WO2020151577A1 - Catalyseur d'oxyde de cérium modifié par de l'acide phosphorique, et procédé de préparation et application du catalyseur d'oxyde de cérium - Google Patents

Catalyseur d'oxyde de cérium modifié par de l'acide phosphorique, et procédé de préparation et application du catalyseur d'oxyde de cérium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020151577A1
WO2020151577A1 PCT/CN2020/072585 CN2020072585W WO2020151577A1 WO 2020151577 A1 WO2020151577 A1 WO 2020151577A1 CN 2020072585 W CN2020072585 W CN 2020072585W WO 2020151577 A1 WO2020151577 A1 WO 2020151577A1
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Prior art keywords
cerium oxide
phosphoric acid
catalyst
oxide catalyst
chlorine
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PCT/CN2020/072585
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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吴忠标
翁小乐
戴晓霞
刘越
王海强
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浙江大学
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Publication of WO2020151577A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020151577A1/fr

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/14Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • B01J27/16Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr
    • B01J27/18Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr with metals other than Al or Zr
    • B01J27/1802Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates
    • B01J27/1804Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates with rare earths or actinides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8659Removing halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D53/8662Organic halogen compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/206Organic halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/2064Chlorine

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of air pollution control, in particular to a phosphoric acid modified cerium oxide catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof.
  • Chlorine-containing volatile organic compounds are a type of organic matter, such as chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichloroethylene, etc., which are commonly used reagents in industrial production processes and are discharged into the environment in the form of waste water or exhaust gas. Most of the chlorinated volatile organic compounds are environmentally persistent and highly toxic. They can exist for a long time in the atmosphere or water environment, and accumulate in organisms through the food chain, causing "carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic" effects. Chlorine-containing organic compounds are generally toxic. The U.S.
  • Environmental Protection Agency screened out 65 categories and 129 priority control "blacklists" from more than 70,000 compounds based on the toxicity of the compounds, the possibility of natural degradation, and the probability of occurrence in water. , Of which there are 7 kinds of PCBs and related compounds.
  • the most serious pollutants to my country's environment include one type of polychlorinated biphenyls, four types of chlorinated benzenes, and ten types of halogenated hydrocarbons. It can be seen that the pollution of organic chlorides is quite common and serious, so the treatment of organic chlorides is currently an important part of environmental protection.
  • Chlorine-containing volatile organic compounds can be roughly divided into two categories: one is low molecular weight organic chlorides, mainly including chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, trichloroethylene, trichloroethane, and tetrachloride Ethylene, chlorobenzene, etc.; the second is polychlorinated compounds, including polychlorinated biphenyl furans and dioxins. Most of these compounds come from organic solvents in industrial applications, fire extinguishing agents, thermal conductive fluids, intermediates of chemical products, and by-products of the power industry. Their concentration in industrial waste gas or incineration plants varies greatly.
  • the former is typically between 200 and 2000 ppm, while the latter is usually less than 1 ng/m 3 .
  • Organized emission of chlorine-containing volatile organic compounds can generally be collected and processed to effectively reduce the content in the exhaust gas.
  • the development and application of high-efficiency terminal processing technology is the focus of current research work.
  • low-temperature plasma technology and membrane separation technology have gradually emerged in the treatment of low-concentration organic waste gas, and photocatalytic technology has also been further developed.
  • the commonly used control technologies mainly include thermal combustion, catalytic combustion, adsorption, absorption, condensation, etc.
  • the removal efficiency is usually related to the inlet concentration.
  • Catalytic combustion technology has become one of the most promising technologies due to its high processing efficiency, low energy consumption, heat recovery and no secondary pollution.
  • the key problem to be solved in the development of catalysts in the catalytic combustion of chlorinated volatile organic pollutants is to increase the service life of the catalyst.
  • transition metal oxides such as manganese oxide and cerium oxide show good activity in the catalytic combustion of chlorine-containing organic substances, these transition metal oxides can even achieve the same catalytic activity as noble metals, but they cannot avoid catalyst chlorination.
  • the problem of poisoning The chlorine adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst can form oxychloride or chloride with metal ions, thereby reducing the number of active centers of the catalyst or affecting the redox performance of the active centers, and inhibiting the activity of the catalyst.
  • this process also increases the environmental risk of producing highly toxic polychlorinated by-products, especially dioxins.
  • the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN108295852A discloses a Ce-Zr catalyst for the catalytic oxidation of chlorine-containing volatile organic compounds, especially a Ru/CeZrO x type catalyst, which can maintain a relatively high temperature at a lower temperature. Good activity and conversion rate. Due to the use of Ru, the catalyst cost is higher.
  • the Chinese patent document with publication number CN103962134A discloses a method for the combustion and elimination of chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, using cerium oxide nanorods, nanocubes and nano-octahedrons as carriers to support precious metal (Ru) ruthenium as a catalyst, and the reaction is absorbed by dilute alkali solution exhaust.
  • the method has high catalytic activity and no secondary pollutants are generated in the reaction. Also, due to the use of Ru, the catalyst cost is relatively high.
  • the Chinese patent document with publication number CN10389425A discloses a catalyst for the combustion of polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, which is Fe, Ni, Cr, Bi or Mn doped with cobalt tetroxide.
  • the catalyst has high catalytic activity and strong resistance to chlorine poisoning, but its structure is fragile and cannot be suitable for exhaust gas treatment at high airspeed.
  • the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN103962127A discloses a catalyst for the combustion of chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, which is Sr, Ce, Mg, Al, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu doped perovskite structure LaMnO 3 .
  • the catalyst has the advantages of simple preparation, low cost, good thermal stability, but low catalytic activity and easy low-temperature chlorine poisoning.
  • the existing catalysts for catalytic oxidation of chlorine-containing volatile organic compounds have poor water resistance and sulfur resistance, and have higher requirements for the moisture content and sulfur content of the flue gas of chlorine-containing volatile organic compounds.
  • the flue gas needs to be dehydrated and desulfurized first.
  • the invention provides a phosphoric acid-modified cerium oxide catalyst and a preparation method thereof.
  • the prepared catalyst can be used for the catalytic oxidation and degradation of chlorine-containing volatile organic compounds.
  • the catalyst has high catalytic activity, and has strong resistance to chlorine poisoning, sulfur poisoning and water resistance. , Catalytic life is long, and it is not easy to produce toxic by-products during the catalytic oxidation of chlorine-containing volatile organic compounds, and there is no secondary pollution.
  • a preparation method of phosphoric acid modified cerium oxide catalyst includes the following steps:
  • cerium oxide is immersed in a phosphoric acid solution to introduce characteristic phosphoric acid groups on the surface of the catalyst (it will be converted into trihydroxyphosphate in the presence of water vapor), which can be effectively used in the presence of oxygen and water
  • the chlorine-containing volatile organic compounds are dechlorinated to promote the desorption of chlorine on the catalyst surface and prevent chlorine poisoning of the catalyst.
  • the water in the flue gas promotes the catalytic oxidation process.
  • the experimental data shows that the catalyst also has good resistance. Sulfur performance.
  • the loading of phosphorus in the catalyst has an important effect on the catalytic activity of the catalyst.
  • the loading of phosphorus When the loading of phosphorus is low, it has little effect on the chlorine resistance, sulfur resistance and water resistance of the catalyst, and the increase in catalytic activity is not obvious. A higher loading will reduce the catalytic activity of the catalyst, so the phosphorus loading needs to be controlled.
  • the phosphorus loading in the cerium oxide catalyst is 0.1-5%.
  • the phosphorus loading in the cerium oxide catalyst is 0.3 to 1%.
  • the catalyst When the phosphorus loading is controlled at 0.3 to 1%, the catalyst not only has higher catalytic activity, but also has excellent resistance to chlorine, sulfur and water.
  • the concentration of the phosphoric acid solution is 10 to 200 g/L, and the molar ratio of cerium oxide to phosphoric acid is 1:0.05 to 1. More preferably, the molar ratio of cerium oxide to phosphoric acid is 1. :0.05 ⁇ 0.2.
  • the soaking temperature of cerium oxide is 10 to 80°C, and the soaking time is 0.5 to 3h; more preferably, in step (1), the soaking temperature of cerium oxide is 10 to 40°C, and the soaking time For 0.5 ⁇ 1h.
  • Step (1) After soaking, cooling, filtering and washing, a light yellow precipitate is obtained.
  • step (2) calcination can be performed under nitrogen or air atmosphere.
  • the calcination temperature of the catalyst is too high to obtain a form with good catalytic performance and the catalytic efficiency is reduced; the calcination temperature is too low to obtain a catalyst of the target composition.
  • the calcination temperature is 200-300°C.
  • the catalyst calcination time is not easy to be too long, and the calcination time is too long, which causes the catalyst lattice to collapse and the specific surface area decreases.
  • the calcination time is 1 to 2 hours.
  • the present invention also provides the application of the phosphoric acid-modified cerium oxide catalyst in the catalytic oxidation and degradation of chlorine-containing volatile organic substances, including:
  • the volume fraction of water vapor in the flue gas is 0.1 to 5%
  • the reaction temperature is 100 to 300°C.
  • the mass fraction of water vapor in the flue gas is 0.5-2%.
  • the catalyst's catalytic oxidation efficiency of chlorinated volatile organic compounds is improved.
  • the content of water vapor is 0.5-2%
  • the catalyst shows the best removal efficiency of chlorobenzene, increasing water
  • the catalyst still exhibits better catalytic activity.
  • the reaction temperature is 200-300°C.
  • the cerium oxide catalyst has better oxidation efficiency for chlorine-containing volatile organic compounds in the medium and low temperature zone of 100-300°C, and the catalytic efficiency is the best when the temperature zone is 200-300°C.
  • the present invention has simple preparation process, low cost, and is suitable for large-scale production
  • the CeO 2 catalyst treated by phosphoric acid of the present invention makes full use of CeO 2 due to the reversible conversion of Ce 4+ /Ce 3+ , which has good oxygen storage and release performance and oxygen fluidity, and the effect of phosphate on the water of chlorine-containing organic matter
  • the dechlorination ability enables the catalyst of the present invention to stably convert chlorine-containing volatile organic pollutants into H 2 O, CO 2 and HCl for a long time in the environment of industrial waste gas and flue gas. Better chlorine performance;
  • the catalyst of the present invention uses cheap cerium oxide as the active material and uses phosphoric acid treatment, which greatly increases the life of the catalyst, inhibits the generation of toxic by-products during the catalytic reaction, and avoids secondary pollution.
  • Figure 1 is the SS NMR characterization result diagram of the catalyst prepared in Example 1;
  • Fig. 2 is a graph showing the in-situ infrared characterization results of the catalyst prepared in Example 1.
  • the phosphorus loading of the prepared catalyst is 0.7%.
  • the phosphorus loading of the prepared catalyst is 0.4%.
  • the phosphorus loading of the prepared catalyst is 0.7%.
  • the phosphorus loading of the prepared catalyst is 1.2%.
  • the phosphorus loading of the prepared catalyst is 1.2%.
  • the cerium oxide powder was directly calcined at 300° C. for 2 hours in an air atmosphere to obtain a catalyst.
  • Catalytic oxidation of chlorobenzene with the catalyst prepared in the above 5 examples is as follows:
  • the activity experiment was carried out on a fixed bed reactor, the catalyst loading was 1.0g, and the particle size was 40-60 mesh.
  • the test reaction temperature is 100°C, 150°C, 200°C, 225°C, 250°C, 300°C, and the test data for 1 hour reaction is shown in Table 1.
  • the catalyst prepared by the method of the present invention has better oxidation efficiency for chlorobenzene in the medium and low temperature zone of 150-300°C, especially the catalysts prepared in Examples 1 and 3
  • the catalytic efficiency of 300°C temperature zone is above 90%. It can be seen that the catalyst of the present invention is very suitable for the catalytic oxidation of chlorobenzene in flue gas at medium and low temperature.
  • the following experiments were carried out on a fixed bed reactor with a catalyst loading of 1g and a particle size of 40-60 mesh.
  • the test reaction temperature is 100°C, 150°C, 200°C, 225°C, 250°C, 300°C, and the test data for 1 hour reaction is shown in Table 2.
  • the following experiments were carried out on a fixed bed reactor with a catalyst loading of 1g and a particle size of 40-60 mesh.
  • the specific test reaction temperature is 100°C, 150°C, 200°C, 225°C, 250°C, 300°C, and the test data for 1 hour reaction is shown in Table 3.
  • the following experiments were carried out on a fixed bed reactor with a catalyst loading of 1g and a particle size of 40-60 mesh.
  • the test reaction temperature is 100°C, 150°C, 200°C, 225°C, 250°C, 300°C, and the test data for 1 hour reaction is shown in Table 4.
  • the following experiments were carried out on a fixed bed reactor with a catalyst loading of 1g and a particle size of 40-60 mesh.
  • the test reaction temperature is specifically set at 300°C, N 2 is the carrier gas, and the test data is shown in Table 5.
  • the catalyst of Comparative Example 1 without phosphoric acid modification has poor stability and is prone to chlorine poisoning and loses catalytic activity.
  • the following experiments were carried out on a fixed bed reactor with a catalyst loading of 1g and a particle size of 40-60 mesh.
  • the test reaction temperature is specifically 300°C, N 2 is the carrier gas, and the test data is shown in Table 6.
  • the catalyst of the present invention is highly adaptable to flue gas components and is suitable for various compositions. Used in flue gas.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne le domaine technique de la lutte contre la pollution de l'air. L'invention concerne un catalyseur d'oxyde de cérium modifié par de l'acide phosphorique, et un procédé de préparation et une application du catalyseur d'oxyde de cérium. Le procédé de préparation comprend les étapes suivantes : (1) Le trempage de l'oxyde de cérium dans une solution d'acide phosphorique, puis le filtrage de l'oxyde de cérium, le lavage de l'oxyde de cérium à neutre et le séchage de celui-ci; (2) la calcination de l'oxyde de cérium séché à la température de 100 à 400 °C pendant 1 à 4 heures pour obtenir le catalyseur d'oxyde de cérium modifié par l'acide phosphorique. Le catalyseur préparé au moyen du procédé de préparation de la présente invention peut être utilisé pour la dégradation catalytique d'oxydation de composés organiques volatils contenant du chlore, a une activité catalytique élevée, une forte résistance à l'empoisonnement au chlore, la résistance à l'empoisonnement au soufre et la résistance à l'eau, et une longue durée de vie catalytique, ne peuvent pas générer facilement des sous-produits toxiques lorsque les composés organiques volatils contenant du chlore sont catalytiquement oxydés, et n'a pas de pollution secondaire.
PCT/CN2020/072585 2019-01-23 2020-01-17 Catalyseur d'oxyde de cérium modifié par de l'acide phosphorique, et procédé de préparation et application du catalyseur d'oxyde de cérium WO2020151577A1 (fr)

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CN109603869B (zh) * 2019-01-23 2020-07-07 浙江大学 磷酸修饰的氧化铈催化剂及其制备方法和应用
CN111001297A (zh) * 2019-12-25 2020-04-14 浙江大学 水解-氧化两段式降解含氯挥发性有机物的工艺及装置
CN111330606A (zh) * 2020-04-14 2020-06-26 浙江大学 低温高效降解含氯有机废气的催化剂及其制备方法和应用
CN113713820A (zh) * 2021-07-31 2021-11-30 中国计量大学 一种用于含氯发挥性有机物催化氧化的铈钴基酸改性催化剂及其制备方法
CN114534752A (zh) * 2022-01-25 2022-05-27 北京工业大学 一种用于催化燃烧二氯甲烷和甲苯混合物催化剂及其制备方法
CN115970722B (zh) * 2023-03-21 2023-05-16 山东迅达化工集团有限公司 具有有机氯水解功能的低温燃烧催化剂及其在含水蒸气气流净化处理中的应用

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