined temperature, and carbon dioxide is reduced and oxygen is added, so that the blood flows out from the blood outflow port 17 as arterial blood.
- the artificial lung apparatus 1 is of a horizontal type, and the blood flowing through the gas exchange chamber 45 also flows in a substantially horizontal direction. Then, the blood flowing through the gas exchange chamber 45 may be mixed with a small amount of air bubbles invading from any place. Such bubbles are basically absorbed when they touch the hollow fibers of the hollow fiber body 43, and most of them are removed. However, there are cases where blood cannot be sufficiently absorbed in the hollow fiber while the blood once passes through the hollow fiber body 43. Therefore, the artificial lung device 1 according to the present embodiment includes the rectifying frame 56 so that the hollow fiber body 43 absorbs more bubbles.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the rectification frame 56 included in the oxygenator 1.
- the flow rectifying frame 56 forms a bubble guiding portion that redirects the bubbles, which have not been absorbed by the hollow fiber body 43 and has passed with the flow of blood, to the hollow fiber body 43 again.
- the rectifying frame 56 has a substantially annular shape and a substantially frustoconical shape.
- the rectification frame 56 has a left first opening 60 having a relatively small diameter and a right second opening 61 having a relatively large diameter.
- Each of the first opening 60 and the second opening 61 has a circular shape.
- the upper end 60b of the first opening 60 and the upper end 61b of the second opening 61 have substantially the same vertical position, whereas the first opening 60 has the same position.
- Lower end 60c of the second opening 61 is located above the lower end 61c of the second opening 61.
- the first opening 60 and the second opening 61 are located apart from each other in the left-right direction by a predetermined distance, and the first opening 60 and the second opening 61 are connected by a curved straightening surface 62. ing. Therefore, the rectification frame 56 has a truncated cone shape in which the center line 60 a of the first opening 60 is located above the center line 61 a of the second opening 61.
- the rectifying surface 62 is provided across the flow path from the gas exchange chamber 45 to the blood outflow port 17 in the outer peripheral space 55.
- the rectifying surface 62 is provided around the hollow fiber body 43 while facing the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber body (gas exchanger) 43.
- the upper portion of the rectifying frame 56 is located substantially directly below the opening of the air bleeding port 57 on the outer peripheral space 55 side, and the lower portion of the rectifying frame 56 is on the outer peripheral space 55 side of the blood outflow port 17. It is located almost directly above the opening.
- the rectifying surface 62 has a first rectifying surface 63 and a second rectifying surface 64.
- the first rectifying surface 63 is provided relatively downward, and the downstream side portion (left side portion of FIG. 2) 63b is hollow as compared with the upstream side portion (right side portion of FIG. 2) 63a in the blood flow direction. It is inclined so as to be close to the outer peripheral surface of the thread body 43.
- one or a plurality of openings 65 are formed in the first rectifying surface 63, and a filter 66 is provided in the openings 65.
- the filter 66 provided on the first rectifying surface 63 faces the upstream side in the blood flowing direction away from the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber body 43, whereby blood passing through the hollow fiber body 43 is filtered. Through 66 to blood outflow port 17.
- the filter 66 removes a predetermined foreign substance mixed in the blood passing therethrough, and a known blood filter can be used.
- the filter structure may not include the rectifying frame 56 and may be configured by only the filter 66
- the second straightening surface 64 is provided relatively above.
- the second rectifying surface 64 is positioned closer to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber body 43 than the upstream side portion 63a of the first rectifying surface 63, and has an inclination different from that of the first rectifying surface 63 with respect to the outer peripheral surface.
- the upper end portion of the second rectifying surface 64 forms a surface that is substantially parallel to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber body 43 in cross-sectional view.
- this second rectifying surface 64 is also located apart from the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber body 43, and as shown in FIG. A bubble storage portion 70 is formed in the. No filter is provided on the second rectifying surface 64.
- such a second straightening surface 64 is located above the location where one or a plurality of openings 65 (filters 66) are located below the straightening surface 62.
- the filter 66 is provided in the three regions except the upper portion.
- An example is shown.
- the position where the filter 66 is provided is not limited to this.
- the filter 66 can be provided at an appropriate position and range excluding the upper second rectifying surface 64.
- the blood that has passed through the hollow fiber body 43 of the gas exchange chamber 45 goes to the blood outflow port 17 through the filter 66 of the rectifying frame 56.
- the air bubbles mixed in the blood are received by the rectifying surface 62 of the rectifying frame 56.
- the bubbles flow along the first rectifying surface 63 from the upstream side portion 63a toward the downstream side portion 63b, or rise due to buoyancy.
- the bubbles approach the hollow fiber body 43 in the process of moving from the upstream side portion 63a to the downstream side portion 63b of the first rectifying surface 63, and rise to the second rectifying surface 64 from the first rectifying first rectifying surface 63 due to buoyancy.
- the hollow fiber body 43 is approached. Therefore, in the artificial lung device 1, the air bubbles contained in the blood that has once passed through the hollow fiber body 43 can be redirected to the hollow fiber body 43 by the rectifying frame 56, and can be absorbed by the hollow fiber body 43 there. ..
- the artificial lung device 1 also has a bubble storage portion 70 between the second rectifying surface 64 and the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber body 43. Therefore, even if a large amount of bubbles flow, it is possible to temporarily store the bubbles in the bubble storage section 70.
- the first rectifying surface 63 mainly has a function of guiding (directing) bubbles to the hollow fiber body 43, whereas the second rectifying surface 64 temporarily stores the guided bubbles, and It has a function of contacting the hollow fiber body 43. Therefore, the second rectifying surface 64 does not need to be exactly parallel to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber body 43.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a rectifying frame 56A of the artificial lung apparatus 1A according to the second embodiment. More specifically, (a) of FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a portion including the entire rectifying frame 56A in the oxygenator 1A, and (b) is a portion including a top portion of the rectifying frame 56A in the oxygenator 1A.
- FIG. The rectifying frame 56A of the artificial lung device 1A has a second rectifying surface 64A formed at least in part by the inner wall surface of the housing body 11.
- the rectification frame 56 has been described as a whole independent from the housing body 11 and configured as a separate body.
- the rectification frame 56 is not limited to such a configuration.
- the wall portion 71 extends from the upper right end of the recess 54 of the housing body 11 along the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber body 43 into the outer peripheral space 55. It is set up.
- the inner peripheral surface 71A of the wall portion 71 constitutes (a part of) the flow regulating surface 62A, and in particular, the upper part of the inner peripheral surface 71A constitutes the second flow regulating surface 64A.
- the rectifying frame 56A has substantially the same lateral width dimension from the upper portion to the lower portion.
- the wall portion 71 has a smaller protrusion size toward the left as it goes from the upper portion to the lower portion, and the remaining portion 72 other than the portion formed by the wall portion 71 of the flow regulating frame 56A is different from the housing main body 11. It is composed of body parts.
- the structure corresponding to the first rectifying surface 63 of the first embodiment is mainly formed in the residual portion 72, and the filter 66 is also provided in the opening (not shown) formed in the residual portion 72.
- the boundary between the portion constituted by the wall portion 71 and the remaining portion 72 other than the portion is set as a boundary line extending in the circumferential direction in the example of FIG. 4A, It is not limited to this and can be set arbitrarily. Further, not only a part of the rectification frame 56A may be configured by the wall portion 71, but the entire rectification frame 56A (excluding the filter 66) may be configured by the wall portion 71.
- the inner surface of the housing body 11 (more specifically, the recess 54) forming the facing wall, the inner surface of the filter structure, and the outer surface of the hollow fiber body 43 are formed. A space is formed by the space, and the space forms the bubble storage portion 70 or the bubble guiding portion. In this case, the opposing wall may be provided on the filter structure.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the blood outflow port 17 of the artificial lung apparatus 1B according to the third embodiment.
- a filter is provided in place of or in addition to the filter 66 included in the rectifying frames 56 and 56A described in the first and second embodiments.
- the blood outflow port 17 shown in FIG. 5(a) has a port attachment portion 17a and a port body portion 17b as in the first and second embodiments.
- a flat plate-shaped filter 66A is provided in the opening on the inner side of the housing body 11 so as to cover the opening.
- the periphery of the filter 66A is a member different from the filter 66A, and may be fixed by a fixing member that fixes the filter 66A to the housing.
- the blood outflow port 17 shown in FIG. 5(b) also has a port attachment portion 17a and a port body portion 17b, as in the first and second embodiments.
- a columnar filter 66B is provided inside the port mounting portion 17a.
- the filter 66B has an outer diameter approximately the same as the inner diameter of the port mounting portion 17a, and is inserted so as to contact the inner peripheral surface of the port mounting portion 17a with almost no gap. Further, in the filter 66B, the dimension of the blood outflow port 17 in the blood flow direction is larger than the inner diameter dimension of the blood outflow port 17.
- Embodiments 1 to 8, Modifications 1 to 2, and Reference Example 1 will be described.
- FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the artificial lung device 1001A of the first embodiment
- FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view of the artificial lung device 1001A of FIG. 6 taken along the line II-II.
- the artificial lung device 1001A shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is used to substitute the function of the lungs of a patient in an operation performed by stopping the movement of the heart of the patient. Therefore, the artificial lung device 1001A has a gas exchange function of removing carbon dioxide contained in the blood of the patient and adding oxygen, and also has a heat exchange function of adjusting the temperature of the blood.
- the artificial lung device 1001A illustrated in the first embodiment has a so-called horizontal type configuration and includes a housing 1002 and an inner cylinder 1003.
- the housing 1002 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape with both ends closed, and has an internal space 1002a for accommodating the inner cylinder 1003 therein. Further, the housing 1002 has a housing body 1010, a hanging portion 1011 and two cap portions 1012 and 1013.
- the housing body 1010 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a suspending portion 1011 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion thereof.
- the hanging portion 1011 is arranged in a substantially central portion of the housing body 1010 in the direction of the axis 1010a, and extends from the upper outer peripheral surface of the housing body 1010 to the outside in the radial direction.
- the suspending portion 1011 is formed, for example, in a substantially columnar shape, and a tip end side portion thereof is attached to an external suspending device (not shown) so as to be suspended. Therefore, the housing body 1010 can be hung via the hanging portion 1011 and the hung housing body 1010 is configured such that its axis 1010a extends in the horizontal direction.
- the housing body 1010 has open ends on both sides in the direction of the axis 1010a. Of these, the opening end on one side (left side in FIG. 6) is closed by the cap portion 1012, and the opening end on the other side (right side in FIG. 6) is closed by the cap portion 1013.
- These cap portions 1012 and 1013 are formed in a substantially disc shape. Note that, for convenience of description, the side where the cap portion 1012 is located is the left side and the side where the cap portion 1013 is located is the right side in the direction of the axis 1010a of the housing body 1010.
- a gas supply port 1014 is formed in the cap portion 1012.
- the gas supply port 1014 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and projects from the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the cap portion 1012 to the left side in the direction of the axis 1010a.
- the gas supply port 1014 is connected to an external gas supply device (not shown) via a gas supply tube, and a gas containing oxygen supplied from the gas supply device is supplied from the gas supply port 1014 to the inside of the housing 1002. Be led to.
- the gas discharge port 1015 is formed in the cap portion 1013.
- the gas exhaust port 1015 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and projects from the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the cap portion 1013 to the right side in the direction of the axis 1010a.
- the gas exhaust port 1015 is connected to an external gas supply device via a gas exhaust tube, and the gas supplied from the gas supply port 1014 into the housing 1002 is exhausted and returned to the gas supply device. It has become.
- a blood inflow port 1016 is formed near the central axis of the cap portion 1012 (an axis that substantially coincides with the axis 1010a of the housing body 1010).
- the blood inflow port 1016 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and protrudes obliquely downward to the left from the lower side of the central axis of the cap portion 1012.
- a venous blood tube (not shown) is connected to the blood inflow port 1016, and venous blood is introduced into the housing body 1010 via the venous blood tube and the blood inflow port 1016.
- a blood outflow port 1017 is formed at a lower portion of the outer peripheral surface of the housing body 1010 (a portion opposite to the hanging portion 1013) and on the left side of the center of the oxygenator 1001A in the direction of the axis 1010a.
- the blood outflow port 1017 includes a port attachment portion 1017a and a port body portion 1017b.
- the port attachment portion 1017a is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, is provided on the lower portion of the outer peripheral surface of the housing body 1011 and projects downward. The port body portion 1017b is inserted into the port attachment portion 1017a from below.
- the port main body 1017b is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, projects downward from the lower end of the port mounting portion 1017a, and is bent obliquely downward at the tip.
- the port body 1017b can rotate around the axis of the port attachment 1017a with respect to the port attachment 1017a, and the outlet of the port body 1017b can be directed in various directions.
- An arterial blood tube (not shown) is connected to the blood outflow port 1017 (port body 1017b), and the arterial blood generated by the artificial lung device 1001A is sent to the outside via the arterial blood tube.
- the cap portion 1013 is provided with a medium inflow port and a medium outflow port (not shown).
- the medium inflow port and the medium outflow port are arranged apart from each other with the central axis of the cap portion 1013 interposed therebetween.
- the medium inflow port is connected to a medium supply tube (not shown) and guides a heat medium such as hot water or cold water from the medium supply tube into the housing 1002.
- the medium outflow port is connected to a medium discharge tube (not shown), and the heat medium in the housing 1002 is discharged to the outside of the housing 1002 via the medium discharge tube.
- the inner cylinder 1003 is housed in the inner space 1002a of the housing 1002 described above in a substantially coaxial shape with the housing body 1010.
- the inner cylinder 1003 causes the inner space 1002a of the housing 1002 to be in the heat exchange chamber 1020 and the gas exchange chamber 1021. It is divided into. Specifically, the internal space of the inner cylinder 1003 forms a heat exchange chamber 1020. Further, the annular space between the inner cylinder 1003 and the housing body 1011 is further divided into an annular space having a smaller diameter and an annular space having a larger diameter by a cylindrical filter structure 1030 described later, and the annular space having a smaller diameter is gas-exchanged.
- the chamber 1021 is formed, and the large-diameter annular space forms the blood outflow space 1022.
- a hollow fiber body (gas exchanger) 1040 is provided in the gas exchange chamber 1021.
- the hollow fiber body 1040 is formed into a substantially cylindrical shape (or a columnar shape having an internal space), and is composed of a plurality of hollow fibers. Specifically, the hollow fiber body 1040 is configured by winding a mat-shaped hollow fiber membrane (bundle), which is formed by stacking a plurality of hollow fibers so as to intersect each other, around the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 1003. .
- a mat-shaped hollow fiber membrane (bundle)
- a cylindrical core member that is externally fitted to the inner cylinder 1003 is separately prepared, and the bundle is wound around this core member and then the bundle is bundled together with the core member. It may be assembled so as to be fitted onto the inner cylinder 1003.
- An annular seal member 1050 is provided on the left side region of the gas exchange chamber 1021 and the blood outflow space 1022 by being fitted onto the left end of the hollow fiber body 1040.
- the seal member 1050 forms a gas inflow space 1052 together with the inner peripheral surface of the cap portion 1012 and the left end surface of the hollow fiber body 1040, and the gas inflow space 1052 communicates with a gas supply port 1014.
- an annular seal member 1051 is provided on the right side region of the gas exchange chamber 1021 and the blood outflow space 1022 by being fitted onto the right end portion of the hollow fiber body 1040.
- the seal member 1051 forms a gas outflow space 1053 together with the inner peripheral surface of the cap portion 1013 and the right end surface of the hollow fiber body 1040, and a gas exhaust port 1015 communicates with the gas outflow space 1053.
- the hollow fiber body 1040 is provided so as to be bridged between the gas inflow space 1052 and the gas outflow space 1053. Then, the seal member 1050 seals between the hollow fiber body 1040 and the housing 1002 on the left side of the blood outflow space 1022 over the entire circumferential direction, and the seal member 1051 on the right side of the blood outflow space 1022. The space between 1040 and the housing 1002 is sealed in the entire circumferential direction. With such a configuration, the gas inflow space 1052 communicating with the gas supply port 1014 and the gas outflow space 1053 communicating with the gas discharge port 1015 pass through the inner holes of the plurality of hollow fibers forming the hollow fiber body 1040. Communicate with each other.
- a gap is provided between each of the plurality of hollow fibers constituting the hollow fiber body 1040, and in the gas exchange chamber 1021, blood flows through this gap.
- the blood guided to the gas exchange chamber 1021 passes through the gap in the hollow fiber body 1040 and flows outward in the radial direction around the axis 1010a while touching the hollow fiber.
- Oxygen-rich gas is passed from the external gas supply device through the gas supply port 1014 and the gas inflow space 1052 to the inner hole of each hollow fiber. Therefore, when blood having a high carbon dioxide concentration touches the hollow fiber, gas exchange is performed between the blood and the gas in the hollow fiber. This removes carbon dioxide from the blood and adds oxygen to the blood.
- the internal space of the inner cylinder 1003 forms the heat exchange chamber 1020 as described above.
- a medium pipe line (not shown) is arranged in the heat exchange chamber 1020.
- a medium inflow port is connected to one end of the medium pipe line and a medium outflow port is connected to the other end.
- the medium conduit is a long and small-diameter pipe member made of a material having high thermal conductivity such as stainless steel.
- a plurality of through holes 1003a penetrating the inside and the outside are provided in the wall portion of the inner cylinder 1003, and the blood flowing in from the blood inflow port 1016 passes through the gap of the medium conduit, and further the inner cylinder 1003.
- the heat exchanger provided in the heat exchange chamber 1020 is not limited to the medium conduit, but the blood that has entered from the blood inflow port 1016 is heat-exchanged through the heat exchanger, and the gas is formed in the subsequent hollow fiber membrane. It may be provided so as to be exchanged.
- venous blood taken out of the vein enters the housing 1002 through the blood inflow port 1016, the heat exchange chamber 1020 in the inner cylinder 1003, the through hole 1003a of the inner cylinder 1003, and the inner cylinder 1003.
- the gas is sent out from the blood outflow port 1017.
- the blood is heat-exchanged with the heat medium flowing in the medium conduit in the heat exchange chamber 1020 as described above, and the temperature is adjusted to an appropriate temperature. Further, in the gas exchange chamber 1021, gas exchange is performed between the blood flowing through the gap of the hollow fiber body 1040 and the oxygen-rich gas passing through the inner hole of each hollow fiber. In this way, the blood that has flowed into the artificial lung device 1001A flows out from the blood outflow port 1017 as arterial blood by being adjusted to a predetermined temperature, reduced in carbon dioxide, and added with oxygen.
- the artificial lung apparatus 1001A is provided with a bubble guide portion 1090 as a structure for allowing the hollow fiber to absorb more gas such as bubbles flowing with blood. That is, the artificial lung device 1001A includes an opposing wall that is arranged so as to face the surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040 and forms a space (bubble storage portion) 1091 between the surface 1041 and the surface of the hollow fiber body 1040.
- the separation dimension D1 between 1041 and the opposing wall is gradually reduced to zero as it goes vertically upward.
- the surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040 and the facing wall where the separation dimension D1 gradually decreases to zero in this way form a bubble guiding portion 1090 that redirects the bubbles passing through the hollow fiber body 1040 to the hollow fiber body 1040 again.
- the filter structure 1030 forms the facing wall. The details will be described below.
- the filter structure 1030 of the artificial lung device 1001A has a function of removing foreign matter in blood, and as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, blood that has passed through the hollow fiber body 1040 flows to the blood outflow port 1017. It is provided so as to traverse the flow path toward it. More specifically, the filter structure 1030 has a cylindrical shape, and its inner diameter dimension R1 is larger than the outer diameter dimension R2 of the cylindrical hollow fiber body 1040. Further, the filter structure 1030 is arranged eccentrically with respect to the hollow fiber body 1040 which also has a cylindrical shape.
- a portion of the inner peripheral surface 1031 of the filter structure 1030 corresponding to the upper portion of the filter structure 1030 is in contact with a portion of the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040 corresponding to the upper portion of the hollow fiber body 1040.
- a space 1091 is formed between the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040 and the inner peripheral surface 1031 of the filter structure 1030 that forms an opposing wall facing the hollow fiber body 1040.
- the separation dimension D1 between the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040 and the inner peripheral surface 1031 of the filter structure 1030 gradually decreases as it goes vertically upward, and the contact point 1090a of the both is reduced. Has reached zero.
- the bubble guide portion 1090 is configured by the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040 and the inner peripheral surface 1031 of the filter structure 1030 in which the separation dimension D1 gradually decreases to zero in this way. Has been done.
- a space is formed by the inner side surface of the filter structure and the outer side surface of the hollow fiber body 43, and the space forms the bubble storage portion 70 or the bubble guiding portion. ..
- the bubble is guided by the bubble guiding portion 1090 to the inner circumference of the filter structure 1030. It rises by buoyancy along the surface 1031 or the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040.
- the space 1091 of the bubble guiding portion 1090 gradually narrows as it goes upward, and thus the rising bubbles are gradually and strongly pressed against the hollow fiber body 1040. Therefore, more bubbles can be absorbed by the hollow fiber body 1040, and excessive accumulation of bubbles in the housing 1002 can be suppressed.
- the cross-sectional shape of the filter structure 1030 is not limited to the circular shape shown in FIG. For example, it may be an elliptical shape, an oval shape, a drop shape, or the like. More specifically, as described above, the separation distance D1 between the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040 and the inner peripheral surface 1031 of the filter structure 1030 gradually decreases toward zero as it goes vertically upward (bubble guiding portion 1090). If it is provided, the configuration of the remaining portion of the filter structure 1030 is not particularly limited.
- FIG. 8 is a side sectional view of the artificial lung device 1001B according to the second embodiment.
- the description will be focused on the parts different from the above-described artificial lung device 1001A.
- FIG. 8 of the configurations of the artificial lung device 1001B, those that correspond at least in terms of function to the configuration of the artificial lung device 1001A are denoted by reference numerals obtained by adding 100 to the reference numerals used in the description of the artificial lung apparatus 1001A. ing.
- the artificial lung device 1001B is a so-called horizontal type, and includes a housing 1102 and an inner cylinder 1103.
- the housing 1102 has a generally cylindrical housing body 1110, a suspending portion 1111 connected to the upper portion of the housing body 1110, and two cap portions (not shown) that close the openings at both ends of the housing body 1110. ..
- An inner cylinder 1103 is accommodated in an internal space 1102a of the housing 1102 so as to be eccentrically located with respect to the axis of the housing body 1110 and to be located above. Further, a cylindrical hollow fiber body (gas exchanger) 1140 is externally fitted to the inner cylinder 1103 so as to form a coaxial shape, and the upper surface of the hollow fiber body 1140 on the surface 1141 of the hollow fiber body 1140. The portion corresponding to (1) is in contact with the portion of the inner wall surface 1110b of the housing body 1110 corresponding to the upper portion of the housing body 1110.
- a space (bubble storage portion) 1191 is formed between the outer peripheral surface 1141 of the hollow fiber body 1140 and the inner wall surface 1110b of the housing main body 1110 that faces the outer peripheral surface 1141.
- the distance D2 between the outer peripheral surface 1141 of the hollow fiber body 1140 and the inner wall surface 1110b of the housing body 1110 gradually decreases as it goes vertically upward, and is zero at the contact point 1190a between the both.
- the bubble guide portion 1190 is configured by the outer peripheral surface 1141 of the hollow fiber body 1140 and the inner wall surface 1110b of the housing body 1110 in which the separation dimension D2 gradually decreases to zero.
- a space is formed by the inner wall of the housing, the inner side surface of the filter structure 1030, and the outer side surface of the hollow fiber body 1140, and forms the bubble guiding portion 1190.
- the filter structure 1130 is housed in the internal space 1102a of the housing 1102.
- the filter structure 1130 has a rectangular plate shape in a plan view, and is curved so that a center portion 1132 in the front-rear direction projects downward in a side view.
- the upper surface of the central portion 1132 abuts on the lower surface 1141 of the hollow fiber body 1140
- the front end 1133 abuts on the front inner wall surface 1110b of the housing body 1110 near the center in the vertical direction.
- the end 1134 is in contact with the rear inner wall surface 1110b near the center in the vertical direction.
- the structure of the filter structure 1130 is not limited to that described above, and another structure may be adopted as long as it is provided so that blood passing through the hollow fiber body 1140 crosses the flow path toward the blood outflow port. ..
- venous blood taken out from the vein enters the housing 1102 through a blood inflow port (not shown), the heat exchange chamber 1120 in the inner cylinder 1103, the through hole 1103a of the inner cylinder 1103, After passing through the gas exchange chamber 1121 outside the inner cylinder 1103, the filter structure 1130, and the blood outflow space 1122 in this order, the blood is sent out from the blood outflow port (not shown) as arterial blood. Further, during this period, as in the artificial lung device 1001A, the temperature of the blood is adjusted in the heat exchange chamber 1120, and carbon dioxide is removed and oxygen is added in the gas exchange chamber 1121.
- the artificial lung device 1001B is provided with the bubble guiding section 1190 as described above. Therefore, even if there is a bubble that has not been absorbed even after passing through the hollow fiber body 1140, this bubble will be generated on the inner wall surface 1110b of the housing body 1110 or the outer peripheral surface 1141 of the hollow fiber body 1140 at the bubble guiding portion 1190.
- the space 1191 of the bubble guide portion 1190 gradually narrows as it goes upward, and thus the rising bubbles are gradually and strongly pressed against the hollow fiber body 1140. Therefore, more bubbles can be absorbed by the hollow fiber body 1140, and excessive accumulation of bubbles in the housing 1102 can be suppressed.
- FIG. 9 is a front sectional view of an artificial lung device 1001C according to the third embodiment.
- description will be centered on parts different from the artificial lung device 1001A described above.
- reference numerals obtained by adding 200 to the reference numerals used in the description of the artificial lung apparatus 1001A. ing.
- the artificial lung device 1001C is a so-called horizontal type, and includes a housing 1202, an inner cylinder 1203, and a middle cylinder 1204.
- the middle cylinder 1204 has a smaller diameter than the housing 1202 and a larger diameter than the inner cylinder 1203.
- the inner cylinder 1203 and the middle cylinder 1204 are housed in the internal space 1202a of the housing 1202 in a state of being arranged substantially coaxially with each other.
- the inside of the inner cylinder 1203 forms a heat exchange chamber 1220, and the tube group 1260 is arranged in the heat exchange chamber 1220 such that the axial direction of the pipe group 1260 coincides with the axial direction of the inner cylinder 1203.
- the tube group 1260 is an assembly of a plurality of heat exchange pipes, each pipe is made of a material having high thermal conductivity such as stainless steel, and blood from the blood inflow port 1216 flows into the left opening. ..
- An annular heat medium chamber 1261 is formed between the inner cylinder 1203 and the middle cylinder 1204.
- the heat medium chamber 1261 is further partitioned into a first heat medium chamber 1262 on the lower side and a second heat medium chamber 1263 on the upper side, and the medium inflow port 1218 communicates with the first heat medium chamber 1262.
- a medium outflow port 1219 communicates with the second heat medium chamber 1263.
- a plurality of through holes 1264 are formed in the upper portion and the lower portion of the inner cylinder 1203, respectively. Further, in the tube group 1260 in the inner cylinder 1203, the heat exchange pipes are supported so as to have a gap therebetween.
- the medium flowing in from the medium inflow port 1218 passes through the first heat medium chamber 1262, passes through the through hole 1264 in the lower portion of the inner cylinder 1203, and reaches the inside of the inner cylinder 1203. Then, it passes through the gaps between the plurality of heat exchange pipes forming the tube group 1260, passes through the through hole 1264 in the upper part of the inner cylinder 1203, reaches the second heat medium chamber 1263, and from there to the outside via the medium outflow port 1219. leak.
- the blood that has entered from the blood inflow port 1216 passes through the inner holes of the heat exchange pipes of the tube group 1260, heat is exchanged between the blood and the medium during this time, and the temperature of the blood is adjusted to an appropriate temperature. ..
- the through hole 1264 is not limited to the configuration provided in the upper portion and the lower portion of the inner cylinder 1203.
- the through hole 1264 may be provided at a position facing a side portion of the inner cylinder 1203, and the medium may be provided so as to flow from the front side of the paper surface to the back side of the paper surface or from the back side of the paper surface to the front side of the paper surface.
- the blood whose temperature has been adjusted in the heat exchange chamber 1220 flows out from the opening on the right side of the tube group 1260, moves radially outward near the right end of the inner cylinder 1203, and is further gas-exchanged around the outer circumference of the middle cylinder 1204. It reaches the chamber 1221. More specifically, the gas exchange chamber 1221 is formed between the middle cylinder 1204 and the housing body 1210, and a cylindrical hollow fiber body (gas exchanger) 1240 is externally fitted to the gas exchange chamber 1221. Has been.
- the hollow fiber body 1240 has a plurality of hollow fibers, the left opening of the inner hole of each hollow fiber communicates with the gas supply port 1214, and the right opening communicates with the gas discharge port 1215. Further, a gap is provided between the hollow fibers, and blood flows through this gap. That is, the blood discharged from the heat exchange chamber 1220 enters from the right side of the gas exchange chamber 1221 and flows toward the left side through the gap between the hollow fibers. During this time, an oxygen-rich gas flows through the inner hole of each hollow fiber, and gas exchange is performed between blood and this gas. As a result, carbon dioxide is removed from the blood and oxygen is added.
- the left side portion of the inner peripheral surface of the housing body 1210 is formed with a recess 1265 having a diameter larger than that of the other portions.
- the concave portion 1265 is positioned so as to circulate around the left side portion of the hollow fiber body 1240, and an annular and frustoconical filter structure 1230 is disposed between the concave portion 1265 and the hollow fiber body 1240.
- the filter structure 1230 is arranged so as to cross the flow path through which the blood passing through the hollow fiber body 1240 goes to the blood outflow port 1217. Therefore, the space defined by the recess 1265 and the hollow fiber body 1240 is divided into two by the filter structure 1230, and the space communicating with the blood outflow port 1217 forms the blood outflow space 1222.
- a space is formed by the inner wall of the housing body 1210 (first facing wall), the inner side surface of the filter structure 1230, and the outer side surface of the hollow fiber body 1221.
- the space constitutes the first bubble storage part or the first bubble guide part.
- the first opposing wall may be provided on the filter structure.
- the space (the second bubble guiding portion 1290) is constituted by the middle cylinder 1204 and the hollow fiber body 1240. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, a reduced diameter portion 1266 having a reduced diameter so as to have a smaller diameter than the other portions is formed in the center portion of the middle cylinder 1204 in the left-right direction.
- the reduced diameter portion 1266 is provided so as to circulate around the central portion of the middle cylinder 1204, and blood flows between the reduced diameter portion 1266 and the hollow fiber body 1240 toward the left side like the blood in the hollow fiber body 1240. Flowing.
- the left side portion of the reduced diameter portion 1266 forms a tapered portion 1267 having a tapered cross-section so that the diameter increases toward the left side.
- a tapered portion 1268 having a tapered shape is formed.
- the bubble guide portion 1290 is configured by the taper portion 1267 on the left side of the reduced diameter portion 1266 and the hollow fiber body 1240 in the middle cylinder 1204 described above. That is, the left taper portion 1267 constitutes the second facing wall according to the present invention, is located so as to face the inner surface 1241 of the hollow fiber body 1240, and has a space between the inner surface 1241 of the hollow fiber body 1240 ( A second bubble storage portion) 1291 is formed. Further, the separation dimension D3 between the outer surface 1267a of the tapered portion 1267 and the inner surface 1241 of the hollow fiber body 1240 reaches zero as it goes toward the downstream side (that is, the left side) in the blood flow direction of the space 1291. Is gradually decreasing.
- such a bubble guide portion 1290 is formed as an annular groove that surrounds the middle cylinder 1204.
- a space is formed by the inner wall (second facing wall) of the housing body 1210 and the inner surface of the hollow fiber body 1240, and the space is the second bubble storage portion 1290 or The second bubble guiding section 1291 is configured.
- this bubble is generated by the bubble guide portion 1290 at the outer peripheral surface 1267a of the tapered portion 1267 or the hollow fiber body 1240. It moves downstream along the inner peripheral surface 1241 in the blood flow direction.
- the space 1291 of the bubble guide portion 1290 gradually narrows toward the downstream side, so that the bubbles moving to the downstream side are gradually pressed against the hollow fiber body 1240. Therefore, more bubbles can be absorbed by the hollow fiber body 1240, and excessive accumulation of bubbles in the housing 1202 can be suppressed.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a configuration in which the reduced diameter portion 1266 has a trapezoidal cross section
- the configuration is not limited to such a configuration.
- a triangular cross section having a hypotenuse whose diameter increases toward the downstream side in the blood flow direction, or an arc cross section may be used.
- FIG. 10 is a front sectional view of an artificial lung device 1001D according to the fourth embodiment.
- the description will be focused on the parts different from the artificial lung device 1001A described above.
- reference numerals obtained by adding 300 to the reference numerals used in the description of the artificial lung apparatus 1001A. ing.
- the artificial lung device 1001D includes a box-shaped housing 1302.
- This housing 1302 has a rectangular tubular housing body 1310 having openings on the left and right, a hanging portion 1311 connected to the upper portion of the housing body 1310, and two cap portions 1312 and 1313 that close the left and right openings of the housing body 1310. And have.
- This artificial lung device 1001D is configured such that blood flows in the left-right direction, the heat medium flows in the front-back direction, and gas flows in the up-down direction in the internal space 1302a of the housing 1302.
- these configurations will be described in detail.
- the artificial lung device 1001D has a blood inflow port 1316 into which venous blood flows, and a blood outflow port 1317 from which blood whose temperature is controlled and gas-exchanged in the artificial lung device 1001D flows out as arterial blood.
- the blood inflow port 1316 is provided in the right cap portion 1313 at a position lower than the center in the vertical direction.
- the blood outflow port 1317 is provided in the left cap portion 1314 at a position lower than the center in the vertical direction.
- FIG. 10 illustrates a configuration in which the blood inflow port 1316 and the blood outflow port 1317 have the same vertical position, the present invention is not limited to this, and the vertical position and the longitudinal position of the two may be different. Good.
- the artificial lung device 1001D also has a gas supply port 1314 into which an oxygen-rich gas for gas exchange with blood flows, and a gas discharge port 1315 from which gas after gas exchange flows out.
- the gas supply port 1314 is provided in the upper portion of the left cap portion 1312
- the gas discharge port 1315 is provided near the center of the bottom wall of the housing body 1310.
- the upper part of the inner space 1302a of the housing 1302 forms a gas inflow space 1352 that communicates with the gas supply port 1314
- the lower part of the inner space 1302a forms a gas outflow space 1353 that communicates with the gas discharge port 1315.
- the gas inflow space 1352 and the gas outflow space 1353 have a vertically flat space shape, and a heat exchange chamber 1320, a gas exchange chamber 1321, and a blood outflow space 1322 are formed between them.
- a rectangular parallelepiped hollow fiber body (gas exchanger) 1340 is provided between the gas inflow space 1352 and the gas outflow space 1353.
- the hollow fiber body 1340 has the same dimension in the front-rear direction as the inner dimension in the front-rear direction of the housing body 1310, and the dimension in the left-right direction is smaller than the distance between the inner surfaces of the cap portions 1312 and 1313. Therefore, the hollow fiber body 1340 has its front and rear surfaces in contact with the front and rear inner surfaces of the housing body 1310. On the other hand, with respect to the left-right direction, it is disposed near the center in the left-right direction so as to be separated from both the cap portions 1312 and 1313.
- a sealing member 1350 is provided to connect the upper end of the hollow fiber body 1340 and the inner surfaces of the cap portions 1312 and 1313, and the lower end of the hollow fiber body 1340 is connected to the inner surface of the cap portions 1312 and 1313.
- a sealing member 1351 is provided. Therefore, the lower portion of the gas inflow space 1352 described above is defined by the upper end portions of the hollow fiber body 1340 and the seal member 1351, and the upper portion of the gas outflow space 1353 is defined by the lower end portions of the hollow fiber body 1340 and the seal member 1352. To be done.
- all of the plurality of hollow fibers forming the hollow fiber body 1340 are oriented substantially in the vertical direction, and the upper end thereof is opened in the gas inflow space 1352 and the lower end is opened in the gas outflow space 1353. ing. Therefore, the gas flowing in from the gas supply port 1314 enters from the gas inflow space 1352 into the inner hole of each hollow fiber of the hollow fiber body 1340 from the upper end opening, reaches the gas outflow space 1353 from the lower end opening, and then the gas exhaust port 1315 Is discharged from the outside. In addition, there is a gap between the hollow fibers, and blood flows through this gap. Then, gas exchange is performed between the blood flowing through the gap and the gas passing through the inner hole of the hollow fiber. Therefore, the space in which such a hollow fiber body 1340 is provided constitutes the gas exchange chamber 1321.
- a tube group 1360 composed of an assembly of a plurality of heat exchange pipes is arranged with the axis of each pipe oriented in the front-rear direction.
- the tube group 1360 is provided so as to block between the blood inflow port 1316 and the hollow fiber body 1340.
- a medium inflow port (not shown) is provided on one of the front wall and the rear wall of the housing body 1310 to communicate with an opening on one end side of the tube group 1360, and on the other side, a medium outflow port (not shown). ) Is provided and communicates with the opening on the other end side of the tube group 1360.
- the heat medium flowing in from the medium inflow port enters through the opening on the one end side of the tube group 1360, flows in each pipe, exits from the opening on the other end side, and flows out to the outside from the medium outflow port.
- a gap is provided between the heat exchange pipes, and blood flows through the gap. Then, heat exchange is performed between the blood flowing through the gap and the medium passing through each pipe. Therefore, the space in which such a tube group 1360 is provided constitutes the heat exchange chamber 1320.
- the space on the left side of the hollow fiber body 1340 that is, on the space defined by the left side surface of the hollow fiber body 1340, the inner surface of the left side cap portion 1312, the lower surface of the seal member 1350, and the upper surface of the seal member 1351. Is provided with a filter structure 1330 and a blood outflow space 1322.
- a rectangular sheet-shaped filter structure 1330 is provided along the left side surface of the hollow fiber body 1340.
- the filter structure 1330 is bent at the upper part thereof so as to project to the left side.
- the filter structure 1330 has its upper end 1331 abutting on the upper left side surface of the hollow fiber body 1340, its lower end 1332 abutting the lower left side surface of the hollow fiber body 1340, and from the center in the vertical direction.
- a bending portion 1333 is provided at a predetermined position above, and the bending portion 1333 is located apart from the left side surface of the hollow fiber body 1340 to the left side. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
- the space defined by the hollow fiber body 1340 and the filter structure 1330 has a triangular shape with the upper end 1331 and the lower end 1332 of the filter structure 1330 and the bent portion 1333 as vertexes. ing.
- the shape of the filter structure 1330 is not limited to the triangular shape, and may be a dome shape that projects in an arc shape to the left.
- the lower portion of the filter structure 1330 may be provided so as to approach the left side surface of the hollow fiber body 1340 as shown in FIG. 10, but the invention is not limited to this. Instead, it may have a shape that extends downward or a shape that spreads to the left side away from the left side surface of the hollow fiber body 1340.
- the space on the left side of the filter structure 1330 forms a blood outflow space 1322, and this blood outflow space 1322 communicates with the blood outflow port 1317. Therefore, the blood that has passed through the gas exchange chamber 1321 flows out of the blood outflow port 1317 through the blood outflow space 1322 after the foreign substances in the blood are removed by the filter structure 1330.
- the bubble guide portion 1390 is constituted by the filter structure 1330 and the hollow fiber body 1340. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, the filter structure 1330 has an inclined surface 1334 at a portion connecting the upper end 1331 and the bent portion 1333.
- This inclined surface 1334 forms the facing wall according to the present invention. That is, the inclined surface 1334 is located to face the left side surface 1341 of the hollow fiber body 1340, and forms a space (bubble storage portion) 1391 with the left side surface 1341 of the hollow fiber body 1340. Further, the separation dimension D4 between the right side surface 1334a of the inclined surface 1334 and the left side surface 1341 of the hollow fiber body 1340 is gradually reduced to zero as it goes vertically upward.
- this bubble is generated by the bubble guiding portion 1390 at the right side surface 1334a of the inclined surface 1334 of the filter structure 1330 or It rises along the left side surface 1341 of the hollow fiber body 1340 by its own buoyancy.
- the space 1391 of the bubble guide portion 1390 gradually narrows as it goes upward, so that the rising bubbles gradually approach the hollow fiber body 1340. Therefore, more bubbles can be absorbed by the hollow fiber body 1340, and excessive accumulation of bubbles in the housing 1302 can be suppressed.
- a space is formed by the inner side surface of the filter structure 1330 and the outer surface of the hollow fiber body 1340, and the space forms the bubble guiding part 1390 or the bubble storing part 1391. To do.
- FIG. 11 is a front sectional view of an artificial lung device 1001E according to the fifth embodiment.
- the description will focus on the parts different from the above-described artificial lung device 1001D.
- those that correspond at least in terms of function to the constituents of the artificial lung device 1001D are the third digit of the reference numerals used in the description of the artificial lung device 1001D ( (Except the subscript of the alphabet) is replaced by a symbol replaced with 3 to 4.
- the oxygenator 1001E includes a box-shaped housing 1402.
- the housing 1402 includes a rectangular tubular housing body 1410 having openings on the left and right sides, a hanging portion 1411 connected to an upper portion of the housing body 1410, and two cap portions 1412 and 1413 for closing the left and right openings of the housing body 1410. And have.
- the artificial lung device 1001E has a structure in which blood flows in the left-right direction in the internal space 1402a of the housing 1402, a heat medium flows in the front-rear direction, and gas flows in the vertical direction. That is, when blood flows in from the blood inflow port 1416 connected to the right cap portion 1413, it goes leftward, passing through the heat exchange chamber 1420, the gas exchange chamber 1421, the filter structure 1430, and the blood outflow space 1422 in order, The blood flows out from the blood outflow port 1417 connected to the left cap portion 1412.
- the heat medium enters the opening on one end side of the tube group 1460 from the medium inflow port (not shown), flows in the front-rear direction in each pipe, and exits from the opening on the other end side to the outside from the medium outflow port (not shown) leak.
- the gas for gas exchange flows into the gas inflow space 1452 from the upper gas supply port 1414, enters the inner hole of each hollow fiber of the hollow fiber body 1440 through the upper end opening, and reaches the gas outflow space 1453 through the lower end opening. Then, the gas is discharged from the gas discharge port 1415 to the outside.
- the heat exchange chamber 1420 blood passes through the gaps between the pipes of the tube group 1460 and is temperature-controlled therebetween, and in the gas exchange chamber 1421, the blood passes through the gaps between the hollow fibers of the hollow fiber body 1440 and undergoes gas exchange therebetween. It In addition, the blood that has passed through the hollow fiber body 1440 further passes through the filter structure 1430 arranged on the left side of the hollow fiber body 1440 (downstream side in the blood flow direction), passes through the blood outflow space 1422, and is discharged into the blood outflow port 1422. It reaches 1417.
- the inner surface 1470 of the left cap portion 1412 is positioned so as to face the left surface 1441 of the hollow fiber body 1440.
- a vertical surface 1471 is formed substantially along the vertical direction from the lower end to a predetermined position P1 above the center in the vertical direction.
- the upper portion of the inner surface 1470 from the position P1 is an inclined surface 1472 that faces the right side as it goes upward. Therefore, the lower vertical surface 1471 of the inner surface 1470 of the cap portion 1412 has a substantially constant distance dimension from the hollow fiber body 1440 at any position in the vertical direction.
- the distance D5 from the hollow fiber body 1440 is gradually reduced to zero as it goes vertically upward.
- a space (bubble storage portion) 1491 is formed between the inclined surface 1472 and the hollow fiber body 1440. Therefore, the inclined surface 1472 forms the facing wall according to the present invention, and the inclined surface 1472 and the left side surface 1441 of the hollow fiber body 1440 form the bubble guiding portion 1490.
- the filter structure 1430 has a rectangular flat sheet shape.
- the filter structure 1430 has an upper end located at a position corresponding to the position P1 on the inner surface 1470 of the cap portion 1412 (a connection position between the vertical surface 1471 and the inclined surface 1472), and a lower end at the lower part of the hollow fiber body 1440. It is arranged so as to be located at a connection point with the seal member 1451. That is, the filter structure 1430 is provided so that the blood that has passed through the hollow fiber body 1440 crosses the flow path toward the blood outflow port 1417, and the foreign matter in the blood from the blood that passes through the filter structure 1430. Are removed.
- the shape of the filter structure 1430 is not limited to the shape shown in FIG.
- the filter structure 1430 may be provided so as to approach the left side surface of the hollow fiber body 1440 as shown in FIG. 10, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the left side surface of the hollow fiber body 1440 may be contacted. Alternatively, the shape may extend downward.
- the bubble guide portion 1490 in the inclined surface 1462 of the cap portion 1412 or the hollow fiber body 1440. It rises along the left side surface 1441 by its own buoyancy.
- the space 1491 of the bubble guide portion 1490 gradually narrows as it goes upward, and thus the rising bubbles gradually approach the hollow fiber body 1440. Therefore, more bubbles can be absorbed by the hollow fiber body 1440, and excessive accumulation of bubbles in the housing 1402 can be suppressed.
- a space is formed by the inner wall surface of the housing 1402, the inner side surface of the filter structure 1430, and the outer surface of the hollow fiber body 1440, and the space is the bubble guide portion 1490 or A bubble storage portion 1491 is configured.
- FIG. 12 is a front sectional view of an oxygenator 1001F according to the sixth embodiment.
- This artificial lung device 1001F has a so-called vertical type configuration and includes a housing 1502 and an inner cylinder 1503. Note that, in FIG. 12, among the configurations of the artificial lung device 1001F, those that correspond to the configuration of the artificial lung device 1001A at least in terms of function are denoted by reference numerals obtained by adding 500 to the reference numerals used in the description of the artificial lung apparatus 1001A. ing.
- the heat exchange chamber 1520 and the gas exchange chamber 1521 are formed in the housing 1502, the venous blood flowing into the housing 1502 is temperature-controlled, and carbon dioxide is removed. Oxygen is added, and it is discharged to the outside as arterial blood.
- the housing 1502 has a cylindrical housing body 1510, a first header 1512 provided in an opening on the upper side thereof, and a second header 1513 provided in an opening on the lower side.
- the cylindrical housing body 1510 is arranged with its axis line oriented in the vertical direction, and the opening on the upper side is closed by the first header 1512.
- the first header 1512 has a cup shape with an opening facing downward, and a suspending tool 1511 is connected to the upper portion thereof. Further, a gas supply port (not shown) is connected to the peripheral portion of the first header 1512, and introduces oxygen-rich gas into the housing 1502.
- the second header 1513 provided in the lower opening of the housing body 1510 has a cup shape with the opening facing upward, and an opening 1513a is formed in the center thereof. Further, a gas discharge port (not shown) is connected to the peripheral portion of the second header 1513 to discharge gas from the inside of the housing 1502 to the outside.
- a tubular hollow fiber body 1540 is housed in an internal space 1502a of the housing 1502 in a state of being fitted onto a tubular core 1505. That is, the hollow fiber body 1540 is composed of a sheet-shaped hollow fiber membrane composed of a plurality of hollow fibers, and this hollow fiber membrane is wound around the outer periphery of the tubular core 1505 and together with the tubular core 1505. It is accommodated in the housing 1502. In addition to directly winding the hollow fiber membrane around the tubular core 1505, the hollow fiber membrane bundle provided in advance in a cylindrical shape may be covered on the tubular core 1505 and housed in the housing 1502. The tubular core 1505 is positioned coaxially with the housing body 1510, and the annular space between the tubular core 1505 and the housing body 1510 forms a gas exchange chamber 1521, which is filled with a hollow fiber body 1540.
- An annular first seal member 1550 is arranged on the upper side of the hollow fiber body 1540, and an annular second seal member 1551 is arranged on the lower side.
- a gas inflow space 1552 communicating with the gas supply port is formed on the upper side of the first seal member 1550, and a gas outflow space 1553 communicating with the gas discharge port is formed on the lower side of the second seal member 1551.
- the gas supplied from the upper gas supply port goes downward from the gas inflow space 1552 through the inner holes of each hollow fiber of the hollow fiber body 1540, and passes through the gas outflow space 1553 to the outside from the lower gas discharge port. It is designed to be discharged to.
- the second seal member 1551 is externally fitted and provided on the lower portion of the tubular core 1505.
- a cylindrical heat exchanger case 1503 is positioned inside the tubular core 1505 so as to be fitted inside except for the lower portion thereof.
- the lower portion of the heat exchanger case 1503 projects downward from the lower opening of the tubular core 1505, and further projects downward from the opening 1513a of the second header 1513 to be exposed to the outside.
- a lower end opening of the heat exchanger case 1503 is closed by a bottom cap 1570, and a medium inflow port 1518 and a medium outflow port 1519 are connected to a lower side surface of the heat exchanger case 1503.
- the bottom cap 1570 has a cup shape with an opening facing upward, and a blood inflow port 1516 is connected to the peripheral portion thereof.
- the medium inflow port 1518 extends obliquely downward from a predetermined position on the lower side surface of the heat exchanger case 1503, and the medium outflow port 1519 connects the medium inflow port 1515 on the lower side surface of the heat exchanger case 1503. It extends obliquely downward from a predetermined position different from the position.
- a heat exchange chamber 1520 is formed in the heat exchanger case 1503, and a tube group 1560 is housed in the heat exchanger case 1503 such that its axial direction coincides with the axial direction of the heat exchanger case 1503.
- Tube group 1560 is an assembly of a plurality of heat exchange pipes, and each pipe is made of a material having high thermal conductivity such as stainless steel.
- the outer periphery of the upper end of the tube group 1560 is sealed with a seal member (not shown) so that the heat exchange medium and the blood flowing out from the tube group 1560 are not mixed.
- a diffusion section 1571 is provided above the heat exchanger case 1503 so as to be fitted into the opening of the annular first seal member 1550. As shown in FIG. 12, the diffusion unit 1571 has a lower surface protruding downward in an arc shape when viewed from the front. Therefore, the blood flowing out from the upper part of the tube group 1560 is redirected radially outward by the diffusion part 1571 and flows into the gas exchange chamber 1521 from the upper part.
- the lower part of the housing main body 1510 is formed with a diameter-expanded portion 1572 that has a diameter that is wider than the other portions around the entire circumference.
- the enlarged diameter portion 1572 includes a peripheral surface portion 1573 formed of a tubular body, an annular upper surface portion 1574 that covers an upper end opening of the peripheral surface portion 1573, and an annular lower surface portion 1575 that covers a lower end opening of the peripheral surface portion 1573.
- the annular upper surface portion 1574 is inclined so that the inner peripheral portion 1576 is located above the outer peripheral portion 1577.
- the upper surface portion 1574 has a substantially frustoconical shape. Therefore, the inner surface (lower surface) of the upper surface portion 1574 forms an inclined surface 1574a that approaches the center as it goes upward.
- a space is formed between the inner surface of the expanded diameter portion 1572 and the outer peripheral surface 1541 of the hollow fiber body 1540, and the filter structure 1530 is arranged in this space.
- the filter structure 1530 has a frustoconical shape with the top facing downward, and its upper end (large diameter end) is located at the connection point between the peripheral surface portion 1573 and the upper surface portion 1574 in the expanded diameter portion 1572, and the lower end (small diameter The end) is located at a contact point between the lower surface portion 1575 of the expanded diameter portion 1572 and the hollow fiber body 1540.
- a blood outflow port 1517 that extends radially outward is connected to a predetermined position on the peripheral surface portion 1573 of the expanded diameter portion 1572.
- the inside of the enlarged diameter portion 1572 is divided by the filter structure 1530 into a space 1591 adjacent to the hollow fiber body 1540 and a blood outflow space 1522 communicating with the blood outflow port 1517. Then, the blood that has passed through the hollow fiber body 1540 passes through the space 1591, the filter structure 1530, the blood outflow space 1522, and the blood outflow port 1517 to the outside.
- the temperature of the blood that has flowed in from the blood inflow port 1516 is adjusted by the medium that has flowed in from the medium inflow port 1518 in the process of passing upward through the tube group 1560 of the heat exchange chamber 1520. ..
- the temperature-controlled blood is folded back above the heat exchange chamber 1520 and flows into the gas exchange chamber 1521, where gas is exchanged while passing between the hollow fibers of the hollow fiber body 1540. Then, the blood flowing out from the hollow fiber body 1540 has foreign substances in the blood removed by the filter structure 1530, and flows out to the outside as arterial blood.
- the bubble guide portion 1590 is constituted by the upper surface portion 1574 of the expanded diameter portion 1572 and the hollow fiber body 1530. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 12, the inner surface of the upper surface portion 1574 forms the inclined surface 1574a as described above, and the inclined surface 1574a forms the facing wall according to the present invention. That is, the inclined surface 1574a is located so as to face the outer peripheral surface 1541 of the hollow fiber body 1540, and forms a space (bubble storage portion) 1591 with the outer peripheral surface 1541. Further, the separation dimension D6 between the inclined surface 1574a and the outer peripheral surface 1541 of the hollow fiber body 1540 is gradually reduced to zero as it goes vertically upward.
- the bubble will not be absorbed by the bubble guiding portion 1590 at the inclined surface 1574a of the diameter expansion portion 1572 or the hollow fiber body 1540.
- the space 1591 of the bubble guiding portion 1590 gradually narrows as it goes upward, and thus the rising bubbles gradually approach the hollow fiber body 1540. Therefore, more bubbles can be absorbed by the hollow fiber body 1540, and excessive accumulation of bubbles in the housing 1502 can be suppressed.
- a space is formed by the inner wall of the housing 1502, the inner side surface of the filter structure 1530 and the outer surface of the hollow fiber body 1540, and the space is the bubble guide portion 1590 or the bubble.
- the storage unit 1591 is configured.
- FIG. 13 is a front sectional view of an oxygenator 1001G according to the seventh embodiment.
- this artificial lung device 1001G the description will be focused on the parts different from the above-described artificial lung device 1001F.
- the third digit of the reference numerals used in the description of the artificial lung device 1001F (Except the subscripts of the alphabet) are replaced with symbols 5 to 6.
- the artificial lung device 1001G is not provided with a diameter-expanded portion at the bottom of the housing body 1610. That is, the housing main body 1610 has a cylindrical shape having almost the same diameter from the upper end to the lower end, and the blood outflow port 1617 is connected to the lower end. Further, the cylindrical hollow fiber body 1640 wound around the outer periphery of the cylindrical core 1605 has an inner peripheral surface in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical core 1605, but an outer peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface of the housing body 1610. It is located a predetermined distance away from. Therefore, a cylindrical space is formed over the entire circumference between the housing body 1610 and the hollow fiber body 1640, and the cylindrical filter structure 1630 is arranged in this space.
- the filter 1630 structure has a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the hollow fiber body 1640, and is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the hollow fiber body 1640.
- the upper end 1631 of the filter structure 1630 is in contact with the lower surface of the first seal member 1650, and the lower end 1632 is in contact with the upper surface of the second seal member 1651.
- the filter structure 1630 is arranged eccentrically with respect to the hollow fiber body 1640. Therefore, a part of the inner peripheral surface of the filter structure 1630 in the circumferential direction is located apart from the outer peripheral surface 1641 of the hollow fiber body 1640, and the other part is in contact with the outer peripheral surface 1641.
- the space sandwiched between the filter structure 1630 and the housing body 1610 forms a bubble outflow space 1622 communicating with the bubble outflow port 1617.
- a bent portion 1633 is provided at a predetermined upper portion of a portion of the hollow fiber body 1640 separated from the outer peripheral surface 1641, and an inner surface of a portion connecting the bent portion 1633 and the upper end 1631 has an inclined surface 1634.
- the inclined surface 1634 and the outer peripheral surface 1641 of the hollow fiber body 1640 form a bubble guide portion 1690. That is, the inclined surface 1634 forms the facing wall according to the present invention, is positioned to face the outer peripheral surface 1641 of the hollow fiber body 1640, and is a space (air bubble storage portion) between the outer peripheral surface 1641 of the hollow fiber body 1640. 1691 is formed. Further, the separation dimension D7 between the inclined surface 1634 and the outer peripheral surface 1641 of the hollow fiber body 1640 is gradually reduced to zero as it goes vertically upward.
- the bubble is guided by the bubble guiding portion 1690 to the inclined surface 1634 of the filter structure 1630 or the hollow fiber body 1640.
- the bubble rises due to its own buoyancy.
- the space 1691 of the bubble guide portion 1690 gradually narrows as it goes upward, and thus the rising bubbles gradually approach the hollow fiber body 1640. Therefore, more bubbles can be absorbed by the hollow fiber body 1640, and excessive accumulation of bubbles in the housing 1602 can be suppressed.
- a space is formed by the inner side surface of the filter structure 1630 and the outer surface of the hollow fiber body 1640, and the space forms the bubble guiding portion 1690 or the bubble storing portion 1691. To do.
- FIG. 14 is a front sectional view of an oxygenator 1001H according to the eighth embodiment.
- the description will be focused on the parts different from the above-described artificial lung device 1001G.
- those that correspond at least in terms of function to the configuration of the artificial lung device 1001G are the third digit of the reference numerals used in the description of the artificial lung device 1001F ( (Except the subscript of the alphabet) is replaced with the code from 6 to 7.
- a hollow fiber membrane 1740 is formed by winding a hollow fiber membrane around a tubular core 1705, and further, the hollow fiber body 1740 is externally fitted.
- a cylindrical filter structure 1730 is provided.
- the inner diameter of the filter structure 1730 is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the hollow fiber body 1740. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber body 1740 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the filter structure 1730 over almost the entire area.
- the tubular core 1705 and the hollow fiber body 1740 constitute a gas guide portion 1790. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 14, a diameter-reduced portion 1766 having a diameter smaller than that of the other portions is formed on the outer surface of the center of the cylindrical core 1705 in the vertical direction. The reduced diameter portion 1766 is provided so as to circulate around the central portion of the tubular core 1705, and the blood flows downward between the reduced diameter portion 1766 and the hollow fiber body 1740 like the blood in the hollow fiber body 1740. Flowing toward.
- the upper portion of the reduced diameter portion 1766 forms a tapered surface 1768 having a tapered cross-section so that the diameter decreases as it goes downward, and the lower portion has a contour of the cross section that decreases as it goes upward. Forms a tapered surface 1767 that has a tapered shape.
- the reduced diameter portion 1766 is provided so as to circulate around the central portion of the tubular core 1705, but the present invention is not limited to such an aspect, and for example, a plurality of reduced diameter portions may be provided. It may be provided at intervals.
- the cross-sectional shape of the diameter-reduced portion 1766 is not limited to the shape shown in FIG.
- the reduced diameter portion 1766 does not need to be wound around the entire circumference of the tubular core 1705, and may be partially provided in the circumferential direction of the tubular core 1705.
- the bubble guide portion 1790A is configured by the taper surface 1767 below the reduced diameter portion 1766 and the hollow fiber body 1740 described above. That is, the lower taper surface 1767 forms an opposing wall according to the present invention, is positioned to face the inner surface 1741 of the hollow fiber body 1740, and has a space (air bubble) between the inner surface 1741 of the hollow fiber body 1740. Reservoir part) 1791A is formed. Further, the separation dimension D8 between the tapered surface 1767 and the inner surface 1741 of the hollow fiber body 1740 gradually decreases to zero as it goes to the downstream side (that is, the lower side) in the blood flow direction of the space 1791A. There is. In the artificial lung device 1001H, such a bubble guide portion 1790A is formed so as to circulate around the tubular core 1705.
- the bubble guide portion 1790B is also configured by the upper tapered surface 1768 of the reduced diameter portion 1766 and the hollow fiber body 1740. That is, the upper taper surface 1768 forms an opposing wall according to the present invention, is positioned so as to face the inner surface 1741 of the hollow fiber body 1740, and has a space (air bubble storage) between the inner surface 1741 of the hollow fiber body 1740. Part) 1791B is formed. Further, the separation dimension D9 between the tapered surface 1768 and the inner surface 1741 of the hollow fiber body 1740 is gradually reduced to zero as it goes vertically upward. In the artificial lung device 1001H, such a bubble guide portion 1790B is also formed so as to circulate the tubular core 1705.
- the bubbles that have not been absorbed even after passing through the hollow fiber body 1740 move vertically upward by the buoyancy in the bubble guide portion 1790B.
- the space 1791B of the bubble guide portion 1790B gradually narrows as it goes upward, and thus the rising bubbles are gradually pressed against the hollow fiber body 1740. Therefore, more bubbles can be absorbed by the hollow fiber body 1740, and excessive accumulation of bubbles in the housing 1702 can be suppressed.
- a space is formed by the inner wall of the housing 1702 and the inner surface of the hollow fiber body 1740, and the space forms the bubble guide portions 1790A and 1790B or the bubble storage portion 1791. To do.
- the distance between the surface of the gas exchanger and the facing wall increases vertically upward, or decreases toward the downstream side in the flow direction.
- the separation dimension between the surface of the gas exchanger and the facing wall may not reach zero. That is, there may be a gap between the surface of the gas exchanger and the opposing wall.
- the gap when a gap is provided between the surface of the gas exchanger and the opposing wall, the gap may form the bubble storage portion. That is, even if the blood passes through the gas exchanger, the bubbles in the blood are not completely absorbed in the hollow fiber membrane, and the bubbles may remain. In this case, if a gap (bubble storage part) is provided in the upper part of the housing, the bubbles not absorbed in the hollow fiber membrane are stored in this gap. When the stored air bubbles reach a certain amount, the gap faces the gas exchanger and is absorbed in the hollow fiber membrane. As a result, bubbles can be prevented from entering the patient's body.
- a space is formed by the inner side surfaces of the filter structures 1030A to 1030C and the outer surface of the hollow fiber body 1021, and the space is formed by the bubble guide portion or It constitutes a bubble reservoir.
- FIG. 15 is a front sectional view of an artificial lung device 1001J according to the first modification of the first embodiment.
- the artificial lung device 1001J according to the first modification is different from the artificial lung device 1001A according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the filter 1030, and the other configurations are the same. Therefore, in FIG. 15, the same configurations as those of the artificial lung device 1001A among the configurations of the artificial lung device 1001J are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the artificial lung device 1001A.
- the oxygenator 1001J includes a filter 1030A that removes foreign matter in blood, and the filter 1030A has a flow path through which blood that has passed through the hollow fiber body 1040 is directed to the blood outflow port 1017. It is provided so as to cross. More specifically, the filter 1030A has a frustoconical shape having a small-diameter open end and a large-diameter open end, and its axis is along the axis 1010a of the housing body 1010, and is larger than the large-diameter open end. The small-diameter open end is provided so as to be closer to the blood outflow port 1017 and surrounds the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040.
- a space 1091A is formed between the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040 and the inner peripheral surface 1031A of the filter 1030A forming the facing wall facing the hollow fiber body 1040.
- Blood passes through the filter 1030A while flowing through the space 1091A from the large-diameter open end side of the filter 1030A to the small-diameter open end side.
- the separation dimension between the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040 and the inner peripheral surface 1031A of the filter 1030A gradually decreases toward zero as it goes toward the downstream side in the blood flow direction in the space 1091A. ..
- the peripheral portion of the small-diameter open end of the filter 1030A is in contact with the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040, but it may be separated from the outer peripheral surface 1041.
- FIG. 16 is a front sectional view of an artificial lung device 1001K according to the second modification of the first embodiment.
- the artificial lung device 1001K according to the second modification is different from the artificial lung device 1001A according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the filter 1030, and the other configurations are the same. Therefore, in FIG. 16, the same configurations as those of the artificial lung device 1001A among the configurations of the artificial lung device 1001K are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the artificial lung device 1001A.
- the artificial lung device 1001K includes a filter 1030B that removes foreign substances in blood.
- the filter 1030B has a flow path through which blood that has passed through the hollow fiber body 1040 is directed to the blood outflow port 1017. It is provided so as to cross. Further, the filter 1030B is provided so that the filter 1030 of the oxygenator 1001A of the first embodiment is positioned slightly upwardly.
- the filter 1030B has a cylindrical shape, and its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the hollow fiber body 1040.
- the filter 1030B is eccentric downward with respect to the hollow fiber body 1040 which is also cylindrical, in other words, the axis of the filter 1030B is located below the axis of the hollow fiber body 1040.
- the inner peripheral surface 1031B of the filter 1030B is arranged apart from the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040.
- a space 1091B is formed between the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040 and the inner peripheral surface 1031B of the filter 1030B forming an opposing wall facing the hollow fiber body 1040.
- the space 1091B gradually decreases so as to become narrower from the lower portion to the upper portion along the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040.
- the size of the gap in the upper part of the space 1091B that is, the distance between the inner peripheral surface 1031B of the filter 1030B corresponding to the upper part of the filter 1030B and the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040 facing this is D10.
- the dimension of the gap in the lower portion of the space 1091B that is, the distance between the inner peripheral surface 1031B of the filter 1030B corresponding to the lower portion of the filter 1030B and the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040 facing this portion is D11. To do.
- D10 ⁇ D11, and as the dimension D10 for example, a range of more than 0 mm and 5 mm or less can be selected, preferably a range of more than 0 mm and 3 mm or less, and more preferably It can be selected within a range of 2 mm or more and 3 mm or less.
- the filter 1030B and the hollow fiber body 1040 are separated from each other over the entire circumference as described above, and the space 1091B does not finally reach zero vertically upward. Even with such a configuration, if the dimension D10 of the upper portion of the space 1091B is set within the above range, the bubbles can be brought into contact with the hollow fiber body 1040 and reabsorbed without any particular trouble.
- the above D10 can be set according to the size of the generated bubbles, and is not limited to the above range.
- FIG. 17 is a front sectional view of an artificial lung device 1001L according to Reference Example 1.
- the artificial lung device 1001L according to the first reference example is different from the artificial lung device 1001A according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the filter 1030, and the other configurations are the same. Therefore, in FIG. 17, the same configurations as those of the artificial lung device 1001A among the configurations of the artificial lung device 1001L are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the artificial lung device 1001A.
- the artificial lung device 1001L includes a filter 1030C that removes foreign matter in blood.
- the filter 1030C has a flow path through which blood that has passed through the hollow fiber body 1040 is directed to the blood outflow port 1017. It is provided so as to cross. More specifically, the filter 1030C has a cylindrical shape, and the inner diameter dimension thereof is larger than the outer diameter dimension of the hollow fiber body 1040.
- the filter 1030C is provided concentrically with the hollow fiber body 1040 having a cylindrical shape so as to surround the outside.
- a space 1091C is formed between the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040 and the inner peripheral surface 1031C of the filter 1030C forming the facing wall facing the hollow fiber body 1040.
- the space 1091C forms a gap having the same dimension D12 over the entire circumference along the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040.
- the dimension D12 can be selected, for example, in the range of 0 mm to 5 mm, preferably in the range of 0 mm to 3 mm, and more preferably in the range of 2 mm to 3 mm. Can be selected with.
- the space 1091C is not gradually reduced, but the separation dimension D12 between the inner peripheral surface 1031C of the filter 1030C and the outer peripheral surface 1041 of the hollow fiber body 1040 is within the above range. If it is set at, it is possible to bring bubbles in the space 1091C into contact with the hollow fiber bodies 1040 and reabsorb them.
- the dimension D12 of the gap formed by the space 1091C does not need to be completely the same over the entire circumference, and may be different for each part as long as it is within the above numerical range.
- the above D12 can be set according to the size of the generated bubbles, and is not limited to the above range.
- “gradually decreasing toward zero” means that bubbles can be brought close to the surface of the hollow fiber body (gas exchanger). If so, this is the case.
- the bubble guiding portion that exhibits the function of “gradually decreasing toward zero” may be configured not by the filter material, but by a plate member that is impermeable to blood and bubbles (liquid-tight and air-tight). This makes it possible to prevent bubbles from passing through the filter even if a high back pressure acts on the blood.
- an artificial lung device 2001 as shown in FIG. 18 is used to substitute the function of the patient's lungs.
- the artificial lung device 2001 has a gas exchange function of removing carbon dioxide contained in the blood of a patient and adding oxygen.
- the artificial lung device 2001 also has a heat exchange function to adjust the temperature of blood together with gas exchange.
- the artificial lung device 2001 having such a function is a so-called horizontal type artificial lung device, and includes a housing 2002, a heat exchanger 2003, a gas exchanger 2004, and a filter member 2005 as shown in FIG. I have it.
- the housing 2002 is formed in a generally hollow cylindrical shape, and has an internal space 2002a in which the two exchangers 2003 and 2004 are housed. More specifically, the housing 2002 mainly has a housing body 2011, a hanging portion 2013, and two cap portions 2014 and 2015.
- the housing body 2011 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and accommodates the above-described two exchangers 2003 and 2004 therein. Further, a hanging portion 2013 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the housing body 2011.
- the hanging portion 2013 is arranged in the central portion of the housing body 2011 in the axial direction, and extends from the outer peripheral surface of the housing body 2011 to the outside in the radial direction.
- the hanging portion 2013 is formed, for example, in a substantially columnar shape, and the tip end side portion thereof is attached to a hanging device (not shown) so as to be hung. That is, the housing body 2011 can be hung via the hanging portion 2013, and the hung housing body 2011 is configured such that its axis L1 extends in the horizontal direction. ..
- the hanging portion 2013 is arranged at the upper part of the outer peripheral surface thereof, and the open end portions located on both sides in the axial direction are closed by the two cap portions 2014 and 2015.
- the two cap portions 2014 and 2015 are formed in a substantially disc shape, the first cap portion 2014 closes one opening end of the housing body 2011, and the second cap portion 2015 opens the other opening of the housing body 2011. It blocks the end. That is, the first cap portion 2014 constitutes one end portion of the housing 2002, and the second cap portion 2015 constitutes the other end portion of the housing 2002.
- a blood inflow port 2016 is formed in the first cap portion 2014 near its central axis (that is, near the axis L1).
- the blood inflow port 2016 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and projects obliquely downward from the lower side of the central axis of the first cap portion 2014.
- a venous blood tube (not shown) is connected to the blood inflow port 2016 having such a shape, and venous blood is guided into the housing body 2011 via the venous blood tube and the blood inflow port 2016. ..
- a blood outflow port 2017 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the housing body 2011 at the lower portion (that is, on the opposite side of the hanging portion 2013).
- the blood outflow port 2017 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, protrudes downward, and is bent obliquely downward at the tip.
- An arterial blood tube (not shown) is connected to the blood outflow port 2017 having such a shape, and the arterial blood generated by the artificial lung device 2001 is discharged to the arterial blood tube.
- the first cap portion 2014 is formed with a gas suction port 2018 as shown in FIG.
- the gas suction port 2018 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and projects in the axial direction from the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the first cap portion 2014.
- the gas intake port 2018 having such a shape is open to the atmosphere and takes in a gas containing oxygen (that is, air) from the atmosphere into the housing 2002.
- a gas exhaust port 2019 is formed in the second cap portion 2015 as shown in FIG.
- the gas exhaust port 2019 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and projects in the axial direction from the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the second cap portion 2015.
- the gas exhaust port 2019 having such a shape exhausts gas from the gas intake port 2018 into the housing 2 to the atmosphere.
- a gas concentration measuring device may be connected to the gas discharge port 2019 via a tube or the like so as to measure the carbon dioxide concentration of the discharged gas.
- two ports 2020 and 2021 are formed on the second cap portion 2015.
- the two ports 2020 and 2021 are provided in the second cap portion 2015 near the central axis (that is, the axis L1) of the second cap portion 2015 and vertically separated with the central axis interposed therebetween.
- the two ports 2020 and 2021 do not necessarily have to be separated vertically, and may be separated left and right (front side and rear side of the paper surface), or may be obliquely separated.
- the two ports 2020 and 2021 are formed in a substantially cylindrical shape and project from the second cap portion 2015 in the axial direction, but they may project in the axial crossing direction.
- the medium inflow port 2021 which is one of the two ports 2020 and 2021 is connected to a medium supply tube (not shown) and can guide a medium such as hot water or cold water into the housing 2002.
- the medium outflow port 2020 which is the other port 2021, is connected to the medium outflow tube, and the medium in the housing 2002 is exhausted to the outside of the housing 2 via the medium outflow tube.
- a heat exchanger 2003 is provided in the housing 2002 in which the plurality of ports 2016 to 2021 are formed as described above so as to adjust the temperature of venous blood introduced therein.
- the heat exchanger 2003 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and has a tubular core 2031, a tube group 2032, a casing portion 2033, and a medium inflow/outflow portion 2034.
- the cylindrical core 2031 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and protrudes from the inner side surface of the first cap portion 2014 toward the second cap portion 2015 along the axis L1.
- a tube group 2032 is inserted and arranged in the cylindrical core 2031.
- the tube group 2032 is formed in a substantially columnar shape, and has a pair of tube supports 2032a and 2032a and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 2032b.
- Both of the pair of tube supports 2032a and 2032a are formed in a substantially disc shape, and the outer diameter thereof is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the tubular core 2031.
- the pair of tube supports 2032a, 2032a formed in this manner are inserted into the open ends on both sides of the tubular core 2031 in a sealed state.
- a plurality of through holes penetrating in the direction along the axis L1 are radially arranged around the axis L1 in the pair of tube supports 2032a and 2032a.
- Each of the through holes is associated with one formed on the one tube support body 2032a and one formed on the other tube support body 2032a, and the heat transfer tubes 2032b are respectively inserted into the corresponding through holes. There is.
- the heat transfer tube 2032b is a long and minute cylindrical tube made of a material having high thermal conductivity such as stainless steel, and blood can be flown therein. Further, the heat transfer tube 2032b has its both ends inserted into the corresponding through holes of the pair of tube supports 2032a, 2032a, respectively, and thereby is bridged over the pair of tube supports 2032a, 2032a. Further, the two corresponding through holes are opposed to each other in the axial direction, and the heat transfer tubes 2032b inserted therein are arranged so as to extend in the axial direction.
- the plurality of heat transfer tubes 2032b extend in the axial direction and are arranged, for example, radially, and the tube group 2032 is formed in a substantially columnar shape.
- the tube group 2032 having such a shape is housed in the tubular core 2031 in a state where the opening ends on both sides of the tubular core 2031 are sealed by the pair of tube supports 2032a and 2032a.
- tubular core 2031 is provided on the inner side surface of the first cap portion 2014 and around the central axis of the first cap portion 2014 such that their axes are substantially coincident with each other. Further, the portion around the center of the first cap portion 2014 constitutes a bulging portion 2014a bulging outward in the axial direction with respect to the remaining portion.
- the bulging portion 2014a is formed so as to correspond to the open end of the cylindrical core 2031 and the blood inflow port 2016 is formed therein.
- a blood inflow space 2014b is formed in the bulged portion 2014a formed in this way, and blood introduced into the blood inflow port 2016 flows into the blood inflow space 2014b. ..
- the tube group 2032 housed in the tubular core 2031 faces the blood inflow space 2014b, and the blood in the blood inflow space 2014b passes through the plurality of heat transfer tubes 2032b and is on the other end side of the tube group 2032. Be led to.
- the blood inflow space 2014b is separated from the inside of the tubular core 2031 by the one tube support body 2032a, and the blood of the blood inflow space 2014b is in the space inside the tubular core 2031 around the tube group 2032. It is not guided.
- a medium is introduced into the tubular core 2031 instead of blood, and the temperature of blood flowing through the plurality of heat transfer tubes 2032b can be adjusted by the medium.
- the first cap portion 2014 is provided with a casing portion 2033 for guiding the medium into the tubular core 2031.
- the casing 2033 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and its inner diameter is formed larger than the outer diameter of the tubular core 2031.
- the casing portion 2033 having such a shape is provided on the inner surface of the first cap portion 2014 such that the axis thereof coincides with the axis L1 of the housing body 11, and the inner surface of the first cap portion 2014 extends from the second cap portion 2014. It extends toward 2015 along the axis L1.
- the casing 2033 having such a shape is formed to have substantially the same length as the tubular core 2031 in the axial direction. Further, a flange 2031d protruding outward in the radial direction is formed at an open end portion which is an end portion of the cylindrical core 2031 on the second cap portion 2015 side.
- the flange 2031d is formed over the entire circumference of the tubular core 2031 in the circumferential direction, and its outer peripheral edge extends to the open end portion of the casing 2033. Further, the casing portion 2033 is formed to have a diameter larger than that of the tubular core 2031 as described above, and they are arranged to be separated from each other in the radial direction. As a result, a closed, generally annular inner annular space 2037 is formed between them. A pair of partition walls (not shown) are arranged in the inner annular space 2037 thus formed.
- a pair of partition walls are arranged at equal intervals in the inner annular space 2037, that is, 180 degrees apart in the circumferential direction.
- the pair of partition walls are provided in the inner annular space 2037 so as to extend from the outer peripheral surface of the tubular core 2031 to the inner peripheral surface of the casing 2033, and divide the inner annular space 2037 into two passages 2037a and 2037b. That is, two passages 2037a and 2037b (that is, a medium inflow passage 2037a and a medium outflow passage 2037b) separated from each other by a pair of partition walls are formed between the cylindrical core 2031 and the casing portion 2033. Further, in order to connect the two passages 2037a and 2037b with the inner space 2031a of the tubular core 2031, a pair of communicating portions 2031b and 2031b are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tubular core 2031.
- Each of the pair of communication portions 2031b, 2031b is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical core 2031 so as to correspond to the medium inflow passage 2037a and the medium outflow passage 2037b.
- the pair of communication portions 2031b and 2031b are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the tubular core 2031 so as to be equidistant from each other in the circumferential direction like the pair of partition walls, that is, 180 degrees apart from each other. It faces the medium inflow passage 2037a and the medium outflow passage 2037b.
- the communication portion 2031b thus arranged has a plurality of communication holes 2031c.
- the plurality of communication holes 2031c are formed so as to penetrate through the tubular core 2031 in the radial direction, and the medium inflow passage 2037a and the medium outflow passage 2037b are provided in the inner space 2031a of the tubular core 2031 via the plurality of communication holes 2031c. It is designed to communicate with. That is, the medium inflow passage 2037a and the medium outflow passage 2037b are connected via the pair of communicating portions 2031b, 2031b and the inner space 2031a. Further, the second cap portion 2015 is provided with a medium inflow/outflow portion 2034 for supplying the medium to the medium inflow passage 2037a and flowing out the medium from the medium outflow passage 2037b.
- the medium inflow/outflow portion 2034 is provided in the second cap portion 2015 so as to protrude from the inner surface of the second cap portion 2015 toward the tubular core 2031. More specifically, the medium inflow/outflow portion 2034 is arranged around the central axis of the second cap portion 2015, and is formed in a substantially dome shape. That is, a dome inner space 2039 is formed in the medium inflow/outflow portion 2034, and the dome inner space 2039 communicates with the medium inflow port 2020 and the medium outflow port 2021 formed in the second cap portion 2015. ..
- a partition plate 2034a is arranged in the dome internal space 2039 of the medium inflow/outflow portion 2034.
- the partition plate 2034a is formed in a substantially plate shape, and is arranged in the dome inner space 2039 so as to separate the dome inner space 2039 into two spaces, a medium inflow space 2039a and a medium outflow space 2039b.
- the partition plate 2034a is arranged in the dome inner space 2039, and partitions the spaces 2039a and 2039b so that the medium inflow space 2039a is connected to the medium inflow port 2020 and the medium outflow space 2039b is connected to the medium outflow port 2021.
- the medium inflow/outflow portion 2034 is provided with a pair of installation portions 2040 so as to bridge the flange 2031d.
- the pair of erected portions 2040 are arranged, for example, at positions shifted by 180 degrees from each other, and an inflow side passage 2040a and an outflow side passage (not shown) are formed in each.
- the inflow side passage 2040a connects the medium inflow space 2039a and the medium inflow passage 2037a
- the outflow side passage connects the medium outflow passage 2037b and the medium outflow space 2039b.
- the medium is supplied to the medium inflow port 2020 via the medium supply tube.
- the supplied medium is guided to the medium inflow passage 2037a via the medium inflow space 2039a and the inflow side passage 2040a, and further to the inner space 2031a of the cylindrical core 2031 via the one communication portion 2031b.
- the plurality of heat transfer tubes 2032b are arranged in the inner space 2031a, and the medium flows between them and flows toward the other communication portion 2031b.
- the medium exchanges heat with the blood flowing through the heat transfer tube 2032b (specifically, heat is applied to the blood in the case of hot water, and heat is removed from the blood in the case of cold water).
- the temperature of the blood flowing through the heat transfer tube 2032b is adjusted to the predetermined temperature.
- the medium that has undergone heat exchange flows out from the inner space 2031a to the medium outflow passage 2037b via the communication portion 2031b, and is further guided to the medium outflow port 2021 via the outflow side passage and the medium outflow space 2039b.
- the medium is discharged to the outside of the housing 2002 through the medium discharge tube, specifically, is returned to the medium supply device, is subjected to temperature adjustment again, and is then returned to the medium inflow port 2020 through the medium supply tube. ..
- the medium circulates between the inner space 2031a and the medium supply device, and the blood flowing in the heat transfer tube 2032b, that is, the tube group 2032 is exchanged with this medium. Heat exchange takes place. Thereby, the temperature of blood is adjusted. In this way, the blood is guided to the other end through the tube group 2032 while the temperature is being adjusted.
- the other end of the tube group 2032 is axially separated from the medium inflow/outflow part 2034, and the pair of erected parts 2040 are arranged circumferentially separated from each other.
- a pair of radial passages 2041 extending radially outward (upward and downward in the present embodiment) from the center is formed between the tube group 2032 and the medium inflow/outflow portion 2034. Blood flows out from the other end of the tube group 2032 to the outside of the casing 2033 in the radial direction through the pair of radial passages 2041.
- the outer diameter of the casing portion 2033 is smaller than the inner diameter of the housing body 2011, and a substantially annular outer annular space 2042 is formed between the casing portion 2033 and the housing body 2011.
- An annular passage 2043 is formed as a part of the outer annular space 2042, and the blood flowing out from the radial passage 2041 is guided to the annular passage 2043.
- a gas exchanger 2004 is housed in the outer annular space 2042
- the gas exchanger 2004 has a function of removing carbon dioxide contained in blood and adding oxygen. More specifically, the gas exchanger 2004 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and is composed of two seal members 2045, 2046 and a hollow fiber body 2047. The two seal members 2045 and 2046 are both formed in a substantially annular shape, and are arranged in the outer annular space 2042 so as to be separated from each other in the axial direction. That is, the first sealing member 2045 seals the casing portion 2033 and the housing body 2011 on the first cap portion 2014 side of the outer annular space 2042 over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction.
- first seal member 2045 is arranged apart from the inner surface of the first cap portion 2014 toward the second cap portion 2015 side, and forms a gas inflow space 2048 between the first seal member 2045 and the first cap portion 2014. ..
- second seal member 2046 seals between the casing portion 2033 and the housing body 2011 on the second cap portion 2015 side of the outer annular space 2042 over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction.
- the second sealing member 2046 is arranged so as to be separated from the inner surface of the second cap portion 2015 toward the first cap portion 2014 side, and forms a gas outflow space 2049 between the second sealing member 2046 and the second cap portion 2015. ..
- the two seal members 2045, 2046 are arranged axially separated from each other, and are separated from the two spaces 2048, 2049 in the outer annular space 2042 between the two seal members 2045, 2046.
- the annular passage 2043 described above is formed.
- a hollow fiber body 2047 is provided in the annular passage 2043 formed in this way.
- the hollow fiber body 2047 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and is composed of a plurality of hollow fibers. More specifically, the hollow fiber body 2047 is configured by winding a mat-shaped hollow fiber membrane (bundle) formed by stacking a plurality of hollow fibers so as to cross each other around the outer peripheral surface of the casing 2033. There is. The hollow fiber membrane is wound until the thickness of the hollow fiber body 2047 substantially matches the space between the casing portion 2033 and the housing body 2011. That is, the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber body 2047 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the housing body 2011 over the entire circumference, and is formed along the inner peripheral surface of the housing body 2011.
- one end side portion thereof penetrates the first seal member 2045, and the other end side portion thereof penetrates the second seal member 2046. That is, the two spaces 2048 and 2049 communicate with each other through the inner holes of the plurality of hollow fibers forming the hollow fiber body 2047.
- a gap is formed between each of the plurality of hollow fibers constituting the hollow fiber body 2047, and blood flows through this gap. That is, the blood guided to the annular passage 2043 flows through the gap in the hollow fiber body 2047 to one side in the axial direction (that is, from the second cap portion 2015 to the first cap portion 2014). Moreover, the blood can be brought into contact with the hollow fibers by flowing the blood into the gap.
- the inner hole of the hollow fiber is connected to the two spaces 2048 and 2049 as described above.
- a gas inlet port 2018 formed corresponding to the gas inlet space 2048 is connected to the gas inlet space 2048, and gas is guided through the gas inlet port 2018.
- the introduced gas flows out into the gas outflow space 2049 through the plurality of hollow fibers. Further, the gas outflow space 2049 is connected to a gas exhaust port 2019 formed corresponding to the gas outflow space 2049, and the gas flowing out from the hollow fiber is released to the atmosphere via the gas exhaust port 2019.
- the gas taken in from the gas intake port 2018 contains a large amount of oxygen. Therefore, when blood having a high concentration of carbon dioxide is brought into contact with the hollow fiber, gas exchange is performed between the blood and the hollow fiber. That is, carbon dioxide is removed from blood and oxygen is added. As a result, the concentration of carbon dioxide in blood decreases and the concentration of oxygen increases. As described above, the blood flows in the annular passage 2043 in one axial direction while undergoing gas exchange by the gas exchanger 2004. Further, the downstream side of the annular passage 2043, more specifically, the axially one side portion of the outer annular space 2042 (that is, the portion on the first cap portion 2014 side) is expanded radially outward as compared with the remaining portion. There is.
- a recess 2050 that is recessed radially outward is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the housing body 2011.
- the recess 2050 is formed over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction so as to approach the first cap portion 2014 on the inner circumferential surface.
- the portion of the recess 2050 on the other axial side is tapered toward the other axial direction, and is formed in a tapered shape.
- the recess 2050 is formed parallel to the axis L1 from the axially intermediate portion to the portion on one side, and the first seal member 2045 is disposed in the central portion.
- the recess 2050 thus configured forms a substantially annular outer peripheral space 2052 between the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber body 2047 and the inner peripheral surface of the housing body 2011, and blood flowing through the annular passage 2043 is in the outer peripheral space. You are led to 2052. Further, the hollow fiber body 2047 is not interposed in the outer peripheral space 2052, and a filter member 2005 is arranged to remove foreign matter contained in blood.
- the filter member 2005 is formed in a substantially truncated cone shape and has a filter 2054.
- the filter 2054 is permeable to blood, but is configured to remove foreign substances contained in blood (eg, blood clots). That is, the filter member 2005 is adapted to remove foreign matter from the blood passing through it.
- the filter member 2005 thus configured is arranged in the outer peripheral space 2052 as described above, and the outer peripheral space 2052 is divided into two regions of the bubble storage space 2055 and the discharge passage 2056 by being arranged. .. That is, the outer peripheral space 2052 is a bubble storage space 2055, which is the upstream region of the filter member 2005 and faces the hollow fiber body 2047, and a downstream region thereof (that is, a region on the outer side in the radial direction of the bubble storage space 2055). It is divided into a discharge passage 2056. Therefore, the blood introduced from the annular passage 2043 to the outer peripheral space 2052 first enters the bubble storage space 2055 and then passes through the filter member 2005 to the discharge passage 2056.
- Such flowing blood may carry bubbles when being guided from the blood inflow port 2016 to the housing 2002.
- the bubbles ride on the flow of blood and pass through the heat transfer tube 2032b and the radial passage 2041 to form an annular passage. It is brought to 2043.
- air bubbles are basically taken in by the hollow fiber bodies 2047, but not all of them can be taken in. Therefore, the bubbles that cannot be taken in are carried to the bubble storage space 2055 by the blood.
- blood proceeds from the bubble storage space 2055 through the filter member 2005 to the discharge passage 2056, but most of the carried bubbles cannot pass through the filter member 2005 because the filter member 2005 has a small opening. Be blocked by.
- the bubbles are stopped in front of the filter member 2005 and float along the filter member 2005.
- the air bubbles that have floated up gather around the highest part of the bubble storage space 2055, that is, around the top portion 2059a and collect. In this way, the bubbles are captured in the bubble storage space 2055.
- Such bubbles are collected around the top 2059a, which is the highest portion of the recess 2050.
- a first air bleed port 2057 and a second air bleed port 2058 are formed in the upper part of the housing body 2011 to discharge the air bubbles collected in this way.
- the first air bleeding port 2057 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the inner hole of the first air bleeding port 2057 opens near the top 2059a.
- a tube (not shown) is connected to the first air bleeding port 2057, and the tube is provided with a pinch or a cock that can be opened and closed in the middle of the tube. By removing this pinch or opening the cock, almost all of the air bubbles accumulated around the top portion 2059a can be discharged from the first air bleeding port 2057.
- the second air bleed port 2058 has a substantially cylindrical shape like the first air bleed port 2057, and the inner hole of the second air bleed port 2058 is open near the top 2050b.
- a tube (not shown) is connected to the second air bleeding port 2058, and the tube is provided with a pinch or a cock that can be opened and closed in the middle of the tube. By removing this pinch or opening the cock, almost all the air bubbles accumulated around the top portion 2050b can be discharged from the second air bleed port 2058. The blood thus separated from the bubbles flows downward along the discharge passage 2056.
- the housing body 2011 is provided with a blood outflow port 2017 at the lower portion of the outer peripheral surface thereof and at a position corresponding to the discharge passage 2056. Thereby, the blood flowing downward along the discharge passage 2056 is discharged to the blood discharge tube via the blood outflow port 2017.
- the configuration of the blood outflow port 2017 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.
- the blood outflow port 2017 is provided at the lower portion of the outer peripheral surface of the housing body 2011, and the port attachment portion 2022 is integrally provided at the lower portion of the outer peripheral surface of the housing body 2011 to provide the blood outflow port 2017. It is provided.
- the port mounting portion 2022 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and projects downward from the housing body 2011.
- the port attachment portion 2022 does not necessarily need to extend vertically downward, and may extend downward and may be inclined in any of front, rear, left, and right directions.
- both the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the port mounting portion 2022 are such that the distal end side portion 2022c has a diameter larger than that of the proximal end side portion 2022b, and it is between the proximal end side portion 2022b and the distal end side portion 2022c.
- a tapered portion 2022d is formed. The diameter of the tapered portion 2022d increases as it goes from the base end side portion 2022b side to the tip end side portion 2022c side, and the base end side portion 2022b and the tip end side portion 2022c are smoothed by the taper portion 2022d on both the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface. Connected to.
- the blood outflow port 2017 is inserted into the port attachment portion 2022 formed in this way.
- the blood outflow port 2017 has a substantially cylindrical shape and is formed to be bent, and is bent at a bent portion 2017b which is an intermediate portion thereof. That is, in the blood outflow port 2017, the lower portion 2017c, which is a portion on the distal side of the bent portion 2017b (that is, the distal end side portion), is the upper portion, which is a portion on the proximal side of the bent portion 2017b (that is, the proximal end portion).
- An angle ⁇ is formed with respect to the portion 2017d.
- the angle ⁇ is, for example, 30 degrees or more and 120 degrees or less, and is 60 degrees in the present embodiment.
- the angle ⁇ is set to 30 degrees or less in order to prevent the tube from being bent when the artificial lung device 2001 is placed on the floor or placed close to it, and is at the tip of the blood outflow port 2017.
- the angle ⁇ is set to 120 degrees or less to prevent the outflow port 2017a from coming too close to the housing body 2011 and the tube cannot be attached.
- the upper portion 2017d is inserted into the port mounting portion 2022 and is configured to be rotatable around the axis L2 of the upper portion 2017d. That is, the blood outflow port 2017 is rotatably attached to the port attachment portion 2022, and by rotating the blood outflow port 2017, the outlet 2017a of the blood outflow port 2017 can be oriented in various directions. Further, the inner hole 2022a of the port mounting portion 2022 communicates with the outer peripheral space 2052 (more specifically, the discharge passage 2056) via the communication passage 2011a formed in the housing body 2011. Therefore, the blood flowing downward along the discharge passage 2056 passes through the communication passage 2011a into the blood outflow port 2017, and is further discharged from the outlet 2017a to the arterial blood tube.
- the blood outflow port 2017 configured as described above is inserted and attached to the port attachment portion 2022 so as to be rotatable, that is, is configured separately from the housing body 2011. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures against the leakage of blood between the blood outflow port 2017 and the port mounting portion 2022, and the blood outflow port 2017 coming off the port mounting portion 2022.
- the blood outflow port 2017 is configured as follows in order to take these measures.
- the blood outflow port 2017 has a seal attachment portion 2061 near the upper end of the upper portion 2017d so that blood does not leak out.
- the seal attachment portion 2061 is formed over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction of the upper end portion 2017e, and projects outward in the radial direction from the remaining portion.
- Two seal grooves 2061a and 2061b are formed in the seal mounting portion 2061 having such a shape.
- the two seal grooves 2061a and 2061b are separated from each other in the direction along the axis L2, that is, in the vertical direction in this embodiment, and extend over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction at the seal mounting portion 2061.
- the two seal grooves 2061a and 2061b are formed in an annular shape, and the seal members 2062 and 2063 are housed in each.
- the seal members 2062 and 2063 are O-rings, for example, and are housed in the seal grooves 2061a and 2061b in a compressed state.
- the seal members 2062 and 2063 are interposed between the outer peripheral surface of the blood outflow port 2017 and the inner peripheral surface of the port mounting portion 2022, and the seal members 2062 and 2063 seal between them.
- the two seal grooves 2061a and 2061b have different radial lengths, that is, depths. Specifically, the first seal groove 2061a located on the upper side (that is, the base end side) is formed deeper than the second seal groove 2061b located on the lower side (that is, the tip end side). On the other hand, the two seal members 2062 and 2063 having substantially the same size are used. Therefore, when the blood outflow port 2017 is attached to the port attachment portion 2022, the second seal member fitted in the second seal groove 2061b is different from the first seal member 2062 fitted in the first seal groove 2061a. 2063 has a larger crushing rate.
- the second seal member 2063 can achieve higher hermeticity than the first seal member 2062, and such a second seal member 2063 can be arranged on the opening side of the port attachment portion 2022. Accordingly, even if blood leaks from the space between the first seal member 2062 and the port mounting portion 2022 to the opening side of the port mounting portion 2022, the second sealing member 2063 can prevent the blood from leaking to the opening side. it can. Further, since the crushing rate of only one of the two seal members 2062 and 2063 is increased, it is possible to suppress an increase in sliding resistance due to the seal member when the blood outflow port is rotated.
- the crushing rates of the two seal members 2062 and 2063 are different depending on the depths of the two seal grooves 2061a and 2061b, but such a configuration is not necessarily required.
- the two seal members 2062 and 2063 may have different sizes and different crushing rates, or the two seal members 2062 and 2063 may have different shapes and different crushing rates.
- the crushing rates may be the same.
- the blood outflow port 2017 has two flanges 2064 and 2065 formed in the remaining portion other than the seal attachment portion 2061 so as not to come off from the port attachment portion 2022.
- the two flanges 2064 and 2065 are both formed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion 2017d over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction, and project outward in the radial direction from the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion 2017d.
- the two flanges 2064 and 2065 are vertically separated from each other, and the first flange 2064, which is the upper one of the two flanges 2064 and 2065, is located slightly below the seal mounting portion 2061. Is formed in.
- first flange 2064 is arranged so as to be located below the tapered portion 2022d of the port attachment portion 2022 when the blood outflow port 2017 is attached to the port attachment portion 2022. Further, an engagement portion 2023 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the port attachment portion 2022 at a position corresponding to the first flange 2064.
- the engagement portion 2023 engages the first flange 2064 to prevent the blood outflow port 2017 from coming off the port attachment portion 2022.
- the engagement portion 2023 is configured by a pair of engagement pieces 2022e and 2022e. Has been done.
- the pair of engagement pieces 2022e, 2022e are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, that is, about 180 degrees apart from each other, and extend in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the port attachment portion 2022. Further, the pair of engagement pieces 2022e, 2022e are formed in a taper shape so as to protrude radially inward from the inner peripheral surface of the port attachment portion 2022 and to have a protruding amount increasing from the lower side to the upper side. ..
- the inner peripheral surface of the port mounting portion 2022 is reduced in diameter from the lower side to the upper side in the portion where the pair of engaging pieces 2022e, 2022e are engaged. Therefore, when the blood outflow port 2017 is inserted from the opening of the port attaching portion 2022 to attach the blood outflow port 2017 to the port attaching portion 2022, the first flange 2064 eventually causes the inner surface of the pair of engaging pieces 2022e, 2022e, that is, the tapered surface. It will hit 2022f, 2022f. Further, when the blood outflow port 2017 is pushed upward to be attached to the port attachment portion 2022, the first flange 2064 slides on the tapered surface 2022f while pushing the pair of engaging pieces 2022e, 2022e outward.
- the blood outflow port 2017 can be further inserted to the proximal end side of the port attachment portion 2022.
- the outer peripheral edge on the upper side of the first flange 2064 is largely chamfered so that the first flange 2064 can easily slide on the tapered surface 2022f. By doing so, the first flange 2064 can be bent downward and slid on the tapered surface 2022f, and the blood outflow port 2017 can be pushed toward the proximal end side of the port attachment portion 2022.
- the entire first flange 2064 eventually reaches the base end side from the upper surface of the pair of engaging pieces 2022e, 2022e, that is, the entire first flange 2064 gets over the pair of engaging pieces 2022e, 2022e. Then, the first flange 2064 elastically recovers and expands, and the first flange 2064 is mounted on the upper surfaces of the pair of engagement pieces 2022e, 2022e and engaged. By engaging the first flange 2064 with the pair of engagement pieces 2022e, 2022e in this manner, the first flange 2064 is supported by the pair of engagement pieces 2022e, 2022e, and is provided below the blood outflow port 2017.
- the blood outflow port 2017 receives a downward load from the blood guided through the discharge passage 2056, and is constantly pushed downward during use. Since the first flange 2064 is supported by the pair of engagement pieces 2022e and 2022e as described above, it is possible to prevent the blood outflow port 2017 from coming off from the port attachment portion 2022 during use.
- a pair of windows 2066 and 2066 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the port mounting portion 2022 thus configured, more specifically, on the inner peripheral surface of the front end side portion 2022c.
- the pair of windows 2066 and 2066 are formed by penetrating the tip side portion 2022c in the radial direction, and are arranged so as to correspond to the pair of engagement pieces 2022e and 2022e, respectively. That is, the lower edges of the pair of windows 2066 and 2066 are substantially flush with the upper surfaces of the pair of engaging pieces 2022e and 2022e, and the height thereof is substantially the same as the height of the first flange 2064. Further, the pair of windows 2066 and 2066 extend in the circumferential direction, and the positions of both end edges in the circumferential direction substantially coincide with the positions of both end edges of the corresponding engaging pieces 2022e, 2022e.
- the pair of windows 2066 and 2066 thus formed can promote deformation around the pair of engagement pieces 2022e and 2022e in the port attachment portion 2022. Accordingly, when the blood outflow port 2017 is pushed into the port attachment portion 2022, the first flange 2064 of the blood outflow port 2017 can push the pair of engagement pieces 2022e, 2022e to some extent and spread the blood outflow port 2017. It becomes easy to push 2017 into the port mounting portion 2022. Further, since the first flange 2064 supported by the pair of engagement pieces 2022e and 2022e can be seen from the outside through the pair of windows 2066 and 2066, the engagement state of the first flange 2064 can be visually recognized from the outside.
- the blood outflow port 2017 engaged in this way has a structure in which the first flange 2064 is placed on the pair of engaging pieces 2022e, 2022e to engage with each other. The movement may cause the first flange 2064 to disengage from one of the pair of engagement pieces 2022e, 2022e. In order to prevent such a situation, a second flange 2065 is formed on the upper portion 2017d in addition to the first flange 2064.
- the second flange 2065 is formed in the vicinity of the bent portion 2017b of the upper portion 2017d, and is inserted into the port attachment portion 2022 in a state in which the first flange 2064 is engaged with the pair of engagement pieces 2022e, 2022e. ..
- the outer diameter of the second flange 2065 is substantially the same as or slightly smaller than the inner peripheral surface of the tip side portion 2022c of the port mounting portion 2022. Therefore, when the blood outflow port 2017 tries to swing forward, backward, leftward, and rightward with respect to the port mounting portion 2022, the second flange 2065 abuts the inner peripheral surface of the port mounting portion 2022, and the swinging of the blood outflow port 2017 is restricted.
- the blood outflow port 2017 can be prevented from swinging forward, backward, leftward, and rightward with respect to the port mounting portion 2022 and the first flange 2064 from being disengaged from one of the pair of engaging pieces 2022e, 2022e.
- the inner hole 2022a of the port mounting portion 2022 is formed to have a diameter larger than that of the communication passage 2011a, so that a substantially circular annular surface 2011b is formed around the communication passage 2011a.
- the inner diameter of the blood outflow port 2017 is substantially the same as that of the communication passage 2011a. Therefore, the blood outflow port 2017 is attached to the port attachment portion 2022 so that its upper end faces the annular surface 2011b, and the upward movement is restricted by the annular surface 2011b. In this way, the blood outflow port 2017 is rotatably attached to the port attaching portion 2022 while its movement in the up, down, left, right, and back directions is restricted. Further, the blood outflow port 2017 is integrally provided with a grip portion 2067 on the bent portion 2017b to rotate the blood outflow port 2017 around the axis L2.
- the grip portion 2067 is configured so that the user can grip it with a finger or the like.
- the gripping portion 2067 configured in this manner is integrally provided on the outer side portion of the outer peripheral surface of the bent portion 2017b (the portion on the side where the radius of curvature is large in FIG. 20) and outside the outer peripheral surface of the bent portion 2017b. It projects obliquely downward (diagonally right downward in FIG. 20) so as to be separated from it at a portion. Further, the grip portion 2067 has not only the bent portion 2017b but also both end portions thereof extending to the lower portion 2017c and the upper portion 2017d, respectively, and is formed in a substantially fan shape.
- the grip portion 2067 is formed in a plate shape, and as described above, the user can grip it with a finger or the like. Further, the blood outflow port 2017 can be rotated about the axis L2 by gripping the grip 2067 and rotating the grip about the axis L2.
- the grip portion 2067 configured in this manner plays a role of a rib by being formed so as to protrude from the bent portion 2017b, and improves the rigidity of the blood outflow port 2017. Further, since the grip portion 2067 projects downward and extends to the same height level as the lower end of the outlet 2017a of the blood outflow port 2017, the grip portion 2067 is dropped when the artificial lung apparatus 2001 falls from the hanging device or the like. Can be landed from.
- the grip portion 2067 is a plate-shaped member that extends obliquely downward and has a large rigidity with respect to the load when landing. Therefore, the grip portion 2067 is less likely to be damaged even if the grip portion 2067 is landed when dropped.
- the landing when landing from the grip 2067 when dropped, the landing starts from the lowermost position of the grip 2067, and the impact acts upward on the grip 2067. That is, the impact upon dropping acts on the blood outflow port 2017 in the direction along the axis L2.
- the upper portion 2017d is formed along the axis L2, and thus has high rigidity with respect to the load acting in the direction along the axis L2. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the blood outflow port 2017 from being damaged by landing from the grip portion 2067 at the time of dropping.
- the venous blood taken out from the vein flows into the blood inflow space 2014b in the housing 2002 through the blood inflow port 2016.
- the blood in the blood inflow space 2014b flows into the heat transfer tubes 2032b of the tube group 2032, passes through the heat transfer tubes 2032b, and advances to the pair of radial passages 2041.
- the blood exchanges heat with the medium in the inner space 2031a, and the temperature of the blood is adjusted.
- the temperature-controlled blood travels through the pair of radial passages 2041 to the annular passage 2043, and passes through the gap in the hollow fiber body 2047 arranged in the annular passage 2043 toward the discharge passage 2056 located on one side in the axial direction. Go further to.
- a gas containing a large amount of oxygen is flowed in each hollow fiber of the hollow fiber body 2047, and carbon dioxide is removed from blood by touching the hollow fiber of the hollow fiber body 2047 when blood passes through the gap and Oxygen is added to.
- the oxygen concentration of blood can be increased.
- the blood flows from the bubble storage space 2055 through the filter member 2005 to the discharge passage 2056.
- the blood thus flowing may also carry foreign substances such as aggregates, and by passing the blood through the filter member 2005, such foreign substances are captured before entering the discharge passage 2056.
- the blood in which the foreign matter is captured advances downward along the discharge passage 2056, is discharged from the blood outflow port 2017 to the blood discharge tube, and is returned to the artery via the blood discharge tube.
- the blood outflow port 2017 is rotatably attached to the port attachment portion 2022. Therefore, by rotating the blood outflow port 2017, the direction of the blood outflow port 2017 (that is, the direction of the outflow port 2017a) can be changed regardless of the directions of the housing body 2011 and the blood inflow port 2016. For example, as shown in FIG. 21, the outlet 2017a can be directed to the side opposite to the blood inflow port 2016 (that is, the right side). Further, by rotating the blood outflow port 2017, the outflow port 17a may be directed to the front side of the drawing with respect to the blood inflow port 2016 arranged leftward as shown in FIG. As shown in (a), the outlet 2017a can be directed to the back side of the paper.
- the orientation of the outlet 2017a can be changed in this way by 360 degrees, the degree of freedom in the arrangement position and orientation of the artificial lung device 2001, or the arrangement position and orientation of the device to which the artificial lung device 2001 is attached is improved. That is, it is possible to facilitate the handling of the tube connecting the blood inflow port 2016 and the blood outflow port 2017 to the device.
- the pressure of blood flowing through each of the blood outflow ports 2017 is generally lower than that of the blood inflow port 2016. Therefore, by making the blood outflow port 2017 rotatable, it is possible to more reliably prevent blood leakage than when the blood inflow port 2016 is made rotatable.
- the blood outflow port 2017 is configured to be rotatable, blood leakage can be prevented with the seal structure having low pressure resistance, and thus the cost of the artificial lung device 2001 can be reduced.
- the two seal members 2062 and 2063 are provided in the blood outflow port 2017, but it is not always necessary to provide two.
- the first seal member 2062 may be provided as in the artificial lung device 2001A shown in FIG. 23, or the third seal member may be provided.
- the second flange 2065 of the blood outflow port 2017 is not always necessary, and a third flange may be newly formed in addition to the two flanges 2064 and 2065.
- the engagement portion 2023 does not necessarily have to be configured by the pair of engagement pieces 2022e, 2022e, and like the pair of engagement pieces 2022e, 2022e, the entire circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface of the port attachment portion 2022. It may be formed by forming a taper shape over.
- the housing body 2011 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, but it is not necessarily required to have such a shape.
- the housing body 2011 may be formed in a substantially rectangular tube shape, and may be of a cylindrical shape and arranged such that its axis is parallel to the substantially horizontal direction during use.
- the artificial lung device 2001 to which the blood outflow port 2017 is applied is not limited to the horizontal type artificial lung device of the present embodiment, and for example, a vertically installed type artificial lung device in which both ends of the housing 2002 are vertically arranged. Can also be applied to.
- the blood outflow port 2017 is inserted into the inner hole 2022a of the port attaching portion 2022, but it does not necessarily have such a configuration. That is, the base end side portion of the blood outflow port 2017 may have an inner hole into which the port mounting portion 2022 can be inserted, and the port mounting portion 2022 may be inserted into the inner hole. Further, in the artificial lung device 2001 of the present embodiment, the port attachment portion 2022 is provided in the housing body 2011 so as to extend in the vertical direction, but it does not necessarily have such a configuration. For example, the port attachment portion 2022 may be integrally provided on the first cap member 2014 so as to extend parallel to the axis L1 of the housing body 2011.
- the blood outflow port 2017 is arranged such that the base end side portion thereof extends parallel to the axis L1, and the tip end side portion of the blood outflow port 2017 is in any one of upper, lower, left, and right directions with respect to the base end side portion. It is inclined at a predetermined angle. Therefore, by rotating the blood outflow port 2017 around the axis of the proximal end portion thereof, the outflow port 2017a can be oriented in any of the up, down, left, and right directions.
- the port attachment portion 2022 is provided in the lower portion of the housing body 2011, but it does not necessarily have such a structure.
- the port mounting portion 2022 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape and is mounted on one opening end of the housing body 2011.
- An insertion hole or an insertion portion is formed in the port attachment portion 2022, and the blood outflow port 2017 is rotatably attached thereto.
- the blood outflow port 2017 is configured to be rotatable, but the blood inflow port 2016 may be configured to be rotatable.
- the gripping portion 2067 projects downward and extends to the same height level as the lower end of the outlet 2017a of the blood outflow port 2017, but is not limited to such an aspect. Instead, the grip 2067 does not have to project downward and reach the lower end of the outlet 2017a of the blood outflow port 2017. Since the gripping portion 2067 is configured to project downward, the rigidity of the blood outflow port 2017 can be increased, and the resistance against the impact when falling can be increased.
- an artificial lung device 1 as shown in FIG. 24 is used to substitute the function of the patient's lungs.
- the artificial lung device 3001 has a gas exchanger function of removing carbon dioxide contained in the blood of the patient and adding oxygen.
- the artificial lung device 3001 also has a heat exchange function to adjust the temperature of blood as well as gas exchange.
- the artificial lung device 3001 having such a function includes a housing 3002, an inner cylinder 3003 (see FIG. 25), and a middle cylinder 3004 (see FIG. 25).
- a component including the housing 3002, the middle cylinder 3004, and a hollow fiber body 3043 described later is a gas exchanger 3060.
- the housing 3002 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape with both ends closed, and has an internal space 3002a (see FIG. 25) for accommodating the inner cylinder 3003 and the middle cylinder 3004 therein.
- the housing 3002 has a housing body 3011, a suspending portion 3013, and two cap portions 3014 and 3015.
- the housing body 3011 is formed into a substantially cylindrical shape, and a hanging portion 3013 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion thereof.
- the hanging portion 3013 is arranged in the central portion of the housing body 3011 in the direction of the axis 3011a, and extends from the upper outer peripheral surface of the housing body 3011 to the outside in the radial direction.
- the suspending portion 3013 is formed, for example, in a generally columnar shape, and the tip side portion thereof is attached to an external suspending device (not shown) to be suspended. Therefore, the housing body 3011 can be suspended via the suspending portion 3013, and the suspended housing body 3011 is configured such that its axis 3011a extends in the horizontal direction.
- the housing body 3011 has open ends on both sides in the direction of the axis 3011a. Of these, the opening end on one side (left side in FIG. 25) is closed by the cap portion 3014, and the opening end on the other side (right side in FIG. 25) is closed by the cap portion 3015.
- These cap portions 3014 and 3015 are formed in a substantially disc shape. For convenience of description, the side where the cap portion 3014 is located in the direction of the axis 3011a of the housing body 3011 is the left side, and the side where the cap portion 3015 is located is the right side.
- a gas supply port 3018 is formed in the cap portion 3014.
- the gas supply port 3018 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and projects from the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the cap portion 3014 to the left side in the direction of the axis 3011a.
- the gas supply port 3018 is connected to an external gas supply device (not shown) via a gas supply tube, and a gas containing oxygen supplied from the gas supply device is supplied from the gas supply port 3018 to the inside of the housing 3002. Be led to.
- a gas exhaust port 3019 is formed in the cap portion 3015.
- the gas discharge port 3019 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and projects from the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the cap portion 3015 to the right side in the direction of the axis 3011a.
- the gas exhaust port 3019 is connected to an external gas supply device via a gas exhaust tube.
- the gas exhaust port 3019 is provided with a slit extending in the direction of the axis 3011a so that the gas can flow out even when the gas exhaust tube is clogged with a kink or the like. If the gas can be discharged, the slit is not limited to the slit, and a circular or polygonal hole may be used.
- a gas discharge hole (not shown) is provided in the lower portion of the cap portion 3015, and the gas supplied through the gas supply port is discharged through the gas discharge hole.
- a blood inflow port 3016 is formed near the central axis of the cap portion 3014 (an axis that substantially matches the axis line 3011a of the housing body 3011).
- the blood inflow port 3016 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and protrudes obliquely downward to the left from the lower side of the central axis of the cap portion 3014.
- a venous blood tube (not shown) is connected to the blood inflow port 3016, and venous blood is guided into the housing body 3011 via the venous blood tube and the blood inflow port 3016.
- a blood outflow port 3017 is formed at a lower portion of the outer peripheral surface of the housing body 3011 (a portion opposite to the hanging portion 3013) and on the left side of the center of the oxygenator 3001 in the direction of the axis 3011a.
- the blood outflow port 3017 includes a port attachment portion 3017a and a port body portion 3017b (FIG. 25).
- the port attachment portion 3017a is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, is provided in the lower portion of the outer peripheral surface of the housing body 3011, and projects downward. The port body portion 3017b is inserted into the port attachment portion 3017a from below.
- the port body portion 3017b is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, projects downward from the lower end of the port attachment portion 3017a, and is bent obliquely downward at the tip.
- An arterial blood tube (not shown) is connected to the blood outflow port 3017 (port body portion 3017b), and the arterial blood generated by the artificial lung device 3001 is sent to the outside via the arterial blood tube.
- the cap 3015 is provided with a medium inflow port 3020 and a medium outflow port 3021.
- the medium inflow port 3020 and the medium outflow port 3021 are vertically spaced apart with the central axis of the cap portion 3015 interposed therebetween.
- the two ports 3020 and 3021 do not necessarily have to be separated vertically, and may be arranged separated left and right.
- the two ports 3020 and 3021 are formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and project from the cap portion 3015 to the right in the direction of the axis 3011a.
- the medium inflow port 3020 is connected to a medium supply tube (not shown) and guides a heat medium such as hot water or cold water from the medium supply tube into the housing 3002.
- the medium outflow port 3021 is connected to a medium discharge tube (not shown), and discharges the heat medium in the housing 3002 to the outside of the housing 3002 via the medium discharge tube.
- the inner cylinder 3003 and the middle cylinder 3004 are housed coaxially in the internal space 3002a of the housing 3002 described above.
- the housing 3002, the middle cylinder 3004, and the inner cylinder 3003 form a blood chamber 3003c, a heat medium compartment 3035 (3033, 3034), and a gas exchange chamber 3045.
- the middle cylinder 3004 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the housing body 3011, and is arranged with respect to the housing body 3011 so that their axes coincide with each other. As a result, an annular space is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the middle cylinder 3004 and the inner peripheral surface of the housing body 3011, and this annular space forms the gas exchange chamber 3045.
- a hollow fiber body 3043 is provided in the gas exchange chamber 3045. Gas exchange with blood is performed in the gas exchange chamber 3045.
- the hollow fiber body 3043 is formed into a substantially cylindrical shape (or a columnar shape having an internal space), and is composed of a plurality of hollow fibers. Specifically, the hollow fiber body 3043 is configured by winding a mat-shaped hollow fiber membrane formed by stacking a plurality of hollow fibers crossing each other around the outer peripheral surface of the middle cylinder 3004. The hollow fiber membrane is wound until the thickness of the hollow fiber body 3043 substantially matches the space between the middle cylinder 3004 and the housing body 3011. That is, the hollow fiber body 3043 is formed along the inner peripheral surface of the housing body 3011 so that the outer peripheral surface thereof abuts on substantially the entire inner peripheral surface of the housing body 3011.
- the thickness of the hollow fiber body 3043 may be substantially the same as the distance between the middle cylinder 3004 and the housing body 3011 or may be larger than the distance between the middle cylinder 3004 and the housing body 3011. Since the hollow fiber body 3043 has elasticity, when the hollow fiber body 3043 is mounted between the middle cylinder 3004 and the housing main body 3011, a portion (a hollow space) fitted to the inner peripheral surfaces of the middle cylinder 3004 and the housing main body 3011. The portion of the thread body 3043 in the other direction) is configured such that the thickness of the hollow fiber body 3043 is substantially equal to the distance between the middle cylinder 3004 and the housing body 3011.
- the portion (one-way portion of the hollow fiber body 3043) that is not fitted between the middle cylinder 3004 and the inner peripheral surface of the housing body 3011 is the middle cylinder 3004 and the housing body 3011.
- the diameter is larger than the portion (the other direction portion of the hollow fiber body 3043) fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the.
- a ring-shaped seal member 3050 is provided on the left side of the gas exchange chamber 3045.
- the seal member 3050 forms a gas inflow space 3052 together with the inner peripheral surface of the cap portion 3014, and a gas supply port 3018 communicates with the gas inflow space 3052.
- An annular seal member 3051 is provided on the right side region of the gas exchange chamber 3045.
- the seal member 3051 forms a gas outflow space 3053 together with the inner peripheral surface of the cap portion 3015, and a gas exhaust port 3019 communicates with the gas outflow space 3053.
- the hollow fiber body 3043 is provided so as to be sandwiched between the seal member 3050 and the seal member 3051 from the left and right.
- the seal member 3050 is made of a known material such as urethane resin.
- the sealing member 3050 seals between the middle cylinder 3004 and the housing 3002 on the left side of the gas exchange chamber 3045 over the entire circumferential direction.
- the seal member 3051 seals between the middle cylinder 3004 and the housing 3002 on the right side of the gas exchange chamber 3045 over the entire circumferential direction.
- the gas inflow space 3052 that communicates with the gas supply port 3018 and the gas outflow space 3053 that communicates with the gas discharge port 3019 pass through the inner holes of the plurality of hollow fibers forming the hollow fiber body 3043. Communicate with each other.
- a gap is provided between each of the plurality of hollow fibers constituting the hollow fiber body 3043, and in the gas exchange chamber 3045, blood flows through this gap.
- the blood guided to the gas exchange chamber 3045 passes through the gap in the hollow fiber body 3043 and flows from the right side to the left side in the direction of the axis 3011a while touching the hollow fiber.
- Oxygen-rich gas is passed through the inner hole of the hollow fiber from the external gas supply device through the gas supply port 3018 and the gas inflow space 3052. Therefore, when blood having a high carbon dioxide concentration touches the hollow fiber, gas exchange is performed between the blood and the gas in the hollow fiber. This removes carbon dioxide from the blood and adds oxygen to the blood.
- the downstream (left side) part of the gas exchange chamber 3045 is expanded radially outward compared to the remaining part.
- an annular recess 3054 that is recessed radially outward is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the left side portion of the housing body 3011.
- the left side portion of the concave portion 3054 has a substantially constant diameter dimension, while the right side portion is tapered toward the right side and is formed in a tapered shape.
- the seal member 3050 is arranged in the central portion of the recess 3054, and the portion of the recess 3054 on the right side of the seal member 3050 is tapered as described above.
- An outer peripheral space 3055 formed between the concave portion 3054 and the hollow fiber body 3043 is formed around the hollow fiber body 3043, and communicates with the blood outflow port 3017 at the lower portion. With such a configuration, the blood that has undergone gas exchange in the gas exchange chamber 3045 is guided to the outer peripheral space 3055 and then flows into the blood outflow port 3017.
- the outer peripheral space 3055 is provided with an annular rectifying frame 3056 along the outer peripheral space 3055.
- the rectifying frame 3056 guides air bubbles carried together with blood flowing through the gas exchange chamber 3045 while exchanging gas so as to be guided toward the hollow fiber body 3043 again and taken into the hollow fiber.
- An air bleed port 3057 that connects the outer peripheral space 3055 to the outside is provided on the top of the housing body 3011.
- the air bleed port 3057 discharges air bubbles accumulated in the upper portion (air bubble trap portion) of the outer peripheral space 3055 to the outside.
- a cap member (not shown) is basically covered on the outer open end of the air bleed port 3057 to prevent air bubbles and blood from being discharged from the air bleed port 3057 except when air bubbles are discharged. ing.
- the middle cylinder 3004 is arranged in the housing 3002 while forming a gas exchange chamber 3045 together with the inner peripheral surface of the housing 3002.
- the middle cylinder 3004 is arranged at a predetermined position in the internal space 3002a of the housing 3002.
- the outer diameter of the middle cylinder 3004 is smaller than the inner diameter of the housing 3002.
- a component including a middle cylinder 3004, an inner cylinder 3003, and a tube group 3032 described below arranged in the inner cylinder 3003 is a heat exchanger 3061, and a heat exchanger 3061 is provided between The area is the heat exchange section 3061a.
- the middle cylinder 3004 has a middle cylinder main body 3040 formed in a cylindrical shape, and an end of the middle cylinder main body 3040 (end on the medium outflow port 3021 side).
- a partition wall 3041 that is circular in a plan view and is spaced apart from the partition wall; and a plurality of hollow cylindrical support parts 3042 that are provided by bridging the partition wall 3041 and the end of the middle cylinder body 3040. have.
- the tubular support portion 3042 is provided so as to stand upright on the middle cylinder body portion 3040 along the axial direction of the middle cylinder body portion 3040, and supports the partition wall portion 3041.
- the inner surface of the cap portion 3015 is provided with an engagement portion 3015a that projects in the axial direction of the housing 3002 and extends in the radial direction of the cap portion 3015.
- a pair of wall portions 3041a are formed on the outer surface of the partition wall portion 3041 of the middle cylinder 3004.
- the pair of wall portions 3041a extend in the radial direction of the partition wall portion 3041.
- the one wall portion 3041a and the other wall portion 3041a form a groove portion 3041b extending in the radial direction of the partition wall portion 3041.
- the position of the middle cylinder 3004 with respect to the cap portion 3015 is predetermined.
- the position of the middle cylinder 3004 with respect to the housing 3002 can be set to a predetermined position.
- the middle cylinder 3004 is positioned with respect to the housing 3002 such that the axis of the middle cylinder 3004 and the axis of the housing 3002 coincide with each other.
- first chamber 3041d and the second chamber 3041e are separated in a liquid-tight state by the engagement of the groove portion 3041b of the partition wall portion 3041 and the engagement portion 3015a of the cap portion 3015.
- the middle cylinder 3004 and the cap portion 3015 are separately molded, but they may be integrally formed.
- the middle cylinder 3004 is arranged so as to extend in the axial direction of the middle cylinder 3004 and be spaced apart from each other in the radial direction.
- a pair of wall portions 3040b that are the same shape as the pair of wall portions 3040b and are located on the opposite side in the radial direction with respect to the pair of wall portions 3040b.
- a groove-shaped first engaged portion 3040d is formed between the pair of wall portions 3040b
- a groove-shaped second engaged portion 3040e is formed between the pair of wall portions 3040c. The first engaged portion 3040d and the second engaged portion 3040e will be described later.
- the middle cylinder body portion 3040 of the middle cylinder 3004 is formed with both ends thereof open, and the end portion on the partition 3041 side extends inside the middle cylinder body portion 3040 in the radial direction.
- An annular edge portion 3040a is formed.
- the area of the opening on the partition wall 3041 side of the tubular support portion 3042 is smaller than the area of the opening on the opposite side.
- the partition portion 3041 is formed in a mortar shape that is recessed in the direction opposite to the direction in which the cap portion 3015 is provided, and extends along with the inner surface of the cap portion 3015, which is a pressure adjusting space for the heat medium. It forms a part of the portion 3041c.
- the heat exchange section 3061a has such an extending section 3041c. That is, the extending portion 3041c is arranged so as to extend beyond the end portion (the right end in FIG. 25) of the blood chamber 303c to the outside of the housing 3002 in the axial direction. That is, the extending portion 3041c is provided between the heat medium compartment 3035 and the medium inflow port 3020 (medium outflow port 3021).
- the tubular support portions 3042 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the edge portion 3040a of the middle tubular body portion 3040. In this embodiment, for example, four cylindrical support portions 3042 are provided.
- the end of each tubular support portion 3042 on the side of the middle cylinder body 3040 communicates with the inside of the middle cylinder body 3040.
- the end portion of each tubular support portion 3042 on the partition wall 3041 side communicates with the above-described extending portion 3041c.
- the extending portion 3041c communicates with the inside of the middle cylinder main body portion 3040 via the tubular support portion 3042.
- the extending portion 3041c is formed by the pair of wall portions 3041a and the engaging portion 3015a. Is divided into two spaces. As a result, the extending portion 3041c is divided into a first chamber 3041d which is a medium inflow chamber and a second chamber 3041e which is a medium outflow chamber, which are independent of each other without communicating with each other.
- the first chamber 3041d and the second chamber 3041e are provided in the partition 3041.
- the first chamber 3041d has a function as a buffer that causes the heat medium to flow in from the medium inflow port 3020 and flow out to the first heat medium branch chamber 3033 described later.
- the first chamber 3041d has a first chamber outlet 3041d1 that is in fluid communication with the first heat medium compartment 3033.
- the first chamber 3041d has a flow passage cross-sectional area larger than the flow passage cross-sectional area of the medium inflow port 3020.
- the flow passage cross-sectional area of the first chamber outlet 3041d1 is smaller than the flow passage cross-sectional area of the medium inflow port 3020.
- the second chamber 3041e has a function as a buffer that causes a heat medium to flow in from a second heat medium branch chamber described later and flow out to the medium outflow port 3021.
- the second chamber 3041e has a second chamber inlet 3041e1 which is in fluid communication with the second heat medium compartment 3034.
- the second chamber 3041e has a flow passage cross-sectional area larger than the flow passage cross-sectional area of the medium outflow port 3021.
- the flow passage cross-sectional area of the second chamber inlet 3041e1 is smaller than the flow passage cross-sectional area of the medium outflow port 3021.
- the first support portion 3042a which is the two adjacent tubular support portions of the four tubular support portions 3042, receives heat from the medium inflow port 3020.
- the medium flows in through the first chamber 3041d.
- the heat medium that has flowed into the first support portion 3042a flows into the first heat medium compartment 3033 in the middle cylinder 3004.
- the first support portion 3042a constitutes the first medium flow path 3071 that fluidly connects the medium inflow port 3020 and the first heat medium compartment 3033.
- the flow passage cross-sectional area of the first medium flow passage 3071 is smaller than the flow passage cross-sectional area of the medium inflow port 3020. Further, the total flow passage cross-sectional areas of the two first support portions 3042a and the flow passage cross-sectional area of the medium inflow port 3020 are equal.
- the second supporting portion 3042b which is the remaining two adjacent tubular supporting portions of the four cylindrical supporting portions 3042, will be described later, but from the second heat medium compartment 3034 in the middle cylinder 3004.
- the heat medium flows in, and then the heat medium is guided to the medium outflow port 3021 via the second chamber 3041e.
- the second support portion 3042b constitutes the second medium flow passage 3072 that fluidly connects the second heat medium compartment 3034 and the medium outflow port 3021.
- the flow passage cross-sectional area of the second medium flow passage 3072 is smaller than the flow passage cross-sectional area of the medium outflow port 3021.
- the total flow passage cross-sectional area of the two second support portions 3042b and the flow passage cross-sectional area of the medium outflow port 3021 are equal.
- the heat medium flows in from the right side of the artificial lung device 3001 toward the left side, performs heat exchange with blood, and then flows out from the left side to the right side of the artificial lung device 3001. Is set (configuration of heat medium flow).
- This flow of the heat medium is an example, and is not limited to the above-described aspect.
- a blood channel 3044 is formed in the area excluding the four cylindrical support portions 3042.
- the blood flow channel 3044 is provided with a downstream end (a right end in FIG. 25) of a tube group 3032 described later, an opening on the partition wall 3041 side of the middle cylinder main body 3040, and a gas exchange chamber extending in the axial direction of the housing 3002. 3045 communicates with an inlet arranged on one side (the right side in FIG. 25).
- the configurations that can achieve the above two effects are the above-described heat medium flow configuration and blood flow configuration.
- the tubular support portion 3042 forming the above-described first medium flow channel 3071 and second medium flow channel 3072 is arranged so as to straddle the blood flow channel 3044, that is, to intersect with the blood flow channel 3044.
- the artificial lung device 3001 includes the bridge structure 3070 that forms the blood flow channel 3044 and the first medium flow channel 3071 and the second medium flow channel 3072 that are arranged so as to intersect with the blood flow channel 3044. I have it.
- the inner cylinder 3003 is for adjusting the temperature of venous blood introduced into the housing 3002, and extends in the same direction as the axial direction of the housing 3002 and the middle cylinder 3004. Has been formed.
- the length of the inner cylinder 3003 (the length in the axial direction) is longer than the length of the middle cylinder 3004 (the length in the axial direction).
- a blood chamber 3003c having one end and the other end is provided inside the inner cylinder 3003 forming a part of the heat exchange section 3061a, and blood is stored inside the blood chamber 3003c.
- the flowing tube group 3032 is inserted and arranged so that the axial direction thereof coincides with the axial direction of the inner cylinder 3003.
- the tube group 3032 is an assembly of a plurality of heat exchange pipes.
- Each heat exchange pipe is a long and small-diameter pipe made of a material having a high thermal conductivity such as stainless steel, and blood is allowed to flow from the blood inflow port 3016.
- the other end of the inner cylinder 3 communicates with the opening of the middle cylinder main body 3040 on the partition wall 3041 side (right side in FIG. 25).
- the outer diameter of the inner cylinder 3003 is smaller than the inner diameter of the middle cylinder 3004.
- the inner cylinder 3003 is positioned with respect to the middle cylinder 3004 such that the axis of the inner cylinder 3003 and the axis of the middle cylinder 3004 coincide with each other.
- an annular heat medium compartment 3035 through which the heat medium flows is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 3003 and the inner peripheral surface of the middle cylinder 3004.
- the heat medium compartment 3035 is included in the heat exchange section 3061a.
- a pair of disc-shaped tube supports 3032a and 3032a are provided in the inner cylinder 3003.
- the outer diameter of the tube support 3032a is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 3003.
- One pipe support 3032a is inserted through one end of the inner cylinder 3003, and the other pipe support 3032a is inserted through the other end of the inner cylinder 3003.
- Each heat exchange pipe constituting the tube group 3032 has one end inserted into a hole (not shown) radially provided on one pipe support 3032a and the other end supporting the other pipe.
- the body 3032a is arranged in the inner cylinder 3003 in a state of being inserted through holes (not shown) radially provided in the body 3032a.
- a known material such as urethane resin is used for the tube support 3032a.
- annular engaging portion 3003b having a larger diameter than the remaining portion of the inner cylinder 3003 is provided at the end of the inner cylinder 3003 opposite to the end 3003a on the cap portion 3015 side. ..
- the annular engagement portion 3003b is adapted to engage with the inner surface of the cap portion 3014 with the middle cylinder 3004 arranged in the housing 3002. As a result, the inner cylinder 3003 is fixed to the cap portion 3014 of the housing 3002.
- a first engaging portion 3038 that extends in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 3003 and projects outward in the radial direction from the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 3003.
- the first engaging portion 3038 it extends in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 3003, protrudes radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 3003, and is located on the opposite side of the first engaging portion 3038 in the radial direction.
- the second engaging portion 3036 located there is provided.
- the inner cylinder 3003 when the inner cylinder 3003 is positioned in the middle cylinder 3004, the first engaging portion 3038 of the inner cylinder 3003 engages with the first engaged portion 3040d of the middle cylinder 3004 and With the second engagement portion 3036 of 3003 engaged with the second engaged portion 3040e of the middle cylinder 3004, the inner cylinder 3003 is slid and inserted into the middle cylinder 3004.
- the end portion 3003a of the inner cylinder 3003 contacts the inner surface of the edge portion 3040a of the middle cylinder body portion 3040.
- the blood chamber 3003c and the heat medium compartment 3035 are separated in a liquid-tight state.
- the annular engagement portion 3003b of the inner cylinder 3003 projects outward from the middle cylinder body portion 3040 and engages with the inner surface of the cap portion 3014.
- the annular heat medium compartment 3035 engages the first engaging portion 3038 and the first engaged portion 3040d and the second engaging portion 3040d.
- the two walls formed by the engagement of the engaging portion 3036 and the second engaged portion 3040e are divided into a first heat medium compartment 3033 and a second heat medium compartment 3034. Due to the first engaging portion 3038 and the first engaged portion 3040d, and the second engaging portion 3036 and the second engaged portion 3040e, the first heat medium compartment 3033 and the second heat medium compartment 3034 are in a liquid-tight state. Separated.
- the first heat medium compartment 3033 communicates with the medium inflow port 3020, and the second heat medium compartment 3034 communicates with the medium outflow port 3021.
- the inner cylinder 3003 is provided side by side in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 3003, and a plurality of first heat medium hole portions 3037a in fluid communication with the blood chamber 3003c and the first heat medium compartment 3033. It has a plurality of second heat medium hole portions 3037b in fluid communication with the blood chamber 3003c and the second heat medium compartment 3034. These first and second heat medium hole portions 3037a and 3037b are formed so as to penetrate the wall thickness of the inner cylinder 3003.
- the first heat medium hole portion 3037a is symmetrically arranged with respect to the second heat medium hole portion 3037b with the blood chamber 3003c (see FIG. 25) interposed therebetween.
- the first and second heat medium hole portions 3037a and 3037b have the same diameter and are holes having a diameter of 3 mm, for example.
- the numbers of the first heat medium hole portions 3037a and the second heat medium hole portions 3037b can be, for example, 18 in total, and are arranged in, for example, 6 rows so as to be arranged in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 3003 and each row. Are provided in threes along the direction orthogonal to the axial direction.
- a pair of recesses may be provided so as to extend in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 3003 so that the volume of the medium compartment 3034 becomes large.
- the first heat medium hole portion 3037a may be arranged in one depression and the second heat medium hole portion 3037b may be arranged in the other depression.
- the venous blood taken out from the vein flows into the housing 3002 through the blood inflow port 3016, and then flows into the heat exchange pipe of the tube group 3032. After passing, it flows into the gas exchange chamber 3045 through the blood flow path 3044. That is, the blood flowing out from the outlet of the blood chamber 3003c flows in the direction crossing the axis of the housing 3002. More specifically, the blood flowing out from the outlet of the blood chamber 3003c flows so as to cross the extending portion 3041c by the blood flow channel 3044. In this way, the blood flows so as to diffuse in the radial direction of the housing 3002 by the blood flow path 3044, so that blood retention is less likely to occur.
- the heat medium flowing into the housing 3002 from the medium inflow port 3020 communicates with the first chamber 3041d via the extending portion 3041c (first chamber 3041d) while suppressing an increase in pressure loss. Flows into the first support portion 3042a. After that, the heat medium flows into the blood chamber 3003c from the first heat medium hole 3037a through the first heat medium compartment 3033. As a result, the heat medium flows on the surface of the heat exchange pipe of the tube group 3032 provided in the blood chamber 3003c.
- the temperature-adjusted blood flows into the gas exchange chamber 3045 via the blood flow path 3044. Then, the blood passes through the gap in the hollow fiber body 3043 provided in the gas exchange chamber 3045 and touches the hollow fiber of the hollow fiber body 3043 to remove carbon dioxide and add oxygen. As a result, the blood is discharged as arterial blood from the blood outflow port 3017 while the oxygen concentration is increased.
- the heat medium after the heat exchange flows into the second heat medium compartment 3034 from the blood chamber 3003c through the second heat medium hole 3037b. After that, the heat medium passes through the inside of the two second support portions 3042b communicating with the second chamber 3041e, and then is discharged from the medium outflow port 3021 via the second chamber 3041e (extension portion 3041c).
- the blood flow path 3044 is formed so as to intersect with the four tubular support portions 3042. That is, the four cylindrical support portions 3042, which are heat medium flow paths, are configured like bridge flow paths that straddle the blood flow path 3044. With such a configuration, the flow path length of blood can be ensured by causing blood to flow from the left side to the right side of the artificial lung device 3001, and therefore sufficient heat exchange can be realized, and the blood inflow port can be realized. 3016 and the medium outflow port 3021 can be arranged on the opposite side of the oxygenator 1 from each other, which makes it possible to avoid hygiene risks.
- the flow passage cross-sectional area of the first medium flow passage 3071 is smaller than the flow passage cross-sectional area of the medium inflow port 3020, and the flow passage cross-sectional area of the second medium flow passage 3072 is the flow of the medium outflow port 3021. It is smaller than the road cross-sectional area.
- an extending portion 3041c having a heat exchange function is provided between the first heat medium compartment 3033 and the second heat medium compartment 3034 and the medium inflow port 3020 and the medium outflow port 3021.
- the presence of the extending portion 3041c can suppress an increase in pressure loss of the heat medium. Further, the presence of the extending portion 3041c eliminates the need to make the housing 3002 large in the radial direction, and thus the priming volume can be reduced.
- the first chamber 3041d has a flow passage cross-sectional area larger than the flow passage cross-sectional area of the medium inflow port 3020, and the second chamber 3041e flows larger than the flow passage cross-sectional area of the medium outflow port 3021. It has a road cross-sectional area. This makes it possible to further suppress an increase in pressure loss.
- the flow passage cross-sectional area of the first chamber outlet 3041d1 is smaller than the flow passage cross-sectional area of the medium inflow port 3020
- the flow passage cross-sectional area of the second chamber inlet 3041e1 is the flow passage cross-section of the medium outflow port 3021. It is configured to be smaller than the area. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in the diameter of the housing 3002 and further reduce the priming volume.
- the heat medium branch chamber 3035 (the first heat medium branch chamber 3033 and the second heat medium branch chamber) that communicates with the blood chamber 3003c. 3034) has been formed. That is, the heat medium compartment 3035 is formed so as to extend along the axial direction of the blood chamber 3003c formed in the inner cylinder 3003 and allowing blood to flow through the tube group 3032. As a result, the heat medium can be evenly fed in the blood flow direction. As a result, heat exchange with blood can be uniformly and sufficiently performed.
- the inner cylinder 3003 when the inner cylinder 3003 is positioned in the middle cylinder 3004, the first engagement portion 3038 of the inner cylinder 3003 engages with the first engaged portion 3040d of the middle cylinder 3004 and With the second engagement portion 3036 of the cylinder 3003 engaged with the second engaged portion 3040e of the middle cylinder 3004, the inner cylinder 3003 is slid and inserted into the middle cylinder 3004. With such a configuration, the inner cylinder 3003 can be easily positioned with respect to the middle cylinder 3004.
- the heat medium compartment 3035 is divided into the first heat medium compartment 3033 and the second heat medium compartment 3034. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a partition for dividing the heat medium compartment 3035 into a chamber in which the heat medium before heat exchange flows and a chamber in which the heat medium after heat exchange flows.
- a blood flow path 3044 is provided to allow the blood flowing out from the outlet of the blood chamber 3003c to flow in the direction crossing the axis of the housing 3002.
- the blood flow extends in the direction of the axis 3011a of the housing 3002
- the housing 3002 further increases in the direction of the axis 3011a. Therefore, the priming volume increases.
- the blood flow path 3044 that allows blood to flow in the axial crossing direction is adopted, the housing 3002 does not have to be enlarged in the direction of the axis 3011a. This makes it possible to further reduce the priming volume.
- the middle cylinder 3004 that is disposed inside the housing 3002 while forming the gas exchange chamber 3045 together with the inner peripheral surface of the housing 3002 is provided, so that the gas exchange chamber 3045 is located inside the housing 3002. Can be placed. Therefore, as compared with the case where the gas exchange chamber is provided outside the housing, it is possible to prevent the artificial lung device 3001 from increasing in diameter. As a result, the priming volume can be reduced.
- the total flow passage cross-sectional area of the first support portion 3042a and the flow passage cross-sectional area of the medium inflow port 3020 are the same, and the total flow passage cross-sectional area of the second support portion 3042b and the flow of the medium outflow port 3021 are the same.
- the road cross section is equal. This can suppress an increase in pressure loss of the heat medium.
- the partition wall portion 3041 is formed in the shape of a mortar that is recessed in the direction opposite to the direction of the cap portion 3015, it becomes easy to secure the volumes of the first chamber 3041d and the second chamber 3041e. As a result, it is difficult for the pressure loss of the heat medium from the medium inflow port 3020 to increase.
- the inner cylinder 3003 has a plurality of first and second heat medium hole portions 3037a and 3037b arranged side by side in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 3003.
- the first and second heat medium hole portions 3037a and 3037b are, for example, hole portions having a diameter of 3 mm, and are arranged in, for example, 6 rows so as to be aligned in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 3003, and each row is orthogonal to the above axial direction. Three are provided along each direction.
- the first heat medium hole portion 3037a is arranged symmetrically with respect to the second heat medium hole portion 3037b with the blood chamber 3003c interposed therebetween. Accordingly, the flow of the heat medium can be made orthogonal to the flow direction of the blood in the blood chamber 3003c, so that the efficiency of stirring the heat medium with respect to the blood is improved. This improves heat exchange efficiency.
- the blood outflow port 3017 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the housing 3002, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the blood outflow port 3017 may be provided on the cap portion 3014 similarly to the blood inflow port 3016.
- the blood is caused to flow in the heat exchange pipe of the tube group 3032, and the heat medium is caused to flow around the heat exchange pipe of the tube group 3032, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the heat medium may be caused to flow in the heat exchange pipe of the tube group 3032, and blood may be caused to flow around the heat exchange pipe.
- the middle cylinder 3004 is configured to be inserted and arranged in the housing 3002, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the middle cylinder 3004 and the housing 3002 may be integrally formed. Good.
- the inner cylinder 3003 is configured to be inserted and arranged in the middle cylinder 3004, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the inner cylinder 3003 and the middle cylinder 3004 are integrally formed. May be.
- the four tubular support portions 3042 are provided, but the number of the tubular support portions 3042 may be, for example, two or eight. That is, it suffices that the flow path for allowing the heat medium to flow into the middle cylinder 3004 and the flow path for causing the heat medium to flow out of the middle cylinder 3004 are configured by the tubular support portion 3042.
- the outer peripheral surface of the middle cylinder 3004 may be formed with a convex portion that extends in the axial direction and extends to the vicinity of the central portion of the middle cylinder 3004.
- the extending portion 3041c may be configured to include the cap portion 3015.
- outlet of the blood chamber 3003c may be provided by one or a plurality of holes provided on the surface of the middle cylinder 3004.
- the present invention can be applied to an artificial lung device that removes carbon dioxide contained in blood and adds oxygen.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施の形態の人工肺装置1の外観を示す正面図であり、図2は、図1の人工肺装置1を切断した正面断面図である。図1,2に示す人工肺装置1は、患者の心臓の動きを止めて行われる手術にて、患者の肺の機能を代替するために用いられるものである。そのために人工肺装置1は、患者の血液に含まれる二酸化炭素を除去して酸素を付加するガス交換機能を有し、また、血液の温度を調整する熱交換機能を有している。このような機能を有する人工肺装置1は、いわゆる横置きタイプの構成となっており、ハウジング2、内筒3、及び中筒4を備えている。
図4は、実施の形態2に係る人工肺装置1Aの整流フレーム56Aを示す断面図である。より詳しくは、図4のうち(a)は、人工肺装置1Aにおいて整流フレーム56A全体を含む部分の断面図であり、(b)は、人工肺装置1Aにおいて整流フレーム56Aの上部を含む部分の断面図である。この人工肺装置1Aの整流フレーム56Aは、少なくとも一部がハウジング本体11の内壁面により形成された第2整流面64Aを有している。
図5は、実施の形態3に係る人工肺装置1Bの血液流出ポート17を示す断面図である。ここでは、実施の形態1,2に示す整流フレーム56,56Aが有するフィルタ66に替えて、あるいは、これに加えて異なる箇所にフィルタを設ける構成について説明する。
図6は、本実施の形態1の人工肺装置1001Aの構成を示す正面断面図であり、図7は、図6の人工肺装置1001AをII-II線で切断した側面断面図である。図6及び図7に示す人工肺装置1001Aは、患者の心臓の動きを止めて行われる手術にて、患者の肺の機能を代替するために用いられるものである。そのために人工肺装置1001Aは、患者の血液に含まれる二酸化炭素を除去して酸素を付加するガス交換機能を有し、また、血液の温度を調整する熱交換機能を有している。本実施の形態1で例示する人工肺装置1001Aは、いわゆる横置きタイプの構成となっており、ハウジング1002及び内筒1003を備えている。
図8は、実施の形態2に係る人工肺装置1001Bの側面断面図である。以下、この人工肺装置1001Bにおいて、上述した人工肺装置1001Aと異なる部分を中心に説明する。なお、図8では、人工肺装置1001Bの構成のうち人工肺装置1001Aの構成に少なくとも機能面で対応するものには、人工肺装置1001Aの説明で用いた符号に100を加算した符号を付している。
図9は、実施の形態3に係る人工肺装置1001Cの正面断面図である。以下、この人工肺装置1001Cにおいて、上述した人工肺装置1001Aと異なる部分を中心に説明する。なお、図9では、人工肺装置1001Cの構成のうち人工肺装置1001Aの構成に少なくとも機能面で対応するものには、人工肺装置1001Aの説明で用いた符号に200を加算した符号を付している。
図10は、実施の形態4に係る人工肺装置1001Dの正面断面図である。以下、この人工肺装置1001Dにおいて、上述した人工肺装置1001Aと異なる部分を中心に説明する。なお、図10では、人工肺装置1001Dの構成のうち人工肺装置1001Aの構成に少なくとも機能面で対応するものには、人工肺装置1001Aの説明で用いた符号に300を加算した符号を付している。
換言すれば、第2の開示に係る実施の形態4ではフィルタ構造体1330の内側面及び中空糸体1340の外表面によってスペースが構成され、当該スペースが気泡誘導部1390又は気泡貯留部1391を構成する。
図11は、実施の形態5に係る人工肺装置1001Eの正面断面図である。以下、この人工肺装置1001Eにおいて、上述した人工肺装置1001Dと異なる部分を中心に説明する。なお、図11では、人工肺装置1001Eの構成のうち人工肺装置1001Dの構成に少なくとも機能面で対応するものには、人工肺装置1001Dの説明で用いた符号のうち、3桁目の数字(アルファベットの添え字を除く)を3から4に置換した符号を付している。
図12は、実施の形態6に係る人工肺装置1001Fの正面断面図である。この人工肺装置1001Fはいわゆる縦置きタイプの構成となっており、ハウジング1502及び内筒1503を備えている。なお、図12では、人工肺装置1001Fの構成のうち人工肺装置1001Aの構成に少なくとも機能面で対応するものには、人工肺装置1001Aの説明で用いた符号に500を加算した符号を付している。
図13は、実施の形態7に係る人工肺装置1001Gの正面断面図である。以下、この人工肺装置1001Gにおいて、上述した人工肺装置1001Fと異なる部分を中心に説明する。なお、図13では、人工肺装置1001Gの構成のうち人工肺装置1001Fの構成に少なくとも機能面で対応するものには、人工肺装置1001Fの説明で用いた符号のうち、3桁目の数字(アルファベットの添え字を除く)を5から6に置換した符号を付している。
図14は、実施の形態8に係る人工肺装置1001Hの正面断面図である。以下、この人工肺装置1001Hにおいて、上述した人工肺装置1001Gと異なる部分を中心に説明する。なお、図14では、人工肺装置1001Hの構成のうち人工肺装置1001Gの構成に少なくとも機能面で対応するものには、人工肺装置1001Fの説明で用いた符号のうち、3桁目の数字(アルファベットの添え字を除く)を6から7に置換した符号を付している。
図15は、実施の形態1の変形例1に係る人工肺装置1001Jの正面断面図である。この変形例1に係る人工肺装置1001Jは、実施の形態1に係る人工肺装置1001Aと比べてフィルタ1030の構成が異なっており、その他の構成は同じである。従って、図15では、人工肺装置1001Jの構成のうち人工肺装置1001Aの構成と同じものには、人工肺装置1001Aの説明で用いたものと同じ符号を付している。
図16は、実施の形態1の変形例2に係る人工肺装置1001Kの正面断面図である。この変形例2に係る人工肺装置1001Kは、実施の形態1に係る人工肺装置1001Aと比べてフィルタ1030の構成が異なっており、その他の構成は同じである。従って、図16では、人工肺装置1001Kの構成のうち人工肺装置1001Aの構成と同じものには、人工肺装置1001Aの説明で用いたものと同じ符号を付している。
図17は、参考例1に係る人工肺装置1001Lの正面断面図である。この参考例1に係る人工肺装置1001Lは、実施の形態1に係る人工肺装置1001Aと比べてフィルタ1030の構成が異なっており、その他の構成は同じである。従って、図17では、人工肺装置1001Lの構成のうち人工肺装置1001Aの構成と同じものには、人工肺装置1001Aの説明で用いたものと同じ符号を付している。
本実施形態の人工肺装置2001では、血液流出ポート2017において2つのシール部材2062,2063が設けられているが、必ずしも2つ設けられている必要はない。例えば、図23に示す人工肺装置2001Aのように第1シール部材2062だけが設けられてもよく、また第3シール部材を設けるようにしてもよい。また、血液流出ポート2017における第2フランジ2065もまた必ずしも必要ではなく、また2つのフランジ2064,2065に加えて第3フランジを新たに形成してもよい。更に、係合部2023は、必ずしも一対の係合片2022e,2022eによって構成されている必要はなく、一対の係合片2022e,2022eと同様にポート取付部2022の内周面の周方向全周にわたってテーパ状に形成することによって構成されていてもよい。
図24に示すように、ハウジング3002は、両端部が塞がれた大略円筒状に形成されており、その中に内筒3003および中筒3004を収容すべく内部空間3002a(図25参照)を有している。詳細には、ハウジング3002は、ハウジング本体3011と、吊下げ部3013と、2つのキャップ部3014,3015とを有している。
中筒3004は、ハウジング3002の内周面と共にガス交換室3045を形成しつつハウジング3002内に配置されている。中筒3004は、ハウジング3002の内部空間3002aの所定位置に配置される。中筒3004の外径は、ハウジング3002の内径よりも小さくなっている。本実施形態において、中筒3004と内筒3003と内筒3003内に配置された後述の管群3032とを含む構成要素が熱交換器3061であり、中筒3004と管群3032との間の領域が熱交換部3061aである。
図29に示すように、内筒3003は、ハウジング3002内に導かれる静脈血の温度を調整するためのものであって、ハウジング3002および中筒3004の軸線方向と同じ方向に延在するように形成されている。本実施形態では、内筒3003の長さ(軸線方向の長さ)は、中筒3004の長さ(軸線方向の長さ)よりも長くなっている。
本発明は上述の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変形が可能である。例えば以下の通りである。
2 ハウジング
20 血液流入ポート
21 血液流出ポート
43 中空糸体(ガス交換器)
54 凹部(気泡トラップ部)
56 整流フレーム(気泡誘導部)
62 整流面
63 第1整流面
64 第2整流面
66 フィルタ
66A フィルタ
66B フィルタ
70 気泡貯留部
Claims (40)
- 血液流入ポート及び血液流出ポートを有し、軸心を横方向に向けて配置されるハウジングと、
前記ハウジング内に配置され、血液が前記血液流入ポートから前記血液流出ポートへ流れる途中で、当該血液に対してガス交換を行うガス交換器と、
前記ガス交換器の周りに配置されたフィルタ構造体と、
前記ガス交換器の表面に対向して配置された対向壁と、
前記対向壁及び/又は前記フィルタ構造体により構成されたスペースと、を備え、
前記対向壁及び/又は前記フィルタ構造体は、前記ガス交換器に向かって傾斜する傾斜面を有する、人工肺装置。 - 前記ガス交換器は、前記ハウジング内で軸心を横方向に向けて配置された柱状を成し、
前記スペースは前記ハウジング内において、血液の流れに伴って前記ガス交換器を通過してきた気泡を再び前記ガス交換器に向かわせる気泡誘導部を構成し、
前記気泡誘導部は、前記ガス交換器から前記血液流出ポートへ向かう流路を横断して設けられた整流面を有し、
前記整流面は、
前記ガス交換器の外周面に対向しつつ前記ガス交換器を周回して設けられ、かつ、
相対的に下方に設けられて、血液の流れ方向における上流側部分に比べて下流側部分が前記ガス交換器の外周面に近接するよう傾斜した第1整流面と、
相対的に上方に設けられて、前記第1整流面における前記上流側部分よりも前記ガス交換器の外周面に近接し、前記第1整流面とは異なる傾斜を有する第2整流面と、
を有している、
請求項1に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記整流面にフィルタが設けられる、請求項2に記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記第1整流面には開口が形成され、前記開口にはフィルタが設けられている、請求項2又は3の何れかに記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記第2整流面は前記ガス交換器の外周面に対して所定寸法だけ離隔して位置し、前記第2整流面と前記ガス交換器の外周面との間に、気泡貯留部が形成されている、請求項2~4の何れかに記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記整流面のうち少なくとも前記第2整流面は、前記ハウジングの内壁面により構成されている、請求項2~5の何れかに記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記血液流出ポートに、フィルタが設けられている、請求項1~6の何れかに記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記フィルタは、前記血液流出ポートにおける血液の流れ方向の寸法が、前記血液流出ポートの内径寸法より大きい柱状を成している、請求項7に記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記気泡貯留部よりも下流に気泡トラップ部を有する、請求項5に記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記気泡トラップ部はエア抜きポートを有する、請求項9に記載の人工肺装置。
- 両端部が塞がれた筒状を成し、血液流入ポート及び血液流出ポートを有し、軸心を横方向に向けて配置されるハウジングと、
前記ハウジング内に配置され、血液が前記血液流入ポートから前記血液流出ポートへ流れる途中で、当該血液に対してガス交換を行うガス交換器と、
ガス交換器の周りに設けられるフィルタ構造体と、
前記フィルタ構造体と前記ガス交換器との間に設けられた気泡貯留部と、を備え、
前記気泡貯留部は前記ハウジングの上側に位置し前記ガス交換器に臨んでいる、
人工肺装置。 - 前記気泡貯留部は、前記整流フレームの内周面と前記ガス交換器の外周面とを含む、請求項11に記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記整流フレームは、前記ガス交換器に近接する傾斜整流面を有する、請求項11又は12に記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記気泡貯留部よりも下流に気泡トラップ部を有する、請求項11~13の何れかに記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記気泡トラップ部はエア抜きポートを有する、請求項14に記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記ガス交換器の表面と前記対向壁との間の離隔寸法は、鉛直上方へ向かうに従って、または、前記スペースにおける血液の通流方向の下流側へ向かうに従って、ゼロに向かうよう漸減している、
請求項1に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記ガス交換器を通過してきた血液が前記血液流出ポートへ向かう流路を横断するようにして、前記血液中の異物を除去するフィルタ構造体は、そのフィルタ構造体の内側面の少なくとも一部が前記ガス交換器の表面と接するように設けられており、前記フィルタ構造体が前記対向壁を成している、
請求項16に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記ガス交換器は、その表面の一部が前記ハウジングの内壁面と接するようにして設けられており、前記ハウジングの内壁面が前記対向壁を成している、
請求項17に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記ハウジング内に配置され、前記血液流入ポートから流入した血液を温調すると共に温調後の血液を前記ガス交換器へ送り出す熱交換器を更に備え、
前記ガス交換器は前記熱交換器を取り囲む筒状を成し、前記熱交換器と前記ガス交換器との間には両者を隔てる筒状壁が設けられており、
前記ガス交換器の内周面と前記筒状壁において前記ガス交換器の内周面に対向する部分とで、前記気泡誘導部が形成されている、
請求項18に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記ハウジングは前記血液流出ポートが取り付けられる取付部を有し、
前記血液流出ポートの基端側部分は、その軸線を中心に回動可能に前記取付部に取り付けられている、請求項1~19に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記血液流出ポートは、その先端側部分が前記基端側部分の軸線に対して所定の角度を成すように屈曲している、請求項20に記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記取付部は、大略円筒状に形成され、且つその内周面に係合部を有し、
前記血液流出ポートの基端側部分は、前記取付部に取り付けられ、取り付けられた状態にて前記係合部に係合する被係合部を有する、請求項20又は21に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記係合部及び前記被係合部の一方は、周方向に互いに間隔をあけて配置される複数の係合片によって構成され、
前記係合片は、上方に進むにつれて半径方向内側に突出するようにテーパ状に形成され、
前記係合部及び前記被係合部の他方は、前記係合片と位置を対応させ且つ半径方向外方に突出させて形成され、前記複数の係合片より上側に位置している状態にて前記複数の係合片と係合するようになっている、請求項22に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記基端側部分の外周面と前記取付部の内周面との間を封止する第1シール部材及び第2シール部材を更に備え、
前記第1シール部材は、前記血液流出ポートの基端側部分の外周面において前記第2シール部材より基端側に配置され、
前記第2シール部材は、前記第1シール部材より潰し率が大きくなっている、請求項20乃至23の何れか1つに記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記血液流入ポートの基端側部分は、前記ハウジング本体から上下方向一方に突出し、
前記血液流入ポートの先端側部分は、屈曲部を介して前記基端側部分に繋がり、前記基端側部分に対し上下方向一方に向かうように径方向外側に傾斜しており、
前記血液流出ポートは、前記屈曲部から上下方向一方に突出するように前記屈曲部に形成された把持部を有している、請求項20乃至24の何れか1つに記載の人工肺装置。 - 両端が塞がれた筒状のハウジングと、
前記ハウジング内に設けられ、血液に対して熱交換を行う熱交換器と、
前記ハウジング内で前記熱交換器の軸線方向周りに配置され、前記熱交換器と流体連通して血液に対してガス交換を行うガス交換器と、
前記熱交換器と前記ガス交換器との間にて前記熱交換器の軸線方向回りに配置され、前記熱交換器に出入りする熱媒体が通流する熱媒体分室と、
前記ハウジングの一端側に設けられ、前記熱交換器と流体連通する血液流入ポートと、
前記ハウジングに設けられ、前記ガス交換器と流体連通する血液流出ポートと、
前記ハウジングの他端側に設けられ、前記熱媒体分室と流体連通する媒体流入ポートおよび媒体流出ポートと、
前記熱交換器から前記熱媒体分室の他端側を経て前記ガス交換器へ径方向に血液を流す血液流路、および、前記媒体流入ポートおよび前記媒体流出ポートと前記熱媒体分室との間で前記軸線方向に熱媒体を流す媒体流路、を形成するブリッジ構造体と、を備えた、人工肺装置。 - 前記熱交換器は、前記血液流入ポートおよび前記血液流出ポートと流体連通する血液室と、前記媒体流入ポートおよび前記媒体流出ポートと流体連通して熱媒体が流れる熱交換部とを含み、
前記熱媒体分室は、前記血液室の軸線方向周りに設けられて前記媒体流入ポートと連通する第1熱媒体分室と、前記血液室の軸線方向周りに設けられて前記媒体流出ポートと連通する第2熱媒体分室とを含み、
前記媒体流路は、前記媒体流入ポートと前記第1熱媒体分室とを流体連通する第1媒体流路と、前記第2熱媒体分室と前記媒体流出ポートとを流体連通する第2媒体流路とを含み、
前記第1媒体流路の流路断面積は前記媒体流入ポートの流路断面積よりも小さく、前記第2媒体流路の流路断面積は前記媒体流出ポートの流路断面積よりも小さい、請求項26に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記熱交換部は、前記第1熱媒体分室および前記第2熱媒体分室と、前記媒体流入ポートおよび前記媒体流出ポートとの間に設けられた延在部を含む、請求項27に記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記延在部は、前記熱媒体を前記媒体流入ポートから流入させて前記第1熱媒体分室へと流出させる第1室を含み、
前記第1室は、前記媒体流入ポートの流路断面積よりも大きな流路断面積を有する、請求項28に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記第1室は前記第1熱媒体分室と流体連通する第1室出口を有し、
前記第1室出口の流路断面積は前記媒体流入ポートの流路断面積よりも小さい、請求項29に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記延在部は、前記熱媒体を前記第2熱媒体分室から流入させて前記媒体流出ポートへと流出させる第2室を含み、
前記第2室は、前記媒体流出ポートの流路断面積よりも大きな流路断面積を有する、請求項26~30の何れか1項に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記第2室は前記第2熱媒体分室と流体連通する第2室入口を有し、
前記第2室入口の流路断面積は前記媒体流出ポートの流路断面積よりも小さい、請求項31に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記ガス交換器は、血液との間でガス交換が行われるガス交換室を有し、
前記ハウジングの内周面と共に前記ガス交換室を形成しつつ前記ハウジング内に配置される中筒を備える、請求項26~32の何れか1項に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記熱交換部の一部を形成しつつ内部に前記血液室が設けられた内筒を備える、請求項26~33の何れか1項に記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記中筒は、中筒本体部と、前記中筒本体部の前記媒体流入ポートの側の端部と離間して配置された隔壁部と、前記隔壁部と前記中筒本体部の前記端部とに架橋されて内部に前記熱媒体が流れる中空状の複数の筒状支持部と、を有し、
前記血液流路は、前記中筒本体部の端部と前記隔壁部との間に形成され、
前記複数の筒状支持部は、前記血液流路と交差するように配置されていると共に前記第1媒体流路を構成する1又は複数の第1支持部と、前記血液流路と交差するように配置されていると共に前記第2媒体流路を構成する1又は複数の第2支持部とを含む、請求項33又は34に記載の人工肺装置。 - 前記第1支持部の総流路断面積は前記媒体流入ポートの流路断面積以上であり、前記第2支持部の総流路断面積は前記媒体流出ポートの流路断面積以上である、請求項35に記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記隔壁部は前記延在部の一部を構成し、前記第1室および前記第2室は前記隔壁部に設けられている、請求項35又は36に記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記隔壁部は、前記熱交換部の方に窪んだすり鉢状に形成されている、請求項35~37の何れか1項に記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記内筒は、前記内筒の軸線方向に並んで設けられ、前記血液室および前記第1熱媒体分室と流体連通する複数の第1熱媒体孔部と、前記血液室および前記第2熱媒体分室と流体連通する複数の第2熱媒体孔部とを有している、請求項34~38の何れか1項に記載の人工肺装置。
- 前記第1熱媒体孔部は、前記第2熱媒体孔部と同じ大きさを有し、前記血液室を挟んで前記第2熱媒体孔部に対して対称的に配置されている、請求項39に記載の人工肺装置。
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PCT/JP2020/003101 WO2020158777A1 (ja) | 2019-01-29 | 2020-01-29 | 人工肺装置 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20220096721A1 (ja) |
EP (3) | EP4233934A3 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112021013710A2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2020158777A1 (ja) |
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2020
- 2020-01-29 WO PCT/JP2020/003101 patent/WO2020158777A1/ja unknown
- 2020-01-29 EP EP23181871.7A patent/EP4233934A3/en active Pending
- 2020-01-29 BR BR112021013710-6A patent/BR112021013710A2/pt unknown
- 2020-01-29 EP EP23181869.1A patent/EP4252794A1/en active Pending
- 2020-01-29 EP EP23181866.7A patent/EP4241802A3/en active Pending
- 2020-01-29 US US17/426,405 patent/US20220096721A1/en active Pending
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JP2010200884A (ja) * | 2009-03-02 | 2010-09-16 | Jms Co Ltd | 人工肺装置 |
JP2011161147A (ja) * | 2010-02-15 | 2011-08-25 | Nipro Corp | 熱交換器一体型人工肺 |
JP2015144857A (ja) * | 2011-05-17 | 2015-08-13 | ソリン・グループ・イタリア・ソシエタ・ア・レスポンサビリタ・リミタータ | 血液クロスフローを有する血液処理ユニット |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP4241802A2 (en) | 2023-09-13 |
EP4233934A2 (en) | 2023-08-30 |
US20220096721A1 (en) | 2022-03-31 |
EP4252794A1 (en) | 2023-10-04 |
EP4233934A3 (en) | 2023-10-04 |
EP4241802A3 (en) | 2023-10-18 |
BR112021013710A2 (pt) | 2021-09-21 |
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