CN113461196B - Fiber particle combined double-bubble enhanced oil-water separation complete equipment and method - Google Patents
Fiber particle combined double-bubble enhanced oil-water separation complete equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a fiber particle combined double-bubble enhanced oil-water separation complete equipment and a method, which comprises a demulsification filtering unit and a cyclone air flotation unit, wherein the demulsification filtering unit is an oleophylic hydrophobic fiber filter, and the inside of the demulsification filtering unit comprises a plurality of stages of fiber particle beds from top to bottom, and is used for coalescing, demulsifying and separating emulsion; the cyclone air-floating unit is a double-bubble jet cyclone air-floating device, an air-floating inner cylinder is arranged in the air-floating device, and a primary bubble generator and a secondary bubble generator are sequentially arranged in the air-floating inner cylinder from bottom to top and used for generating bubble groups and separating oil from water under the action of air-floating; a circulating injection mechanism comprising a entrainment nozzle is arranged on the air flotation inner cylinder, and a rotational flow field is formed in the air flotation inner cylinder to accelerate collision and separation of liquid drops; and the oil-water separation is enhanced by coupling the circulating injection mechanism with the primary bubble generator and the secondary bubble generator. The complete equipment and the method have the advantages of stable operation, wide adaptability, high oil-water separation efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-water separation, and particularly relates to fiber particle combined double-bubble enhanced oil-water separation complete equipment and a method, which are suitable for oil-containing wastewater treatment in fields such as offshore oil-gas platforms, petrochemical industry, textile printing and dyeing and the like.
Background
Petroleum and various petroleum derivatives are important basic substances for promoting national economy and scientific and technological development, and the water-oil ratio of produced liquid is continuously increased along with continuous deepening of oil field exploitation, so that the exploitation cost is increased, and a large amount of water body environment pollution is caused. In addition, the oily wastewater discharged from industries such as petrochemical industry, textile printing and dyeing, and industrial processing contains hydrocarbons such as alkane, cycloalkane, and aromatic hydrocarbon, and many toxic substances such as phenol, amine, aldehyde ketone, and organic acid. If the oily wastewater is not recycled, the oily wastewater will cause great pollution to the soil environment and the ecological environment, and seriously threaten the health and safety of human beings, animals and plants.
Depending on the form of oil present in water, oily wastewater can be divided into four types: tall oil, dispersed oil, emulsified oil and dissolved oil. The floating oil is formed by floating oil on the surface of water in a continuous phase to form a layer of oil film, the particle size of the floating oil is larger and is generally larger than 150 mu m, and the wastewater of the type is easy to separate; the dispersed oil is formed by suspending and dispersing tiny oil drops in water, the particle size is generally between 20 and 150 mu m, the state is unstable, the tiny oil drops are easy to aggregate under the action of external force to form large oil drops, and then the large oil drops are converted into free floating oil, but the dispersed oil is also easy to be converted into emulsified oil under the action of an emulsifier; the emulsified oil is formed by that oil drops exist in water in an emulsified form, the grain size of the oil drops is generally 5-20 mu m, the emulsified oil has good stability due to containing a surfactant, and the separation difficulty is higher than that of the former two types; the dissolved oil is oil dispersed in water in the form of solution, is a very stable homogeneous system, has a particle size of less than 5 μm, and is difficult to separate because of extremely small and stable particle size.
At present, the method for treating the oil pollution of the wastewater mainly comprises the following steps: gravity separation, ultrasonic, microbiological, adsorption, chemical coagulation, electrolysis and membrane separation techniques. The gravity separation method is the most common separation method for treating oil-water mixture at present, can treat dispersed oil and floating oil in oil-water, removes oil drops with the particle size of more than 60 mu m, can treat a large batch of oil-water mixture, and has stable separation effect but large occupied area; the ultrasonic method can treat dispersed oil and emulsified oil in oil-water mixture, the particle size of removed oil drops is more than 10 mu m, the separation effect is good, but the ultrasonic equipment is expensive, and only a small amount of oil-water mixture can be treated; the microbial method is adopted, oil is converted into non-toxic substances such as fatty acid, carbon dioxide, water and the like by converting and decomposing hydrocarbon through oil-eating bacteria, the advantages of cleanness, environmental protection, high benefit and the like are achieved, the conditions of strict water temperature, nutrition supply and the like are required for maintaining the propagation of microorganisms, and the application of the microbial method is greatly limited; the adsorption method can be used for treating the dissolved oil in the oil-water mixture, the particle size of the removed oil drops is less than 10 mu m, the separated water quality is good, the occupied area of the equipment is small,but the investment of adsorption equipment is high, and the regeneration of the adsorbent is difficult; the chemical coagulation method can be used for treating emulsified oil in oil water, the grain diameter of oil drops is larger than 10 mu m, the oil water treatment operation of the chemical coagulation method is simple, the technology is mature, but the occupied area of equipment is large, a large amount of medicament is added, and secondary pollution is easy to generate; the electrolytic method can treat emulsified oil in oil water, the particle size of the droplets is larger than 10 mu m, the electrolytic method has high oil removal efficiency and strong operation sustainability, but has high energy consumption and complex equipment, and the electrolysis can generate explosive gas H 2 (ii) a The membrane separation method is characterized in that substances such as macromolecules, particles, colloids and the like are intercepted by means of the pore size of the membrane, the particle size of oil drops is 0.1 nm-10 mu m, the separation efficiency is high, the operation is simple, but the maintenance cost is high, the thermal stability is poor and the corrosion resistance is not good.
Aiming at the problems in the field of oil-water separation at present, the equipment and the method for strengthening oil-water separation with high oil-water separation efficiency and wide adaptability are needed to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a complete set of equipment and a method for fiber particle combined double-bubble enhanced oil-water separation, which utilize a hydrophilic and hydrophobic fiber filter to enable emulsified oil to be aggregated and realize demulsification, and utilize a double-bubble jet spiral-flow type air floatation device to generate a spiral-flow field in an inner cylinder through a entrainment nozzle; micro bubbles are generated by the first-stage bubble generator and the second-stage bubble generator, so that the micro bubbles collide with oil drops to be converged, the oil drops are adhered to the micro bubbles, and the oil-water separation efficiency is further enhanced.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the fiber particle combined double-bubble enhanced oil-water separation complete equipment comprises a demulsification filtering unit and a rotational flow air flotation unit, wherein:
the demulsification filtering unit is a hydrophilic-hydrophobic fiber filter, a feed inlet pipeline is arranged at the top of the filter, a plurality of stages of fiber particle beds are arranged in the filter from top to bottom, the fiber particle beds are filled in the filter and are connected with the inner wall of the filter at the periphery, the feed inlet pipeline is communicated with the uppermost fiber particle bed, a filter oil phase outlet is formed in the wall surface at the top of the filter, and a filter water phase outlet is formed in the wall surface at the bottom of the filter;
the rotational flow air floating unit is a double-bubble jet rotational flow type air floating device, the bottom of the air floating device is provided with an air floating device inlet, and the air floating device inlet is communicated with the water phase outlet of the filter; an air floatation inner cylinder is arranged at the axis of the air floatation device, and the bottom of the air floatation inner cylinder is communicated with an inlet of the air floatation device; a primary bubble generator and a secondary bubble generator are sequentially arranged in the air floatation inner cylinder from bottom to top and are used for generating bubble groups and separating oil from water under the action of air floatation; the air flotation inner cylinder is provided with a circulating injection mechanism which is used for forming a rotational flow field in the air flotation inner cylinder and accelerating the collision and separation of liquid drops; the bottom wall of the air floatation device is provided with a purified water outlet, the top wall of the air floatation device is provided with an air outlet, and the wall above the air floatation inner cylinder is provided with an oil phase outlet of the air floatation device.
The invention is further arranged in that the primary bubble generator is of a disc-shaped structure with a central hole at the center, is arranged at the bottom of the air floatation inner cylinder, is provided with primary dense holes along the circumference of the primary bubble generator, is gradually densely distributed from the outer side to the center along the radial direction, and is used for generating large bubbles with the particle size of 100-1000 mu m.
The invention is further set that the secondary bubble generator is of a disc-shaped structure and is arranged in the air flotation inner cylinder at a position 2/3 away from the bottom of the air flotation inner cylinder, secondary dense holes are uniformly formed in the secondary bubble generator at equal intervals, and the secondary bubble generator is used for generating small bubbles of 10-100 mu m.
The invention is further arranged in a way that the circulating injection mechanism comprises a plurality of groups of corresponding circulating outlets and circulating inlets which are respectively arranged at the bottom end and the side wall of the air floatation inner cylinder, the circulating outlets and the circulating inlets are communicated and provide power through a circulating pump, and the circulating inlets are connected with entrainment nozzles which are inclined downwards in the side wall of the air floatation inner cylinder.
The invention is further set that the entrainment nozzle comprises a nozzle inlet and a nozzle outlet, the nozzle inlet is communicated with the circulation inlet, one end of the inner side of the nozzle inlet is of a reducing structure, the entrainment nozzle is provided with an entrainment hole at the radial position of the reducing structure, and a Venturi reinforced section is arranged between the entrainment hole and the nozzle outlet.
The invention is further set that the entrainment nozzle is arranged on the air flotation inner cylinder at a position 1/3 away from the bottom of the air flotation inner cylinder, and the included angle between the axis of the entrainment nozzle and the generatrix of the air flotation inner cylinder is 30-80 degrees.
The invention is further set that the air floatation inner cylinder is of a conical structure, the included angle between a bus of the air floatation inner cylinder and a horizontal line is 30-80 degrees, and the length of the air floatation inner cylinder is 2/3 of the tangent length of the air floatation device.
The invention is further provided that the filter comprises three stages of fiber particle beds, namely a first stage fiber particle bed, a second stage fiber particle bed and a third stage fiber particle bed from top to bottom, wherein the bed thickness of each stage of fiber particle bed is 10% -30% of the tangent length of the container of the filter; the porosity is respectively 0.2-0.3,0.3-0.5,0.5-0.7, and the fabric is obtained by weaving through an X-type fiber weaving method.
The invention is further provided with a backwashing water inlet arranged at the bottom of the filter and used for carrying out high-pressure backwashing water injection and blowing on the filter according to the actual operation working condition so as to prevent the blockage of particles in the filter.
The invention also provides a method for strengthening oil-water separation by using the complete equipment for strengthening oil-water separation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The oil-water mixture enters the demulsification filtering unit through the feed inlet pipeline, is subjected to coalescence demulsification through the fiber particle bed, an oil phase generated after coalescence demulsification is discharged and collected from the oil phase outlet of the filter, and a generated water phase is discharged from the water phase outlet of the filter;
(2) The water phase in the step (1) enters the cyclone air flotation unit through the inlet of the air flotation device, the primary bubble generator and the secondary bubble generator respectively generate bubbles with different sizes, and oil drops in water are loaded and floated by utilizing the nonpolar oleophylic property, so that the high-efficiency separation of oil and water is realized; meanwhile, the fluid in the air flotation inner cylinder circularly flows under the action of the circulating injection mechanism, and a rotational flow field is formed in the air flotation inner cylinder to strengthen the coalescence and separation of the oil phase in water;
(3) And (3) discharging the gas generated in the step (2) through the exhaust port, discharging and collecting the generated oil phase from an oil phase outlet of the air floatation device, and discharging the generated clean water from a purified water outlet.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a complete set of equipment and a method for fiber particle combined double-bubble enhanced oil-water separation, which utilize a hydrophilic-hydrophobic fiber filter to enable emulsified oil to be aggregated and realize emulsion breaking, and utilize a double-bubble jet spiral-flow type air floatation device to enhance the oil-water separation efficiency through coupling of a entrainment nozzle and a primary bubble generator and a secondary bubble generator:
(1) The emulsion is coalesced and demulsified by a hydrophilic and hydrophobic filter comprising a plurality of stages of fiber particle beds, the fiber particle bed module can enable emulsified oil drops to coalesce, fuse and grow up, and the larger the particle size of the oil drops is, the higher the oil removal efficiency is; tiny oil drops in the oil-containing sewage are adhered to the surface of the packed bed layer and gradually accumulated to become large oil drops which are accelerated to separate under the action of buoyancy; high-pressure clean water is injected into the bottom backwashing water inlet, and solid-phase substances in the blocked fiber particle bed are swept away through pressure difference, so that the aim of efficient and stable operation of the device is fulfilled;
(2) The double-bubble jet spiral-flow type air floatation device is coupled with a secondary bubble generator through a entrainment nozzle to separate oil and water of a water sample; the entrainment nozzle is introduced into a circulating water sample through the circulating injection mechanism and entrains an oil-containing water sample through the entrainment hole, a rotational flow field is generated at the bottom of the air flotation inner cylinder, and collision and separation of liquid drops are accelerated; produce the microbubble through a secondary bubble generator, the bubble bumps with oil drips when removing, and part or whole bubble adhesion take place to adhere on oil drips or microbubble and oil drip to take place to adhere the back, get into oil and drip inside, form the light particle of oil package gas, and also perhaps bubble crowd forms the flocculent body with oil drips, and then accelerates oil-dripping's come-up, realizes the high-efficient separation of profit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a process for enhanced oil-water separation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a demulsification filtering unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cyclone air-floating unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a primary bubble generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a secondary bubble generator according to the present invention;
FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of a entrainment nozzle in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 6B is a front view of the entrainment nozzle according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and that certain insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art based on the teachings herein.
Example 1
The invention provides a fiber particle combined double-bubble enhanced oil-water separation complete equipment, as shown in figure 1, the enhanced oil-water separation complete equipment comprises a demulsification filtering unit 1 and a rotational flow air flotation unit 2, wherein:
combine fig. 2 to show, breakdown of emulsion filter unit 1 is hydrophilic and hydrophobic fiber filter, the top of filter 1 is equipped with feed inlet pipeline 11, include a plurality of grades of fibre granule beds 12 down from last in the filter 1, fibre granule bed 12 all around with 1 interior wall connection of filter just feed inlet pipeline 11 with the fibre granule bed 12 intercommunication of the superiors, make and get into the oil water mixture of filter 1 direct with fibre granule bed 12 contacts, coalescence separation under the fibre granule effect, the top wall of filter 1 is equipped with filter oil phase export 13, and the bottom wall is equipped with filter water phase export 14.
Referring to fig. 3, the cyclone air-floating unit 2 is a double-bubble jet cyclone air-floating device, an air-floating device inlet 21 is arranged at the bottom of the air-floating device 2, the air-floating device inlet 21 is communicated with the water phase outlet 14 of the filter through a pipeline, and a booster pump 3 is mounted on the pipeline for conveying fluid; an air floatation inner cylinder 22 is arranged at the axis of the air floatation device 2, and the bottom of the air floatation inner cylinder 22 is communicated with the air floatation device inlet 21; the air flotation device is characterized in that a first-stage bubble generator 23 and a second-stage bubble generator 24 are sequentially arranged in the air flotation inner cylinder 22 from bottom to top, air is blown into the air through an air pump 4 outside the air flotation device 2, bubble groups are generated through the bubble generators, bubbles collide with oil drops when moving, and partial or whole bubbles adhere to the oil drops or tiny bubbles adhere to the oil drops and then enter the oil drops to form light particles of oil-coated gas, or the bubble groups and the oil drops form floccules, so that the floating of the oil drops is accelerated, and the high-efficiency oil-water separation is realized; the air flotation inner cylinder 22 is provided with a circulating injection mechanism 25, the circulating injection mechanism 25 comprises a plurality of groups of corresponding circulating outlets 251 and circulating inlets 252 which are respectively arranged at the bottom end and the side wall of the air flotation inner cylinder 22, the circulating inlets 252 are connected with entrainment nozzles 253 which are inclined downwards in the side wall of the air flotation inner cylinder 22, the circulating outlets 251 and the circulating inlets 252 are communicated through pipelines, and circulating pumps 254 are arranged on the pipelines, so that liquid in the air flotation inner cylinder 22 circularly flows through the circulating injection mechanism 25, and is injected into the air flotation inner cylinder 22 through the entrainment nozzles 253 to form a swirling flow field, so that disturbance is enhanced, and collision and separation of liquid drops are accelerated; the bottom end wall surface of the air floatation device 2 is provided with a purified water outlet 26, the top end wall surface is provided with an exhaust port 27, and the wall surface above the air floatation inner cylinder 22 is provided with an oil phase outlet 28 of the air floatation device.
Further, the filter 1 comprises a bed 12 of two to five stages of fiber particles, preferably a bed 12 of three stages of fiber particles.
Further, a primary fiber particle bed 121, a secondary fiber particle bed 122 and a tertiary fiber particle bed 123 are sequentially arranged in the filter 1 from top to bottom, wherein the bed thickness of each stage of fiber particle bed is 10% -30% of the tangent length of the container of the filter 1; the porosity is respectively 0.2-0.3,0.3-0.5,0.5-0.7, preferably 0.25,0.4,0.6; the fiber particle bed 12 is a fiber particle bed with a certain thickness, which is obtained by modifying hydrophilic and hydrophobic fibers with hydrophilic and hydrophobic particles to obtain hydrophilic and hydrophobic fiber particle materials and weaving the hydrophilic and hydrophobic fiber particle materials by using the X-type fiber weaving method described in CN 201410211202.0.
Further, a liquid phase pore plate 15 is arranged above the fiber particle bed 12 in the filter 1, and the liquid phase pore plate 15 comprises an upper pore plate 151 and a lower pore plate 152 which are circular plates with a thickness of 10mm and provided with fine pores. The lower orifice plate 152 is connected with the bottom of the feed inlet pipeline 11, so that an oil-water mixture fed through the feed inlet pipeline 11 passes through the liquid phase orifice plate 15 and is directly introduced into the granular fiber bed 12, and the lower orifice plate 152 is provided with fine holes with the diameter of 3mm and has the function of preventing a fed liquid from splashing into an upper oil layer; the upper pore plate 151 is provided with pores with the diameter of 5mm, and plays roles of secondary splash prevention and oil phase filtration, so that the oil phase which is coagulated and demulsified by the fiber particle bed 12 floats upwards, is collected at the top of the filter 1 after being filtered by the upper pore plate 151, and is discharged from the oil phase outlet 13 of the filter.
Furthermore, the bottom of the filter 1 is provided with a backwashing water inlet 16 for performing high-pressure backwashing water injection and purging on the filter according to actual operation conditions, so that particles in the filter are prevented from being blocked, and the filter can run efficiently, safely and stably.
Further, an oil phase baffle plate 29 is arranged above the inside of the air floatation device 2, the oil phase baffle plate 29 comprises an upper baffle plate 291 and a lower baffle plate 292, the upper baffle plate 291 and the lower baffle plate 292 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of an oil phase outlet 28 of the air floatation device, and are circular plates with the thickness of 10mm and provided with fine holes. The lower baffle plate 292 is used for calibrating a water-oil interface and preventing the mixed liquid from entering the upper layer of the lower baffle plate 292, so that an oil-water mixing area is arranged below the lower baffle plate 292, an oil phase aggregation area is arranged between the lower baffle plate 292 and the upper baffle plate 291, and the aggregated oil phase is discharged from an oil phase outlet 28 of the air flotation device; the upper baffle plate 291 is used for calibrating an oil-gas interface, can inhibit the splashing of oil drops carried by airflow, and reduces oil loss, so that the upper layer of the upper baffle plate 291 is a gas phase region.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the primary bubble generator 23 is a disc-shaped structure with a central hole in the center, and is installed at the bottom of the air flotation inner cylinder 22, and a primary bubble generator air inlet 231 communicated with the air pump 4 is arranged at the side edge of the primary bubble generator 23, and the air inflow is adjusted by the air gauge 5; the circumference along one-level bubble generator 23 is equipped with one-level intensive hole 232, one-level intensive hole 232 distributes from the outside to the center along radial and is intensive gradually, one-level bubble generator 23 is used for producing the big bubble that the particle size is 100-1000 mu m for catch the little oil droplet of inner tube bottom particle size, increase the whole rising speed of coalescence oil droplet simultaneously, and then provide sufficient buoyancy.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the secondary bubble generator 24 is a disc-shaped structure, and is installed in the air flotation inner cylinder 22 at a position 2/3 away from the bottom of the air flotation inner cylinder 22, a secondary bubble generator air inlet 241 communicated with the air pump 4 is arranged at a side edge of the secondary bubble generator 24, and the air inflow is adjusted by an air gauge 5; the secondary bubble generator 24 is uniformly provided with secondary dense holes 242 at equal intervals, and the secondary bubble generator 24 is used for generating small bubbles of 10-100 microns, so that the instantaneous contact angle and the attachment surface area of the small bubbles with oil drops can be increased, and the air floatation efficiency is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the entrainment nozzle 253 includes a nozzle inlet 255 and a nozzle outlet 259, the nozzle inlet 255 is communicated with the circulation inlet 252, one end of the inside of the nozzle inlet 255 is a tapered structure 256, the entrainment nozzle 253 is provided with an entrainment hole 257 at a radial position of the tapered structure 256, a venturi reinforced section 258 is arranged between the entrainment hole 257 and the nozzle outlet 259, the liquid circulated through the circulation injection mechanism 25 enters from the nozzle inlet 255, negative pressure is generated at the entrainment hole 257 due to high-speed flow of the liquid at the tapered structure 256 to be sucked into the fluid in the air flotation inner cylinder 22, the fluid entering from the nozzle inlet 255 and the entrainment hole 257 is ejected from the nozzle outlet 259 to form a jet flow, and a swirling flow field is generated in the air flotation inner cylinder 22 under the action of hydraulic impact, so as to enhance liquid phase disturbance.
Further, the air floating device 2 comprises 2 to 8 groups of the circulating injection mechanisms 25, and the circulating injection mechanisms are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the air floating inner cylinder 22; the circulating injection mechanisms 25 are preferably 2 sets.
Further, the entrainment nozzle 253 is installed on the air flotation inner cylinder 22 at a position 1/3 away from the bottom of the air flotation inner cylinder 22, and the included angle α between the axis of the entrainment nozzle and the generatrix of the air flotation inner cylinder 22 is 30-80 degrees, preferably 60 degrees.
Furthermore, the air floatation inner cylinder 22 is of a conical structure, so that the collision efficiency of air bubble groups and oil drops in the cylinder and the separation efficiency of clean water can be improved, and the air floatation oil removal effect is further enhanced; an included angle beta between a bus of the air floatation inner cylinder 22 and a horizontal line is 30-80 degrees, and preferably 65 degrees; the length of the air floatation inner cylinder 22 is 2/3 of the tangent length of the air floatation device 2.
The method for strengthening oil-water separation by using the complete equipment combining fiber particles and double bubbles comprises the following steps:
(1) The raw material tank 6 or the oil-water mixture from the upstream enters the hydrophilic and hydrophobic fiber particle filter 1 through the feed inlet pipeline 11, the oil phase generated after coalescence and emulsion breaking is discharged and collected from the oil phase outlet 13 of the filter and the generated water phase is discharged from the water phase outlet 14 of the filter and is conveyed to the inlet 21 of the air flotation device under the action of the booster pump 3;
(2) The water phase in the step (1) enters the double-bubble jet spiral-flow type air flotation device 2 through the air flotation device inlet 21, the primary bubble generator 23 and the secondary bubble generator 24 respectively generate bubbles with different sizes and scales, and oil drops in water are loaded and floated by utilizing the nonpolar oleophylic property, so that the high-efficiency oil-water separation is realized; meanwhile, the fluid in the air flotation inner cylinder 22 circularly flows under the action of the circulating injection mechanism 25, and a rotational flow field is formed in the air flotation inner cylinder 22, so that the coalescence and separation of the oil phase in water are enhanced;
(3) The gas generated in step (2) is discharged through the gas outlet 27, the generated oil phase is discharged and collected from the oil phase outlet 28 of the air flotation device, and the generated clean water is discharged from the purified water outlet 26.
Further, the processing capacity of the complete equipment for enhancing oil-water separation is5-15m 3 /h。
Further, the pressure drop of the air floating device 2 should not be more than 0.2MPa.
Further, the continuous operation period of the filter 1 and the air flotation device 2 is not less than 3 years.
Further, the water content in the oil phase at the oil phase outlet 13 of the filter is not higher than 5%; the water content in the oil phase at the oil phase outlet 28 of the air floatation device is not higher than 5%.
Example 2
The complete equipment of embodiment 1 is used by a petrochemical company to strengthen oil-water separation, and the flow of a pipeline at a feed inlet of the filter is 12m 3 H, oil content 10000mg/L, solid content 0.05%.
The nominal diameter of the filter is 300mm, the tangent length of the container is 1327mm, and the thicknesses of the primary fiber particle bed, the secondary fiber particle bed and the tertiary fiber particle bed are 260mm; the nominal diameter of the air floating device is 377mm, and the tangent length of the container is 1457mm.
The water content of the oil phase in the oil phase outlet of the filter subjected to oil-water separation by the complete equipment is 4.6%, and the oil content of the water phase in the water phase outlet of the filter is 1720mg/L; the water content of the oil phase in the oil phase outlet of the air floatation device is 3.9 percent, and the oil content of the water phase in the purified water outlet is 450mg/L.
The water content in the oil phase after oil-water separation is less than 5%, and the oil content in the purified water is less than 500mg/L, so that the separation requirement is met.
Example 3
The complete equipment of embodiment 1 is used by a petrochemical company to strengthen oil-water separation, and the flow of a pipeline at a feed port of the filter is 8m 3 The oil content is 10350mg/L and the solid content is 0.08%.
The nominal diameter of the filter is 300mm, the tangent length of the container is 1327mm, and the thicknesses of the primary fiber particle bed, the secondary fiber particle bed and the tertiary fiber particle bed are 260mm; the nominal diameter of the air floating device is 377mm, and the tangent length of the container is 1457mm.
The water content of the oil phase in the oil phase outlet of the filter after the oil-water separation of the complete equipment is 3.8 percent, and the oil content of the water phase in the water phase outlet of the filter is 1481mg/L; the water content of the oil phase in the oil phase outlet of the air floatation device is 3.2 percent, and the oil content of the water phase in the purified water outlet is 364mg/L.
The water content in the oil phase after oil-water separation is less than 5%, and the oil content in the purified water is less than 500mg/L, so that the separation requirement is met.
Example 4
The complete equipment of embodiment 1 is utilized by a certain petrochemical company to strengthen oil-water separation, and the flow of a pipeline at a feed port of the filter is 15m 3 H, oil content 7560mg/L, solid content 0.03%.
The nominal diameter of the filter is 300mm, the tangent length of the container is 1327mm, and the thicknesses of the primary fiber particle bed, the secondary fiber particle bed and the tertiary fiber particle bed are 260mm; the nominal diameter of the air floating device is 377mm, and the tangent length of the container is 1457mm.
The water content of the oil phase in the oil phase outlet of the filter after the oil-water separation of the complete equipment is 4.4 percent, and the oil content of the water phase in the water phase outlet of the filter is 1537mg/L; the water content of the oil phase in the oil phase outlet of the air floatation device is 3.5 percent, and the oil content of the water phase in the purified water outlet is 403mg/L.
The water content in the oil phase after oil-water separation is less than 5%, and the oil content in the purified water is less than 500mg/L, so that the separation requirement is met.
Comparative examples 1 to 3
A petrochemical company using the plant described in example 1 to enhance oil-water separation under the same treatment conditions as those described in examples 2 to 4, respectively, except that: and the circulating injection mechanism is closed in the air floatation device, and oil and water are separated under the air floatation action of double bubbles.
The water content of the oil phase in the oil phase outlet of the air floatation device is 6.5-9.3%, and the oil content of the water phase in the purified water outlet is 600-750mg/L.
The water content in the oil phase after oil-water separation is more than 5%, and the oil content in the purified water is more than 500mg/L, so that the separation requirement cannot be met.
Comparative examples 4 to 6
A petrochemical company using the plant described in example 1 to enhance oil-water separation under the same treatment conditions as those described in examples 2 to 4, respectively, except that: and closing an air pump for supplying air bubbles generated by the air bubble generator, and separating oil and water under the action of the jet rotational flow field.
The water content of the oil phase in the oil phase outlet of the air floatation device is 26-35%, and the oil content of the water phase in the purified water outlet is 850-1500mg/L.
The water content in the oil phase after oil-water separation is more than 5%, and the oil content in the purified water is more than 500mg/L, so that the separation requirement cannot be met.
Comparative examples 7 to 9
A petrochemical company using the plant described in example 1 to enhance oil-water separation under the same treatment conditions as those described in examples 2 to 4, respectively, except that: the air quantity of the secondary bubble generator is adjusted to be zero by the air quantity meter, and oil and water are separated under the air flotation action of single bubbles.
In examples 2 to 4, compared with the comparative examples 7 to 9, the air flotation efficiency is improved by 20 to 28 percent under the air flotation effect of double bubbles, and the time for the large bubbles generated by the first-stage bubble generator to be combined with the small bubbles generated by the second-stage bubble generator and then adhered to the oil layer is shortened by 82 to 85 percent compared with the time for the large bubbles to be directly adhered to the oil layer.
Claims (8)
1. The fiber particle combined double-bubble enhanced oil-water separation complete equipment is characterized by comprising a demulsification filtering unit and a rotational flow air flotation unit, wherein:
the demulsification filtering unit is a hydrophilic-hydrophobic fiber filter, a feed port pipeline is arranged at the top of the filter, a plurality of stages of fiber particle beds are arranged in the filter from top to bottom, the periphery of each fiber particle bed is connected with the inner wall of the filter, the feed port pipeline is communicated with the uppermost layer of the fiber particle beds, a filter oil phase outlet is formed in the wall surface of the top of the filter, and a filter water phase outlet is formed in the wall surface of the bottom of the filter;
the rotational flow air floating unit is a double-bubble jet rotational flow type air floating device, the bottom of the air floating device is provided with an air floating device inlet, and the air floating device inlet is communicated with the water phase outlet of the filter; an air floatation inner cylinder is arranged at the axis of the air floatation device, and the bottom of the air floatation inner cylinder is communicated with an inlet of the air floatation device; a primary bubble generator and a secondary bubble generator are sequentially arranged in the air flotation inner cylinder from bottom to top and are used for generating bubble groups and separating oil from water under the action of air flotation, the primary bubble generator is used for generating large bubbles with the particle size of 100-1000 mu m, and the secondary bubble generator is used for generating small bubbles with the particle size of 10-100 mu m;
the circulating injection mechanism comprises a plurality of groups of corresponding circulating outlets and circulating inlets which are respectively arranged at the bottom end and the side wall of the air flotation inner cylinder, the circulating outlets are communicated with the circulating inlets and provide power through a circulating pump, and the circulating inlets are connected with entrainment nozzles which are inclined downwards in the side wall of the air flotation inner cylinder; the entrainment nozzle comprises a nozzle inlet and a nozzle outlet, the nozzle inlet is communicated with the circulating inlet, one end of the inner side of the nozzle inlet is of a reducing structure, an entrainment hole is arranged at the radial position of the reducing structure of the entrainment nozzle, and a Venturi reinforced section is arranged between the entrainment hole and the nozzle outlet; the bottom wall of the air floatation device is provided with a purified water outlet, the top wall of the air floatation device is provided with an air outlet, and the wall above the air floatation inner cylinder is provided with an oil phase outlet of the air floatation device.
2. The oil-water separation enhancing complete equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the primary bubble generator is a disc-shaped structure with a central hole, is installed at the bottom of the air flotation inner cylinder, and is provided with primary dense holes along the circumference of the primary bubble generator, and the primary dense holes are distributed from the outer side to the center in the radial direction and are gradually dense.
3. The complete equipment for enhancing oil-water separation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the secondary bubble generator is of a disc-shaped structure and is installed in the air flotation inner cylinder at a position 2/3 away from the bottom of the air flotation inner cylinder, and secondary dense holes are uniformly arranged in the secondary bubble generator at equal intervals.
4. The integrated equipment for enhancing oil-water separation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the entrainment nozzle is installed on the air flotation inner cylinder at a position 1/3 of the distance from the bottom of the air flotation inner cylinder, and the included angle between the axis of the entrainment nozzle and the generatrix of the air flotation inner cylinder is 30-80 degrees.
5. The complete equipment for enhancing oil-water separation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air flotation inner cylinder is of a conical structure, the included angle between a generatrix of the air flotation inner cylinder and a horizontal line is 30-80 degrees, and the length of the air flotation inner cylinder is 2/3 of the tangent length of the air flotation device.
6. The enhanced oil-water separation plant of claim 1, wherein the filter comprises three stages of fiber particle beds, namely a primary fiber particle bed, a secondary fiber particle bed and a tertiary fiber particle bed from top to bottom, wherein the bed thickness of each stage of fiber particle bed is 10% -30% of the tangent length of the container of the filter; the porosity is respectively 0.2-0.3,0.3-0.5,0.5-0.7, and the fabric is obtained by weaving through an X-type fiber weaving method.
7. The complete equipment for enhancing oil-water separation as claimed in claim 1, wherein a backwash water inlet is arranged at the bottom of the filter and used for performing high-pressure backwash water injection purging on the filter according to actual operation conditions so as to prevent particles in the filter from being blocked.
8. The method for enhancing oil-water separation of a complete plant for enhancing oil-water separation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method for enhancing oil-water separation comprises the following steps:
(1) The oil-water mixture enters the demulsification filtering unit through the feed inlet pipeline, is subjected to coalescence demulsification through the fiber particle bed, an oil phase generated after coalescence demulsification is discharged and collected from the oil phase outlet of the filter, and a generated water phase is discharged from the water phase outlet of the filter;
(2) The water phase in the step (1) enters the cyclone air flotation unit through the air flotation device inlet, the primary bubble generator and the secondary bubble generator respectively generate bubbles with different sizes and scales, oil drops in water are loaded and floated by utilizing the nonpolar oleophylic property, and the high-efficiency separation of oil and water is realized; meanwhile, the fluid in the air flotation inner cylinder circularly flows under the action of the circulating injection mechanism, and a rotational flow field is formed in the air flotation inner cylinder to strengthen the coalescence and separation of the oil phase in water;
(3) And (3) discharging the gas generated in the step (2) through the exhaust port, discharging and collecting the generated oil phase from an oil phase outlet of the air floatation device, and discharging the generated clean water from a purified water outlet.
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| CN115385506B (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2023-06-02 | 宝钢工程技术集团有限公司 | Alkali liquor defoaming, purifying and deoiling device and using method thereof |
| CN116062827B (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2024-05-28 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Device for simulating mutual collision of bubbles and liquid drops |
| CN116986769B (en) * | 2023-09-06 | 2024-05-17 | 上海世尼环保技术有限公司 | Micro-sand ballast precipitation device with deep oil removal function |
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