WO2020155782A1 - 空气压缩机 - Google Patents

空气压缩机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020155782A1
WO2020155782A1 PCT/CN2019/118860 CN2019118860W WO2020155782A1 WO 2020155782 A1 WO2020155782 A1 WO 2020155782A1 CN 2019118860 W CN2019118860 W CN 2019118860W WO 2020155782 A1 WO2020155782 A1 WO 2020155782A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
cylinder
air compressor
piston
valve plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/118860
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘丹华
顾金发
Original Assignee
苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 filed Critical 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Publication of WO2020155782A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020155782A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
    • F04B53/102—Disc valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F04B53/143—Sealing provided on the piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B53/162—Adaptations of cylinders

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air compressor.
  • the working principle of an air compressor is usually that a motor drives an eccentric transmission mechanism, which converts the rotational motion of the motor into a reciprocating motion of the piston, which causes the cylinder volume to change. Due to the change of the pressure in the cylinder, the air enters the cylinder through the air filter (muffler) through the intake port. During the compression stroke, due to the reduction of the cylinder volume, the compressed air passes through the exhaust valve and passes through the exhaust pipe. The valve enters the gas storage tank, and when the exhaust pressure reaches the rated pressure, it is controlled by the pressure switch and automatically stops. When the pressure of the gas storage tank drops to the preset pressure, the pressure switch is automatically connected and activated.
  • the commonly used air compressors on the market are nominally 30L air storage tanks.
  • the air supply time is usually more than 130S, and it takes a long time to refill the air storage tank with compressed air. This affects the work efficiency of users.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an air compressor with short air-gas time and high working efficiency.
  • an air compressor the air compressor includes: an air storage tank for storing compressed air; a housing; a compression unit housed in the housing for compressing the slave The air is sucked in from the outside and supplies the air to the air tank; the compression unit includes a cylinder and a piston arranged in the cylinder and slidingly fitted with the cylinder; a driving unit for driving the piston, the driving unit It includes a motor and a transmission mechanism, the motor is provided with a rotating shaft, and the transmission mechanism is used to convert the rotary motion of the rotating shaft into the reciprocating motion of the piston for compressing air.
  • the motor is a two-stage induction motor ,
  • the inner diameter of the cylinder ranges from 67.7mm to 72.7mm, and the stroke range of the piston is 13mm-20mm; so that the air compressor time is not more than 70 seconds.
  • the inner diameter of the cylinder ranges from 67.7 mm to 72.7 mm
  • the stroke range of the piston is 14 mm to 20 mm
  • the air compressor time is not more than 65 seconds.
  • the inner diameter of the cylinder ranges from 69.7 mm to 72.7 mm, and the stroke range of the piston is 13 mm to 20 mm; the air compressor time is not more than 60 seconds.
  • the inner diameter of the cylinder ranges from 69.7 mm to 72.7 mm
  • the stroke range of the piston is 14 mm to 20 mm
  • the air compressor time is not more than 55 seconds.
  • the piston includes a leather bowl, and the material of the leather bowl is polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the material of the cylinder is ceramic-plated aluminum parts, chrome-plated steel parts, or anode hardened aluminum parts.
  • a valve plate abuts against one end of the cylinder, and the minimum gap between the valve plate and the piston is defined as a top gap, and the range of the top gap is 0.2mm-0.8mm.
  • the range of the top clearance is 0.4mm-0.6mm.
  • a valve plate abuts against one end of the cylinder, the valve plate includes a first side surface facing the piston, and a groove is provided on the first side surface for receiving an intake valve plate, and the intake The valve plate is completely contained in the groove, and the distance from the first side surface is in the range of 0.5mm-0.7mm.
  • one end of the cylinder is abutted with a valve plate, and an intake valve plate is provided on the side of the valve plate facing the piston, and the piston includes a leather cup, and a valve connecting the leather cup and the transmission mechanism
  • a cup pressing plate is provided with a depression for at least partially accommodating the intake valve plate, and the depth of the depression is in the range of 0.5 mm to 1 mm.
  • the air compressor includes two compression units.
  • the housing includes a support portion accommodating the compression unit, a cylinder head is provided on the upper end of the support portion, and an air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the cylinder head.
  • the housing includes a support portion for accommodating the compression unit, the upper end of the support portion is provided with a cylinder head, and the support portion has an upper end close to the cylinder head and an opposite lower end, and the upper end is provided There is an air outlet.
  • an air compressor the air compressor includes: an air storage tank for storing compressed air; a casing; a compression unit housed in the casing for Compresses the air sucked in from the outside and supplies the air to the air storage tank; the compression unit includes a cylinder and a piston arranged in the cylinder and slidingly fitted with the cylinder; a driving unit for driving the piston, the
  • the drive unit includes a motor and a transmission mechanism, the motor is provided with a rotating shaft, and the transmission mechanism is used to convert the rotation of the rotating shaft into the reciprocating motion of the piston for compressing air.
  • the motor is a two-stage In the induction motor, the inner diameter of the cylinder ranges from 65.7 mm to 72.7 mm, and the stroke range of the piston is 14 mm to 20 mm; so that the air compressor time is not more than 70 seconds.
  • the air compressor of the present invention adopts a two-stage induction motor to match the rotation speed with the inner diameter of the cylinder and the stroke of the piston, which can improve the air efficiency without affecting the life of the air compressor, and at the same time, it will not be too much. Increase the cost of the whole machine to achieve a better balance of efficiency, cost and life.
  • Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the air compressor of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a partially exploded schematic view of the air compressor shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the air compressor shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 is a partial perspective view of the air compressor shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the air compressor shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of Fig. 5.
  • Figures 7a and 7b are a front view and a cross-sectional view of a cup plate.
  • Fig. 8 is a comparison diagram of the inner diameter of the cylinder of the air compressor shown in Fig. 1, the stroke of the piston, and the air time.
  • the air compressor involved in this embodiment may be single-cylinder or multi-cylinder, and is not limited to double-cylinder.
  • the air compressor 30 includes a housing 32, an air tank 34 for storing compressed air, a compression unit 36 housed in the housing 32, and a driving unit 38 for driving the compression unit 36, wherein the compression unit 36 It is used to compress air sucked from the outside and supply the air to the air tank 34.
  • the air compressor 30 is located in the orientation in which it will be used, and the terms “upward”, “downward”, “upper”, “lower”, “above”, “below”, “of” are used. "Down”, “right”, “left”, “front”, “rear” and similar terms. More specifically, the left, right, upper, and lower sides in FIG. 1 are the front, rear, upper, and lower sides of the air compressor 30.
  • the compressed air discharged from the compression unit 36 enters the air storage tank 34 through the exhaust valve 31, the exhaust pipe 33, and the one-way valve 35 (check valve).
  • the air storage tank 34 is nominally called a 30L air storage tank, which means that the air storage tank 34 can store about 30L of compressed air.
  • the gas tank 34 has a hollow cylindrical structure and extends along the longitudinal axis. In other words, the gas tank 34 extends in the front and rear directions.
  • the gas tank 34 has a closed axial end.
  • the gas storage tank 34 has a top, and a pair of brackets 42 are provided on the top for connecting the shell 32.
  • the gas tank 34 has a top front end and a top rear end. The top front end is provided with a handle 40, and the top rear end is provided with an auxiliary handle 41.
  • the gas storage tank 34 has a bottom front end and a bottom rear end.
  • the bottom front end is provided with a shock-proof rubber foot 44
  • the bottom rear end is provided with a pair of wheels 46.
  • Anti-vibration rubber feet 44 and a pair of wheels 46 are respectively located at three corners of the air compressor 30.
  • the shock-proof rubber feet 44 and a pair of wheels 46 can contact the ground to support the air compressor 30.
  • the shock-proof rubber feet 44 are kept away from the ground, and only the wheels 46 touch the ground, so that the air compressor 30 can be moved easily.
  • one anti-vibration rubber foot 44 and a pair of wheels 46 are provided.
  • two anti-vibration rubber feet 44 and one wheel can be provided; or two anti-vibration rubber feet 44 and wheels 46 are provided, so that the two rubber feet 44 and the two wheels 46 are located on the fourth side of the air compressor 30. Corners. When the air compressor 30 is installed on the ground, the two rubber feet 44 and the two wheels 46 can contact the ground respectively to support the air compressor 30.
  • a pressure switch 45 is also provided on the air storage tank 34, and the pressure switch 45 is used to control the opening or closing of the air compressor 30.
  • the air storage tank 34 In the air storage tank 34, compressed air of 6 to 10 kg/cm 2 is supplied through the exhaust pipe 33.
  • the air storage tank 34 is provided with a plurality of air outlets (not shown), and the air outlets are connected to the connector 43 via a pressure reducing valve (not shown) for supplying air to the pneumatic tool.
  • the relief valve has a maximum pressure at the outlet side of the compressed air, the pressure is set in advance, regardless of the pressure of the compressed air of the check valve 35, in the present embodiment, the maximum pressure reducing valve selection It is a predetermined value ranging from 6 to 8 kg/cm2. Therefore, the compressed air obtained from the air outlet of the pressure reducing valve has nothing to do with the pressure of the air storage tank 34, and can be selected according to needs, generally equal to or lower than the maximum pressure.
  • the air storage tank 34 is also provided with a pressure gauge (not shown), and the pressure gauge is used to monitor the pressure of the compressed air in the air storage tank 34.
  • the safety valve 47 is installed on the gas storage tank 34. When the pressure in the air tank 34 increases abnormally, the safety valve 47 ensures safety by allowing part of the air to escape to the outside.
  • the crankshaft produces rotational movement, drives the connecting rod to make the piston produce reciprocating movement, and causes the cylinder volume to change.
  • the air enters the cylinder through the air filter (muffler) through the intake valve.
  • the compressed air passes through the exhaust valve and passes through the exhaust pipe.
  • the valve (check valve) enters the gas storage tank, and when the exhaust pressure reaches the rated pressure, it is controlled by the pressure switch and automatically stops. When the pressure of the gas storage tank drops to a certain pressure, the pressure switch is automatically connected and activated.
  • the gas storage tank 34 is provided with a drainage device.
  • the drainage device includes a drainage outlet 48 and a drainage switch 50 provided on the gas storage tank 34. The user manually operates the drain switch 50 to selectively turn the drain switch 50 on and off. When the drain switch 50 is turned on, the waste water and compressed air stored in the air storage tank 34 can be discharged from the drain outlet 48.
  • the driving unit 38 for driving the compression unit 36 is located above the air storage tank 34.
  • the drive unit 38 is located at the approximate center of the air compressor 30 in the front/rear direction.
  • the driving unit 38 includes a motor 52 and a transmission mechanism 54.
  • the motor 52 includes a stator 56, a rotor 58 and a rotating shaft 60 connected to the rotor 58.
  • the axis X of the rotating shaft 60 is oriented in the front/rear direction, and the axis X of the rotating shaft 60 is parallel to the extending direction of the air tank 34.
  • Fans 62 are installed at both ends of the rotating shaft 60 for cooling the motor 52 and the compression unit 36.
  • the fan 62 is fixed to the rotating shaft 60 by pressing, bonding, or fitting, but the fixing method is not limited to this.
  • the rotation of the motor 52 drives the fan 62 to also rotate around the axis X, thereby cooling the motor 52 and the compression unit 36.
  • the power supply to the motor 52 may be an AC power source or a DC power source.
  • an AC power source is used, and the power cord and related circuits are omitted in the drawings.
  • the transmission mechanism 54 includes a crank 64 and a connecting rod 66.
  • the crank 64 includes a connecting hole 68 and a connecting boss 70.
  • the connecting hole 68 penetrates the connecting boss 70.
  • the center of the connecting hole 68 and the center of the connecting boss 70 are staggered.
  • the crank 64 is connected to the rotating shaft through the connecting hole 68.
  • the shaft 60 is fixedly connected.
  • the connecting rod 66 includes a connecting plate 72 and a connecting ring 74 respectively located at two ends, and the connecting ring 74 is sleeved on the connecting boss 70 through a bearing 76.
  • the inner ring of the bearing 76 is interference-fitted on the upper connecting boss 70; the connecting ring 74 is interference-fitted on the outer ring of the bearing 76.
  • the crank 64 also includes a counterweight 78.
  • the center of gravity of the counterweight 78, the center of gravity of the connecting boss 70, and the center of the connecting hole 68 are located on the same straight line.
  • the center of the counterweight 78 and the center of the connecting boss 70 are located at the center of the connecting hole 68.
  • the distance between the center of the weight 78 and the center line of the connecting hole 68 is greater than the distance between the center of the connecting boss 70 and the center line of the connecting hole 68, so that the lighter weight 78 can be better It balances the force given to the connecting boss 70 by the connecting rod 66, and reduces the wear of the bearing.
  • both ends of the rotating shaft 60 are fixedly connected with cranks 64, the rotation strokes of the two cranks 64 differ by 180°, and the balance weights 78 on the cranks 64 at both ends of the rotating shaft 60 are symmetrical about the center of the motor 52
  • the center is symmetrically distributed, and the motor 52 cooperates with two symmetrically distributed balance weights 78 to make the rotation more balanced.
  • the housing 32 includes two fixing parts 80 and two supporting parts 82.
  • the two fixing parts 80 both extend along the axis X of the rotating shaft 60 and are fixedly connected by screws 79 to accommodate at least part of the motor 52.
  • the rotating shaft 60 of the motor 52 is rotatably supported on the two fixed parts 80 through the bearing 84, and the two cranks 66 and the two fans 62 are respectively accommodated in the fixed parts 80.
  • the fixing portion 80 is provided with a fan cover 81 at the end close to the fan 62 for guiding the cooling air to enter and preventing contact with the fan 62.
  • the two fixing parts 80 are respectively mounted on a pair of brackets 42 on the gas tank 34 by fastening devices.
  • the two supporting parts 82 are formed integrally with the two fixing parts 80 respectively.
  • an integral structure can be understood as at least a connection between materials, such as a welding process, a bonding process, an injection molding process, etc.; or an integral molding, such as a casting, etc.
  • the fan cover 81 is provided with a number of air inlets (not numbered) along the axis X direction of the rotating shaft 60, the fixed portion 80 is provided with an air outlet 83 at the far end away from the fan 62, and the supporting portion 82 is located away from the fixed portion An air outlet 85 is provided at the distal end of 80.
  • the motor 52 is running, the fan 62 provided on the rotating shaft 60 generates an air flow substantially parallel to the axis X of the rotating shaft 60, thereby sucking in ambient air through the air inlet provided on the fan cover 81.
  • the cold air flowing parallel to the axis through the fan cover 81 flows into the fixed portion 80 axially along both ends of the rotating shaft 60.
  • a part of the cold air flows to the stator 56 and the rotor 58 through the transmission mechanism 54 for absorbing heat energy, and the hot air is then discharged from the air outlet 83 arranged far away from the fan 62.
  • a part of the cold air flows to the compression unit through the transmission mechanism 54 for absorbing heat energy, and the hot air is then discharged from the air outlet 85 provided on the support portion 82.
  • the air outlet 85 is arranged at the far end away from the fixing part 80, so that the compression unit 36 can be cooled better.
  • a gap between the fixed portion 80 and the motor 52. Specifically, a gap is provided between the fixed portion 80 and the stator 56. Part of the cold air circulates in the gap to absorb heat energy and is used to cool the motor. 52.
  • the driving unit 38 drives two compression units 36 at the same time.
  • the two supporting parts 82 both extend along the axis X perpendicular to the rotating shaft 60 and are used for accommodating two compression units 36.
  • the compression unit 36 includes a cylinder 86 housed in the support portion 82 and a piston 88 provided in the cylinder 86 and slidingly fitted with the cylinder.
  • the piston 88 is connected to the connecting plate 72 and is driven by the connecting rod 66 to reciprocate in the cylinder 86.
  • the piston 88 includes a cup 87 and a cup pressing plate 89 connecting the cup 87 and the transmission mechanism 54.
  • the cup 89 is installed on the connecting plate 72 through a cup pressing plate 89, and the connecting plate 72 is located at the tail end of the connecting rod 66.
  • the leather cup 87 is pressed from a polymer wear-resistant material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the material of the cylinder 86 is ceramic-plated aluminum parts, chrome-plated steel parts, or anode hardened aluminum parts, etc., which can guarantee the life and also have a good heat dissipation effect.
  • Two valve plates 90 are respectively connected to the two supporting parts 82. 2 and 3, specifically, a receiving groove 92 corresponding to the cylinder 86 is provided on the support portion 82, and a positioning groove 94 corresponding to the cylinder 86 is provided on the valve plate 90.
  • the valve plate 90 is provided with through holes 98 therethrough, the four corners of the top of the support portion 82 are provided with threaded holes 100, and the valve plate 90 and the support portion 82 are fixedly connected by screws.
  • the cylinder 86 is also installed in the receiving groove 92 of the supporting portion 82.
  • a sealing ring 96 is also provided between the positioning groove 94 and the cylinder 86.
  • the air compressor 30 also includes a cylinder head 102, and the cylinder head 102 is connected to the two valve plates 90. 2 and 5, the cylinder head 102 and the valve plate 90 are connected to form an intake chamber 101a and an exhaust chamber 101b (only one of the cylinder heads is shown).
  • the two cylinder heads 102 are both provided with an air inlet 103a communicating with the air inlet chamber 101a and an air outlet 103b communicating with the air outlet chamber 101b.
  • a sealing member 99 is also provided between the cylinder head 102 and the valve plate 90.
  • an air filter (muffler) 105 is also installed on the air inlet 103a, which can effectively filter and muffle sound.
  • the air outlet 103b is connected to the exhaust pipe 33 through the exhaust valve 31 to store compressed air in the air storage tank 34.
  • the valve plate 90 is provided with an intake valve hole 104 corresponding to the intake chamber 101a, an outlet valve hole 106 corresponding to the outlet chamber 101b, and corresponding control of the intake valve hole 104 and the outlet valve
  • the valve plate 90 has a first side surface 107a facing the piston 88 and a second side surface 107b facing away from the piston 88.
  • the inlet valve plate 108 is installed on the first side surface 107a; the outlet valve plate 110 is installed on the second side surface 107b.
  • a first fixing hole 114 for screw 112 connection is provided on the outlet valve plate 110, and a threaded hole 116 for screw 112 connection is provided on the second side surface 107b of the valve plate 90.
  • the screw 112 passes through the through hole on the valve plate pressure plate 111b, and the first fixing hole 114 on the outlet valve plate 110 is matched with the threaded hole 116, so that the outlet valve plate 110 is installed on the second side surface 107b;
  • a second fixing hole 115 for screw 113 connection is provided on 108, and a threaded hole 117 for screw 113 connection is provided on the first side surface 107a of the valve plate 90.
  • the screw 113 passes through the through hole on the valve plate pressing plate 111a, and the second fixing hole 115 on the intake valve plate 108 is matched with the threaded hole 117, so that the intake valve plate 108 is installed on the first side surface 107a.
  • the stroke range of the piston 88 is 13mm-20mm.
  • the head clearance is the smallest gap between the first side surface 107a of the valve plate 90 and the cup pressure plate 89.
  • the larger the head clearance the compressed air is not effectively discharged, which will affect the work efficiency; while the head clearance is too small, the cylinder jacking accident is likely to occur.
  • the range of head clearance can be controlled within 0.2mm-0.8mm.
  • the range of the top clearance can also be 0.4mm-0.6mm; or 0.5mm-0.6mm and so on.
  • a groove 109 may be provided on the first side surface 107a, and the groove 109 is used to receive the intake valve plate 108.
  • the intake valve plate 108 is completely received in the groove 109 and the distance from the first side surface 107a is in the range of 0.5mm-1mm.
  • the distance between the intake valve plate 108 and the first side surface 107a can also range from 0.5 mm to 0.7 mm.
  • the cup pressing plate 89 is provided with a recess 118 for at least partially accommodating the intake valve plate 108, and the depth of the recess 118 ranges from 0.5 mm to 1 mm.
  • the depth range of the recess 118 can also be 0.5 mm-0.7 mm.
  • an air pipe may be provided between the two cylinder heads 102 to communicate the two intake chambers 101a, and an air pipe may be provided to communicate the outlet chambers 101b of the two cylinder heads 102.
  • one cylinder head 102 is provided with an air inlet 103a communicating with the air inlet chamber 101a
  • the other cylinder head 102 is provided with an air outlet 103b communicating with the air outlet 101b.
  • the two-cylinder air compressor can also be provided with only one air inlet and one air outlet.
  • the piston 88 in one of the two cylinders 86 moves downward, that is, moves in the direction close to the rotating shaft 60, the pressure in the cylinder is lower than the intake chamber 101a, the corresponding intake valve plate 108 opens, and the cylinder head 102
  • the air intake 103a of the air intake port 103a enters the cylinder 86 through the air intake chamber 101a; and the piston 88 in the other cylinder moves upward, that is, moves away from the rotating shaft 60, so that the compressed air makes the pressure in the cylinder 86 far greater
  • the corresponding air outlet valve plate 110 opens, enters the air outlet 101b, and is discharged through the corresponding air outlet 103b of the cylinder head 102, and then is stored in the air storage tank 34 through the exhaust pipe 33.
  • the pistons 88 in the two cylinders 86 alternately compress air and store the compressed air in the air storage tank 34.
  • the current air compressors on the market generally use a four-stage induction motor with a speed of 1400rpm, a piston stroke of 13mm-18mm, an inner diameter of a cylinder of 63.7mm, and an air pressure time of more than 130 seconds. See Table 1 for details.
  • the two-stage induction motor takes 2840rpm as an example, and when the piston stroke of the air compressor is defined as 13mm and the inner diameter of the cylinder is 63.7mm, the cost of the whole machine is C and the volume is L.
  • the life span of the whole machine is 900 hours or more, which meets the standard.
  • the stroke of the piston is 22mm, the cost of the whole machine will increase by about 1.5 times; the volume will also increase by about 1.2 times. It can be seen that the stroke of the piston is 22mm and above. Although the air supply time is short, the cost is too high and the volume is relatively large.
  • the inner diameter of the cylinder is 74.7mm, and the corresponding overall machine cost will increase significantly. It can be seen that the inner diameter of the cylinder is 74.7mm and above, and the cost performance is low. If the inner diameter of the cylinder is too small or the stroke is too small, the air-gas efficiency will be very low. Only the matching of speed, inner diameter and stroke can improve the air efficiency without affecting the life of the air compressor and increasing the cost of the whole machine too much, thereby achieving a better balance of efficiency, cost and life.
  • the stroke of the piston is 13mm-20mm, and the inner diameter of the cylinder is 67.7mm-72.7mm, then the gas up time is usually not more than 70 seconds. In this way, the gas supply efficiency is high and the demand can be well met. At the same time, the cost can be controlled within a reasonable range.
  • the stroke range of the piston can also be 14mm-20mm; the inner diameter of the cylinder ranges from 65.7mm to 72.7mm, and the gas up time can also be less than 70 seconds.
  • the stroke of the piston can also be 13mm-20mm, and the inner diameter of the cylinder is 69.7mm ⁇ 72.7mm, so the gas up time is usually not more than 60 seconds.
  • the stroke of the piston can also be 14mm-20mm, and the inner diameter of the cylinder is 69.7mm ⁇ 72.7mm, so the gas up time is usually no more than 55 seconds.
  • Table 1 the air intake mode of the air compressor (single-in, single-out) will have an impact on the air efficiency, but the impact is small. Therefore, Table 2 only lists the air inlet mode as double inlet and double outlet, and does not list the air inlet mode as single inlet and single outlet, and the air compressor in the present invention is not limited to dual inlet and double outlet, single inlet and single outlet. The same applies to export.

Abstract

一种空气压缩机（30），空气压缩机（30）包括：储气罐（34），用于储存压缩空气；外壳（32）；压缩单元（36），收容于外壳（32）内，用于压缩从外部吸入的空气并且将空气供给到储气罐（34）；压缩单元（36）包括气缸（86）和设置在气缸（86）内并与气缸（86）滑动配合的活塞（88）；驱动单元（38），用于驱动所述活塞（88），驱动单元（38）包括马达（52）和传动机构（54），马达（52）设有旋转轴（60），传动机构（54）用于将旋转轴（60）的旋转运动转换为活塞（88）的往复运动，用于压缩空气，马达（52）为二级感应电机，气缸（86）的内径范围为67.7mm～72.7mm，活塞的行程范围为13mm‑20mm；从而使空气压缩机（30）的上气时间不大于70秒。该空气压缩机（30）的上气效率、成本、寿命达到较好的平衡。

Description

空气压缩机
本申请要求了申请日为2019年1月28日，申请号201910082947.4的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种空气压缩机。
背景技术
空气压缩机的工作原理通常为马达驱动偏心传动机构，该偏心传动机构将马达的旋转运动转化为活塞产生往复运动，引起气缸容积变化。由于气缸内压力的变化，通过进气口使空气经过空气滤清器(消声器)进入气缸，在压缩行程中，由于气缸容积的缩小，压缩空气经过排气阀的作用，经排气管，单向阀进入储气罐，当排气压力达到额定压力时由压力开关控制而自动停机。当储气罐压力降至预设压力时压力开关自动联接启动。
目前市场上常用的空气压缩机，标称为30L储气罐，上气时间通常在130S以上，需要较长的等待时间才能重新在储气罐充满压缩空气。如此影响了使用者的工作效率。
因此，实有必要开发出一种新的空气压缩机，以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种上气时间短，工作效率高的空气压缩机。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案是：一种空气压缩机，所述空气压缩机包括：储气罐，用于储存压缩空气；外壳；压缩单元，收容于所述外壳内，用于压缩从外部吸入的空气并且将空气供给到所述储气罐；所述压缩单元包括气缸和设置在所述气缸内并与气缸滑动配合的活塞；驱动单元，用于驱动所述活塞，所述驱动单元包括马达和传动机构，所述马达设有旋转轴，所述传动机构用于将所述旋转轴的旋转运动转换为所述活塞的往复运动，用于压缩空气，所述马达为二级感应电机，所述气缸的内径范围为67.7mm～72.7mm，活塞的行程范围为13mm-20mm；从而使所述空气压缩机的上气时间不大于70秒。
优选的，所述气缸的内径范围为67.7mm～72.7mm，活塞的行程范围为14mm-20mm；所述空气压缩机的上气时间不大于65秒。
优选的，所述气缸的内径范围为69.7mm～72.7mm，活塞的行程范围为13mm-20mm；所述空气压缩机的上气时间不大于60秒。
优选的，所述气缸的内径范围为69.7mm～72.7mm，活塞的行程范围为14mm-20mm；所述空气压缩机的上气时间不大于55秒。
优选的，所述活塞包括皮碗，所述皮碗的材料为聚四氟乙烯。
优选的，所述气缸的材料为铝件镀陶、钢件镀铬或铝件阳极硬化等。
优选的，所述气缸一端抵接有阀板，定义所述阀板和所述活塞之间的最小间隙为顶隙，所述顶隙的范围为0.2mm-0.8mm。
优选的，所述顶隙的范围为0.4mm-0.6mm。
优选的，所述气缸一端抵接有阀板，所述阀板包括面向所述活塞的第一侧面，在所述第一侧面上设有凹槽用于收容进气阀片，所述进气阀片完全收容于所述凹槽，且与所述第一侧面之间距离范围为0.5mm-0.7mm。
优选的，所述气缸一端抵接有阀板，所述阀板面向所述活塞的侧面上设有进气阀片，所述活塞包括皮碗、将所述皮碗与所述传动机构连接的皮碗压板，所述皮碗压板上设有至少部分收容所述进气阀片的凹陷，所述凹陷的深度范围为0.5mm-1mm。
优选的，所述空气压缩机包括2个所述压缩单元。
优选的，所述外壳包括收容所述压缩单元的支撑部，所述支撑部的上端设置有气缸盖，所述气缸盖上设有进气口和出气口。
优选的，所述外壳包括收容所述压缩单元的支撑部，所述支撑部的上端设置有气缸盖，所述支撑部具有靠近所述气缸盖的上端和相对设置的下端，在所述上端设置有出风口。
本发明解决上述技术问题的另一个技术方案是：一种空气压缩机，所述空气压缩机包括：储气罐，用于储存压缩空气；外壳；压缩单元，收容于所述外壳内，用于压缩从外部吸入的空气并且将空气供给到所述储气罐；所述压缩单元包括气缸和设置在所述气缸内并与气缸滑动配合的活塞；驱动单元，用于驱动所述活塞，所述驱动单元包括马达和传动机构，所述马达设有旋转轴，所述传动机构用于将所述旋转轴的旋转运动转换为所述活塞的往复运动，用于压缩空气，所述马达为二级感应电机，所述气缸的内径范围为65.7mm～72.7mm，活塞的行程范围为14mm-20mm；从而使所述空气压缩机的上气时间不大于70秒。
本发明的空气压缩机，通过采用二级感应电机，将转速和气缸的内径、活塞的行程匹配，即可以提高上气效率，又不会影响空气压缩机的寿命，同时，也不会太多地增加整机的成本，进而使效率、成本、寿命达到较好的平衡。
附图说明
图1为本发明空气压缩机的立体示意图。
图2为图1所示空气压缩机的部分立体分解示意图。
图3为图1所示空气压缩机的部分剖示图。
图4为图1所示空气压缩机的部分立体示意图。
图5为图1所示空气压缩机的部分剖示图。
图6为图5中局部放大图。
图7a和7b为皮碗压板的正视图和剖示图。
图8为图1所示空气压缩机的气缸的内径、活塞的行程与上气时间的比对示意图。
具体实施方式
本实施方式中涉及的空气压缩机，可以是单缸、多缸，并不局限于双缸。下面以双缸为例来描述。
请参见图1，空气压缩机30包括外壳32、用于储存压缩空气的储气罐34、收容于外壳32内的压缩单元36、用于驱动压缩单元36的驱动单元38，其中，压缩单元36用于压缩从外部吸入的空气并且将空气供给到储气罐34。在下面的描述中，假设该空气压缩机30位于它将被使用的方位，而使用术语“向上”、“向下”、“上部”、“下部”、“以上”、“以下”、“之下”、“右”、“左”、“前”、“后”以及类似术语。更具体地说，图1中的左侧、右侧、上侧和下侧是空气压缩机30的前侧、后侧、上侧和下侧。
压缩单元36排出的压缩空气经过排气阀31、排气管33、单向阀35(止回阀)进入储气罐34。储气罐34标称为30L储气罐，也就是说储气罐34可以存储约30L的压缩空气。储气罐34具有中空圆柱结构，沿纵轴延伸。换句话说，储气罐34沿前、后方向延伸。储气罐34具有闭合的轴向末端。
储气罐34具有顶部，其上设有一对支架42，用于连接外壳32。储气罐34具有顶部前端和顶部后端，顶部前端设有把手40，顶部后端设有辅助把手41。
储气罐34具有底部前端和底部后端，底部前端设置有一防震橡胶支脚44，底部后端设置有一对轮子46。防震橡胶支脚44和一对轮子46分别位于空气压缩机30的三个角。当空气压缩机30安装在地上时，防震橡胶支脚44和一对轮子46可与地面接触，用于支撑空气压缩机30。而当需要移动空气压缩机30时，只需拉动把手40，防震橡胶支脚44远离地面，仅轮子46接触地面，如此就可以轻松移动空气压缩机30。
在上述实施方式中，设置了1个防震橡胶支脚44和一对轮子46。但是防震橡胶支脚44也可以设置2个，轮子设置呈1个；或者是防震橡胶支脚44和轮子46均设置2个，如此两个橡胶支脚44和两个轮子46分别位于空气压缩机30的四个角。当空气压缩机30安装在地上时，两个橡胶支脚44和两个轮子46分别可与地面接触，用于支撑空气压缩机30。
继续参见图1，储气罐34上还设有压力开关45，该压力开关45用于控制空气压缩机30开启或关闭。
在储气罐34中，6到10kg/cm2的压缩空气通过排气管33来供给。该储气罐34设置有若干空气排出口(未图示)，该空气排出口经减压阀(未图示)连接到连接器43用于给气动工具供气。该减压阀在出口侧具有压缩空气的最大压力，该压力是预先设置的，与单向阀3 5的压缩空气的压力无关，在本实施例中，该减压阀中的最大压力选择的是范围从6到8kg/cm2的预定值。因此，从减压阀的空气排出口得到与储气罐34的压力无关的，可以根据需要选择，一般等于或低于最大压力的压缩空气。
该储气罐34上还设有压力表(未图示)，该压力表用于监测储气罐34的压缩空气的压力。
安全阀47安装在储气罐34上。当储气罐34中的压力不正常的增长，该安全阀47通过允许部分空气逸出到外界来确保安全。
使曲轴产生旋转运动，带动连杆使活塞产生往复运动，引起气缸容积变化。由于气缸内压力的变化，通过进气阀使空气经过空气滤清器(消声器)进入气缸，在压缩行程中，由于气缸容积的缩小，压缩空气经过排气阀的作用，经排气管，单向阀(止回阀)进入储气罐，当排气压力达到额定压力时由压力开关控制而自动停机。当储气罐压力降至一定压力时，压力开关自动联接启动。
进一步地，请参见图1，储气罐34上设有排水装置。排水装置包括设置 在储气罐34上排水出口48和排水开关50。使用者手动操作排水开关50从而可选择地打开和关闭排水开关50。当排水开关50打开时，保存在储气罐34中的废水和压缩空气能够从排水出口48放出。
请参见图2和图3，用于驱动压缩单元36的驱动单元38位于储气罐34上方。驱动单元38位于空气压缩机30在前/后方向上的大致中心处。驱动单元38包括马达52和传动机构54。马达52包括定子56、转子58和与转子58连接的旋转轴60，旋转轴60的轴线X定向为前/后方向，旋转轴60的轴线X与储气罐34的延伸方向平行。在旋转轴60的两末端均安装有风扇62，用于冷却马达52和压缩单元36。
具体的，通过压入、粘接或嵌合将风扇62固定于旋转轴60，但固定的方法并不局限于此。马达52旋转带动风扇62也围绕轴线X转动，从而冷却马达52和压缩单元36。
给马达52提供电力的可以是交流电源或直流电源。在本实施例中，采用交流电源，在附图中省略了电源线以及相关电路的图示。
传动机构54包括曲柄64和连杆66。具体的，曲柄64包括连接孔68和连接凸台70，连接孔68贯穿设置在连接凸台70上，连接孔68的中心和连接凸台70的中心错开设置，曲柄64通过连接孔68与旋转轴60固定连接。
连杆66包括分别位于两端的连接板72和连接环74，连接环74通过轴承76套接在连接凸台70。具体的，轴承76的内环过盈套接在上连接凸台70；连接环74过盈套接在轴承76的外环上。
曲柄64还包括一平衡块78，平衡块78的重心、连接凸台70的重心以及连接孔68的中心位于同一直线上，平衡块78的中心和连接凸台70的中心分别位于连接孔68的中心线的两侧，平衡块78的中心离连接孔68的中心线的距离大于连接凸台70的中心离连接孔68的中心线的距离，以使得重量较轻的平衡块78能更好的与连杆66给予连接凸台70的力形成平衡，减少了轴承的磨损。
在本实施例中，旋转轴60的两端均固定连接有曲柄64，两个曲柄64的转动行程相差180°，旋转轴60的两端的曲柄64上的平衡块78以马达52的中心为对称中心对称分布，马达52配合两个对称分布的平衡块78能使得转动更加平衡。
继续参见图2和图3，外壳32包括两个固定部80和两个支撑部82。在 本实施例中，两个固定部80均沿着旋转轴60的轴线X延伸，且通过螺钉79固定连接，用于收容至少部分马达52。具体的，马达52的旋转轴60通过轴承84可旋转地支撑在两个固定部80上，且两个曲柄66和两个风扇62均分别收容在固定部80内。固定部80在靠近风扇62的端部卡设有风扇罩81，用于引导冷却风的进入及阻止接触到风扇62。两个固定部80分别通过紧固装置安装在储气罐34上的一对支架42上。
两个支撑部82分别与两个固定部80一体地构成。在这里，一体地构成可以理解为至少材料之间地连接，如焊接工艺、粘接工艺、注塑工艺等；或为一体成型，如由一个铸件成型等等。
请参见图4，风扇罩81沿旋转轴60的轴线X方向上设置有若干进风口(未标号)，固定部80在远离风扇62的远端设有出风口83，支撑部82在远离固定部80的远端设有出风口85。马达52运行时，设置在旋转轴60上的风扇62产生基本平行于旋转轴60的轴线X的空气气流，由此，通过设置在风扇罩81上的进风口吸入周围空气。如图中箭头所示，由于风扇62的作用，平行于轴线通过风扇罩81流通的冷空气轴向地沿着旋转轴60的两端流入固定部80内。一部分冷空气经过传动机构54流向定子56和转子58，用于吸收热能，热空气再由设置在远离风扇62的远端的出风口83排出。一部分冷空气经过传动机构54流向压缩单元，用于吸收热能，热空气再由设置在支撑部82上的出风口85排出。出风口85设置在远离固定部80的远端，如此，可以更好的冷却压缩单元36。
而为了增大冷却效果，在固定部80和马达52之间也存在间隙，具体的，在固定部80和定子56之间设有间隙，一部分冷空气在间隙中流通吸收热能，用于冷却马达52。
在本实施例中，驱动单元38同时驱动两个压缩单元36。两个支撑部82均沿着垂直于旋转轴60的轴线X延伸，用于收容两个压缩单元36。请继续参见图2和图3，压缩单元36包括收容在支撑部82内的气缸86和设置在气缸86内并与气缸滑动配合的活塞88。活塞88与连接板72连接，由连杆66带动在气缸86内往复运动。由于两个曲柄64的转动行程相差180°，使两个气缸86内的活塞88作往复运动所派生的往复惯性力正好相反，降低振动和噪声，从而使空气压缩机获得了最好的减振效果。
在本实施例中，活塞88包括皮碗87、将皮碗87与传动机构54连接的 皮碗压板89。具体的，皮碗89通过皮碗压板89安装在连接板72上，连接板72位于连杆66的尾端部。皮碗87由高分子耐磨材料压制而成，如聚四氟乙烯。气缸86的材料为铝件镀陶、钢件镀铬或铝件阳极硬化等等，即可以保证寿命也可以具有良好的散热效果。
在两个支撑部82上分别连接有两个阀板90。请参见图2和图3，具体的，在支撑部82上设置有与气缸86相对应的收容槽92，在阀板90上设置有与气缸86相对应的定位槽94。在阀板90上设置有贯穿的通孔98，支撑部82顶部的四角设置有螺纹孔100，阀板90和支撑部82之间通过螺钉固定连接。如此，当阀板90被固定在支撑部82上，气缸86则也被安装在支撑部82的收容槽92内。当然，为了让气缸86有更好的密封性，在定位槽94和气缸86之间还设有密封圈96。
空气压缩机30还包括气缸盖102，在两个阀板90上均连接有气缸盖102。请参见图2和图5，气缸盖102和阀板90之间连接形成进气腔101a和出气腔101b(仅显示其中1个气缸盖)。在本实施例中，两个气缸盖102均设有连通进气腔101a的进气口103a和连通出气腔101b的出气口103b。
当然，为了让进气腔101a和出气腔101b有更好的密封性，在气缸盖102和阀板90之间还设有密封件99。
具体的，进气口103a上还安装有空气滤清器(消声器)105，可有效地进行过滤和消音。出气口103b通过排气阀31与排气管33连接，将压缩空气存入储气罐34内。
再结合图2和图6，阀板90上设置有与进气腔101a对应的进气阀孔104，与出气腔101b对应的出气阀孔106以及用于对应控制进气阀孔104、出气阀孔106通气的进气阀片108和出气阀片110。
阀板90具有面向活塞88的第一侧面107a和背向活塞88的第二侧面107b，进气阀片108安装在第一侧面107a上；出气阀片110安装在第二侧面107b上。
在出气阀片110上设置有用于螺钉112连接的第一固定孔114，在阀板90的第二侧面107b设置有用于螺钉112连接的螺纹孔116。螺钉112穿过阀板压板111b上的通孔、出气阀片110上的第一固定孔114与螺纹孔116配合，如此，将出气阀片110安装在第二侧面107b上；在进气阀片108上设置有用于螺钉113连接的第二固定孔115，在阀板90的第一侧面107a设置有用于 螺钉113连接的螺纹孔117。螺钉113穿过阀板压板111a上的通孔、进气阀片108上的第二固定孔115与螺纹孔117配合，如此，进气阀片108安装在第一侧面107a上。
在本实施例中，活塞88的行程范围为13mm-20mm。
为了防止活塞88不会直接撞击阀板90，在阀板90和活塞88之间必须留有一定的空隙，该最小空隙可定义为顶隙。在本实施例中，顶隙也就是阀板90的第一侧面107a和皮碗压板89之间的最小空隙。而顶隙越大其受压缩的空气不有效排出，则会影响工作效率；而顶隙太小则容易产生顶缸事故。而为了提高工作效率，以及避免产生顶缸事故，可以将顶隙的范围控制在0.2mm-0.8mm。当然，顶隙的范围还可以为0.4mm-0.6mm；或0.5mm-0.6mm等等。
在另一个实施例中，为了避免产生顶缸事故。可以在第一侧面107a上设有凹槽109，该凹槽109用于收容进气阀片108，进气阀片108完全收容于凹槽109，且与第一侧面107a之间的距离范围为0.5mm-1mm。当然，进气阀片108与第一侧面107a之间的距离范围也可以为0.5mm-0.7mm。
在另一个实施例中，为了避免产生顶缸事故。请参见图7a和7b，皮碗压板89上设有至少部分收容进气阀片108的凹陷118，凹陷118的深度范围为0.5mm-1mm。当然，凹陷118的深度范围也可以为0.5mm-0.7mm。
在另一实施例中，也可以在两个气缸盖102之间设置气管将两个进气腔101a连通，和设置气管将两个气缸盖102的出气腔101b连通。如此，其中一个气缸盖102上设置有连通进气腔101a的进气口103a，另一个气缸盖102上设置有连通出气腔101b的出气口103b。也就是说，双缸空气压缩机也可以只设置一个进气口和一个出气口。
下面将根据上述构造描述空气压缩机30的空气压缩操作。可参见图2、图3和图6，当马达52启动时，带动两个曲柄64做偏心旋转运动，从而导致两个连杆66在各自的气缸86内往复运动。而由于两个曲柄64的转动行程相差180°，从而使两个气缸86内的活塞88作正好相反往复运动。如两个气缸86中的一个气缸内的活塞88向下移动，即靠近旋转轴60的方向移动，该气缸内的压强小于进气腔101a，所对应的进气阀片108打开，气缸盖102的进气口103a进气，再经由进气腔101a进入气缸86中；而另一个气缸内的活塞88向上移动，即远离旋转轴60的方向移动，如此压缩空气，使气缸86 内的压远大于出气腔101b时，所对应的出气阀片110打开，进入出气腔101b，并通过所对应的气缸盖102的出气口103b排出，再经由排气管33存入储气罐34内。以此类推，两个气缸86中的活塞88交替压缩空气，并将压缩空气存入至储气罐34内。
目前市面上的空气压缩机，一般采用四级感应电机，其转速为1400rmp，活塞的行程为13mm-18mm，气缸的内径为63.7mm，而上气时间通常在130秒以上。具体可参见表一。
表一：
Figure PCTCN2019118860-appb-000001
上表中列举了市面上几款主流的空气压缩机，理论上讲，对于无油空气压缩机而言，储气罐的容量一定的情况下，空气压缩机的转速越高，其排气量越大，上气效率也会越高。但是也并非是仅通过增加空气压缩机的转速，就可以提高上气效率，另外还需考虑气缸的内径、活塞的行程以及空气压缩机的寿命和成本。之所以市面上空气压缩机几乎都是采用四级感应电机，而没有采用二级感应电机的，这是因为仅通过增加转速，而不考虑气缸的内径、活塞的行程与其匹配，并不能导致必然的上气效率的提升，而且还容易导致烧机。只有气缸的内径、活塞的行程与电机的转速匹配，才能使效率、成本、寿命达到较好的平衡。具体可参见表二。
表二：
Figure PCTCN2019118860-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2019118860-appb-000003
表二中，二级感应电机以2840rmp为例，且定义空气压缩机的活塞行程为13mm，气缸的内径为63.7mm时，整机成本为C，体积L。参照图8和表二可知，整机的寿命均在900小时及以上，符合标准。而活塞的行程为22mm时，其整机成本会增加约1.5倍；体积也会增加1.2约倍，可见，活塞的行程为22mm及以上，虽然上气时间较短，但成本过高，体积较大；而对于活塞不同的行程，气缸的内径为74.7mm，相应的整机成本都会明显增加，由此可见，气缸的内径为74.7mm及以上，性价比较低。而气缸的内径过小或行程过小，上气效率也会很低。只有转速、内径及行程匹配，才可以即提高上气效率，又不会影响空气压缩机的寿命和使整机成本增加过多，进而使效率、成本、寿命达到较好的平衡。
对于二级感应电机(转速在2700rmp-3000rmp)，活塞的行程为13mm-20mm，气缸的内径为在67.7mm～72.7mm，则上气时间通常不大于70秒。如此，上气效率高，可以很好的满足需求。且同时成本也可以控制在合理的范围内。
当然，对于二级感应电机(转速在2700rmp-3000rmp)，也可以是活塞的行程范围为14mm-20mm；气缸的内径范围为65.7mm～72.7mm，也可以使上气时间不大于70秒。
由上表可示，对于二级感应电机(转速在2700rmp-3000rmp)，活塞的行程为14mm-20mm，气缸的内径为在67.7mm～72.7mm，则上气时间通常不大于65秒。如此，上气效率高，可以很好的满足需求。且同时成本也可以控制在合理的范围内。
活塞的行程还可以为13mm-20mm，气缸的内径为在69.7mm～72.7mm，则上气时间通常不大于60秒。
活塞的行程还可以为14mm-20mm，气缸的内径为在69.7mm～72.7mm，则上气时间通常不大于55秒。
通过表一可知，空气压缩机的进气方式(单进单出)会对上气效率有影响，但影响很小。因此，表二中仅列举了进气方式为双进双出，并未列出进气方式为单进单出，而本发明中的空气压缩机并不限定为双进双出，单进单出也同样适用。
虽然已经详细示出和描述了本发明的具体实施方式以说明本发明的原理，但是应当理解，在不偏离这些原理的情况下，本发明可以以其他方式实施。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种空气压缩机，其特征在于：所述空气压缩机包括：
    储气罐，用于储存压缩空气；
    外壳；
    压缩单元，收容于所述外壳内，用于压缩从外部吸入的空气并且将空气供给到所述储气罐；所述压缩单元包括气缸和设置在所述气缸内并与气缸滑动配合的活塞；
    驱动单元，用于驱动所述活塞，所述驱动单元包括马达和传动机构，所述马达设有旋转轴，所述传动机构用于将所述旋转轴的旋转运动转换为所述活塞的往复运动，用于压缩空气，所述马达为二级感应电机，所述气缸的内径范围为67.7mm～72.7mm，活塞的行程范围为13mm-20mm；从而使所述空气压缩机的上气时间不大于70秒。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的空气压缩机，其特征在于：所述气缸的内径范围为67.7mm～72.7mm，活塞的行程范围为14mm-20mm；所述空气压缩机的上气时间不大于65秒。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的空气压缩机，其特征在于：所述气缸的内径范围为69.7mm～72.7mm，活塞的行程范围为13mm-20mm；所述空气压缩机的上气时间不大于60秒。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的空气压缩机，其特征在于：所述气缸的内径范围为69.7mm～72.7mm，活塞的行程范围为14mm-20mm；所述空气压缩机的上气时间不大于55秒。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的空气压缩机，其特征在于：所述活塞包括皮碗，所述皮碗的材料为聚四氟乙烯。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的空气压缩机，其特征在于：所述气缸的材料为铝件镀陶、钢件镀铬或铝件阳极硬化等。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的空气压缩机，其特征在于：所述气缸一端抵接有阀板，定义所述阀板和所述活塞之间的最小间隙为顶隙，所述顶隙的范围为0.2mm-0.8mm。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的空气压缩机，其特征在于：所述顶隙的范围为0.4mm-0.6mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的空气压缩机，其特征在于：所述气缸一端抵接有阀板，所述阀板包括面向所述活塞的第一侧面，在所述第一侧面上设有凹槽用于收容进气阀片，所述进气阀片完全收容于所述凹槽，且与所述第一侧面之间距离范围为0.5mm-0.7mm。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的空气压缩机，其特征在于：所述气缸一端抵接有阀板，所述阀板面向所述活塞的侧面上设有进气阀片，所述活塞包括皮碗、将所述皮碗与所述传动机构连接的皮碗压板，所述皮碗压板上设有至少部分收容所述进气阀片的凹陷，所述凹陷的深度范围为0.5mm-1mm。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的空气压缩机，其特征在于：所述空气压缩机包括2个所述压缩单元。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的空气压缩机，其特征在于：所述外壳包括收容所述压缩单元的支撑部，所述支撑部的上端设置有气缸盖，所述气缸盖上设有进气口和出气口。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的空气压缩机，其特征在于：所述外壳包括收容所述压缩单元的支撑部，所述支撑部的上端设置有气缸盖，所述支撑部具有靠近所述气缸盖的上端和相对设置的下端，在所述上端设置有出风口。
  14. 一种空气压缩机，其特征在于：所述空气压缩机包括：
    储气罐，用于储存压缩空气；
    外壳；
    压缩单元，收容于所述外壳内，用于压缩从外部吸入的空气并且将空气供给到所述储气罐；所述压缩单元包括气缸和设置在所述气缸内并与气缸滑动配合的活塞；
    驱动单元，用于驱动所述活塞，所述驱动单元包括马达和传动机构，所述马达设有旋转轴，所述传动机构用于将所述旋转轴的旋转运动转换为所述活塞的往复运动，用于压缩空气，所述马达为二级感应电机，所述气缸的内径范围为65.7mm～72.7mm，活塞的行程范围为14mm-20mm；从而使所述空气压缩机的上气时间不大于70秒。
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