WO2020133985A1 - 透明oled基板、显示面板及oled基板 - Google Patents

透明oled基板、显示面板及oled基板 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020133985A1
WO2020133985A1 PCT/CN2019/093321 CN2019093321W WO2020133985A1 WO 2020133985 A1 WO2020133985 A1 WO 2020133985A1 CN 2019093321 W CN2019093321 W CN 2019093321W WO 2020133985 A1 WO2020133985 A1 WO 2020133985A1
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Prior art keywords
electrode
layer
oled substrate
emitting
transparent
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PCT/CN2019/093321
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张露
童晓阳
周志伟
楼均辉
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Kunshan Govisionox Optoelectronics Co Ltd
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Kunshan Govisionox Optoelectronics Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2020133985A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020133985A1/zh
Priority to US17/010,115 priority Critical patent/US11335748B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/122—Pixel-defining structures or layers, e.g. banks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
    • H10K50/15—Hole transporting layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
    • H10K50/16—Electron transporting layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/17—Carrier injection layers
    • H10K50/171—Electron injection layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H10K50/81—Anodes
    • H10K50/813—Anodes characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H10K50/82—Cathodes
    • H10K50/828—Transparent cathodes, e.g. comprising thin metal layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/60—OLEDs integrated with inorganic light-sensitive elements, e.g. with inorganic solar cells or inorganic photodiodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K2102/10—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene
    • H10K2102/101—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene comprising transparent conductive oxides [TCO]
    • H10K2102/103—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene comprising transparent conductive oxides [TCO] comprising indium oxides, e.g. ITO
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
    • H10K2102/302—Details of OLEDs of OLED structures
    • H10K2102/3023—Direction of light emission
    • H10K2102/3031—Two-side emission, e.g. transparent OLEDs [TOLED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/805—Electrodes
    • H10K59/8051—Anodes
    • H10K59/80515—Anodes characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/805—Electrodes
    • H10K59/8052—Cathodes
    • H10K59/80524—Transparent cathodes, e.g. comprising thin metal layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/87—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of display technology.
  • a black matrix shielding control circuit can also be provided to avoid abnormal display effect of the screen.
  • the ratio of the black matrix in each sub-pixel to the total area of the sub-pixel is called the aperture ratio, which determines the efficiency of light passing through each sub-pixel and has a certain correlation with the brightness of the screen.
  • the present application provides a transparent OLED substrate, a display panel, an OLED substrate, a display screen, and a display device.
  • a transparent OLED substrate including:
  • a first electrode layer, the first electrode layer is formed on the substrate
  • a second electrode layer, the second electrode layer is formed on the light-emitting layer
  • Each pixel-defining hole corresponds to a plurality of organic light-emitting blocks.
  • the first electrode layer includes a plurality of rows of first electrodes arranged along a first direction, and a longitudinal direction of the first electrode extends along the first direction or the second direction, the first direction and the The second direction is perpendicular, and the second electrode layer is a surface electrode.
  • the first electrodes on the first electrode layer are arranged regularly, which can effectively reduce the processing difficulty, and the second electrode layer uses a surface electrode structure, which can further simplify the process steps and reduce production costs.
  • the first electrode includes at least one bulk electrode, and the bulk electrode corresponds one-to-one with the organic light-emitting block;
  • each of the pixel defining holes corresponds to at least one of the bulk electrodes.
  • Each block electrode corresponds to an organic light-emitting block, so that the organic light-emitting block can be vapor-deposited on the corresponding block electrode, effectively reducing the risk of color mixing.
  • the first electrode includes at least one strip electrode, and each strip electrode corresponds to a plurality of the organic light-emitting blocks;
  • each of the pixel defining holes corresponds to at least one of the strip electrodes.
  • the use of strip electrodes can effectively reduce the difficulty of processing the first electrode layer, and since each strip electrode corresponds to a plurality of organic light-emitting blocks, the strips can be reduced when the organic light-emitting blocks are equal
  • the number of shaped electrodes reduces the probability of light diffraction.
  • the organic light-emitting blocks corresponding to the first electrodes in the same row have the same color. Can effectively avoid color mixing.
  • the organic light-emitting blocks corresponding to the first electrodes in two adjacent rows are the same or different in color.
  • the display state of the corresponding display area of the OLED substrate can be enriched and the display effect can be improved.
  • the length direction of the pixel defining hole is perpendicular or parallel to the first direction.
  • the size of the organic light-emitting block is not smaller than the size of the corresponding pixel-defining hole.
  • the organic light-emitting block covers the width exposed by the pixel-defining hole to increase the effective display area as much as possible.
  • each of the first electrodes corresponds to a plurality of rows of the organic light-emitting blocks arranged along the first direction, and two adjacent organic electrodes of the same first electrode in the first direction
  • the light-emitting blocks are misaligned. Since the two adjacent organic light-emitting blocks in the first direction are misaligned, the organic light-emitting blocks can be arranged at each length in the second direction to improve the display effect.
  • the distance between the central axes of two adjacent organic light-emitting blocks on the first electrode in the first direction is 0.5-2 times the size of the organic light-emitting blocks in the first direction.
  • each of the first electrodes includes:
  • a plurality of first sub-electrodes are arranged in a dislocation, and each first sub-electrode includes a plurality of electrode blocks;
  • a connecting portion electrically connects two adjacent electrode blocks to obtain the wavy first electrode extending in the second direction.
  • the first electrode includes a bulk electrode and/or a strip electrode, and in the second direction, both sides of each of the bulk electrode and each of the strip electrodes are The wave shape, and the peaks and troughs of the two sides are relatively set. Therefore, between different width positions of the first electrode and different distances between adjacent first electrodes, the positions of the generated diffraction fringes are different, and the derivative effects at different positions cancel each other, thereby effectively reducing the diffraction effect.
  • the width of the wave crests between the two sides is between 30um and (A-X)um;
  • the width of the valleys at the two sides is greater than X, and smaller than the width of the peaks, where A is the size of the organic light-emitting block, X is the width of the electrode at the smallest size, and A is greater than or equal to (30 +X)um.
  • the first electrode includes a bulk electrode and/or a strip electrode, and the shape of the projection of each of the bulk electrodes or the strip electrodes on the substrate includes at least one A first graphic unit; the first graphic unit is circular, oval, dumbbell-shaped, gourd-shaped or rectangular;
  • the shape of the projection of the organic light-emitting block on the substrate includes at least one second graphic unit; the second graphic unit is circular, oval, dumbbell-shaped, gourd-shaped, or rectangular.
  • the first electrode layer and/or the second electrode layer are made of transparent materials
  • the light transmittance of the transparent material is greater than or equal to 90%.
  • the transparent material includes one or more of indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, silver-doped indium tin oxide, and silver-doped indium zinc oxide.
  • the light-emitting layer includes an organic light-emitting material layer and a common layer;
  • the common layer includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer, and at least one of the common layers covers the first electrode layer and between the adjacent first electrode gap.
  • Optional also includes:
  • a mask is made by the transparent support layer to provide support for processing, and the support layer is a transparent structure, which can effectively reduce the blocking of light and improve the overall transmittance of the transparent OLED substrate.
  • the second electrode layer includes a second electrode
  • the second electrode has a single-layer structure or a laminated structure.
  • the second electrode is a single-layer metal layer, a single-layer metal mixture layer, or a single-layer transparent metal oxide Layer
  • the second electrode is a laminated structure, the second electrode is a laminate of a transparent metal oxide layer and a metal layer, or the second electrode is a laminate of a transparent metal oxide layer and a metal mixture layer ;
  • the thickness of the second electrode when the second electrode material is doped with metal, when the thickness of the second electrode is greater than or equal to 100 angstrom and less than or equal to 500 angstrom, the thickness of the second electrode is continuous as a whole, and the thickness of the fourth electrode Transparency is greater than 40%; or
  • the thickness of the second electrode when the second electrode material is doped with metal, when the thickness of the second electrode is greater than or equal to 100 angstrom and less than or equal to 200 angstrom, the thickness of the second electrode is continuous as a whole, and the thickness of the second electrode Transparency is greater than 40%; or
  • the thickness of the second electrode when the second electrode material is doped with metal, when the thickness of the second electrode is greater than or equal to 50 angstroms and less than or equal to 200 angstroms, the thickness of the second electrode is continuous as a whole, and the thickness of the second electrode Transparency is greater than 50%; or
  • the thickness of the second electrode when the second electrode material is doped with metal, when the thickness of the second electrode is greater than or equal to 50 angstroms and less than or equal to 200 angstroms, the thickness of the second electrode is continuous as a whole, and the thickness of the second electrode Transparency is greater than 60%; or
  • the single-layer metal layer material is Al, Ag
  • the single-layer metal mixture layer material is MgAg or Al-doped metal mixed material
  • the transparent metal oxide is ITO Or IZO.
  • a display panel including:
  • An encapsulation layer is encapsulated on a side of the transparent OLED substrate away from the substrate.
  • an OLED substrate including:
  • a first OLED substrate, the first OLED substrate is the transparent OLED substrate according to any one of the above embodiments;
  • a second OLED substrate is a non-transparent OLED substrate
  • the second OLED substrate includes a substrate, a third electrode layer formed on the substrate, and a third electrode layer formed on the third electrode layer A light-emitting layer and a fourth electrode layer formed on the light-emitting layer;
  • the second OLED substrate and the first OLED substrate share the same substrate, and the light-emitting layer of the first OLED substrate and the light-emitting layer of the second OLED substrate are formed in the same process.
  • the second OLED substrate shares the substrate with the first OLED substrate, and the light-emitting layer is formed in the same process, which can effectively reduce the process requirements; moreover, the transparent OLED substrate described in the above embodiment is used in the OLED substrate, which can make The area corresponding to the transparent OLED substrate can allow light to pass through while being used for display, so that the photosensitive device included in the electronic device configuring the OLED substrate can be disposed under the transparent OLED substrate to ensure that the photosensitive device can work normally , And does not occupy the display area, thereby effectively increasing the screen ratio.
  • the length of the effective light-emitting area of each organic light-emitting block is equal to the actual processing length of the organic light-emitting material in this direction, so that the effective light-emitting area of the organic light-emitting block
  • the area of is relatively large, so that under the same black matrix, pixel area, etc., the aperture ratio can be effectively improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a substrate.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transparent OLED substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a transparent OLED substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIGS. 4-12 are the second structural schematic diagrams of a transparent OLED substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 is a third schematic structural diagram of a transparent OLED substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a first electrode layer according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • 15-21 are a second schematic structural diagram of a first electrode layer according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view of another transparent OLED substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view of still another transparent OLED substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 24 is a cross-sectional view of still another transparent OLED substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 25 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display screen according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 28 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 29 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an array substrate 100.
  • the array substrate 100 may include a pixel defining layer 101 and a plurality of pixel defining holes 102 formed on the pixel defining layer 101, through which the electrodes formed under the pixel defining layer 101 may be exposed Therefore, when the organic light emitting material is formed in the pixel defining hole 102, the organic light emitting material can be brought into contact with the electrode under the pixel defining layer 101.
  • Each pixel-defining hole 102 corresponds to an organic light-emitting block composed of organic light-emitting material.
  • the coverage area 103 of the organic light-emitting material (as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 1) needs to be larger than the area of the pixel-defining hole 102, thereby ensuring that organic light-emitting is formed in each area of the electrode layer exposed by the pixel-defining hole 102 material.
  • a part of the organic light emitting material located at the periphery of the pixel defining hole 102 cannot be emitted due to being located on the pixel defining layer 101.
  • the boundary of the effective light emitting region S1 corresponding to each organic light emitting material is determined by the boundary of the pixel defining hole 102.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transparent OLED substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a transparent OLED substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • a transparent OLED substrate 200 is provided in the present application.
  • the transparent OLED substrate 200 may include a substrate 1, a first electrode layer 2, a pixel defining layer 3, a light emitting layer 4, and a second electrode layer 5.
  • the substrate 1 may include a laminated structure of a substrate, an inorganic layer, an organic layer, and the like.
  • the substrate may include a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate, wherein the flexible substrate may be made of a flexible material, the flexible material may be polyimide (Polyimide, PI for short), polycarbonate (Polycarbonate, PC for short), and polyphenylene terephthalate Formic acid (Polyethylene terephthalate, referred to as PET), etc.; rigid substrate can be made of organic glass.
  • the first electrode layer 2 is formed on the substrate 1, the pixel defining layer 3 is formed on the first electrode layer 2, the light emitting layer 4 is formed on the pixel defining layer 3, and the second electrode layer 5 is formed on the light emitting layer 4.
  • the light-emitting layer 4 may include a plurality of organic light-emitting blocks 41, 42 and 43; the pixel-defining layer 3 may include a plurality of pixel-defining holes 31 penetrating through the pixel-defining layer 3 to the first electrode layer 2, through A part of one electrode layer 2 is exposed, and the exposed area of the first electrode layer 2 is equal to the area of the pixel defining hole 31, and each pixel defining hole 31 may correspond to a plurality of organic light emitting blocks 41, 42, and 43.
  • the pixel-defining hole 31 may include a first pixel-defining hole 311, a second pixel-defining hole 312, and a third pixel-defining hole 313; 42 and 43, the boundary of the effective light emitting area S2 of the organic light emitting blocks 41, 42 and 43 in the X direction is determined by the boundary of the pixel defining hole 31, and the boundary of the effective light emitting area S2 in the Y direction is determined by the organic light emitting blocks 41, 42 And the vapor deposition boundary of 43 is determined. Then, the length of the effective light emitting region S2 of the organic light emitting blocks 41, 42 and 43 in the Y direction shown in FIG. 2 is equal to the actual length of the organic light emitting material in the Y direction.
  • the actual length of the organic light-emitting blocks 41, 42 and 43 in the direction indicated by Y can be increased, so that when the black matrix is equal and the pixel areas are equal, the effective light-emitting area of the transparent OLED substrate 200 can be increased and the aperture ratio can be improved.
  • the first electrode layers 2 can be regularly arranged on the substrate 1 to reduce the process difficulty.
  • the first electrode layer 2 may include a plurality of rows of first electrodes arranged along a first direction, and a longitudinal direction of the first electrodes extends along a second direction.
  • the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the first direction is the X direction and the second direction is the Y direction.
  • the first electrode layer 2 may include a first electrode 21, a first electrode 22, and a first electrode 23, and the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 are arranged side by side along the X direction.
  • the longitudinal extension directions of 22 and 23 are both Y directions.
  • the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 may be arranged side by side along the Y direction in FIG. 4, and the longitudinal extension directions of the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 are all the X direction, which is not limited in this application.
  • the second electrode layer 5 may be a surface electrode, and the second electrode layer 5 may cover each organic light-emitting block 41, 42, and 43.
  • the first electrode layer 2 may be an anode layer, and the second electrode layer 5 may be a cathode layer, so that the organic light-emitting blocks 41, 42 and 43 self-emit light through the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode.
  • the second electrode layer 5 includes a second electrode.
  • the second electrode may be a single-layer structure or a stacked structure.
  • the second electrode is Single-layer metal layer, single-layer metal mixture layer or single-layer transparent metal oxide layer;
  • the second electrode is a laminated layer of a transparent metal oxide layer and a metal layer, or transparent Stack of metal oxide layer and metal mixture layer.
  • the thickness of the second electrode when the material of the second electrode is doped with metal, the thickness of the second electrode is greater than or equal to 100 angstroms and less than or equal to 500 angstroms. Further, the thickness of the second electrode is greater than When it is 100 angstroms or less and 200 angstroms or less, the thickness of the second electrode is continuous as a whole, and the transparency of the second electrode is greater than 40%.
  • the thickness of the second electrode when the material of the second electrode is doped with metal, when the thickness of the second electrode is greater than or equal to 50 angstroms and less than or equal to 200 angstroms, the thickness of the second electrode is continuous as a whole, And the transparency of the second electrode is greater than 50%. Further, the transparency of the second electrode is greater than 60%.
  • the second electrode may be a single-layer structure, wherein the single-layer metal layer material may be Al or Ag, and the single-layer metal mixture layer material may be MgAg or an Al-doped metal mixture Material; the transparent metal oxide may be ITO or IZO.
  • the first electrode may include a plurality of bulk electrodes, and each pixel defining hole may be provided corresponding to a plurality of bulk electrodes, and the plurality of bulk electrodes correspond to the plurality of organic light-emitting blocks in one-to-one correspondence; and Each pixel-defining hole can correspond to multiple block electrodes.
  • the first electrode layer 2 may include first electrodes 21, 22 and 23 which are sequentially arranged along the X direction and extend longitudinally along the Y direction. Taking the first electrode 21 as an example, the first electrode 21 may include block electrodes 211, 212, and 213. In other embodiments, the first electrode 21 may also include two, four, or more than four blocks The number of block electrodes included in the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 may be the same or different, and this application is not limited.
  • the light emitting layer 4 may include organic light emitting blocks 41, 42 and 43
  • the pixel defining hole 31 may include a first pixel defining hole 311, a second pixel defining hole 312 and a third pixel defining hole arranged in the X direction 313, that is, the X direction is the width direction of the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third pixel defining hole 313, and the Y direction is the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third The pixel defines the length direction of the hole 313. As shown in FIG.
  • the organic light-emitting block 41 is in contact with the bulk electrode 211, the organic light-emitting block 42 is in contact with the bulk electrode 212, and the organic light-emitting block 43 is in contact with the bulk electrode 213; and the bulk electrodes 211, 212, and 213 can all It is exposed through the same pixel defining hole (ie, the first pixel defining hole 311 shown in FIG. 4).
  • each block electrode 211, 212 and 213 exposed by the first pixel defining hole 311 is equal to the actual length of the block electrode 211, 212 and 213 in the direction shown by Y, so that the block electrode can be increased The actual exposed length, thereby increasing the effective light-emitting area of each organic light-emitting block.
  • the length direction of the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third pixel defining hole 313 shown in FIG. 4 is parallel to the longitudinal extension directions of the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23, this application also Another embodiment may be provided. As shown in FIG. 5, the length direction of the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third pixel defining hole 313 is perpendicular to the longitudinal extension direction of the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 .
  • the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third pixel defining hole 313 are arranged along the Y direction, and the X direction is the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third pixel defining The length direction of the hole 313.
  • the first electrode may include a strip-shaped electrode, and each strip-shaped electrode may correspond to a plurality of organic light-emitting blocks, and each pixel defining hole corresponds to at least one strip-shaped electrode disposed.
  • the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 included in the first electrode layer 2 are strip electrodes that extend longitudinally in the same direction. As shown in FIG. 6, the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 are arranged along the X direction and toward Y The direction extends longitudinally.
  • the light-emitting layer 4 may include organic light-emitting blocks 41, 42 and 43, and the organic light-emitting blocks 41, 42 and 43 are all provided corresponding to the strip electrodes 21.
  • the pixel defining hole 31 may include a first pixel defining hole 311, a second pixel defining hole 312, and a third pixel defining hole 313 arranged in the X direction, that is, the X pixel direction is the first pixel defining hole 311,
  • the width direction of the second pixel defining hole 312 and the third pixel defining hole 313, and the Y direction is the length direction of the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third pixel defining hole 313.
  • the first pixel defining hole 311 corresponds to the first electrode 21
  • the second pixel defining hole 312 corresponds to the first electrode 22
  • the third pixel defining hole 313 corresponds to the first electrode 23.
  • the lengths of the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 in the Y direction can be completely exposed to achieve the purpose of increasing the effective light emitting area. Moreover, since the structure of the strip electrode is adopted, the processing difficulty of the first electrode layer 2 can be effectively reduced.
  • the length direction of the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third pixel defining hole 313 shown in FIG. 6 is parallel to the longitudinal extension directions of the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23, this application also Another embodiment may be provided. As shown in FIG. 7, the length direction of the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312 and the third pixel defining hole 313 is perpendicular to the longitudinal extension direction of the first electrodes 21, 22 and 23 .
  • the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third pixel defining hole 313 are arranged along the Y direction, and the X direction is the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third pixel defining The length direction of the hole 313.
  • the first electrode may include a plurality of strip electrodes, each strip electrode may correspond to a plurality of organic light-emitting blocks, and each pixel-defining hole corresponds to at least one strip electrode arrangement.
  • the first electrode layer 2 may include first electrodes 21, 22, and 23, and the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 are arranged along the X direction, then the longitudinal extension of the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 The direction is the Y direction.
  • the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 may each include a plurality of strip electrodes. Taking the first electrode 21 as an example, the first electrode 21 may include strip electrodes 214, 215. In an embodiment, it may further include three or more strip electrodes; the number of strip electrodes included in the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 may be the same or different, and this application is not limited.
  • the light-emitting layer 4 may include organic light-emitting blocks 41, 42, 43, and 44.
  • the organic light-emitting blocks 41 and 42 are provided corresponding to the strip electrodes 214, and the organic light-emitting blocks 43 and 44 are provided corresponding to the strip electrodes 215.
  • the pixel-defining hole 31 may include a first pixel-defining hole 311, a second pixel-defining hole 312, and a third pixel-defining hole 313 arranged in the X direction, that is, the X-direction is the first pixel-defining hole 311, the second pixel-defining hole 312
  • the width direction of the third pixel defining hole 313, and the Y direction are the longitudinal directions of the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third pixel defining hole 313. Furthermore, as shown in FIG.
  • the first pixel defining hole 311 may be provided corresponding to the strip electrodes 214 and 215 to adjust the length of the strip electrodes 214 and 215 in the Y direction Fully exposed, increase the effective luminous area.
  • the number of strip electrodes corresponding to the first pixel-defining hole 311, the second pixel-defining hole 312, and the third pixel-defining hole 313 may be equal or unequal, which is not limited in this application.
  • each pixel defining hole corresponds to two strip electrodes; in other cases, as shown in FIG. 9, the first pixel defining hole 311 and the second pixel defining hole 312 may correspond to two A strip electrode, and the third pixel defining hole 313 corresponds to a strip electrode.
  • the length direction of the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third pixel defining hole 313 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is parallel to the longitudinal extension directions of the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23, this Another embodiment may be provided in the application. As shown in FIG. 10, the length direction of the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third pixel defining hole 313 are longitudinal to the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 The extension direction is vertical.
  • the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third pixel defining hole 313 are arranged along the Y direction, and the X direction is the first pixel defining hole 311, the second pixel defining hole 312, and the third pixel defining The length direction of the hole 313.
  • the colors of the organic light-emitting blocks corresponding to the same strip electrode may be the same or different, and for the transparent OLED substrate 200, it may include multiple strip electrodes, and among the multiple strip electrodes
  • the color of the organic light-emitting blocks corresponding to one or more strip electrodes may be the same, and the color of the organic light-emitting blocks corresponding to one or more strip electrodes may also be different.
  • the longitudinal extension directions of the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 are all Y directions.
  • the first electrodes 21, 22, and 23 may also be arranged along the Y direction and extend longitudinally in the X direction, and details are not repeated herein.
  • the first electrodes in the same row may all be block electrodes or strip electrodes or include both block electrodes and strip electrodes; the electrode forms included in the first electrodes in different rows may also be different, For example, it may be that the first electrodes 21 are all strip electrodes or the first electrodes 22 are all bulk electrodes, and there may be other combinations, which will not be repeated here.
  • the organic light-emitting blocks corresponding to the first electrodes in the same row may have the same color.
  • the first electrode 21 corresponds to the organic light-emitting blocks 41, 42, 43, and 44.
  • the organic light-emitting blocks 41, 42, 43, and 44 may be red, and the organic light-emitting blocks corresponding to the first electrode 22 may be Green, and all organic light-emitting blocks corresponding to the first electrode 23 may be blue.
  • the colors of the organic light-emitting blocks corresponding to two adjacent rows of first electrodes may be different.
  • the first electrodes in every three rows may exhibit red, green, and blue colors in order to improve the display effect.
  • the first electrode 21 corresponds to a red organic light-emitting block
  • the first electrode 22 corresponds to a green organic light-emitting block
  • the first electrode 23 corresponds to a blue organic light-emitting block.
  • red, green and blue are used as the arrangement rule in FIG. 12, in other embodiments, the arrangement rule may be blue, green, red, green, blue, and so on, which is not limited in this application.
  • the sizes of the organic light-emitting blocks 41, 42, 43, and 44 are not smaller than the sizes of the pixel defining holes 311, 312, and 313.
  • the width of the first pixel defining hole 311 is D1
  • the width of the organic light-emitting block 41 is D2, then D2 ⁇ D1, so that the width of the first pixel defining hole 311 In the direction, it is ensured that the organic light-emitting block 41 can make contact with all the exposed first electrode layers 2, so as to increase the area of the organic light-emitting region S2 of the organic light-emitting block 41 as much as possible
  • the boundary of the effective light-emitting region S2 in the X direction is The boundary of the organic light emitting block 41 in the X direction is determined, and the boundary of the effective light emitting region S2 in the Y direction is determined by the boundary of the first pixel defining hole 3
  • the number of organic light-emitting blocks corresponding to the block electrodes and the strip electrodes described in the above embodiments is different.
  • the bulk electrode and the strip electrode are unified into an electrode block, so that it is convenient to state the structure and shape of the first electrode in the embodiment.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a transparent OLED substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the first electrode layer 2 may include a first electrode 21, a second electrode 22, and a third electrode 23, and the first electrode 21, the second electrode 22, and the third electrode 23 may be arranged along the Y direction and It extends longitudinally in the X direction.
  • the first electrodes 21, 22 and 23 may correspond to a plurality of rows of organic light-emitting blocks arranged along the X direction, and in the Y direction, two adjacent organic light-emitting blocks on the same first electrodes 21, 22 and 23 are misaligned, In order to improve the display uniformity of the transparent OLED substrate 200.
  • the first electrode 21, the second electrode 22, and the third electrode 23 may be arranged along the direction shown in X and extend longitudinally in the Y direction.
  • the distance between the central axes of two adjacent organic light-emitting blocks on the first electrode in the first direction is 0.5-2 times the size of the organic light-emitting blocks in the first direction.
  • the first electrode 23 corresponds to the organic light-emitting blocks 47 and 48 arranged in a misaligned manner in the Y direction.
  • the interval between the central axes of the organic light-emitting blocks 47 and 48 in the Y direction is The size in the Y direction is 0.5-2 times, in some embodiments, it may be 0.5 times, 1 times, 1.5 times, 2 times, etc., and this application is not limited.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a first electrode layer according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the first electrode may include a connecting portion and a plurality of first sub-electrodes, and the adjacent first sub-electrodes in the first direction are arranged in a staggered manner, each sub-electrode includes a plurality of electrode blocks, and the electrode blocks may be Block electrodes or strip electrodes.
  • the connecting portion is electrically connected to two adjacent electrode blocks to obtain a first electrode that extends longitudinally along the second direction and has a wave shape. In an embodiment, as shown in FIG.
  • the first electrode 23 may include a first sub-electrode 231 and a second sub-electrode 232, and the first sub-electrode 231 includes a plurality of bulk electrodes 2311. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the organic light-emitting blocks, and the second sub-electrode 232 may include a plurality of block electrodes 2321.
  • the first electrode 23 may further include a connecting portion 233 that connects two adjacent bulk electrodes. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 14, two adjacent bulk electrodes are connected by a connecting portion 233 to obtain a wave-shaped first electrode 23 extending in the X direction.
  • FIG. 15 to 21 are schematic structural diagrams of a first electrode layer according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Since the transparent OLED substrate 200 can allow external light to pass through, and there is a gap between the adjacent first electrodes, it is easy to diffract when the light passes through.
  • the two sides of each block electrode and each bar electrode are wavy, and the peaks of the two sides are oppositely arranged, The relative setting of the valley. Therefore, the gaps between the first electrodes of two adjacent rows appear as continuous changes or intermittent changes in the extending direction (the Y direction in FIG. 15 ). In the longitudinal extension direction of the first electrode 21, regardless of whether its width changes continuously or intermittently, it may be a periodic change, and the length of one change period may correspond to the width of one pixel.
  • the transparent OLED substrate 200 may be provided with a plurality of rows of wavy first electrodes, so that in the longitudinal extension direction of the first electrode, the width of the first electrode continuously or intermittently changes, so that the adjacent first The electrodes have a continuously varying pitch or an intermittently varying pitch. Therefore, between different width positions of the first electrode and different distances between adjacent first electrodes, the positions of the generated diffraction fringes are different, and the derivative effects at different positions cancel each other, which can effectively reduce the diffraction effect, which is beneficial to improve the position The photographing effect of the camera below the transparent OLED substrate 200.
  • the bulk electrode 211 is provided corresponding to the organic light-emitting block 41, and the bulk electrode 212 is provided corresponding to the organic light-emitting block 42.
  • the bulk electrodes 211 and 212 may each include one or more peaks and one or more valleys. Taking the bulk electrode 211 as an example, as shown in FIG. 15, the position indicated by T is a peak, and the position indicated by B is a valley.
  • the distance D3 between the peaks of the two sides is between 30um and (AX)um; the distance D4 between the valleys of the two sides is greater than X and less than the distance D3 between the peaks, where A is organic
  • the size of the light-emitting block, X is the width value at the smallest electrode size, and the A is greater than or equal to (30+X)um.
  • X may be 4 microns, in other embodiments, X may be less than 4 microns.
  • the spacing between adjacent first electrodes also changes accordingly.
  • the peaks of the two rows of first electrodes have a minimum distance W1 between opposite positions, and the valleys of the two rows of first electrodes have a maximum distance W2 between them.
  • the minimum pitch W1 is (A-D3)
  • the maximum pitch W2 is (A-D4).
  • the shape of the projection of the bulk electrode and the strip electrode included in the first electrode on the substrate may include at least one first graphic unit, so that the above-mentioned peaks and troughs can be formed.
  • the first graphic unit may be circular, oval, dumbbell-shaped, gourd-shaped, or rectangular.
  • the bulk electrodes 211 and 212 are composed of multiple circles; in some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 17, the bulk electrode 211 may be composed of multiple ellipses; In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 18, the bulk electrode 211 may be composed of multiple dumbbells.
  • the bulk electrode 211 may also be composed of multiple gourd shapes, where the gourd shape may be composed of two circles.
  • the bulk electrode included in the first electrode 21 may also be composed of a first pattern unit.
  • each first electrode 21 is composed of a gourd-shaped pattern unit.
  • the bulk electrode 211 since the bulk electrode 211 is composed of an elliptical pattern unit, then the bulk electrode 211 only includes peaks and no troughs, so correspondingly, two rows of bulk electrodes 211 There is only a minimum spacing.
  • the shape of the projection of the light-emitting structure block on the substrate may include at least one second graphic unit, so that the above-mentioned peaks and troughs may be formed.
  • the second graphic unit may include a circle, an ellipse, a dumbbell, a gourd, or a rectangle.
  • the shape of the organic light-emitting block 41 provided for the bulk electrode 211 may be the same as the shape of the bulk electrode 211. In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 16, the shapes of the organic light-emitting blocks 47 and 41 provided corresponding to the bulk electrode 211 may be different from the shape of the bulk electrode 211.
  • the sides of the block electrodes included in the first electrode 21 may also be straight sides, and each block electrode 211 may be rectangular, for example, square or rectangular. This application is not restricted.
  • the organic light-emitting block 41 corresponding to the rectangular block electrode 211 may also be rectangular.
  • the organic light-emitting block 41 corresponding to the rectangular block electrode may also be circular or elliptical.
  • the first electrode layer 2 or the second electrode layer 5 may be made of a transparent material, or both the first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode layer 5 are made of a transparent material .
  • the light transmittance of the transparent material may be greater than or equal to 90%, so that the light transmittance of the transparent OLED substrate 200 is further improved, for example, the light transmittance of the entire transparent OLED substrate 200 may be more than 80%.
  • the transparent material may specifically include one or more of indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, silver-doped indium tin oxide, and silver-doped indium zinc oxide.
  • the light-emitting layer 4 may include an organic light-emitting material layer 45 and a common layer 46.
  • the organic light-emitting material layer 45 may include a plurality of independent individuals to form corresponding organic light-emitting blocks.
  • the common layer 46 may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer, at least one of the hole injection layer, hole transport layer, electron transport layer, and electron injection layer covers the first electrode The gap between the layer 2 and the adjacent first electrode, so that the first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode layer 5 can be isolated by one or more layers in the common layer 46 to avoid short circuit.
  • the transparent OLED substrate 200 may further include a transparent support layer 6.
  • the transparent support layer 6 may be formed between two adjacent organic light-emitting blocks. For example, it may be located between the organic light-emitting blocks 41 and 42, or between the organic light-emitting blocks 42 and 43.
  • the transparent supporting layer 6 may also be formed on the pixel defining layer 3, which is not limited in this application.
  • the transparent supporting layer 6 can be made of transparent organic materials or transparent inorganic materials.
  • Fig. 25 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the display panel 300 may include an encapsulation layer 301 and the transparent OLED substrate 200 described in any of the above embodiments, and the encapsulation layer 301 is located on the side of the transparent OLED substrate 200 away from the substrate.
  • the encapsulation layer 301 may be made of a transparent material to prevent light entering the transparent OLED substrate 200 or light exiting the transparent OLED substrate 200 from being blocked.
  • the encapsulation layer 301 may include an encapsulation cover plate, and the encapsulation cover plate may be fixed by means of film packaging, frit packaging, or UVA adhesive packaging, which is not limited in this application.
  • Fig. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 26, an OLED substrate 400 is also provided.
  • the OLED substrate 400 may include a first OLED substrate 401 and a second OLED substrate 402.
  • the first OLED substrate 401 may be the transparent OLED substrate described in any of the above embodiments, and the second OLED substrate may be a non-transparent substrate; and, the second OLED substrate 402 may include a substrate, formed on the The third electrode layer on the substrate, the light emitting layer formed on the third electrode layer, and the fourth electrode layer formed on the light emitting layer, and the first OLED substrate 401 and the second OLED substrate 402 may share the same substrate
  • the light-emitting layers of the first OLED substrate 401 and the second OLED substrate 402 can be formed in the same process to reduce the number of masks and reduce production costs.
  • the cathodes of the first OLED substrate 401 and the second OLED substrate 402 may also be formed in the same process or different processes, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first OLED substrate 401 is surrounded by the second OLED substrate 402; or, in other embodiments, the first OLED substrate 401 may be entirely surrounded by the second OLED substrate 402 surrounds; or it may be that one side edge of the first OLED substrate 401 is in contact with the opposite side edge of the second OLED substrate 402.
  • the first OLED substrate 401 may be semi-circular as shown in FIG. 26; or, in other embodiments, the first OLED substrate 401 may also be circular, rectangular, or elliptical.
  • the second OLED substrate 402 may be an AMOLED substrate or an AMOLED-like substrate
  • the third electrode layer in the AMOLED-like substrate includes a plurality of third electrodes
  • the AMOLED-like substrate further includes a plurality of third electrodes The electrodes are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the transistors, the drain of the transistor is connected to the corresponding third electrode, the source of the transistor is connected to the data signal, and the gate of the transistor is connected to the switching signal.
  • Fig. 27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display screen according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • a display screen 500 is also provided.
  • the display screen 500 may include an encapsulation layer 501 and the OLED substrate 400 described in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the encapsulation layer 501 is located on the OLED substrate 400 away from the substrate
  • a photosensitive device may be provided on one side of and under the first OLED substrate 401.
  • the display screen 500 may include a transparent display area corresponding to the first OLED substrate 401 and a non-transparent display area corresponding to the second OLED substrate 402.
  • the photosensitive device under the first OLED substrate 401 can receive external light through the transparent display area or emit light outward.
  • the transparent display area When the photosensitive device is in the working state, the transparent display area can be switched to the non-display state, and when the photosensitive device is in the off state, the transparent display area can be switched to the display state.
  • the encapsulation layer 501 may include a polarizer (not shown in the figure), and the polarizer may cover the area corresponding to the second OLED substrate and not cover the area corresponding to the first OLED substrate, so as to avoid the influence of the polarizer on the outside Of incident light and/or light from electronic equipment.
  • a display device 600 may include a device body 601 and the display screen 500 described in any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the display screen 500 is provided on the device body 601 and is connected to the device body 601 are connected to each other.
  • the display screen 500 may use the display screen in any of the foregoing embodiments to display static or dynamic images.
  • Fig. 29 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus body 601 may include a device area 6011, which may be provided with a photosensitive device such as a camera 700 and a light sensor.
  • the transparent display area of the display screen 500 is set corresponding to the device area 6011, so that the photosensitive device can perform operations such as collecting external light through the display area. Since the display panel can effectively improve the diffraction effect generated when external light passes through the display area, it can effectively improve the quality of the image captured by the camera 700 on the display device, avoid image distortion due to diffraction, and also enhance the light sensor to sense external The accuracy and sensitivity of light.
  • the display device may be any product or component with a display function such as a liquid crystal display device, electronic paper, mobile phone, tablet computer, television, display, notebook computer, digital photo frame, or navigator.
  • a display function such as a liquid crystal display device, electronic paper, mobile phone, tablet computer, television, display, notebook computer, digital photo frame, or navigator.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种透明OLED基板、显示面板、OLED基板。透明OLED基板包括：衬底；第一电极层，所述第一电极层形成于所述衬底上；像素限定层，所述像素限定层形成于所述第一电极层上，所述像素限定层包括多个贯穿所述像素限定层至所述第一电极层的像素限定孔，且所述第一电极层被暴露的面积等于所述像素限定孔的面积；；发光层，所述发光层形成于所述像素限定层上，包括有机发光块；第二电极层，所述第二电极层形成于所述发光层上；其中，每一所述像素限定孔对应多个所述有机发光块。

Description

透明OLED基板、显示面板及OLED基板 技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域。
背景技术
在显示领域中，为了实现对每一子像素显示状态的控制，通常需要为其配置对应的控制电路。并且，本领域中也可以通过设置黑矩阵遮蔽控制电路，避免屏幕的显示效果异常。
其中，每一子像素中黑色矩阵与该子像素的整体面积之比称之为开口率，该开口率决定了每一子像素光线穿过的效率，并与屏幕的亮度呈现一定的相关性。
发明内容
为提高有机发光块的开口率，本申请提供一种透明OLED基板、显示面板、OLED基板、显示屏及显示装置。
根据本申请实施例的第一方面，提供一种透明OLED基板，包括：
衬底；
第一电极层，所述第一电极层形成于所述衬底上；
像素限定层，所述像素限定层形成于所述第一电极层上，所述像素限定层包括多个贯穿所述像素限定层至所述第一电极层的像素限定孔，且所述第一电极层被暴露的面积等于所述像素限定孔的面积；
发光层，所述发光层形成于所述像素限定层上，包括有机发光块；和
第二电极层，所述第二电极层形成于所述发光层上；
其中，每一所述像素限定孔对应多个所述有机发光块。
可选的，所述第一电极层包括沿第一方向设置的多排第一电极，所述第一电极的纵向沿所述第一方向或第二方向延伸，所述第一方向与所述第二方向垂直，所述第二电极层为面电极。第一电极层上的第一电极采用规律性排布，能够有效降低加工难度，并且所述第二电极层采用面电极结构，能够进一步简化工艺步骤，降低生产成本。
可选的，所述第一电极包括至少一个块状电极，所述块状电极与所述有机发光块一一对应；
其中，每一所述像素限定孔对应于至少一个所述块状电极。每一块状电极对应一个有机发光块，从而可以在对应块状电极上蒸镀有机发光块，有效降低混色风险。
可选的，所述第一电极包括至少一条条状电极，每一所述条状电极对应多个所述有机发光块；
其中，每一所述像素限定孔对应至少一个所述条状电极设置。采用条状电极能够有效降低对所述第一电极层的加工难度，并且由于每一条状电极对应多个所述有机发光块，因此在所述有机发光块相等的情况下，能够减少所述条状电极的数量，降低光线衍射概率。
可选的，同一排所述第一电极对应的所述有机发光块颜色相同。能够有效避免混色。
可选的，相邻的两排所述第一电极对应的有机发光块颜色相同或不同。通过相邻两排第一电极上有机发光块之间的配合，能够丰富OLED基板对应显示区域的显示状态，提升显示效果。
可选的，所述像素限定孔的长度方向与所述第一方向垂直或者平行。
可选的，在所述像素限定孔的宽度方向上，所述有机发光块的尺寸不小于对应的所述像素限定孔的尺寸。在所述像素限定孔的宽度方向上，使得有机发光块覆盖被像素限定孔暴露的宽度，以尽可能增加有效显示区域。
可选的，每一所述第一电极对应沿所述第一方向设置的多排所述有机发光块，且同一所述第一电极在所述第一方向上相邻的两个所述有机发光块错位设置。由于在所述第一方向上相邻的两个所述有机发光块错位设置，从而在第二方向上的每一长度处均可排布有机发光块，提升显示效果。
可选的，所述第一电极上相邻的两个所述有机发光块的中轴线在所述第一方向上的间距为所述有机发光块在第一方向上尺寸的0.5-2倍。
可选的，每一所述第一电极包括：
多个第一子电极，多个所述第一子电极错位排列，每一第一子电极包括多个电极块；和
连接部，所述连接部电性连接相邻的两个电极块，以得到沿第二方向延伸的、呈波浪形的所述第一电极。
可选的，所述第一电极包括块状电极和/或条状电极，且在所述第二方向上，每一所述块状电极和每一所述条状电极的两条边均为波浪形，且两条边的波峰相对设置、波谷相对设置。因此在第一电极的不同宽度位置以及相邻第一电极的不同间距之间，产生的衍射条纹的位置不同，不同位置处的衍生效应相互抵消，从而可以有效减弱衍射效应。
可选的，两条边的波峰相对处的宽度在30um～(A-X)um之间；
两条边的波谷相对处的宽度大于X，且小于所述波峰相对处的宽度，其中A为有机发光块的尺寸，X为电极尺寸最小处的宽度值，且所述A大于或等于(30+X)um。
可选的，所述第一电极包括块状电极和/或条状电极，每一所述块状电极或者所述每一所述条状电极在所述衬底上的投影的形状包括至少一个第一图形单元；所述第一图形单元为圆形、椭圆形、哑铃形、葫芦形或矩形；
所述有机发光块在所述衬底上的投影的形状包括至少一个第二图形单元；所述第二图形单元为圆形、椭圆形、哑铃形、葫芦形或矩形。
可选的，所述第一电极层和/或所述第二电极层采用透明材质制成；
优选的，透明材质的透光率大于或等于90％。
优选的，所述透明材质包括氧化铟锡、氧化铟锌、掺杂银的氧化铟锡和掺杂银的氧化铟锌中一种或者多种。
可选的，所发光层包括有机发光材料层和公共层；
所述公共层包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子传输层及电子注入层，所述公共层中的至少一层覆盖所述第一电极层及相邻所述第一电极之间的间隙。如此，一方面可以有效降低在公共层上覆盖第一电极层及相邻所述第一电极之间的间隙的层结构的加工难度，另一方面可以通过该层结构隔离第一电极层和第二电极层，避免短路。
可选的，还包括：
透明支撑层，所述透明支撑层形成在相邻两个所述有机发光块之间的所述第一电极层上；或者，所述透明支撑层形成在所述像素限定层上。通过透明支撑层制成掩膜(mask)，为加工提供支持，且支撑层为透明结构，可以有效降低对光线的阻挡，提升透明OLED基板的整体透过率。
可选的，所述第二电极层包括第二电极；
所述第二电极为单层结构或叠层结构，所述第二电极为单层结构时，所述第二电极为单层金属层、或单层金属混合物层、或单层透明金属氧化物层，所述第二电极为叠层结构时，所述第二电极为透明金属氧化物层与金属层的叠层、或所述第二电极为透明金属氧化物层与金属混合物层的叠层；或
所述第二电极材料中掺杂有金属时，所述第二电极的厚度大于或等于100埃且小于或等于500埃时，所述第二电极的厚度整体连续，且所述第四电极的透明度大于40％；或
所述第二电极材料中掺杂有金属时，所述第二电极的厚度大于或等于100埃且小于或等于200埃时，所述第二电极的厚度整体连续，且所述第二电极的透明度大于40％；或
所述第二电极材料中掺杂有金属时，所述第二电极的厚度大于或等于50埃且小于或等于200埃时，所述第二电极的厚度整体连续，且所述第二电极的透明度大于50％；或
所述第二电极材料中掺杂有金属时，所述第二电极的厚度大于或等于50埃且小于或等于200埃时，所述第二电极的厚度整体连续，且所述第二电极的透明度大于60％；或
所述第二电极为单层结构时，所述单层金属层材料为Al、Ag，所述单层金属混合物层材料为MgAg或掺杂Al的金属混合材料，所述透明金属氧化物为ITO或IZO。
根据本申请实施例的第二方面，提供一种显示面板，包括：
如上述任一项实施例所述的透明OLED基板；
封装层，所述封装层封装于所述透明OLED基板上远离所述衬底的一侧。
根据本申请实施例的第三方面，提供一种OLED基板，包括：
第一OLED基板，所述第一OLED基板为上述任一项实施例所述的透明OLED基板；
第二OLED基板，所述第二OLED基板为非透明OLED基板，所述第二OLED基板包括衬底、形成于所述衬底上的第三电极层、形成于所述第三电极层上的发光层及形成于发光层上的第四电极层；
所述第二OLED基板与所述第一OLED基板共用同一衬底，且所述第一OLED基板的发光层和所述第二OLED基板的发光层在同一工艺中形成。
第二OLED基板与所述第一OLED基板共用衬底，并且在同一工艺中形成发光层，能够有效降低工艺要求；而且，该OLED基板中采用上述实施例中所述的透明OLED基板，能够使得该透明OLED基板对应的区域可以在用于显示的同时，允许光线透过，从而配置该OLED基板的电子设备所包括的感光器件能够设置于该透明OLED基板的下方，以保证感光器件能够正常工作，并且不占用显示区域，从而有效提升屏占比。
由上述实施例可知，在本申请中像素限定孔的长度方向上，每一有机发光块的有效发光区域的长度等于有机发光材料在该方向上的实际加工长度，使得有机发光块的有效发光区域的面积相对较大，因而在黑色矩阵、像素面积等相同的情况下，能够有效提高开口率。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部，示出了符合本公开的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。
图1是一种基板的结构示意图。
图2是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的一种透明OLED基板的结构示意图之一。
图3是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的一种透明OLED基板的截面图。
图4-12是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的一种透明OLED基板的结构示意图之二。
图13是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的一种透明OLED基板的结构示意图之三。
图14是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的一种第一电极层的结构示意图之一。
图15-21是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的一种第一电极层的结构示意图之二。
图22是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的另一种透明OLED基板的截面图。
图23是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的又一种透明OLED基板的截面图。
图24是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的再一种透明OLED基板的截面图。
图25是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的一种显示面板的截面示意图。
图26是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的一种OLED基板的结构示意图。
图27是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的一种显示屏的截面示意图。
图28是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的一种显示装置的截面示意图。
图29是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的一种显示装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本申请相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本申请的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
在本申请使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请。在本申请和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。还应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”是指并包含一个或多个相关联的列出项目的任何或所有可能组合。
图1是一种阵列基板100的结构示意图。如图1所示，该阵列基板100可以包括像素限定层101和形成在该像素限定层101上的多个像素限定孔102，通过该像素限定孔102可以暴露形成在像素限定层101下方的电极，从而在将有机发光材料形成在像素限定孔102内时，能够使得该有机发光材料与像素限定层101下方的电极接触。
其中，每一像素限定孔102对应一个由有机发光材料组成的有机发光块。在工艺中，有机发光材料的覆盖区域103(如图1中虚线所示区域)需大于像素限定孔102的面积，从而保证被像素限定孔102暴露的电极层的每一区域均形成有有机发光材料。其中，位于像素限定孔102外围的一部分有机发光材料由于位于像素限定层101上，无法发光。换言之，每一有机发光材料对应的有效发光区域S1的边界由像素限定孔102的边界决定。
图2是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的透明OLED基板的结构示意图，图3是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的透明OLED基板的截面图。如图2和图3所示，本申请中提供一种透明OLED基板200，该透明OLED基板200可以包括衬底1、第一电极层2、像素限定层3、发光层4和第二电极层5。衬底1可以包括基板、无机层和有机层等叠层结构。该基板可以包括柔性基板或者刚性基板，其中柔性基板可以采用柔性材料制成，该柔性材料可以为聚酰亚胺(Polyimide，简称PI)，聚碳酸酯(Polycarbonate，简称PC)，聚对苯二甲酸类(Polyethylene terephthalate，简称PET)等；刚性基板可以采用有机玻璃制成。第一电极层2形成在衬底1上，像素限定层3形成在第一电极层2上，发光层4形成在像素限定层3上，第二电极层5形成在发光层4上。其中，发光层4可以包括多个有机发光块41、42和43；像素限定层3可以包括多个贯穿像素限定层3至第一电极层2的像素限定孔31，通过像素限定孔31将第一电极层2的一部分暴露，且第一电极层2被暴露的面积等于像素限定孔31的面积，该每一像素限定孔31可以对应多个有机发光块41、42和43。
如图2所示，像素限定孔31可以包括第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313；并且，在第一像素限定孔311内形成有有机发光块41、42和43，有机发光块41、42和43的有效发光区域S2的在X方向上的边界由像素限定孔31的边界决定，有效发光区域S2在Y方向上的边界由有机发光块41、42和43的蒸镀边界决定。那么，有机发光块41、42和43的有效发光区域S2在图2中所示的Y方向上的长度，等于有机发光材料在Y方向上的实际长度。换言之，可以增加有机发光块41、42和43在Y所示方向上的实际长度，从而在黑色矩阵相等、像素面积相等的情况下，可以增加透明OLED基板200的有效发光面积，提高开口率。
图4至图12是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的一种透明OLED基板的结构示意图。如图4所示，第一电极层2可以在衬底1上规律排布，以降低工艺难度。例如，如图4所示，该第一电极层2可以包括沿第一方向设置的多排第一电极，该第一电极的纵向沿第二方向延伸。其中，第一方向与第二方向垂直，在图4的示例中，第一方向为X方向，第二方向为Y方向。如图4所示，第一电极层2可以包括第一电极21、第一电极22和第一电极23，并且该第一电极21、22和23沿X方向并列排布，第一电极21、22和23的纵向延伸方向均为Y方向。
在一些实施例中，第一电极21、22和23可以沿图4中Y方向并列排布，第一电极21、22和23的纵向延伸方向均为X方向，本申请并不对此进行限制。在一些实施例中，第二电极层5可以为面电极，第二电极层5可以覆盖每一有机发光块41、42和43。其中，该第一电极层2可以为阳极层，第二电极层5可以为阴极层，，以通过阳极与阴极之间的压差使得有机发光块41、42和43块进行自发光。
在一实施例中，所述第二电极层5包括第二电极，所述第二电极可以为单层结构或叠层结构，所述第二电极为单层结构时，所述第二电极为单层金属层、单层金属混合物层或单层透明金属氧化物层；所述第二电极为叠层结构时，所述第二电极为透明金属氧化物层与金属层的叠层、或透明金属氧化物层与金属混合物层的叠层。
在一实施例中，所述第二电极的材料中掺杂有金属时，所述第二电极的厚度大于或等于100埃且小于或等于500埃，进一步地，所述第二电极的厚度大于或等于100埃且小于或等于200埃时，所述第二电极的厚度整体连续，且所述第二电极的透明度大于40％。
在一实施例中，所述第二电极的材料中掺杂有金属时，所述第二电极的厚度大于或等于50埃且小于或等于200埃时，所述第二电极的厚度整体连续，且所述第二电极的透明度大于50％，进一步地，第二电极的透明度大于60％。
在一实施例中，所述第二电极可以为单层结构，其中，所述单层金属层材料可以为Al或Ag，所述单层金属混合物层材料可以为MgAg或掺杂Al的金属混合材料；所述透明金属氧化物可以为ITO或IZO。
在一实施例中，第一电极可以包括多个块状电极，每一像素限定孔可以对应多个块状电极设置，该多个块状电极与多个有机发光块之间一一对应；并且，每一像素限定孔能够对应多个块状电极。在一实施例中，如图4所示，第一电极层2可以包括第一电极21、22和23，该第一电极21、22和23沿X方向依次排列并沿Y方向纵向延伸。其中，以第一电极21为例，该第一电极21可以包括块状电极211、212和213，在其他实施例中，第一电极21还可以包括两个、四个或者四个以上的块状电极；第一电极21、22和23所包括的块状电极的数量可以相同也可以不同，本申请并不限制。
在一实施例中，发光层4可以包括有机发光块41、42和43，像素限定孔31可以包括沿X方向排列的第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313，亦即X方向为第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的宽度方向，Y方向为第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的长度方向。如图4所示，有机发光块41与块状电极211接触，有机发光块42与块状电极212接触，有机发光块43与块状电极213接触；并且块状电极211、212和213均可以通过同一像素限定孔(即图4所示的第一像素限定孔311)暴露。在Y方向上，第一像素限定孔311暴露的每一块状电极211、212和213长度等于该块状电极211、212和213在Y所示方向上的实际长度，如此可以增加块状电极实际被暴露的长度，从而提高每一有机发光块的有效发光面积。
相对于图4所示的第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的长度方向与第一电极21、22和23纵向延伸方向平行的情况，本申请中还可以提供另一种实施方式，如图5所示，第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的长度方向与第一电极21、22和23纵向延伸方向垂直。亦即，第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313沿Y方向排列，且X方向为第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的长度方向。
在另一实施例中，第一电极可以包括条状电极，而且每一条状电极可以对应多个有机发光块，并且每一像素限定孔对应至少一个条状电极设置。第一电极层2所包括的第一电极21、22和23均为朝向同一方向纵向延伸的条状电极，如图6所示，第一电极21、22和23沿X方向排列，并朝Y方向纵向延伸。其中，发光层4可以包括有机发光块41、42和43，并且该有机发光块41、42和43均对应于条状电极21设置。
在一实施例中，像素限定孔31可以包括沿X方向排列的第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313，亦即X方向为第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的宽度方向，Y方向为第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的长度方向。如图6所示，该第一像素限定孔311对应于第一电极21设置，第二像素限定孔312对应于第一电极22设置，第三像素限定孔313对应于第一电极23设置。基于此，可以将第一电极21、22和23在Y方向上长度完全暴露，达到增加有效发光区域的目的。并且，由于采用了条状电极的结构，能够有效降低第一电极层2的加工难度。
相对于图6所示的第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的长度方向与第一电极21、22和23纵向延伸方向平行的情况，本申请中还可以提供另一种实施方式，如图7所示，第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的长度方向与第一电极21、22和23纵向延伸方向垂直。亦即，第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313沿Y方向排列，且X方向为第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的长度方向。
在一实施例中，第一电极可以包括多个条状电极，每一条状电极可以对应多个有机发光块，并且每一像素限定孔对应至少一个条状电极设置。如图8所示，第一电极层2可以包括第一电极21、22和23，且该第一电极21、22和23沿X方向进行排列，那么第一电极21、22和23的纵向延伸方向为Y方向。并且，第一电极21、22和23可以均可以包括多个条状电极，以第一电极21为例， 该第一电极21可以包括条状电极214、215。在一实施例中，还可以包括三个或者三个以上的条状电极；第一电极21、22和23所包括的条状电极的数量可以与相同也可以不同，本申请并不限制。
如图8所示，发光层4可以包括有机发光块41、42、43和44，有机发光块41和42对应于条状电极214设置、有机发光块43和44对应于条状电极215设置。像素限定孔31可以包括沿X方向排列的第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313，亦即X方向为第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的宽度方向，Y方向为第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的长度方向。而且，如图8所示，以第一像素限定孔311为例，该第一像素限定孔311可以对应于条状电极214和215设置，以在Y方向上将条状电极214、215的长度完全暴露，提升有效发光面积。
第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313所对应的条状电极数量可以相等也可以不相等，本申请并不进行限制。例如，如图8所示，每一像素限定孔均对应两根条状电极；在其他情况下，如图9所示，也可以是第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312对应两根条状电极，而第三像素限定孔313对应一根条状电极。
相对于图8和图9所示的第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的长度方向与第一电极21、22和23纵向延伸方向平行的情况，本申请中还可以提供另一种实施方式，如图10所示，第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的长度方向与第一电极21、22和23纵向延伸方向垂直。亦即，第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313沿Y方向排列，且X方向为第一像素限定孔311、第二像素限定孔312和第三像素限定孔313的长度方向。
在本实施例中，同一条状电极所对应的有机发光块的颜色可以相同也可以不同，而且对于透明OLED基板200而言，其可以包括多根条状电极，在该多根条状电极中，一根或者多根条状电极所对应的有机发光块颜色可以相同，同时一根或者多根条状电极所对应的有机发光块颜色亦可以不同。
在上述图4至图10所示实施例中，第一电极21、22和23的纵向延伸方向均为Y方向。在一实施例中，如图11所示，该第一电极21、22和23也可以是沿Y方向排列，并朝X方向纵向延伸，在此不再一一赘述。此外，针对同一透明OLED基板，同一排的第一电极可以均为块状电极或者条状电极或者同时包括块状电极和条状电极；不同排的第一电极所包括的电极形式也可以不同，例如，可以是第一电极21均为条状电极或第一电极22均为块状电极，还可以存在其他组合方式，在此不再一一赘述。
在一些实施例中，同一排第一电极对应的有机发光块颜色可以相同。如图12所示，第一电极21对应有机发光块41、42、43和44，该有机发光块41、42、43和44均可以为红色，第一电极22对应的有机发光块均可以为绿色，第一电极23对应的有机发光块均可以为蓝色。
在一实施例中，相邻的两排第一电极对应的有机发光块颜色可以不同。在一些实施例中，每三排第一电极可以表现出红绿蓝颜色依次排布，以提升显示效果。例如，如图12所示，第一电极21对应为红色有机发光块，第一电极22对应为绿色有机发光块，第一电极23对应为蓝色有机发光块。其中，图12中以红绿蓝为排布规律进行排列，在其他实施例中也可以是蓝绿红、绿蓝红等排布规律，本申请并不对此进行限制。
在一实施例中，如图12所示，在Y方向上，有机发光块41、42、43和44的尺寸不小于像素限定孔311、312和313的尺寸。以有机发光块41为例，在一实施例中，第一像素限定孔311的宽度为D1，有机发光块41的宽度为D2，那么该D2≥D1，从而在第一像素限定孔311的宽度方向上，保证有机发光块41能够与被暴露的全部第一电极层2进行接触，从而尽可能增加有机发光块41的有机发光区域S2的面积，该有效发光区域S2在X方向上的边界由有机发光块41在X方向上的边界决定，有效发光区域S2在Y方向上的边界由第一像素限定孔311的边界决定。
上述实施例中所述的块状电极和条状电极对应的有机发光块数量不同。在即将陈述的实施例中，将块状电极和条状电极统一为电极块，以便于在实施例中针对第一电极的结构和形状进行陈述。
图13是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的透明OLED基板的结构示意图。如图13所示，第一电极层2可以包括第一电极21、第二电极22和第三电极23，且该第一电极21、第二电极22和第三电极23可以沿Y方向排列并沿X方向纵向延伸。其中，第一电极21、22和23可以对应沿X方向设置的多列有机发光块，并且在Y方向上，同一第一电极21、22和23上相邻的两个有机发光块错位设置，以提升透明OLED基板200的显示均匀性。在一实施例中，该第一电极21、第二电极22 和第三电极23可以沿X所示方向排列并沿Y方向纵向延伸。
在一实施例中，第一电极上相邻两个有机发光块的中轴线在第一方向上的间距为有机发光块在第一方向上尺寸的0.5-2倍。如图13所示，第一电极23在Y方向上对应错位排布的有机发光块47和48，那么，该有机发光块47、48的中轴线在Y方向上的间距为有机发光块47在Y向上的尺寸的0.5-2倍，在一些实施例中，可以是0.5倍、1倍、1.5倍、2倍等，本申请并不进行限制。
图14是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的第一电极层的结构示意图。在一些实施例中，第一电极可以包括连接部和多个第一子电极，在第一方向上相邻的第一子电极错位排列，每一子电极包括多个电极块，电极块可以为块状电极或者条状电极。该连接部电性连接相邻的两个电极块，以得到沿第二方向纵向延伸且呈波浪形的第一电极。在一实施例中，如图13所示，第一电极23可以包括第一子电极231和第二子电极232，且第一子电极231包括多个块状电极2311，该块状电极2311与有机发光块之间一一对对应，第二子电极232可以包括多个块状电极2321。该第一电极23还可以包括连接部233，该连接部233连接相邻的两个块状电极。在一些实施例中，如图14所示，通过连接部233连接相邻的两个块状电极，可以得到沿X向延伸且呈波浪形的第一电极23。
图15至图21是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的一种第一电极层的结构示意图。由于透明OLED基板200可以允许外部光线透过，而相邻的第一电极之间存在间隔，导致光线穿设时容易发生衍射。在一些实施例中，如图15所示，在第一电极的纵向延伸方向上，每一块状电极和每一条状电极的两条边均为波浪形，且两条边的波峰相对设置、波谷相对设置。因此，相邻两排第一电极的间隙在延伸方向(图15中Y方向)呈现为连续变化或者间断变化。第一电极21在其纵向延伸方向上，无论其宽度是连续变化还是间断变化都可以为周期性变化，一个变化周期的长度可以对应于一个像素的宽度。
在一实施例中，透明OLED基板200可以设置有多排波浪形的第一电极，以在第一电极的纵向延伸方向上，第一电极的宽度连续变化或者间断变化，从而使得相邻第一电极具有连续变化的间距或者间断变化的间距。因此在第一电极的不同宽度位置以及相邻第一电极的不同间距之间，产生的衍射条纹的位置不同，不同位置处的衍生效应相互抵消，从而可以有效减弱衍射效应，进而有利于提高位于该透明OLED基板200下方的摄像头的拍照效果。
在一实施例中，如图15所示，块状电极211对应于有机发光块41设置，块状电极212对应于有机发光块42设置。块状电极211和212均可以包括一个或者多个波峰和一个或者多个波谷。以块状电极211为例，如图15所示，T所示位置处为波峰，B所示位置处为波谷。其中，两条边的波峰相对处的间距D3在30um～(A-X)um之间；两条边的波谷相对处的间距D4大于X，且小于所述波峰相对处的间距D3，其中A为有机发光块的尺寸，X为电极尺寸最小处的宽度值，且所述A大于或等于(30+X)um。在一些实施例中X可以为4微米，在其他的实施例中X可以还可以小于4微米。
由于第一电极的边呈波浪形变化，从而导致相邻第一电极之间的间距亦随之产生变化。在一实施例中，如图15所示，两排第一电极的波峰相对处间具有最小间距W1，并在两排第一电极的波谷位置相对处具有最大间距W2。其中，最小间距W1为(A-D3)，最大间距W2为(A-D4)。
在一些实施例中，第一电极所包括的块状电极和条状电极在衬底上的投影的形状可以包括至少一个第一图形单元，从而能够形成上述所述的波峰和波谷。第一图形单元可以为圆形、椭圆形、哑铃形、葫芦形或矩形。如图15和图16中所示，块状电极211和212均是由多个圆形组成；在一些实施例中，如图17所示，块状电极211可以由多个椭圆形组成；在一些实施例中，如图18所示，块状电极211可以由多个哑铃形组成。在一些实施例中，块状电极211也可以由多个葫芦形组成，其中葫芦形可以通过两个圆形组成。
在一实施例中，第一电极21所包括的块状电极也可以由一个第一图形单元组成。例如，图19中所示，每个第一电极21均由一个葫芦形的图形单元组成。在一实施例中，如图20所示，由于块状电极211由一个椭圆形的图形单元组成，那么，块状电极211仅包括波峰，不存在波谷，从而相应的，两列块状电极211间仅存在最小间距。
在一些实施例中，发光结构块在衬底上的投影的形状可以包括至少一个第二图形单元，从而可以形成上述的波峰和波谷。该第二图形单元可以包括圆形、椭圆形、哑铃形、葫芦形或矩形。
在一些实施例中，以块状电极211为例，如图15所示，对应块状电极211设置的有机发光块41形状可以与该块状电极211的形状相同。在一些实施例中，如图14和图16所示，对应块状电极211设置的有机发光块47和41形状可以与该块状电极211的形状不同。
在另一实施例中，如图21所示，第一电极21所包括的块状电极的边也可以是直边，每一块状电极211可以为矩形，例如可以是正方形也可以是长方形，本申请并不限制。在一实施例中，如图21所示，呈矩形的块状电极211所对应的有机发光块41也可以为矩形，当然，在其他实施例中，该呈矩形的块状电极所对应的有机发光块也可以是圆形或者椭圆形等。
图22至图24是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的另一种透明OLED基板的截面图。在一实施例中，如图22所示，第一电极层2或者第二电极层5可以采用透明材料制成，或者，该第一电极层2和第二电极层5均采用透明材料制成。其中，该透明材料的透光率可以大于等于90％，如此使得透明OLED基板200的透光率进一步提高，例如可以使得整个透明OLED基板200的透光率在80％以上。该透明材质具体可以包括氧化铟锡、氧化铟锌、掺杂银的氧化铟锡和掺杂银的氧化铟锌中一种或者多种。
如图22所示，发光层4可以包括有机发光材料层45和公共层46。其中，有机发光材料层45可以包括多个独立的个体，以形成对应的有机发光块。公共层46可以包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子传输层及电子注入层，该空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子传输层及电子注入层中的至少一层覆盖第一电极层2以及相邻第一电极之间的间隙，从而可以通过该公共层46中一层或者多层隔离第一电极层2和第二电极层5，避免短路。
如图23所示，透明OLED基板200还可以包括透明支撑层6。该透明支撑层6可以形成在相邻两个有机发光块之间。例如，可以位于有机发光块41和42之间，或者位于有机发光块42和43之间。在另一实施例中，如图24所示，该透明支撑层6也可以形成在像素限定层3上，本申请并不进行限制。其中，该透明支撑层6可以采用透明有机材料或者透明无机材料制成。
图25是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的显示面板的截面示意图。如图25所示，显示面板300可以包括封装层301和上述任一项实施例中所述的透明OLED基板200，且封装层301位于透明OLED基板200上远离衬底的一侧。该封装层301可以采用透明材料成，以避免射入透明OLED基板200的光线或者射出透明OLED基板200的光线被阻挡。该封装层301可以包括封装盖板，该封装盖板可以采用薄膜封装或者frit封装或者UVA胶封装的方式进行固定，本申请并不进行限制。
图26是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的OLED基板的结构示意图。如图26所示，还提供一种OLED基板400，该OLED基板400可以包括第一OLED基板401和第二OLED基板402。其中，第一OLED基板401可以为上述任一项实施例中所述的透明OLED基板，第二OLED基板可以为非透明基板；并且，该第二OLED基板402可以包括衬底、形成于所述衬底上的第三电极层、形成于所述第三电极层上的发光层及形成于发光层上的第四电极层，且第一OLED基板401和第二OLED基板402可以共用同一衬底，第一OLED基板401和第二OLED基板402的发光层可以在同一工艺中形成，以减少mask张数，降低生产成本。进一步地，第一OLED基板401和第二OLED基板402的阴极也可以是在同一工艺中形成或者不同工艺中形成，本申请并不对此进行限制。
在一实施例中，如图26所示，至少部分第一OLED基板401的被第二OLED基板402包围；或者，在其他实施例中，也可以是第一OLED基板401全部被第二OLED基板402包围；或者也可以是第一OLED基板401的一侧边缘与第二OLED基板402的相对侧边缘接触。其中，该第一OLED基板401可以是如图26中所示的半圆形；或者，在其他实施例中，第一OLED基板401也可以是圆形、矩形或者椭圆形。
在一实施例中，该第二OLED基板402可以为AMOLED基板或者类AMOLED基板，该类AMOLED基板中的第三电极层包括多个第三电极，所述类AMOLED基板还包括与多个第三电极一一对应设置的晶体管，所述晶体管的漏极连接至对应的第三电极，所述晶体管的源极连接数据信号，所述晶体管的栅极连接开关信号。
图27是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的显示屏的截面示意图。如图27所示，还提供一种显示屏500，该显示屏500可以包括封装层501和上述任一项实施例中所述的OLED基板400，该封装层501位于OLED基板400上远离衬底的一侧并且在第一OLED基板401的下方可以设置感光器件。显示屏500可以包括对应于第一OLED基板401的透明显示区域和对应于第二OLED基板402的非透明显示区域。位于第一OLED基板401下方的感光器件可以透过透明显示区域接收外部光线或者向外发射光线。在当感光器件处于工作状态时，透明显示区域可以切换至非显示状态，当感光器件处于关闭状态时，透明显示区域可以切换至显示状态。其中，该封装层501可以包括偏光片(图中未示出)，该偏光片可以覆盖第二OLED基板对应的区域，且未覆盖第一OLED基板对应的区域， 以避免偏光片的设置影响外部的入射光线和/或电子设备发出的光线。
28是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的显示装置的截面示意图。如图28所示的一种显示装置600，该显示装置600可以包括装置本体601和上述任一项实施例所述的显示屏500，显示屏500设置在装置本体601上，且与该装置本体601相互连接。其中，显示屏500可以采用前述任一实施例中的显示屏，用以显示静态或者动态画面。
图29是本申请根据一示例性实施例示出的显示装置的结构示意图。如图29所示，装置本体601可以包括器件区6011，该器件区6011可以设置有诸如摄像头700以及光传感器等感光器件。显示屏500的透明显示区域对应于器件区6011设置，以使得感光器件能够透过显示区域对外部光线进行采集等操作。由于显示面板能够有效改善外部光线透射显示区域时所产生的衍射效应，从而可有效提升显示装置上摄像头700所拍摄图像的质量，避免因衍射而导致图像失真，同时也能提升光传感器感测外部光线的精准度和敏感度。
该显示装置可以为液晶显示装置、电子纸、手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框或导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
本领域技术人员可以理解附图只是一个优选实施例的示意图，附图中的模块或流程并不一定是实施本申请所必须的。以上所述仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种透明OLED基板，包括：
    衬底；
    第一电极层，所述第一电极层形成于所述衬底上；
    像素限定层，所述像素限定层形成于所述第一电极层上，所述像素限定层包括多个贯穿所述像素限定层至所述第一电极层的像素限定孔，且所述第一电极层被暴露的面积等于所述像素限定孔的面积；
    发光层，所述发光层形成于所述像素限定层上，包括有机发光块；和
    第二电极层，所述第二电极层形成于所述发光层上；
    其中，每一所述像素限定孔对应多个所述有机发光块。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的透明OLED基板，其中，所述第一电极层包括沿第一方向设置的多排第一电极，所述第一电极的纵向沿所述第一方向或第二方向延伸，所述第一方向与所述第二方向垂直，所述第二电极层为面电极。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的透明OLED基板，其中，所述第一电极包括至少一个块状电极，所述块状电极与所述有机发光块一一对应；
    其中，每一所述像素限定孔对应于至少一个所述块状电极。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的透明OLED基板，其中，所述第一电极包括至少一条条状电极，每一所述条状电极对应多个所述有机发光块；
    其中，每一所述像素限定孔对应至少一个所述条状电极设置。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的透明OLED基板，其中，同一排所述第一电极对应的所述有机发光块颜色相同；相邻的两排所述第一电极对应的所述有机发光块颜色相同或不同。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的透明OLED基板，其中，所述像素限定孔的长度方向与所述第一方向垂直或者平行；
    在所述像素限定孔的宽度方向上，所述有机发光块的尺寸不小于对应的所述像素限定孔的尺寸。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的透明OLED基板，其中，每一所述第一电极对应沿所述第一方向设置的多排所述有机发光块，且同一所述第一电极在所述第一方向上相邻的两个所述有机发光块错位设置。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的透明OLED基板，其中，所述第一电极上相邻的两个所述有机发光块的中轴线在所述第一方向上的间距为所述有机发光块在所述第一方向上尺寸的0.5-2倍。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的透明OLED基板，其中，所述第一电极包括：
    多个第一子电极，多个所述第一子电极错位排列，每一所述第一子电极包括多个电极块；和
    连接部，所述连接部电性连接相邻的两个所述电极块。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的透明OLED基板，其中，所述第一电极包括块状电极和/或条状电极，且在所述第二方向上，每一所述块状电极和每一所述条状电极的两条边均为波浪形，且两条边的波峰相对设置、波谷相对设置。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的透明OLED基板，其中，
    所述两条边的波峰相对处的间距在30um～(A-X)um之间；
    所述两条边的波谷相对处的间距大于X，且小于所述波峰相对处的宽度；
    其中A为有机发光块的尺寸，X为电极尺寸最小处的宽度值，且所述A大于或等于(30+X)um。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的透明OLED基板，其中，所述第一电极包括块状电极和/或条状电极，每一所述块状电极或者所述每一所述条状电极在所述衬底上的投影的形状包括至少一个第一图形单元，所述第一图形单元为圆形、椭圆形、哑铃形、葫芦形或矩形；
    所述有机发光块在所述衬底上的投影的形状包括至少一个第二图形单元；
    所述第二图形单元为圆形、椭圆形、哑铃形、葫芦形或矩形。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的透明OLED基板，其中，所述第一电极层和/或所述第二电极层采用透明材料制成。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的透明OLED基板，其中，所述透明材料的透光率大于或等于90％。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的透明OLED基板，其特征在于，所述发光层包括有机发光材料层和公共层；
    所述公共层包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子传输层及电子注入层，所述公共层中的至少一层覆盖所述第一电极层及相邻所述第一电极之间的间隙。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的透明OLED基板，其中，还包括：
    透明支撑层，所述透明支撑层形成在相邻两个所述有机发光块之间的所述第一电极层上；或者，所述透明支撑层形成在所述像素限定层上。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的透明OLED基板，其中，所述第二电极层包括第二电极；
    所述第二电极为单层结构或叠层结构，所述第二电极为单层结构时，所述第二电极为单层金属层、或单层金属混合物层、或单层透明金属氧化物层，所述第二电极为叠层结构时，所述第二电极 为透明金属氧化物层与金属层的叠层、或所述第二电极为透明金属氧化物层与金属混合物层的叠层；或
    所述第二电极材料中掺杂有金属时，所述第二电极的厚度大于或等于100埃且小于或等于500埃时，所述第二电极的厚度整体连续，且所述第四电极的透明度大于40％；或
    所述第二电极材料中掺杂有金属时，所述第二电极的厚度大于或等于100埃且小于或等于200埃时，所述第二电极的厚度整体连续，且所述第二电极的透明度大于40％；或
    所述第二电极材料中掺杂有金属时，所述第二电极的厚度大于或等于50埃且小于或等于200埃时，所述第二电极的厚度整体连续，且所述第二电极的透明度大于50％；或
    所述第二电极材料中掺杂有金属时，所述第二电极的厚度大于或等于50埃且小于或等于200埃时，所述第二电极的厚度整体连续，且所述第二电极的透明度大于60％；或
    所述第二电极为单层结构时，所述单层金属层材料为Al、Ag，所述单层金属混合物层材料为MgAg或掺杂Al的金属混合材料，所述透明金属氧化物为ITO或IZO。
  18. 一种显示面板，其中，包括：
    如权利要求1所述的透明OLED基板；和
    封装层，所述封装层封装于所述透明OLED基板上远离所述衬底的一侧。
  19. 一种OLED基板，其中，包括：
    第一OLED基板，所述第一OLED基板为如权利要求1所述的透明OLED基板；和
    第二OLED基板，所述第二OLED基板为非透明OLED基板，所述第二OLED基板包括衬底、形成于所述衬底上的第三电极层、形成于所述第三电极层上的发光层及形成于所述发光层上的第四电极层；
    所述第二OLED基板与所述第一OLED基板共用同一衬底，且所述第一OLED基板的发光层和所述第二OLED基板的发光层在同一工艺中形成；
    至少部分所述第一OLED基板被所述第二OLED基板包围。
PCT/CN2019/093321 2018-12-28 2019-06-27 透明oled基板、显示面板及oled基板 Ceased WO2020133985A1 (zh)

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