WO2020151274A1 - 图像显示顺序的确定方法、装置和视频编解码设备 - Google Patents

图像显示顺序的确定方法、装置和视频编解码设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020151274A1
WO2020151274A1 PCT/CN2019/112959 CN2019112959W WO2020151274A1 WO 2020151274 A1 WO2020151274 A1 WO 2020151274A1 CN 2019112959 W CN2019112959 W CN 2019112959W WO 2020151274 A1 WO2020151274 A1 WO 2020151274A1
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Prior art keywords
image
index value
current image
order index
current
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PCT/CN2019/112959
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨海涛
范宇群
马祥
陈焕浜
张恋
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201910679070.7A external-priority patent/CN111479111B/zh
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP19911934.8A priority Critical patent/EP3907996A4/en
Priority to CN201980088442.7A priority patent/CN113615191B/zh
Publication of WO2020151274A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020151274A1/zh
Priority to US17/382,421 priority patent/US11770522B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of video coding and decoding, and in particular to a method, device and video coding and decoding equipment for determining the order of image display.
  • Video has become the most important way for people to obtain information in daily life due to its advantages such as intuitiveness and efficiency. Due to the large amount of data contained in the video, it will occupy a large amount of transmission bandwidth and storage space. Therefore, in order to effectively transmit and store the video, it is necessary to encode and decode the video, which makes the video encoding technology and decoding technology more and more video applications Indispensable key technology in the field.
  • the encoding end can encode the video image to obtain the bit stream.
  • the decoding end can decode the bit stream to reconstruct the video image.
  • the video images are arranged in the bit stream in the order of the bit stream, the bit stream order is the same as the decoding order, and the decoding order may be different from the display order.
  • the decoding order refers to the order in which the encoded images are decoded according to the prediction relationship between the encoded images;
  • the display order refers to the order in which the decoded images are displayed.
  • the present application provides a method, a device, and a video encoding and decoding device for determining the display order of images, which can increase the display order index value of the images.
  • the technical solution is as follows:
  • a method for determining an image display order includes:
  • the preset positive integer can be set in advance, and can be set according to the number of images in a cycle of the decoding order index value of the image.
  • the preset positive integer can be 256.
  • the display order index value of the current image is determined according to the sum of the decoding order index value of the current image and a predetermined positive integer multiple of the period identification value. Since the preset positive integer multiple of the cycle identification value is the number of images in all rounds before the cycle in which the current image is located, the decoding order index value is equal to the preset positive integer multiple.
  • the sum of the period identification values when determining the display order index value of the current image, can realize the increase of the display order index value of the current image on the basis of the display order index value of the image before the current image in the decoding order. That is, the decoding order index value of the image in the embodiment of the present application is cyclic, while the display order index value of the image is increasing.
  • the display order index value of the current image is determined by the following formula:
  • the POI is the display order index value of the current image
  • the DOI is the decoding order index value of the current image
  • the PictureOutputDelay is the image output delay value
  • the OutputReorderDelay is the image reordering delay value
  • the cycle identification value when the decoding order index value of the current image is less than the decoding order index value of the previous image, the cycle identification value is increased by 1 to obtain the new cycle identification value; when the decoding order index value of the current image is not less than When the index value of the decoding order of the first image is used, the period identification value is not updated. After that, add the decoding order index value of the current image to the image output delay value and subtract the image reordering delay value, and finally add the product of the preset positive integer and the period identification value to get the display order index value of the current image.
  • the display order index value of the current image is increased on the basis of the display order index value of the image before the current image in the decoding order.
  • the method further includes: when the decoding order index value of the current picture is smaller than the decoding order index value of the previous picture, indexing the decoding order of all pictures in the reference picture buffer of the current picture The value is subtracted from the preset positive integer to update the decoding order index value of all the images. In this way, the image can be obtained more quickly from the reference image buffer and output and displayed according to the updated decoding order index value.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the display order index value of any image in the reference image buffer and the display order index value of the current image Divided by two smaller than the preset positive integer.
  • the method further includes: setting the period identification value to 0 when decoding the sequence header or sequence start code of the video sequence in which the current image is located.
  • the period identification value can be set to 0 to determine the value of the image in the video sequence.
  • the period identification value is not introduced when calculating the display order index value.
  • the decoding order index value of the image in the video sequence starts to enter a new round of cycle by changing The cycle identification value is increased by 1 to update the cycle identification value, so that the updated cycle identification value is used to calculate the display order index value in the new round of the cycle.
  • the method further includes: acquiring the motion information of the current image according to the display order index value of the current image and the display order index value of the reference image of the current image.
  • the motion information of the current image may be the motion information of the current image block of the current image
  • the motion information of the current image block may include the indication information of the prediction direction (usually using the first reference image list to predict, using the second reference Picture list prediction or dual-list prediction), one or two motion vectors pointing to the reference block, indication information of the picture where the reference block is located (usually recorded as the reference frame index), etc.
  • the acquiring the motion information of the current image according to the display order index value of the current image and the display order index value of the reference image of the current image includes: according to the display order index value of the current image, Determine the distance index value of the current image; determine the distance index value of the reference image according to the display order index value of the reference image or the display order index value of the current image; change the distance index value of the current image Subtract the distance index value of the reference image to obtain the distance between the current image and the reference image; determine the motion information of the current image according to the distance between the current image and the reference image .
  • the reference image of the current image is the image where the reference block of the current image block in the current image is located, and the distance between the current image and the reference image is the distance between the current image block and the reference block.
  • the distance index value of the image is used to indicate the distance between the image and the reference image of the image. Specifically, it can be used to indicate the image block of the image and the reference block pointed to by the motion vector of the image block (belonging to the image Reference image).
  • the distance index value of the image can be obtained from the bit stream of the image header of the image.
  • the determining the distance index value of the current image according to the display order index value of the current image includes: multiplying the display order index value of the current image by 2 as the distance index of the current image value.
  • the determining the distance index value of the reference image according to the display order index value of the reference image or the display order index value of the current image includes: when the reference image is a knowledge image, adding the The value obtained by subtracting 1 from the display order index value of the current image is multiplied by 2 as the distance index value of the reference image; when the reference image is not a knowledge image, the display order index value of the reference image is multiplied by 2. Use as the distance index value of the reference image.
  • the knowledge image is a reference image of a non-current bit stream used when decoding the current bit stream, and the knowledge image is not output and displayed.
  • the knowledge image may be a reference image input from the outside of the decoder.
  • the determining the motion information of the current image according to the distance between the current image and the reference image includes: determining the co-located image of the current image; determining that the position in the co-located image is the same as the current A co-located image block with the same position of the current image block of the image; obtaining the motion vector of the co-located image block; obtaining the distance between the co-located image and a co-located reference image, the co-located reference image being the motion of the co-located image block
  • the image where the image block pointed to by the vector is located scale the motion vector of the co-located image block according to the distance between the current image and the reference image and the distance between the co-located image and the co-located reference image , To obtain the motion vector of the current image block.
  • the co-located image of the current image can be an image whose display order index value is closer to the display order index value of the current image in the decoded image.
  • the co-located image of the current image can be adjacent to the display order of the current image.
  • the co-located image of the current image can also be obtained from the bit stream, that is, the bit stream can contain information indicating the co-located image of the current image, and the information can include the indication information of the co-located image list and the co-located image
  • the information may indicate that the co-located image of the current image is a reference image with an index number of 0 in the first reference image list.
  • the co-located image block in the co-located image may specifically be the image block in which the brightness sample corresponding to the position of the brightness sample in the upper left corner of the current image block of the current image in the co-located image is located.
  • the motion vector of the co-located image block is the brightness The motion vector of the sample.
  • the motion vector of the co-located image block can be obtained from its corresponding motion information storage unit.
  • the motion of the current image block in the current image is relatively close to the motion of the co-located image block in the co-located image, so it can be based on the current
  • the distance between the image and the reference image of the current image and the distance between the co-located image and the co-located reference image are scaled to obtain the motion vector of the current image block.
  • the obtaining the distance between the co-located image and the co-located reference image includes: obtaining the distance index value of the co-located image and the distance index value of the co-located reference image; subtracting the distance index value of the co-located image The distance index value of the co-located reference image is removed to obtain the distance between the co-located image and the co-located reference image.
  • the motion vector of the current image block is determined by the following formula
  • mvE_x Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_x ⁇ BlockDistanceL ⁇ BlockDistanceRef) ⁇ (((Abs(mv Ref_x ⁇ BlockDistanceL ⁇ (16384/BlockDistanceRef))+8192)>>14))
  • mvE_y Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_y ⁇ BlockDistanceL ⁇ BlockDistanceRef) ⁇ (((Abs(mvRef_y ⁇ BlockDistanceL ⁇ (16384/BlockDistanceRef))+8192)>>14))
  • the mvE_x is the horizontal component of the motion vector of the current image block
  • the mvE_y is the vertical component of the motion vector of the current image block
  • the mvRef_x is the horizontal component of the motion vector of the co-located image block
  • the mvRef_y is the vertical component of the motion vector of the co-located image block
  • the BlockDistanceL is the distance between the current image and the reference image
  • the BlockDistanceRef is the co-located image and the co-located reference image the distance between.
  • a device for determining an image display order in a second aspect, is provided, and the device for determining an image display order has the function of realizing the behavior of the method for determining the image display order in the first aspect.
  • the device for determining the image display order includes at least one module, and the at least one module is configured to implement the method for determining the image display order provided in the first aspect.
  • a device for determining the display order of images includes a processor and a memory in a structure, and the memory is used for storing that the device for determining the display order of supporting images executes the first aspect.
  • a program of a method for determining the display order of images, and data related to the method for determining the display order of images described in the first aspect are stored.
  • the processor is configured to execute a program stored in the memory.
  • the apparatus for determining the image display order may further include a communication bus, the communication bus being used to establish a connection between the processor and the memory.
  • a video encoding and decoding device comprising: a non-volatile memory and a processor coupled to each other, the processor calls the program code stored in the memory to execute the above-mentioned first aspect The method described.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method for determining the image display order described in the first aspect above .
  • a computer program product containing instructions, which when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method for determining the image display order described in the first aspect.
  • the display order index value of the current image is determined according to the sum of the decoding order index value of the current image and the predetermined positive integer multiple of the period identification value.
  • the decoding order index value is equal to the preset positive integer multiple
  • the sum of the period identification values, when determining the display order index value of the current image, the display order index value of the current image can be increased on the basis of the display order index value of the image before the current image in the decoding order, that is, this In the application embodiment, the display order index value of the image is increasing.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a video encoding and decoding system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a video decoding system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an encoder provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a decoder provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a video decoding device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a block diagram of an encoding device or a decoding device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a video transmission system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for determining an image display order provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for determining an image display order provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Video has become the most important way for people to obtain information in daily life due to its advantages such as intuitiveness and efficiency. Due to the large amount of data contained in the video, it will occupy a large amount of transmission bandwidth and storage space. Therefore, in order to effectively transmit and store the video, it is necessary to encode and decode the video, which makes the video encoding technology and decoding technology more and more video applications Indispensable key technology in the field.
  • encoding is also called compression or compression encoding, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the encoding process mainly includes intra prediction (intra prediction), inter prediction (inter prediction), transformation (transform), quantization (quantization), entropy encoding (entropy encoding) and other links.
  • Intra prediction is to use the pixel value of the pixel in the encoded area of the image to predict the pixel value of the pixel in this image block;
  • inter prediction is to find a matching reference block for this image block in the encoded image , Regard the pixel value of the pixel in the reference block as the predicted value of the pixel value of the pixel in this image block.
  • the image block is an array composed of M*N pixels with known pixel values, M and N are both positive integers, and M may be equal to N or not.
  • the decoding process is equivalent to the inverse process of the encoding process.
  • the residual information can be obtained by first using entropy decoding, inverse quantization and inverse transformation, and then determine whether the prediction mode of this image block is intra prediction or inter prediction. If it is intra-frame prediction, the pixel value of the pixel in the decoded area in the image where the image block is located is used to construct the predicted value of the pixel in the image block.
  • the image block can be decoded according to the residual information and predicted value.
  • Inter prediction is to find a matching reference block for the image block in the image to be encoded in the coded reference image, and use the pixel value of the pixel in the reference block as the predicted value of the pixel value of the pixel in the image block.
  • This process is called motion estimation (ME), and then the motion information of the image block is transmitted.
  • the motion estimation process needs to try to match multiple reference blocks in the reference image for the image block, and which one or several reference blocks are finally used as inter-frame prediction can use rate-distortion optimization (Rate-distortion optimization, RDO) or other methods determine.
  • rate-distortion optimization Rate-distortion optimization
  • RDO rate-distortion optimization
  • the motion information of the image block may include the indication information of the prediction direction (usually prediction using the first reference image list, prediction using the second reference image list, or dual-list prediction, for example, information represented by inter_pred_ref_mode may be identified for the prediction reference mode), One or two motion vectors (MV) pointing to the reference block, indication information of the image where the reference block is located (usually recorded as a reference frame index (Reference index)), etc.
  • indication information of the prediction direction usually prediction using the first reference image list, prediction using the second reference image list, or dual-list prediction, for example, information represented by inter_pred_ref_mode may be identified for the prediction reference mode
  • MV motion vectors
  • indication information of the image where the reference block is located usually recorded as a reference frame index (Reference index)
  • the first reference image list prediction refers to selecting a reference image from the first reference image list to obtain a reference block.
  • the second reference image list prediction refers to selecting a reference image from the second reference image list to obtain a reference block.
  • Dual-list prediction refers to selecting one reference image from the first reference image list and the second reference image list to obtain the reference block. When dual-list prediction is used, there will be two reference blocks. Each reference block needs a motion vector and a reference frame index for indication. The pixel value of the pixel in the image block can be determined according to the pixel value of the pixel in the two reference blocks. The predicted value of the pixel value.
  • each image can be divided into several non-overlapping image blocks, and the motion of all pixels in the image block is considered to be the same. Assign a motion vector to the unit.
  • the image to be encoded (or to be decoded) is called the current image
  • the image block that is being encoded (or decoded) in the image to be encoded (or to be decoded) is called the current image block.
  • the coded image is used as a reference image, and the current image block is searched for motion within a certain search area in the reference image, and the current image block is found to meet the matching criteria. Match blocks.
  • the relative offset of the spatial position between the current image block and the matching block in the reference image is the motion vector.
  • the encoding end encodes the video, it encodes the reference image information, motion vector information and residual information and sends it to the decoding end.
  • the decoding end finds the reference block at the position pointed to by the motion vector from the decoded reference image, adds the pixel value of the pixel in the reference block and the residual information to get the pixel value of the pixel in the current image block, and decodes like this
  • the current image block can be recovered from the terminal.
  • the video sequence is the highest syntax structure of the bit stream.
  • the video sequence starts from the first sequence header, and the sequence end code or video editing code indicates the end of a video sequence.
  • the sequence header between the first sequence header of the video sequence and the first sequence end code or video editing code that appears is a repeated sequence header.
  • Each sequence header is followed by one or more coded images, and each coded image is preceded by an image header.
  • the coded data of a coded image starts from the image start code to the sequence start code, the sequence end code or the start of the next image
  • the code ends.
  • the sequence header corresponding to an encoded image is the closest sequence header whose decoding order is before the encoded image.
  • the images are arranged in the bit stream in bit stream order, the bit stream order is the same as the decoding order, and the decoding order can be different from the display order.
  • the decoding order refers to the order in which the encoded images are decoded according to the prediction relationship between the encoded images
  • the display order refers to the order in which the decoded images are displayed.
  • the POI of the image is used to indicate the display order of the image
  • the DOI of the image is used to indicate the decoding order of the image.
  • the I picture is a reference frame in decoding, and is an image formed using intra-frame compression coding.
  • the P picture is a forward predictive frame, which is obtained by prediction based on the previous I picture or P picture.
  • the B picture is a bidirectional predictive frame, which is obtained by bidirectional prediction based on the nearest I picture or P picture adjacent to each other (both front and back). If there are no B pictures in the video sequence, the decoding order is the same as the display order. If the video sequence contains B pictures, the decoding order is different from the display order, and the decoded pictures need to be reordered before outputting and displaying, which will cause picture display delay.
  • Video coding generally refers to processing a sequence of pictures that form a video or video sequence.
  • the terms "picture”, "frame” or “image” can be used as synonyms.
  • Video encoding is performed on the source side, and usually includes the encoder processing (for example, by compressing) the original video picture to reduce the amount of data required to represent the video picture, thereby more efficient storage and/or transmission.
  • Video decoding is performed on the destination side, and usually includes the reverse processing of the decoder relative to the encoder to reconstruct the video picture.
  • a video sequence includes a series of images, the images are further divided into slices, and the slices are divided into blocks.
  • Video coding is performed in units of blocks.
  • the concept of blocks is further expanded.
  • MB macroblocks
  • the macroblocks can be further divided into multiple prediction blocks (partitions) that can be used for predictive coding.
  • CU coding unit
  • PU prediction unit
  • TU transform unit
  • various block units are functionally divided, and brand new Describe based on the tree structure.
  • the CU can be divided into smaller CUs according to the quadtree, and the smaller CUs can be further divided to form a quadtree structure.
  • the CU is the basic unit for dividing and encoding the coded image.
  • the PU and TU also have a similar tree structure.
  • the PU can correspond to a prediction block and is the basic unit of prediction coding.
  • the CU is further divided into multiple PUs according to the division mode.
  • the TU can correspond to the transform block and is the basic unit for transforming the prediction residual.
  • no matter CU, PU or TU they all belong to the concept of block (or image block) in nature.
  • the CTU is split into multiple CUs by using a quadtree structure represented as a coding tree.
  • a decision is made at the CU level whether to use inter-picture (temporal) or intra-picture (spatial) prediction to encode picture regions.
  • Each CU can be further split into one, two or four PUs according to the PU split type.
  • the same prediction process is applied in a PU, and relevant information is transmitted to the decoder on the basis of the PU.
  • the CU may be divided into TUs according to other quadtree structures similar to the coding tree used for the CU.
  • quadtrees and binary trees are used to segment frames to segment coding blocks.
  • the shape of the CU can be square or rectangular.
  • the image block to be processed in the current image may be referred to as the current block.
  • a reference block is a block that provides a reference signal for the current block, where the reference signal represents the pixel value in the reference block.
  • the block in the reference image that provides the prediction signal for the current block may be called a prediction block, where the prediction signal represents the pixel value in the prediction block.
  • the best reference block is found. This best reference block will provide prediction for the current block, and this best reference block may be called a prediction block.
  • the original video picture can be reconstructed, that is, the reconstructed video picture has the same quality as the original video picture (assuming no transmission loss or other data loss during storage or transmission).
  • lossy video coding for example, quantization is performed to perform further compression to reduce the amount of data required to represent the video picture, and the decoder cannot completely reconstruct the video picture, that is, the quality of the reconstructed video picture is compared with that of the original video picture. The quality is low or poor.
  • Video coding standards of H.261 belong to "lossy hybrid video coding and decoding” (that is, combining spatial and temporal prediction in the sample domain with 2D transform coding for applying quantization in the transform domain).
  • Each picture of a video sequence is usually divided into a set of non-overlapping blocks, which are usually coded at the block level.
  • the encoder usually processes or encodes video at the block (video block) level. For example, it generates prediction blocks through spatial (intra-picture) prediction and temporal (inter-picture) prediction, from the current block (currently processed or to be processed).
  • Block subtract the prediction block to obtain the residual block, transform the residual block in the transform domain and quantize the residual block to reduce the amount of data to be transmitted (compressed), and the decoder will apply the inverse processing part relative to the encoder Use the coded or compressed block to reconstruct the current block for representation.
  • the encoder duplicates the decoder processing loop, so that the encoder and the decoder generate the same prediction (for example, intra prediction and inter prediction) and/or reconstruction for processing, that is, to encode subsequent blocks.
  • FIG. 1 exemplarily shows a schematic block diagram of a video encoding and decoding system 10 applied in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the video encoding and decoding system 10 may include a source device 12 and a destination device 14.
  • the source device 12 generates encoded video data. Therefore, the source device 12 may be referred to as a video encoding device.
  • the destination device 14 can decode the encoded video data generated by the source device 12, and therefore, the destination device 14 can be referred to as a video decoding device.
  • Various implementations of source device 12, destination device 14, or both may include one or more processors and memory coupled to the one or more processors.
  • the memory may include, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures accessible by a computer, as described herein.
  • the source device 12 and the destination device 14 may include various devices, including desktop computers, mobile computing devices, notebook (for example, laptop) computers, tablet computers, set-top boxes, telephone handsets such as so-called "smart" phones. Computers, televisions, cameras, display devices, digital media players, video game consoles, on-board computers, wireless communication equipment, or the like.
  • the source device 12 and the destination device 14 may communicate with each other via a link 13, and the destination device 14 may receive encoded video data from the source device 12 via the link 13.
  • Link 13 may include one or more media or devices capable of moving encoded video data from source device 12 to destination device 14.
  • link 13 may include one or more communication media that enable source device 12 to transmit encoded video data directly to destination device 14 in real time.
  • the source device 12 may modulate the encoded video data according to a communication standard, such as a wireless communication protocol, and may transmit the modulated video data to the destination device 14.
  • the one or more communication media may include wireless and/or wired communication media, such as a radio frequency (RF) spectrum or one or more physical transmission lines.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the one or more communication media may form part of a packet-based network, such as a local area network, a wide area network, or a global network (e.g., the Internet).
  • the one or more communication media may include routers, switches, base stations, or other devices that facilitate communication from source device 12 to destination device 14.
  • the source device 12 includes an encoder 20.
  • the source device 12 may further include a picture source 16, a picture preprocessor 18, and a communication interface 22.
  • the encoder 20, the picture source 16, the picture preprocessor 18, and the communication interface 22 may be hardware components in the source device 12, or may be software programs in the source device 12. They are described as follows:
  • the picture source 16 which can include or can be any type of picture capture device, used for example to capture real-world pictures, and/or any type of pictures or comments (for screen content encoding, some text on the screen is also considered to be encoded Picture or part of an image) generating equipment, for example, a computer graphics processor for generating computer animation pictures, or for acquiring and/or providing real world pictures, computer animation pictures (for example, screen content, virtual reality, VR) pictures), and/or any combination thereof (for example, augmented reality (AR) pictures).
  • the picture source 16 may be a camera for capturing pictures or a memory for storing pictures.
  • the picture source 16 may also include any type (internal or external) interface for storing previously captured or generated pictures and/or acquiring or receiving pictures.
  • the picture source 16 When the picture source 16 is a camera, the picture source 16 may be, for example, a local or an integrated camera integrated in the source device; when the picture source 16 is a memory, the picture source 16 may be local or, for example, an integrated camera integrated in the source device. Memory.
  • the interface When the picture source 16 includes an interface, the interface may be, for example, an external interface that receives pictures from an external video source.
  • the external video source is, for example, an external picture capture device, such as a camera, an external memory, or an external picture generation device, such as It is an external computer graphics processor, computer or server.
  • the interface can be any type of interface according to any proprietary or standardized interface protocol, such as a wired or wireless interface, and an optical interface.
  • the picture can be regarded as a two-dimensional array or matrix of picture elements.
  • the pixel points in the array can also be called sampling points.
  • the number of sampling points in the horizontal and vertical directions (or axis) of the array or picture defines the size and/or resolution of the picture.
  • three color components are usually used, that is, pictures can be represented as or contain three sample arrays.
  • a picture includes corresponding red, green, and blue sample arrays.
  • each pixel is usually expressed in luminance/chrominance format or color space.
  • YUV format it includes the luminance component indicated by Y (sometimes indicated by L) and the two indicated by U and V.
  • the luma component Y represents brightness or gray level intensity (for example, the two are the same in a grayscale picture), and the two chroma components U and V represent chroma or color information components.
  • a picture in the YUV format includes a luminance sample array of luminance sample values (Y), and two chrominance sample arrays of chrominance values (U and V).
  • Pictures in RGB format can be converted or converted to YUV format, and vice versa. This process is also called color conversion or conversion. If the picture is black and white, the picture may only include the luminance sample array.
  • the picture transmitted from the picture source 16 to the picture processor may also be referred to as original picture data 17.
  • the picture preprocessor 18 is configured to receive the original picture data 17 and perform preprocessing on the original picture data 17 to obtain the preprocessed picture 19 or the preprocessed picture data 19.
  • the pre-processing performed by the picture pre-processor 18 may include trimming, color format conversion (for example, conversion from RGB format to YUV format), toning, or denoising.
  • the encoder 20 (or video encoder 20) is configured to receive the pre-processed picture data 19, and process the pre-processed picture data 19 using a relevant prediction mode (such as the prediction mode in the various embodiments herein), thereby
  • the encoded picture data 21 is provided (the structure details of the encoder 20 will be described further based on FIG. 3 or FIG. 5 or FIG. 6).
  • the encoder 20 may be used to implement the various embodiments described below to realize the application of the method for determining the image display order described in the present invention on the encoding side.
  • the communication interface 22 can be used to receive the encoded picture data 21, and can transmit the encoded picture data 21 to the destination device 14 or any other device (such as a memory) via the link 13 for storage or direct reconstruction, so The other device can be any device used for decoding or storage.
  • the communication interface 22 may be used, for example, to encapsulate the encoded picture data 21 into a suitable format, such as a data packet, for transmission on the link 13.
  • the destination device 14 includes a decoder 30.
  • the destination device 14 may further include a communication interface 28, a picture post-processor 32, and a display device 34. They are described as follows:
  • the communication interface 28 may be used to receive the encoded picture data 21 from the source device 12 or any other source, for example, a storage device, and the storage device is, for example, an encoded picture data storage device.
  • the communication interface 28 can be used to transmit or receive the encoded picture data 21 via the link 13 between the source device 12 and the destination device 14 or via any type of network.
  • the link 13 is, for example, a direct wired or wireless connection.
  • the type of network is, for example, a wired or wireless network or any combination thereof, or any type of private network and public network, or any combination thereof.
  • the communication interface 28 may be used, for example, to decapsulate the data packet transmitted by the communication interface 22 to obtain the encoded picture data 21.
  • Both the communication interface 28 and the communication interface 22 can be configured as a one-way communication interface or a two-way communication interface, and can be used, for example, to send and receive messages to establish connections, confirm and exchange any other communication links and/or, for example, encoded picture data Information about the transmission of the transmitted data.
  • the decoder 30 (or called the video decoder 30) is used to receive the encoded picture data 21 and provide the decoded picture data 31 or the decoded picture 31 (the decoder 30 will be further described based on FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 below) The structure details).
  • the decoder 30 may be used to implement the various embodiments described below to realize the application of the method for determining the image display order described in the present invention on the decoding side.
  • the picture post processor 32 is configured to perform post-processing on the decoded picture data 31 (also referred to as reconstructed picture data) to obtain post-processed picture data 33.
  • the post-processing performed by the picture post-processor 32 may include: color format conversion (for example, conversion from YUV format to RGB format), toning, trimming or resampling, or any other processing, and can also be used to convert post-processed picture data 33 Transmission to display device 34.
  • the display device 34 is configured to receive the post-processed image data 33 to display the image to, for example, users or viewers.
  • the display device 34 may be or may include any type of display for presenting reconstructed pictures, for example, an integrated or external display or monitor.
  • the display may include a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, a plasma display, a projector, a micro LED display, a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS), Digital light processor (digital light processor, DLP) or any other type of display.
  • FIG. 1 shows the source device 12 and the destination device 14 as separate devices
  • the device embodiment may also include the source device 12 and the destination device 14 or the functionality of both, that is, the source device 12 or Corresponding functionality and destination device 14 or corresponding functionality.
  • the same hardware and/or software may be used, or separate hardware and/or software, or any combination thereof may be used to implement the source device 12 or the corresponding functionality and the destination device 14 or the corresponding functionality .
  • the source device 12 and the destination device 14 may include any of a variety of devices, including any types of handheld or stationary devices, such as notebook or laptop computers, mobile phones, smartphones, tablets or tablet computers, cameras, desktops Computers, set-top boxes, televisions, cameras, vehicle-mounted devices, display devices, digital media players, video game consoles, video streaming devices (such as content service servers or content distribution servers), broadcast receiver devices, broadcast transmitter devices And so on, and can not use or use any type of operating system.
  • handheld or stationary devices such as notebook or laptop computers, mobile phones, smartphones, tablets or tablet computers, cameras, desktops Computers, set-top boxes, televisions, cameras, vehicle-mounted devices, display devices, digital media players, video game consoles, video streaming devices (such as content service servers or content distribution servers), broadcast receiver devices, broadcast transmitter devices And so on, and can not use or use any type of operating system.
  • Both the encoder 20 and the decoder 30 can be implemented as any of various suitable circuits, for example, one or more microprocessors, digital signal processors (digital signal processors, DSP), and application-specific integrated circuits (application-specific integrated circuits). circuit, ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), discrete logic, hardware, or any combination thereof.
  • the device can store the instructions of the software in a suitable non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and can use one or more processors to execute the instructions in hardware to execute the technology of the present disclosure . Any of the foregoing (including hardware, software, a combination of hardware and software, etc.) can be regarded as one or more processors.
  • the video encoding and decoding system 10 shown in FIG. 1 is only an example, and the technology of the present application can be applied to video encoding and decoding settings that do not necessarily include any data communication between encoding and decoding devices (for example, video encoding or Video decoding).
  • the data can be retrieved from local storage, streamed on the network, etc.
  • the video encoding device can encode data and store the data to the memory, and/or the video decoding device can retrieve the data from the memory and decode the data.
  • encoding and decoding are performed by devices that do not communicate with each other but only encode data to the memory and/or retrieve data from the memory and decode the data.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a video coding system 40 including the encoder 20 of FIG. 3 and/or the decoder 30 of FIG. 4 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the video decoding system 40 can implement a combination of various technologies in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the video coding system 40 may include an imaging device 41, an encoder 20, a decoder 30 (and/or a video encoder/decoder implemented by the logic circuit 47 of the processing unit 46), and an antenna 42 , One or more processors 43, one or more memories 44 and/or display devices 45.
  • the imaging device 41, the antenna 42, the processing unit 46, the logic circuit, the encoder 20, the decoder 30, the processor 43, the memory 44, and/or the display device 45 can communicate with each other.
  • the encoder 20 and the decoder 30 are used to illustrate the video coding system 40, in different examples, the video coding system 40 may include only the encoder 20 or only the decoder 30.
  • antenna 42 may be used to transmit or receive an encoded bitstream of video data.
  • the display device 45 may be used to present video data.
  • the logic circuit may be implemented by the processing unit 46.
  • the processing unit 46 may include ASIC logic, a graphics processor, a general-purpose processor, and so on.
  • the video decoding system 40 may also include an optional processor 43, and the optional processor 43 may similarly include ASIC logic, a graphics processor, a general-purpose processor, and the like.
  • the logic circuit may be implemented by hardware, such as dedicated hardware for video encoding, and the processor 43 may be implemented by general software, an operating system, and the like.
  • the memory 44 may be any type of memory, such as volatile memory (for example, static random access memory (Static Random Access Memory, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM), etc.) or non-volatile memory. Memory (for example, flash memory, etc.), etc.
  • volatile memory for example, static random access memory (Static Random Access Memory, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM), etc.
  • Memory for example, flash memory, etc.
  • the memory 44 may be implemented by cache memory.
  • the logic circuit may access the memory 44 (e.g., to implement an image buffer).
  • the logic circuit and/or processing unit 46 may include a memory (eg, cache, etc.) for implementing image buffers and the like.
  • the encoder 20 implemented by logic circuits may include an image buffer (e.g., implemented by the processing unit 46 or the memory 44) and a graphics processing unit (e.g., implemented by the processing unit 46).
  • the graphics processing unit may be communicatively coupled to the image buffer.
  • the graphics processing unit may include an encoder 20 implemented by logic circuits to implement various modules discussed with reference to FIG. 3 and/or any other encoder systems or subsystems described herein. Logic circuits can be used to perform the various operations discussed herein.
  • the decoder 30 may be implemented by logic circuits in a similar manner to implement the various modules discussed with reference to the decoder 30 of FIG. 4 and/or any other decoder systems or subsystems described herein.
  • the decoder 30 implemented by logic circuits may include an image buffer (implemented by the processing unit 46 or the memory 44) and a graphics processing unit (implemented by the processing unit 46, for example).
  • the graphics processing unit may be communicatively coupled to the image buffer.
  • the graphics processing unit may include a decoder 30 implemented by logic circuits to implement the various modules discussed with reference to FIG. 4 and/or any other decoder systems or subsystems described herein.
  • antenna 42 may be used to receive an encoded bitstream of video data.
  • the encoded bitstream may include data, indicators, index values, mode selection data, etc., related to the encoded video frame discussed herein, such as data related to encoded partitions (e.g., transform coefficients or quantized transform coefficients). , (As discussed) optional indicators, and/or data defining code partitions).
  • the video coding system 40 may also include a decoder 30 coupled to the antenna 42 and used to decode the encoded bitstream.
  • the display device 45 is used to present video frames.
  • the decoder 30 may be used to perform the reverse process.
  • the decoder 30 can be used to receive and parse such syntax elements, and decode related video data accordingly.
  • the encoder 20 may entropy encode the syntax elements into an encoded video bitstream. In such instances, the decoder 30 may parse such syntax elements and decode related video data accordingly.
  • the encoder 20 and decoder 30 in the embodiments of the present application may be video standard protocols such as H.263, H.264, HEVC, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, VP8, VP9, or next-generation video Encoder/decoder corresponding to standard protocol (such as H.266, etc.).
  • video standard protocols such as H.263, H.264, HEVC, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, VP8, VP9, or next-generation video Encoder/decoder corresponding to standard protocol (such as H.266, etc.).
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic/conceptual block diagram of an example of an encoder 20 for implementing an embodiment of the present application.
  • the encoder 20 includes a residual calculation unit 204, a transformation processing unit 206, a quantization unit 208, an inverse quantization unit 210, an inverse transformation processing unit 212, a reconstruction unit 214, a buffer 216, and a loop filter.
  • Unit 220 a decoded picture buffer (DPB) 230, a prediction processing unit 260, and an entropy coding unit 270.
  • the prediction processing unit 260 may include an inter prediction unit 244, an intra prediction unit 254, and a mode selection unit 262.
  • the inter prediction unit 244 may include a motion estimation unit and a motion compensation unit (not shown).
  • the encoder 20 shown in FIG. 3 may also be referred to as a hybrid video encoder or a video encoder based on a hybrid video codec.
  • the residual calculation unit 204, the transform processing unit 206, the quantization unit 208, the prediction processing unit 260, and the entropy encoding unit 270 form the forward signal path of the encoder 20, and for example, the inverse quantization unit 210, the inverse transform processing unit 212, and the The structure unit 214, the buffer 216, the loop filter 220, the decoded picture buffer (DPB) 230, and the prediction processing unit 260 form the backward signal path of the encoder, wherein the backward signal path of the encoder corresponds to The signal path of the decoder (see decoder 30 in Figure 4).
  • the encoder 20 receives the picture 201 or the image block 203 of the picture 201 through, for example, an input 202, for example, a picture in a picture sequence forming a video or a video sequence.
  • the image block 203 can also be called the current picture block or the picture block to be coded
  • the picture 201 can be called the current picture or the picture to be coded (especially when the current picture is distinguished from other pictures in video coding, the other pictures are for example the same video sequence). That is, the previously coded and/or decoded picture in the video sequence that also includes the current picture).
  • the embodiment of the encoder 20 may include a segmentation unit (not shown in FIG. 3) for segmenting the picture 201 into a plurality of blocks such as the image block 203, usually into a plurality of non-overlapping blocks.
  • the segmentation unit can be used to use the same block size for all pictures in the video sequence and the corresponding grid that defines the block size, or to change the block size between pictures or subsets or groups of pictures, and divide each picture into The corresponding block.
  • the prediction processing unit 260 of the encoder 20 may be used to perform any combination of the aforementioned segmentation techniques.
  • the image block 203 is also or can be regarded as a two-dimensional array or matrix of sampling points with sample values, although its size is smaller than that of the picture 201.
  • the image block 203 may include, for example, one sample array (for example, a luminance array in the case of a black and white picture 201) or three sample arrays (for example, one luminance array and two chrominance arrays in the case of a color picture) or Any other number and/or type of array depending on the color format applied.
  • the number of sampling points in the horizontal and vertical directions (or axes) of the image block 203 defines the size of the image block 203.
  • the encoder 20 as shown in FIG. 3 is used to encode the picture 201 block by block, for example, to perform encoding and prediction on each image block 203.
  • the residual calculation unit 204 is configured to calculate the residual block 205 based on the picture image block 203 and the prediction block 265 (other details of the prediction block 265 are provided below), for example, by subtracting the sample value of the picture image block 203 sample by sample (pixel by pixel). The sample values of the block 265 are predicted to obtain the residual block 205 in the sample domain.
  • the transform processing unit 206 is configured to apply a transform such as discrete cosine transform (DCT) or discrete sine transform (DST) to the sample values of the residual block 205 to obtain transform coefficients 207 in the transform domain.
  • a transform such as discrete cosine transform (DCT) or discrete sine transform (DST)
  • DCT discrete cosine transform
  • DST discrete sine transform
  • the transform coefficient 207 may also be referred to as a transform residual coefficient, and represents the residual block 205 in the transform domain.
  • the transform processing unit 206 may be used to apply an integer approximation of DCT/DST, such as a transform specified for HEVC/H.265. Compared with the orthogonal DCT transform, this integer approximation is usually scaled by a factor. In order to maintain the norm of the residual block processed by the forward and inverse transformation, an additional scaling factor is applied as part of the transformation process.
  • the scaling factor is usually selected based on certain constraints. For example, the scaling factor is a trade-off between the power of 2 used for the shift operation, the bit depth of the transform coefficient, accuracy, and implementation cost.
  • the inverse transformation processing unit 212 for the inverse transformation designate a specific scaling factor, and accordingly, the encoder The 20 side uses the transformation processing unit 206 to specify a corresponding scaling factor for the positive transformation.
  • the quantization unit 208 is used to quantize the transform coefficient 207 by applying scalar quantization or vector quantization, for example, to obtain the quantized transform coefficient 209.
  • the quantized transform coefficient 209 may also be referred to as a quantized residual coefficient 209.
  • the quantization process can reduce the bit depth associated with some or all of the transform coefficients 207. For example, n-bit transform coefficients can be rounded down to m-bit transform coefficients during quantization, where n is greater than m.
  • the degree of quantization can be modified by adjusting the quantization parameter (QP). For example, for scalar quantization, different scales can be applied to achieve finer or coarser quantization.
  • QP quantization parameter
  • a smaller quantization step size corresponds to a finer quantization
  • a larger quantization step size corresponds to a coarser quantization.
  • the appropriate quantization step size can be indicated by a quantization parameter (QP).
  • the quantization parameter may be an index of a predefined set of suitable quantization steps.
  • a smaller quantization parameter can correspond to fine quantization (smaller quantization step size)
  • a larger quantization parameter can correspond to coarse quantization (larger quantization step size)
  • Quantization may include division by a quantization step size and corresponding quantization or inverse quantization performed by, for example, inverse quantization 210, or may include multiplication by a quantization step size.
  • Embodiments according to some standards such as HEVC may use quantization parameters to determine the quantization step size.
  • the quantization step size can be calculated based on the quantization parameter using a fixed-point approximation of an equation including division. Additional scaling factors can be introduced for quantization and inverse quantization to restore the norm of the residual block that may be modified due to the scale used in the fixed-point approximation of the equation for the quantization step size and the quantization parameter.
  • the scales of inverse transform and inverse quantization may be combined.
  • a custom quantization table can be used and signaled from the encoder to the decoder in, for example, a bitstream. Quantization is a lossy operation, where the larger the quantization step, the greater the loss.
  • the inverse quantization unit 210 is configured to apply the inverse quantization of the quantization unit 208 on the quantized coefficients to obtain the inverse quantized coefficients 211, for example, based on or use the same quantization step size as the quantization unit 208, and apply the quantization scheme applied by the quantization unit 208 The inverse quantification scheme.
  • the inversely quantized coefficient 211 may also be referred to as the inversely quantized residual coefficient 211, which corresponds to the transform coefficient 207, although the loss due to quantization is usually different from the transform coefficient.
  • the inverse transform processing unit 212 is configured to apply the inverse transform of the transform applied by the transform processing unit 206, for example, an inverse discrete cosine transform (DCT) or an inverse discrete sine transform (DST), so as to be in the sample domain Obtain the inverse transform block 213.
  • the inverse transformation block 213 may also be referred to as an inverse transformation and inverse quantization block 213 or an inverse transformation residual block 213.
  • the reconstruction unit 214 (for example, the summer 214) is used to add the inverse transform block 213 (that is, the reconstructed residual block 213) to the prediction block 265 to obtain the reconstructed block 215 in the sample domain, for example, The sample value of the reconstructed residual block 213 and the sample value of the prediction block 265 are added.
  • a buffer unit 216 such as a line buffer 216 is used to buffer or store the reconstructed block 215 and corresponding sample values, for example, for intra prediction.
  • the encoder can be used to use the unfiltered reconstructed block and/or the corresponding sample value stored in the buffer unit 216 to perform any type of estimation and/or prediction, such as intraframe prediction.
  • the embodiment of the encoder 20 may be configured such that the buffer unit 216 is used not only for storing the reconstructed block 215 for intra prediction 254, but also for the loop filter unit 220 (not shown in FIG. 3 Out), and/or, for example, make the buffer unit 216 and the decoded picture buffer unit 230 form one buffer.
  • Other embodiments may be used to use the filtered block 221 and/or blocks or samples from the decoded picture buffer 230 (neither shown in FIG. 3) as the input or basis for the intra prediction 254.
  • the loop filter unit 220 (or “loop filter” 220 for short) is used to filter the reconstructed block 215 to obtain the filtered block 221, thereby smoothly performing pixel conversion or improving video quality.
  • the loop filter unit 220 is intended to represent one or more loop filters, such as deblocking filters, sample-adaptive offset (SAO) filters or other filters, such as bilateral filters, auto Adaptive loop filter (ALF), or sharpening or smoothing filter, or collaborative filter.
  • the loop filter unit 220 is shown as an in-loop filter in FIG. 2, in other configurations, the loop filter unit 220 may be implemented as a post-loop filter.
  • the filtered block 221 may also be referred to as a filtered reconstructed block 221.
  • the decoded picture buffer 230 may store the reconstructed coded block after the loop filter unit 220 performs a filtering operation on the reconstructed coded block.
  • the embodiment of the encoder 20 may be used to output loop filter parameters (e.g., sample adaptive offset information), for example, directly output or by the entropy encoding unit 270 or any other
  • the entropy coding unit is output after entropy coding, for example, so that the decoder 30 can receive and apply the same loop filter parameters for decoding.
  • the decoded picture buffer (DPB) 230 may be a reference picture memory that stores reference picture data for the encoder 20 to encode video data.
  • DPB 230 can be formed by any of a variety of memory devices, such as dynamic random access memory (DRAM) (including synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM), resistive RAM) (resistive RAM, RRAM)) or other types of memory devices.
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous DRAM
  • MRAM magnetoresistive RAM
  • RRAM resistive RAM
  • the DPB 230 and the buffer 216 may be provided by the same memory device or a separate memory device.
  • a decoded picture buffer (DPB) 230 is used to store the filtered block 221.
  • the decoded picture buffer 230 may be further used to store other previous filtered blocks of the same current picture or different pictures such as the previously reconstructed picture, such as the previously reconstructed and filtered block 221, and may provide a complete previous Reconstruction is a decoded picture (and corresponding reference blocks and samples) and/or a partially reconstructed current picture (and corresponding reference blocks and samples), for example, for inter prediction.
  • a decoded picture buffer (DPB) 230 is used to store the reconstructed block 215.
  • the prediction processing unit 260 also known as the block prediction processing unit 260, is used to receive or obtain the image block 203 (the current image block 203 of the current picture 201) and reconstructed picture data, such as the same (current) picture from the buffer 216
  • the reference samples and/or the reference picture data 231 of one or more previously decoded pictures from the decoded picture buffer 230, and used to process such data for prediction, that is, it can be provided as an inter-predicted block 245 or a The prediction block 265 of the intra prediction block 255.
  • the mode selection unit 262 may be used to select a prediction mode (for example, intra or inter prediction mode) and/or the corresponding prediction block 245 or 255 used as the prediction block 265 to calculate the residual block 205 and reconstruct the reconstructed block 215.
  • a prediction mode for example, intra or inter prediction mode
  • the corresponding prediction block 245 or 255 used as the prediction block 265 to calculate the residual block 205 and reconstruct the reconstructed block 215.
  • the embodiment of the mode selection unit 262 may be used to select a prediction mode (for example, from those supported by the prediction processing unit 260) that provides the best match or minimum residual (the minimum residual means Better compression in transmission or storage), or provide minimal signaling overhead (minimum signaling overhead means better compression in transmission or storage), or consider or balance both.
  • the mode selection unit 262 may be configured to determine a prediction mode based on rate distortion optimization (RDO), that is, select a prediction mode that provides the smallest rate-distortion optimization, or select a prediction mode whose related rate-distortion at least meets the prediction mode selection criteria .
  • RDO rate distortion optimization
  • the encoder 20 is used to determine or select the best or optimal prediction mode from a set of (predetermined) prediction modes.
  • the prediction mode set may include, for example, an intra prediction mode and/or an inter prediction mode.
  • the set of intra prediction modes may include 35 different intra prediction modes, for example, non-directional modes such as DC (or mean) mode and planar mode, or directional modes as defined in H.265, or may include 67 Different intra-frame prediction modes, for example, non-directional modes such as DC (or mean) mode and planar mode, or directional modes as defined in H.266 under development.
  • the set of inter prediction modes depends on the available reference pictures (ie, for example, the aforementioned at least part of the decoded pictures stored in the DBP 230) and other inter prediction parameters, such as whether to use the entire reference picture or only Use a part of the reference picture, such as the search window area surrounding the area of the current block, to search for the best matching reference block, and/or depending on whether pixel interpolation such as half pixel and/or quarter pixel interpolation is applied, for example
  • the set of inter prediction modes may include, for example, an advanced motion vector (Advanced Motion Vector Prediction, AMVP) mode and a merge mode.
  • AMVP Advanced Motion Vector Prediction
  • the set of inter-frame prediction modes may include an improved AMVP mode based on control points in the embodiments of the present application, and an improved merge mode based on control points.
  • the intra prediction unit 254 may be used to perform any combination of inter prediction techniques described below.
  • the embodiments of the present application may also apply skip mode and/or direct mode.
  • the prediction processing unit 260 may be further used to divide the image block 203 into smaller block partitions or sub-blocks, for example, by iteratively using quad-tree (QT) segmentation and binary-tree (BT) segmentation. Or triple-tree (TT) segmentation, or any combination thereof, and used to perform prediction, for example, for each of the block partitions or sub-blocks, where the mode selection includes selecting the tree structure of the segmented image block 203 and selecting the application The prediction mode for each of the block partitions or sub-blocks.
  • QT quad-tree
  • BT binary-tree
  • TT triple-tree
  • the inter prediction unit 244 may include a motion estimation (ME) unit (not shown in FIG. 3) and a motion compensation (MC) unit (not shown in FIG. 3).
  • the motion estimation unit is used to receive or obtain the picture image block 203 (the current picture image block 203 of the current picture 201) and the decoded picture 231, or at least one or more previously reconstructed blocks, for example, one or more other/different
  • the reconstructed block of the previously decoded picture 231 is used for motion estimation.
  • the video sequence may include the current picture and the previously decoded picture 31, or in other words, the current picture and the previously decoded picture 31 may be part of the picture sequence forming the video sequence, or form the picture sequence.
  • the encoder 20 may be used to select a reference block from multiple reference blocks of the same or different pictures in multiple other pictures, and provide the reference picture and/or provide a reference to the motion estimation unit (not shown in FIG. 3)
  • the offset (spatial offset) between the position of the block (X, Y coordinates) and the position of the current block is used as an inter prediction parameter. This offset is also called a motion vector (MV).
  • the motion compensation unit is used to obtain inter prediction parameters, and perform inter prediction based on or using the inter prediction parameters to obtain the inter prediction block 245.
  • the motion compensation performed by the motion compensation unit may include fetching or generating a prediction block based on a motion/block vector determined by motion estimation (interpolation of sub-pixel accuracy may be performed). Interpolation filtering can generate additional pixel samples from known pixel samples, thereby potentially increasing the number of candidate prediction blocks that can be used to encode picture blocks.
  • the motion compensation unit 246 can locate the prediction block pointed to by the motion vector in a reference picture list.
  • the motion compensation unit 246 may also generate syntax elements associated with the block and the video slice for use by the decoder 30 when decoding the picture block of the video slice.
  • the aforementioned inter-prediction unit 244 may transmit syntax elements to the entropy encoding unit 270, where the syntax elements include inter-prediction parameters (for example, after traversing multiple inter-prediction modes, the inter-prediction mode selected for prediction of the current block is selected). Instructions).
  • the inter-frame prediction parameter may not be carried in the syntax element.
  • the decoder 30 can directly use the default prediction mode for decoding. It can be understood that the inter prediction unit 244 may be used to perform any combination of inter prediction techniques.
  • the intra prediction unit 254 is used to obtain, for example, receive the picture block 203 (current picture block) of the same picture and one or more previously reconstructed blocks, for example reconstructed adjacent blocks, for intra estimation.
  • the encoder 20 may be used to select an intra prediction mode from a plurality of (predetermined) intra prediction modes.
  • the embodiment of the encoder 20 may be used to select an intra prediction mode based on optimization criteria, for example, based on a minimum residual (for example, an intra prediction mode that provides the prediction block 255 most similar to the current picture block 203) or a minimum rate distortion.
  • a minimum residual for example, an intra prediction mode that provides the prediction block 255 most similar to the current picture block 203
  • a minimum rate distortion for example, an intra prediction mode that provides the prediction block 255 most similar to the current picture block 203
  • the intra prediction unit 254 is further configured to determine the intra prediction block 255 based on the intra prediction parameters of the selected intra prediction mode. In any case, after selecting the intra prediction mode for the block, the intra prediction unit 254 is also used to provide the entropy coding unit 270 with intra prediction parameters, that is, to provide an indication of the selected intra prediction mode for the block Information. In one example, the intra prediction unit 254 may be used to perform any combination of intra prediction techniques.
  • the aforementioned intra-prediction unit 254 may transmit syntax elements to the entropy encoding unit 270, where the syntax elements include intra-prediction parameters (for example, after traversing multiple intra-prediction modes and selecting the intra-prediction mode used for prediction of the current block) Instructions).
  • the intra prediction parameter may not be carried in the syntax element.
  • the decoder 30 can directly use the default prediction mode for decoding.
  • the entropy coding unit 270 is used to apply entropy coding algorithms or schemes (for example, variable length coding (VLC) scheme, context adaptive VLC (context adaptive VLC, CAVLC) scheme, arithmetic coding scheme, context adaptive binary arithmetic) Coding (context adaptive binary arithmetic coding, CABAC), syntax-based context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding (SBAC), probability interval partitioning entropy (PIPE) coding or other entropy Coding method or technique) applied to quantized residual coefficients 209, inter-frame prediction parameters, intra-frame prediction parameters, and/or loop filter parameters, or all of them (or not applied), to obtain data that can be output by output 272
  • VLC variable length coding
  • CAVLC context adaptive VLC
  • CABAC context adaptive binary arithmetic
  • SBAC syntax-based context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding
  • PIPE probability interval partitioning entropy Coding method or technique
  • the encoded bitstream can be transmitted to the video decoder 30 or archived for later transmission or retrieval by the video decoder 30.
  • the entropy encoding unit 270 may also be used to entropy encode other syntax elements of the current video slice being encoded.
  • the non-transform-based encoder 20 can directly quantize the residual signal without the transform processing unit 206 for certain blocks or frames.
  • the encoder 20 may have a quantization unit 208 and an inverse quantization unit 210 combined into a single unit.
  • the video encoder 20 can directly quantize the residual signal without processing by the transform processing unit 206, and accordingly does not need to be processed by the inverse transform processing unit 212; or, for some For image blocks or image frames, the video encoder 20 does not generate residual data, and accordingly does not need to be processed by the transform processing unit 206, quantization unit 208, inverse quantization unit 210, and inverse transform processing unit 212; or, the video encoder 20 may The reconstructed image block is directly stored as a reference block without being processed by the filter 220; or, the quantization unit 208 and the inverse quantization unit 210 in the video encoder 20 may be combined together.
  • the loop filter 220 is optional, and for lossless compression coding, the transform processing unit 206, the quantization unit 208, the inverse quantization unit 210, and the inverse transform processing unit 212 are optional. It should be understood that, according to different application scenarios, the inter prediction unit 244 and the intra prediction unit 254 may be selectively activated.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic/conceptual block diagram of an example of a decoder 30 for implementing an embodiment of the present application.
  • the video decoder 30 is used to receive, for example, encoded picture data (for example, an encoded bit stream) 21 encoded by the encoder 20 to obtain a decoded picture 231.
  • video decoder 30 receives video data from video encoder 20, such as an encoded video bitstream and associated syntax elements that represent picture blocks of an encoded video slice.
  • the decoder 30 includes an entropy decoding unit 304, an inverse quantization unit 310, an inverse transform processing unit 312, a reconstruction unit 314 (for example, a summer 314), a buffer 316, a loop filter 320, and The decoded picture buffer 330 and the prediction processing unit 360.
  • the prediction processing unit 360 may include an inter prediction unit 344, an intra prediction unit 354, and a mode selection unit 362.
  • video decoder 30 may perform decoding passes that are substantially reciprocal of the encoding passes described with video encoder 20 of FIG. 3.
  • the entropy decoding unit 304 is used to perform entropy decoding on the encoded picture data 21 to obtain, for example, quantized coefficients 309 and/or decoded encoding parameters (not shown in FIG. 4), for example, inter prediction, intra prediction parameters , Loop filter parameters and/or any one or all of other syntax elements (decoded).
  • the entropy decoding unit 304 is further configured to forward the inter prediction parameters, intra prediction parameters, and/or other syntax elements to the prediction processing unit 360.
  • the video decoder 30 may receive syntax elements at the video slice level and/or the video block level.
  • the inverse quantization unit 310 can be functionally the same as the inverse quantization unit 110
  • the inverse transformation processing unit 312 can be functionally the same as the inverse transformation processing unit 212
  • the reconstruction unit 314 can be functionally the same as the reconstruction unit 214
  • the buffer 316 can be functionally identical.
  • the loop filter 320 may be functionally the same as the loop filter 220
  • the decoded picture buffer 330 may be functionally the same as the decoded picture buffer 230.
  • the prediction processing unit 360 may include an inter prediction unit 344 and an intra prediction unit 354.
  • the inter prediction unit 344 may be functionally similar to the inter prediction unit 244, and the intra prediction unit 354 may be functionally similar to the intra prediction unit 254.
  • the prediction processing unit 360 is generally used to perform block prediction and/or obtain a prediction block 365 from the encoded data 21, and to receive or obtain (explicitly or implicitly) prediction-related parameters and/or related parameters from, for example, the entropy decoding unit 304. Information about the selected prediction mode.
  • the intra-prediction unit 354 of the prediction processing unit 360 is used to predict the intra-prediction mode based on the signal and the information from the previous decoded block of the current frame or picture. Data to generate a prediction block 365 for the picture block of the current video slice.
  • the inter-prediction unit 344 e.g., motion compensation unit
  • the prediction processing unit 360 is used to based on the motion vector and received from the entropy decoding unit 304
  • the other syntax elements generate a prediction block 365 for the video block of the current video slice.
  • a prediction block can be generated from a reference picture in a reference picture list.
  • the video decoder 30 may use the default construction technique to construct a list of reference frames based on the reference pictures stored in the DPB 330: List 0 and List 1.
  • the prediction processing unit 360 is configured to determine prediction information for a video block of the current video slice by parsing motion vectors and other syntax elements, and use the prediction information to generate a prediction block for the current video block being decoded.
  • the prediction processing unit 360 uses some received syntax elements to determine the prediction mode (for example, intra or inter prediction) and the inter prediction slice type (for example, B slice, P slice or GPB slice), construction information for one or more of the reference picture list for the slice, motion vector for each inter-coded video block of the slice, The inter prediction status and other information of each inter-coded video block of the slice to decode the video block of the current video slice.
  • the syntax elements received by the video decoder 30 from the bitstream include receiving adaptive parameter set (APS), sequence parameter set (sequence parameter set, SPS), and picture parameter set (picture parameter set). parameter set, PPS) or a syntax element in one or more of the slice headers.
  • APS adaptive parameter set
  • SPS sequence parameter set
  • PPS picture parameter set
  • the inverse quantization unit 310 may be used to inverse quantize (ie, inverse quantize) the quantized transform coefficients provided in the bitstream and decoded by the entropy decoding unit 304.
  • the inverse quantization process may include using the quantization parameter calculated by the video encoder 20 for each video block in the video slice to determine the degree of quantization that should be applied and also determine the degree of inverse quantization that should be applied.
  • the inverse transform processing unit 312 is used to apply an inverse transform (for example, an inverse DCT, an inverse integer transform, or a conceptually similar inverse transform process) to transform coefficients in order to generate a residual block in the pixel domain.
  • an inverse transform for example, an inverse DCT, an inverse integer transform, or a conceptually similar inverse transform process
  • the reconstruction unit 314 (for example, the summer 314) is used to add the inverse transform block 313 (that is, the reconstructed residual block 313) to the prediction block 365 to obtain the reconstructed block 315 in the sample domain, for example by adding The sample value of the reconstructed residual block 313 and the sample value of the prediction block 365 are added.
  • the loop filter unit 320 (during or after the encoding cycle) is used to filter the reconstructed block 315 to obtain the filtered block 321, so as to smoothly perform pixel conversion or improve video quality.
  • the loop filter unit 320 may be used to perform any combination of the filtering techniques described below.
  • the loop filter unit 320 is intended to represent one or more loop filters, such as deblocking filters, sample-adaptive offset (SAO) filters or other filters, such as bilateral filters, auto Adaptive loop filter (ALF), or sharpening or smoothing filter, or collaborative filter.
  • the loop filter unit 320 is shown as an in-loop filter in FIG. 4, in other configurations, the loop filter unit 320 may be implemented as a post-loop filter.
  • the decoded video block 321 in a given frame or picture is then stored in a decoded picture buffer 330 that stores reference pictures for subsequent motion compensation.
  • the decoder 30 is used to output the decoded picture 31, for example, through the output 332, for presentation or viewing by the user.
  • the decoder 30 may generate an output video stream without the loop filter unit 320.
  • the non-transform-based decoder 30 may directly inversely quantize the residual signal without the inverse transform processing unit 312 for certain blocks or frames.
  • the video decoder 30 may have an inverse quantization unit 310 and an inverse transform processing unit 312 combined into a single unit.
  • the video decoder 30 may generate an output video stream without processing by the filter 320; or, for some image blocks or image frames, the entropy decoding unit 304 of the video decoder 30 does not decode the quantized coefficients, and accordingly does not It needs to be processed by the inverse quantization unit 310 and the inverse transform processing unit 312.
  • the loop filter 320 is optional; and for lossless compression, the inverse quantization unit 310 and the inverse transform processing unit 312 are optional.
  • the inter prediction unit and the intra prediction unit may be selectively activated.
  • the processing result for a certain link can be further processed and output to the next link, for example, in interpolation filtering, motion vector derivation or loop filtering, etc.
  • After the link perform operations such as Clip or shift on the processing result of the corresponding link.
  • the motion vector of the control point of the current image block derived from the motion vector of the adjacent affine coding block, or the motion vector of the sub-block of the current image block derived from the motion vector may undergo further processing, and this application will not do this limited.
  • the value of the motion vector (for example, the motion vector MV of the four 4x4 sub-blocks in an 8x8 image block) is restricted, so that the maximum difference between the integer parts of the four 4x4 sub-blocks MV does not exceed N pixels, for example, no more than one pixel.
  • ux (vx+2 bitDepth )%2 bitDepth
  • vx is the horizontal component of the motion vector of the image block or the sub-block of the image block
  • vy is the vertical component of the motion vector of the image block or the sub-block of the image block
  • ux and uy are intermediate values
  • bitDepth represents bit width
  • the value of vx is -32769, and the value obtained by the above formula is 32767. Because in the computer, the value is stored in the form of two's complement, the two's complement of -32769 is 1,0111,1111,1111,1111 (17 bits), the computer's handling of overflow is to discard the high bits, then the value of vx If it is 0111,1111,1111,1111, it is 32767, which is consistent with the result obtained by formula processing.
  • vx Clip3(-2 bitDepth-1 ,2 bitDepth-1 -1,vx)
  • vx is the horizontal component of the motion vector of the image block or the sub-block of the image block
  • vy is the vertical component of the motion vector of the image block or the sub-block of the image block
  • x, y and z correspond to MV respectively
  • the definition of Clip3 is to clamp the value of z to the interval [x, y]:
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a video decoding device 400 (for example, a video encoding device 400 or a video decoding device 400) provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the video coding device 400 is suitable for implementing the embodiments described herein.
  • the video coding device 400 may be a video decoder (for example, the decoder 30 of FIG. 1) or a video encoder (for example, the encoder 20 of FIG. 1).
  • the video coding device 400 may be one or more components of the decoder 30 in FIG. 1 or the encoder 20 in FIG. 1 described above.
  • the video decoding device 400 includes: an entry port 410 for receiving data and a receiving unit (Rx) 420, a processor, logic unit or central processing unit (CPU) 430 for processing data, and a transmitter unit for transmitting data (Tx) 440 and outlet port 450, and a memory 460 for storing data.
  • the video decoding device 400 may further include a photoelectric conversion component and an electro-optical (EO) component coupled with the inlet port 410, the receiver unit 420, the transmitter unit 440, and the outlet port 450 for the outlet or inlet of optical or electrical signals.
  • EO electro-optical
  • the processor 430 is implemented by hardware and software.
  • the processor 430 may be implemented as one or more CPU chips, cores (eg, multi-core processors), FPGA, ASIC, and DSP.
  • the processor 430 communicates with the inlet port 410, the receiver unit 420, the transmitter unit 440, the outlet port 450, and the memory 460.
  • the processor 430 includes a decoding module 470 (for example, an encoding module 470 or a decoding module 470).
  • the encoding/decoding module 470 implements the embodiments disclosed herein to implement the method for determining the image display order provided in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the encoding/decoding module 470 implements, processes, or provides various encoding operations.
  • the encoding/decoding module 470 provides a substantial improvement to the function of the video decoding device 400 and affects the conversion of the video decoding device 400 to different states.
  • the encoding/decoding module 470 is implemented by instructions stored in the memory 460 and executed by the processor 430.
  • the memory 460 includes one or more magnetic disks, tape drives, and solid-state hard disks, and can be used as an overflow data storage device for storing programs when these programs are selectively executed, and storing instructions and data read during program execution.
  • the memory 460 may be volatile and/or non-volatile, and may be read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), random access memory (ternary content-addressable memory, TCAM), and/or static Random Access Memory (SRAM).
  • FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram of an apparatus 500 that can be used as either or both of the source device 12 and the destination device 14 in FIG. 1 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the device 500 can implement the technology of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an implementation manner of an encoding device or a decoding device (referred to as a decoding device 500 for short) according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the decoding device 500 may include a processor 510, a memory 530, and a bus system 550.
  • the processor 510 and the memory 530 are connected through a bus system 550, the memory 530 is used to store instructions, and the processor 510 is used to execute instructions stored in the memory 530.
  • the memory 530 of the decoding device 500 stores program codes, and the processor 510 can call the program codes stored in the memory 530 to execute various video encoding or decoding methods described in this application. In order to avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.
  • the processor 510 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, referred to as "CPU"), and the processor 510 may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), and dedicated integration Circuit (ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory 530 may include a read only memory (ROM) device or a random access memory (RAM) device. Any other suitable type of storage device can also be used as the memory 530.
  • the memory 530 may include code and data 531 accessed by the processor 510 using the bus 550.
  • the memory 530 may further include an operating system 533 and an application program 535.
  • the application program 535 includes at least one program that allows the processor 510 to execute the video encoding or decoding method described in this application.
  • the application program 535 may include applications 1 to N, which further include a video encoding or decoding application (referred to as a video coding application) that executes the video encoding or decoding method described in this application.
  • the bus system 550 may also include a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for clear description, various buses are marked as the bus system 550 in the figure.
  • the decoding device 500 may further include one or more output devices, such as a display 570.
  • the display 570 may be a touch-sensitive display that merges the display with a touch-sensitive unit operable to sense touch input.
  • the display 570 may be connected to the processor 510 via the bus 550.
  • Video transmission system usually consists of collecting, encoding, sending, receiving, decoding and displaying these parts.
  • the acquisition module includes a camera or camera group and pre-processing to convert the optical signal into a digital video sequence.
  • the video sequence is encoded by the encoder and converted into a code stream.
  • the code stream is sent from the sending module to the receiving module via the network, and the code stream received by the receiving module is decoded and reconstructed into a video sequence by the decoder.
  • the finally reconstructed video sequence is sent to the display device for display after rendering and other post-processing.
  • the method for determining the image display order provided by the embodiments of the present application is mainly in video encoding and video decoding, and specifically involves sequence header parsing syntax, image header parsing syntax, and inter-frame prediction.
  • the method for determining the image display order provided by the embodiments of the present application can be used in devices or products containing encoder/decoder functions, for example, video processing software and hardware products, such as chips, and products or devices containing such chips , Such as mobile phones and other media products.
  • the encoding end may encode the video image to obtain a bit stream.
  • the decoding end may decode the bit stream to reconstruct the video image.
  • the decoding end after the decoding end receives the bit stream, it can start the video sequence decoding process.
  • the sequence header or the sequence start code appears specifically, in the first step, the period identification value is set to 0.
  • initialization operations such as clearing the reference image buffer can also be performed.
  • the second step is to determine the weighted quantization matrix.
  • the third step is to decode the images in sequence until the sequence start code, sequence end code or video editing code appears.
  • the fourth step if the sequence start code appears, return to the first step; if the sequence end code or video editing code appears, the images in the reference image buffer are sequentially output in the order of POI from small to large.
  • the initialization flag value can also be set to 0 to indicate that the initialization has not been performed. Then, after performing the first step, the initialization flag value is set to 1, to indicate that the initialization has been performed. Finally, before executing the second step, determine whether the initial identification value is 1. When the initial identification value is 1, execute the second step, and when the initial identification value is not 1, return to the first step.
  • the following Figure 8 embodiment is used in the image decoding process in the third step above.
  • the image header of the current image needs to be decoded first.
  • the image start code of the current image can be decoded first, and then parameters related to predictive quantization can be initialized.
  • the POI is calculated, and this process will be explained in detail in the embodiment of FIG. 8 below.
  • the weighted quantization matrix is derived from the bit stream of the image header of the current image.
  • Fig. 8 is a flow chart of a method for determining an image display order provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 8, the method includes:
  • Step 801 Obtain the decoding order index value of the current image and the decoding order index value of the previous image adjacent to the decoding order of the current image.
  • the decoding order index value is used to indicate the decoding order of the image, which can be directly obtained from the bitstream.
  • the decoding order index value of the current image can be obtained from the bit stream of the image header of the current image
  • the decoding order index value of the previous image can be obtained from the bit stream of the image header of the previous image.
  • the decoding order index value of the image is often cyclic.
  • the decoding order index value of the multiple images may be sequentially cyclic from 0 to 255.
  • the previous image adjacent to the decoding order of the current image refers to the latest decoded image whose decoding order is before the decoding order of the current image.
  • the current image is the first frame image in a video sequence
  • the decoding order index value of the previous image adjacent to the current image decoding order can be determined Any value not greater than the decoding order index value of the current image.
  • the parameter DOIPrev can be set.
  • the value of DOIPrev can be directly used as the decoding order index of the previous image adjacent to the current image decoding order value.
  • DOIPrev can be set to 0.
  • the value of DOIPrev (ie 0) can be directly used as the decoding of the previous image adjacent to the decoding order of the current image The order index value.
  • the decoding order index value of the current image will not be less than the decoding order index value of the previous image.
  • Step 802 When the decoding order index value of the current image is smaller than the decoding order index value of the previous image, add 1 to the period identification value.
  • the period identification value is not changed.
  • the cycle identification value is updated, and the updated cycle identification value is a value obtained by adding 1 to the original cycle identification value.
  • the cycle identification value is not updated, and the current cycle identification value is still used.
  • the cycle identification value can be increased by 1 to update the cycle identification value, so that the subsequent display order index value can be realized according to the updated cycle identification value and the decoding order index value of the current image The increment.
  • the decoding order index value of the current image When the decoding order index value of the current image is not less than the decoding order index value of the previous image, it indicates that the decoding order index value of the current image and the decoding order index value of the previous image are in the same round cycle, so the cycle identifier may not be updated at this time
  • the display order index value can be increased directly according to the current cycle identification value and the decoding order index value of the current image.
  • the period identification value can be set to 0 when decoding the sequence header or sequence start code of the video sequence where the current image is located. Since the sequence header or sequence start code of the video sequence where the current image is decoded is just beginning to decode the video sequence, the period identifier value can be set to 0, so that the decoding order index value of the image in the video sequence is at In the first round of the loop, the period identification value is not introduced when calculating the display order index value, and after the decoding order index value of the image in the video sequence starts to enter a new cycle, the period identification value is increased by 1 To update the period identification value, so that the updated period identification value is used to calculate the display order index value in the new cycle.
  • Step 803 Determine the display order index value of the current image according to the sum of the decoding order index value of the current image and the preset positive integer multiple of the period identification value.
  • the preset positive integer can be set in advance, and can be set according to the number of images in a cycle of the decoding order index value of the image.
  • the preset positive integer can be equal to the number of images in a cycle of the decoding order index value of the image. If the decoding order index value of the image in a video sequence is cycled sequentially from 0 to 255, the preset positive integer Can be 256.
  • the display order index value of the current image is determined directly according to the decoding order index value of the current image. Since the decoding order index value of the image is cyclic, the display order index value of the image is also cyclic. of. In the embodiment of the present application, the display order index value of the current image is determined according to the sum of the decoding order index value of the current image and the predetermined positive integer multiple of the period identification value.
  • the decoding order index value is equal to the preset positive integer multiple of the cycle identification value.
  • the sum of the period identification values, when determining the display order index value of the current image can realize the increase of the display order index value of the current image on the basis of the display order index value of the image before the current image in the decoding order. That is, the decoding order index value of the image in the embodiment of the present application is cyclic, while the display order index value of the image is increasing.
  • the decoding order index value of the current image can be assigned to DOIPrev, that is, DOIPrev is set to the decoding order index value of the current image.
  • DOIPrev is set to the decoding order index value of the current image.
  • POI is the display order index value of the current image
  • DOI is the decoding order index value of the current image
  • length is a preset positive integer
  • DOICycleCnt is the period identification value.
  • PictureOutputDelay is the image output delay value, which indicates the waiting time from the completion of the image decoding to the output display, which can be measured in units of the number of images. PictureOutputDelay may be equal to the value of the syntax element picture_output_delay included in the bitstream of the picture header of the current picture.
  • OutputReorderDelay is the image reordering delay value, which indicates the reordering delay caused by the inconsistency of the image codec order and the display order, which can be measured in units of the number of images.
  • OutputReorderDelay is equal to the value of the syntax element output_reorder_delay included in the bitstream of the image header of the current image; when the low_delay value is 1 When, the value of OutputReorderDelay is 0.
  • the cycle identification value is increased by 1 to obtain the new cycle identification value; when the decoding order index value of the current image is not less than that of the previous image
  • the period identification value is not updated. After that, add the decoding order index value of the current image to the image output delay value and subtract the image reordering delay value, and finally add the product of the preset positive integer and the period identification value to get the display order index value of the current image.
  • the display order index value of the current image is increased on the basis of the display order index value of the image before the current image in the decoding order.
  • the display order of the current image can be determined accordingly, and then the current image can be output and displayed according to the display order of the current image.
  • the index value of the decoding order of the image in the reference image buffer of the current image can be updated, so that the following can be based on the updated Decoding order index value to obtain images from the reference image buffer and output them for display more quickly.
  • the reference image of the current image is stored in the reference image buffer of the current image, and the reference image of the current image is an image that has been decoded but has not been output for display in the video sequence where the current image is located.
  • the reference image buffer of the current image may include knowledge images or non-knowledge images.
  • the knowledge image is a reference image of a non-current bit stream used when decoding the current bit stream, and the knowledge image is not output and displayed.
  • the knowledge image may be a reference image input from the outside of the decoder.
  • the decoding order index values of all pictures in the reference picture buffer of the current picture are subtracted by a preset positive integer to update the The decoding order index values of all the pictures in the reference picture buffer; or, the decoding order index values of all pictures except the knowledge picture in the reference picture buffer of the current picture are subtracted by a preset positive integer to update the reference The decoding order index value of other images in the image buffer except the knowledge image.
  • the reference images stored in the reference image buffer of the current image can be output and displayed in sequence in real time.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the display order index value of any image in the reference image buffer of the current image and the display order index value of the current image may be less than The preset positive integer is divided by 2; or, the absolute value of the difference between the display order index value of any image except the knowledge image in the reference image buffer of the current image and the display order index value of the current image can be less than Preset a positive integer divided by 2.
  • the decoded image can be stored in the reference image buffer first, and then the images are sequentially acquired from the reference image buffer and output and displayed.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the display order index value of the image in the reference image buffer and the display order index value of the current image is less than the preset positive integer divided by 2.
  • the storage of the image in the reference image buffer is suspended, and the reference is first The image in the image buffer is output and displayed until the absolute value of the difference between the display order index value of the image in the reference image buffer and the display order index value of the current image is less than the preset positive integer divided by 2, and then The image is stored in the reference image buffer.
  • the motion information of the current image can be determined accordingly, so that the current image can be subsequently decoded according to the motion information of the current image.
  • the motion information of the current image can be acquired according to the display order index value of the current image and the display order index value of the reference image of the current image.
  • the motion information of the current image may be the motion information of the current image block of the current image (motionInfo0), and the motion information of the current image block may include the indication information of the prediction direction (usually using the first reference image list to predict, use The second reference image list prediction or dual list prediction, such as the information represented by the prediction reference mode identifier inter_pred_ref_mode), one or two motion vectors pointing to the reference block, and the indication information of the image where the reference block is located (usually recorded as the reference frame index) )Wait.
  • motionInfo0 the motion information of the current image block of the current image
  • the motion information of the current image block may include the indication information of the prediction direction (usually using the first reference image list to predict, use The second reference image list prediction or dual list prediction, such as the information represented by the prediction reference mode identifier inter_pred_ref_mode), one or two motion vectors pointing to the reference block, and the indication information of the image where the reference block is located (usually recorded as the reference frame index) )Wait.
  • the reference image of the current image may be at least one of the reference image in the first reference image list of the current image and the reference image in the second reference image list.
  • the reference image of the current image may be the reference image in the first reference image list.
  • the first reference image list and the second reference image list may be established in advance, and the first reference image list and the second reference image list may include decoded images whose decoding order is before the current image.
  • the indication information of the prediction direction can be set to 0, and when the motion information is derived from the second reference image list, the prediction direction can be set The indication information of is set to 1.
  • the indication information of the prediction direction can be set to 2.
  • the operation of obtaining the motion information of the current image may be: determining the distance index value of the current image according to the display order index value of the current image ; According to the display order index value of the reference image or the display order index value of the current image, determine the distance index value of the reference image; subtract the distance index value of the reference image from the distance index value of the current image to obtain the current image and The distance between the reference image; the motion information of the current image is determined according to the distance between the current image and the reference image.
  • BlockDistanceL0 DistanceIndexE ⁇ DistanceIndexL0.
  • BlockDistanceL0 is the distance between the current image and the reference image
  • DistanceIndexE is the distance index value of the current image
  • DistanceIndexL0 is the distance index value of the reference image.
  • BlockDistanceL1 DistanceIndexE ⁇ DistanceIndexL1.
  • BlockDistanceL1 is the distance between the current image and the reference image
  • DistanceIndexE is the distance index value of the current image
  • DistanceIndexL1 is the distance index value of the reference image.
  • the reference image of the current image is the image where the reference block of the current image block in the current image is located, and the distance between the current image and the reference image is the distance between the current image block and the reference block.
  • the distance index value of the image is used to indicate the distance between the image and the reference image of the image. Specifically, it can be used to indicate the image block of the image and the reference block pointed to by the motion vector of the image block (belonging to the image Reference image).
  • the distance index value of the image can be obtained from the bit stream of the image header of the image.
  • the display order index value of the current image may be multiplied by 2 as the distance index value of the current image.
  • the display order index value of the reference image or the display order index value of the current image when the distance index value of the reference image is determined, when the reference image is a knowledge image, the display order index value of the current image is reduced by 1 The value of is multiplied by 2 as the distance index value of the reference image; when the reference image is not a knowledge image, the display order index value of the reference image is multiplied by 2 as the distance index value of the reference image.
  • the operation of determining the motion information of the current image may be: determining the co-located image of the current image, determining the co-located image block in the co-located image with the same position as the current image block of the current image ; Obtain the motion vector of the co-located image block; obtain the distance between the co-located image and the co-located reference image, the co-located reference image is the image where the image block pointed to by the motion vector of the co-located image block; According to the current image and the reference image of the current image The distance between, and the distance between the co-located image and the co-located reference image, the motion vector of the co-located image block is scaled to obtain the motion vector of the current image block.
  • the co-located image of the current image can be an image whose display order index value is closer to the display order index value of the current image in the decoded image.
  • the co-located image of the current image can be adjacent to the display order of the current image.
  • the co-located image of the current image can also be obtained from the bit stream, that is, the bit stream can contain information indicating the co-located image of the current image, and the information can include the indication information of the co-located image list and the co-located image
  • the information may indicate that the co-located image of the current image is a reference image with an index number of 0 in the first reference image list.
  • the co-located image block in the co-located image may specifically be the image block in which the brightness sample corresponding to the position of the brightness sample in the upper left corner of the current image block of the current image in the co-located image is located.
  • the motion vector of the co-located image block is the brightness The motion vector of the sample.
  • the motion vector of the co-located image block can be obtained from its corresponding motion information storage unit.
  • the motion of the current image block in the current image is relatively close to the motion of the co-located image block in the co-located image, so it can be based on the current image and the current image.
  • the distance between the reference images and the distance between the co-located image and the co-located reference image are used to scale the motion vector of the co-located image block to obtain the motion vector of the current image block.
  • the distance index value of the co-located image and the distance index value of the co-located reference image can be obtained; the distance index value of the co-located image is subtracted from the distance index value of the co-located reference image to Get the distance between the co-located image and the co-located reference image.
  • BlockDistanceRef is the distance between the co-located image and the co-located reference image
  • DistanceIndexCol is the distance index value of the co-located image
  • DistanceIndexRef is the distance index value of the co-located reference image.
  • the motion vector scaling method includes temporal motion vector scaling and spatial motion vector scaling.
  • the time-domain motion vector scaling method is: find the reference image closest to the display order index value of the current image (denoted as CurPoi) from the reference image list as the co-located image, and the display order index value of the co-located image is denoted as ColPoi,
  • the display order index value of the reference picture of the current picture is denoted as RefPoi
  • the display order index value of the reference picture of the co-located picture is denoted as ColRefPoi
  • the motion vector of the co-located reference block of the current picture block in the co-located picture is denoted as MVcol.
  • the motion vector of the current image block is expressed as MVcur
  • MVcur can be expressed by the formula Derived.
  • the method of spatial motion vector scaling is: the display order index value of the current image is marked as CurPoi, DesPoi represents the display order index value of the reference image where the reference block of the current image block of the current image is located, and NeiPoi represents the current image in the current image
  • the display order index value of the reference image where the reference block of the adjacent image block of the block is located is located
  • MVn is the motion vector of the adjacent image block.
  • the motion vector of the current image block is expressed as MVcur
  • MVcur can be expressed by the formula Derived.
  • the temporal motion vector scaling method is adopted to obtain the motion vector of the current image block.
  • the motion vector of the current image block can be determined by the following formula:
  • mvE_x Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_x ⁇ BlockDistanceL ⁇ BlockDistanceRef) ⁇ (((Abs(mvRef_x ⁇ BlockDistanceL ⁇ (16384/BlockDistanceRef))+8192)>>14))
  • mvE_y Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_y ⁇ BlockDistanceL ⁇ BlockDistanceRef) ⁇ (((Abs(mvRef_y ⁇ BlockDistanceL ⁇ (16384/BlockDistanceRef))+8192)>>14))
  • mvE_x is the horizontal component of the motion vector of the current image block
  • mvE_y is the vertical component of the motion vector of the current image block
  • mvRef_x is the horizontal component of the motion vector of the co-located image block
  • mvRef_y is the vertical component of the motion vector of the co-located image block.
  • BlockDistanceL is the distance between the current image and the reference image of the current image
  • BlockDistanceRef is the distance between the co-located image and the co-located reference image.
  • the reference frame index (RefIdxL0) can be set to 0, and the current image can be obtained by the following formula The motion vector of the current image block;
  • mvE0_x Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_x ⁇ BlockDistanceL0 ⁇ BlockDistanceRef) ⁇ (((Abs(mvRef_x ⁇ BlockDistanceL0 ⁇ (16384/BlockDistanceRef))+8192)>>14))
  • mvE0_y Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_y ⁇ BlockDistanceL0 ⁇ BlockDistanceRef) ⁇ (((Abs(mvRef_y ⁇ BlockDistanceL0 ⁇ (16384/BlockDistanceRef))+8192)>>14))
  • mvE0_x is the horizontal component of the motion vector of the current image block
  • mvE0_y is the vertical component of the motion vector of the current image block
  • mvRef_x is the horizontal component of the motion vector of the same image block in the current image
  • mvRef_y is the same image
  • BlockDistanceL is the distance between the current image and the reference image of the current image
  • BlockDistanceRef is the distance between the co-located image and the reference image.
  • the reference frame index (RefIdxL1) can be set to 0, and the current image can be obtained by the following formula The motion vector of the current image block;
  • mvE1_x Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_x ⁇ BlockDistanceL1 ⁇ BlockDistanceRef) ⁇ (((Abs(mvRef_x ⁇ BlockDistanceL1 ⁇ (16384/BlockDistanceRef))+8192)>>14))
  • mvE1_y Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_y ⁇ BlockDistanceL1 ⁇ BlockDistanceRef) ⁇ (((Abs(mvRef_y ⁇ BlockDistanceL1 ⁇ (16384/BlockDistanceRef))+8192)>>14))
  • mvE1_x is the horizontal component of the motion vector of the current image block
  • mvE1_y is the vertical component of the motion vector of the current image block
  • mvRef_x is the horizontal component of the motion vector of the same image block in the current image
  • mvRef_y is the same image
  • BlockDistanceL is the distance between the current image and the reference image of the current image
  • BlockDistanceRef is the distance between the co-located image and the reference image.
  • the image distance calculation operation in the motion information export process can be simplified, and the motion vector scaling operation in the time-domain motion vector scaling method can be simplified, and the scaling can be directly performed without other judgments.
  • the complexity of coding and decoding can be reduced and the performance of coding and decoding can be improved.
  • the decoding order index value of the current image and the decoding order index value of the previous image adjacent to the decoding order of the current image are obtained, and then when the decoding order index value of the current image is less than the decoding order index of the previous image Value, add 1 to the period identification value. After that, the display order index value of the current image is determined according to the sum of the decoding order index value of the current image and the predetermined positive integer multiple of the period identification value.
  • the decoding order index value is equal to the preset positive integer multiple
  • the sum of the period identification values, when determining the display order index value of the current image, the display order index value of the current image can be increased on the basis of the display order index value of the image before the current image in the decoding order, that is, this In the application embodiment, the display order index value of the image is increasing.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for determining an image display order provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device for determining an image display order may be implemented by software, hardware or a combination of the two to become part or all of the video codec equipment.
  • the device includes: a first acquiring module 901, a first updating module 902, and a determining module 903.
  • the first obtaining module 901 is configured to obtain the decoding order index value of the current image and the decoding order index value of the previous image adjacent to the decoding order of the current image;
  • the first update module 902 is configured to increase the period identification value by 1 when the decoding order index value of the current image is less than the decoding order index value of the previous image;
  • the determining module 903 is configured to determine the display order index value of the current image according to the sum of the decoding order index value of the current image and the preset positive integer multiple of the period identification value.
  • the display order index value of the current image is determined by the following formula:
  • POI is the display order index value of the current image
  • DOI is the decoding order index value of the current image
  • PictureOutputDelay is the image output delay value
  • OutputReorderDelay is the image reorder delay value
  • length is a preset positive integer
  • DOICycleCnt is the cycle identification value.
  • the device further includes:
  • the second update module is used to subtract a preset positive integer from the decoding order index values of all the pictures in the reference picture buffer of the current picture when the decoding order index value of the current picture is less than the decoding order index value of the previous picture To update the decoding order index value of all images.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the display order index value of any image in the reference image buffer and the display order index value of the current image is less than a preset positive integer divided by 2.
  • the preset positive integer is 256.
  • the device further includes:
  • the setting module is used to set the period identification value to 0 when decoding the sequence header or sequence start code of the video sequence where the current image is located.
  • the device further includes:
  • the second acquisition module is used to acquire the motion information of the current image according to the display order index value of the current image and the display order index value of the reference image of the current image.
  • the second acquisition module includes:
  • the first determining unit is configured to determine the distance index value of the current image according to the display order index value of the current image
  • the second determining unit is configured to determine the distance index value of the reference image according to the display order index value of the reference image or the display order index value of the current image;
  • a calculation unit configured to subtract the distance index value of the reference image from the distance index value of the current image to obtain the distance between the current image and the reference image;
  • the third determining unit is configured to determine the motion information of the current image according to the distance between the current image and the reference image.
  • the first determining unit is used to:
  • the second determining unit is used to:
  • the reference image is a knowledge image
  • the value obtained by subtracting 1 from the display order index value of the current image is multiplied by 2 as the distance index value of the reference image
  • the display order index value of the reference image is multiplied by 2 as the distance index value of the reference image.
  • the third determining unit is used to:
  • the co-located reference image is the image where the image block pointed to by the motion vector of the co-located image block is located
  • the motion vector of the same image block is scaled to obtain the motion vector of the current image block.
  • the third determining unit is used to:
  • the motion vector of the current image block is determined by the following formula:
  • mvE_x Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_x ⁇ BlockDistanceL ⁇ BlockDistanceRef) ⁇ (((Abs(mvRef_x ⁇ BlockDistanceL ⁇ (16384/BlockDistanceRef))+8192)>>14))
  • mvE_y Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_y ⁇ BlockDistanceL ⁇ BlockDistanceRef) ⁇ (((Abs(mvRef_y ⁇ BlockDistanceL ⁇ (16384/BlockDistanceRef))+8192)>>14))
  • mvE_x is the horizontal component of the motion vector of the current image block
  • mvE_y is the vertical component of the motion vector of the current image block
  • mvRef_x is the horizontal component of the motion vector of the co-located image block
  • mvRef_y is the vertical component of the motion vector of the co-located image block.
  • BlockDistanceL is the distance between the current image and the reference image
  • BlockDistanceRef is the distance between the co-located image and the reference image.
  • the decoding order index value of the current image and the decoding order index value of the previous image adjacent to the decoding order of the current image are obtained, and then when the decoding order index value of the current image is less than the decoding order index of the previous image Value, add 1 to the period identification value. After that, the display order index value of the current image is determined according to the sum of the decoding order index value of the current image and the predetermined positive integer multiple of the period identification value.
  • the decoding order index value is equal to the preset positive integer multiple
  • the sum of the period identification values, when determining the display order index value of the current image, the display order index value of the current image can be increased on the basis of the display order index value of the image before the current image in the decoding order, that is, this In the application embodiment, the display order index value of the image is increasing.
  • the device for determining the image display order provided in the above embodiment only uses the division of the above-mentioned functional modules for illustration when determining the image display order.
  • the above-mentioned function assignments can be assigned to different functions as required.
  • the function module is completed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different function modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
  • the device for determining the image display order provided in the foregoing embodiment and the embodiment of the method for determining the image display order belong to the same concept. For the specific implementation process, please refer to the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example: floppy disk, hard disk, tape), optical medium (for example: Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)) or semiconductor medium (for example: Solid State Disk (SSD)) Wait.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种图像显示顺序的确定方法、装置和视频编解码设备，属于视频编解码领域。所述方法包括：获取当前图像的解码顺序索引值以及与所述当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像的解码顺序索引值；当所述当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于所述在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将周期标识值加1；根据所述当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的所述周期标识值的和，确定所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值。本申请可以实现当前图像的显示顺序索引值在解码顺序在当前图像之前的图像的显示顺序索引值的基础上的递增，也即是，本申请实施例中图像的显示顺序索引值是递增的。

Description

图像显示顺序的确定方法、装置和视频编解码设备
本申请要求于2019年01月23日提交的申请号为201910065224.3、发明名称为“视频编码器、视频解码器及相应方法”的中国专利申请以及于2019年07月25日提交的申请号为201910679070.7、发明名称为“图像显示顺序的确定方法、装置和视频编解码设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及视频编解码领域，特别涉及一种图像显示顺序的确定方法、装置和视频编解码设备。
背景技术
随着信息技术的进步，高清晰度电视、网络会议、网络协议电视(internet protocol television，IPTV)、3D电视等中的视频业务迅速发展。视频以其直观性和高效性等优势成为人们日常生活中获取信息最主要的方式。由于视频包含的数据量大，会占用大量的传输带宽和存储空间，所以为了有效的传输和存储视频，需要对视频进行编码和解码，从而使得视频的编码技术和解码技术越来越成为视频应用领域中不可或缺的关键技术。
编码端可以对视频图像进行编码，来得到位流。编码端将位流发送到解码端之后，解码端可以对位流进行解码来重构视频图像。视频图像在位流中按位流顺序排列，位流顺序与解码顺序相同，解码顺序可与显示顺序不相同。其中，解码顺序是指根据编码图像之间的预测关系，对编码图像进行解码的顺序；显示顺序是指显示解码图像的顺序。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种图像显示顺序的确定方法、装置和视频编解码设备，可以使得图像的显示顺序索引值是递增的。所述技术方案如下：
第一方面，提供了一种图像显示顺序的确定方法，所述方法包括：
获取当前图像的解码顺序索引值以及与所述当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像的解码顺序索引值；当所述当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于所述在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将周期标识值加1；根据所述当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的所述周期标识值的和，确定所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值。
需要说明的是，预设正整数可以预先进行设置，且可以根据图像的解码顺序索引值的一轮循环中的图像个数来进行设置。例如，预设正整数可以为256。
本申请实施例中，是根据当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的周期标识值的和，确定当前图像的显示顺序索引值。由于预设正整数倍的周期标识值为解码顺序索引值处于当前图像所在的一轮循环之前的所有轮循环中的图像个数，所以根据当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的周期标识值的和，确定当前图像的显示顺序索引值时，可以实现当前图 像的显示顺序索引值在解码顺序在当前图像之前的图像的显示顺序索引值的基础上的递增。也即是，本申请实施例中图像的解码顺序索引值是循环的，而图像的显示顺序索引值是递增的。
其中，所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值通过如下公式确定：
POI＝DOI+PictureOutputDelay－OutputReorderDelay+length×DOICycleCnt
其中，所述POI为所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值，所述DOI为所述当前图像的解码顺序索引值，所述PictureOutputDelay为图像输出延迟值，所述OutputReorderDelay为图像重排序延迟值，所述length为所述预设正整数，所述DOICycleCnt为所述周期标识值。
本申请实施例中，当当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将周期标识值加1来得到新的周期标识值；当当前图像的解码顺序索引值不小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，不更新周期标识值。之后，将当前图像的解码顺序索引值加上图像输出延迟值再减去图像重排序延迟值，最后加上预设正整数与周期标识值的乘积，来得到当前图像的显示顺序索引值，可以实现当前图像的显示顺序索引值在解码顺序在当前图像之前的图像的显示顺序索引值的基础上的递增。
进一步地，所述方法还包括：当所述当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于所述在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将所述当前图像的参考图像缓冲区中的所有图像的解码顺序索引值均减去所述预设正整数，以更新所述所有图像的解码顺序索引值。如此，可以根据更新后的解码顺序索引值，从参考图像缓冲区中更为快速地获取图像并输出显示。
需要说明的是，为了保证图像输出效率和图像预测准确度，所述参考图像缓冲区中的任一图像的显示顺序索引值与所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值之间的差值的绝对值小于所述预设正整数除以2。
进一步地，所述方法还包括：在解码所述当前图像所在的视频序列的序列头或序列起始码时，将所述周期标识值设置为0。
需要说明的是，由于在解码当前图像所在的视频序列的序列头或序列起始码，是刚开始解码该视频序列，所以可以将周期标识值设置为0，以在该视频序列中的图像的解码顺序索引值处于第一轮循环时，在计算显示顺序索引值时不引入周期标识值，而在之后该视频序列中的图像的解码顺序索引值每开始进入一次新一轮循环时，通过将周期标识值加1来更新周期标识值，以在该新一轮循环中均使用更新后的周期标识值来计算显示顺序索引值。
进一步地，所述方法还包括：根据所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值和所述当前图像的参考图像的显示顺序索引值，获取所述当前图像的运动信息。
需要说明的是，当前图像的运动信息可以为当前图像的当前图像块的运动信息，当前图像块的运动信息可以包括预测方向的指示信息(通常为使用第一参考图像列表预测、使用第二参考图像列表预测或使用双列表预测)、一个或两个指向参考块的运动矢量、参考块所在图像的指示信息(通常记为参考帧索引)等。
其中，所述根据所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值和所述当前图像的参考图像的显示顺序索引值，获取所述当前图像的运动信息，包括：根据所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定所述当前图像的距离索引值；根据所述参考图像的显示顺序索引值或所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定所述参考图像的距离索引值；将所述当前图像的距离索引值减去所述参考图像的距离索引值，以得到所述当前图像与所述参考图像之间的距离；根据所述当前图像与所 述参考图像之间的距离，确定所述当前图像的运动信息。
需要说明的是，当前图像的参考图像为当前图像中的当前图像块的参考块所在的图像，当前图像与该参考图像之间的距离即是当前图像块与该参考块之间的距离。
另外，图像的距离索引值用于指示该图像与该图像的参考图像之间的距离，具体可以用于指示该图像的图像块和该图像块的运动矢量所指向的参考块(属于该图像的参考图像)之间的距离。图像的距离索引值可以从该图像的图像头的位流中获取得到。
其中，所述根据所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定所述当前图像的距离索引值，包括：将所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值乘以2，以作为所述当前图像的距离索引值。
其中，所述根据所述参考图像的显示顺序索引值或所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定所述参考图像的距离索引值，包括：当所述参考图像为知识图像时，将所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值减1得到的数值乘以2，以作为所述参考图像的距离索引值；当所述参考图像不为知识图像时，将所述参考图像的显示顺序索引值乘以2，以作为所述参考图像的距离索引值。
需要说明的是，知识图像是解码当前位流时使用的非当前位流的参考图像，知识图像不进行输出显示，如知识图像可以为从解码器的外部输入的参考图像。
其中，所述根据所述当前图像与所述参考图像之间的距离，确定所述当前图像的运动信息，包括：确定所述当前图像的同位图像；确定所述同位图像中位置与所述当前图像的当前图像块的位置相同的同位图像块；获取所述同位图像块的运动矢量；获取所述同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离，所述同位参考图像为所述同位图像块的运动矢量指向的图像块所在的图像；根据所述当前图像与所述参考图像之间的距离以及所述同位图像与所述同位参考图像之间的距离，对所述同位图像块的运动矢量进行缩放，以得到所述当前图像块的运动矢量。
需要说明的是，当前图像的同位图像可以为已解码的图像中显示顺序索引值与当前图像的显示顺序索引值较为接近的图像，如当前图像的同位图像可以为与当前图像的显示顺序相邻的在先图像；或者，当前图像的同位图像也可以根据位流获取得到，即位流中可以包含用于指示当前图像的同位图像的信息，该信息可以包括同位图像所在列表的指示信息和同位图像的索引号，例如，该信息可以指示当前图像的同位图像为第一参考图像列表中索引号为0的参考图像。
另外，同位图像中的同位图像块具体可以为同位图像中位置与当前图像的当前图像块的左上角亮度样本位置对应的亮度样本所在的图像块，此时同位图像块的运动矢量即为该亮度样本的运动矢量。同位图像块的运动矢量可以从其对应的运动信息存储单元中获取得到。
在本申请实施例中，由于当前图像与同位图像之间具有很大的时间相关性，所以当前图像中的当前图像块的运动与同位图像中的同位图像块的运动比较接近，因而可以根据当前图像与当前图像的参考图像之间的距离以及同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离，对同位图像块的运动矢量进行缩放来得到当前图像块的运动矢量。
其中，所述获取所述同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离，包括：获取所述同位图像的距离索引值以及所述同位参考图像的距离索引值；将所述同位图像的距离索引值减去所述同位参考图像的距离索引值，以得到所述同位图像与所述同位参考图像之间的距离。
其中，所述当前图像块的运动矢量通过如下公式确定；
mvE_x＝Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_x×BlockDistanceL×BlockDistanceRef)×(((Abs(mv  Ref_x×BlockDistanceL×(16384/BlockDistanceRef)))+8192)>>14))
mvE_y＝Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_y×BlockDistanceL×BlockDistanceRef)×(((Abs(mv Ref_y×BlockDistanceL×(16384/BlockDistanceRef)))+8192)>>14))
其中，所述mvE_x为所述当前图像块的运动矢量的水平分量，所述mvE_y为所述当前图像块的运动矢量的竖直分量，所述mvRef_x为所述同位图像块的运动矢量的水平分量，所述mvRef_y为所述同位图像块的运动矢量的竖直分量，所述BlockDistanceL为所述当前图像与所述参考图像之间的距离，所述BlockDistanceRef为所述同位图像与所述同位参考图像之间的距离。
第二方面，提供了一种图像显示顺序的确定装置，所述图像显示顺序的确定装置具有实现上述第一方面中图像显示顺序的确定方法行为的功能。所述图像显示顺序的确定装置包括至少一个模块，所述至少一个模块用于实现上述第一方面所提供的图像显示顺序的确定方法。
第三方面，提供了一种图像显示顺序的确定装置，所述图像显示顺序的确定装置的结构中包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器用于存储支持图像显示顺序的确定装置执行上述第一方面所提供的图像显示顺序的确定方法的程序，以及存储用于实现上述第一方面所述的图像显示顺序的确定方法所涉及的数据。所述处理器被配置为用于执行所述存储器中存储的程序。所述图像显示顺序的确定装置还可以包括通信总线，所述通信总线用于在所述处理器与所述存储器之间建立连接。
第四方面，提供了一种视频编解码设备，所述设备包括：相互耦合的非易失性存储器和处理器，所述处理器调用存储在所述存储器中的程序代码以执行上述第一方面所描述的方法。
第五方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面所述的图像显示顺序的确定方法。
第六方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面所述的图像显示顺序的确定方法。
上述第二方面、第三方面、第四方面、第五方面和第六方面所获得的技术效果与上述第一方面中对应的技术手段获得的技术效果近似，在这里不再赘述。
本申请提供的技术方案至少可以带来以下有益效果：
获取当前图像的解码顺序索引值以及与当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像的解码顺序索引值，然后当当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将周期标识值加1。之后，根据当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的周期标识值的和，确定当前图像的显示顺序索引值。由于预设正整数倍的周期标识值为解码顺序索引值处于当前图像所在的一轮循环之前的所有轮循环中的图像个数，所以根据当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的周期标识值的和，确定当前图像的显示顺序索引值时，可以实现当前图像的显示顺序索引值在解码顺序在当前图像之前的图像的显示顺序索引值的基础上的递增，也即是，本申请实施例中图像的显示顺序索引值是递增的。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种视频编码及解码系统的框图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种视频译码系统的框图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种编码器的框图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种解码器的框图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种视频译码设备的结构示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种编码设备或解码设备的框图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种视频传输系统的示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种图像显示顺序的确定方法的流程图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种图像显示顺序的确定装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请的实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
在对本申请实施例进行解释说明之前，先对本申请实施例的应用场景进行简单介绍。
随着信息技术的进步，高清晰度电视、网络会议、IPTV、3D电视等中的视频业务迅速发展。视频以其直观性和高效性等优势成为人们日常生活中获取信息最主要的方式。由于视频包含的数据量大，会占用大量的传输带宽和存储空间，所以为了有效的传输和存储视频，需要对视频进行编码和解码，从而使得视频的编码技术和解码技术越来越成为视频应用领域中不可或缺的关键技术。其中，编码也称为压缩或压缩编码，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
下面对视频的编码过程和解码过程进行解释说明。
其中，编码过程主要包括帧内预测(intra prediction)、帧间预测(inter prediction)、变换(transform)、量化(quantization)、熵编码(entropy encode)等环节。具体地，将待编码的图像划分为图像块之后，对于每个图像块，对这个图像块进行帧内预测或帧间预测。帧内预测是利用该图像中已编码区域内像素点的像素值对这个图像块内像素点的像素值进行预测；帧间预测是在已编码的图像中，为这个图像块寻找匹配的参考块，将参考块内像素点的像素值作为这个图像块内像素点的像素值的预测值。利用帧内预测或帧间预测得到这个图像块内像素点的像素值的预测值之后，将这个图像块内像素点的像素值减去对应的预测值后得到残差信息，然后对残差信息进行变换和量化，最后进行熵编码来得到压缩码流并输出。此处的图像块为由M*N个已知像素值的像素点组成的阵列，M和N均为正整数，且M可以等于N，也可以不等于N。
其中，解码过程相当于编码过程的逆过程。比如，对于待解码的图像中的每个图像块，可以先利用熵解码、反量化和反变换得到残差信息，再确定这个图像块的预测方式是帧内预测还是帧间预测。如果是帧内预测，则利用这个图像块所在图像中已解码区域内像素点的像素值来构建这个图像块内像素点的预测值。如果是帧间预测，则需要先确定这个图像块的运动信息，再使用该运动信息在已解码的图像中确定参考块，将参考块内像素点的像素值作为这个图像块内像素点的预测值。最后，根据残差信息和预测值就可以实现对这个图像块的解码。
下面对帧间预测进行解释说明。
帧间预测是在已编码的参考图像中，为待编码的图像中的图像块寻找匹配的参考块，将参考块内像素点的像素值作为该图像块内像素点的像素值的预测值，此过程称为运动估计 (Motion estimation，ME)，然后传输该图像块的运动信息。运动估计过程需要为该图像块在参考图像中尝试匹配多个参考块，最终使用哪一个或哪几个参考块用作帧间预测可以使用率失真优化(Rate-distortion optimization，RDO)或其他方法确定。
该图像块的运动信息可以包括预测方向的指示信息(通常为使用第一参考图像列表预测、使用第二参考图像列表预测或使用双列表预测，如可以为预测参考模式标识inter_pred_ref_mode表示的信息)、一个或两个指向参考块的运动矢量(Motion vector，MV)、参考块所在图像的指示信息(通常记为参考帧索引(Reference index))等。
其中，第一参考图像列表预测是指从第一参考图像列表中选择一个参考图像获取参考块。第二参考图像列表预测是指从第二参考图像列表中选择一个参考图像获取参考块。双列表预测是指从第一参考图像列表和第二参考图像列表中各选择一个参考图像获取参考块。当使用双列表预测时，会存在两个参考块，每个参考块各自需要运动矢量和参考帧索引进行指示，可以根据这两个参考块内像素点的像素值确定该图像块内像素点的像素值的预测值。
其中，由于视频中相邻图像之间存在很大的时间相关性，所以可将每个图像分成若干个互不重叠的图像块，并认为图像块内所有像素点的运动都相同，以图像块为单位分配运动矢量。本申请实施例中，将待编码(或待解码)的图像称为当前图像，将待编码(或待解码)的图像中正在编码(或正在解码)的图像块称为当前图像块。在对当前图像中的当前图像块进行帧间预测时，将已编码的图像作为参考图像，在参考图像中的一定搜索区域内对当前图像块进行运动搜索，找到与当前图像块满足匹配准则的匹配块。当前图像块与参考图像中的匹配块之间的空间位置相对偏移量为运动矢量。编码端在对视频进行编码时，将参考图像信息、运动矢量信息和残差信息进行编码后发送到解码端。解码端从已解码的参考图像中找到运动矢量所指向位置处的参考块，将参考块内像素点的像素值和残差信息相加后可以得到当前图像块内像素点的像素值，如此解码端即可恢复出当前图像块。
下面对显示顺序索引(picture_order_index，POI)和解码顺序索引(decode_order_index，DOI)进行解释说明。
视频序列是位流的最高层语法结构。视频序列由第一个序列头开始，序列结束码或视频编辑码表明了一个视频序列的结束。视频序列的第一个序列头到第一个出现的序列结束码或视频编辑码之间的序列头为重复序列头。每个序列头后面跟着一个或多个编码图像，每个编码图像之前有图像头，一个编码图像的编码数据由图像起始码开始，到序列起始码、序列结束码或下一个图像起始码结束。一个编码图像对应的序列头为解码顺序在这个编码图像之前的最近的序列头。
图像在位流中按位流顺序排列，位流顺序与解码顺序相同，解码顺序可与显示顺序不相同。其中，解码顺序是指根据编码图像之间的预测关系，对编码图像进行解码的顺序；显示顺序是指显示解码图像的顺序。图像的POI用于指示图像的显示顺序，图像的DOI用于指示图像的解码顺序。
编码图像中可以包括三种类型的图像，分别为I图像、P图像和B图像。I图像是解码中的基准帧，是使用帧内压缩编码形成的图像。P图像是前向预测帧，是根据前面的I图像或P图像进行预测得到。B图像是双向预测帧，是根据相邻(前后均可)的最近的I图像或P图像进行双向预测得到。如果视频序列中没有B图像，解码顺序与显示顺序相同。如果视频序列中包含B图像，解码顺序与显示顺序不同，解码图像输出显示前需要进行重排序，如此会 出现图像显示延时。
本申请实施例所涉及的技术方案不仅可能应用于现有的视频编码标准中(如H.264、HEVC等标准)，还可能应用于未来的视频编码标准中(如H.266标准)。本申请的实施方式部分使用的术语仅用于对本申请的具体实施例进行解释，而非旨在限定本申请。下面先对本申请实施例可能涉及的一些概念进行简单介绍。
视频编码通常是指处理形成视频或视频序列的图片序列。在视频编解码领域，术语“图片(picture)”、“帧(frame)”或“图像(image)”可以用作同义词。视频编码在源侧执行，通常包括编码器处理(例如，通过压缩)原始视频图片以减少表示视频图片所需的数据量，从而更高效地存储和/或传输。视频解码在目的地侧执行，通常包括解码器相对于编码器作逆处理，以重构视频图片。
视频序列包括一系列图像，图像被进一步划分为切片(slice)，切片再被划分为块(block)。视频编码以块为单位进行编码处理。在一些新的视频编码标准中，块的概念被进一步扩展。比如，在H.264标准中有宏块(macroblock，MB)，宏块可进一步划分成多个可用于预测编码的预测块(partition)。在HEVC标准中，采用编码单元(coding unit，CU)、预测单元(prediction unit，PU)和变换单元(transform unit，TU)等基本概念，从功能上划分了多种块单元，并采用全新的基于树结构进行描述。如CU可以按照四叉树进行划分为更小的CU，而更小的CU还可以继续划分，从而形成一种四叉树结构，CU是对编码图像进行划分和编码的基本单元。对于PU和TU也有类似的树结构，PU可以对应预测块，是预测编码的基本单元。对CU按照划分模式进一步划分成多个PU。TU可以对应变换块，是对预测残差进行变换的基本单元。然而，无论CU、PU还是TU，本质上都属于块(或称图像块)的概念。
例如，在HEVC中，通过使用表示为编码树的四叉树结构将CTU拆分为多个CU。在CU层级处作出是否使用图片间(时间)或图片内(空间)预测对图片区域进行编码的决策。每个CU可以根据PU拆分类型进一步拆分为一个、两个或四个PU。一个PU内应用相同的预测过程，并在PU基础上将相关信息传输到解码器。在通过基于PU拆分类型应用预测过程获取残差块之后，可以根据类似于用于CU的编码树的其它四叉树结构将CU分割成TU。在视频压缩技术最新的发展中，使用四叉树和二叉树(Quad-tree and binary tree，QTBT)分割帧来分割编码块。在QTBT块结构中，CU的形状可以为正方形或矩形。
本文中，为了便于描述和理解，可将当前图像中待处理的图像块称为当前块，如在编码中，指当前正在编码的块；在解码中，指当前正在解码的块。将参考图像中用于对当前块进行预测的已解码的图像块称为参考块，即参考块是为当前块提供参考信号的块，其中，参考信号表示参考块内的像素值。可将参考图像中为当前块提供预测信号的块称为预测块，其中，预测信号表示预测块内的像素值。例如，在遍历多个参考块以后，找到了最佳参考块，此最佳参考块将为当前块提供预测，此最佳参考块就可以称为预测块。
无损视频编码情况下，可以重构原始视频图片，即经重构视频图片具有与原始视频图片相同的质量(假设存储或传输期间没有传输损耗或其它数据丢失)。在有损视频编码情况下，通过例如量化执行进一步压缩，来减少表示视频图片所需的数据量，而解码器无法完全重构视频图片，即经重构视频图片的质量相比原始视频图片的质量较低或较差。
H.261的几个视频编码标准属于“有损混合型视频编解码”(即，将样本域中的空间和时间 预测与变换域中用于应用量化的2D变换编码结合)。视频序列的每个图片通常分割成不重叠的块集合，通常在块层级上进行编码。换句话说，编码器通常在块(视频块)层级处理亦即编码视频，例如，通过空间(图片内)预测和时间(图片间)预测来产生预测块，从当前块(当前处理或待处理的块)减去预测块以获取残差块，在变换域变换残差块并量化残差块，以减少待传输(压缩)的数据量，而解码器将相对于编码器的逆处理部分应用于经编码或经压缩块，以重构用于表示的当前块。另外，编码器复制解码器处理循环，使得编码器和解码器生成相同的预测(例如帧内预测和帧间预测)和/或重构，用于处理亦即编码后续块。
下面描述本申请实施例所应用的系统架构。参见图1，图1示例性地给出了本申请实施例所应用的视频编码及解码系统10的示意性框图。如图1所示，视频编码及解码系统10可包括源设备12和目的地设备14，源设备12产生经编码视频数据，因此，源设备12可被称为视频编码装置。目的地设备14可对由源设备12所产生的经编码的视频数据进行解码，因此，目的地设备14可被称为视频解码装置。源设备12、目的地设备14或两个的各种实施方案可包含一或多个处理器以及耦合到所述一或多个处理器的存储器。所述存储器可包含但不限于RAM、ROM、EEPROM、快闪存储器或可用于以可由计算机存取的指令或数据结构的形式存储所要的程序代码的任何其它媒体，如本文所描述。源设备12和目的地设备14可以包括各种装置，包含桌上型计算机、移动计算装置、笔记型(例如，膝上型)计算机、平板计算机、机顶盒、例如所谓的“智能”电话等电话手持机、电视机、相机、显示装置、数字媒体播放器、视频游戏控制台、车载计算机、无线通信设备或其类似者。
源设备12和目的地设备14之间可通过链路13进行通信连接，目的地设备14可经由链路13从源设备12接收经编码视频数据。链路13可包括能够将经编码视频数据从源设备12移动到目的地设备14的一或多个媒体或装置。在一个实例中，链路13可包括使得源设备12能够实时将经编码视频数据直接发射到目的地设备14的一或多个通信媒体。在此实例中，源设备12可根据通信标准(例如无线通信协议)来调制经编码视频数据，且可将经调制的视频数据发射到目的地设备14。所述一或多个通信媒体可包含无线和/或有线通信媒体，例如射频(RF)频谱或一或多个物理传输线。所述一或多个通信媒体可形成基于分组的网络的一部分，基于分组的网络例如为局域网、广域网或全球网络(例如，因特网)。所述一或多个通信媒体可包含路由器、交换器、基站或促进从源设备12到目的地设备14的通信的其它设备。
源设备12包括编码器20，另外，可选地，源设备12还可以包括图片源16、图片预处理器18、以及通信接口22。具体实现形态中，所述编码器20、图片源16、图片预处理器18、以及通信接口22可能是源设备12中的硬件部件，也可能是源设备12中的软件程序。分别描述如下：
图片源16，可以包括或可以为任何类别的图片捕获设备，用于例如捕获现实世界图片，和/或任何类别的图片或评论(对于屏幕内容编码，屏幕上的一些文字也认为是待编码的图片或图像的一部分)生成设备，例如，用于生成计算机动画图片的计算机图形处理器，或用于获取和/或提供现实世界图片、计算机动画图片(例如，屏幕内容、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)图片)的任何类别设备，和/或其任何组合(例如，实景(augmented reality，AR)图片)。图片源16可以为用于捕获图片的相机或者用于存储图片的存储器，图片源16还可以包括存储先前捕获或产生的图片和/或获取或接收图片的任何类别的(内部或外部)接口。当图片源 16为相机时，图片源16可例如为本地的或集成在源设备中的集成相机；当图片源16为存储器时，图片源16可为本地的或例如集成在源设备中的集成存储器。当所述图片源16包括接口时，接口可例如为从外部视频源接收图片的外部接口，外部视频源例如为外部图片捕获设备，比如相机、外部存储器或外部图片生成设备，外部图片生成设备例如为外部计算机图形处理器、计算机或服务器。接口可以为根据任何专有或标准化接口协议的任何类别的接口，例如有线或无线接口、光接口。
其中，图片可以视为像素点(picture element)的二维阵列或矩阵。阵列中的像素点也可以称为采样点。阵列或图片在水平和垂直方向(或轴线)上的采样点数目定义图片的尺寸和/或分辨率。为了表示颜色，通常采用三个颜色分量，即图片可以表示为或包含三个采样阵列。例如在RBG格式或颜色空间中，图片包括对应的红色、绿色及蓝色采样阵列。但是，在视频编码中，每个像素通常以亮度/色度格式或颜色空间表示，例如对于YUV格式的图片，包括Y指示的亮度分量(有时也可以用L指示)以及U和V指示的两个色度分量。亮度(luma)分量Y表示亮度或灰度水平强度(例如，在灰度等级图片中两者相同)，而两个色度(chroma)分量U和V表示色度或颜色信息分量。相应地，YUV格式的图片包括亮度采样值(Y)的亮度采样阵列，和色度值(U和V)的两个色度采样阵列。RGB格式的图片可以转换或变换为YUV格式，反之亦然，该过程也称为色彩变换或转换。如果图片是黑白的，该图片可以只包括亮度采样阵列。本申请实施例中，由图片源16传输至图片处理器的图片也可称为原始图片数据17。
图片预处理器18，用于接收原始图片数据17并对原始图片数据17执行预处理，以获取经预处理的图片19或经预处理的图片数据19。例如，图片预处理器18执行的预处理可以包括整修、色彩格式转换(例如，从RGB格式转换为YUV格式)、调色或去噪。
编码器20(或称视频编码器20)，用于接收经预处理的图片数据19，采用相关预测模式(如本文各个实施例中的预测模式)对经预处理的图片数据19进行处理，从而提供经编码图片数据21(下文将进一步基于图3或图5或图6描述编码器20的结构细节)。在一些实施例中，编码器20可以用于执行后文所描述的各个实施例，以实现本发明所描述的图像显示顺序的确定方法在编码侧的应用。
通信接口22，可用于接收经编码图片数据21，并可通过链路13将经编码图片数据21传输至目的地设备14或任何其它设备(如存储器)，以用于存储或直接重构，所述其它设备可为任何用于解码或存储的设备。通信接口22可例如用于将经编码图片数据21封装成合适的格式，例如数据包，以在链路13上传输。
目的地设备14包括解码器30，另外，可选地，目的地设备14还可以包括通信接口28、图片后处理器32和显示设备34。分别描述如下：
通信接口28，可用于从源设备12或任何其它源接收经编码图片数据21，所述任何其它源例如为存储设备，存储设备例如为经编码图片数据存储设备。通信接口28可以用于藉由源设备12和目的地设备14之间的链路13或藉由任何类别的网络传输或接收经编码图片数据21，链路13例如为直接有线或无线连接，任何类别的网络例如为有线或无线网络或其任何组合，或任何类别的私网和公网，或其任何组合。通信接口28可以例如用于解封装通信接口22所传输的数据包以获取经编码图片数据21。
通信接口28和通信接口22都可以配置为单向通信接口或者双向通信接口，以及可以用 于例如发送和接收消息来建立连接、确认和交换任何其它与通信链路和/或例如经编码图片数据传输的数据传输有关的信息。
解码器30(或称为视频解码器30)，用于接收经编码图片数据21并提供经解码图片数据31或经解码图片31(下文将进一步基于图4或图5或图6描述解码器30的结构细节)。在一些实施例中，解码器30可以用于执行后文所描述的各个实施例，以实现本发明所描述的图像显示顺序的确定方法在解码侧的应用。
图片后处理器32，用于对经解码图片数据31(也称为经重构图片数据)执行后处理，以获得经后处理图片数据33。图片后处理器32执行的后处理可以包括：色彩格式转换(例如，从YUV格式转换为RGB格式)、调色、整修或重采样，或任何其它处理，还可用于将经后处理图片数据33传输至显示设备34。
显示设备34，用于接收经后处理图片数据33以向例如用户或观看者显示图片。显示设备34可以为或可以包括任何类别的用于呈现经重构图片的显示器，例如，集成的或外部的显示器或监视器。例如，显示器可以包括液晶显示器(liquid crystal display，LCD)、有机发光二极管(organic light emitting diode，OLED)显示器、等离子显示器、投影仪、微LED显示器、硅基液晶(liquid crystal on silicon，LCoS)、数字光处理器(digital light processor，DLP)或任何类别的其它显示器。
虽然，图1将源设备12和目的地设备14绘示为单独的设备，但设备实施例也可以同时包括源设备12和目的地设备14或同时包括两者的功能性，即源设备12或对应的功能性以及目的地设备14或对应的功能性。在此类实施例中，可以使用相同硬件和/或软件，或使用单独的硬件和/或软件，或其任何组合来实施源设备12或对应的功能性以及目的地设备14或对应的功能性。
本领域技术人员基于描述明显可知，不同单元的功能性或图1所示的源设备12和/或目的地设备14的功能性的存在和(准确)划分可能根据实际设备和应用有所不同。源设备12和目的地设备14可以包括各种设备中的任一个，包含任何类别的手持或静止设备，例如，笔记本或膝上型计算机、移动电话、智能手机、平板或平板计算机、摄像机、台式计算机、机顶盒、电视机、相机、车载设备、显示设备、数字媒体播放器、视频游戏控制台、视频流式传输设备(例如内容服务服务器或内容分发服务器)、广播接收器设备、广播发射器设备等，并可以不使用或使用任何类别的操作系统。
编码器20和解码器30都可以实施为各种合适电路中的任一个，例如，一个或多个微处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)、离散逻辑、硬件或其任何组合。如果部分地以软件实施所述技术，则设备可将软件的指令存储于合适的非暂时性计算机可读存储介质中，且可使用一或多个处理器以硬件执行指令从而执行本公开的技术。前述内容(包含硬件、软件、硬件与软件的组合等)中的任一者可视为一或多个处理器。
在一些情况下，图1中所示视频编码及解码系统10仅为示例，本申请的技术可以适用于不必包含编码和解码设备之间的任何数据通信的视频编解码设置(例如，视频编码或视频解码)。在其它实例中，数据可从本地存储器检索、在网络上流式传输等。视频编码设备可以对数据进行编码并且将数据存储到存储器，和/或视频解码设备可以从存储器检索数据并且对数 据进行解码。在一些实例中，由并不彼此通信而是仅编码数据到存储器和/或从存储器检索数据且解码数据的设备执行编码和解码。
参见图2，图2是根据一示例性实施例的包含图3的编码器20和/或图4的解码器30的视频译码系统40的实例的说明图。视频译码系统40可以实现本申请实施例的各种技术的组合。在所说明的实施方式中，视频译码系统40可以包含成像设备41、编码器20、解码器30(和/或藉由处理单元46的逻辑电路47实施的视频编/解码器)、天线42、一个或多个处理器43、一个或多个存储器44和/或显示设备45。
如图2所示，成像设备41、天线42、处理单元46、逻辑电路、编码器20、解码器30、处理器43、存储器44和/或显示设备45能够互相通信。如所论述，虽然用编码器20和解码器30绘示视频译码系统40，但在不同实例中，视频译码系统40可以只包含编码器20或只包含解码器30。
在一些实例中，天线42可以用于传输或接收视频数据的经编码比特流。另外，在一些实例中，显示设备45可以用于呈现视频数据。在一些实例中，逻辑电路可以通过处理单元46实施。处理单元46可以包含ASIC逻辑、图形处理器、通用处理器等。视频译码系统40也可以包含可选的处理器43，该可选处理器43类似地可以包含ASIC逻辑、图形处理器、通用处理器等。在一些实例中，逻辑电路可以通过硬件实施，如视频编码专用硬件等，处理器43可以通过通用软件、操作系统等实施。另外，存储器44可以是任何类型的存储器，例如易失性存储器(例如，静态随机存取存储器(Static Random Access Memory，SRAM)、动态随机存储器(Dynamic Random Access Memory，DRAM)等)或非易失性存储器(例如，闪存等)等。在非限制性实例中，存储器44可以由超速缓存内存实施。在一些实例中，逻辑电路可以访问存储器44(例如用于实施图像缓冲器)。在其它实例中，逻辑电路和/或处理单元46可以包含存储器(例如，缓存等)用于实施图像缓冲器等。
在一些实例中，通过逻辑电路实施的编码器20可以包含(例如，通过处理单元46或存储器44实施的)图像缓冲器和(例如，通过处理单元46实施的)图形处理单元。图形处理单元可以通信耦合至图像缓冲器。图形处理单元可以包含通过逻辑电路实施的编码器20，以实施参照图3和/或本文中所描述的任何其它编码器系统或子系统所论述的各种模块。逻辑电路可以用于执行本文所论述的各种操作。
在一些实例中，解码器30可以以类似方式通过逻辑电路实施，以实施参照图4的解码器30和/或本文中所描述的任何其它解码器系统或子系统所论述的各种模块。在一些实例中，逻辑电路实施的解码器30可以包含(通过处理单元46或存储器44实施的)图像缓冲器和(例如，通过处理单元46实施的)图形处理单元。图形处理单元可以通信耦合至图像缓冲器。图形处理单元可以包含通过逻辑电路实施的解码器30，以实施参照图4和/或本文中所描述的任何其它解码器系统或子系统所论述的各种模块。
在一些实例中，天线42可以用于接收视频数据的经编码比特流。如所论述，经编码比特流可以包含本文所论述的与编码视频帧相关的数据、指示符、索引值、模式选择数据等，例如与编码分割相关的数据(例如，变换系数或经量化变换系数，(如所论述的)可选指示符，和/或定义编码分割的数据)。视频译码系统40还可包含耦合至天线42并用于解码经编码比特流的解码器30。显示设备45用于呈现视频帧。
应理解，本申请实施例中对于参考编码器20所描述的实例，解码器30可以用于执行相反过程。关于信令语法元素，解码器30可以用于接收并解析这种语法元素，相应地解码相关视频数据。在一些例子中，编码器20可以将语法元素熵编码成经编码视频比特流。在此类实例中，解码器30可以解析这种语法元素，并相应地解码相关视频数据。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的编码器20和解码器30可以是例如H.263、H.264、HEVC、MPEG-2、MPEG-4、VP8、VP9等视频标准协议或者下一代视频标准协议(如H.266等)对应的编/解码器。
参见图3，图3示出用于实现本申请实施例的编码器20的实例的示意性/概念性框图。在图3的实例中，编码器20包括残差计算单元204、变换处理单元206、量化单元208、逆量化单元210、逆变换处理单元212、重构单元214、缓冲器216、环路滤波器单元220、经解码图片缓冲器(decoded picture buffer，DPB)230、预测处理单元260和熵编码单元270。预测处理单元260可以包含帧间预测单元244、帧内预测单元254和模式选择单元262。帧间预测单元244可以包含运动估计单元和运动补偿单元(未图示)。图3所示的编码器20也可以称为混合型视频编码器或根据混合型视频编解码器的视频编码器。
例如，残差计算单元204、变换处理单元206、量化单元208、预测处理单元260和熵编码单元270形成编码器20的前向信号路径，而例如逆量化单元210、逆变换处理单元212、重构单元214、缓冲器216、环路滤波器220、经解码图片缓冲器(decoded picture buffer，DPB)230、预测处理单元260形成编码器的后向信号路径，其中编码器的后向信号路径对应于解码器的信号路径(参见图4中的解码器30)。
编码器20通过例如输入202，接收图片201或图片201的图像块203，例如，形成视频或视频序列的图片序列中的图片。图像块203也可以称为当前图片块或待编码图片块，图片201可以称为当前图片或待编码图片(尤其是在视频编码中将当前图片与其它图片区分开时，其它图片例如同一视频序列亦即也包括当前图片的视频序列中的先前经编码和/或经解码图片)。
编码器20的实施例可以包括分割单元(图3中未绘示)，用于将图片201分割成多个例如图像块203的块，通常分割成多个不重叠的块。分割单元可以用于对视频序列中所有图片使用相同的块大小以及定义块大小的对应栅格，或用于在图片或子集或图片群组之间更改块大小，并将每个图片分割成对应的块。
在一个实例中，编码器20的预测处理单元260可以用于执行上述分割技术的任何组合。
如图片201，图像块203也是或可以视为具有采样值的采样点的二维阵列或矩阵，虽然其尺寸比图片201小。换句话说，图像块203可以包括，例如，一个采样阵列(例如黑白图片201情况下的亮度阵列)或三个采样阵列(例如，彩色图片情况下的一个亮度阵列和两个色度阵列)或依据所应用的色彩格式的任何其它数目和/或类别的阵列。图像块203的水平和垂直方向(或轴线)上采样点的数目定义图像块203的尺寸。
如图3所示的编码器20用于逐块编码图片201，例如，对每个图像块203执行编码和预测。
残差计算单元204用于基于图片图像块203和预测块265(下文提供预测块265的其它细节)计算残差块205，例如，通过逐样本(逐像素)将图片图像块203的样本值减去预测 块265的样本值，以在样本域中获取残差块205。
变换处理单元206用于在残差块205的样本值上应用例如离散余弦变换(discrete cosine transform，DCT)或离散正弦变换(discrete sine transform，DST)的变换，以在变换域中获取变换系数207。变换系数207也可以称为变换残差系数，并在变换域中表示残差块205。
变换处理单元206可以用于应用DCT/DST的整数近似值，例如为HEVC/H.265指定的变换。与正交DCT变换相比，这种整数近似值通常由某一因子按比例缩放。为了维持经正变换和逆变换处理的残差块的范数，应用额外比例缩放因子作为变换过程的一部分。比例缩放因子通常是基于某些约束条件选择的，例如，比例缩放因子是用于移位运算的2的幂、变换系数的位深度、准确性和实施成本之间的权衡等。例如，在解码器30侧通过例如逆变换处理单元212为逆变换(以及在编码器20侧通过例如逆变换处理单元212为对应逆变换)指定具体比例缩放因子，以及相应地，可以在编码器20侧通过变换处理单元206为正变换指定对应比例缩放因子。
量化单元208用于例如通过应用标量量化或向量量化来量化变换系数207，以获取经量化变换系数209。经量化变换系数209也可以称为经量化残差系数209。量化过程可以减少与部分或全部变换系数207有关的位深度。例如，可在量化期间将n位变换系数向下舍入到m位变换系数，其中n大于m。可通过调整量化参数(quantization parameter，QP)修改量化程度。例如，对于标量量化，可以应用不同的标度来实现较细或较粗的量化。较小量化步长对应较细量化，而较大量化步长对应较粗量化。可以通过量化参数(quantization parameter，QP)指示合适的量化步长。例如，量化参数可以为合适的量化步长的预定义集合的索引。例如，较小的量化参数可以对应精细量化(较小量化步长)，较大量化参数可以对应粗糙量化(较大量化步长)，反之亦然。量化可以包含除以量化步长以及例如通过逆量化210执行的对应的量化或逆量化，或者可以包含乘以量化步长。根据例如HEVC的一些标准的实施例可以使用量化参数来确定量化步长。一般而言，可以基于量化参数使用包含除法的等式的定点近似来计算量化步长。可以引入额外比例缩放因子来进行量化和反量化，以恢复可能由于在用于量化步长和量化参数的等式的定点近似中使用的标度而修改的残差块的范数。在一个实例实施方式中，可以合并逆变换和反量化的标度。或者，可以使用自定义量化表并在例如比特流中将其从编码器通过信号发送到解码器。量化是有损操作，其中量化步长越大，损耗越大。
逆量化单元210用于在经量化系数上应用量化单元208的逆量化，以获取经反量化系数211，例如，基于或使用与量化单元208相同的量化步长，应用量化单元208应用的量化方案的逆量化方案。经反量化系数211也可以称为经反量化残差系数211，对应于变换系数207，虽然由于量化造成的损耗通常与变换系数不相同。
逆变换处理单元212用于应用变换处理单元206应用的变换的逆变换，例如，逆离散余弦变换(discrete cosine transform，DCT)或逆离散正弦变换(discrete sine transform，DST)，以在样本域中获取逆变换块213。逆变换块213也可以称为逆变换经反量化块213或逆变换残差块213。
重构单元214(例如，求和器214)用于将逆变换块213(即经重构残差块213)添加至预测块265，以在样本域中获取经重构块215，例如，将经重构残差块213的样本值与预测块265的样本值相加。
可选地，例如线缓冲器216的缓冲器单元216(或简称“缓冲器”216)用于缓冲或存储经 重构块215和对应的样本值，用于例如帧内预测。在其它的实施例中，编码器可以用于使用存储在缓冲器单元216中的未经滤波的经重构块和/或对应的样本值来进行任何类别的估计和/或预测，例如帧内预测。
例如，编码器20的实施例可以经配置以使得缓冲器单元216不只用于存储用于帧内预测254的经重构块215，也用于环路滤波器单元220(在图3中未示出)，和/或，例如使得缓冲器单元216和经解码图片缓冲器单元230形成一个缓冲器。其它实施例可以用于将经滤波块221和/或来自经解码图片缓冲器230的块或样本(图3中均未示出)用作帧内预测254的输入或基础。
环路滤波器单元220(或简称“环路滤波器”220)用于对经重构块215进行滤波以获取经滤波块221，从而顺利进行像素转变或提高视频质量。环路滤波器单元220旨在表示一个或多个环路滤波器，例如去块滤波器、样本自适应偏移(sample-adaptive offset，SAO)滤波器或其它滤波器，例如双边滤波器、自适应环路滤波器(adaptive loop filter，ALF)，或锐化或平滑滤波器，或协同滤波器。尽管环路滤波器单元220在图2中示出为环内滤波器，但在其它配置中，环路滤波器单元220可实施为环后滤波器。经滤波块221也可以称为经滤波的经重构块221。经解码图片缓冲器230可以在环路滤波器单元220对经重构编码块执行滤波操作之后存储经重构编码块。
编码器20(对应地，环路滤波器单元220)的实施例可以用于输出环路滤波器参数(例如，样本自适应偏移信息)，例如，直接输出或由熵编码单元270或任何其它熵编码单元熵编码后输出，例如使得解码器30可以接收并应用相同的环路滤波器参数用于解码。
经解码图片缓冲器(decoded picture buffer，DPB)230可以为存储参考图片数据供编码器20编码视频数据之用的参考图片存储器。DPB 230可由多种存储器设备中的任一个形成，例如动态随机存储器(dynamic random access memory，DRAM)(包含同步DRAM(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、磁阻式RAM(magnetoresistive RAM，MRAM)、电阻式RAM(resistive RAM，RRAM))或其它类型的存储器设备。可以由同一存储器设备或单独的存储器设备提供DPB 230和缓冲器216。在某一实例中，经解码图片缓冲器(decoded picture buffer，DPB)230用于存储经滤波块221。经解码图片缓冲器230可以进一步用于存储同一当前图片或例如先前经重构图片的不同图片的其它先前的经滤波块，例如先前经重构和经滤波块221，以及可以提供完整的先前经重构亦即经解码图片(和对应参考块和样本)和/或部分经重构当前图片(和对应参考块和样本)，例如用于帧间预测。在某一实例中，如果经重构块215无需环内滤波而得以重构，则经解码图片缓冲器(decoded picture buffer，DPB)230用于存储经重构块215。
预测处理单元260，也称为块预测处理单元260，用于接收或获取图像块203(当前图片201的当前图像块203)和经重构图片数据，例如来自缓冲器216的同一(当前)图片的参考样本和/或来自经解码图片缓冲器230的一个或多个先前经解码图片的参考图片数据231，以及用于处理这类数据进行预测，即提供可以为经帧间预测块245或经帧内预测块255的预测块265。
模式选择单元262可以用于选择预测模式(例如帧内或帧间预测模式)和/或对应的用作预测块265的预测块245或255，以计算残差块205和重构经重构块215。
模式选择单元262的实施例可以用于选择预测模式(例如，从预测处理单元260所支持 的那些预测模式中选择)，所述预测模式提供最佳匹配或者说最小残差(最小残差意味着传输或存储中更好的压缩)，或提供最小信令开销(最小信令开销意味着传输或存储中更好的压缩)，或同时考虑或平衡以上两者。模式选择单元262可以用于基于码率失真优化(rate distortion optimization，RDO)确定预测模式，即选择提供最小码率失真优化的预测模式，或选择相关码率失真至少满足预测模式选择标准的预测模式。
下文将详细解释编码器20的实例(例如，通过预测处理单元260)执行的预测处理和(例如，通过模式选择单元262)执行的模式选择。
如上文所述，编码器20用于从(预先确定的)预测模式集合中确定或选择最好或最优的预测模式。预测模式集合可以包括例如帧内预测模式和/或帧间预测模式。
帧内预测模式集合可以包括35种不同的帧内预测模式，例如，如DC(或均值)模式和平面模式的非方向性模式，或如H.265中定义的方向性模式，或者可以包括67种不同的帧内预测模式，例如，如DC(或均值)模式和平面模式的非方向性模式，或如正在发展中的H.266中定义的方向性模式。
在可能的实现中，帧间预测模式集合取决于可用参考图片(即，例如前述存储在DBP 230中的至少部分经解码图片)和其它帧间预测参数，例如取决于是否使用整个参考图片或只使用参考图片的一部分，例如围绕当前块的区域的搜索窗区域，来搜索最佳匹配参考块，和/或例如取决于是否应用如半像素和/或四分之一像素内插的像素内插，帧间预测模式集合例如可包括先进运动矢量(Advanced Motion Vector Prediction，AMVP)模式和融合(merge)模式。具体实施中，帧间预测模式集合可包括本申请实施例改进的基于控制点的AMVP模式，以及，改进的基于控制点的merge模式。在一个实例中，帧内预测单元254可以用于执行下文描述的帧间预测技术的任意组合。
除了以上预测模式，本申请实施例也可以应用跳过模式和/或直接模式。
预测处理单元260可以进一步用于将图像块203分割成较小的块分区或子块，例如，通过迭代使用四叉树(quad-tree，QT)分割、二进制树(binary-tree，BT)分割或三叉树(triple-tree，TT)分割，或其任何组合，以及用于例如为块分区或子块中的每一个执行预测，其中模式选择包括选择分割的图像块203的树结构和选择应用于块分区或子块中的每一个的预测模式。
帧间预测单元244可以包含运动估计(motion estimation，ME)单元(图3中未示出)和运动补偿(motion compensation，MC)单元(图3中未示出)。运动估计单元用于接收或获取图片图像块203(当前图片201的当前图片图像块203)和经解码图片231，或至少一个或多个先前经重构块，例如，一个或多个其它/不同先前经解码图片231的经重构块，来进行运动估计。例如，视频序列可以包括当前图片和先前经解码图片31，或换句话说，当前图片和先前经解码图片31可以是形成视频序列的图片序列的一部分，或者形成该图片序列。
例如，编码器20可以用于从多个其它图片中的同一或不同图片的多个参考块中选择参考块，并向运动估计单元(图3中未示出)提供参考图片和/或提供参考块的位置(X、Y坐标)与当前块的位置之间的偏移(空间偏移)作为帧间预测参数。该偏移也称为运动向量(motion vector，MV)。
运动补偿单元用于获取帧间预测参数，并基于或使用帧间预测参数执行帧间预测来获取帧间预测块245。由运动补偿单元(图3中未示出)执行的运动补偿可以包含基于通过运动估计(可能执行对子像素精确度的内插)确定的运动/块向量取出或生成预测块。内插滤波可 从已知像素样本产生额外像素样本，从而潜在地增加可用于编码图片块的候选预测块的数目。一旦接收到用于当前图片块的PU的运动向量，运动补偿单元246可以在一个参考图片列表中定位运动向量指向的预测块。运动补偿单元246还可以生成与块和视频条带相关联的语法元素，以供解码器30在解码视频条带的图片块时使用。
具体的，上述帧间预测单元244可向熵编码单元270传输语法元素，所述语法元素包括帧间预测参数(比如遍历多个帧间预测模式后选择用于当前块预测的帧间预测模式的指示信息)。可能应用场景中，如果帧间预测模式只有一种，那么也可以不在语法元素中携带帧间预测参数，此时解码端30可直接使用默认的预测模式进行解码。可以理解的，帧间预测单元244可以用于执行帧间预测技术的任意组合。
帧内预测单元254用于获取，例如接收同一图片的图片块203(当前图片块)和一个或多个先前经重构块，例如经重构相相邻块，以进行帧内估计。例如，编码器20可以用于从多个(预定)帧内预测模式中选择帧内预测模式。
编码器20的实施例可以用于基于优化标准选择帧内预测模式，例如基于最小残差(例如，提供最类似于当前图片块203的预测块255的帧内预测模式)或最小码率失真。
帧内预测单元254进一步用于基于如所选择的帧内预测模式的帧内预测参数确定帧内预测块255。在任何情况下，在选择用于块的帧内预测模式之后，帧内预测单元254还用于向熵编码单元270提供帧内预测参数，即提供指示所选择的用于块的帧内预测模式的信息。在一个实例中，帧内预测单元254可以用于执行帧内预测技术的任意组合。
具体的，上述帧内预测单元254可向熵编码单元270传输语法元素，所述语法元素包括帧内预测参数(比如遍历多个帧内预测模式后选择用于当前块预测的帧内预测模式的指示信息)。可能应用场景中，如果帧内预测模式只有一种，那么也可以不在语法元素中携带帧内预测参数，此时解码端30可直接使用默认的预测模式进行解码。
熵编码单元270用于将熵编码算法或方案(例如，可变长度编码(variable length coding，VLC)方案、上下文自适应VLC(context adaptive VLC，CAVLC)方案、算术编码方案、上下文自适应二进制算术编码(context adaptive binary arithmetic coding，CABAC)、基于语法的上下文自适应二进制算术编码(syntax-based context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding，SBAC)、概率区间分割熵(probability interval partitioning entropy，PIPE)编码或其它熵编码方法或技术)应用于经量化残差系数209、帧间预测参数、帧内预测参数和/或环路滤波器参数中的单个或所有上(或不应用)，以获取可以通过输出272以例如经编码比特流21的形式输出的经编码图片数据21。可以将经编码比特流传输到视频解码器30，或将其存档稍后由视频解码器30传输或检索。熵编码单元270还可用于熵编码正被编码的当前视频条带的其它语法元素。
视频编码器20的其它结构变型可用于编码视频流。例如，基于非变换的编码器20可以在没有针对某些块或帧的变换处理单元206的情况下直接量化残差信号。在另一实施方式中，编码器20可具有组合成单个单元的量化单元208和逆量化单元210。
应当理解的是，视频编码器20的其它的结构变化可用于编码视频流。例如，对于某些图像块或者图像帧，视频编码器20可以直接地量化残差信号而不需要经变换处理单元206处理，相应地也不需要经逆变换处理单元212处理；或者，对于某些图像块或者图像帧，视频编码器20没有产生残差数据，相应地不需要经变换处理单元206、量化单元208、逆量化单元210和逆变换处理单元212处理；或者，视频编码器20可以将经重构图像块作为参考块直接地进 行存储而不需要经滤波器220处理；或者，视频编码器20中量化单元208和逆量化单元210可以合并在一起。环路滤波器220是可选的，以及针对无损压缩编码的情况下，变换处理单元206、量化单元208、逆量化单元210和逆变换处理单元212是可选的。应当理解的是，根据不同的应用场景，帧间预测单元244和帧内预测单元254可以是被选择性的启用。
参见图4，图4示出用于实现本申请实施例的解码器30的实例的示意性/概念性框图。视频解码器30用于接收例如由编码器20编码的经编码图片数据(例如，经编码比特流)21，以获取经解码图片231。在解码过程期间，视频解码器30从视频编码器20接收视频数据，例如表示经编码视频条带的图片块的经编码视频比特流及相关联的语法元素。
在图4的实例中，解码器30包括熵解码单元304、逆量化单元310、逆变换处理单元312、重构单元314(例如求和器314)、缓冲器316、环路滤波器320、经解码图片缓冲器330以及预测处理单元360。预测处理单元360可以包含帧间预测单元344、帧内预测单元354和模式选择单元362。在一些实例中，视频解码器30可执行大体上与参照图3的视频编码器20描述的编码遍次互逆的解码遍次。
熵解码单元304用于对经编码图片数据21执行熵解码，以获取例如经量化系数309和/或经解码的编码参数(图4中未示出)，例如，帧间预测、帧内预测参数、环路滤波器参数和/或其它语法元素中(经解码)的任意一个或全部。熵解码单元304进一步用于将帧间预测参数、帧内预测参数和/或其它语法元素转发至预测处理单元360。视频解码器30可接收视频条带层级和/或视频块层级的语法元素。
逆量化单元310功能上可与逆量化单元110相同，逆变换处理单元312功能上可与逆变换处理单元212相同，重构单元314功能上可与重构单元214相同，缓冲器316功能上可与缓冲器216相同，环路滤波器320功能上可与环路滤波器220相同，经解码图片缓冲器330功能上可与经解码图片缓冲器230相同。
预测处理单元360可以包括帧间预测单元344和帧内预测单元354，其中帧间预测单元344功能上可以类似于帧间预测单元244，帧内预测单元354功能上可以类似于帧内预测单元254。预测处理单元360通常用于执行块预测和/或从经编码数据21获取预测块365，以及从例如熵解码单元304(显式地或隐式地)接收或获取预测相关参数和/或关于所选择的预测模式的信息。
当视频条带经编码为经帧内编码(I)条带时，预测处理单元360的帧内预测单元354用于基于信号表示的帧内预测模式及来自当前帧或图片的先前经解码块的数据来产生用于当前视频条带的图片块的预测块365。当视频帧经编码为经帧间编码(即B或P)条带时，预测处理单元360的帧间预测单元344(例如，运动补偿单元)用于基于运动向量及从熵解码单元304接收的其它语法元素生成用于当前视频条带的视频块的预测块365。对于帧间预测，可从一个参考图片列表内的一个参考图片中产生预测块。视频解码器30可基于存储于DPB330中的参考图片，使用默认建构技术来建构参考帧列表：列表0和列表1。
预测处理单元360用于通过解析运动向量和其它语法元素，确定用于当前视频条带的视频块的预测信息，并使用预测信息产生用于正经解码的当前视频块的预测块。在本发明的一实例中，预测处理单元360使用接收到的一些语法元素确定用于编码视频条带的视频块的预测模式(例如，帧内或帧间预测)、帧间预测条带类型(例如，B条带、P条带或GPB条带)、 用于条带的参考图片列表中的一个或多个的建构信息、用于条带的每个经帧间编码视频块的运动向量、条带的每个经帧间编码视频块的帧间预测状态以及其它信息，以解码当前视频条带的视频块。在本公开的另一实例中，视频解码器30从比特流接收的语法元素包含接收自适应参数集(adaptive parameter set，APS)、序列参数集(sequence parameter set，SPS)、图片参数集(picture parameter set，PPS)或条带标头中的一个或多个中的语法元素。
逆量化单元310可用于逆量化(即，反量化)在比特流中提供且由熵解码单元304解码的经量化变换系数。逆量化过程可包含使用由视频编码器20针对视频条带中的每一视频块所计算的量化参数来确定应该应用的量化程度并同样确定应该应用的逆量化程度。
逆变换处理单元312用于将逆变换(例如，逆DCT、逆整数变换或概念上类似的逆变换过程)应用于变换系数，以便在像素域中产生残差块。
重构单元314(例如，求和器314)用于将逆变换块313(即经重构残差块313)添加到预测块365，以在样本域中获取经重构块315，例如通过将经重构残差块313的样本值与预测块365的样本值相加。
环路滤波器单元320(在编码循环期间或在编码循环之后)用于对经重构块315进行滤波以获取经滤波块321，从而顺利进行像素转变或提高视频质量。在一个实例中，环路滤波器单元320可以用于执行下文描述的滤波技术的任意组合。环路滤波器单元320旨在表示一个或多个环路滤波器，例如去块滤波器、样本自适应偏移(sample-adaptive offset，SAO)滤波器或其它滤波器，例如双边滤波器、自适应环路滤波器(adaptive loop filter，ALF)，或锐化或平滑滤波器，或协同滤波器。尽管环路滤波器单元320在图4中示出为环内滤波器，但在其它配置中，环路滤波器单元320可实施为环后滤波器。
随后将给定帧或图片中的经解码视频块321存储在存储用于后续运动补偿的参考图片的经解码图片缓冲器330中。
解码器30用于例如藉由输出332输出经解码图片31，以向用户呈现或供用户查看。
视频解码器30的其它变型可用于对压缩的比特流进行解码。例如，解码器30可以在没有环路滤波器单元320的情况下生成输出视频流。例如，基于非变换的解码器30可以在没有针对某些块或帧的逆变换处理单元312的情况下直接逆量化残差信号。在另一实施方式中，视频解码器30可以具有组合成单个单元的逆量化单元310和逆变换处理单元312。
应当理解的是，视频解码器30的其它结构变化可用于解码经编码视频位流。例如，视频解码器30可以不经滤波器320处理而生成输出视频流；或者，对于某些图像块或者图像帧，视频解码器30的熵解码单元304没有解码出经量化的系数，相应地不需要经逆量化单元310和逆变换处理单元312处理。环路滤波器320是可选的；以及针对无损压缩的情况下，逆量化单元310和逆变换处理单元312是可选的。应当理解的是，根据不同的应用场景，帧间预测单元和帧内预测单元可以是被选择性的启用。
应当理解的是，本申请的编码器20和解码器30中，针对某个环节的处理结果可以经过进一步处理后，输出到下一个环节，例如，在插值滤波、运动矢量推导或环路滤波等环节之后，对相应环节的处理结果进一步进行Clip或移位shift等操作。
例如，按照相邻仿射编码块的运动矢量推导得到的当前图像块的控制点的运动矢量，或者推导得到的当前图像块的子块的运动矢量，可以经过进一步处理，本申请对此不做限定。例如，对运动矢量的取值范围进行约束，使其在一定的位宽内。假设允许的运动矢量的位宽 为bitDepth，则运动矢量的范围为-2^(bitDepth-1)～2^(bitDepth-1)-1，其中“^”符号表示幂次方。如bitDepth为16，则取值范围为-32768～32767。如bitDepth为18，则取值范围为-131072～131071。又例如，对运动矢量(例如一个8x8图像块内的四个4x4子块的运动矢量MV)的取值进行约束，使得所述四个4x4子块MV的整数部分之间的最大差值不超过N个像素，例如不超过一个像素。
可以通过以下两种方式进行约束，使其在一定的位宽内：
方式1，将运动矢量溢出的高位去除：
ux＝(vx+2 bitDepth)％2 bitDepth
vx＝(ux>＝2 bitDepth-1)？(ux-2 bitDepth):ux
uy＝(vy+2 bitDepth)％2 bitDepth
vy＝(uy>＝2 bitDepth-1)？(uy-2 bitDepth):uy
其中，vx为图像块或所述图像块的子块的运动矢量的水平分量，vy为图像块或所述图像块的子块的运动矢量的垂直分量，ux和uy为中间值；bitDepth表示位宽。
例如，vx的值为-32769，通过以上公式得到的为32767。因为在计算机中，数值是以二进制的补码形式存储的，-32769的二进制补码为1,0111,1111,1111,1111(17位)，计算机对于溢出的处理为丢弃高位，则vx的值为0111,1111,1111,1111，则为32767，与通过公式处理得到的结果一致。
方法2，将运动矢量进行Clipping，如以下公式所示：
vx＝Clip3(-2 bitDepth-1,2 bitDepth-1-1,vx)
vy＝Clip3(-2 bitDepth-1,2 bitDepth-1-1,vy)
其中，vx为图像块或所述图像块的子块的运动矢量的水平分量，vy为图像块或所述图像块的子块的运动矢量的垂直分量；其中，x、y和z分别对应MV钳位过程Clip3的三个输入值，所述Clip3的定义为，表示将z的值钳位到区间[x,y]之间：
Figure PCTCN2019112959-appb-000001
参见图5，图5是本申请实施例提供的视频译码设备400(例如视频编码设备400或视频解码设备400)的结构示意图。视频译码设备400适于实施本文所描述的实施例。在一个实施例中，视频译码设备400可以是视频解码器(例如图1的解码器30)或视频编码器(例如图1的编码器20)。在另一个实施例中，视频译码设备400可以是上述图1的解码器30或图1的编码器20中的一个或多个组件。
视频译码设备400包括：用于接收数据的入口端口410和接收单元(Rx)420，用于处理数据的处理器、逻辑单元或中央处理器(CPU)430，用于传输数据的发射器单元(Tx)440和出口端口450，以及，用于存储数据的存储器460。视频译码设备400还可以包括与入口端口410、接收器单元420、发射器单元440和出口端口450耦合的光电转换组件和电光(EO)组件，用于光信号或电信号的出口或入口。
处理器430通过硬件和软件实现。处理器430可以实现为一个或多个CPU芯片、核(例如，多核处理器)、FPGA、ASIC和DSP。处理器430与入口端口410、接收器单元420、发 射器单元440、出口端口450和存储器460通信。处理器430包括译码模块470(例如编码模块470或解码模块470)。编码/解码模块470实现本文中所公开的实施例，以实现本申请实施例所提供的图像显示顺序的确定方法。例如，编码/解码模块470实现、处理或提供各种编码操作。因此，通过编码/解码模块470为视频译码设备400的功能提供了实质性的改进，并影响了视频译码设备400到不同状态的转换。或者，以存储在存储器460中并由处理器430执行的指令来实现编码/解码模块470。
存储器460包括一个或多个磁盘、磁带机和固态硬盘，可以用作溢出数据存储设备，用于在选择性地执行这些程序时存储程序，并存储在程序执行过程中读取的指令和数据。存储器460可以是易失性和/或非易失性的，可以是只读存储器(ROM)、随机存取存储器(RAM)、随机存取存储器(ternary content-addressable memory，TCAM)和/或静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)。
参见图6，图6是根据一示例性实施例的可用作图1中的源设备12和目的地设备14中的任一个或两个的装置500的简化框图。装置500可以实现本申请的技术。换言之，图6为本申请实施例的编码设备或解码设备(简称为译码设备500)的一种实现方式的示意性框图。其中，译码设备500可以包括处理器510、存储器530和总线系统550。其中，处理器510和存储器530通过总线系统550相连，该存储器530用于存储指令，该处理器510用于执行该存储器530存储的指令。译码设备500的存储器530存储程序代码，且处理器510可以调用存储器530中存储的程序代码执行本申请描述的各种视频编码或解码方法。为避免重复，这里不再详细描述。
在本申请实施例中，该处理器510可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，简称为“CPU”)，该处理器510还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
该存储器530可以包括只读存储器(ROM)设备或者随机存取存储器(RAM)设备。任何其他适宜类型的存储设备也可以用作存储器530。存储器530可以包括由处理器510使用总线550访问的代码和数据531。存储器530可以进一步包括操作系统533和应用程序535，该应用程序535包括允许处理器510执行本申请描述的视频编码或解码方法的至少一个程序。例如，应用程序535可以包括应用1至N，其进一步包括执行在本申请描述的视频编码或解码方法的视频编码或解码应用(简称视频译码应用)。
该总线系统550除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统550。
可选的，译码设备500还可以包括一个或多个输出设备，诸如显示器570。在一个示例中，显示器570可以是触感显示器，其将显示器与可操作地感测触摸输入的触感单元合并。显示器570可以经由总线550连接到处理器510。
下面对本申请实施例提供的图像显示顺序的确定方法进行详细地解释说明。
本申请实施例提供的图像显示顺序的确定方法所应用的系统架构如图7所示。视频传输 系统通常由采集、编码、发送、接收、解码和显示这些部分组成。采集模块包含摄像头或摄像头组以及前处理，将光信号转化为数字化的视频序列。接着视频序列经编码器编码，转化为码流。然后码流由发送模块经网络发送至接收模块，接收模块接收到的码流经解码器解码重建为视频序列。最后重建的视频序列经渲染等后处理后送至显示设备显示。
本申请实施例提供的图像显示顺序的确定方法主要位于视频编码和视频解码中，具体涉及序列头解析语法、图像头解析语法以及帧间预测。本申请实施例提供的图像显示顺序的确定方法可以用于含有编码器/解码器功能的装置或产品中，例如，视频处理软硬件产品，如芯片等，以及含有此类芯片的产品或装置中，如手机等媒体类产品。
具体地，编码端可以对视频图像进行编码，来得到位流，编码端将位流发送到解码端之后，解码端可以对位流进行解码来重构视频图像。
其中，解码端接收到位流以后，可以开始视频序列解码过程。在出现序列头或序列起始码时，具体地，第一步，将周期标识值设置为0，此外还可以执行清空参考图像缓冲区等初始化操作。第二步，确定加权量化矩阵。第三步，依次解码图像，直到出现序列起始码、序列结束码或视频编辑码。第四步，如果出现序列起始码，则返回第一步；如果出现序列结束码或视频编辑码，则按照POI从小到大的顺序依次输出参考图像缓冲区中的图像。
需要说明的是，在执行第一步之前，还可以先将初始化标识值设置为0，以指示尚未进行初始化。然后，在执行第一步后，将初始化标识值设置为1，以指示已经进行初始化。最后，在执行第二步之前，判断初始化标识值是否为1，当初始化标识值为1时，执行第二步，当初始化标识值不为1时，返回第一步。
下述的图8实施例用于上述第三步的图像解码过程中。在此图像解码过程中，首先需要解码当前图像的图像头。具体可以先解码当前图像的图像起始码，再对预测量化相关的参数进行初始化。之后，计算POI，此过程将在下文的图8实施例中进行详细地解释说明。最后，对当前图像的参考图像数量进行初始化。并且，如果当前图像可以使用加权量化，则从当前图像的图像头的位流中导出加权量化矩阵。
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种图像显示顺序的确定方法的流程图。参见图8，该方法包括：
步骤801：获取当前图像的解码顺序索引值以及与当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像的解码顺序索引值。
需要说明的是，解码顺序索引值用于指示图像的解码顺序，可以从位流中直接获取。如当前图像的解码顺序索引值可以从当前图像的图像头的位流中获取，在先图像的解码顺序索引值可以从在先图像的图像头的位流中获取。
另外，图像的解码顺序索引值往往是循环的，如对于一个视频序列中的多个图像，该多个图像的解码顺序索引值可以是以0-255来顺序循环。
再者，与当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像是指解码顺序在当前图像的解码顺序之前的最新解码的图像。当当前图像为一个视频序列中的第一帧图像时，不存在与当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像，此时可以确定与当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像的解码顺序索引值为不大于当前图像的解码顺序索引值的任意数值。
值得注意的是，为了便于获取与当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像的解码顺序索引值，可以设置参数DOIPrev。在图像解码过程中，每当要获取与当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图 像的解码顺序索引值时，可以直接将DOIPrev的值作为与当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像的解码顺序索引值。这种情况下，在解码当前图像所在的视频序列的序列头或序列起始码时，可以将DOIPrev设置为0。如此，在后续解码该视频序列中的第一帧图像，即当当前图像为第一帧图像时，可以直接将DOIPrev的值(即0)作为与当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像的解码顺序索引值，此时当前图像的解码顺序索引值将不小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值。
步骤802：当当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将周期标识值加1。
进一步地，当当前图像的解码顺序索引值不小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，不改变周期标识值。
也即是，当当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，会更新周期标识值，更新后的周期标识值为原来的周期标识值加1得到的数值。当当前图像的解码顺序索引值不小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，不更新周期标识值，依旧使用当前的周期标识值。
当当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，表明当前图像的解码顺序索引值与在先图像的解码顺序索引值已经不处于同一轮循环中，即当前图像的解码顺序索引值已经开始进入下一轮循环，因而此时可以将周期标识值加1来更新周期标识值，以便后续可以根据更新后的周期标识值和当前图像的解码顺序索引值，实现显示顺序索引值的递增。当当前图像的解码顺序索引值不小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，表明当前图像的解码顺序索引值和在先图像的解码顺序索引值处于同一轮循环，因而此时可以不更新周期标识值，后续直接根据当前的周期标识值和当前图像的解码顺序索引值就可以实现显示顺序索引值的递增。
值得注意的是，本申请实施例中，可以在解码当前图像所在的视频序列的序列头或序列起始码时，将周期标识值设置为0。由于在解码当前图像所在的视频序列的序列头或序列起始码，是刚开始解码该视频序列，所以可以将周期标识值设置为0，以在该视频序列中的图像的解码顺序索引值处于第一轮循环时，在计算显示顺序索引值时不引入周期标识值，而在之后该视频序列中的图像的解码顺序索引值每开始进入一次新一轮循环时，通过将周期标识值加1来更新周期标识值，以在该新一轮循环中均使用更新后的周期标识值来计算显示顺序索引值。
步骤803：根据当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的周期标识值的和，确定当前图像的显示顺序索引值。
需要说明的是，预设正整数可以预先进行设置，且可以根据图像的解码顺序索引值的一轮循环中的图像个数来进行设置。例如，预设正整数可以等于图像的解码顺序索引值的一轮循环中的图像个数，假设一个视频序列中的图像的解码顺序索引值是以0-255来顺序循环，则预设正整数可以为256。
值得说明的是，相关技术中，是直接根据当前图像的解码顺序索引值来确定当前图像的显示顺序索引值，由于图像的解码顺序索引值是循环的，所以导致图像的显示顺序索引值也是循环的。而本申请实施例中，是根据当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的周期标识值的和，确定当前图像的显示顺序索引值。由于预设正整数倍的周期标识值为解码顺序索引值处于当前图像所在的一轮循环之前的所有轮循环中的图像个数，所以根据当前图像的解 码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的周期标识值的和，确定当前图像的显示顺序索引值时，可以实现当前图像的显示顺序索引值在解码顺序在当前图像之前的图像的显示顺序索引值的基础上的递增。也即是，本申请实施例中图像的解码顺序索引值是循环的，而图像的显示顺序索引值是递增的。
值得注意的是，在确定当前图像的显示顺序索引值后，为了便于后续图像的解码，可以将当前图像的解码顺序索引值赋给DOIPrev，即将DOIPrev设置为当前图像的解码顺序索引值。如此，在解码后续图像时，即可直接将DOIPrev的值作为与该图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像的解码顺序索引值。
具体地，当前图像的显示顺序索引值可以通过公式POI＝DOI+PictureOutputDelay－OutputReorderDelay+length×DOICycleCnt确定。
需要说明的是，POI为当前图像的显示顺序索引值，DOI为当前图像的解码顺序索引值，length为预设正整数，DOICycleCnt为周期标识值。
另外，PictureOutputDelay为图像输出延迟值，表示从图像完成解码到输出显示需要等待的时间，可以以图像个数为单位来进行衡量。PictureOutputDelay可以等于当前图像的图像头的位流中包括的语法元素picture_output_delay的值。
再者，OutputReorderDelay为图像重排序延迟值，表示因图像编解码顺序与显示顺序不一致而带来的重排序延迟，可以以图像个数为单位来进行衡量。当当前图像的图像头的位流中携带的语法元素low_delay(低延迟标志)的值为0时，OutputReorderDelay等于当前图像的图像头的位流中包括的语法元素output_reorder_delay的值；当low_delay值为1时，OutputReorderDelay的值为0。
值得说明的是，当当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将周期标识值加1来得到新的周期标识值；当当前图像的解码顺序索引值不小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，不更新周期标识值。之后，将当前图像的解码顺序索引值加上图像输出延迟值再减去图像重排序延迟值，最后加上预设正整数与周期标识值的乘积，来得到当前图像的显示顺序索引值，可以实现当前图像的显示顺序索引值在解码顺序在当前图像之前的图像的显示顺序索引值的基础上的递增。
此外，在获得当前图像的显示顺序索引值之后，就可以据此确定当前图像的显示顺序，然后就可以按照当前图像的显示顺序对当前图像进行输出显示。
进一步地，本申请实施例中不仅可以实现对当前图像的显示顺序索引值的计算，还可以对当前图像的参考图像缓冲区中的图像的解码顺序索引值进行更新，以便后续可以根据更新后的解码顺序索引值，从参考图像缓冲区中更为快速地获取图像并输出显示。
需要说明的是，当前图像的参考图像缓冲区中存储有当前图像的参考图像，当前图像的参考图像为当前图像所在的视频序列中已解码但尚未输出显示的图像。当前图像的参考图像缓冲区中可以包括知识图像，也可以包括非知识图像。知识图像是解码当前位流时使用的非当前位流的参考图像，知识图像不进行输出显示，例如，知识图像可以为从解码器的外部输入的参考图像。
具体地，当当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将当前图像的参考图像缓冲区中的所有图像的解码顺序索引值均减去预设正整数，以更新该参考图像缓冲区中的所有图像的解码顺序索引值；或者，将当前图像的参考图像缓冲区中除知识图像之 外的其它图像的解码顺序索引值均减去预设正整数，以更新该参考图像缓冲区中除知识图像之外的其它图像的解码顺序索引值。
值得注意的是，对于当前图像的参考图像缓冲区中存储的参考图像，可以实时地按序输出显示。可选地，为了保证图像输出效率和图像预测准确度，当前图像的参考图像缓冲区中的任一图像的显示顺序索引值与当前图像的显示顺序索引值之间的差值的绝对值可以小于预设正整数除以2；或者，当前图像的参考图像缓冲区中除知识图像之外的任一图像的显示顺序索引值与当前图像的显示顺序索引值之间的差值的绝对值可以小于预设正整数除以2。
需要说明的是，在解码图像时，可以先将已解码的图像存储到参考图像缓冲区中，再从参考图像缓冲区中按序获取图像并输出显示。为了避免图像输出延时过高，参考图像缓冲区中的图像的显示顺序索引值需要与当前图像的显示顺序索引值之间的差值的绝对值小于预设正整数除以2，如果参考图像缓冲区中的图像的显示顺序索引值与当前图像的显示顺序索引值之间的差值的绝对值不小于预设正整数除以2，则暂停向参考图像缓冲区中存储图像，先对参考图像缓冲区中的图像进行输出显示，直至参考图像缓冲区中的图像的显示顺序索引值与当前图像的显示顺序索引值之间的差值的绝对值小于预设正整数除以2，再向参考图像缓冲区中存储图像。
进一步地，在获得当前图像的显示顺序索引值之后，可以据此确定当前图像的运动信息，以便后续可以根据当前图像的运动信息对当前图像进行解码。具体地，可以根据当前图像的显示顺序索引值和当前图像的参考图像的显示顺序索引值，获取当前图像的运动信息。
需要说明的是，当前图像的运动信息可以为当前图像的当前图像块的运动信息(motionInfo0)，当前图像块的运动信息可以包括预测方向的指示信息(通常为使用第一参考图像列表预测、使用第二参考图像列表预测或使用双列表预测，如可以为预测参考模式标识inter_pred_ref_mode表示的信息)、一个或两个指向参考块的运动矢量、参考块所在图像的指示信息(通常记为参考帧索引)等。
另外，当前图像的参考图像可以是当前图像的第一参考图像列表中的参考图像和第二参考图像列表中的参考图像中的至少一个，如当前图像的参考图像可以是第一参考图像列表中参考帧索引值为0的图像和第二参考图像列表中参考帧索引值为0的图像。第一参考图像列表和第二参考图像列表可以预先进行建立，第一参考图像列表和第二参考图像列表中可以包括解码顺序在当前图像之前且已解码的图像。
值得注意的是，通常，当是根据第一参考图像列表来导出运动信息时，可以将预测方向的指示信息设置为0，当是根据第二参考图像列表来导出运动信息时，可以将预测方向的指示信息设置为1，当是同时根据第一参考图像列表和第二参考图像列表来导出运动信息时，可以将预测方向的指示信息设置为2。
具体地，根据当前图像的显示顺序索引值和当前图像的参考图像的显示顺序索引值，获取当前图像的运动信息的操作可以为：根据当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定当前图像的距离索引值；根据该参考图像的显示顺序索引值或当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定该参考图像的距离索引值；将当前图像的距离索引值减去该参考图像的距离索引值，以得到当前图像与该参考图像之间的距离；根据当前图像与该参考图像之间的距离，确定当前图像的运动信息。
例如，当当前图像的参考图像在第一参考图像列表中时，可以通过公式BlockDistanceL0＝ DistanceIndexE–DistanceIndexL0，得到当前图像与该参考图像之间的距离。其中，BlockDistanceL0为当前图像与该参考图像之间的距离，DistanceIndexE为当前图像的距离索引值，DistanceIndexL0为该参考图像的距离索引值。
又例如，当当前图像的参考图像在第二参考图像列表中时，可以通过公式BlockDistanceL1＝DistanceIndexE–DistanceIndexL1，得到当前图像与该参考图像之间的距离。其中，BlockDistanceL1为当前图像与该参考图像之间的距离，DistanceIndexE为当前图像的距离索引值，DistanceIndexL1为该参考图像的距离索引值。
需要说明的是，当前图像的参考图像为当前图像中的当前图像块的参考块所在的图像，当前图像与该参考图像之间的距离即是当前图像块与该参考块之间的距离。
另外，图像的距离索引值用于指示该图像与该图像的参考图像之间的距离，具体可以用于指示该图像的图像块和该图像块的运动矢量所指向的参考块(属于该图像的参考图像)之间的距离。图像的距离索引值可以从该图像的图像头的位流中获取得到。
其中，根据当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定当前图像的距离索引值时，可以将当前图像的显示顺序索引值乘以2，以作为当前图像的距离索引值。
其中，根据该参考图像的显示顺序索引值或当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定该参考图像的距离索引值时，当该参考图像为知识图像时，将当前图像的显示顺序索引值减1得到的数值乘以2，以作为该参考图像的距离索引值；当该参考图像不为知识图像时，将该参考图像的显示顺序索引值乘以2，以作为该参考图像的距离索引值。
其中，根据当前图像与参考图像之间的距离，确定当前图像的运动信息的操作可以为：确定当前图像的同位图像，确定同位图像中位置与当前图像的当前图像块的位置相同的同位图像块；获取同位图像块的运动矢量；获取同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离，同位参考图像为同位图像块的运动矢量指向的图像块所在的图像；根据当前图像与当前图像的参考图像之间的距离以及同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离，对同位图像块的运动矢量进行缩放，以得到当前图像块的运动矢量。
需要说明的是，当前图像的同位图像可以为已解码的图像中显示顺序索引值与当前图像的显示顺序索引值较为接近的图像，如当前图像的同位图像可以为与当前图像的显示顺序相邻的在先图像；或者，当前图像的同位图像也可以根据位流获取得到，即位流中可以包含用于指示当前图像的同位图像的信息，该信息可以包括同位图像所在列表的指示信息和同位图像的索引号，例如，该信息可以指示当前图像的同位图像为第一参考图像列表中索引号为0的参考图像。
另外，同位图像中的同位图像块具体可以为同位图像中位置与当前图像的当前图像块的左上角亮度样本位置对应的亮度样本所在的图像块，此时同位图像块的运动矢量即为该亮度样本的运动矢量。同位图像块的运动矢量可以从其对应的运动信息存储单元中获取得到。
另外，由于当前图像与同位图像之间具有很大的时间相关性，所以当前图像中的当前图像块的运动与同位图像中的同位图像块的运动比较接近，因而可以根据当前图像与当前图像的参考图像之间的距离以及同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离，对同位图像块的运动矢量进行缩放来得到当前图像块的运动矢量。
其中，获取同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离时，可以获取同位图像的距离索引值和同位参考图像的距离索引值；将同位图像的距离索引值减去同位参考图像的距离索引值，以 得到同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离。
例如，可以通过公式BlockDistanceRef＝DistanceIndexCol–DistanceIndexRef得到同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离。其中，BlockDistanceRef为同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离，DistanceIndexCol为同位图像的距离索引值，DistanceIndexRef为同位参考图像的距离索引值。
一般地，运动矢量缩放方法包括时域运动矢量缩放和空域运动矢量缩放。
其中，时域运动矢量缩放方法为：从参考图像列表中找出与当前图像的显示顺序索引值(记为CurPoi)最接近的参考图像作为同位图像，同位图像的显示顺序索引值记为ColPoi，当前图像的参考图像的显示顺序索引值记为RefPoi，同位图像的参考图像的显示顺序索引值表示为ColRefPoi，当前图像的当前图像块在同位图像中的同位参考块的运动矢量表示为MVcol。当前图像块的运动矢量表示为MVcur，MVcur可通过公式
Figure PCTCN2019112959-appb-000002
推导得到。
其中，空域运动矢量缩放的方法为：当前图像的显示顺序索引值记为CurPoi，DesPoi表示当前图像的当前图像块的参考块所在的参考图像的显示顺序索引值，NeiPoi表示当前图像中的当前图像块的相邻图像块的参考块所在的参考图像的显示顺序索引值，MVn为该相邻图像块的运动矢量。当前图像块的运动矢量表示为MVcur，MVcur可通过公式
Figure PCTCN2019112959-appb-000003
推导得到。
在本申请实施例中，是采用时域运动矢量缩放方法来得到当前图像块的运动矢量，具体地，当前图像块的运动矢量可以通过如下公式确定；
mvE_x＝Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_x×BlockDistanceL×BlockDistanceRef)×(((Abs(mvRef_x×BlockDistanceL×(16384/BlockDistanceRef)))+8192)>>14))
mvE_y＝Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_y×BlockDistanceL×BlockDistanceRef)×(((Abs(mvRef_y×BlockDistanceL×(16384/BlockDistanceRef)))+8192)>>14))
其中，mvE_x为当前图像块的运动矢量的水平分量，mvE_y为当前图像块的运动矢量的竖直分量，mvRef_x为同位图像块的运动矢量的水平分量，mvRef_y为同位图像块的运动矢量的竖直分量，BlockDistanceL为当前图像与当前图像的参考图像之间的距离，BlockDistanceRef为同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离。
例如，当当前图像的参考图像和同位图像均在第一参考图像列表中时，假设同位图像的索引号为0，此时可以设置参考帧索引(RefIdxL0)为0，通过如下公式得到当前图像的当前图像块的运动矢量；
mvE0_x＝Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_x×BlockDistanceL0×BlockDistanceRef)×(((Abs(mvRef_x×BlockDistanceL0×(16384/BlockDistanceRef)))+8192)>>14))
mvE0_y＝Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_y×BlockDistanceL0×BlockDistanceRef)×(((Abs(mvRef_y×BlockDistanceL0×(16384/BlockDistanceRef)))+8192)>>14))
其中，mvE0_x为当前图像块的运动矢量的水平分量，mvE0_y为当前图像块的运动矢量 的竖直分量，mvRef_x为当前图像的同位图像中的同位图像块的运动矢量的水平分量，mvRef_y为同位图像中的同位图像块的运动矢量的竖直分量，BlockDistanceL为当前图像与当前图像的参考图像之间的距离，BlockDistanceRef为同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离。
又例如，当当前图像的参考图像和同位图像均在第二参考图像列表中时，假设同位图像的索引号为0，此时可以设置参考帧索引(RefIdxL1)为0，通过如下公式得到当前图像的当前图像块的运动矢量；
mvE1_x＝Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_x×BlockDistanceL1×BlockDistanceRef)×(((Abs(mvRef_x×BlockDistanceL1×(16384/BlockDistanceRef)))+8192)>>14))
mvE1_y＝Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_y×BlockDistanceL1×BlockDistanceRef)×(((Abs(mvRef_y×BlockDistanceL1×(16384/BlockDistanceRef)))+8192)>>14))
其中，mvE1_x为当前图像块的运动矢量的水平分量，mvE1_y为当前图像块的运动矢量的竖直分量，mvRef_x为当前图像的同位图像中的同位图像块的运动矢量的水平分量，mvRef_y为同位图像中的同位图像块的运动矢量的竖直分量，BlockDistanceL为当前图像与当前图像的参考图像之间的距离，BlockDistanceRef为同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离。
值得说明的是，本申请实施例中，可以简化运动信息导出过程中的图像距离计算操作，并且可以简化时域运动矢量缩放方法中的运动矢量缩放操作，可以直接进行缩放，无需进行其它判断，从而可以减小编解码复杂度，提高编解码性能。
在本申请实施例中，获取当前图像的解码顺序索引值以及与当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像的解码顺序索引值，然后当当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将周期标识值加1。之后，根据当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的周期标识值的和，确定当前图像的显示顺序索引值。由于预设正整数倍的周期标识值为解码顺序索引值处于当前图像所在的一轮循环之前的所有轮循环中的图像个数，所以根据当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的周期标识值的和，确定当前图像的显示顺序索引值时，可以实现当前图像的显示顺序索引值在解码顺序在当前图像之前的图像的显示顺序索引值的基础上的递增，也即是，本申请实施例中图像的显示顺序索引值是递增的。
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种图像显示顺序的确定装置的结构示意图，该图像显示顺序的确定装置可以由软件、硬件或者两者的结合实现成为视频编解码设备的部分或者全部。参见图9，该装置包括：第一获取模块901、第一更新模块902和确定模块903。
第一获取模块901，用于获取当前图像的解码顺序索引值以及与当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像的解码顺序索引值；
第一更新模块902，用于当当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将周期标识值加1；
确定模块903，用于根据当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的周期标识值的和，确定当前图像的显示顺序索引值。
可选地，当前图像的显示顺序索引值通过如下公式确定：
POI＝DOI+PictureOutputDelay－OutputReorderDelay+length×DOICycleCnt
其中，POI为当前图像的显示顺序索引值，DOI为当前图像的解码顺序索引值，PictureOutputDelay为图像输出延迟值，OutputReorderDelay为图像重排序延迟值，length为预 设正整数，DOICycleCnt为周期标识值。
可选地，该装置还包括：
第二更新模块，用于当当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将当前图像的参考图像缓冲区中的所有图像的解码顺序索引值均减去预设正整数，以更新所有图像的解码顺序索引值。
可选地，参考图像缓冲区中的任一图像的显示顺序索引值与当前图像的显示顺序索引值之间的差值的绝对值小于预设正整数除以2。
可选地，预设正整数为256。
可选地，该装置还包括：
设置模块，用于在解码当前图像所在的视频序列的序列头或序列起始码时，将周期标识值设置为0。
可选地，该装置还包括：
第二获取模块，用于根据当前图像的显示顺序索引值和当前图像的参考图像的显示顺序索引值，获取当前图像的运动信息。
可选地，第二获取模块包括：
第一确定单元，用于根据当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定当前图像的距离索引值；
第二确定单元，用于根据参考图像的显示顺序索引值或当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定参考图像的距离索引值；
计算单元，用于将当前图像的距离索引值减去参考图像的距离索引值，以得到当前图像与参考图像之间的距离；
第三确定单元，用于根据当前图像与参考图像之间的距离，确定当前图像的运动信息。
可选地，第一确定单元用于：
将当前图像的显示顺序索引值乘以2，以作为当前图像的距离索引值。
可选地，第二确定单元用于：
当参考图像为知识图像时，将当前图像的显示顺序索引值减1得到的数值乘以2，以作为参考图像的距离索引值；
当参考图像不为知识图像时，将参考图像的显示顺序索引值乘以2，以作为参考图像的距离索引值。
可选地，第三确定单元用于：
确定当前图像的同位图像；
确定同位图像中位置与当前图像的当前图像块的位置相同的同位图像块；
获取同位图像块的运动矢量；
获取同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离，同位参考图像为同位图像块的运动矢量指向的图像块所在的图像；
根据当前图像与参考图像之间的距离以及同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离，对同位图像块的运动矢量进行缩放，以得到当前图像块的运动矢量。
可选地，第三确定单元用于：
获取同位图像的距离索引值以及同位参考图像的距离索引值；
将同位图像的距离索引值减去同位参考图像的距离索引值，以得到同位图像与同位参考 图像之间的距离。
可选地，当前图像块的运动矢量通过如下公式确定；
mvE_x＝Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_x×BlockDistanceL×BlockDistanceRef)×(((Abs(mvRef_x×BlockDistanceL×(16384/BlockDistanceRef)))+8192)>>14))
mvE_y＝Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_y×BlockDistanceL×BlockDistanceRef)×(((Abs(mvRef_y×BlockDistanceL×(16384/BlockDistanceRef)))+8192)>>14))
其中，mvE_x为当前图像块的运动矢量的水平分量，mvE_y为当前图像块的运动矢量的竖直分量，mvRef_x为同位图像块的运动矢量的水平分量，mvRef_y为同位图像块的运动矢量的竖直分量，BlockDistanceL为当前图像与参考图像之间的距离，BlockDistanceRef为同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离。
在本申请实施例中，获取当前图像的解码顺序索引值以及与当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像的解码顺序索引值，然后当当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将周期标识值加1。之后，根据当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的周期标识值的和，确定当前图像的显示顺序索引值。由于预设正整数倍的周期标识值为解码顺序索引值处于当前图像所在的一轮循环之前的所有轮循环中的图像个数，所以根据当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的周期标识值的和，确定当前图像的显示顺序索引值时，可以实现当前图像的显示顺序索引值在解码顺序在当前图像之前的图像的显示顺序索引值的基础上的递增，也即是，本申请实施例中图像的显示顺序索引值是递增的。
需要说明的是：上述实施例提供的图像显示顺序的确定装置在确定图像显示顺序时，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。另外，上述实施例提供的图像显示顺序的确定装置与图像显示顺序的确定方法实施例属于同一构思，其具体实现过程详见方法实施例，这里不再赘述。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意结合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络或其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如：同轴电缆、光纤、数据用户线(Digital Subscriber Line，DSL))或无线(例如：红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质，或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如：软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如：数字通用光盘(Digital Versatile Disc，DVD))或半导体介质(例如：固态硬盘(Solid State Disk，SSD))等。
以上所述为本申请提供的实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种图像显示顺序的确定方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    获取当前图像的解码顺序索引值以及与所述当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像的解码顺序索引值；
    当所述当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于所述在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将周期标识值加1；
    根据所述当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的所述周期标识值的和，确定所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值通过如下公式确定：
    POI＝DOI+PictureOutputDelay－OutputReorderDelay+length×DOICycleCnt
    其中，所述POI为所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值，所述DOI为所述当前图像的解码顺序索引值，所述PictureOutputDelay为图像输出延迟值，所述OutputReorderDelay为图像重排序延迟值，所述length为所述预设正整数，所述DOICycleCnt为所述周期标识值。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于所述在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将所述当前图像的参考图像缓冲区中的所有图像的解码顺序索引值均减去所述预设正整数，以更新所述所有图像的解码顺序索引值。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述参考图像缓冲区中的任一图像的显示顺序索引值与所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值之间的差值的绝对值小于所述预设正整数除以2。
  5. 如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述预设正整数为256。
  6. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在解码所述当前图像所在的视频序列的序列头或序列起始码时，将所述周期标识值设置为0。
  7. 如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值和所述当前图像的参考图像的显示顺序索引值，获取所述当前图像的运动信息。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值和所述当前图像的参考图像的显示顺序索引值，获取所述当前图像的运动信息，包括：
    根据所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定所述当前图像的距离索引值；
    根据所述参考图像的显示顺序索引值或所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定所述参考图像的距离索引值；
    将所述当前图像的距离索引值减去所述参考图像的距离索引值，以得到所述当前图像与所述参考图像之间的距离；
    根据所述当前图像与所述参考图像之间的距离，确定所述当前图像的运动信息。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定所述当前图像的距离索引值，包括：
    将所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值乘以2，以作为所述当前图像的距离索引值。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述参考图像的显示顺序索引值或所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定所述参考图像的距离索引值，包括：
    当所述参考图像为知识图像时，将所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值减1得到的数值乘以2，以作为所述参考图像的距离索引值；
    当所述参考图像不为知识图像时，将所述参考图像的显示顺序索引值乘以2，以作为所述参考图像的距离索引值。
  11. 如权利要求8至10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述当前图像与所述参考图像之间的距离，确定所述当前图像的运动信息，包括：
    确定所述当前图像的同位图像；
    确定所述同位图像中位置与所述当前图像的当前图像块的位置相同的同位图像块；
    获取所述同位图像块的运动矢量；
    获取所述同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离，所述同位参考图像为所述同位图像块的运动矢量指向的图像块所在的图像；
    根据所述当前图像与所述参考图像之间的距离以及所述同位图像与所述同位参考图像之间的距离，对所述同位图像块的运动矢量进行缩放，以得到所述当前图像块的运动矢量。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取所述同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离，包括：
    获取所述同位图像的距离索引值以及所述同位参考图像的距离索引值；
    将所述同位图像的距离索引值减去所述同位参考图像的距离索引值，以得到所述同位图像与所述同位参考图像之间的距离。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述当前图像块的运动矢量通过如下公式确定；
    mvE_x＝Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_x×BlockDistanceL×BlockDistanceRef)×(((Abs(mvRef_x×BlockDistanceL×(16384/BlockDistanceRef)))+8192)>>14))
    mvE_y＝Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_y×BlockDistanceL×BlockDistanceRef)×(((Abs(mvRef_y×BlockDistanceL×(16384/BlockDistanceRef)))+8192)>>14))
    其中，所述mvE_x为所述当前图像块的运动矢量的水平分量，所述mvE_y为所述当前图像块的运动矢量的竖直分量，所述mvRef_x为所述同位图像块的运动矢量的水平分量，所述mvRef_y为所述同位图像块的运动矢量的竖直分量，所述BlockDistanceL为所述当前图像与所述参考图像之间的距离，所述BlockDistanceRef为所述同位图像与所述同位参考图像之间的距离。
  14. 一种图像显示顺序的确定装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    第一获取模块，用于获取当前图像的解码顺序索引值以及与所述当前图像解码顺序相邻的在先图像的解码顺序索引值；
    第一更新模块，用于当所述当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于所述在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将周期标识值加1；
    确定模块，用于根据所述当前图像的解码顺序索引值与预设正整数倍的所述周期标识值的和，确定所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值通过如下公式确定：
    POI＝DOI+PictureOutputDelay－OutputReorderDelay+length×DOICycleCnt
    其中，所述POI为所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值，所述DOI为所述当前图像的解码顺序索引值，所述PictureOutputDelay为图像输出延迟值，所述OutputReorderDelay为图像重排序延迟值，所述length为所述预设正整数，所述DOICycleCnt为所述周期标识值。
  16. 如权利要求14或15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    第二更新模块，用于当所述当前图像的解码顺序索引值小于所述在先图像的解码顺序索引值时，将所述当前图像的参考图像缓冲区中的所有图像的解码顺序索引值均减去所述预设正整数，以更新所述所有图像的解码顺序索引值。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述参考图像缓冲区中的任一图像的显示顺序索引值与所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值之间的差值的绝对值小于所述预设正整数除以2。
  18. 如权利要求14至17中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述预设正整数为256。
  19. 如权利要求14至18中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    设置模块，用于在解码所述当前图像所在的视频序列的序列头或序列起始码时，将所述周期标识值设置为0。
  20. 如权利要求14至19中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    第二获取模块，用于根据所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值和所述当前图像的参考图像的显示顺序索引值，获取所述当前图像的运动信息。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二获取模块包括：
    第一确定单元，用于根据所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定所述当前图像的距离索引值；
    第二确定单元，用于根据所述参考图像的显示顺序索引值或所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值，确定所述参考图像的距离索引值；
    计算单元，用于将所述当前图像的距离索引值减去所述参考图像的距离索引值，以得到所述当前图像与所述参考图像之间的距离；
    第三确定单元，用于根据所述当前图像与所述参考图像之间的距离，确定所述当前图像的运动信息。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一确定单元用于：
    将所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值乘以2，以作为所述当前图像的距离索引值。
  23. 如权利要求21或22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二确定单元用于：
    当所述参考图像为知识图像时，将所述当前图像的显示顺序索引值减1得到的数值乘以2，以作为所述参考图像的距离索引值；
    当所述参考图像不为知识图像时，将所述参考图像的显示顺序索引值乘以2，以作为所述参考图像的距离索引值。
  24. 如权利要求21至23任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第三确定单元用于：
    确定所述当前图像的同位图像；
    确定所述同位图像中位置与所述当前图像的当前图像块的位置相同的同位图像块；
    获取所述同位图像块的运动矢量；
    获取所述同位图像与同位参考图像之间的距离，所述同位参考图像为所述同位图像块的运动矢量指向的图像块所在的图像；
    根据所述当前图像与所述参考图像之间的距离以及所述同位图像与所述同位参考图像之间的距离，对所述同位图像块的运动矢量进行缩放，以得到所述当前图像块的运动矢量。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第三确定单元用于：
    获取所述同位图像的距离索引值以及所述同位参考图像的距离索引值；
    将所述同位图像的距离索引值减去所述同位参考图像的距离索引值，以得到所述同位图像与所述同位参考图像之间的距离。
  26. 如权利要求24或25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述当前图像块的运动矢量通过如下公式确定；
    mvE_x＝Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_x×BlockDistanceL×BlockDistanceRef)×(((Abs(mvRef_x×BlockDistanceL×(16384/BlockDistanceRef)))+8192)>>14))
    mvE_y＝Clip3(-32768,32767,Sign(mvRef_y×BlockDistanceL×BlockDistanceRef)×(((Abs(mv Ref_y×BlockDistanceL×(16384/BlockDistanceRef)))+8192)>>14))
    其中，所述mvE_x为所述当前图像块的运动矢量的水平分量，所述mvE_y为所述当前图像块的运动矢量的竖直分量，所述mvRef_x为所述同位图像块的运动矢量的水平分量，所述mvRef_y为所述同位图像块的运动矢量的竖直分量，所述BlockDistanceL为所述当前图像与所述参考图像之间的距离，所述BlockDistanceRef为所述同位图像与所述同位参考图像之间的距离。
  27. 一种视频编解码设备，其特征在于，所述设备包括：相互耦合的非易失性存储器和处理器，所述处理器调用存储在所述存储器中的程序代码以执行如权利要求1-13任一项所描述的方法。
PCT/CN2019/112959 2019-01-23 2019-10-24 图像显示顺序的确定方法、装置和视频编解码设备 WO2020151274A1 (zh)

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