WO2020155563A1 - 电池装置以及电子设备 - Google Patents

电池装置以及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020155563A1
WO2020155563A1 PCT/CN2019/095497 CN2019095497W WO2020155563A1 WO 2020155563 A1 WO2020155563 A1 WO 2020155563A1 CN 2019095497 W CN2019095497 W CN 2019095497W WO 2020155563 A1 WO2020155563 A1 WO 2020155563A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
side wall
battery device
cylindrical side
housing
cover
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/095497
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
童焰
陈志勇
Original Assignee
广东微电新能源有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201920187952.7U external-priority patent/CN209526141U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910107887.7A external-priority patent/CN109786611B/zh
Application filed by 广东微电新能源有限公司 filed Critical 广东微电新能源有限公司
Priority to EP19913570.8A priority Critical patent/EP3780144A4/en
Priority to US16/973,569 priority patent/US11757154B2/en
Publication of WO2020155563A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020155563A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/202—Casings or frames around the primary casing of a single cell or a single battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/367—Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/578—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, and more specifically, to a battery device and electronic equipment.
  • battery power is usually required.
  • the existing battery is usually sealed as a whole and the structural strength of each part of the casing is similar.
  • the battery is often on fire or even exploded during abnormal use or overcharging.
  • the button battery includes two half shells and a seal.
  • the two half-shells are connected to each other by press-fitting.
  • the seal is located between the two half shells.
  • the two half-shells can also be connected to each other in an interlocking manner in the axial direction.
  • the two half-shells have double-walled regions that overlap each other in the axial direction. Under the action of the internal pressure of the shell, the two half shells move relative to each other in the axial direction to reduce the width of the double-walled area. Holes are provided on the outer half-shells. When the hole communicates with the inner cavity, the pressure is relieved through the hole.
  • the axial distance of the button battery is often fixed during installation, which makes it difficult to move the two half shells in the axial direction, which is easy to cause pressure relief failure, and the battery requires a large displacement to form a protection.
  • the protection reaction speed is relatively slow, and the backlog is more energy. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new technical solution to solve the above technical problems.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution for the battery device.
  • a battery device includes: a first housing including a first cylindrical side wall and a top cover provided at one end of the first cylindrical side wall, and a second housing, the second housing
  • the housing includes a second cylindrical side wall and a bottom cover provided at one end of the second cylindrical side wall, and a recessed structure is formed at least partially at the connection part of the second cylindrical side wall and the bottom cover,
  • the first shell and the second shell are plugged together in the form of opposite open ends, the first cylindrical side wall is sleeved on the outside of the second cylindrical side wall, and the An insulating seal is arranged between a cylindrical side wall and the second cylindrical side wall, and a part of the first cylindrical side wall close to the opening end is bent to the side of the recessed structure along a part of the circumferential direction to A partial crimp is formed, and the partial crimp forms a snap connection with the recessed structure.
  • an explosion-proof groove is provided on the bottom cover and/or the top cover.
  • a pressure relief hole is opened on the bottom cover and/or the top cover, and a sealing cover is provided on the pressure relief hole, and the structural strength of the sealing cover is smaller than that of the top cover or The structural strength of the bottom cover.
  • an explosion-proof groove is provided on the sealing cover.
  • the depth of the explosion-proof groove is 30%-90% of the thickness of the cover.
  • the explosion-proof groove is annular or linear.
  • the explosion-proof groove is in the shape of a positive symbol or a negative symbol.
  • a plurality of notches are opened in a portion of the first cylindrical side wall close to the opening end, a tongue-shaped portion is formed between adjacent notches, and the tongue-shaped portion is bent toward one side of the recessed structure, To form a partial curl.
  • an electronic device is provided.
  • the electronic equipment includes the above-mentioned battery device.
  • the partial crimping is provided on a part of the first cylindrical side wall near the opening end along the circumferential direction, relative to the way that the crimping is formed entirely in the circumferential direction,
  • the structure of this arrangement is relatively unstable.
  • the squeezing area of the partial curling will be preferentially deformed, so that the first shell and the second shell can meet the requirements of the battery device.
  • the battery Under the condition of airtightness, the battery can be deformed in time without generating a large axis displacement under a small pressure, thereby destroying the sealing structure and releasing the pressure. In this way, the safety performance of the battery is more excellent.
  • first shell and the second shell are pressure-relieved through the deformation of the first shell, a large-scale separation of the shells is not formed, and the damage to the outside is less.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a battery device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second battery device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a top view of a second battery device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a third battery device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a top view of a third battery device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figures 7-10 are schematic diagrams of pressure relief of a battery device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 11 first cylindrical side wall; 12: top cover; 13: bottom cover; 14: explosion-proof groove; 15: pressure relief hole; 16: sealing cover; 17: insulating ring; 18: gap; 19: tongue; 20: Recessed structure; 21: Partial crimping; 22: Second cylindrical side wall; 23: Cell; 24: Sealing structure.
  • the battery device is a primary battery or a secondary battery, which includes a first shell and a second shell that are snapped together. Both the first shell and the second shell are metal materials, such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc. The first casing and the second casing respectively serve as two electrodes of the battery device.
  • the first housing includes a first cylindrical side wall 11 and a top cover 12 provided at one end of the first cylindrical side wall 11.
  • the end of the first cylindrical side wall 11 opposite to the top cover 12 is an open end.
  • the second housing includes a second cylindrical side wall 22 and a bottom cover 13 provided at one end of the second cylindrical side wall 22.
  • the end of the second cylindrical side wall 22 opposite to the bottom cover 13 is an open end.
  • a recessed structure 20 is formed at least partially at the connecting portion of the second cylindrical side wall 22 and the bottom cover 13.
  • the connection part is located near the corner.
  • the connecting part can have a set distance from the corner, or it can be directly formed at the corner.
  • the recess structure 20 is an annular groove or an intermittent groove provided around the bottom cover 13.
  • the first housing and the second housing are plugged together with the open ends facing each other.
  • the first cylindrical side wall 11 is sleeved on the outside of the second cylindrical side wall 22.
  • An insulating seal is provided between the first cylindrical side wall 11 and the second cylindrical side wall 22.
  • the inner diameter of the first cylindrical side wall 11 is larger than the outer diameter of the second cylindrical side wall 22.
  • the insulating seal is an insulating ring 17.
  • the material of the insulating ring 17 is plastic or rubber. The above materials can play a good insulation and sealing effect.
  • the insulating ring 17 forms a U-shaped portion at the position of the sealing structure 24.
  • the U-shaped part is wrapped around the open end of the second shell.
  • the inner and outer surfaces of the U-shaped part respectively have a larger contact area with the two shells, which makes the sealing effect of the sealing structure more excellent.
  • the sealing structure 24 refers to a sealing structure formed between the open end of the second housing and the top cover 12 of the first housing.
  • the battery core 23 is first placed in the second housing, and the insulating ring 17 is sleeved on the outside of the second cylindrical side wall 22.
  • the battery cell 23 can be, but is not limited to, a lithium ion battery cell 23, a lithium metal battery cell 23, or the like. Then, the open ends of the two housings face each other, and the second cylindrical side wall 22 is inserted into the first cylindrical side wall 11. A closed cavity is formed inside the first shell and the second shell. The first cylindrical side wall 11 is squeezed toward the second cylindrical side wall 22 for better sealing.
  • the part of the first cylindrical side wall 11 close to the open end is bent to the side of the recessed structure 20 in the circumferential direction to form a partial curl 21.
  • the partial curl 21 and the recessed structure 20 form a clamping connection.
  • the local curling is easy to deform when local pressure is applied.
  • the first casing will be locally deformed, so that the sealing structure between the first casing and the second casing is destroyed, thereby Perform pressure relief.
  • the first shell is locally deformed in the radial direction.
  • the radial direction is shown by the arrow in Figure 10.
  • the partial crimp 21 will move away from the recessed structure 20 in the radial direction, and finally release the clamping, so that the sealing structure 24 of the first shell and the second shell is destroyed for pressure relief.
  • the second cylindrical side wall 22 maintains its original shape. Since the partial curl 21 is separated from the recessed structure 20, the first cylindrical side wall 11 is deformed at the open end. The deformation of the open end of the first cylindrical side wall 11 drives the deformation of the part close to the top cover 12, so that the sealing structure 24 is destroyed and pores are formed. Internal gas escaped from the damage.
  • the first shell is deformed by internal pressure, and its cross section changes from a circular shape to a shuttle shape, an oval shape, etc.
  • the two partial curling edges 21 move in directions away from each other, finally achieving separation from the recessed structure 20 and destruction of the sealing structure at the root of the first housing.
  • the number of partial curls 21 is not limited to two or three, and those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs.
  • the structure of this arrangement is relatively opposite to the method in which all crimps are formed in the circumferential direction. Unstable.
  • the squeezing area of the partial curling will be preferentially deformed, so that the first shell and the second shell can meet the sealing conditions of the battery device.
  • the sealing structure can be deformed and destroyed in time to release the pressure under a small pressure without a large axial displacement. In this way, the safety performance of the battery is better.
  • the battery device is pressure-relieved through the deformation of the first housing, a large separation of the housing is not formed, and the damage to the outside is less.
  • this separation method can release the pressure more quickly, and the energy that can be accumulated inside is less and safer.
  • partial curls 21 there are multiple partial curls 21 (for example, three).
  • the plurality of partial curls 21 are distributed relative to the open end of the first housing.
  • the plurality of partial crimps 21 make the explosion-proof levels of the first housing and the second housing the same. The reliability and stability of the battery device are better.
  • the partial curling 21 is evenly distributed relative to the open end of the first shell, so that the first shell and the second shell are fixed more uniformly in the circumferential direction, and the explosion-proof level is higher.
  • the plurality of partial curls 21 are non-uniformly distributed relative to the open end of the first housing.
  • only one partial curl 21 may be provided.
  • This arrangement can also achieve good pressure relief and explosion-proof effects.
  • the sealing between the first shell and the second shell is achieved by the mutual compression of the first cylindrical side wall 11, the insulating ring 17 and the second cylindrical side wall 22.
  • a plurality of notches 18 are opened in a portion of the first cylindrical side wall 11 close to the opening end.
  • the notch 18 is formed by laser etching, plasma cutting, stamping, and the like.
  • a tongue 19 is formed between adjacent notches 18. The left and right sides of the tongue 19 are separated from other parts of the first cylindrical side wall 11.
  • the tongue 19 is bent toward the side of the recessed structure 20 to form a partial curl 21.
  • the tongue-shaped portion 19 is squeezed to the side of the recessed structure 20 by stamping, so as to fit the tongue-shaped portion 19 on the recessed structure 20 to form a snap connection.
  • the tongue-shaped portion 19 forms a point contact with the recessed structure 20; or the tongue-shaped portion 19 is an arc, and forms an arc surface contact with the recessed structure 20.
  • the tongue-shaped portion 19 and the recessed structure 20 are more firmly connected to each other.
  • the sealing effect between the first shell and the second shell is better.
  • the bending of the tongue 19 does not affect other parts of the first cylindrical side wall 11. Therefore, the overall structure of the battery device does not change.
  • the portion of the first cylindrical side wall 11 close to the opening end is bent toward the side of the recessed structure 20 to form a partial curl 21 without the notch 18.
  • the material of the housing is metal.
  • the part of the opening end of the first housing is partially stamped inward by stamping or rolling, to form a partial curl 21 in a recess. In this way, a snap connection can also be formed.
  • an explosion-proof groove 14 is provided on the bottom cover 13 and/or the top cover 12.
  • the explosion-proof groove 14 is pierced to release the pressure.
  • the cross section of the explosion-proof groove 14 is U-shaped, V-shaped, or the like.
  • the explosion-proof groove 14 is formed by laser etching or chemical etching.
  • the explosion-proof groove 14 is opened on the inner surface or the outer surface of the top cover 12 and/or the bottom cover 13. The above-mentioned shape can form stress concentration at the bottom of the explosion-proof groove 14, the explosion-proof groove 14 is easily broken, and the sensitivity is high.
  • the explosion-proof groove 14 is annular or linear.
  • the ring includes a rectangular ring, a circular ring, an elliptical ring, and the like.
  • the annular explosion-proof groove 14 is easier to be pierced, and a through hole is formed after piercing. Compared with forming a gap, the pressure relief of the through hole is faster, and the explosion-proof performance is better.
  • Linear shapes include straight, curved, wavy, etc. The above-mentioned shapes can play a good pressure relief and explosion-proof effect.
  • the explosion-proof groove 14 is in the shape of a positive electrode symbol or a negative electrode symbol.
  • the top cover 12 generally serves as the positive electrode of the battery device.
  • the positive current collector of the battery core 23 is electrically connected to the top cover 12.
  • An explosion-proof groove 14 in the shape of "+" is opened on the outer surface of the top cover 12 (for example, the middle of the top cover 12).
  • the bottom cover 13 usually serves as the negative electrode of the battery.
  • the negative current collector of the battery core 23 is electrically connected to the bottom cover 13.
  • a "-" shaped explosion-proof groove 14 is opened on the outer surface of the bottom cover 13 (for example, the middle of the bottom cover 13).
  • the explosion-proof groove 14 can not only play the role of pressure relief and explosion-proof, but also play the role of identifying the positive and negative electrodes.
  • the thickness of the first housing and the second housing is usually large, which makes the first housing and the second housing less likely to be deformed.
  • the formed explosion-proof groove 14 has low sensitivity and cannot be pressure-relieved at a relatively low pressure (for example, 2 MPa).
  • a pressure relief hole 15 is provided on the bottom cover 13 and/or the top cover 12.
  • the pressure relief hole 15 is used for the outflow of gas inside the battery device for pressure relief.
  • the pressure relief hole 15 is sealed.
  • a sealing cover 16 is provided on the pressure relief hole 15.
  • the structural strength of the sealing cover 16 is less than the structural strength of the top cover 12 or the bottom cover 13 where it is located. In this example, since the structural strength of the sealing cover 16 is low, it can be ruptured at a lower pressure for pressure relief.
  • an explosion-proof groove 14 is provided on the sealing cover 16.
  • the shape of the explosion-proof groove 14 is as described above.
  • the explosion-proof groove 14 can be broken under a relatively small pressure. In this way, the sensitivity of the explosion-proof groove 14 is higher.
  • the material of the sealing cover 16 is metal, such as copper alloy, aluminum alloy, and stainless steel. It is arranged on the pressure relief hole 15 by means of laser welding or resistance welding to form a seal.
  • the material of the sealing cover 16 is the same as the material of the top cover 12 or the bottom cover 13 where it is located.
  • the thickness of the sealing cover 16 is smaller than the thickness of the top cover 12 or the bottom cover 13 where it is located. It is also possible that the sealing cover 16 selects a metal with a lower structural strength.
  • the material of the top cover 12 or the bottom cover 13 is stainless steel, and the material of the sealing cover 16 is copper, aluminum, or the like.
  • the depth of the explosion-proof groove 14 is 30%-90% of the thickness of the cover.
  • the cover includes a top cover 12, a bottom cover 13 or a sealing cover 16. Within this depth range, the battery device has good sealing performance and safety performance.
  • the clamping connection formed by the partial crimp 21 and the recessed structure 20, the sealing cover 16, and the explosion-proof groove 14 form multiple safety measures. In this way, when the pressure in the battery device reaches the set value, at least one safety measure can take effect to release the pressure. This arrangement significantly improves the safety performance of the battery device.
  • an electronic device can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a smart watch, a notebook computer, a game console, a walkie-talkie, a headset, an e-book reader, etc.
  • the electronic equipment includes a casing and the above-mentioned battery device.
  • a PCB is provided in the housing.
  • the battery device is arranged in the housing and is electrically connected to the electrical equipment in the electronic equipment through the PCB.
  • the electronic equipment has the characteristics of excellent safety performance.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池装置以及电子设备。该电池装置包括：第一壳体，第一壳体包括第一筒状侧壁（11）和顶盖（12），以及第二壳体，第二壳体包括第二筒状侧壁（22）和底盖（13），在第二筒状侧壁（22）和底盖（13）的连接部位的至少局部形成凹陷结构（20），第一筒状侧壁（11）套设在第二筒状侧壁（22）的外侧，在第一筒状侧壁（11）和第二筒状侧壁（22）之间设置有绝缘密封件，第一筒状侧壁（11）的靠近开口端的部位沿周向的局部向凹陷结构一侧弯曲，以形成局部卷边，局部卷边与凹陷结构形成卡接。

Description

电池装置以及电子设备 技术领域
本发明涉及储能装置技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种电池装置以及电子设备。
背景技术
在电子产品中通常需要电池供电。为了防水、防尘的需要，现有的电池通常是整体密封的并且壳体的各个部位的结构强度相近。然而，由于电池设计或制造的缺陷，故在非正常使用时或过充电时，经常导致电池着火甚至爆炸。为了电池的安全性，故需要在内部压力过高时外壳能破坏密封性，以便于及时进行泄压。
中国专利申请CN103262292A提供了一种方案。在该方案中，纽扣电池包括两个半壳体和密封件。两个半壳体通过压配合而相互连接。密封件位于两个半壳体之间。两个半壳件也可以按照沿轴向方向互锁的方式相互连接。两个半壳体具有沿轴向彼此重叠的双壁区域。在壳体内部压力的作用下，两个半壳体沿轴向相对移动，以使双壁区域的宽度减小。在外侧的半壳体上设置有孔。当孔与内腔连通时，通过该孔进行泄压。
然而，纽扣电池在进行安装时轴向的距离往往是固定的，这使得两个半壳体的沿轴向移动变得困难，容易造成泄压失效，且电池需要较大的位移才能形成保护，其保护反应速度相对较慢，积压能量较多。因此，需要提供一种新的技术方案，以解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种电池装置的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种电池装置。该电池装置包括：第一壳体，所述第一壳体包括第一筒状侧壁和设置在所述第一筒状侧壁的一 端的顶盖，以及第二壳体，所述第二壳体包括第二筒状侧壁和设置在所述第二筒状侧壁的一端的底盖，在所述第二筒状侧壁和所述底盖的连接部位的至少局部形成凹陷结构，所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体以开口端相对的形式插接在一起，所述第一筒状侧壁套设在所述第二筒状侧壁的外侧，在所述第一筒状侧壁和所述第二筒状侧壁之间设置有绝缘密封件，所述第一筒状侧壁的靠近开口端的部位沿周向的局部向所述凹陷结构一侧弯曲，以形成局部卷边，所述局部卷边与所述凹陷结构形成卡接，所述电池装置的内部压强达到设定值时，所述第一壳体发生局部形变,以使所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体之间的封口结构被破坏,从而进行泄压。
可选地，在所述底盖和/或所述顶盖上开设有防爆槽。
可选地，在所述底盖和/或所述顶盖上开设有泄压孔，在所述泄压孔上设置有密封盖，所述密封盖的结构强度小于所在的所述顶盖或者所述底盖的结构强度。
可选地，在所述密封盖上开设有防爆槽。
可选地，所述防爆槽的深度为所在的盖体的厚度的30％-90％。
可选地，所述防爆槽呈环形或者线形。
可选地，所述防爆槽呈正极符号或者负极符号的形状。
可选地，所述局部卷边为一个或多个。
可选地，在所述第一筒状侧壁的靠近所述开口端的部位开设多个缺口，相邻的缺口之间形成舌形部，所述舌形部向所述凹陷结构一侧弯曲，以形成局部卷边。
根据本公开的另一个实施例，提供了一种电子设备。该电子设备包括上述的电池装置。
根据本公开的一个实施例，在该电池装置中，由于局部卷边设置在第一筒状侧壁的靠近开口端的部位沿周向的局部，故相对于沿周向全部形成卷边的方式，这种设置方式的结构相对不稳定，当电池装置的内部压强增大到设定值时将导致局部卷边的挤压区域优先变形，使得第一壳体和第二壳体在满足电池装置的密封性的条件下，在较小的压强下不需要产生较大的轴线位移就能够及时的变形,从而破坏封口结构而泄压，这样，电池的安 全性能更加优良。
此外，由于第一壳体和第二壳是通过第一壳体的变形而泄压，不会形成大幅度的壳体分离，其对外界的破坏较少。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是根据本公开的一个实施例的电池装置的结构示意图。
图2是根据本公开的一个实施例的电池装置的剖视图。
图3是根据本公开的一个实施例的第二种电池装置的剖视图。
图4是根据本公开的一个实施例的第二种电池装置的俯视图。
图5是根据本公开的一个实施例的第三种电池装置的剖视图。
图6是根据本公开的一个实施例的第三种电池装置的俯视图。
图7-10是根据本公开的一个实施例的电池装置泄压的原理图。
附图标记说明：
11：第一筒状侧壁；12：顶盖；13：底盖；14：防爆槽；15：泄压孔；16：密封盖；17：绝缘圈；18：缺口；19：舌形部；20：凹陷结构；21：局部卷边；22：第二筒状侧壁；23：电芯；24：封口结构。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
根据本公开的一个实施例，提供了一种电池装置。如图1-2所示，该电池装置为一次电池或者二次电池，其包括扣合在一起第一壳体和第二壳体。第一壳体和第二壳体均为金属材料，例如铝合金、不锈钢等。第一壳体和第二壳体分别作为电池装置的两个电极。
如图1-3所示，第一壳体包括第一筒状侧壁11和设置在第一筒状侧壁11的一端的顶盖12。第一筒状侧壁11的与顶盖12相对的一端为开口端。第二壳体包括第二筒状侧壁22和设置在第二筒状侧壁22的一端的底盖13。第二筒状侧壁22的与底盖13相对的一端为开口端。
如图2、3和5所示，在第二筒状侧壁22和底盖13的连接部位的至少局部形成凹陷结构20。连接部位位于拐角附近。当然，为了便于设置，连接部位可以与拐角有设定的距离，也可以直接形成在拐角处。凹陷结构20为围绕底盖13设置的环形凹槽或者间断的凹槽。
第一壳体和第二壳体以开口端相对的形式插接在一起。第一筒状侧壁11套设在第二筒状侧壁22的外侧。在第一筒状侧壁11和第二筒状侧壁22之间设置有绝缘密封件。例如，第一筒状侧壁11的内径大于第二筒状侧壁22的外径。绝缘密封件为绝缘圈17。绝缘圈17的材质为塑料或者橡胶。上述材料能起到良好的绝缘和密封效果。
例如，如图7所示，绝缘圈17在位于封口结构24的位置形成U形部。U形部包覆在第二壳体的开口端。U形部的内、外表面分别与两个壳体之间具有更大的接触面积，这使得封口结构的密封效果更加优良。封口结构24是指第二壳体的开口端与第一壳体的顶盖12之间形成的密封结构。
在组装前，先将电芯23放置到第二壳体内，并将绝缘圈17套在第二筒状侧壁22的外侧。电芯23可以是但不局限于锂离子电芯23、锂金属电 芯23等。然后，两个壳体的开口端相对，并将第二筒状侧壁22插入第一筒状侧壁11中。在第一壳体和第二壳体的内部形成密闭的腔体。第一筒状侧壁11向靠近第二筒状侧壁22的方向挤压，以进行更好的密封。
如图3、4和6-10所示，第一筒状侧壁11的靠近开口端的部位沿周向的局部向凹陷结构20一侧弯曲，以形成局部卷边21。局部卷边21与凹陷结构20形成卡接。局部卷边易在局部受压时变形，在电池装置的内部压强达到设定值时第一壳体发生局部形变,以使第一壳体和第二壳体之间的封口结构被破坏,从而进行泄压。
例如,第一壳体沿径向发生局部形变。径向如图10中箭头所示。例如，腔体内的压强到达2MPa时，局部卷边21沿径向远离凹陷结构20，最终解除卡接，从而使第一壳体和第二壳体的封口结构24被破坏，以进行泄压。
如图9所示，在腔体内的压强到达2MPa时，第二筒状侧壁22保持原来的形状。由于局部卷边21与凹陷结构20分离，故第一筒状侧壁11在开口端发生变形。第一筒状侧壁11的开口端的变形带动靠近顶盖12的部位的变形，从而使封口结构24被破坏,并形成孔隙。内部气体从破坏处溢出。
例如，如图9-10所示，第一壳体受内部压力而发生形变，其横截面由圆形变成类似梭形、椭圆形等。两个局部卷边21向彼此远离的方向移动，最终实现与凹陷结构20分离以及第一壳体根部封口结构的破坏。
当然，局部卷边21的数量不限于2个、3个，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要进行设置。
在该例子中，由于局部卷边21设置在第一筒状侧壁11的靠近开口端的部位沿周向的局部，故相对于沿周向全部形成卷边的方式，这种设置方式的结构相对不稳定，当电池装置的内部压强增大到设定值时将导致局部卷边的挤压区域优先变形，使得第一壳体和第二壳体在满足电池装置的密封性的条件下，在较小的压强下不需要产生较大的轴向位移就能够及时的变形破坏封口结构而泄压，这样，电池的安全性能更加优良。
此外，由于电池装置是通过第一壳体的变形而泄压，不会形成大幅度的壳体分离，其对外界的破坏较少。
此外，由于局部卷边21至少沿径向与凹陷结构20分离，故这种分离 方式能够使泄压更加迅速，且内部可积压的能量更少，更安全。
在一个例子中，如图1、4和6所示，局部卷边21为多个(例如，3个)。例如，多个局部卷边21相对于第一壳体的开口端分布。在该例子中，多个局部卷边21使得在第一壳体和第二壳体的各个位置的防爆等级相同。电池装置的可靠性、稳定性更好。
例如，局部卷边21相对于第一壳体的开口端均匀地分布，这样第一壳体和第二壳体沿周向的固定更加均匀，防爆等级更高。
当然，也可以是，多个局部卷边21相对于第一壳体的开口端非均匀地分布。
在其他示例中，局部卷边21也可以仅设置一个。这种设置方式同样能够起到良好的泄压、防爆效果。第一壳体和第二壳体之间的密封依靠第一筒状侧壁11、绝缘圈17和第二筒状侧壁22的相互压紧来实现。
局部卷边21的设置方式有多种。在一个例子中，如图1所示，在第一筒状侧壁11的靠近开口端的部位开设多个缺口18。例如，通过激光蚀刻、等离子切割、冲压等方式形成缺口18。相邻的缺口18之间形成舌形部19。舌形部19的左、右两侧与第一筒状侧壁11的其他部位是分离的。舌形部19向凹陷结构20一侧弯曲，以形成局部卷边21。例如，通过冲压的方式将舌形部19向凹陷结构20一侧挤压，以将舌形部19贴合在凹陷结构20上，从而形成卡接。
舌形部19与凹陷结构20形成点接触；或者舌形部19为一段弧，与凹陷结构20形成弧面接触。
在该例子中，舌形部19与凹陷结构20的卡接更加牢固。第一壳体和第二壳体之间的密封效果更好。
此外，舌形部19的弯曲不会对第一筒状侧壁11的其他部位造成影响。因此，电池装置的整体结构不会发生变化。
在其他示例中，第一筒状侧壁11的靠近开口端的部位向凹陷结构20一侧弯曲，以形成局部卷边21，而无需设置缺口18。
例如，壳体的材质为金属。通过冲压加工或辊压加工的方式将第一壳体的开口端的部位局部向内冲压，以凹陷形成局部卷边21。通过这种方式 同样能够形成卡接。
在一个例子中，如图1-2所示，在底盖13和/或顶盖12上开设有防爆槽14。在电池装置内部的压强达到设定值时，防爆槽14被冲破，从而进行泄压。例如，防爆槽14的横截面为U形、V形等。通过激光蚀刻或者化学蚀刻的方式形成防爆槽14。防爆槽14开设在顶盖12和/或底盖13的内表面或者外表面。上述形状能在防爆槽14的底部形成应力集中，防爆槽14容易被冲破，灵敏度高。
例如，防爆槽14呈环形或者线形。例如，环形包括矩形环状、圆环状、椭圆环状等。环形的防爆槽14更易被冲破，并且在冲破后形成通孔。相比于形成缝隙，通孔的泄压更迅速，防爆性能更加优良。线形包括直线形、弧线形、波浪线形等。上述形状均能起到良好的泄压、防爆作用。
在一个例子中，防爆槽14呈正极符号或者负极符号的形状。例如，顶盖12通常作为电池装置的正极。电芯23的正极集流体与顶盖12电连接。在顶盖12的外表面(例如，顶盖12的中部)开设“+”形状的防爆槽14。底盖13通常作为电池的负极。电芯23的负极集流体与底盖13电连接。在底盖13的外表面(例如，底盖13的中部)开设“-”形状的防爆槽14。在该例子中，防爆槽14既能起到泄压、防爆的作用，又能起到标识正、负极的作用。
在一些电池装置中，为了保证电池装置的结构强度，通常第一壳体和第二壳体的厚度较大，这使得第一壳体和第二壳体不易发生形变。形成的防爆槽14的灵敏度低，无法在较低的压强下(例如，2MPa)进行泄压。
为了解决该技术问题，在一个例子中，如图3-6所示，在底盖13和/或顶盖12上开设有泄压孔15。泄压孔15用于电池装置内部的气体的流出，以进行泄压。在通常状态下，泄压孔15是密封的。例如，在泄压孔15上设置有密封盖16。密封盖16的结构强度小于所在的顶盖12或者底盖13的结构强度。在该例子中，由于密封盖16的结构强度较低，故在较低的压强下能够破裂，以进行泄压。
进一步地，如图3、5-6所示，在密封盖16上开设有防爆槽14。防爆槽14的形状如前所述。
在该例子中，由于密封盖16的结构强度小于所在的顶盖12或底盖13的结构强度，故防爆槽14能在较小的压强下被冲破。通过这种方式，防爆槽14的灵敏度更高。
例如，密封盖16的材质为金属，如铜合金、铝合金、不锈钢等。通过激光焊接或者电阻焊接的方式设置在泄压孔15上，并形成密封。
例如，密封盖16的材质与所在的顶盖12或底盖13的材质相同。密封盖16的厚度小于所在的顶盖12或者底盖13的厚度。还可以是，密封盖16选择结构强度较小的金属。例如，顶盖12或底盖13的材质为不锈钢，密封盖16的材质为铜、铝等。
在一个例子中，防爆槽14的深度为所在的盖体的厚度的30％-90％。所在盖体包括顶盖12、底盖13或者密封盖16。在该深度范围内，电池装置的密封性能和安全性能良好。
在上述实施例中，局部卷边21与凹陷结构20形成的卡接、密封盖16、防爆槽14形成了多重安全措施。这样，在电池装置内的压强达到设定值时，至少一种安全措施能够起作用，从而进行泄压。这种设置方式显著提高了电池装置的安全性能。
根据本公开的另一个实施例，提供了一种电子设备。该电子设备可以是但不局限于手机、平板电脑、智能手表、笔记本电脑、游戏机、对讲机、耳机、电子书阅读器等。
该电子设备包括外壳和上述电池装置。在外壳内设置有PCB。电池装置被设置在外壳内，并通过PCB与电子设备内的用电设备电连接。
该电子设备具有安全性能优良的特点。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池装置，其中，包括：
    第一壳体，所述第一壳体包括第一筒状侧壁和设置在所述第一筒状侧壁的一端的顶盖，以及
    第二壳体，所述第二壳体包括第二筒状侧壁和设置在所述第二筒状侧壁的一端的底盖，在所述第二筒状侧壁和所述底盖的连接部位的至少局部形成凹陷结构，所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体以开口端相对的形式插接在一起，所述第一筒状侧壁套设在所述第二筒状侧壁的外侧，在所述第一筒状侧壁和所述第二筒状侧壁之间设置有绝缘密封件，所述第一筒状侧壁的靠近开口端的部位沿周向的局部向所述凹陷结构一侧弯曲，以形成局部卷边，所述局部卷边与所述凹陷结构形成卡接，在所述电池装置的内部压强达到设定值时,所述第一壳体发生局部形变,以使所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体之间的封口结构被破坏,从而进行泄压。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池装置，其中，在所述底盖和/或所述顶盖上开设有防爆槽。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池装置，其中，在所述底盖和/或所述顶盖上开设有泄压孔，在所述泄压孔上设置有密封盖，所述密封盖的结构强度小于所在的所述顶盖或者所述底盖的结构强度。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中的任意一项所述的电池装置，其中，在所述密封盖上开设有防爆槽。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中的任意一项所述的电池装置，其中，所述防爆槽的深度为所在的盖体的厚度的30％-90％。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中的任意一项所述的电池装置，其中，所述防爆 槽呈环形或者线形。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中的任意一项所述的电池装置，其中，所述第一筒状侧壁的靠近所述开口端的部位向所述凹陷结构一侧弯曲，以形成所述局部卷边。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中的任意一项所述的电池装置，其中，所述局部卷边为一个或多个。
  9. 根据权利要求1-4和8中的任意一项所述的电池装置，其中，在所述第一筒状侧壁的靠近所述开口端的部位开设多个缺口，相邻的缺口之间形成舌形部，所述舌形部向所述凹陷结构一侧弯曲，以形成局部卷边。
  10. 一种电子设备，其中，包括如权利要求1-9中的任意一项所述的电池装置。
PCT/CN2019/095497 2019-02-02 2019-07-10 电池装置以及电子设备 WO2020155563A1 (zh)

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