WO2020155634A1 - 平转复合式建筑振动控制系统 - Google Patents

平转复合式建筑振动控制系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020155634A1
WO2020155634A1 PCT/CN2019/105643 CN2019105643W WO2020155634A1 WO 2020155634 A1 WO2020155634 A1 WO 2020155634A1 CN 2019105643 W CN2019105643 W CN 2019105643W WO 2020155634 A1 WO2020155634 A1 WO 2020155634A1
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Prior art keywords
control unit
plate
rail
control system
driver
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2019/105643
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张春巍
王昊
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Qingdao University of Technology
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Qingdao University of Technology
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Priority to US16/930,281 priority Critical patent/US10889982B2/en
Publication of WO2020155634A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020155634A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • E04H9/023—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising rolling elements, e.g. balls, pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/03—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/18—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using electric, magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B1/00—Frameworks, boards, panels, desks, casings; Details of substations or switching arrangements
    • H02B1/54—Anti-seismic devices or installations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • E04H9/0215—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings involving active or passive dynamic mass damping systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2222/00—Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
    • F16F2222/06—Magnetic or electromagnetic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of vibration suppression in a system, and in particular, to a horizontal-rotation composite building vibration control system.
  • the structure will vibrate under the action of these dynamic loads, which will generally cause Fatigue and reliability problems can cause structural damage and failure in severe cases, causing casualties and property losses.
  • dynamic loads such as earthquakes
  • the structure will collapse and be damaged and cannot be used anymore, or even if the structure has not collapsed, the internal equipment, decoration, and installation system cannot be used after being damaged. , And even cause secondary disasters, which caused huge safety threats and economic property losses to users.
  • vibration control technology has been rapidly developed in recent years. Not only in the field of civil engineering, vibration control technology is also a hot spot in the fields of aerospace, automotive, machinery, marine engineering, and military engineering.
  • vibration control technology is also a hot spot in the fields of aerospace, automotive, machinery, marine engineering, and military engineering.
  • properly installing vibration control devices in the structure can effectively reduce the dynamic response of the structure, reduce structural damage or fatigue damage, so as to meet people's needs for structural safety and comfort, and achieve safety, economy, and safety. Reasonable balance of reliability.
  • a large number of studies have shown that the application of vibration control technology in civil engineering has significant effects and important significance. It can not only prevent or reduce structural damage, improve the disaster prevention performance of the structure, ensure the safety of people’s lives and properties, but also extend the life of the structure. Reduce the maintenance cost of the structure, and greatly meet people's requirements for the comfort of the structure under extreme conditions.
  • the structure vibration control technology of civil engineering is mainly divided into the following four aspects: active control, passive control, semi-active control and hybrid control.
  • active control passive control
  • passive control technology has been relatively mature.
  • the devices used for passively tuned energy absorption mainly include tuned mass dampers and tuned liquid dampers, etc., which have been applied in many civil engineering structures.
  • the principle of TMD control is to make the sub-structure resonate with the main structure by adjusting the frequency of the sub-structure, that is, the damper, and the main structure, that is, the controlled structure, and dissipate the vibration energy of the main structure through the internal damping mechanism of the sub-structure, thereby reducing the main structure Dynamic response to achieve the purpose of vibration control.
  • the movement form of the structure has complex and diverse characteristics, usually composed of a combination of translation and torsion swing.
  • the TMD system when used to control the swing of the suspension quality system, it is found that when the suspension direction of the structure is consistent with the direction of the swing motion, the TMD system can play an effective control role regardless of the initial offset or the simple harmonic load excitation input;
  • the TMD system is used for the shimmy control of the structure in another direction, that is, when the suspension direction of the structure and its shimmy movement direction are perpendicular to each other, no matter how to adjust the system parameters (such as structure pendulum length, control device position, etc.), the TMD system will not work.
  • the application of existing structural vibration control devices in the field of civil engineering has an indispensable role, and it is of great significance to protect the lives and properties of structural users.
  • the existing structural vibration control devices/systems mainly exhibit the following deficiencies: First, the translational TMD control device can only control the translational motion of the structure and is invalid for the control of the swing vibration; second, the translational AMD control Although the device can control the swing vibration, the control efficiency is extremely low and cannot meet the requirements of use; third, the passive moment of inertia tuned damper is effective for the control of the swing vibration movement, but it requires complex frequency modulation for the structure itself. Complicated structures have low control efficiency, poor effect, low robustness, low controllability, and small application range.
  • the present invention was produced under this background.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a pan-rotation composite building vibration control system to solve the failure of the prior art translational TMD to control the swing vibration motion; the translational AMD control efficiency is low and the effect is poor; the passive tuning moment of inertia Damper control is suitable for the problems of low robustness, complex frequency modulation technology, and small application range.
  • the present invention uses the actual movement of the structure, the AMD movement of the control device and the rotation of the moment of inertia to provide suitable forces acting on the controlled structure. , Can control both the translational vibration form and the torsional shimmy vibration form to achieve the purpose of vibration control.
  • a pan-rotation composite building vibration control system which includes a translation control unit and a rotation control unit; the translation control unit is installed on the controlled structure, and the rotation control unit is installed above the translation control unit;
  • the translation control unit mainly includes a fixed base, a track plate I, a moving plate I, a track plate II, and a moving plate II;
  • the main power rail I is opened on the rail plate I, and the two sides of the main power rail I are respectively provided with auxiliary rails I and Auxiliary rail III,
  • main power rail II is opened on track plate II, auxiliary rail II and auxiliary rail IV are opened on both sides of main power rail II, and the lower surfaces of moving plate I and moving plate II are matched with the guide rail
  • the track plate I is installed on the fixed base, the track plate I is equipped with a moving plate I through the cooperation of the sliding block, and the track plate II is fixed on the moving plate I.
  • the guide rail direction of the track plate II is perpendicular to the guide rail direction of the track plate I , Track plate II is installed with moving plate II through cooperation with the slider;
  • the rotation control unit includes a force transmission base, a driver, a reducer, an output shaft, a moment of inertia plate, and a flange; the force transmission base is fixed above the moving plate II, and a driver is fixed on the force transmission base.
  • the driver is mainly a stepping motor or a servo Motor; the reducer is fixed on the drive, the reducer is connected with the output shaft, and the output shaft is connected with the moment of inertia disk through the flange.
  • Sensors are installed on the controlled structure to detect the movement state of the controlled structure.
  • limit blocks are installed at both ends of the rail plate I to limit the movement range of the moving plate I; the two ends of the rail plate II are also equipped with limit blocks to limit the movement range of the moving plate II.
  • coils and high-strength permanent magnets are arranged in the main power rail I and the main power rail II; coils are arranged in the slider, and the linear motor is used to drive the slider to move in the track.
  • main power guide rail I and the main power guide rail II are provided with power-off devices for cutting off the power supply of the entire translation control unit in an emergency.
  • a grating ruler is installed in the auxiliary rail I and the auxiliary rail II for measuring and feeding back the linear displacement of the moving plate I or the moving plate II.
  • a row of positioning holes are linearly opened on the bottom surfaces of the auxiliary guide rail III and the auxiliary guide rail IV.
  • the positioning holes are arranged in the same direction as the track direction.
  • the corresponding positions of the movable plate I and the movable plate II are provided with retractable positioning pins. Compatible with the positioning hole, the expansion and contraction of the positioning pin is controlled by hydraulic components.
  • the moment of inertia disc is a disc or ring with a certain mass.
  • the upper end of the force transmission base is provided with a slot
  • the encoder of the rotation control unit is installed in the slot
  • the encoder is connected with the end of the driver
  • the driver is coaxially connected with the reducer and the encoder.
  • controller which is connected with the sensor, the driver, and the encoder connected to the end of the driver.
  • the present invention combines translational control and torsional vibration control technology, so that the control device can be installed on a controlled structure to exert the dual control effect of translational and rotational movement;
  • the present invention adopts active control technology and uses the mode of multiple units to cooperate to ensure the control effect to the greatest extent, the control force is controllable, and different control effects can be realized according to needs;
  • the system adopts a driver and a linear driver to realize the output of control force without the need for a complicated frequency modulation design process. At the same time, it also gets rid of the problem of inability to achieve control due to technical limitations of frequency modulation, and has a wider application range;
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a front view of the structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the translation control unit
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of track plate I
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of track plate II
  • FIG. 1 Fixed base; 2. Rail plate I; 21. Main power rail I; 22. Auxiliary rail I; 23. Auxiliary rail III; 3. Moving plate I; 4. Rail Plate II; 41. Main power rail II; 42, auxiliary rail II; 43, auxiliary rail IV; 5. Moving plate II; 6, force transmission base; 7, driver 8, reducer; 9, output shaft; 10. rotation Inertia plate; 11. Flange plate; 12 limit block; 13, power-off device; 14, grating ruler; 15, limit locking rail.
  • the pan-rotation composite building vibration control system of the present invention includes a translation control unit and a rotation control unit; the translation control unit is installed on the controlled structure, and the rotation control is installed above the translation control unit unit;
  • the translational control unit mainly includes a fixed base 1, a track plate I2, a moving plate I3, a track plate II4, and a moving plate II5; there is a main power guide rail I21 on the rail plate I, and auxiliary guide rails I22 on both sides of the main power guide rail I.
  • the main power rail II41 is opened on the rail plate II and the auxiliary rail II42 and the auxiliary rail IV43 are respectively opened on the two sides of the main power rail II.
  • the lower surfaces of the moving plate I and the moving plate With the matching slider, the track plate I is installed on the fixed base, the track plate I is installed with a movable plate I through the cooperation of the slider, and the movable plate I is fixed on the track plate II.
  • the guide rail direction of the track plate II is the guide rail direction of the track plate I Vertical, the track plate II is installed with the moving plate II through cooperation with the sliding block;
  • the rotation control unit includes a force transmission base 6, a driver 7, a reducer 8, an output shaft 9, a moment of inertia disk 10, and a flange plate 11.
  • the force transmission base is fixed on the moving plate II, and the drive is fixed on the force transmission base. It is a stepping motor or a servo motor; a reducer is fixed on the drive, and the reducer is connected with an output shaft, and the output shaft is connected with a moment of inertia disk through a flange; the moment of inertia disk is a disc or ring with a certain mass.
  • An encoder is installed on the rotation control unit, and a sensor is installed on the controlled structure. Depending on the structure and movement form, the selection of the sensor is different, and the arrangement position is different. The sensor needs to ensure that the horizontal acceleration and swing of the structure can be collected. Vibration angular acceleration and other data.
  • Limit blocks 12 are installed at both ends of the track plate I to limit the movement range of the moving plate I; the two ends of the track plate II are also fitted with limit blocks to limit the movement range of the moving plate II.
  • Coils and high-strength permanent magnets are arranged in the main power rail I and the main power rail II; coils are arranged in the slider, and the linear motor is used to drive the slider to move in the track.
  • the main power rail I and the main power rail II are provided with a power-off device 13 in the track, which is used to cut off the power supply of the entire translation control unit in an emergency.
  • a grating ruler 14 is installed in the auxiliary rail I and the auxiliary rail II to measure and feed back the linear displacement of the moving plate I and the moving plate II.
  • a row of positioning holes 15 are linearly opened on the bottom surface of the auxiliary guide rail III and auxiliary guide rail IV.
  • the arrangement direction of the positioning holes is consistent with the track direction.
  • the corresponding positions of the movable plate I and the movable plate II are provided with retractable positioning pins.
  • the hydraulic component is controlled, and the translation control unit is fixed when there is no vibration or only when the control unit needs to be rotated.
  • the present invention also includes a controller.
  • the controller is connected with the sensor, the driver and the encoder connected at the end of the driver to control the driving direction and speed of the inertia disk by the driver.
  • the control and transmission part is the prior art and involves simple signal transmission And processing functions.
  • the horizontal-rotation composite building vibration control system of the present invention can simultaneously realize the composite control of structural translational vibration and torsional vibration.
  • the rotation control unit is fixed above the translational control unit, and the translational control unit is installed on the controlled structure. , Can control the common translational vibration of the structure, and can also play a control role when the structure occurs torsional shimmy vibration.
  • the rotation control unit plays a role in controlling the torsional shimmy form and also serves as the mass block of the translational control unit.
  • the unit is also used as the force transmission support of the rotation control unit. When the rotation control unit is working, the rotation control force generated by the system is applied to the structure through the translation control unit to exert the control effect.
  • the force of the system drives the moment of inertia through the rotation control unit drive Rotation of the disc produces torsional vibration control force.
  • the translation control unit drives the entire mass of the swing control unit to generate horizontal control forces in two directions.
  • the torsional vibration control force is mainly transmitted to the fixed base through the force transmission base and acts on the controlled structure.
  • the horizontal control force directly acts on the controlled structure through the fixed base.
  • the sensor transmits the vibration signal to the controller, and the controller makes a judgment on the vibration state.
  • the vibration state is in the form of torsional oscillating motion, it controls the driver to drive the rotational inertia disc, and the rotational inertia disc rotates
  • the acceleration of the rotation generates a force, which acts on the force transmission base, which is fed back to the controlled structure through the translation control unit, thereby controlling the vibration of the controlled structure and weakening the torsional shimmy movement in the vibration.
  • the driver sends a signal to the translation control unit.
  • the slider at the lower end of the moving plate I and the moving plate II accelerates or decelerates in the main power rail I or the main power rail II.
  • the grating ruler measures and feeds back the position of the moving plate I or moving plate II in real time.
  • the controller controls the moving speed and acceleration of the moving plate I or moving plate II in real time.
  • the reaction force generated by the movement of the moving plate I and moving plate II is flat.
  • the internal vibration is reduced.
  • the rotation control unit serves as the mass of the translation control unit to assist the movement of the translation control unit and provide the controlled structure with a reaction force that weakens the plane vibration.
  • the translation control unit and the rotation control unit can simultaneously actively control the plane vibration and rotation of the controlled structure, and at the same time weaken the plane vibration and rotation of the controlled structure.
  • the translation control unit does not need to move, the hydraulic component controls the positioning pin to extend, the positioning pin is stuck in the positioning hole, and the moving plate I and the moving plate II are locked, and the translation control unit fixed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及系统中振动的抑制领域，具体而言，涉及一种平转复合式建筑振动控制系统，其包括平动控制单元以及旋转控制单元；平动控制单元安装在被控结构上，平动控制单元上方安装转动控制单元；平动控制单元主要包括固定底座、轨道板Ⅰ、移动板Ⅰ、轨道板Ⅱ、移动板Ⅱ；转动控制单元包括传力底座、驱动器、减速器、出力轴、转动惯量盘、法兰盘；本发明既可以控制平动振动形式也可以控制扭转摆振振动形式，达到振动控制的目的，解决了平动TMD对回转摆振运动控制失效、平动AMD控制效率低、效果较差；被动调谐转动惯量阻尼器控制适用鲁棒性低、调频技术复杂、适用范围小的问题。

Description

平转复合式建筑振动控制系统 技术领域
本发明涉及系统中振动的抑制领域，具体而言，涉及一种平转复合式建筑振动控制系统。
背景技术
近年来，随着经济的发展和社会的进步，人们对生活空间的要求也不断提高，国家在基础设施方面的投入不断增大。高速公路、铁路、桥梁、高层建筑、大跨度空间结构等不断兴建。除此之外，人们还探索开发更广阔的空间，向“深海”、“深空”探索，海洋平台、宇宙空间站等结构也发展迅速。这些空间结构，在施工以及后期运行使用过程中，都不可避免地受到各种荷载的作用，包括静荷载和动荷载。在结构的使用过程中，对结构影响较大的往往是动载作用，如地震、风、浪、流、冰、爆炸等，结构在这些动力荷载的作用下会产生振动，一般情况下会引起疲劳与可靠性问题，严重时会造成结构的破坏失效，造成人员伤亡及财产损失。结构在使用过程中，遭受动载作用后，如地震作用，结构产生倒塌破坏，无法继续使用，或者即使结构没有倒塌，但其内部的设备设施、装饰装修、安装系统受到破坏之后也无法继续使用，甚至造成次生灾害，这给使用人员造成了巨大的安全威胁和经济财产损失。
另一方面，随着经济的发展和技术的不断进步，人们对结构的要求已不再仅仅局限于可用，还在结构安全性、耐久性等方面提出了更高的要求。人们在结构的使用过程中，结构物不仅需要确保人们的生命安全，还需要满足人们对舒适度等方面的要求。如，高层结构在风荷载作用下，会产生振动，在没有减隔震措施的情况下，处于高层的使用者会感到结构物的晃动，风力较大的情况下，结构物内部的设备设施甚至会受到由结构物振动引起的破坏，这不仅无法满足人们对结构物的舒适要求，也对经济财产造成威胁。
为了解决由结构物振动引起的各种问题，消除或减轻由外部荷载引起的振动，振动控制技术近年来得到了迅速的发展。不仅是在土木工程领域，振动控制技术在航空航天、汽车、机械、海洋工程、军事工程等领域也是热点方向。对于土木工程结构，在结构中恰当地安装振动控制装置能够有效地减轻结构的 动力响应，减轻结构的破坏或者疲劳损伤，从而满足人们对结构的安全、舒适等需求，达到安全性、经济性、可靠性的合理平衡。大量研究表明，振动控制技术在土木工程的应用具有显著的效果和重要的意义，不仅可以防止或减轻结构的破坏，提高结构的防灾性能，保证人们的生命财产安全，还可以延长结构寿命，降低结构的维护成本，极大限度的满足人们对结构在极端条件下的舒适度要求。
土木工程结构振动控制技术主要分为以下四个方面：主动控制、被动控制、半主动控制以及混合控制。其中，被动控制技术的研究已经较为成熟，其中用于被动调谐吸能的装置主要包括调谐质量阻尼器和调谐液体阻尼器等，已经在诸多土木工程结构中得到了应用。TMD控制的原理是通过调整子结构即阻尼器的频率与主结构即受控结构一致或相近，使子结构与主结构共振，通过子结构内部阻尼机制耗散主结构振动能量，从而消减主结构动力响应，达到振动控制的目的。大量的研究和实际应用已经表明，例如：美国波士顿60层的John Hancock大楼、马来西亚吉隆坡的双子塔、中国台北101大楼均安装了TMD振动控制装置，通过在后期的应用证明了被动控制TMD系统具有稳定、良好的控制效果。
结构的运动形式具有复杂多样的特性，通常由平动以及扭转摆动组合而成。然而采用TMD系统控制悬吊质量体系摆动问题时发现：当结构悬挂方向与其摆振运动方向一致时，无论是在初始偏移还是简谐荷载激励输入下，TMD系统都能发挥有效的控制作用；当把TMD系统用于结构另一个方向摆振控制即当结构悬挂方向与其摆振运动方向相互垂直时，无论怎样调整系统参数(如结构摆长、控制装置位置等)，TMD系统始终无法工作。经过大量的理论分析和试验探索，提出了平动TMD控制装置只能控制结构的平动运动而对回转摆振控制无效的结论。经过学者的研究表明，其根本原因在于此时TMD、TLD等被动控制装置处于离心状态而失去作用，系统质量块(或TLD水箱中的水)根本不运动，甚至主动质量阻尼器/驱动器(英文名Active Mass Damper/Driver，AMD)，控制装置主动控制力因需要克服质量块重力分量而使其控制效率大大折扣。然而具有回转摆振运动特性的结构运动形式极为常见，如：不规则建筑在风荷载作用下的扭转摆振；悬吊结构的摆动；海洋平台在海浪、风、冰等耦合作用下的扭转摆振等。因此需要设计一种特殊的结构振动/运动控制装置，使其可以自 动克服(或摆脱)重力场对控制装置自身的影响(离心力作用)，或者使控制装置自身的工作/运动规律与重力场解耦，系统自振不受重力影响，以上两个方面均可以达到使控制装置充分运动起来的目的，从而发挥控制装置对结构振动的有效控制作用。
综上所述，现有的结构振动控制装置在土木工程领域的应用具有不可或缺的作用，并且对保障结构使用者的生命和财产具有非常重要的意义。但是现有的结构振动控制装置/系统主要表现出以下几方面的不足：第一，平动TMD控制装置只能控制结构的平动运动而对回转摆振控制无效；第二，平动AMD控制装置虽然可以控制回转摆振，但是控制效率极低，无法满足使用要求；第三，被动转动惯量调谐阻尼器对回转摆振运动控制有效，但是其需要针对结构自身进行复杂的调频，对某些复杂结构控制效率较低，效果不佳，存在鲁棒性低，可控性低，适用范围小等缺点。
本发明就是在这样的背景下产生的。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种平转复合式建筑振动控制系统，以解决现有技术中平动TMD对回转摆振运动控制失效；平动AMD控制效率低、效果较差；被动调谐转动惯量阻尼器控制适用鲁棒性低、调频技术复杂、适用范围小的问题，本发明通过结构的实际运动情况，控制装置的AMD运动以及转动惯量旋转，从而提供合适的作用于受控结构上的力，既可以控制平动振动形式也可以控制扭转摆振振动形式，达到振动控制的目的。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用以下的技术方案：
一种平转复合式建筑振动控制系统，其包括平动控制单元以及旋转控制单元；平动控制单元安装在被控结构上，平动控制单元上方安装转动控制单元；
平动控制单元主要包括固定底座、轨道板Ⅰ、移动板Ⅰ、轨道板Ⅱ、移动板Ⅱ；轨道板Ⅰ上开有主动力导轨Ⅰ，主动力导轨Ⅰ的两侧分别开有辅助导轨Ⅰ和辅助导轨Ⅲ，轨道板Ⅱ上开有主动力导轨Ⅱ，主动力导轨Ⅱ的两侧分别开有辅助导轨Ⅱ和辅助导轨Ⅳ，移动板Ⅰ和移动板Ⅱ的下表面均带有与导轨相配合的滑块，轨道板Ⅰ安装在固定底座上，轨道板Ⅰ通过滑块的配合安装有移动 板Ⅰ，移动板Ⅰ上面固定轨道板Ⅱ，轨道板Ⅱ的导轨方向与轨道板Ⅰ的导轨方向垂直，轨道板Ⅱ通过与滑块的配合安装有移动板Ⅱ；
转动控制单元包括传力底座、驱动器、减速器、出力轴、转动惯量盘、法兰盘；传力底座固定在移动板Ⅱ上方，传力底座上固定有驱动器，驱动器主要为步进电机或者伺服电机；驱动器上固定减速器，减速器与出力轴连接，出力轴通过法兰盘连接转动惯量盘。
被控结构上安装有传感器，用于检测被控结构的运动状态。
进一步的，轨道板Ⅰ的两端安装有限位块，用于限制移动板Ⅰ的运动范围；轨道板Ⅱ的两端也安装有限位块，用于限制移动板Ⅱ的运动范围。
进一步的，主动力导轨Ⅰ和主动力导轨Ⅱ内设置线圈以及高强永磁铁；滑块内设有线圈，利用线性电机的原理驱动滑块在轨道内运动。
进一步的，主动力导轨Ⅰ和主动力导轨Ⅱ的轨道内设置有断电装置，用于紧急情况下切断整个平动控制单元的电力供应。
进一步的，辅助导轨Ⅰ和辅助导轨Ⅱ中安装有光栅尺，用于测量和反馈移动板Ⅰ或者移动板Ⅱ的直线位移。
进一步的，辅助导轨Ⅲ和辅助导轨Ⅳ的底面上线性开有一列定位孔，定位孔排列方向与轨道方向一致，移动板Ⅰ以及移动板Ⅱ的对应位置上设置有可伸缩定位销，定位销尺寸与定位孔相适应，定位销的伸缩由液压元件控制。
进一步的，所述转动惯量盘为一定质量的圆盘或圆环。
进一步的，传力底座上端开有槽，转动控制单元的编码器安装在槽内，编码器与驱动器末端连接，驱动器与减速器、编码器同轴相连。
进一步的，还包括控制器，控制器与传感器、驱动器以及连接在驱动器末端的编码器相连接。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
(1)本发明结合平动控制和扭转摆振控制技术，使得控制装置可以安装在受控结构上，发挥平动及转动双重控制效果；
(2)本发明采用主动控制技术，利用多个单元相配合的模式，最大程度的保证了控制的效果，控制力可控，可以根据需要实现不同的控制效果；
(3)该系统采用驱动器及直线驱动器，实现控制力的输出，无需进行复杂的调频设计过程，同时也摆脱了由于调频的技术限制而无法实现控制的问题，适用范围更广；
(4)该系统具有更大的鲁棒性，不受结构形式变化以及外部荷载作用的变化而使控制效果受到过大影响。
附图说明
图1是本发明整体结构示意图；
图2是本发明结构前视图；
图3是平动控制单元结构示意图；
图4是轨道板Ⅰ结构示意图；
图5是轨道板Ⅱ结构示意图；
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：1、固定底座；2、轨道板Ⅰ；21、主动力导轨Ⅰ；22、辅助导轨Ⅰ；23、辅助导轨Ⅲ；3、移动板Ⅰ；4、轨道板Ⅱ；41、主动力导轨Ⅱ；42、辅助导轨Ⅱ；43、辅助导轨Ⅳ；5、移动板Ⅱ；6、传力底座；7、驱动器8、减速器；9、出力轴；10、转动惯量盘；11、法兰盘；12限位块；13、断电装置；14、光栅尺；15、限位锁紧轨。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1-5所示，本发明所述的平转复合式建筑振动控制系统包括平动控制单元以及旋转控制单元；平动控制单元安装在被控结构上，平动控制单元上方安装转动控制单元；
平动控制单元主要包括固定底座1、轨道板Ⅰ2、移动板Ⅰ3、轨道板Ⅱ4、移动板Ⅱ5；轨道板Ⅰ上开有主动力导轨Ⅰ21，主动力导轨Ⅰ的两侧分别开有辅助导轨Ⅰ22和辅助导轨Ⅲ23，轨道板Ⅱ上开有主动力导轨Ⅱ41，主动力导轨Ⅱ的两侧分别开有辅助导轨Ⅱ42和辅助导轨Ⅳ43，移动板Ⅰ和移动板Ⅱ的下表面均带有与导轨相配合的滑块，轨道板Ⅰ安装在固定底座上，轨道板Ⅰ通过滑块的配合安装有移动板Ⅰ，移动板Ⅰ上固定轨道板Ⅱ，轨道板Ⅱ的导轨方向与轨道板Ⅰ的导轨方向垂直，轨道板Ⅱ通过与滑块的配合安装有移动板Ⅱ；
转动控制单元包括传力底座6、驱动器7、减速器8、出力轴9、转动惯量盘10、法兰盘11；传力底座固定在移动板Ⅱ上方，传力底座上固定有驱动器，驱动器主要为步进电机或者伺服电机；驱动器上固定减速器，减速器与出力轴连接，出力轴通过法兰盘连接转动惯量盘；所述转动惯量盘为一定质量的圆盘或圆环。
转动控制单元上安装有编码器，被控结构上安装有传感器，根据结构形式以及运动形式的不同，传感器的选用不同，布置位置也不同，传感器需要保证可以采集到结构的水平方向加速度、回转摆振摆角加速度等数据。
轨道板Ⅰ的两端安装有限位块12，用于限制移动板Ⅰ的运动范围；轨道板Ⅱ的两端也安装有限位块，用于限制移动板Ⅱ的运动范围。
主动力导轨Ⅰ和主动力导轨Ⅱ内设置线圈以及高强永磁铁；滑块内设有线圈，利用线性电机的原理驱动滑块在轨道内运动。
主动力导轨Ⅰ和主动力导轨Ⅱ的轨道内设置有断电装置13，用于紧急情况下切断整个平动控制单元的电力供应。
辅助导轨Ⅰ和辅助导轨Ⅱ中安装有光栅尺14，用于测量和反馈移动板Ⅰ、移动板Ⅱ的直线位移。
辅助导轨Ⅲ和辅助导轨Ⅳ的底面上线性开有一列定位孔15，定位孔排列方向与轨道方向一致，移动板Ⅰ以及移动板Ⅱ的对应位置上设置有可伸缩定位销，定位销的伸缩由液压元件控制，在平时没有振动或者只需要转动控制单元动作的时候将平动控制单元固定。
传力底座上平面开有槽，槽内安装有编码器，编码器与驱动器末端连接，驱动器与减速器、编码器同轴相连。
本发明还包括控制器，控制器与传感器、驱动器以及连接在驱动器末端的编码器相连接，控制驱动器对转动惯量盘的驱动方向以及转速，控制以及传输部分为现有技术，涉及简单的信号传输以及处理功能。
本发明的使用过程如下所述：
本发明所述的平转复合式建筑振动控制系统能够同时实现对结构平动振动及扭转摆振的复合控制，转动控制单元固定在平动控制单元上方，平动控制单元安装在被控结构上，既可以控制结构常见的平动振动，又可以在结构发生扭转摆振振动时起控制作用，转动控制单元发挥扭转摆振形式控制作用的同时还 作为平动控制单元的质量块，平动控制单元又作为转动控制单元的传力支座，转动控制单元工作时，系统产生的转动控制力通过平动控制单元作用到结构上，发挥控制效果，系统的作用力通过转动控制单元驱动器带动转动惯量盘发生回转转动产生扭转摆振控制力，平动控制单元带动摆动控制单元整个质量体产生水平两个方向控制力，扭转摆振控制力主要通过传力底座传递给固定底座作用在被控结构上，水平控制力直接通过固定底座作用在被控结构上。
当被控结构发生振动的时候，传感器将振动信号传递给控制器，控制器对振动状态做出判断，当振动状态为扭转摆振运动形式的时候，控制驱动器驱动转动惯量盘，转动惯量盘回转转动的加速度产生作用力，作用在传力底座上，通过平动控制单元反馈给受控结构，进而对受控结构的振动产生控制作用，削弱振动当中的扭转摆振运动，
针对平面内的振动，则驱动器传送信号给平动控制单元，利用线性电机的原理，移动板Ⅰ以及移动板Ⅱ下端的滑块在主动力导轨Ⅰ或者主动力导轨Ⅱ内做加速或者减速运动，光栅尺对移动板Ⅰ或者移动板Ⅱ的位置实时测量并反馈，控制器对移动板Ⅰ或者移动板Ⅱ的运动速度和加速度实时控制，移动板Ⅰ、移动板Ⅱ的运动产生的反作用力将平面内的振动削减，此时转动控制单元作为平动控制单元的质量块，辅助平动控制单元的动作，为被控结构提供削弱平面振动的反作用力。
平动控制单元以及转动控制单元可以同时对被控结构的平面振动和转动进行主动控制，同时削弱被控结构的平面振动和转动。
当被控结构仅存在扭转摆动动作的时候，平动控制单元无需动作，液压元件控制定位销伸长，定位销卡在定位孔中，将移动板Ⅰ以及移动板Ⅱ锁死，平动控制单元固定。
当然，上述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例，不能被认为用于限定对本发明的实施例范围。本发明也并不仅限于上述举例，本技术领域的普通技术人员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的均等变化与改进等，均应归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种平转复合式建筑振动控制系统，其特征在于，包括平动控制单元以及旋转控制单元；平动控制单元安装在被控结构上，平动控制单元上方安装转动控制单元；
    平动控制单元主要包括固定底座(1)、轨道板Ⅰ(2)、移动板Ⅰ(3)、轨道板Ⅱ(4)、移动板Ⅱ(5)；轨道板Ⅰ(2)上开有主动力导轨Ⅰ(21)，主动力导轨Ⅰ(21)的两侧分别开有辅助导轨Ⅰ(22)和辅助导轨Ⅲ(23)，轨道板Ⅱ(4)上开有主动力导轨Ⅱ(41)，主动力导轨Ⅱ(41)的两侧分别开有辅助导轨Ⅱ(42)和辅助导轨Ⅳ(43)，移动板Ⅰ(3)和移动板Ⅱ(5)的下表面均带有与导轨相配合的滑块，轨道板Ⅰ(2)安装在固定底座(1)上，轨道板Ⅰ(2)通过滑块的配合安装有移动板Ⅰ(3)，移动板Ⅰ(3)上面固定轨道板Ⅱ(4)，轨道板Ⅱ(4)的导轨方向与轨道板Ⅰ(2)的导轨方向垂直，轨道板Ⅱ(4)通过与滑块的配合安装有移动板Ⅱ(5)；
    转动控制单元包括传力底座(6)、驱动器(7)、减速器(8)、出力轴(9)、转动惯量盘(10)、法兰盘(11)，传力底座(6)固定在移动板Ⅱ(5)上方，传力底座(6)上固定有驱动器(7)，驱动器(7)主要为步进电机或者伺服电机；驱动器(7)上固定减速器(8)，减速器(8)与出力轴(9)连接，出力轴(9)通过法兰盘(11)连接转动惯量盘(10)；
    被控结构上安装有传感器，用于检测被控结构的运动状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的平转复合式建筑振动控制系统，其特征在于，轨道板Ⅰ(2)的两端安装有限位块(12)，用于限制移动板Ⅰ(3)的运动范围；轨道板Ⅱ(4)的两端也安装有限位块(12)，用于限制移动板Ⅱ(5)的运动范围。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的平转复合式建筑振动控制系统，其特征在于，主动力导轨Ⅰ(21)和主动力导轨Ⅱ(41)内设置线圈以及高强永磁铁；滑块内设有线圈，利用线性电机的原理驱动滑块在轨道内运动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的平转复合式建筑振动控制系统，其特征在于，主动力导轨Ⅰ(21)和主动力导轨Ⅱ(41)的轨道内设置有断电装置(13)，用于紧急情况下切断整个平动控制单元的电力供应。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的平转复合式建筑振动控制系统，其特征在于，辅助导轨Ⅰ(22)和辅助导轨Ⅱ中安装有光栅尺(14)，用于测量和反馈移动板Ⅰ(3)或者移动板Ⅱ(5)的直线位移。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的平转复合式建筑振动控制系统，其特征在于，辅助导轨Ⅲ(23)和辅助导轨Ⅳ(43)的底面上线性开有一列定位孔(15)，定位孔(15)排列方向与轨道方向一致，移动板Ⅰ(3)以及移动板Ⅱ(5)的对应位置上设置有可伸缩定位销，定位销与定位孔相配合，定位销的伸缩由液压元件控制。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的平转复合式建筑振动控制系统，其特征在于，所述转动惯量盘(10)为一定质量的圆盘或圆环。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的平转复合式建筑振动控制系统，其特征在于，传力底座(6)上平面开有槽，槽内安装有编码器，编码器与驱动器(7)末端连接，驱动器(7)与减速器(8)、编码器同轴相连。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的平转复合式建筑振动控制系统，其特征在于，还包括控制器，控制器与传感器、驱动器(7)以及连接在驱动器(7)末端的编码器相连接。
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