WO2020135348A1 - 一种电池包的喷淋系统、电池包及车辆 - Google Patents

一种电池包的喷淋系统、电池包及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020135348A1
WO2020135348A1 PCT/CN2019/127543 CN2019127543W WO2020135348A1 WO 2020135348 A1 WO2020135348 A1 WO 2020135348A1 CN 2019127543 W CN2019127543 W CN 2019127543W WO 2020135348 A1 WO2020135348 A1 WO 2020135348A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
driving
liquid
spray
storage device
liquid storage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/127543
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汪文礼
黄小腾
茆凯源
洪家荣
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020135348A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020135348A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A62C35/10—Containers destroyed or opened by flames or heat
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A62C35/026—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance the extinguishing material being put under pressure by means other than pressure gas, e.g. pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
    • A62C35/64—Pipe-line systems pressurised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, in particular to a spray system for a battery pack, a battery pack and a vehicle.
  • the battery includes a box body and a unit battery located inside the box body.
  • the energy density of the battery gradually increases, the chemical system of the unit battery gradually develops to a high energy density, and the unit battery volume becomes larger and larger.
  • high-energy-density unit batteries release high-temperature heat flow when they fail thermally. This high-temperature heat flow leaks easily when exposed to air, and the heat flow diffuses to adjacent unit batteries causing the battery pack to burn, giving passengers and drivers personal safety Bring serious harm.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a battery pack spraying system, battery pack and vehicle to solve the heat flow diffusion of the unit battery in the prior art due to thermal runaway, resulting in the combustion of adjacent unit batteries and affecting the passengers' personal health Security issues.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a spray system for a battery pack, including:
  • the spray pipe is used for the circulation of the spray liquid. When heated, the spray pipe can form an opening;
  • the liquid storage device communicates with the spray pipe
  • the driving device includes an elastic member and a driving member, and the elastic member is connected to the driving member;
  • the driving member can drive the spray liquid in the liquid storage device into the spray pipe.
  • the liquid storage device has two liquid outlets, and the two liquid outlets are respectively connected to both ends of the spray pipe.
  • the two liquid outlets are located at both ends of the liquid storage device along the axial direction L;
  • the driving device is disposed in the inner cavity of the liquid storage device, and the driving component includes two driving plates distributed along the axial direction L, the two driving plates are respectively connected to both ends of the elastic component, and the two driving The plates can move toward the corresponding liquid outlets respectively.
  • the driving device further includes a limiting component
  • the limiting member has a first working state and a second working state.
  • the limiting member acts on the driving board to limit the distance between the two driving boards, so that The elastic member is in a compressed state.
  • the limiting member does not act on the driving plate. Under the elastic force of the elastic member, the distance between the two driving plates increases Big.
  • the elastic member is one or more of hydraulic spring, constant force spring and elastic foam.
  • both ends of the limiting component are respectively connected to the two driving boards, and the limiting component is provided with a plurality of breakpoints, which can be broken; or,
  • the limiting member includes a glue material, and an outer wall of the driving plate and an inner wall of the liquid storage device are adhered by the glue material.
  • a sliding seal structure is provided between the outer peripheral wall of the driving plate and the inner wall of the liquid storage device.
  • the distance between the two driving plates and the corresponding liquid outlet is equal.
  • the liquid storage device has a first end portion and a second end portion arranged oppositely, the second end portion is closed, and the first end portion is provided with a liquid outlet, the liquid outlet and the The spray pipes are connected;
  • the driving device is disposed in the inner cavity of the liquid storage device, and the driving component includes a driving plate, and both ends of the elastic component are respectively connected to the driving plate and the second end, and the driving The plate can move towards the liquid outlet.
  • the driving device further includes a limiting component
  • the limiting member has a first working state and a second working state. In the first working state, the limiting member acts on the driving board to restrict the driving board from the second end The distance between the elastic members in a compressed state. In the second working state, the limiting member does not act on the driving plate. Under the elastic force of the elastic member, the driving plate The distance from the second end increases.
  • the spray liquid in the liquid storage device and the spray pipe is a fluorinated liquid.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a battery pack, including:
  • the unit battery is provided in the inner cavity of the casing, and the unit battery has an explosion-proof valve;
  • a spray system the spray system is the spray system described above;
  • the spraying pipeline of the spraying system is corresponding to the explosion-proof valve.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle including the battery pack described above.
  • the spray pipe when the unit cell is out of control and the heat flow is discharged from its explosion-proof valve, under the action of the heat flow, the spray pipe can be heated at the explosion-proof valve to form an opening, so that the spray liquid in the spray pipe The discharge from this opening serves to prevent the heat flow from diffusing.
  • the spray liquid in the liquid storage device can enter the spray pipe and be discharged from the opening of the spray pipe, further To prevent the diffusion of heat flow.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided in this application in a specific embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a partially enlarged view of the part I in Figure 1;
  • FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray system in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the liquid storage device in FIG. 3;
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is an exploded view of Figure 4.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving device in FIG. 6 when the limiting component is in the second working state
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tank body and the cover body in FIG. 6.
  • the safety of the battery pack is mainly improved by adding a spray system to the battery pack.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided in this application in a specific embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of part I of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a spray of FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the liquid storage device in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of FIG. 4
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded view of FIG. 4
  • FIG. 7 is a limiting part of the driving device in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tank body and the cover body in FIG. 6.
  • the battery pack includes: a housing (not shown in the figure), the housing has an inner cavity; one or more unit batteries 2, the unit batteries 2 are located in When the inner cavity of the housing includes a plurality of unit batteries 2, each unit battery 2 is arranged in a preset rule and placed in the inner cavity of the housing.
  • the unit battery 2 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 21.
  • the explosion-proof valve 21 is used to discharge the heat flow to The risk of explosion of the unit cell 2 is reduced, and when the heat flow is discharged from the explosion-proof valve 21, the high-temperature heat flow may cause the adjacent unit cell 2 to burn.
  • a spray system 1 is added to the battery pack, thereby reducing the diffusion of heat flow and improving the safety of the battery pack.
  • the spraying system 1 includes a spraying pipe 11 corresponding to the explosion-proof valve 21 of the unit battery 2, that is, the spraying pipe 11 passes through each unit
  • the battery 2 is located directly above the explosion-proof valve 21 in each unit cell 2.
  • the spray pipe is used for the circulation of the spray liquid, and when the spray pipe 11 is heated, an opening can be formed, which is used for the discharge of the spray liquid .
  • the spray system 1 further includes a liquid storage device 12, which is in communication with the spray pipe 11, and the liquid storage device 12 is used to store spray liquid; the spray system 1 It further includes a driving device 13 for driving the spray liquid in the liquid storage device 12 into the spray pipe 11.
  • the spray pipe 11 when the unit battery 2 is out of control and the heat flow is discharged from the explosion-proof valve 21, under the action of the heat flow, the spray pipe 11 can be heated at the explosion-proof valve 21 to form an opening, thereby making the spray pipe The spray liquid in 11 is discharged from this opening, which plays a role in preventing the diffusion of heat flow heat.
  • the spray liquid in the liquid storage device 12 can enter the spray line 11 and further from the spray line 11 The opening is discharged to further prevent the diffusion of heat flow.
  • this spray system 1 after the liquid storage device 12 and the driving device 13 are provided, not only the spray liquid in the spray line 11 can play the role of spray, but also the spray liquid stored in the liquid storage device 12 It can be discharged to play the role of spraying, thereby greatly improving the spraying effect, reducing the risk of heat flow diffusion when the unit battery 2 is out of control, and improving the safety of the battery pack.
  • the spray pipe 11 after the spray pipe 11 is impacted by the heat flow, it may be partially broken or completely broken at the location of the impact. No matter how the spray pipe 11 is broken, as long as an opening can be formed, the opening can be sprayed The discharge of liquid.
  • the spray pipe 11 receives a temperature of 500° C. or higher (for example, 660° C.)
  • the spray pipe 11 can form an opening at a heated position.
  • a heat flow is ejected from the explosion-proof valve 21 of the unit cell 2, and the temperature of the heat flow is above 500° C., so that the spray pipe 11 can form an opening.
  • the liquid storage device 12 has two liquid outlets 123, and both liquid outlets 123 are connected to both ends of the spray pipe 11;
  • the spray system 1 includes two liquid storage devices 12, both of which have liquid outlets 123, and the liquid outlets 123 of the two are connected to both ends of the spray pipe 11 respectively.
  • the spray line 11 corresponding to the explosion-proof valve 21 of the unit cell 2 forms an opening.
  • the spray line 11 and one or more liquid storage devices 12 form a closed loop, that is, the spray liquid can enter the spray line 11 from both ends of the spray line 11 , And the spray liquid that enters the spray line 11 from both ends of the spray line 11 can be discharged from the opening, further increasing the flow rate of the discharged spray liquid, and making the spray line 11 form an opening at any position Leachate can be discharged quickly, improving the response speed.
  • the spray system 1 includes a liquid storage device 12, and the liquid storage device 12 has two liquid outlets 123, the two liquid outlets 123 are provided in the liquid storage Both ends of the device 12 in the axial direction; at the same time, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the driving device 13 is disposed in the inner cavity of the liquid storage device 12, and the driving device 13 includes two driving plates 131 distributed along the axial direction, two The driving plates 131 can move toward the corresponding liquid outlets 123 respectively.
  • the two driving plates 131 of the driving device 13 are disposed in the inner cavity of the liquid storage device 12, and when the liquid storage device 12 is filled with spray liquid, when the two driving plates 131 are respectively directed toward the corresponding outlets When the liquid port 123 moves (in FIG. 5
  • the left driving plate 131 moves to the left and the right driving plate 131 moves to the right), during the movement of the driving plate 131, it can push the spray liquid in the liquid storage device 12 It is discharged from the corresponding liquid outlet 123 into the spray line 11, that is, for the spray liquid in the liquid storage device 12 and the spray line 11, the driving plate 131 exerts a pushing force on the part of the spray liquid, thereby driving The spray liquid is discharged from the spray pipe 11 through the opening to realize spraying.
  • the driving device 13 further includes an elastic member 132 and a limiting member 133, wherein the elastic member 132 Both ends are respectively connected to two driving plates 131; at the same time, the limiting component 133 has a first working state and a second working state.
  • the limiting component 133 can limit the distance between the two driving plates 131.
  • the limiting member 133 acts on the two driving plates 131, so that the two driving plates 131 are close to each other, and compresses the elastic member 132; in the second working state, the limiting member 133 can release the two
  • the limitation of the distance between the driving plates 131 that is, the limiting member 133 releases the limitation on the driving plate 131, and thus the limitation on the elastic member 132, so that the elastic member 132 can return to the initial state (elongation).
  • the driving device 13 includes two driving plates 131, an elastic member 132 and a limiting member 133, and in the initial state (the limiting member 133 is in the first working state), the elastic member 132 is between the two driving plates 131 It is in a compressed state, so that the driving device 13 stores elastic potential energy, and when the spray line 11 is not opened (no thermal runaway of the unit battery 2), in the cavity of the liquid storage device 12, the elastic member 132 in the driving device 13
  • the elastic force is equal to the sum of the hydraulic pressure of the spray liquid on the driving plate 131 and the pulling force of the limiting member 133 on the driving plate 131, so that the elastic member 132 can maintain the compressed state; when the spray pipe 11 is opened, the spray liquid is discharged ,
  • the hydraulic energy in the liquid storage device 12 is reduced, the balance is broken, under the action of the restoring force of the elastic member 132, the limiting effect of the limiting member 133 is overcome (the limiting member 133 is in the second working state), the elastic member 132
  • the sprinkler system 1 in the present application does not need to be provided with a control monitoring device and a control device, that is, no sensor needs to be provided in the sprinkler system 1, only the relationship between the components of the sprinkler system 1 can realize the sprinkler, and the response speed Fast and simple structure.
  • the function of the limiting member 133 is to limit the distance between the two driving plates 131. Therefore, in the first specific embodiment, the limiting member 133 may include an adhesive material, which is provided in Between the outer peripheral wall of the driving plate 131 and the inner wall of the liquid storage device 12, so that the driving plate 131 and the liquid storage device 12 can be adhesively connected. At this time, the limiting member 133 is in the first working state, as shown in FIG. When the spray pipe 11 forms an opening, under the action of the elastic member 132, the adhesion of the rubber material to the driving plate 131 and the liquid storage device 12 is released, and the limiting member 133 is in the second working state, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the above-mentioned glue material may be glue or a glue strip, and by setting parameters such as the amount of glue or the area of the glue strip, the magnitude of the adhesion force of the glue material to the driving plate 131 and the liquid storage device 12 can be changed, thereby enabling the After the spray pipe 11 is opened, the glue material fails after a preset time (for example, the glue material fails after 5 minutes after the spray pipe 11 is opened).
  • the above-mentioned limiting member 133 may also be a strip structure connected between the two driving plates 131, and the limiting member 133 is provided with several breakpoints 133a, when the spray pipe 11 is not opened, the breakpoint 133a of the limiting member 133 is not disconnected, and the limiting member 133 is in the first working state; when the spray pipe 11 forms an opening, the elastic member 132 Under the action, the driving plate 131 has a tendency to move in the opposite direction, so that the break point 133a is disconnected, and the limiting member 133 is in the first working state.
  • the elastic member 132 may be a structure such as a spring or an elastic foam, as long as it can be elastically deformed. Furthermore, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the elastic member 132 is preferably a constant force spring. The elastic force of the constant force spring is almost unchanged with the change of the amount of expansion and contraction. Therefore, in the driving device 13, the elastic member 132 can provide a constant elastic force during the expansion process, rather than a gradually decreasing elastic force, thereby further promoting liquid storage The spray liquid in the device 2 enters the spray line 11.
  • the driving plate 131 in the liquid storage device 12 can be set as follows: when the spray pipe 11 is opened, the driving plate 131 can move axially along the inner wall of the liquid storage device 12, and at the same time, when spraying When the shower line 11 is not open, the shower liquid cannot flow between the outer periphery of the driving plate 131 and the inner wall of the liquid storage device 12, or the flow rate of the shower liquid flowing between the two is small, and the liquid pressure on the shower liquid Less affected. That is, when the spray pipe 11 is not opened, there is no spray liquid between the two driving plates 131, or only a small amount of spray liquid exists.
  • a dynamic sealing structure (such as a packing seal, etc.) may be provided between the driving plate 131 and the liquid storage device 12, so that the driving plate 131 can move relative to the inner wall of the liquid storage device 12, and the dynamic sealing structure can play a sealing role To reduce the risk of spray liquid entering between the two drive plates 131.
  • the distance between the two driving plates 131 and the corresponding liquid outlet 123 is equal, that is, the driving device 13 is at the central position of the liquid storage device 12 in the axial direction, so that the hydraulic pressure received by the two driving plates 131 is approximately equal, so that when the spray pipe 11 is not open, it helps to achieve the balance of the drive device 13 when the spray pipe When the path 11 is opened, the secondary shower liquid can be discharged from the two liquid outlets 123.
  • the liquid storage device 12 has two liquid outlets 123 oppositely arranged, and the two liquid outlets are connected to the spray pipe 11 as a closed circuit.
  • the device 12 and a driving device 13 can discharge the spray liquid from the two liquid outlets 123 of the liquid storage device 12, which has the advantages of simple structure, space saving, low cost, and not easy to fail.
  • the liquid storage device 12 may specifically be a liquid storage tank structure. As shown in FIG. 8, the liquid storage device includes a tank body 121 and a cover body 122, and the tank body 121 and the cover body 122 may be threaded. Connection can also be connected by card connection or other connection methods. In addition, the liquid storage device 12 needs to meet high sealing performance and be able to withstand high pressure. Specifically, it can be made of metal materials such as iron and stainless steel with high pressure resistance, or plastic materials such as PP.
  • liquid storage device 12 When the liquid storage device 12 is made of stainless steel, it can be an integral structure with the spray pipe 11, or the two can also be connected by welding; when the liquid storage device 12 is made of PP and other plastic materials, the liquid storage device 12 and The spray pipe 11 can be connected by a quick plug connector.
  • the installation process is as follows: 1. Install the spray pipe 11 first, and then weld the liquid storage device 12 and the spray pipe 11 to ensure that the spray pipe 11 and The liquid outlet 123 of the liquid storage device 12 is connected to ensure the smoothness of the internal flow path; 2. Seal one end of the spray pipe 11 with a plug or tape, and add the spray liquid at the other end until the height of the scale line in the liquid storage device 12 is reached (The position of the tick marks can make the driving device 13 be located at the center position of the liquid storage device 12), and then put the driving device 13 into the liquid storage device 12, and make the limiting member 133 in the first working state (the elastic member 132 is in the compressed state) ); 3.
  • the liquid storage device 12 may also be provided with only one liquid outlet.
  • the liquid storage device 12 has a first end and a second end oppositely arranged and distributed in the axial direction , Where the second end is closed, the first end is provided with a liquid outlet 123, the liquid outlet 123 communicates with the spray line 11, at the same time, the driving device 13 in this embodiment is provided in the liquid storage device 12
  • the driving device includes a driving plate 131, an elastic member 132 and a limiting member 133, wherein both ends of the elastic member 132 are connected to the driving plate 131 and the second end respectively, and the limiting member 133 has a first Working state and second working state, in the first working state, the limiting member 133 can limit the distance between the driving plate 131 and the second end, so that the elastic member 132 is in a compressed state, in the second working state, The limiting member 133 can release the restriction on the driving plate 131 to move the driving plate 131 toward the liquid outlet 123.
  • the liquid storage device 12 is provided with only one liquid outlet 123, and the spray liquid can only be discharged from the liquid outlet 123.
  • the two ends of the spray pipe 11 may be connected to the liquid storage device 12 described in the second embodiment, that is, the spray system 1 includes two liquid storage devices 12 and two driving devices 13.
  • the spray liquid in the liquid storage device 12 and the spray line 11 is a fluorinated liquid. After the fluorinated liquid is discharged from the spray line 11, it can communicate with the unit cell 2 The heat flow of the chemical reaction occurs, thereby absorbing heat and preventing heat from diffusing.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a spray system 1, as shown in FIG. 3, the spray system includes: a spray pipe 11 for spray liquid circulation, and the spray pipe 11 can be formed when heated An opening to allow the spray liquid to be discharged from the opening; a liquid storage device 12 communicating with the spray line 12, the liquid storage device is used to store the spray liquid; a driving device 13 is used to drive the spray liquid in the liquid storage device 13 Enter the spray line 12.
  • the sprinkler system 1 can be used in a battery pack to prevent the heat flow from spreading when the unit cells 2 in the battery pack run out of heat and serve the purpose of extinguishing fire. At the same time, the sprinkler system 1 can also be used in other occasions where fire extinguishment is required.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种电池包的喷淋系统、电池包及车辆，喷淋系统包括：喷淋管路，用于喷淋液流通，且所述喷淋管路受热时能够形成开口；储液装置，与所述喷淋管路连通，所述储液装置用于储存喷淋液；驱动装置，包括弹性部件和驱动部件，所述弹性部件与所述驱动部件相连；其中，在所述弹性部件的弹性势能作用下，所述驱动部件能够驱动所述储液装置中的喷淋液进入所述喷淋管路。该喷淋系统中，设置储液装置和驱动装置后，不仅喷淋管路中的喷淋液能够起到喷淋的作用，储液装置中储存的喷淋液也能够排出起到喷淋的作用，从而提高喷淋的效果，降低单元电池热失控时热流向相邻单元电池扩散的风险，提高该电池包的安全性。

Description

一种电池包的喷淋系统、电池包及车辆
本申请要求于2018年12月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为201811624585.9、发明名称为“一种电池包的喷淋系统及电池包”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及储能器件技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池包的喷淋系统、电池包及车辆。
背景技术
目前电动车安全性事故频繁发生，其中，引起电动车安全事故的其中一大因素是电池的自燃。电池包括箱体和位于箱体内部的单元电池，随着电池能量密度逐步提高，单元电池化学体系逐步向高能量密度发展，单元电池容积也越发变大。但是，高能量密度的单元电池发生热失效时释放高温热流，该高温热流泄露后与空气接触时容易发生燃烧，且热流扩散到相邻单元电池时导致电池包燃烧，给乘客及驾驶员人身安全带来严重危害。
申请内容
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种电池包的喷淋系统、电池包及车辆，用以解决现有技术中单元电池发生热失控时热流扩散，导致相邻单元电池燃烧，影响乘客人身安全的问题。
本申请实施例提供了一种电池包的喷淋系统，包括：
喷淋管路，用于喷淋液流通，受热时，所述喷淋管路能够形成开口；
储液装置，与所述喷淋管路连通；
驱动装置，包括弹性部件和驱动部件，所述弹性部件与所述驱动部件相连；
其中，在所述弹性部件的弹力作用下，所述驱动部件能够驱动所述储液装置中的喷淋液进入所述喷淋管路。
优选地，所述储液装置具有两个出液口，两所述出液口分别与所述喷淋管路的两端相连通。
优选地，两所述出液口位于所述储液装置沿轴向L的两端部；
所述驱动装置设置于所述储液装置内腔，且所述驱动部件包括沿轴向L分布的两驱动板，两所述驱动板分别连接于所述弹性部件的两端，两所述驱动板能够分别朝向对应的所述出液口运动。
优选地，所述驱动装置还包括限位部件；
所述限位部件具有第一工作状态和第二工作状态，在所述第一工作状态下，所述限位部件作用于所述驱动板，限制两所述驱动板之间的距离，以使所述弹性部件处于压缩状态，在所述第二工作状态下，所述限位部件未作用于所述驱动板，在所述弹性部件的弹力作用下，两所述驱动板之间的距离增大。
优选地，所述弹性部件液压弹簧、恒力弹簧、弹性泡棉中的一种或多种。
优选地，所述限位部件的两端分别与两所述驱动板相连，且所述限位部件设置有若干断点，所述断点能够断开；或者，
所述限位部件包括胶材，所述驱动板的外周壁与所述储液装置的内壁之间通过所述胶材粘连。
优选地，所述驱动板的外周壁与所述储液装置的内壁之间设置有滑动密封结构。
优选地，所述限位部件在所述第一工作状态下，两所述驱动板与对应所述出液口之间的距离相等。
优选地，所述储液装置具有相对设置的第一端部和第二端部，所述第二端部封闭，所述第一端部设置有出液口，所述出液口与所述喷淋管路相连通；
所述驱动装置设置于所述储液装置的内腔，且所述驱动部件包括一个驱动板，所述弹性部件的两端分别与所述驱动板和所述第二端部相连，所述驱动板能够朝向所述出液口运动。
优选地，所述驱动装置还包括限位部件；
所述限位部件具有第一工作状态和第二工作状态，在所述第一工作状态下，所述限位部件作用于所述驱动板，限制所述驱动板与所述第二端部之间的距离，以使所述弹性部件处于压缩状态，在所述第二工作状态下，所述限位部件未作用于所述驱动板，在所述弹性部件的弹力作用下，所述驱动板与所述第二端部之间的距离增大。
优选地，所述储液装置和所述喷淋管路中的喷淋液为氟化液。
同时，本申请实施例还提供一种电池包，包括：
壳体，所述壳体具有内腔；
单元电池，设置于所述壳体的内腔，且所述单元电池具有防爆阀；
喷淋系统，所述喷淋系统为以上所述的喷淋系统；
其中，所述喷淋系统的喷淋管路与所述防爆阀对应设置。
另外，本申请实施例还提供一种车辆，所述车辆包括以上所述的电池包。
本申请中，当单元电池发生热失控，热流从其防爆阀排出时，在热流的作用下，喷淋管路在该防爆阀处能够受热形成开口，从而使得喷淋管路中的喷淋液从该开口排出，起到防止热流热量扩散的作用。同时，喷淋管路中的喷淋液从开口排出后，在驱动装置的作用下，储液装置中的喷淋液能够进入喷淋管路，并从喷淋管路的开口排出，进一步起到防止热流扩散的作用。
因此，该喷淋系统中，设置储液装置和驱动装置后，不仅喷淋管路中的喷淋液能够起到喷淋的作用，储液装置中储存的喷淋液也能够排出起到喷淋的作用，从而提高喷淋的效果，降低单元电池热失控时热流向相邻单元电池扩散的风险，提高该电池包的安全性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要 使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为本申请所提供电池包在一种具体实施例中的结构示意图；
图2为图1中Ⅰ部分的局部放大图；
图3为图1中喷淋系统的结构示意图；
图4为图3中储液装置的结构示意图；
图5为图4的透视图；
图6为图4的爆炸图；
图7为图6中的驱动装置在限位部件处于第二工作状态时的结构示意图；
图8为图6中罐体和盖体的结构示意图。
附图标记：
1-喷淋系统；
11-喷淋管路；
12-储液装置；
121-罐体；
122-盖体；
123-出液口；
13-驱动装置；
131-驱动板；
132-弹性部件；
133-限位部件；
133a-断点；
2-单元电池；
21-防爆阀。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本申请的技术方案，下面结合附图对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
应当明确，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请实施例中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请。在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
需要注意的是，本申请实施例所描述的“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等方位词是以附图所示的角度来进行描述的，不应理解为对本申请实施例的限定。此外，在上下文中，还需要理解的是，当提到一个元件连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”时，其不仅能够直接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”，也可以通过中间元件间接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”。
当电池包中的电芯发生热失控时，容易导致电池包燃烧，影响车辆及乘客的安全性。本申请中，主要通过在电池包中增设喷淋系统来提高该电池包的安全性。
请参考附图1～8，其中，图1为本申请所提供电池包在一种具体实施例中的结构示意图；图2为图1中Ⅰ部分的局部放大图；图3为图1中喷淋系统的结 构示意图；图4为图3中储液装置的结构示意图；图5为图4的透视图；图6为图4的爆炸图；图7为图6中的驱动装置在限位部件处于第二工作状态时的结构示意图；图8为图6中罐体和盖体的结构示意图。
本申请实施例提供一种电池包，如图1所示，该电池包包括：壳体(图中未示出)，该壳体具有内腔；一个或多个单元电池2，单元电池2位于壳体的内腔，当包括多个单元电池2时，各单元电池2以预设规律排列，并放置于壳体的内腔。
其中，如图2所示，该电池包中，单元电池2设置有防爆阀21，当该单元电池2发生热失控时，其内部产生高温高压的热流，该防爆阀21用于排出热流，以降低该单元电池2燃爆的风险，而当热流从防爆阀21排出时，该高温热流可能导致相邻单元电池2发生燃烧。为了降低某单元电池2热失控时引起相邻单元电池2燃烧的风险，本申请中，在该电池包中增设喷淋系统1，从而降低热流的扩散，提高电池包的安全性。
具体地，如图1和图3所示，该喷淋系统1包括喷淋管路11，该喷淋管路11与单元电池2的防爆阀21对应设置，即喷淋管路11经过各单元电池2，并位于各单元电池2中防爆阀21的正上方，该喷淋管路用于喷淋液流通，且当喷淋管路11受热时能够形成开口，该开口用于喷淋液排出。同时，如图3所示，该喷淋系统1还包括储液装置12，该储液装置12与喷淋管路11连通，该储液装置12用于储存喷淋液；该喷淋系统1进一步包括驱动装置13，该驱动装置13用于驱动储液装置12中的喷淋液进入喷淋管路11。
本申请中，当单元电池2发生热失控，热流从其防爆阀21排出时，在该热流的作用下，喷淋管路11在该防爆阀21处能够受热形成开口，从而使得喷淋管路11中的喷淋液从该开口排出，起到防止热流热量扩散的作用。同时，喷淋管路11中的喷淋液从开口排出后，在驱动装置13的作用下，储液装置12中的喷淋液能够进入喷淋管路11，并进一步从喷淋管路11的开口排出，进一步起到防止热流扩散的作用。
因此，该喷淋系统1中，设置储液装置12和驱动装置13后，不仅喷淋管路11中的喷淋液能够起到喷淋的作用，储液装置12中储存的喷淋液也能够排出起到喷淋的作用，从而大大提高喷淋的效果，降低单元电池2热失控时热流扩散的风险，提高该电池包的安全性。
其中，喷淋管路11受到热流冲击后，在受冲击的位置存在局部破裂或完全断裂的情况，无论喷淋管路11以何种方式破裂，只要能够形成开口，该开口均可实现喷淋液的排出。另外,当喷淋管路11受到温度达到500℃以上(例如660℃)时，该喷淋管路11能够在受热的位置形成开口。当电池包中单元电池2发生热失控时，从该单元电池2的防爆阀21内喷出热流，该热流的温度在500℃以上，能够使得喷淋管路11形成开口。
进一步地，在第一种具体实施例中，如图3所示，该储液装置12具有两个出液口123，且两出液口123均与喷淋管路11的两端相连通；或者，该喷淋系统1包括两个储液装置12，两储液装置12均具有出液口123，且二者的出液口123分别与喷淋管路11的两端相连通。
本实施例中，当电池包中的某单元电池2发生热失控排出热流时，在热流作用下与该单元电池2防爆阀21对应位置的喷淋管路11形成开口，喷淋管路11的两端均与储液装置12连通时，喷淋管路11与一个或多个储液装置12形成闭合回路，即喷淋液能够从喷淋管路11的两端进入喷淋管路11内，且从喷淋管路11两端进入喷淋管路11的喷淋液能够从该开口排出，进一步增大排出喷淋液的流量，并使得喷淋管路11的任意位置形成开口时喷淋液均能够快速排出，提高响应速度。
具体地，如图3所示的实施例中，当该喷淋系统1包括一个储液装置12，且该储液装置12具有两个出液口123时，两出液口123设置于储液装置12轴向的两端部；同时，如图5和图6所示，该驱动装置13设置于储液装置12内腔，且该驱动装置13包括沿轴向分布的两驱动板131，两驱动板131能够分别朝向对应的出液口123方向运动。
本实施例中，如图5所示，驱动装置13的两驱动板131设置于储液装置12内腔，且储液装置12充有喷淋液时，当两驱动板131分别朝向对应的出液口123运动(图5中，左侧的驱动板131向左运动，右侧的驱动板131向右运动)时，该驱动板131运动过程中，能够推动储液装置12中的喷淋液从对应的出液口123排出进入喷淋管路11，即对于储液装置12和喷淋管路11中的喷淋液来说，驱动板131对该部分喷淋液作用有推力，从而驱动喷淋液从开口排出喷淋管路11，实现喷淋。
进一步地，为了实现上述两驱动板131朝向对应出液口123的运动，如图5和图6所示，该驱动装置13还包括弹性部件132和限位部件133，其中，该弹性部件132的两端分别与两驱动板131相连；同时，该限位部件133具有第一工作状态和第二工作状态，在第一工作状态下，限位部件133能够限制两驱动板131之间的距离，以使弹性部件132处于压缩状态，即限位部件133作用于两驱动板131，使得两驱动板131相互靠近，并压缩弹性部件132；在第二工作状态下，限位部件133能够解除对两驱动板131之间距离的限制，即限位部件133解除对驱动板131的限制，进而解除对弹性部件132的限制，使得弹性部件132能够恢复初始状态(伸长)。
本实施例中，该驱动装置13包括两驱动板131、弹性部件132和限位部件133，且初始状态下(限位部件133处于第一工作状态)，弹性部件132在两驱动板131之间处于压缩状态，使得该驱动装置13储存有弹性势能，且当喷淋管路11未开口(单元电池2未发生热失控)时，在储液装置12内腔中，驱动装置13中弹性部件132的弹力等于喷淋液对驱动板131的液压力及限位部件133对驱动板131的拉力之和，使得该弹性部件132能够维持压缩状态；当喷淋管路11开口，喷淋液排出时，储液装置12中的液压能减小，平衡打破，在弹性部件132回复力的作用下，克服限位部件133的限位作用(限位部件133处于第二工作状态)，弹性部件132的弹性势能能够转化为驱动板131的动能，驱动两驱动板131朝向出液口123的方向运动，并驱动喷淋液排出。
因此，本申请中的喷淋系统1无需设置控制监测装置和控制装置，即喷淋系统1中无需设置传感器，仅通过喷淋系统1各部件之间的关系即可实现喷淋，且响应速度快，结构简单。
具体地，本申请中，限位部件133的作用为限制两驱动板131之间的距离，因此，在第一种具体实施例中，该限位部件133可包括胶材，该胶材设置于驱动板131外周壁与储液装置12内壁之间，从而能够将驱动板131与储液装置12胶粘连接，此时，该限位部件133处于第一工作状态,如图6所示。当喷淋管路11形成开口时，在弹性部件132的作用下，胶材对驱动板131和储液装置12的粘连作用解除，限位部件133处于第二工作状态,如图7所示。
更具体地，上述胶材可为胶水或胶条，且通过设置胶水的量或胶条的面积等参数，能够改变胶材对驱动板131和储液装置12粘接力的大小，从而能够使得喷淋管路11开口后，胶材经过预设时间失效(例如，胶材在喷淋管路11开口后5min后失效)。
在第二种具体实施例中，如图5和图6所示，上述限位部件133还可为连接于两驱动板131之间的条带结构，且该限位部件133设置有若干断点133a，当喷淋管路11未开口时，该限位部件133的断点133a未断开，限位部件133处于第一工作状态；当喷淋管路11形成开口时，在弹性部件132的作用下，驱动板131有朝向相反方向运动的趋势，使得断点133a断开，该限位部件133处于第一工作状态。
另一方面，该弹性部件132可为弹簧或弹性泡棉等结构，只要能够弹性变形即可，进一步地，如图5和图6所示的实施例中，弹性部件132优选为恒力弹簧，该恒力弹簧随着伸缩量的变化弹力几乎不变，因此，该驱动装置13中，弹性部件132伸长过程中，能够提供恒定的弹力，而并非逐渐减小的弹力，从而进一步促进储液装置2中的喷淋液进入喷淋管路11。
同时，如图5所示，该驱动板131在储液装置12内可设置为：当喷淋管路11开口时，驱动板131能够沿储液装置12的内壁轴向运动，同时，当喷淋管路 11未开口时，喷淋液无法从驱动板131外周与储液装置12内壁之间流通，或者，从二者之间流通的喷淋液流量很小，对喷淋液的液压力影响较小。也就是说，当喷淋管路11未开口时，两驱动板131之间不存在喷淋液，或者仅存在少量的喷淋液。
具体地，驱动板131与储液装置12之间可设置有动密封结构(例如填料密封等)，使得驱动板131能够相对于储液装置12内壁运动，且该动密封结构能够起到密封作用，减小喷淋液进入两驱动板131之间的风险。
另一方面，如图5所示，喷淋管路11未开口、限位部件133处于第一工作状态时，两驱动板131与对应出液口123之间的距离相等，即此时驱动装置13处于储液装置12沿轴向的中部位置，使得两驱动板131受到的液压力大致相等，从而当喷淋管路11未开口时，有助于实现驱动装置13的平衡，当喷淋管路11开口时，使得从喷淋液能够从两出液口123排出。
以上所述的各实施例中，储液装置12具有相对设置的两出液口123，且两出液口与喷淋管路11连接为闭合回路，该实施例中，仅需设置一个储液装置12和一个驱动装置13，能够实现喷淋液从储液装置12的两个出液口123排出，具有结构简单、节省空间、成本低、不易失效等优点。
具体地，本实施例中，储液装置12具体可为储液罐结构，如图8所示,该储液装置包括罐体121和盖体122，且罐体121与盖体122可通过螺纹连接，也可通过卡接连接或采用其他连接方式。且该储液装置12需满足较高的密封性能，并能够承受较高的压强，具体可采用耐压性能较高的铁、不锈钢等金属材料制成，也可采用PP等塑料材料制成。当储液装置12采用不锈钢材料时，其与喷淋管路11可为一体式结构，或者，二者也可通过焊接连接；当储液装置12采用PP等塑料材质时，储液装置12与喷淋管路11可通过快插接头插接相连。
如图3所示的喷淋系统1中，其安装工序如下：一、先安装喷淋管路11，再将储液装置12与喷淋管路11进行焊接，并保证喷淋管路11与储液装置12的 出液口123导通，保证内部流道通畅；二、将喷淋管路11一端用堵盖或胶带密封，另一端加入喷淋液直至达到储液装置12内刻度线高度(刻度线位置可使得驱动装置13位于储液装置12的中心位置)，再将驱动装置13放入储液装置12内，并使得限位部件133处于第一工作状态(弹性部件132处于压缩状态)；三、将带螺纹的储液装置12的盖体122与罐体121拧紧，继续从喷淋管路11加入喷淋液，直至整个系统充满喷淋液；四、再将喷淋管路11的另一端与储液装置12通过焊接方式固定密封，即可完成整体密封。
在第二种具体实施例中，该储液装置12也可仅开设有一个出液口，具体地，该储液装置12具有相对设置、沿轴向分布的第一端部和第二端部，其中，第二端部封闭，第一端部设置有出液口123，该出液口123与喷淋管路11相连通，同时，该实施例中的驱动装置13设置于储液装置12的内腔，且该驱动装置包括一个驱动板131、弹性部件132和限位部件133，其中，弹性部件132的两端分别与驱动板131和第二端部相连，限位部件133具有第一工作状态和第二工作状态，在第一工作状态下，限位部件133能够限制驱动板131与第二端部之间的距离，以使弹性部件132处于压缩状态，在第二工作状态下，限位部件133能够解除对驱动板131的限制，以使驱动板131朝向出液口123的方向运动。
本实施例中的喷淋系统1中，该储液装置12仅设置一个出液口123，喷淋液只能从该出液口123排出，为了提高喷淋效果，该喷淋系统1中，喷淋管路11的两端可分别连接有上述第二实施例所述的储液装置12，即该喷淋系统1包括两个储液装置12和两个驱动装置13。
另一方面，以上各实施例中，该储液装置12和喷淋管路11中的喷淋液为氟化液，该氟化液从喷淋管路11喷出后，能够与单元电池2的热流发生化学反应，从而起到吸收热量、防止热量扩散的作用。
另外，本申请实施例还提供一种喷淋系统1，如图3所示，该喷淋系统包括：喷淋管路11，用于喷淋液流通，且喷淋管路11受热时能够形成开口，以 使喷淋液从开口排出；储液装置12，与喷淋管路12连通，储液装置用于储存喷淋液；驱动装置13，用于驱动储液装置13中的喷淋液进入喷淋管路12。
其中，该喷淋系统1可用于电池包，防止电池包中单元电池2热失控时热流扩散，起到灭火的目的，同时，该喷淋系统1还可用于其他需要灭火的场合。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请保护的范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电池包的喷淋系统，其特征在于，包括：
    喷淋管路，用于喷淋液流通，受热时，所述喷淋管路能够形成开口；
    储液装置，与所述喷淋管路连通；
    驱动装置，包括弹性部件和驱动部件，所述弹性部件与所述驱动部件相连；
    其中，在所述弹性部件的弹力作用下，所述驱动部件能够驱动所述储液装置中的喷淋液进入所述喷淋管路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的喷淋系统，其特征在于，所述储液装置具有两个出液口，两所述出液口分别与所述喷淋管路的两端相连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的喷淋系统，其特征在于，两所述出液口位于所述储液装置沿轴向L的两端部；
    所述驱动装置设置于所述储液装置内腔，且所述驱动部件包括沿轴向L分布的两驱动板，两所述驱动板分别连接于所述弹性部件的两端，两所述驱动板能够分别朝向对应的所述出液口运动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的喷淋系统，其特征在于，所述驱动装置还包括限位部件；
    所述限位部件具有第一工作状态和第二工作状态，在所述第一工作状态下，所述限位部件作用于所述驱动板，限制两所述驱动板之间的距离，以使所述弹性部件处于压缩状态，在所述第二工作状态下，所述限位部件未作用于所述驱动板，在所述弹性部件的弹力作用下，两所述驱动板之间的距离增大。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的喷淋系统，其特征在于，所述弹性部件液压弹簧、恒力弹簧、弹性泡棉中的一种或多种。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的喷淋系统，其特征在于，所述限位部件的两端分别与两所述驱动板相连，且所述限位部件设置有若干断点，所述断点能够断开；或者，
    所述限位部件包括胶材，所述驱动板的外周壁与所述储液装置的内壁之间通过所述胶材粘连。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的喷淋系统，其特征在于，所述驱动板的外周壁与所述储液装置的内壁之间设置有滑动密封结构。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的喷淋系统，其特征在于，所述限位部件在所述第一工作状态下，两所述驱动板与对应所述出液口之间的距离相等。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的喷淋系统，其特征在于，所述储液装置具有相对设置的第一端部和第二端部，所述第二端部封闭，所述第一端部设置有出液口，所述出液口与所述喷淋管路相连通；
    所述驱动装置设置于所述储液装置的内腔，且所述驱动部件包括一个驱动板，所述弹性部件的两端分别与所述驱动板和所述第二端部相连，所述驱动板能够朝向所述出液口运动。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的喷淋系统，其特征在于，所述驱动装置还包括限位部件；
    所述限位部件具有第一工作状态和第二工作状态，在所述第一工作状态下，所述限位部件作用于所述驱动板，限制所述驱动板与所述第二端部之间的距离，以使所述弹性部件处于压缩状态，在所述第二工作状态下，所述限位部件未作用于所述驱动板，在所述弹性部件的弹力作用下，所述驱动板与所述第二端部之间的距离增大。
  11. 根据权利要求1～10中任一项所述的喷淋系统，其特征在于，所述储液装置和所述喷淋管路中的喷淋液为氟化液。
  12. 一种电池包，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体，所述壳体具有内腔；
    单元电池，设置于所述壳体的内腔，且所述单元电池具有防爆阀；
    喷淋系统，所述喷淋系统为权利要求1～11中任一项所述的喷淋系统；
    其中，所述喷淋系统的喷淋管路与所述防爆阀对应设置。
  13. 一种车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆包括如权利要求12中所述的电池包。
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