WO2020155421A1

WO2020155421A1 - Column sorting apparatus and method for mineralization-floatation separation

Info

Publication number: WO2020155421A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/083661
Authority: WO
Inventors: 桂夏辉; 杨自立; 邢耀文; 夏阳超; 曹亦俊; 刘炯天; 夏灵勇; 程宏志; 魏昌杰
Original assignee: 中国矿业大学; 开滦（集团）有限责任公司; 天地（唐山）矿业科技有限公司
Priority date: 2019-01-31
Filing date: 2019-04-22
Publication date: 2020-08-06
Also published as: CN109759243B; RU2763871C1; CN109759243A

Abstract

A column sorting apparatus and method for mineralization-floatation separation, comprising a stirring vessel (1), a pump (2), a bubble generator (3), a mineralization chamber (6), a turbulence removal pipe (8), a flotation column (11), and an air compressor (17). After being mixed by a pulp conditioning equipment, flotation pulp passes through the bubble generator (3) and then enters the mineralization chamber (6). The pulp rotating at a high speed and bubbles carry out a high-intensity turbulent collision and form mineralization bubbles. Big vortexes of the mineralization bubbles are removed by the turbulence removal pipe (8) and then the mineralization bubbles enter a static sorting area of the flotation column (11) to complete static separation. A flotation assist baffle plate (13) is provided at the bottom of the static sorting area of the flotation column (11). Enhanced recovery is performed on mineral particles on which mineralization and desorption are not completed, low-ash coal concentrate is recovered, and a high-ash mineral is discharged from a tailing port (14).

Description

Column separation device and method for mineralization-flotation separation

Technical field

The invention relates to a column separation device and method for mineralization-flotation separation, and is particularly suitable for column separation device and method for mineralization-flotation separation used in mineral processing technology in the technical field of mineral flotation.

Background technique

With the increase in the proportion of mechanized coal mining and the decline in the quality of the washed coal, the slime is difficult to select, such as fineness, high ash, and large contiguous content. During the process of slime separation, the ash content of the clean coal is reduced and the recovery of the clean coal is improved. It is difficult to achieve synergy between efficiency, and there is an urgent need for key technologies and equipment for efficient slime flotation separation. With the advancement of coal slime separation technology, new equipment continues to appear, but there is still a big gap between its separation effect and efficient separation. As the leading separation equipment for coal slime separation, flotation machines and flotation columns, the problems exposed in the process of slime separation are getting more and more serious.

After decades of development, the research and development of the flotation machine has made great progress, showing a diversified development trend, such as Vimco flotation machine, filling flotation machine, flash flotation machine, jet flotation machine, etc. . Its outstanding advantages are reflected in the strong anti-interference ability during the production process, strong turbulence, low foam layer, and better separation of coarse particles. However, the flotation machine has not solved the problem of single mineralization method and separation method. The flotation foam layer of the flotation machine is thin, and the selectivity of fine-grained mineral separation needs to be improved. It should be based on the actual flotation of coal slime. Process, optimize the coordination of flotation equipment mineralization method and separation method. In the existing production practice, the improvement of the recovery capacity of most flotation machines is generally to increase the number of tanks or increase the number of process flow stages, which in turn leads to the problem of lengthy flotation process and increased energy consumption. For difficult-to-float coal, only Extending the flotation time has limitations in its sorting effect. Due to its high foam layer, strong filtering effect and strong static separation ability, the flotation column has a good high selective separation effect on fine-grained materials. It has shown strong vitality in the field of flotation technology and has become more and more popular in the mineral processing industry. Many countries have done a lot of work. For example, Jameson flotation column, microbubble flotation column, co-current-counter-current flotation column, steady flow plate flotation column, etc. have been developed. However, there are still many problems to be further studied and perfected. For example, the common problems of the flotation column separation reaction in practice are: the equipment processing capacity is low; the mineralization efficiency of coarse particles is low, and it is difficult to ensure the low probability of falling off of the coarse particles mineralized bubbles during the floating process. The recovery capacity is slightly weak; due to the short flotation process, its ability to resist fluctuations of different feed coal qualities is weak. These problems are directly reflected in the low ash content of the flotation tailings, and part of the low ash coarse particles are lost in the tailings.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem: In response to the shortcomings of the above technology, a column separation device and method for mineralization-flotation separation with compact structure, large processing capacity, high separation efficiency, and convenient installation and operation is provided.

Technical solution: In order to achieve the above equipment objectives, the column sorting equipment based on mineralization-flotation separation of the present invention includes a mixing barrel, pump, bubble generator, mineralization chamber, turbulence tube, flotation column and air compressor ；

The top of the mixing barrel is provided with a motor, and the motor shaft extends vertically into the mixing barrel to be provided with a stirrer. The bottom of the mixing barrel is connected to the inlet of the pump through a pipeline, and the outlet of the pump is connected to the bubble generator through the pipeline. The inlet is connected. The mineralization chamber includes an upper columnar tube structure and a bottom of a funnel-shaped structure. The lower side of the columnar tube structure is provided with an inlet. The outlet of the bubble generator is connected to the inlet below the columnar tube structure of the mineralization chamber through a pipeline. The material port is connected, the middle and lower part of the mineralization chamber is provided with a material inlet and is tangent to the mineralization chamber. The slurry is fed into the mineralization chamber in a tangential manner. The bottom of the funnel-shaped structure is equipped with an accident discharge port with a valve. There are multiple damping discs on the side wall, and the mineralization chamber discharge port is provided on the side wall above the cylindrical tube structure of the mineralization chamber.

The flotation column includes a columnar part, the top of the columnar part is provided with a selection tank, the selection tank is provided with a concentrate port, the sidewall of the columnar part is provided with a flotation column inlet, and the mineralization chamber of the mineralization chamber The material port is connected with the inlet of the flotation column through the turbulence tube. The discharge port of the mineralization chamber is tangent to the mineralization chamber. The slurry enters the turbulent flow tube in a tangential manner. The bottom of the columnar part is provided with an inverted trapezoidal funnel. The part and the columnar part are provided with one or more layers of microporous ceramic plates horizontally as a gas channel. The bottom of the funnel part is provided with a flotation column air inlet. The flotation column air inlet is connected with an air compressor through a pipeline. The opposite side of the column selection inlet is provided with a downwardly inclined floating baffle,

On the side wall below the columnar part of the flotation column, there is a tailing port located 1-10mm above the microporous ceramic plate.

The said mineralization chamber is a cyclone shell, which is provided with multiple damping discs, and the multi-layer damping disks are evenly arranged around the cyclone shell of the mineralization chamber, the number is 4-8, which increases the turbulence of the slurry It increases the probability of adhesion between fine particles and bubbles.

The inside of the scavenging tube includes several steel pipes, which are welded in pairs into a bundle, the cross section of the bundle is similar to a circle, the diameter of the steel pipe is 5-6mm, and the length of the steel pipe is 15-25mm.

The angle between the flotation assisting baffle and the flotation column is 15°-60°, which effectively prevents the ore pulp from entering the flotation column and directly colliding with the opposite column wall, reduces the probability of desorption of coarse particles, and improves the flotation stability.

The pore diameter of the microporous ceramic plate is 5-100 μm.

A column separation method based on mineralization-flotation separation of column separation equipment for mineralization-flotation separation, the steps of which are:

First turn on the air compressor to inflate the flotation column through the air inlet of the flotation column.

Ensure that the accident discharge pipe of the mineralization chamber is closed, and the floating slime and medicament are fed into the mixing tank and mixed uniformly to obtain the mixture. The mixture is pressurized by the pump and then fed into the bubble generator.

The mixture produces negative pressure under the action of the jet in the bubble generator, which effectively sucks in air, and pulverizes the air into tiny bubbles and mixes with the mixture to form a mixture containing tiny bubbles. The mixture containing tiny bubbles is fed along the tangent line of the inlet of the mineralization chamber. Into the mineralization chamber, a centrifugal force field is formed. Under the action of the damping disk and the centrifugal force field of the mineralization chamber, the hydrophobic coal particles in the mixture containing tiny bubbles collide with the bubbles in turbulent flow and form mineralized bubbles. The mineralized bubbles pass through The turbulent tube eliminates the large internal vortex and enters the flotation column.

In the flotation column, the flotation column inlet is the dividing line, the area above the dividing line is the static separation zone, and the bottom is the air flotation sweeping area; the flotation assist baffle of the mineralized bubble mixture after the vortex is eliminated in the flotation column With the help of the static separation zone, the static separation is completed, and the particles in the uncompleted mineralization and desorption mixture enter the flotation sweeping zone for enhanced recovery.

Finally, the clean coal floats into the beneficiation tank, and the tail coal is discharged from the discharge port until the separation of the slime is completed.

Beneficial effects: This design isolates the mineralized area and the separation area through the turbulence pipe, which truly realizes turbulent collision and static separation, and helps to improve the recovery capacity of coarse-grained coal slime and hard-to-float fine-grained coal slime. The centrifugal force field of the mineralization chamber increases the turbulence intensity of the slurry, increases the collision probability of particles and bubbles, and makes the coal particles and bubbles undergo swirling mineralization; after mineralization, the particles pass through the turbulence tube to eliminate the large internal vortex and stabilize the flow After entering the flotation column, static separation is realized, and the air compressor provides sufficient suspension force to reduce the probability of desorption of coarse particles. At the same time, the setting of the air flotation sweeping zone in the flotation column can complete the secondary mineralization of unmineralized and fallen coarse particles and naturally enter the static separation zone with low turbulence, ensuring the quality of tailings. The equipment has large processing capacity, low production and operation costs, and convenient installation and operation. It strengthens the recovery of slime as a whole, improves the quantity and quality of clean coal, and has significant economic benefits.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the column separation device for mineralization-flotation separation of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turbulent pipe of the present invention.

In the picture: 1—mixing barrel, 2—pump, 3—bubble generator, 4—mineralization chamber inlet, 5—damping disc, 6—mineralization chamber, 7—mineralization chamber outlet, 8—discharge Turbulent tube, 9—steel pipe, 10—flotation column feed inlet, 11—flotation column, 12—selection tank, 13—flotation aid baffle, 14—tailing port, 15—microporous ceramic plate, 16— Flotation column air inlet, 17—air compressor, 18—accident discharge port.

detailed description

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with Figure 1:

As shown in Figure 1, the column sorting equipment based on mineralization-flotation separation of the present invention includes a stirring barrel 1, a pump 2, a bubble generator 3, a mineralization chamber 6, a turbulence tube 8, a flotation column 11, and air Compressor 17;

The top of the mixing barrel 1 is provided with a motor, the motor shaft extends vertically into the mixing barrel 1 and a stirrer is provided. The bottom of the mixing barrel 1 is connected to the inlet of the pump 2 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the pump 2 passes through the pipeline. Connected to the inlet of the bubble generator 3, the mineralization chamber 6 includes an upper cylindrical tube structure and a bottom of a funnel-shaped structure. The bottom side of the cylindrical tube structure is provided with an inlet 4, and the outlet of the bubble generator 3 is connected to the mine through a pipeline. The inlet 4 below the columnar cylindrical structure of the chemical chamber 6 is connected. The middle and lower part of the mineralization chamber 6 is provided with an inlet 4 and is tangent to the mineralization chamber 6. The slurry is fed into the mineralization chamber 6 in a tangential manner, funnel-shaped The bottom of the structure is provided with an accident discharge port 18 with a valve, a plurality of damping discs 5 are provided on the side wall of the columnar tube structure, and a mineralization chamber discharge port 7 is provided on the upper side wall of the columnar tube structure of the mineralization chamber 6. The mineralization chamber 6 described is a cyclone shell, inside which is provided with a multi-layer damping disk 5, and the multi-layer damping disks 5 are evenly arranged around the cyclone shell of the mineralization chamber 6, and the number is 4-8. The turbulence of the slurry improves the probability of adhesion between fine particles and bubbles;

The flotation column 11 includes a columnar part, the top of the columnar part is provided with a selection tank 12, the selection tank 12 is provided with a concentrate port, and the side wall of the columnar part is provided with a flotation column inlet 10 and a mineralization chamber 6. The outlet 7 of the mineralization chamber is connected to the inlet 10 of the flotation column through a turbulent tube 8 which includes a number of steel pipes 9 which are welded in pairs into a bundle. The cross-section of the bundle The diameter of the steel pipe 9 is 5-6mm and the length of the steel pipe is 15-25mm, which can effectively reduce the fluid turbulence and reduce the probability of desorption of coarse particles in the flotation process. The discharge port 7 of the mineralization chamber is connected with the mineralization chamber. 6 Tangent, the pulp enters the turbulent flow tube in a tangential manner. 8 The bottom of the columnar part is provided with an inverted trapezoidal funnel part. The funnel part and the columnar part are provided with one or more layers of microporous ceramic plates 15 as gas channels. The plate 15 has a hole diameter of 5-100μm. Gas is blown through the microporous ceramic plate 15. The multilayer microporous ceramic plate 15 serves as a gas channel to prevent the slurry solution in the flotation column from entering the air compressor 17, and the bottom of the funnel is equipped with flotation The column air inlet 16, the flotation column air inlet 16 is connected to the air compressor 17 through a pipeline, the flotation column inlet 10 is provided with a downwardly inclined flotation baffle 13 at the position opposite to the flotation column The angle between the baffle 13 and the flotation column 11 is 15°-60°, which effectively prevents the slurry from entering the flotation column 11 and directly colliding with the opposite column wall, reducing the probability of desorption of coarse particles, and improving the stability of flotation. A tailing port 14 is provided on the side wall under the columnar part of the column 11 at a position 1-10 mm above the microporous ceramic plate 15.

A column separation method based on mineralization-flotation separation, and its steps are:

First turn on the air compressor 17 to inflate the flotation column 11 through the flotation column air inlet 16,

Ensure that the accident discharge pipe 18 of the mineralization chamber 6 is closed, and feed the floating coal slime and the medicament into the mixing tank 1 and mix it evenly to obtain the mixture. The mixture is pressurized by the pump 2 and then fed into the bubble generator 3.

The mixture produces negative pressure under the action of the jet in the bubble generator 3, which effectively sucks in air, and pulverizes the air into tiny bubbles and mixes with the mixture to form a mixture containing tiny bubbles. The mixture containing tiny bubbles is along the inlet 4 of the mineralization chamber The tangent line is fed into the mineralization chamber 6 to form a centrifugal force field. Under the action of the damping disk 5 of the mineralization chamber 6 and the centrifugal force field, the hydrophobic coal particles in the mixture containing tiny bubbles collide with the bubbles in turbulent flow and form mineralized bubbles. The mineralized bubbles pass through the turbulence tube 8 to eliminate the large vortex inside and then enter the flotation column 11.

In the flotation column 11, the flotation column inlet 10 is used as the dividing line, the area above the dividing line is the static separation zone, and the bottom is the air flotation sweeping area; the mineralized bubble mixture after the vortex is eliminated in the flotation column 11. With the help of the floating baffle 13, the static separation is completed in the static separation zone, and the particles in the uncompleted mineralization and desorption mixture enter the flotation sweeping zone for enhanced recovery.

Finally, the clean coal floats into the beneficiation tank 12, and the tail coal is discharged from the discharge port 14 until the separation of the slime is completed.

Work flow: First, open the air pressure random 17 to inflate the flotation column 11 through the air inlet 16 and close the accident discharge pipe 18 of the mineralization chamber 6. After the floating slime and medicament are mixed evenly in the mixing tank 1, the mixture is fed into the bubble generator 3 through the pump 2. The mixture sucks in air under the negative pressure generated by the jet, and pulverizes the gas into tiny bubbles. The mixture of tiny bubbles is fed into the mineralization chamber 6 along the tangent line of the inlet 4 of the mineralization chamber. Under the action of the centrifugal force field of the mineralization chamber 6, the hydrophobic coal particles collide with the bubbles in turbulent flow and form mineralized bubbles. After the large internal vortex is eliminated through the turbulence pipe 8, it enters the flotation column 11, where the static separation is completed in the static separation zone. The unfinished mineralization and desorption particles enter the flotation sweeping zone for enhanced recovery. Finally, the cleaned coal floats into the refined In the selection tank 12, the tail coal is discharged from the discharge port 14 until the separation of the slime is completed.

After the floating ore slurry is mixed by the mixing equipment, it enters the cyclone mineralization chamber after passing through the bubble generator. The high-speed rotating ore slurry collides with the bubbles in high intensity turbulence and forms mineralized bubbles. The mineralized bubbles are eliminated by the turbulence tube to eliminate the large vortex. After entering the static separation area of the flotation column to complete the static separation, the bottom of the static separation area of the flotation column is equipped with a flotation aid baffle to prevent the slurry from entering the tailings from short-circuit, and the uncompleted mineralization and desorption of ore particles enter the flotation sweeping area. Carry out enhanced recycling. Finally, the low-ash clean coal enters the clean coal recovery device, and the high-ash minerals are discharged from the tailings. The advantage of the present invention is that the mineralization chamber is separated from the separation area, which truly realizes turbulent collision and static separation, which not only facilitates the high-selectivity separation of fine particles, but also helps reduce the flotation and shedding of low-ash coarse particles. Probability, large equipment processing capacity, strong adaptability to different coal qualities, low production and operation costs, convenient installation and operation, overall improved the quantity and quality of clean coal products, and significant economic benefits.

Claims

A column separation equipment based on mineralization-flotation separation, which is characterized in that it includes a stirring barrel (1), a pump (2), a bubble generator (3), a mineralization chamber (6), and a turbulence tube ( 8) Flotation column (11) and air compressor (17);

The top of the mixing barrel (1) is provided with a motor, the motor shaft extends vertically into the mixing barrel (1), and a stirrer is provided. The bottom of the mixing barrel (1) is connected to the inlet of the pump (2) through a pipeline. The discharge port of (2) is connected to the inlet of the bubble generator (3) through a pipeline. The mineralization chamber (6) includes an upper columnar tube structure and a bottom of a funnel-shaped structure. The lower side of the columnar tube structure is provided with an inlet Port (4), the outlet of the bubble generator (3) is connected to the inlet (4) below the columnar structure of the mineralization chamber (6) through a pipeline, and the middle and lower part of the mineralization chamber (6) is provided with an inlet The port (4) is tangent to the mineralization chamber (6), and the slurry is fed into the mineralization chamber (6) in a tangential manner. The bottom of the funnel-shaped structure is provided with an accident discharge port (18) with a valve, and the side wall of the cylindrical tube structure A plurality of damping discs (5) are provided on the upper side, and a mineralization chamber discharge port (7) is provided on the upper side wall of the columnar cylindrical structure of the mineralization chamber (6),

The flotation column (11) includes a columnar part, the top of the columnar part is provided with a selection tank (12), the selection tank (12) is provided with a concentrate port, and the side wall of the columnar part is provided with a flotation column inlet (10), the mineralization chamber outlet (7) of the mineralization chamber (6) is connected to the flotation column inlet (10) through the turbulence eliminator (8), and the mineralization chamber outlet (7) is parallel to Tangent to the mineralization chamber (6), the slurry enters the turbulence tube (8) in a tangential manner, and the bottom of the columnar part is provided with an inverted trapezoidal funnel part, and the funnel part and the columnar part are provided with one or more layers of microporous ceramic plates transversely (15) As a gas channel, the bottom of the funnel is provided with a flotation column air inlet (16), the flotation column air inlet (16) is connected to the air compressor (17) through a pipeline, and the flotation column inlet (10) A downwardly inclined floating baffle (13) is provided on the opposite surface,

A tailing port (14) is provided on the side wall below the columnar part of the flotation column (11), which is located 1-10 mm above the microporous ceramic plate (15).
The column sorting equipment based on mineralization-flotation separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mineralization chamber (6) is a cyclone shell with a multi-layer damping disk (5 ), the multi-layer damping discs (5) are evenly arranged around the cyclone shell of the mineralization chamber (6), the number is 4-8, the turbulence of the slurry is increased, and the probability of adhesion between fine particles and bubbles is improved.
The column sorting equipment based on mineralization-flotation separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inside of the scavenger tube (8) includes several steel pipes (9), and the steel pipes (9) are welded two by one into one The cross section of the bundle is similar to a circle, the diameter of the steel pipe (9) is 5-6mm, and the length of the steel pipe is 15-25mm.
The column sorting equipment based on mineralization-flotation separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the angle between the flotation aid baffle (13) and the flotation column (11) is 15°-60°, which is effective Prevent the ore pulp from entering the flotation column (11) and directly collide with the opposite column wall, reduce the probability of desorption of coarse particles, and improve the flotation stability.
The column sorting equipment based on mineralization-flotation separation according to claim 1, characterized in that the pore diameter of the microporous ceramic plate (15) is 5-100 μm.
A column separation method based on mineralization-flotation separation using the column separation equipment based on mineralization-flotation separation of claim 1, characterized in that the steps are:

First turn on the air compressor (17) to inflate the flotation column (11) through the flotation column air inlet (16),

Ensure that the accident discharge pipe (18) of the mineralization chamber (6) is closed, and feed the floating slime and medicament into the mixing tank (1) to obtain the mixture after being evenly mixed. The mixture is pressurized by the pump (2) and then fed Bubble generator (3),

The mixture produces negative pressure under the action of the jet in the bubble generator (3), which effectively sucks in air, and pulverizes the air into tiny bubbles and mixes with the mixture to form a mixture containing tiny bubbles. The mixture containing tiny bubbles is fed along the mineralization chamber. The tangent line of the port (4) is fed into the mineralization chamber (6) to form a centrifugal force field. Under the action of the damping disk (5) of the mineralization chamber (6) and the centrifugal force field, the hydrophobic coal particles and air bubbles in the mixture containing tiny bubbles Turbulent collision occurs and mineralized bubbles are formed. The mineralized bubbles pass through the turbulence tube (8) to eliminate the large internal vortex and enter the flotation column (11).

In the flotation column (11), the flotation column inlet (10) is the dividing line, the area above the dividing line is the static separation zone, and the bottom is the air flotation sweeping area; the mineralized bubble mixture after the vortex is eliminated in the flotation With the help of the flotation baffle (13) of the column (11), the static separation is completed in the static separation zone, and the particles in the uncompleted mineralization and desorption mixture enter the flotation sweeping zone for enhanced recovery.

Finally, the clean coal floats into the beneficiation tank (12), and the tail coal is discharged from the discharge port (14) until the separation of the slime is completed.