WO2020155607A1 - 一种pcr基座及pcr仪 - Google Patents

一种pcr基座及pcr仪 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020155607A1
WO2020155607A1 PCT/CN2019/100901 CN2019100901W WO2020155607A1 WO 2020155607 A1 WO2020155607 A1 WO 2020155607A1 CN 2019100901 W CN2019100901 W CN 2019100901W WO 2020155607 A1 WO2020155607 A1 WO 2020155607A1
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Prior art keywords
pcr
base
well plate
hole spacing
block
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PCT/CN2019/100901
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
聂尚海
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莫纳（苏州）生物科技有限公司
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Application filed by 莫纳（苏州）生物科技有限公司 filed Critical 莫纳（苏州）生物科技有限公司
Priority to US17/043,525 priority Critical patent/US20210245161A1/en
Priority to DE112019001071.9T priority patent/DE112019001071T5/de
Publication of WO2020155607A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020155607A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L7/00—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices
    • B01L7/52—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices with provision for submitting samples to a predetermined sequence of different temperatures, e.g. for treating nucleic acid samples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/04—Closures and closing means
    • B01L2300/046—Function or devices integrated in the closure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
    • B01L2300/0829—Multi-well plates; Microtitration plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/18—Means for temperature control
    • B01L2300/1805—Conductive heating, heat from thermostatted solids is conducted to receptacles, e.g. heating plates, blocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/18—Means for temperature control
    • B01L2300/1838—Means for temperature control using fluid heat transfer medium
    • B01L2300/185—Means for temperature control using fluid heat transfer medium using a liquid as fluid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of biological detection, in particular to a PCR base and a PCR instrument.
  • PCR Polymerase chain reaction
  • PCR is a molecular biology technique used to amplify specific DNA fragments. PCR is to use DNA that denatures and becomes single-stranded at a high temperature of 95°C in vitro. At low temperatures (usually around 60°C), the primers and single-strands are combined according to the principle of base complementary pairing, and then the temperature is adjusted to the optimal reaction temperature for DNA polymerase. (Around 72°C), DNA polymerase synthesizes a complementary chain along the direction of phosphoric acid to five-carbon sugar.
  • the implementation of PCR generally requires a PCR instrument to control the temperature and heating time of each reaction stage.
  • the PCR instrument In order to prevent the test solution from volatilizing upward in the high-temperature PCR reaction, the PCR instrument generally covers the hot cover unit above the test solution orifice plate to reduce the volatilization of the test solution at the upper temperature.
  • PCR well plates are usually made of plastic, and PCR well plates will expand greatly after being heated, and the PCR base used to place PCR well plates is generally made of metal, which has a very small thermal expansion rate, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the hole on the base 91 restricts the tube wall of the PCR orifice plate 92.
  • the PCR orifice plate 92 After the PCR orifice plate 92 is thermally expanded, the PCR orifice plate 92 cannot extend along the plane and forms an arched state in the middle, which causes the upper thermal cover 93 to not fully connect with the PCR orifice plate.
  • the upper surface of 92 is fully contacted, which affects the heating effect, causes uneven heating of each hole of the PCR well plate, causes the evaporation of the PCR reaction solution, and affects the accuracy of the PCR detection result.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a PCR base and a PCR machine.
  • the hole spacing of the PCR well plate extends from d 0 to the hole spacing d 1 close to the PCR base after being heated.
  • the PCR base hole groove no longer restricts the expansion and elongation of the PCR well plate.
  • the surface of the PCR well plate is flat, and the upper thermal cover can be well placed on the surface of the PCR well plate to prevent the evaporation of the test solution in the PCR well plate.
  • Cross-contamination improves the uniformity of heating of each hole of the PCR well plate and improves the accuracy of PCR detection.
  • the thermal expansion compensation value ⁇ d ⁇ T*s*d 0 , where ⁇ T is the temperature difference value, ⁇ T takes a value of 20-80K, s is the thermal expansion coefficient of the PCR orifice material, and s takes a value of (30-250)* 10 -6 mm/K.
  • the hole spacing d 1 of the PCR base takes the value: (1+0.06%)d 0 ⁇ d 1 ⁇ (1+2%)d 0 .
  • a PCR instrument including:
  • the PCR well plate is placed on the PCR base;
  • An upper heating unit which includes a thermal cover and a heating element, the heating element is used to heat the thermal cover, and during the PCR reaction, the thermal cover is arranged on the surface of the PCR well plate;
  • the lower temperature control unit is arranged below the PCR base, and the lower temperature control unit is used for temperature control of the PCR base.
  • the PCR well plate will no longer be deformed when heated, and the thermal cover can better match the surface of the PCR well plate.
  • it also includes a first driving mechanism for driving the upper heating unit to go up and down.
  • a support block is provided on the PCR base at a position corresponding to the edge below the lip of the PCR orifice, the bottom of the support block is provided with a vertical guide post, and the PCR base is provided with The guide hole matched with the vertical guide post also includes a second driving mechanism that drives the support block to move up and down.
  • the second driving mechanism includes an inclined plane block, a horizontally arranged screw pair and a drive motor, the support block is installed on the inclined plane of the inclined plane block, and the inclined plane block is connected with the nut of the screw pair, so The drive motor drives the lead screw of the lead screw pair to rotate.
  • the second drive mechanism lifts up the support block, the PCR well plate is supported on the support block by the lip of the side, and the PCR well plate is not completely placed in the well groove of the PCR base This effectively prevents the PCR orifice plate from being installed on the PCR base before it is heated and expanded.
  • the second driving mechanism drives the support block to move down, and the tube body of the PCR orifice plate Smoothly enter the hole of the PCR base
  • the first driving mechanism drives the thermal cover to be placed on the surface of the PCR well plate to perform the PCR reaction; after the PCR reaction is completed, the first drive mechanism drives the thermal cover to move up, and the second The driving mechanism then drives the support block to move up, jacking up the PCR well plate, facilitating the removal of the PCR well plate, and also preventing the tube body from getting stuck in the well groove of the PCR base after the PCR well plate is cooled and contracted.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the thermally deformed PCR well plate in the prior art
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1-PCR well plate 1-PCR well plate; 2-PCR base; 3-upper heating unit; 31-heat cover; 32-heating element; 4-lower temperature control unit; 41-cooling plate; 42-water cooling plate; 5-support block; 51-Vertical guide post; 6-Second drive mechanism; 61-Slope block; 62-Lead screw pair; 63-Drive motor; 91-PCR base; 92-PCR well plate; 93-heat cover.
  • one embodiment of the present invention is: a PCR base 2 comprising a metal block body, the metal block body is provided with a plurality of holes for accommodating the tube body of the PCR orifice plate Grooves; at room temperature 22 ⁇ 2°C, the hole spacing of PCR base 2 is greater than the hole spacing of PCR well plate 1.
  • the hole spacing of PCR well plate 1 is d 0
  • the hole spacing of PCR base 2 is d 1
  • d 1 d 0 + ⁇ d, where ⁇ d is the thermal expansion compensation value.
  • the beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that during the PCR reaction, after the PCR well plate is heated, its hole spacing extends from d 0 to the hole spacing d 1 close to the PCR base.
  • the PCR base hole groove no longer restricts the expansion and elongation of the PCR well plate.
  • the surface of the PCR well plate is flat, and the upper thermal cover can be well placed on the surface of the PCR well plate to prevent the evaporation of the test solution in the PCR well plate.
  • Cross-contamination improves the uniformity of heating of each hole of the PCR well plate and improves the accuracy of PCR detection.
  • the thermal expansion compensation value ⁇ d ⁇ T*s*d 0 , where ⁇ T is the temperature difference value, ⁇ T takes a value of 20 to 80K, s is the thermal expansion coefficient of the PCR orifice material, and s takes Value (30 ⁇ 250)*10 -6 mm/K.
  • the hole spacing d 1 of the PCR base 2 takes a value of: (1+0.06%)d 0 ⁇ d 1 ⁇ (1+2%)d 0 . According to the expansion rate of commonly used materials of PCR orifice plates and a large number of trial experiments, a broadly applicable thermal expansion compensation value is obtained, which can effectively eliminate the deformation of the PCR orifice plate by heating while taking into account the versatility of the PCR base.
  • the hole spacing d 0 9mm
  • the hole spacing d 1 of the PCR base suitable for 96-well plates is set to be 9.03-9.22mm.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient is 30*10 -6 mm/K
  • the temperature difference value ⁇ T is 20K
  • the hole spacing is d 0 at room temperature 22 ⁇ 2°C. It is 4.5mm
  • the hole spacing d 1 of the PCR base suitable for the 384-well plate is 4.5027-4.55mm.
  • a PCR machine includes:
  • PCR base 2 a PCR well plate (not shown in Figure 5) is placed on the PCR base 2, and the hole spacing of the PCR base 2 is greater than the hole spacing of the PCR well plate;
  • the upper heating unit 3 includes a thermal cover 31 and a heating element 32.
  • the heating element 32 is used to heat the thermal cover 31.
  • the thermal cover 31 is covered on the surface of the PCR well plate;
  • the lower temperature control unit 4 is arranged under the PCR base 2, and the lower temperature control unit 4 is used for temperature control of the PCR base 2.
  • the beneficial effect of adopting the above technical scheme is that the PCR well plate is no longer deformed when heated, and the thermal cover can better match the surface of the PCR well plate.
  • the lower temperature control unit 4 can be air-cooled or water-cooled for temperature control. As shown in FIG. 5, the lower temperature control unit 4 includes a cooling plate 41 and a water-cooling plate 42. The upper surface of the cooling plate 41 is attached to the bottom surface of the PCR base 2. The lower surface of the cooling fin 41 is attached to the upper surface of the water-cooling plate 42, and circulating cooling liquid flows in the water-cooling plate 42.
  • the beneficial effect of adopting the above technical scheme is that the water cooling method can increase the temperature control speed and improve the efficiency of the PCR experiment.
  • the PCR machine further includes a first driving mechanism (not shown) for driving the upper heating unit up and down; the PCR base 2 corresponds to the under the lip of the PCR well plate 1
  • a support block 5 is provided at the side position.
  • the bottom of the support block 5 is provided with a vertical guide post 51.
  • the PCR base 2 is provided with a guide hole that matches the vertical guide post 51. It also includes a second supporting block 5 to move up and down.
  • the second driving mechanism 6 includes an inclined plane block 61, a horizontally arranged lead screw 62 and a drive motor 63, the support block 5 is installed on the inclined surface of the inclined plane block 61, the inclined plane block 61 is connected with the nut of the lead screw 62 , The drive motor 63 drives the screw of the screw pair 62 to rotate.
  • the beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is: before the PCR orifice plate 1 is placed, the second driving mechanism 6 drives the inclined plane block 61 to translate inward, the inclined surface of the inclined plane block 61 lifts the support block 5, and the PCR orifice plate 1 is placed on it and leaned against it. The edge lip is supported on the support block 5.
  • the tube body of the PCR well plate 1 is not in full contact with the wells of the PCR base 2 (the state shown in Figure 6), which effectively prevents the PCR well plate from being installed before thermal expansion
  • the first driving mechanism drives the hot cover to move up, and the second driving mechanism 6 then drives the support block 5 to move up, jacking up the PCR well plate 1, and it is convenient to take out the PCR well plate 1.
  • the second driving mechanism 6 drives the support block 5 to move up, jacking up the PCR well plate 1, and it is convenient to take out the PCR well plate 1.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种PCR基座（2）及PCR仪，PCR基座（2）包括金属块体，金属块体上设有多个用于容纳PCR孔板（1）上管体的孔槽；在室温22±2℃环境条件下，PCR基座（2）的孔间距大于PCR孔板（1）的孔间距，以PCR孔板（1）的孔间距为d0，PCR基座（2）的孔间距为d1，则，d1＝d0+Δd，其中Δd为热膨胀补偿值。在PCR反应时，PCR孔板（1）受热后，其孔间距从d0延展到接近PCR基座（2）的孔间距d1。以及包含PCR基座（2）的PCR仪。

Description

一种PCR基座及PCR仪 技术领域
本发明涉及生物学检测技术领域，具体是一种PCR基座及PCR仪。
背景技术
聚合酶链式反应(PCR)是一种用于放大扩增特定的DNA片段的分子生物学技术。PCR是利用DNA在体外95℃高温时变性会变成单链，低温(通常是60℃左右)时引物与单链按碱基互补配对的原则结合，再调温度至DNA聚合酶最适反应温度(72℃左右)，DNA聚合酶沿着磷酸到五碳糖的方向合成互补链。PCR的实施一般需要依赖PCR仪对各反应阶段的温度和加热时长进行控制。
为了防止PCR高温反应中试液向上挥发，PCR仪一般通过在试液孔板上方覆盖热盖单元，以上方高温减少试液的挥发。PCR孔板通常为塑料材质，PCR孔板在受热后会发生较大膨胀，而用于放置PCR孔板的PCR基座一般采用金属材质其受热膨胀率极小，如图1所示，由于PCR基座91上孔槽对PCR孔板92管壁的限位作用，PCR孔板92受热膨胀后不能正常沿平面延展进而中间形成拱起状态，从而造成上方热盖93不能全面地与PCR孔板92上表面充分接触，影响加热效果，造成PCR孔板的各孔位受热不均，引起PCR反应液的蒸发，影响PCR检测结果准确度。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提供了一种PCR基座及PCR仪。
为达到上述目的，本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种PCR基座，包括金属块体，所述金属块体上设有多个用于容纳PCR孔板上管体的孔槽；在室温22±2℃环境条件下，PCR基座的孔间距 大于PCR孔板的孔间距,以PCR孔板的孔间距为d 0，所述PCR基座的孔间距为d 1，则，d 1＝d 0+Δd，其中Δd为热膨胀补偿值。
本发明相较于现有技术，在PCR反应时，PCR孔板受热后，其孔间距从d 0延展到接近PCR基座的孔间距d 1。PCR基座孔槽不再对PCR孔板膨胀伸长有限制作用，PCR孔板表面为平面状态，上方热盖能很好地盖设在PCR孔板表面，防止PCR孔板内试液蒸发和交叉污染，提升了PCR孔板各孔位受热均匀度，提高PCR检测准确度。
进一步地，所述热膨胀补偿值Δd＝ΔT*s*d 0，其中，ΔT为温差值，ΔT取值20～80K，s为PCR孔板材质的热膨胀系数,s取值(30～250)*10 -6mm/K。
进一步地，所述PCR基座的孔间距d 1取值为：(1+0.06％)d 0≤d 1≤(1+2％)d 0。
采用上述优选的方案，根据PCR孔板常用材质膨胀率和大量试作实验，得出适用性广泛的热膨胀补偿值，在有效消除PCR孔板受热上拱变形的同时兼顾PCR基座的通用性。
一种PCR仪，包括：
上述的PCR基座，PCR孔板放置在所述PCR基座上；
上加热单元，其包括热盖和加热元件，所述加热元件用于对所述热盖进行加热，在PCR反应时，所述热盖盖设在PCR孔板上表面；
下控温单元，其设置在所述PCR基座的下方，所述下控温单元用于对所述PCR基座进行温度调控。
采用上述优选的方案，PCR孔板受热不再变形，热盖能更好地与PCR孔板表面吻合匹配。
进一步地，还包括用于带动所述上加热单元上下升降的第一驱动机构。
进一步地，所述PCR基座上对应于PCR孔板唇边下方的边部位置设有支撑块，所述支撑块的底部设有竖直导柱，所述PCR基座上设有与所述竖直导柱匹配的导向孔，还包括带动所述支撑块上下移动的第二驱动机构。
进一步地，所述第二驱动机构包括斜面块、水平设置的丝杠副和驱动电机，所述支撑块安装在所述斜面块的斜面上，所述斜面块与丝杠副的螺母连接，所述驱动电机带动所述丝杠副的丝杆转动。
采用上述优选的方案，在PCR孔板未放置前，第二驱动机构顶起支撑块，PCR孔板靠边部唇边支撑在所述支撑块上，PCR孔板不完全放置到PCR基座孔槽内，这样有效防止PCR孔板未受热膨胀前安装到PCR基座上发生的内凹变形；在PCR孔板受热升温膨胀后，第二驱动机构再带动支撑块下移，PCR孔板的管体顺畅地进入PCR基座的孔槽内，第一驱动机构再带动热盖盖设在PCR孔板上表面，进行PCR反应；在PCR反应结束后，第一驱动机构带动热盖上移，第二驱动机构随后驱动支撑块上移，顶起PCR孔板，方便取出PCR孔板，也防止PCR孔板冷却收缩后管体卡在PCR基座的孔槽内。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是现有技术中PCR孔板热变形的结构示意图；
图2是本发明一种实施方式的结构示意图；
图3是本发明一种实施方式的结构示意图；
图4是本发明一种实施方式的结构示意图；
图5是本发明另一种实施方式的结构示意图；
图6是本发明另一种实施方式的结构示意图；
图7是本发明另一种实施方式的结构示意图。
图中数字和字母所表示的相应部件的名称：
1-PCR孔板；2-PCR基座；3-上加热单元；31-热盖；32-加热元件；4-下控温单元；41-制冷片；42-水冷板；5-支撑块；51-竖直导 柱；6-第二驱动机构；61-斜面块；62-丝杠副；63-驱动电机；91-PCR基座；92-PCR孔板；93-热盖。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图2-4所示，本发明的一种实施方式为：一种PCR基座2，包括金属块体，所述金属块体上设有多个用于容纳PCR孔板上管体的孔槽；在室温22±2℃环境条件下，PCR基座2的孔间距大于PCR孔板1的孔间距,以PCR孔板1的孔间距为d 0，PCR基座2的孔间距为d 1，则，d 1＝d 0+Δd，其中Δd为热膨胀补偿值。
采用上述技术方案的有益效果是：在PCR反应时，PCR孔板受热后，其孔间距从d 0延展到接近PCR基座的孔间距d 1。PCR基座孔槽不再对PCR孔板膨胀伸长有限制作用，PCR孔板表面为平面状态，上方热盖能很好地盖设在PCR孔板表面，防止PCR孔板内试液蒸发和交叉污染，提升了PCR孔板各孔位受热均匀度，提高PCR检测准确度。
在本发明的另一些实施方式中，所述热膨胀补偿值Δd＝ΔT*s*d 0，其中，ΔT为温差值，ΔT取值20～80K，s为PCR孔板材质的热膨胀系数,s取值(30～250)*10 -6mm/K。
在本发明的另一些实施方式中，PCR基座2的孔间距d 1取值为：(1+0.06％)d 0≤d 1≤(1+2％)d 0。根据PCR孔板常用材质膨胀率和大量试作实验，得出适用性广泛的热膨胀补偿值，在有效消除PCR孔板受热上拱变形的同时兼顾PCR基座的通用性。
以96孔PCR孔板为例，当采用PP材质，其热膨胀系数s为90*10 -6mm/K，温差值ΔT取80K，在室温22±2℃环境条件下，其孔间距d 0为9mm,PCR基座的孔间距d 1＝(1+80*90*10 -6)*9＝9.0648mm。根 据常用材质和加热升温度数，适用96孔板的PCR基座的孔间距d 1取值为9.03-9.22mm。
以384孔PCR孔板为例，当采用玻纤ABS材质，其热膨胀系数为30*10 -6mm/K，温差值ΔT取20K，在室温22±2℃环境条件下，其孔间距d 0为4.5mm,PCR基座的孔间距d 1＝(1+30*20*10 -6)*4.5＝4.5027mm。根据常用材质和加热升温度数，适用384孔板的PCR基座的孔间距d 1取值为4.5027-4.55mm。
如图5所示，一种PCR仪，包括：
PCR基座2，PCR孔板(图5中未示出)放置在PCR基座2上，PCR基座2的孔间距大于PCR孔板的孔间距；
上加热单元3，其包括热盖31和加热元件32，加热元件32用于对热盖31进行加热，在PCR反应时，热盖31盖设在PCR孔板上表面；
下控温单元4，其设置在PCR基座2的下方，下控温单元4用于对PCR基座2进行温度调控。
采用上述技术方案的有益效果是：PCR孔板受热不再变形，热盖能更好地与PCR孔板表面吻合匹配。
下控温单元4可以采用风冷或水冷方式进行控温，如图5所示，下控温单元4包括制冷片41和水冷板42，制冷片41上表面贴设于PCR基座2底面，制冷片41的下表面贴设在水冷板42上表面，水冷板42内流通有循环冷却液。采用上述技术方案的有益效果是：采用水冷方式可以提升控温速度，提升PCR实验效率。
如图6-7所示，由于本PCR仪中PCR基座的孔间距大于常温下PCR孔板的孔间距，如果PCR孔板在常温时直接放入到PCR基座内，则会发生PCR孔板管壁与PCR基座孔槽抵触，产生PCR孔板的内凹变形，热盖抵压住PCR孔板后，PCR孔板后续受热升温后难以顺利沿平面延展，下述实施方式方案主要是解决该技术问题。在本发明的另一些实施方式中，PCR仪还包括用于带动所述上加热单元上下升降的第一驱动机构(未示出)；PCR基座2上对应于PCR孔板1唇边下方的边部位置设有支撑块5，支撑块5的底部设有竖直导柱51，PCR基座2上 设有与竖直导柱51匹配的导向孔，还包括带动支撑块5上下移动的第二驱动机构6；第二驱动机构6包括斜面块61、水平设置的丝杠副62和驱动电机63，支撑块5安装在斜面块61的斜面上，斜面块61与丝杠副62的螺母连接，驱动电机63带动丝杠副62的丝杆转动。采用上述技术方案的有益效果是：在PCR孔板1放置前，第二驱动机构6驱动斜面块61向里平移，斜面块61的斜面顶起支撑块5，PCR孔板1放上后靠其边部唇边支撑在支撑块5上，PCR孔板1的管体与PCR基座2的孔槽未充分接触(图6中所示状态)，这样有效防止PCR孔板未受热膨胀前安装到PCR基座上发生的内凹变形；在PCR孔板1受热升温膨胀后，PCR孔板的孔间距接近PCR基座的孔间距，第二驱动机构6驱动斜面块61向外平移，支撑块5下移，PCR孔板1的管体顺畅地进入PCR基座2的孔槽内(图7中所示状态)，所述第一驱动机构再带动热盖盖设在PCR孔板1上表面，进行PCR反应；在PCR反应结束后，所述第一驱动机构带动热盖上移，第二驱动机构6随后驱动支撑块5上移，顶起PCR孔板1，方便取出PCR孔板1，也防止PCR孔板1冷却收缩后管体卡在PCR基座2的孔槽内。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让本领域普通技术人员能够了解本发明的内容并加以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围，凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种PCR基座，用于放置PCR孔板，其特征在于，包括金属块体，所述金属块体上设有多个用于容纳PCR孔板上管体的孔槽；在室温22±2℃环境条件下，以PCR孔板的孔间距为d 0，所述PCR基座的孔间距为d 1，则，PCR基座的孔间距d 1大于PCR孔板的孔间距d 0,d 1＝d 0+Δd，其中Δd为热膨胀补偿值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的PCR基座，其特征在于，所述热膨胀补偿值Δd＝ΔT*s*d 0，其中，ΔT为温差值，ΔT取值20～80K，s为PCR孔板材质的热膨胀系数,s取值(30～250)*10 -6mm/K。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的PCR基座，其特征在于，所述PCR基座的孔间距d 1取值为：(1+0.06％)d 0≤d 1≤(1+2％)d 0。
  4. 一种PCR仪，其特征在于，包括：
    权利要求1-3任一所述的PCR基座，PCR孔板放置在所述PCR基座上；
    上加热单元，其包括热盖和加热元件，所述加热元件用于对所述热盖进行加热，在PCR反应时，所述热盖盖设在PCR孔板上表面；
    下控温单元，其设置在所述PCR基座的下方，所述下控温单元用于对所述PCR基座进行温度调控。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的PCR仪，其特征在于，还包括用于带动所述上加热单元上下升降的第一驱动机构。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的PCR仪，其特征在于，所述PCR基座上对应于PCR孔板唇边下方的边部位置设有支撑块，所述支撑块的底部设有竖直导柱，所述PCR基座上设有与所述竖直导柱匹配的导向孔，还包括带动所述支撑块上下移动的第二驱动机构。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的PCR仪，其特征在于，所述第二驱动机构包括斜面块、水平设置的丝杠副和驱动电机，所述支撑块安装在所述斜面块的斜面上，所述斜面块与丝杠副的螺母连接，所述驱动电机带动所述丝杠副的丝杆转动。
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