WO2020134435A1 - 压缩机以及冷媒循环系统 - Google Patents

压缩机以及冷媒循环系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020134435A1
WO2020134435A1 PCT/CN2019/113033 CN2019113033W WO2020134435A1 WO 2020134435 A1 WO2020134435 A1 WO 2020134435A1 CN 2019113033 W CN2019113033 W CN 2019113033W WO 2020134435 A1 WO2020134435 A1 WO 2020134435A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diffuser
thrust bearing
compressor
bearing
compressor according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/113033
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘华
张治平
李宏波
钟瑞兴
陈玉辉
叶文腾
亓静利
刘胜
Original Assignee
珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020134435A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020134435A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
    • F04D29/023—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/056—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/083—Sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of compressors, and particularly to a compressor and a refrigerant circulation system.
  • the dynamic pressure gas bearing has the advantages of high precision, low friction loss, long life, low vibration, no pollution, no need to provide lubricating medium, etc. It is suitable for high speed and high precision occasions, in centrifugal compressors, especially miniaturized centrifugal compressors Has broad application prospects.
  • the present disclosure proposes a compressor and a refrigerant circulation system to optimize the structure of the compressor.
  • Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a compressor, including:
  • one side surface abuts the impeller, and the other side is provided with an axial recessed portion, and the bottom surface of the axial recessed portion abuts the thrust bearing.
  • the inner wall of the through hole of the diffuser is provided with a seal.
  • the seal includes sealing comb teeth.
  • the diffuser is integral with the seal.
  • the compressor further includes:
  • the cylinder is in contact with the diffuser and is positioned by the positioning stop of the diffuser.
  • the diffuser is cast.
  • a rotating shaft is installed in the through hole of the diffuser, and the material of the diffuser is softer than the material of the rotating shaft.
  • the thickness of the diffuser is less than 14 mm.
  • the thrust bearing includes an air suspension bearing.
  • Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a refrigerant circulation system, including the compressor provided by any technical solution of the present disclosure.
  • the refrigerant circulation system includes an air conditioner.
  • the above technical solution uses a diffuser to directly position the thrust bearing, which effectively alleviates the problem of large bearing load and low critical speed of bending mode caused by the length of the rotor. It also greatly reduces the difficulty of processing and assembly, and improves the assembly efficiency and assembly accuracy. Improve the reliability and stability of the bearing rotor system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a diffuser in a compressor provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic front view structural diagram of a diffuser in a compressor provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a compressor provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a compressor provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a compressor including an impeller 1, a thrust bearing 2 and a diffuser 3.
  • One side surface 31 of the diffuser 3 abuts the impeller 1, and the other side is provided with an axial recessed portion 32, and the bottom surface 321 of the axial recessed portion 32 abuts the side of the thrust bearing 2.
  • a thrust disk 7 is provided on the other side of the thrust bearing 2.
  • the impeller 1, the thrust bearing 2, and the diffuser 3 have mounting holes penetrating the three, and the mounting holes are used to install the rotating shaft 6 described later.
  • the diffuser 3 described above integrates the function of a thrust bearing fixing plate.
  • the bottom surface 321 of the axially recessed portion 32 of the diffuser 3 directly abuts the thrust bearing 2 and plays a positioning role on the thrust bearing 2.
  • the thrust bearing 2 is directly locked by screws and bears the axial force of the rotor.
  • the bottom surface 321 of the axially concave portion 32 of the diffuser 3 serves as a fixing surface of the thrust bearing 2, and the fixing surface has high vertical accuracy, so that the gas film on the mating surface of the thrust disk 7 and the thrust bearing 2 is uniform, and the thrust bearing 2 is evenly stressed , Slowing the wear of thrust bearing 2 and prolonging the service life of thrust bearing 2.
  • the compressor provided by the above technical solution reduces the number of parts and improves quality control due to the use of the diffuser 3 of the above structure; when the functional requirements are met, the thickness of the thrust bearing fixing plate is reduced, thereby reducing
  • the length of the rotor not only improves the rigidity of the rotor and the critical speed of the bending mode of the bearing rotor system, but also reduces the weight of the rotor and the bearing load, thereby improving the stability of the bearing rotor system.
  • the inner wall of the through hole 34 of the diffuser 3 is provided with a seal 4.
  • the diffuser 3 converts the velocity energy of the outlet medium of the impeller 1 into pressure energy.
  • the inner wall of the through hole 34 of the diffuser 3 is provided with a seal 4 which cooperates with the rotor (specifically, the rotating shaft 6) to form a shaft seal to prevent the impeller 1 Exhaust gas enters the motor cavity.
  • the seal 4 includes sealing comb teeth.
  • the sealing comb teeth have good sealing effect and are easy to install.
  • the diffuser 3 and the seal 4 are integral.
  • the structure integrates the seal 4, the thrust bearing fixing plate and the existing diffuser into a single part, which has a high degree of integration, reduces the number of parts, and improves quality control; reducing the length of the part when the functional requirements are met Therefore, the length of the rotor is reduced, which not only improves the rigidity of the rotor and the critical speed of the bending mode of the bearing rotor system, but also reduces the weight of the rotor and reduces the load on the bearing. Both together improve the stability of the bearing rotor system.
  • the compressor further includes a barrel 5 connected to the diffuser 3. Specifically, the barrel 5 abuts the diffuser 3 and is positioned by the positioning stop 33 of the diffuser 3.
  • the positioning stop 33 is specifically stepped, and the ends of the cylinder 5 are symmetrically arranged in steps, and the two steps cooperate with each other to achieve positioning.
  • the thrust bearing 2 is first fixed on the diffuser 3 by screws, and then the diffuser 3 is positioned on the motor barrel 5 through the positioning stop 33, and then accurately positioned with pins.
  • the above structure realizes precise positioning and assembly of the diffuser and the barrel 5.
  • the coaxiality of the shaft seal part of the diffuser 3 and the perpendicularity of the fixed surface of the thrust bearing 2 are realized on one part, which not only reduces the difficulty of processing and assembly, but also greatly reduces the cumulative dimensional tolerance and shape and position error of processing and assembly.
  • a part has only one assembly datum compared to multiple parts, which improves assembly accuracy and assembly efficiency. Due to the high precision of the coaxiality of the comb-tooth seal, the chance of wear during the operation of the comb-tooth seal and the rotor is reduced, the phenomenon of increasing the sealing gap is reduced, the leakage loss is increased, and the energy efficiency of the compressor is improved.
  • the diffuser 3 is cast.
  • the diffuser 3 and the seal 4 are integrally formed by casting, which improves the production efficiency.
  • the rotating shaft 6 is installed in the through hole 34 of the diffuser 3, and the material of the diffuser 3 is softer than the material of the rotating shaft 6.
  • the diffuser 3 is worn, and the rotating shaft 6 is not or less worn.
  • the above structure plays a role in protecting the rotating shaft 6.
  • the thickness of the diffuser 3 is less than 14 mm.
  • the thickness of the diffuser 3 is significantly reduced compared to the total thickness of the thrust bearing fixing plate of the existing diffuser 3, and the weight of the compressor is reduced.
  • the thrust bearing 2 includes an air suspension bearing. Air-suspended bearings do not require lubricating oil, which effectively reduces equipment pollution to the medium and working environment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种压缩机以及冷媒循环系统。该压缩机包括叶轮（1）、推力轴承（2）及扩压器（3）。扩压器（3）一侧侧面（31）抵接叶轮（1），且另一侧设有轴向内凹部（32），轴向内凹部（32）的底面抵顶推力轴承（2）。该结构采用扩压器（3）直接定位推力轴承（2），有效缓解了转子长度过长造成的轴承负载大和弯曲模态临界转速低的问题，同时降低加工和装配难度，提高装配效率和装配精度，使轴承转子系统的可靠性和稳定性提升。

Description

压缩机以及冷媒循环系统
本申请是以CN申请号为201811593306.7，申请日为2018年12月25日的申请为 基础，并主张其优先权，该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及压缩机领域，具体涉及一种压缩机以及冷媒循环系统。
背景技术
动压气体轴承具有精度高、摩擦损耗小、寿命长、振动小、无污染，无需提供润滑介质等优点，适用于高转速和高精度场合，在离心压缩机、特别是小型化离心压缩机中具有广阔应用前景。
发明人发现，相关技术中至少存在下述问题：首先，由于气体黏度低，且动压气体轴承无外部气源供气，所以承载低。其次，动压轴承的轴承间隙为微米级或数十微米级，所要求的加工及装配精度极高。
发明内容
本公开提出一种压缩机以及冷媒循环系统，用以优化压缩机的结构。
本公开一些实施例提供一种压缩机，包括：
叶轮；
推力轴承；以及
扩压器，一侧侧面抵接所述叶轮，且另一侧设有轴向内凹部，所述轴向内凹部的底面抵顶所述推力轴承。
在一些实施例中，所述扩压器的通孔内壁设有密封件。
在一些实施例中，所述密封件包括密封梳齿。
在一些实施例中，所述扩压器与所述密封件是一体的。
在一些实施例中，压缩机还包括：
筒体，与所述扩压器抵接且由所述扩压器的定位止口定位。
在一些实施例中，所述扩压器是铸造的。
在一些实施例中，所述扩压器的通孔中安装有转轴，所述扩压器的材质比所述转 轴的材质软。
在一些实施例中，所述扩压器的厚度小于14mm。
在一些实施例中，所述推力轴承包括气悬浮轴承。
本公开另一实施例提供一种冷媒循环系统，包括本公开任一技术方案所提供的压缩机。
在一些实施例中，所述冷媒循环系统包括空调。
上述技术方案，采用扩压器直接定位推力轴承，有效缓解了转子长度过长造成的轴承负载大和弯曲模态临界转速低的问题，同时也大大降低加工和装配难度，提高装配效率和装配精度，使轴承转子系统的可靠性和稳定性提升。
附图说明
图1为本公开一些实施例提供的压缩机中的扩压器的剖视结构示意图；
图2为本公开一些实施例提供的压缩机中的扩压器的主视结构示意图；
图3为本公开一些实施例提供的压缩机局部剖视结构示意图；
图4为本公开一些实施例提供的压缩机剖视结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合图1～图4对本公开提供的技术方案进行更为详细的阐述。
参见图1至图3，本公开一些实施例提供一种压缩机，包括叶轮1、推力轴承2以及扩压器3。扩压器3的一侧侧面31抵接叶轮1，且另一侧设有轴向内凹部32，轴向内凹部32的底面321抵顶推力轴承2的一侧。推力轴承2的另一侧设有推力盘7。
叶轮1、推力轴承2以及扩压器3具有贯穿三者的安装孔，该安装孔用于安装后文介绍的转轴6。
上述的扩压器3集成了推力轴承固定板的功能，扩压器3的轴向内凹部32的底面321直接抵顶推力轴承2，对推力轴承2起到定位作用。推力轴承2通过螺钉直接锁紧，承受转子轴向力。扩压器3的轴向内凹部32的底面321作为推力轴承2的固定面，该固定面垂直度精度高，使得推力盘7与推力轴承2配合面的气膜均匀，推力轴承2受力均匀，减缓了推力轴承2的磨损，延长了推力轴承2的使用寿命。
上述技术方案提供的压缩机，由于采用了上述结构的扩压器3，减少了零件数目，提高了质量控制；在满足功能需求的情况下，减少了推力轴承固定板的厚度，从而减 小了转子长度，不仅提高了转子的刚度，提高了轴承转子系统弯曲模态的临界转速，也减少了转子重量，减轻了轴承负载，从而提高了轴承转子系统稳定性。
在一些实施例中，扩压器3的通孔34内壁设有密封件4。
扩压器3将叶轮1出口介质的速度能转化为压力能，扩压器3的通孔34内壁设有密封件4，密封件4与转子(具体为转轴6)配合形成轴封，阻止叶轮1排气进入电机腔。
在一些实施例中，密封件4包括密封梳齿。密封梳齿密封效果好，且便于安装。
在一些实施例中，扩压器3与密封件4是一体的。该结构将密封件4、推力轴承固定板和已有的扩压器集成为一个零件，集成化程度高，减少了零件数目，提高了质量控制；满足功能需求的情况下减少该部分零件的长度，从而减小了转子长度，不仅提高转子的刚度，提高轴承转子系统弯曲模态的临界转速，也减少了转子重量，减轻了轴承负载，两者共同提高了轴承转子系统稳定性。
在一些实施例中，压缩机还包括筒体5，筒体5与扩压器3相连，具体为筒体5与扩压器3抵接且由扩压器3的定位止口33定位。定位止口33具体为台阶状的，筒体5的端部对称设置为台阶状的，两个台阶相互配合实现定位。
装配时，先将推力轴承2通过螺钉固定在扩压器3上，然后将扩压器3通过定位止口33定位在电机筒体5上，然后用销钉精确定位。上述结构实现了扩压器与筒体5的精确定位、装配。
扩压器3轴封部分的同轴度和推力轴承2固定面的垂直度都在一个零件上实现，不仅降低了加工和装配难度，同时也大大降低加工和装配累积尺寸公差和形位误差。
并且，一个零件相较多个零件，只有一个装配基准，提高了装配精度和装配效率。由于梳齿密封的同轴度精度高，减少了梳齿密封与转子工作过程中磨损的几率，减少了密封间隙增大现象，减少了泄露损失增加，提高了压缩机能效。
在一些实施例中，扩压器3是铸造的。扩压器3以及密封件4一体铸造成形，提高了生产效率。
在一些实施例中，扩压器3的通孔34中安装有转轴6，扩压器3的材质比转轴6的材质软。
工作过程中，在出现磨损时，被磨损的是扩压器3，转轴6不会或者较少被磨损。上述结构起到了保护转轴6的作用。
在一些实施例中，扩压器3的厚度小于14mm。扩压器3的厚度较现有的扩压器 3的推力轴承固定板的总厚度有较明显的减少，实现了压缩机的轻量化。
在一些实施例中，推力轴承2包括气悬浮轴承。气悬浮轴承无须润滑油，有效降低设备对介质及工作环境的污染。
本公开另一些实施例提供一种冷媒循环系统，包括本公开任一技术方案所提供的压缩机。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开保护范围的限制。
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本公开的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本公开进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本公开的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换；而不脱离本公开技术方案的精神，其均应涵盖在本公开请求保护的技术方案范围当中。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种压缩机，包括：
    叶轮(1)；
    推力轴承(2)；以及
    扩压器(3)，一侧侧面(31)抵接所述叶轮(1)，且另一侧设有轴向内凹部(32)，所述轴向内凹部(32)的底面(321)抵顶所述推力轴承(2)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的压缩机，其中所述扩压器(3)的通孔(34)内壁设有密封件(4)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的压缩机，其中所述密封件(4)包括密封梳齿。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的压缩机，其中所述扩压器(3)与所述密封件(4)是一体的。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的压缩机，还包括：
    筒体(5)，与所述扩压器(3)抵接且由所述扩压器(3)的定位止口(33)定位。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的压缩机，其中所述扩压器(3)是铸造的。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的压缩机，其中所述扩压器(3)的通孔(34)中安装有转轴(6)，所述扩压器(3)的材质比所述转轴(6)的材质软。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的压缩机，其中所述扩压器(3)的厚度小于14mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的压缩机，其中所述推力轴承(2)包括气悬浮轴承。
  10. 一种冷媒循环系统，包括权利要求1-9任一所述的压缩机。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的冷媒循环系统，其中所述冷媒循环系统包括空调。
PCT/CN2019/113033 2018-12-25 2019-10-24 压缩机以及冷媒循环系统 WO2020134435A1 (zh)

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