WO2020133707A1 - 光学指纹识别装置 - Google Patents

光学指纹识别装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020133707A1
WO2020133707A1 PCT/CN2019/077405 CN2019077405W WO2020133707A1 WO 2020133707 A1 WO2020133707 A1 WO 2020133707A1 CN 2019077405 W CN2019077405 W CN 2019077405W WO 2020133707 A1 WO2020133707 A1 WO 2020133707A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
optical fingerprint
refractive index
cover plate
fingerprint identification
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PCT/CN2019/077405
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘凡成
何剑
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武汉华星光电技术有限公司
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Priority to US16/470,691 priority Critical patent/US20200210670A1/en
Publication of WO2020133707A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020133707A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of fingerprint identification, and in particular to an optical fingerprint identification device.
  • the optical fingerprint recognition module is generally arranged below the display area.
  • the light used for fingerprint recognition must at least pass through the glass cover that contacts the finger. Due to the thickness of the glass cover, the light will be seriously refracted and scattered during the return process through the glass cover, resulting in the inability of the fingerprint image Clearly image on the optical fingerprint chip.
  • the invention provides an optical fingerprint identification device to solve the existing optical fingerprint identification module. Since the light used for fingerprint identification needs to pass through different media during the conduction process, the reflected light will be refracted and scattered, and then A problem that affects the sharpness of fingerprint imaging on the optical fingerprint chip, which in turn affects the reliability of fingerprint recognition.
  • the invention provides an optical fingerprint identification device, comprising: a substrate, a photosensitive element, a cover plate, and a collimating layer; the photosensitive element is provided on the substrate substrate; and the cover plate is provided on the photosensitive element
  • the collimating layer is provided between the cover plate and the photosensitive element, and two opposing surfaces of the collimating layer are provided with a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer; wherein, the collimating layer is It is formed by dispersing liquid crystal in solid organic polymer.
  • the material of the collimating layer is one of polymer dispersed liquid crystal and polymer network liquid crystal.
  • the optical fingerprint recognition device further includes an adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer is disposed between the cover plate and the collimating layer.
  • the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the long axis direction is equal to the refractive index of the polymer, the refractive index of the adhesive layer, and the refractive index of the cover plate.
  • the optical fingerprint recognition device further includes a backlight module, and the backlight module is disposed on a side of the substrate facing away from the photosensitive element.
  • the optical fingerprint recognition device further includes an OLED display layer, and the OLED display layer is disposed between the cover plate and the collimating layer.
  • the refractive index in the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is equal to the refractive index of the polymer, the refractive index of the OLED display layer, and the refractive index of the cover plate.
  • a surface of the substrate close to the photosensitive element is provided with a filter layer.
  • the invention also provides an optical fingerprint identification device, which includes: a substrate, a photosensitive element, a cover plate, and a collimating layer; the photosensitive element is provided on the substrate substrate; and the cover plate is provided on the photosensitive element
  • the collimating layer is provided between the cover plate and the substrate; wherein, the collimating layer is formed by liquid crystal dispersed in a solid organic polymer.
  • the material of the collimating layer is one of polymer dispersed liquid crystal and polymer network liquid crystal.
  • two opposite surfaces of the collimating layer are respectively provided with a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer.
  • the collimating layer is disposed between the cover plate and the photosensitive element.
  • the optical fingerprint recognition device further includes an adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer is disposed between the cover plate and the collimating layer.
  • the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the long axis direction is equal to the refractive index of the polymer, the refractive index of the adhesive layer, and the refractive index of the cover plate.
  • the optical fingerprint recognition device further includes a backlight module, and the backlight module is disposed on a side of the substrate facing away from the photosensitive element.
  • the optical fingerprint recognition device further includes an OLED display layer, and the OLED display layer is disposed between the cover plate and the collimating layer.
  • the refractive index in the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is equal to the refractive index of the polymer, the refractive index of the OLED display layer, and the refractive index of the cover plate.
  • a surface of the substrate close to the photosensitive element is provided with a filter layer.
  • the optical fingerprint recognition device provided by the present invention can improve the signal noise and the sharpness of the fingerprint on the photosensitive element by providing a collimating layer made of polymer dispersed liquid crystal; Compared with the existing lenses, the collimating layer has the advantages of not being afraid of collision and relative movement, and can improve the reliability of fingerprint recognition.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fingerprint identification device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fingerprint identification device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the first electrode layer of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fingerprint identification device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to the existing optical fingerprint identification module. Since the light used for fingerprint identification needs to pass through different media during the conduction process, the reflected light will be refracted and scattered, which will affect the imaging of the fingerprint on the optical fingerprint chip. The problem of clarity, which in turn affects the reliability of optical fingerprint recognition, can be solved by this embodiment.
  • the present invention provides an optical fingerprint identification device 10 including a substrate 11, a photosensitive element 12, a collimating layer 13, a cover plate 14, and a backlight module 15.
  • the photosensitive element 12 is disposed on the substrate 11
  • the cover plate 14 is disposed on the photosensitive element 12
  • the cover plate 14 is located on the top layer of the fingerprint identification device 10, which is used for packaging and protection
  • the function of the device is that the cover plate 14 is transparent glass, and the cover plate 14 is in contact with the fingerprint 20 of the human body.
  • the backlight module 15 is disposed on a side of the substrate 11 facing away from the photosensitive element 12, and the backlight module 15 provides a light source for optical fingerprint identification.
  • the collimating layer 13 is formed by dispersing liquid crystal in a solid organic polymer, and the material of the collimating layer 13 in this embodiment is PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (polymer dispersed liquid crystal). In other embodiments, the material of the collimating layer 13 may be PNLC (Polymer Network Liquid Crystal, polymer network liquid crystal).
  • the collimating layer 13 is disposed between the cover plate 14 and the photosensitive element 12, and the film thickness of the collimating layer 13 is 5-50 microns. In other embodiments, The collimating layer may be disposed between the photosensitive element 12 and the backlight module 15.
  • the liquid crystal in the collimating layer 13 is a nematic liquid crystal, and the refractive index of the organic polymer is equal to the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the long axis direction.
  • the collimating layer 13 is a full-face PDLC film without a patterned design.
  • the PDLC film has selective scattering characteristics and scatters incident light in a large angle direction. Compared with existing collimating layers such as lenses, the PDLC film has Not afraid of the advantages of collision and relative displacement, it can further improve the reliability of optical fingerprint recognition.
  • the optical fingerprint identification device further includes an adhesive layer 16 disposed between the cover plate 14 and the collimating layer 13, the adhesive layer 16 is an optical glue for bonding the cover plate 14 and The device below the cover plate 14.
  • the refractive index in the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the collimating layer 13 is equal to the refractive index between the adhesive layer 16 and the cover plate 14.
  • the refractive index of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules and the refractive index of the organic polymer, the refractive index of the adhesive layer 16, and the refractive index of the cover plate 14 are both Equal, not affected by the difference in refractive index and the gap between the liquid crystal molecules, so no scattering occurs, in the direction of a large angle, the greater the angle, the greater the difference between the refractive index of the liquid crystal and the organic polymer, the stronger the scattering Therefore, the collimating layer 13 using PDLC as a material is helpful to improve the interference of light in a large angle direction, and is beneficial to reduce signal noise.
  • electrodes may be provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the collimating layer 13 to directly apply a voltage to the collimating layer 13, and the electrode structure may also be used for fingerprint anti-theft.
  • the collimating The liquid crystal in the layer 13 is in a disordered state, forming extremely strong scattering, and unlocking cannot be achieved.
  • the optical fingerprint recognition device 10 in this embodiment is a liquid crystal display device with an optical fingerprint recognition function
  • the substrate 11 is a TFT array substrate
  • the backlight module 15 includes a backlight 151 and a light guide plate 152
  • the backlight module Group 15 is an edge-lit backlight module.
  • it also provides a light source for the liquid crystal display module.
  • the difference from the first embodiment lies in that two opposite surfaces of the collimating layer 13 are respectively provided with a first electrode layer 17 and a second electrode layer 18, and the first electrode layer 17 is provided on the A side surface (upper surface) of the collimating layer 13 facing away from the substrate 11, the second electrode layer 18 is disposed on a side surface (lower surface) of the collimating layer 13 close to the substrate 11.
  • the electrode patterns of the first electrode layer 17 and the second electrode layer 18 are the same and correspondingly arranged, and the materials of the first electrode layer 17 and the second electrode layer 18 are both ITO (Indium tin oxide, indium oxide tin).
  • the electrode patterns of the first electrode layer 17 are electrode patches distributed in an array, the length and width of the electrode patches may be 2-100 microns, and the line spacing between the electrode patches The ratio with the column spacing can be set to 2:1 ⁇ 1:1.
  • the size of the electrode pattern can be designed according to the size of the pixel electrode on the photosensitive element 12, the smaller the pixel electrode on the photosensitive element 12, the number of pixel electrodes on the photosensitive element 12 corresponding to each of the electrode patches The more, the higher the accuracy of fingerprint recognition, which can be applied to complex environments.
  • one electrode block corresponds to 1 ⁇ 25 pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix.
  • the corresponding liquid crystal molecules between the two electrode layers are deflected to an angle where the long axis is perpendicular to the surface of the PDLC film, and the The arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to the gap is in a disordered state, with strong light scattering and low transmittance, so that the light irradiated to the upper surface of the glass cover plate 14 is vertical light.
  • the spaced electrode patterns arranged in such an array are beneficial to reduce the interference of oblique light, thereby reducing signal noise and improving the clarity of fingerprint imaging.
  • this embodiment provides an optical fingerprint identification device 30 including a substrate 31, a photosensitive element 32, a collimating layer 33, an OLED display layer 35, an adhesive layer 36, and a cover 34.
  • the photosensitive element 33 is disposed on the substrate 31, the collimating layer 33 is disposed on the photosensitive element 32, the cover plate 34 is disposed on the collimating layer 33, and the OLED displays The layer 35 is disposed between the collimating layer 33 and the cover plate 34.
  • the adhesive layer 36 is disposed on the cover plate 34 and the OLED display layer 35 for bonding the cover plate 34 and the OLED display layer 35.
  • the substrate 31 may be a flexible substrate, and the cover plate 34 is transparent glass, used to encapsulate and protect the device, and is in contact with the human fingerprint 20.
  • the collimating layer 35 is a PDLC film.
  • the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the long axis direction of the collimating layer 35 and the refractive index of the polymer, the refractive index of the adhesive layer 36, and the refractive index of the OLED display layer 35 And the refractive index of the cover plate 34 are equal.
  • the OLED display layer is not only used for image display, but also provides light for fingerprint recognition, and utilizes selective scattering of PDLC film to achieve light collimation.
  • a filter layer may be provided between the collimating layer 33 and the substrate 31, specifically, a filter layer (in the figure) is provided on a surface (upper surface) of the substrate 31 close to the photosensitive element 32 (Not shown), to filter visible light entering from the direction of the substrate 31, specifically, to filter light with a wavelength greater than 580 nm.
  • electrode patterns are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the collimating layer 33, and the specific structure will not be repeated here.
  • the optical fingerprint recognition device provided by the present invention can improve the signal noise and the sharpness of the fingerprint on the photosensitive element by providing a collimating layer made of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal; in addition, a full-face collimating layer phase Compared with the existing lens, it has the advantages of not being afraid of collision and relative movement, and can improve the reliability of fingerprint recognition.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

一种光学指纹识别装置，包括衬底、感光元件、盖板、以及设置于所述盖板与所述衬底之间的准直层，所述准直层是由液晶分散在固态有机聚合物中形成。通过设置该准直层，能够改善信噪，提升指纹在感光元件上的清晰度；另外，整面式的准直层相较于现有的透镜等，具有不惧碰撞和相对位移等优势，能够提升指纹识别的可靠性。

Description

光学指纹识别装置 技术领域
本发明涉及指纹识别技术领域，尤其涉及一种光学指纹识别装置。
 背景技术
随着技术的不断发展，手机等移动终端的屏占比越来越高，全面屏移动终端已经成为一种发展趋势。针对全面屏移动终端的指纹识别，常规的电容式指纹由于无法穿透厚度超过0.5毫米以上的盖板玻璃，因此不再适应全面屏移动终端的发展趋势，而有良好穿透性的光学式指纹成为了一种新的技术方向。
目前，针对全面屏的光学指纹识别设计，一般是将光学指纹识别模组设置在显示区域下方。用于指纹识别的光线至少需要穿过与手指接触的玻璃盖板，由于玻璃盖板具有一定的厚度，光线在经过玻璃盖板返回的过程中会发生严重的折射和散射现象，导致指纹影像无法在光学指纹芯片上清晰地成像。
 技术问题
本发明提供一种光学指纹识别装置，以解决现有的光学指纹识别模组，由于用于指纹识别的光线在传导过程中需要经过不同介质，导致反射回来的光线会发生折射和散射现象，进而影响指纹在光学指纹芯片上成像的清晰度，进而影响指纹识别的可靠性的问题。
 技术解决方案
为解决上述问题，本发明提供的技术方案如下：
本发明提供一种光学指纹识别装置，包括：衬底、感光元件、盖板、以及准直层；所述感光元件设置于所述衬底基板上；所述盖板设置于所述感光元件上；所述准直层设置于所述盖板与所述感光元件之间，所述准直层的两相对表面分别设置有第一电极层和第二电极层；其中，所述准直层是由液晶分散在固态有机聚合物中形成。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述准直层的材料为聚合物分散液晶和聚合物网络液晶中的一种。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述光学指纹识别装置还包括粘合层，所述粘合层设置于所述盖板与所述准直层之间。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述液晶分子长轴方向的折射率与所述聚合物的折射率、粘合层的折射率、以及所述盖板的折射率均相等。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述光学指纹识别装置还包括背光模组，所述背光模组设置于所述衬底背离所述感光元件的一侧。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述光学指纹识别装置还包括OLED显示层，所述OLED显示层设置于所述盖板与所述准直层之间。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述液晶分子长轴方向的折射率与所述聚合物的折射率、所述OLED显示层的折射率、以及所述盖板的折射率均相等。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述衬底靠近所述感光元件的一侧表面设置有滤光层。
本发明还提供一种光学指纹识别装置，包括：衬底、感光元件、盖板、以及准直层；所述感光元件设置于所述衬底基板上；所述盖板设置于所述感光元件上；所述准直层设置于所述盖板与所述衬底之间；其中，所述准直层是由液晶分散在固态有机聚合物中形成。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述准直层的材料为聚合物分散液晶和聚合物网络液晶中的一种。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述准直层的两相对表面分别设置有第一电极层和第二电极层。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述准直层设置于所述盖板与所述感光元件之间。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述光学指纹识别装置还包括粘合层，所述粘合层设置于所述盖板与所述准直层之间。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述液晶分子长轴方向的折射率与所述聚合物的折射率、粘合层的折射率、以及所述盖板的折射率均相等。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述光学指纹识别装置还包括背光模组，所述背光模组设置于所述衬底背离所述感光元件的一侧。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述光学指纹识别装置还包括OLED显示层，所述OLED显示层设置于所述盖板与所述准直层之间。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述液晶分子长轴方向的折射率与所述聚合物的折射率、所述OLED显示层的折射率、以及所述盖板的折射率均相等。
在本发明的至少一种实施例中，所述衬底靠近所述感光元件的一侧表面设置有滤光层。
 有益效果
本发明的有益效果为：本发明提供的光学指纹识别装置，通过设置采用聚合物分散液晶制备的准直层，能够改善信噪，提升指纹在感光元件上的清晰度；另外，整面式的准直层相较于现有的透镜等，具有不惧碰撞和相对移动等优势，能够提升指纹识别的可靠性。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例一的光学指纹识别装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例二的光学指纹识别装置的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例二的第一电极层的俯视图；
图4为本发明实施例三的光学指纹识别装置的结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图示，用以例示本发明可用以实施的特定实施例。本发明所提到的方向用语，例如[上]、[下]、[前]、[后]、[左]、[右]、[内]、[外]、[侧面]等，仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此，使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本发明，而非用以限制本发明。在图中，结构相似的单元是用以相同标号表示。
本发明针对现有的光学指纹识别模组，由于用于指纹识别的光线在传导过程中需要经过不同介质，导致反射回来的光线会发生折射和散射现象，进而影响指纹在光学指纹芯片上成像的清晰度，进而影响光学指纹识别的可靠性的问题，本实施例能够解决该缺陷。
实施例一
如图1所示，本发明提供一种光学指纹识别装置10，包括衬底11、感光元件12、准直层13、盖板14、背光模组15。
其中，所述感光元件12设置于所述衬底11上，所述盖板14设置于所述感光元件12上，所述盖板14位于所述指纹识别装置10的顶层，起到封装和保护装置的作用，所述盖板14为透明玻璃，所述盖板14与人体指纹20相接触。
所述背光模组15设置于所述衬底11的背离所述感光元件12的一侧，所述背光模组15为光学指纹识别提供光源。
所述准直层13由液晶分散在固态有机聚合物中形成，本实施例中的准直层13的材料为PDLC（Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal，聚合物分散液晶），在其他实施例中，所述准直层13的材料可为PNLC（Polymer Network Liquid Crystal，聚合物网络液晶）。
本实施例中的所述准直层13设置于所述盖板14和所述感光元件12之间，所述准直层13的膜层厚度为5~50微米，在其他实施例中，所述准直层可设置于所述感光元件12与所述背光模组15之间。
所述准直层13中的液晶为向列相液晶，所述有机聚合物的折射率等于所述液晶分子长轴方向的折射率。
所述准直层13为整面式PDLC薄膜，无图案化设计，所述PDLC薄膜具有选择性散射特性，散射大角度方向的入射光，相对于透镜等现有的准直层，PDLC薄膜具有不惧碰撞和相对位移的优势，可进一步提升光学指纹识别的可靠性。
所述光学指纹识别装置还包括粘合层16，设置于所述盖板14与所述准直层13之间，所述粘合层16为光学胶，用以粘合所述盖板14与所述盖板14下方的器件。
所述准直层13中的液晶分子长轴方向的折射率与所述粘合层16的折射率和所述盖板14之间的折射率相等。
对所述准直层13的上下两端施加电压，使液晶偏转到设定角度（垂直于PDLC薄膜表面），然后进行紫外光固化，PDLC薄膜进行液晶配向后，薄膜中的液晶分子有序排列，在入射角为零度时，PDLC薄膜的透光率为80%左右，随着入射角的增大，透光率减小。
在垂直于所述PDLC薄膜表面的方向上，由于液晶分子长轴的折射率与所述有机聚合物的折射率、所述粘合层16的折射率、以及所述盖板14的折射率都相等，不受折射率差异和液晶分子之间间隙的影响，因此不发生散射，在大角度方向，角度越大，液晶的折射率和所述有机聚合物之间的差异越大，散射越强，因此采用PDLC作为材料的所述准直层13有利于改善大角度方向的光线的干扰，有利于降低信噪。
在其他实施例中，可在所述准直层13的上下表面设置电极，直接对所述准直层13施加电压，设置电极结构也可用于指纹防盗，在断电状态下，所述准直层13中的液晶处于无序状态，形成极强的散射，则无法实现解锁。
本实施例中的光学指纹识别装置10为具有光学指纹识别功能的液晶显示装置，所述衬底11为TFT阵列基板，所述背光模组15包括背光源151和导光板152，所述背光模组15为侧入式背光模组，除了为指纹识别提供光源，也为液晶显示模组提供光源。
实施例二
如图2所示，与实施例一的区别在于，所述准直层13的两相对表面分别设置有第一电极层17和第二电极层18，所述第一电极层17设置于所述准直层13背离所述衬底11的一侧表面（上表面），所述第二电极层18设置于所述准直层13靠近所述衬底11的一侧表面（下表面）。所述第一电极层17与所述第二电极层18的电极图案相同且对应设置，所述第一电极层17和所述第二电极层18的材料均为ITO（Indium tin oxide，氧化铟锡）。
如图3所示，所述第一电极层17的电极图案为阵列分布的电极小块，所述电极小块的长度和宽度可为2~100微米，所述电极小块之间的行间距与列间距比可设置为2:1~1:1。电极图案的大小可根据所述感光元件12上的像素电极的大小设计，所述感光元件12上的像素电极越小，每个所述电极小块对应的感光元件12上的像素电极的个数越多，指纹识别的精度越高，能应用于复杂环境，一般一个电极小块对应1~25个呈矩阵排布的像素电极。
对所述第一电极层17和所述第二电极层18两端施加电压后，两个电极层之间对应的液晶分子偏转到长轴与PDLC薄膜表面垂直的角度，电极小块之间的间隙对应的液晶分子排列处于无序状态，光散射强，透过率低，进而使得照射到所述玻璃盖板14上表面的光为垂直光。此种阵列排布的间隔电极图案有利于降低斜向光的干扰，进而降低信噪，提高指纹成像的清晰度。
实施例三
如图4所示，本实施例提供一种光学指纹识别装置30，包括衬底31、感光元件32、准直层33、OLED显示层35、粘合层36、以及盖板34。
其中，所述感光元件33设置于所述衬底31上，所述准直层33设置于所述感光元件32上，所述盖板34设置于所述准直层33上，所述OLED显示层35设置于所述准直层33与所述盖板34之间。
所述粘合层36设置于所述盖板34与所述OLED显示层35，用以贴合所述盖板34与所述OLED显示层35。
所述衬底31可为柔性衬底，所述盖板34为透明玻璃，用以封装和保护装置，与人体指纹20接触。
所述准直层35为PDLC薄膜，所述准直层35中的液晶分子长轴方向的折射率与聚合物的折射率、粘合层36的折射率、所述OLED显示层35的折射率、以及所述盖板34的折射率均相等。
所述OLED显示层不仅用于实现图像显示，也为指纹识别提供光线，利用PDLC薄膜的选择性散射实现光线准直。
所述准直层33与所述衬底31之间可设置滤光层，具体地，在所述衬底31靠近所述感光元件32的一侧表面（上表面）设置滤光层（图中未示出），用以过滤从所述衬底31方向进入的可见光，具体地，过滤掉波长大于580纳米的光线。
在其他实施例中，可参照实施例二，在所述准直层33的上下表面设置电极图案，具体结构这里不再赘述。
有益效果：本发明提供的光学指纹识别装置，通过设置采用聚合物分散液晶制备的准直层，能够改善信噪，提升指纹在感光元件上的清晰度；另外，整面式的准直层相较于现有的透镜等，具有不惧碰撞和相对移动等优势，能够提升指纹识别的可靠性。
综上所述，虽然本发明已以优选实施例揭露如上，但上述优选实施例并非用以限制本发明，本领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，均可作各种更动与润饰，因此本发明的保护范围以权利要求界定的范围为准。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种光学指纹识别装置，其中，包括：
    衬底；
    感光元件，设置于所述衬底基板上；
    盖板，设置于所述感光元件上；以及
    准直层，设置于所述盖板与所述感光元件之间，所述准直层的两相对表面分别设置有第一电极层和第二电极层；其中，
    所述准直层是由液晶分散在固态有机聚合物中形成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述准直层的材料为聚合物分散液晶和聚合物网络液晶中的一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述光学指纹识别装置还包括粘合层，所述粘合层设置于所述盖板与所述准直层之间。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述液晶分子长轴方向的折射率与所述聚合物的折射率、粘合层的折射率、以及所述盖板的折射率均相等。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述光学指纹识别装置还包括背光模组，所述背光模组设置于所述衬底背离所述感光元件的一侧。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述光学指纹识别装置还包括OLED显示层，所述OLED显示层设置于所述盖板与所述准直层之间。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述液晶分子长轴方向的折射率与所述聚合物的折射率、所述OLED显示层的折射率、以及所述盖板的折射率均相等。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述衬底靠近所述感光元件的一侧表面设置有滤光层。
  9. 一种光学指纹识别装置，其中，包括：
    衬底；
    感光元件，设置于所述衬底基板上；
    盖板，设置于所述感光元件上；以及
    准直层，设置于所述盖板与所述衬底之间；其中，
    所述准直层是由液晶分散在固态有机聚合物中形成。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述准直层的材料为聚合物分散液晶和聚合物网络液晶中的一种。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述准直层的两相对表面分别设置有第一电极层和第二电极层。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述准直层设置于所述盖板与所述感光元件之间。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述光学指纹识别装置还包括粘合层，所述粘合层设置于所述盖板与所述准直层之间。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述液晶分子长轴方向的折射率与所述聚合物的折射率、粘合层的折射率、以及所述盖板的折射率均相等。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述光学指纹识别装置还包括背光模组，所述背光模组设置于所述衬底背离所述感光元件的一侧。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述光学指纹识别装置还包括OLED显示层，所述OLED显示层设置于所述盖板与所述准直层之间。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述液晶分子长轴方向的折射率与所述聚合物的折射率、所述OLED显示层的折射率、以及所述盖板的折射率均相等。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的光学指纹识别装置，其中，所述衬底靠近所述感光元件的一侧表面设置有滤光层。
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