WO2020157922A1 - Alimentation électrique en courant continu et système d'alimentation - Google Patents

Alimentation électrique en courant continu et système d'alimentation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020157922A1
WO2020157922A1 PCT/JP2019/003408 JP2019003408W WO2020157922A1 WO 2020157922 A1 WO2020157922 A1 WO 2020157922A1 JP 2019003408 W JP2019003408 W JP 2019003408W WO 2020157922 A1 WO2020157922 A1 WO 2020157922A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
voltage
power supply
storage battery
load
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/003408
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
田路　和幸
千真 梅木
Original Assignee
国立大学法人東北大学
株式会社エナジア
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Application filed by 国立大学法人東北大学, 株式会社エナジア filed Critical 国立大学法人東北大学
Priority to PCT/JP2019/003408 priority Critical patent/WO2020157922A1/fr
Publication of WO2020157922A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020157922A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells

Definitions

  • the present invention is to stabilize DC power using a storage battery, a capacitor-less PFC circuit that also uses a storage battery, a DC power use method for suppressing arc discharge that is a problem during DC use by a converter circuit, and an existing AC wiring system.
  • DC power supply method using DC power supply and DC/AC hybrid power system that uses DC/AC power by switching between DC and AC at the appropriate time by using loads corresponding to both DC and AC.
  • the power system Regarding the power system.
  • the power supply system for photovoltaic power generation of Patent Document 1 is configured by a solar power supply device, a power supply device other than the solar power supply device, and a DC power combiner that combines the DC powers thereof, Sunlight that detects when the power consumed by the load is equal to or greater than the power from the solar cell and controls the power generated by the solar power supply device so that it is extracted without waste to the maximum extent.
  • a power supply system for power generation is described.
  • Patent Document 2 describes a device in which a circuit including a capacitor, a diode and a resistor is provided around a contact for a DC contact, and an arc discharge is suppressed by a transient phenomenon and a discharge circuit.
  • Non-patent document 1 In response to social demands for expanding the use of renewable energy and improving energy use efficiency in recent years, DC power supply has been reviewed, and DC power supply has been put to practical use in NTT data centers and the like.
  • Patent Document 1 for the photovoltaic power generation that performs optimum control by comparing the magnitude of the DC power obtained from the solar panel and the magnitude of the DC power obtained from the other power supply device other than the solar power supply device with respect to the load.
  • the power supply system is described, the possibility of acquiring a power supply device other than the solar power supply from system AC power is not described.
  • Patent Document 2 describes a device that suppresses arc discharge by a transient phenomenon and a discharge circuit by providing a circuit including a capacitor, a diode and a resistor for a DC switching contact around the switching contact. There is no description about the possibility of arranging the arc discharge suppression circuit of (3) on the load side instead of the contact side.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 describes the superiority of DC power supply and an example of high-voltage DC power supply, but does not describe the possibility of supplying DC power supply using an existing AC wiring system.
  • An object of the present invention is to use an accumulator to generate unstable DC power whose output fluctuates due to renewable energy such as photovoltaic power generation, or DC power whose voltage fluctuates, which is obtained by rectifying from system AC power.
  • the invention according to claim 1 provides unstable DC power whose output fluctuates due to renewable energy such as solar power generation, and DC power whose voltage is unstable obtained by rectifying system AC power with a rectifier or the like, respectively. It is a DC power supply characterized in that a DC voltage is smoothed by connecting storage batteries in parallel to a single circuit or a combined circuit to obtain stable DC power.
  • the invention according to claim 2 is a DC power supply characterized in that a capacitor for voltage smoothing is removed from a PFC (Power Factor Correction) circuit, and a DC voltage is smoothed by a storage battery.
  • PFC Power Factor Correction
  • the invention according to claim 3 is the direct-current power source according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the storage battery is a vehicle-mounted reuse storage battery mounted on an EV, a PHV, or the like and having a reduced SOH.
  • the invention according to claim 4 is an electric power system having a DC power supply, a DC converter being arranged between a load and a switching contact, and having a function of suppressing arc discharge.
  • the invention according to claim 5 is the power system according to claim 4, wherein the DC power supply is the DC power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
  • the invention according to claim 6 is the power system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the DC power supply is connected to an existing AC wiring system and supplied to a load.
  • the invention according to claim 7 is the power system according to claim 4, which is a hybrid of direct current and alternating current, characterized in that a load corresponding to both direct current and alternating current is used, and direct current or alternating current is switched and used.
  • unstable DC power whose output and voltage fluctuate is inexpensive and simple, without using a capacitor or a DC/DC converter, and the power conversion loss is minimized, and is regulated by the storage battery voltage. It is possible to obtain stable DC power of a predetermined voltage.
  • the capacitor for voltage smoothing can be eliminated from the conventional PFC circuit, the life of the device can be greatly improved, the cost can be reduced, and harmonics are less likely to occur.
  • the PFC circuit is a power factor correction circuit, and is a circuit that brings the power factor of the power source close to 1.
  • the SOH is lowered to 70% or less, and the storage battery which is not suitable for reuse of general electricity storage can be effectively used, and the DC power supply system can be obtained at low cost.
  • the DC power feeding method of the invention according to claim 6 it is possible to supply DC power of, for example, 100 V DC by using the existing AC wiring system, and while utilizing the existing social system, smoothly and inexpensively, the DC usage environment. Can be obtained.
  • a load corresponding to both DC and AC is used, and for example, DC power feeding is performed during the day when power is generated by solar power generation, and conventional AC power feeding is performed at night. It can be used by switching to, and the standby power of the power system can be minimized, and the renewable energy can be used with high efficiency.
  • unstable DC power whose output fluctuates due to renewable energy, such as photovoltaic power generation, and unstable AC power whose voltage fluctuates due to a rectifier or a capacitorless PFC circuit from system AC power Therefore, by utilizing the in-vehicle reuse storage battery, it is possible to obtain stable DC power at a predetermined voltage that is specified by the storage battery voltage, at low cost, with minimal power conversion loss.
  • the existing social infrastructure can be utilized effectively, safely, and A DC utilization environment can be obtained at low cost.
  • the present invention in a photovoltaic power generation facility or the like, it is possible to eliminate a power conditioner, which has a large conversion loss, a large device cost, and can significantly reduce the introduction cost of the power system.
  • FIG. 1 shows the concept of direct current stabilization of unstable power by a storage battery, which is the basis of the present invention.
  • the DC voltage (V 1 ) due to the renewable energy, the DC peak voltage (V 2 ) rectified from the system AC power, and the output voltage (V 3 ) of the storage battery are, for example, V 1 >V 2 >V If set to 3 , input of power from the grid AC power to the storage battery will stop while renewable energy is generated, and power will be input from the grid AC power to the storage battery when renewable energy stops. Thus, it is possible to always supply the DC power specified by the storage battery voltage to the load.
  • the storage battery may be, for example, a lead storage battery or a capacitor, as long as it is a secondary battery having a charge/discharge function, but a lithium ion storage battery is most suitable. In this case, in order to ensure the safety of the lithium ion storage battery, it is necessary to design so that overcharge and overdischarge states do not occur.
  • the V 1 and V 3 are set to the usable voltage range of the storage battery. By setting inside, it is possible to make a system in which overcharging and overdischarging hardly occur.
  • the DC power supply system is characterized in that the storage battery is used not as a storage of electric power but as a capacitor for smoothing the voltage.
  • the system AC power is used as a backup.
  • the rectifier for charging the storage battery from the system AC power is only a simple diode bridge. But in principle there is no problem.
  • a PFC circuit is used for rectification from the viewpoint of charging with a predetermined storage battery voltage and suppressing harmonics.
  • Figure 2 shows a typical PFC circuit.
  • the capacitor for voltage smoothing can be eliminated from the conventional PFC circuit described in claim 2, thus reducing the cost of the device and prolonging its life. Effective harmonic suppression can be achieved at the same time.
  • a reuse storage battery for vehicle can be used, which can contribute to cost reduction of the device and resource circulation.
  • This DC power supply system does not require a complicated battery management mechanism that is indispensable for ordinary lithium-ion storage batteries, and only needs the protection circuit to ensure the safety in the event of a power failure, etc., reducing the cost of the device. Can contribute to.
  • 4 is a photograph of a waveform showing the behavior of the voltage across the relay when a load is energized with a DC voltage of 105 V and a current of 1.0 A according to an experiment (FIG. 3) in an example of the present invention. It is a photograph of a waveform showing the behavior of the voltage across the relay when a DC voltage of 105 V and a current of 2.0 A were used in an experiment (FIG. 3) in an example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a DC/AC hybrid power system 100 that switches and supplies DC power and AC power using an existing AC wiring system.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a DC/AC hybrid power system 101 that switches and supplies DC power and AC power using an existing AC wiring system. It is a circuit diagram showing an existing AC device.
  • arc discharge of about several tens of milliseconds is not a big problem in practical use.
  • Fig. 5 shows the behavior of the voltage across the relay when a similar experiment was performed at a DC voltage of 105V and a current of 2.0A. In this case, it takes about 3.8 seconds from the contact opening to the end of energization, and the intense arc discharge is visually confirmed, and it is understood that the arc discharge is a major obstacle in opening the contact.
  • FIG. 7 shows the behavior of the voltage across the relay when the above experiment was performed at a DC voltage of 105 V and a current of 2.0 A. In this case, it takes about 5 milliseconds from the contact opening to the end of energization, and it can be seen that arc discharge is clearly suppressed as compared with FIG.
  • FIG. 8 shows the behavior of the voltage across the relay when the above-mentioned experiment was performed at a DC voltage of 105 V and a current of 8.3 A. Even in this case, it takes about 15 milliseconds from the contact opening to the end of energization.
  • the occurrence of arc discharge is significantly suppressed. I understand that
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a DC/AC hybrid power system 100 that switches and supplies DC power and AC power using an existing AC wiring system.
  • the DC/AC hybrid power system combines a switcher 2 that switches from the grid AC 10 with a PFC circuit 4 that receives the AC power from the grid power 10, a DC that is obtained from the PFC circuit 4, and a DC power that is obtained from the solar panel 20. And a DC balance 7 connected to the output terminal of the storage battery 6, and a DC switch 3 for switching the DC system.
  • the connector 5 includes a positive pole terminal and a negative pole terminal of DC power obtained from the PFC circuit 4, and a positive pole terminal and a negative pole terminal of DC power obtained from the solar panel 20, which are the same. It has a circuit configuration that connects the poles.
  • the storage battery 6 is a reuse storage battery of a lithium-ion storage battery that is installed in an EV (Electric Vehicle) or a PHV (Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle: a hybrid vehicle that can be charged from an external power source). May be deteriorated and the SOH, which is not suitable for power storage, may be deteriorated to about 70% or less.
  • the PFC circuit 4 can eliminate the smoothing capacitor shown by the dotted line from the general PFC circuit shown in FIG. 2, contributing to device cost reduction, device life extension, and effective harmonic suppression. To do.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a DC/AC hybrid power system 101 that switches and supplies DC power and AC power using an existing AC wiring system.
  • storage batteries 61 and 62 are connected in parallel to single-phase 100V of existing AC wiring.
  • the DC balance 7 of FIG. 9 can be omitted, and a power system that is not affected by the load balance can be obtained.
  • 200V cannot be used in this case.
  • the DC switches 71 and 72 may be DC switches attached to the reuse storage battery pack. Further, when the storage battery voltage is equal to the power supply voltage, the DC/DC converters 81 and 82 can be omitted.
  • unstable DC power with varying output such as photovoltaic power generation or DC power with varying voltage obtained from grid AC is used as stable DC power using a storage battery, and the existing AC wiring system is used. Can be utilized to supply the load.
  • a direct current system that maximizes the use of solar power will be used, and at night when power is not generated, existing grid AC power can be used as before.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of a switching power supply currently mainly used. This receives the AC 100V from the grid in the rectifier circuit and obtains a predetermined DC voltage by switching this, but even if DC 100V is input to such a converter, it will pass through the rectifier circuit. However, it operates without problems as in the case of AC power.
  • many of the current AC devices have a relatively wide voltage resistance, such as a withstand voltage of AC100V to 240V, so that they can cope with the power situation in foreign countries. Therefore, in principle, a DC input has a withstand voltage that is ⁇ 2 times the AC withstand voltage. Furthermore, it does not depend on the polarity at DC input.
  • unstable DC power whose output fluctuates due to renewable energy such as photovoltaic power generation, and DC power obtained from grid AC power are converted to stable DC power using a storage battery, and existing AC power is used. It is possible to realize an inexpensive and highly efficient power system which can be safely used by supplying it to a load by using a wiring system without generating arc discharge. Further, even when the DC stabilized power supply of unstable power by the storage battery of the present invention is used alone, the power conditioner, which becomes a bottleneck of the equipment price, can be eliminated from the conventional renewable energy use system, and the renewable power can be reproduced. It contributes to the improvement of the energy utilization rate and the reuse of the in-vehicle storage battery, and further, it is possible to provide an inexpensive emergency power supply system at the time of disaster.
  • the effects of the power system of the present invention can be summarized as follows. (1) Due to the miniaturized device configuration, it is possible to use the renewable energy (photovoltaic power generation, etc.) with high efficiency, while minimizing the DC/AC conversion loss and at low cost. (2) It is possible to reuse the onboard storage battery with low SOH. (3) A highly efficient DC power system can be safely, inexpensively, and smoothly introduced while utilizing existing social infrastructure based on AC power. (4) It is possible to provide an emergency power supply system at the time of disaster at low cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention transforme un courant continu instable généré par, par exemple, l'énergie renouvelable de, par exemple, la génération d'énergie solaire et ayant une sortie fluctuante et un courant continu obtenu à partir d'une alimentation en courant alternatif de système en un courant continu stable à l'aide d'une batterie de stockage et fournit le courant continu stable à une charge à l'aide d'un système de câblage à courant alternatif déjà existant, ce qui permet d'obtenir un système d'alimentation peu coûteux et hautement efficace qui peut être utilisé en toute sécurité sans apparition de décharge d'arc. L'alimentation en courant continu selon la présente invention lisse, en connectant une batterie de stockage en parallèle avec chaque circuit unique ou un circuit composite, les tensions continues instables générées par, par exemple, l'énergie renouvelable de, par exemple, la génération d'énergie solaire et ayant une sortie fluctuante et un courant continu obtenu par redressement du courant alternatif du système par un redresseur ou analogue et ayant une tension instable, fournissant ainsi un courant continu stable.
PCT/JP2019/003408 2019-01-31 2019-01-31 Alimentation électrique en courant continu et système d'alimentation WO2020157922A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2019/003408 WO2020157922A1 (fr) 2019-01-31 2019-01-31 Alimentation électrique en courant continu et système d'alimentation

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PCT/JP2019/003408 WO2020157922A1 (fr) 2019-01-31 2019-01-31 Alimentation électrique en courant continu et système d'alimentation

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2759009C1 (ru) * 2020-12-08 2021-11-08 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ" (ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ) Способ и система питания потребителей постоянного тока источником электроснабжения на основе возобновляемых энергоресурсов

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04308431A (ja) * 1991-04-02 1992-10-30 Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd 太陽光発電連系システムの制御法
JP2002153067A (ja) * 2000-11-08 2002-05-24 Origin Electric Co Ltd 高力率コンバータ及びその制御方法
JP2006254694A (ja) * 2002-08-01 2006-09-21 I Hitsutsu Kenkyusho:Kk 分散給電システム
JP2014171309A (ja) * 2013-03-04 2014-09-18 Honda Motor Co Ltd 平滑コンデンサ放電制御装置
JP2018050457A (ja) * 2017-10-26 2018-03-29 株式会社東芝 設備管理システム及び設備管理方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04308431A (ja) * 1991-04-02 1992-10-30 Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd 太陽光発電連系システムの制御法
JP2002153067A (ja) * 2000-11-08 2002-05-24 Origin Electric Co Ltd 高力率コンバータ及びその制御方法
JP2006254694A (ja) * 2002-08-01 2006-09-21 I Hitsutsu Kenkyusho:Kk 分散給電システム
JP2014171309A (ja) * 2013-03-04 2014-09-18 Honda Motor Co Ltd 平滑コンデンサ放電制御装置
JP2018050457A (ja) * 2017-10-26 2018-03-29 株式会社東芝 設備管理システム及び設備管理方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2759009C1 (ru) * 2020-12-08 2021-11-08 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ" (ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ) Способ и система питания потребителей постоянного тока источником электроснабжения на основе возобновляемых энергоресурсов

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