WO2020133501A1 - 一种垃圾焚烧发电高参数汽包中间再热系统 - Google Patents

一种垃圾焚烧发电高参数汽包中间再热系统 Download PDF

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WO2020133501A1
WO2020133501A1 PCT/CN2018/125821 CN2018125821W WO2020133501A1 WO 2020133501 A1 WO2020133501 A1 WO 2020133501A1 CN 2018125821 W CN2018125821 W CN 2018125821W WO 2020133501 A1 WO2020133501 A1 WO 2020133501A1
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steam
pressure cylinder
steam turbine
drum
boiler
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PCT/CN2018/125821
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English (en)
French (fr)
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沈竑
谭玲君
孙亚鹏
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深圳市能源环保有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/125821 priority Critical patent/WO2020133501A1/zh
Publication of WO2020133501A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020133501A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for

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  • the invention relates to a steam drum heating system for waste incineration power generation, in particular to a middle parameter reheating system for waste incineration power generation high parameter steam drums.
  • ultra-high pressure parameter steam turbine units In thermal power stations and nuclear power stations of high-power units, ultra-high pressure parameter steam turbine units often adopt the method of intermediate steam reheat to improve the thermal economy of the power plant.
  • Steam intermediate reheating means that the steam is led out when it expands to a certain intermediate pressure in the high-pressure steam turbine. It uses flue gas or steam to reheat in the first or second stage in the intermediate reheater, and then returns to the low-pressure steam turbine to continue expansion and work. Thereby improving cycle thermal efficiency and power generation efficiency.
  • the steam reheating process can reduce the exhaust humidity of the low-pressure steam turbine, improve the working conditions of the last stage blades of the steam turbine, and extend the service life of the steam turbine.
  • the present invention proposes a high-parameter drum reheating system for garbage incineration power generation, an intermediate reheater is also provided in the drum, and the saturated steam in the drum is used in the intermediate reheater , Reheat the steam after the steam turbine's high-pressure cylinder performs work, and then return to the steam turbine's low-pressure cylinder to continue expansion work, thereby improving the cycle thermal efficiency and power generation efficiency.
  • the steam reheating process can reduce the exhaust humidity of the low-pressure steam turbine, improve the working conditions of the last stage blades of the steam turbine, and extend the service life of the steam turbine.
  • a high-parameter steam drum intermediate reheating system for garbage incineration power generation including a boiler, a steam drum, a steam turbine cylinder, a generator, and a condensing steam arranged in order according to the steam flow direction
  • steam pipelines including deaerators, water pumps and water pipelines arranged in order according to the flow direction of the feed water
  • the main steam generated by the boiler enters the steam cylinder of the steam turbine, drives it to do work and causes the generator to generate electricity
  • the steam from the steam turbine After the steam cylinder enters the condenser to condense into water, the condensate of the condenser is deoxygenated by the deaerator and then connected to the feed water pump, which is sent to the boiler by the feed water pump.
  • An intermediate reheater is also provided in the steam drum, and the steam cylinder of the steam turbine includes a high-pressure cylinder and a low-pressure cylinder.
  • the steam produced by the boiler first enters the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, drives it to do work and causes the generator to generate electricity.
  • the generator generates electricity, and the steam from the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is condensed into water by the condenser, then deoxygenated by the deaerator, and finally sent to the boiler by the feed water pump.
  • the preferred technical solution of the present invention is that an external steam-water separator is further provided, and the steam from the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine first passes through the external steam-water separator and then enters the intermediate reheater.
  • the preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the intermediate reheater is arranged inside the steam drum.
  • a high-parameter drum reheating system for waste incineration power generation proposed by the present invention is provided with an intermediate reheater inside the drum.
  • the steam generated by the boiler first enters the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, driving it to do work and make The generator generates electricity.
  • the steam from the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine enters the intermediate reheater for reheating, and then enters the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine to drive it to do work and cause the generator to generate electricity.
  • the saturated steam in the steam drum is used to reheat the steam after the work of the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine in the intermediate reheater, and then return to the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine to continue the expansion work, thereby improving the cycle thermal efficiency and power generation efficiency.
  • the steam drum has a certain buffering capacity to the boiler load change, the steam temperature change in the steam drum is small, so that the steam temperature change of the intermediate reheater is stable, and the temperature adjustment range is small, which brings convenience to the temperature adjustment of the intermediate reheater.
  • the steam reheating process can reduce the exhaust humidity of the low-pressure steam turbine, improve the working conditions of the last stage blades of the steam turbine, and extend the service life of the steam turbine.
  • FIG. 1 is the equipment layout diagram
  • FIG. 2 is the schematic diagram of the installation layout of the intermediate reheater in the steam drum.
  • Figures 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention. Among them, Figure 1 is the equipment layout, and Figure 2 is the installation layout of the intermediate reheater in the steam drum.
  • a high-parameter steam drum intermediate reheating system for waste incineration power generation includes a boiler 1, a steam drum 8, a steam turbine cylinder, a generator 4, and a condenser 5 arranged in order according to the steam flow direction And the pipeline 2.1 for transporting steam, including the deaerator 6, the water pump 7 and the water supply pipeline 2.2 arranged in this order according to the flow direction of the feed water.
  • the main steam generated by the boiler 1 enters the steam cylinder of the steam turbine, drives it to do work and causes the generator 4 to generate electricity, After entering the condenser 5 and condensing into water, the steam from the steam cylinder of the steam turbine is condensed into water.
  • the condensate of the condenser 5 is deoxygenated by the deaerator 6 and then connected to the feed water pump 7, which is delivered to the boiler 1 by the feed water pump 7.
  • An intermediate reheater 9 is also provided in the steam drum 8.
  • the steam cylinder of the steam turbine includes a high-pressure cylinder 3.1 and a low-pressure cylinder 3.2.
  • the steam produced by the boiler 1 first enters the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 3.1, drives it to do work and causes the generator to generate electricity.
  • the steam from the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder enters the intermediate reheater 9 for reheating, and then enters the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder 3.2 to drive its work and Make the generator generate electricity.
  • the steam from the low-pressure cylinder 3.2 of the steam turbine enters the condenser 5 to condense into water, and the condensed water of the condenser 5 is deoxygenated by the deaerator 6 and then connected to the feed water pump 7, which is sent to the boiler 1 by the feed water pump 7.
  • an external steam-water separator 10 is also provided.
  • the steam from the high-pressure cylinder 3.1 of the steam turbine first passes through the external steam-water separator 10 and then enters the intermediate reheater 9.
  • the intermediate reheater 9 is provided inside the steam drum 8.
  • the main steam parameters of the waste incineration boiler are raised to medium-temperature and ultra-high pressure.
  • the main steam enters the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine to do work, and then the steam-water separation is performed by an external steam-water separator, and then the saturated steam in the steam drum is used in the middle. It is heated again in the heater, and then returned to the low-pressure steam turbine to continue expansion and work, thereby improving the cycle thermal efficiency and power generation efficiency.
  • the steam reheating process can reduce the exhaust humidity of the low-pressure steam turbine, improve the working conditions of the last stage blades of the steam turbine, and extend the service life of the steam turbine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

一种垃圾焚烧发电高参数汽包中间再热系统，在汽包(8)内部还设置中间再热器(9)，锅炉(1)产生的蒸汽首先进入汽轮机高压缸(3.1)，驱动其做功并使发电机(4)发电，从汽轮机高压缸(3.1)出来的蒸汽进入所述中间再热器(9)进行再次加热，之后再进入汽轮机低压缸(3.2)，驱动其做功并使发电机(4)发电。利用汽包(8)中的饱和蒸汽在中间再热器(9)中，对汽轮机高压缸(3.1)做功后的蒸汽进行再次加热，然后再回到汽轮机低压缸(3.2)中继续膨胀做功，从而提高循环热效率和发电效率。由于汽包(8)对锅炉(1)负荷变化具有一定的缓冲能力，汽包(8)内蒸汽温度变化较小，从而使中间再热器(9)汽温变化平稳，调温幅度较小，给中间再热器(9)调温带来方便。此外，蒸汽中间再热过程能减少低压汽轮机排汽湿度，改善汽轮机末级叶片工作条件，延长汽轮机使用寿命。

Description

一种垃圾焚烧发电高参数汽包中间再热系统 技术领域
本发明涉及垃圾焚烧发电蒸汽汽包加热系统，尤其是涉及一种垃圾焚烧发电高参数汽包中间再热系统。
背景技术
提高蒸汽参数是提高垃圾焚烧电厂热经济性的重要途径。目前国内外已投入运行的垃圾焚烧电厂的锅炉参数大部分采用中温中压参数，其主要是因为受到锅炉受热面钢材的耐温限制。随着制造技术的提高、耐高温腐蚀材料的应用以及电厂运营管理水平提高，使得锅炉受热面耐腐蚀能力进一步加强，主蒸汽参数的提高带来的发电收益得以实现，对于大容量焚烧炉其收益尤为明显。因此，中温次高压甚至超高压技术的应用是垃圾焚烧技术的一个发展趋势。
在大功率机组的热电站和核电站，超高压参数汽轮机组常采用蒸汽中间再热的方式，提高电厂热经济性。蒸汽中间再热就是蒸汽在高压汽轮机中膨胀到某一中间压力时引出，利用烟气或蒸汽在中间再热器中进行一级或二级再加热，然后再回到低压汽轮机中继续膨胀做功，从而提高循环热效率和发电效率。此外，蒸汽中间再热过程能减少低压汽轮机排汽湿度，改善汽轮机末级叶片工作条件，延长汽轮机使用寿命。
目前已有将蒸汽中间再热技术应用于垃圾焚烧发电系统，中国专利CN201620633802.0公布的“一种带再热的高参数垃圾焚烧锅炉”，其中间再热器布置在烟道内，利用烟气余热加热再热蒸汽，由于垃圾焚烧烟气中含有大量腐蚀气体，存在中间再热器受热面腐蚀风险，另外，烟道烟温波动较大，维持再热温度稳定的难度加大，为减少汽温波动对汽轮机低压缸的不利影响，对调温手段的灵敏度和可靠性要求较高。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术问题，本发明提出一种垃圾焚烧发电高参数汽包中间再热系统，在所述汽包中还设置中间再热器，利用汽包中的饱和蒸汽在中间再热器中，对汽轮机高压缸做功后的蒸汽进行再次加热，然后再回到汽轮机低压缸中继续膨胀做功，从而提高循环热效率和发电效率。此外，蒸汽中间再热过程能减少低压汽轮机排汽湿度，改善汽轮机末级叶片工作条件，延长汽轮机使用寿命。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种垃圾焚烧发电高参数汽包中间再热系统，包括按照蒸汽流动方向依次布置的锅炉、汽包、汽轮机汽压缸、发电机、凝汽器以及输送蒸汽的管道，包括依照给水流动方向依次布置的除氧器、给水泵以及给水管道，锅炉产生的主蒸汽进入所述汽轮机汽压缸，驱动其做功并使发电机发电，蒸汽从汽轮机汽压缸之后进入凝汽器凝结成水，凝汽器的冷凝水经除氧器除氧之后接入给水泵，由给水泵输送到锅炉，其特征是，
在所述汽包中还设置中间再热器，所述汽轮机汽压缸包括高压缸、低压缸，
所述锅炉产生的蒸汽首先进入汽轮机高压缸，驱动其做功并使发电机发电，从汽轮机高压缸出来的蒸汽进入所述中间再热器进行再次加热，之后再进入汽轮机低压缸，驱动其做功并使发电机发电，从汽轮机低压缸出来的蒸汽经凝汽器凝结成水，然后经除氧器除氧、最后由给水泵输送到锅炉，
本发明优选技术方案是，还设置外置汽水分离器，从汽轮机高压缸出来的蒸汽首先经所述外置汽水分离器、之后再进入所述中间再热器。
本发明优选技术方案是，所述中间再热器设置在所述汽包内部。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提出的一种垃圾焚烧发电高参数汽包中间再热系统，在汽包内部还设置中间再热器，锅炉产生的蒸汽首先进入汽轮机高压缸，驱动其做功并使发电机发电，从汽轮机高压缸出来的蒸汽进入所述中间再热器进行再次加热，之后再进入汽轮机低压缸，驱动其做功并使发电机发电。利用汽包中的饱和蒸汽在中间再热器中，对汽轮机高压缸做功后的蒸汽进行再次加热，然后再回到汽轮机低压缸中继续膨胀做功，从而提高循环热效率和发电效率。由于汽包对锅炉负荷变化具有一定的缓冲能力，汽包内蒸汽温度变化较小，从而使中间再热器汽温变化平稳，调温幅度较小，给中间再热器调温带来方便。此外，蒸汽中间再热过程能减少低压汽轮机排汽湿度，改善汽轮机末级叶片工作条件，延长汽轮机使用寿命。
附图说明
图1、图2为本发明提出的一个实施例的示意图。其中图1为设备布置图，图2为中间再热器在汽包中的安装布置示意图。
图中：
1.锅炉，
2.1蒸汽管道，2.2给水管道，
3汽轮机气压缸，3.1汽轮机低压缸，3.2汽轮机高压缸，
4发电机，
5凝汽器，
6除氧器，
7给水泵，
8汽包，
9中间再热器,9.1再热蒸汽入口、9.2再热蒸汽出口；
10外置汽水分离器。
具体实施方式
图1、图2为本发明提出的一个实施例的示意图。其中图1为设备布置图，图2为中间再热器在汽包 中的安装布置示意图。
图中显示，本例中，一种垃圾焚烧发电高参数汽包中间再热系统，包括按照蒸汽流动方向依次布置的锅炉1、汽包8、汽轮机汽压缸、发电机4、凝汽器5以及输送蒸汽的管道2.1，包括依照给水流动方向依次布置的除氧器6、给水泵7以及给水管道2.2，锅炉1产生的主蒸汽进入汽轮机汽压缸，驱动其做功并使发电机4发电，蒸汽从汽轮机汽压缸之后进入凝汽器5凝结成水，凝汽器5的冷凝水经除氧器6除氧之后接入给水泵7，由给水泵7输送到锅炉1，其特征是，
在汽包8中还设置中间再热器9，汽轮机汽压缸包括高压缸3.1、低压缸3.2，
锅炉1产生的蒸汽首先进入汽轮机高压缸3.1、驱动其做功并使发电机发电，从汽轮机高压缸出来的蒸汽进入中间再热器9进行再次加热，之后再进入汽轮机低压缸3.2、驱动其做功并使发电机发电。从汽轮机低压缸3.2出来的蒸汽进入凝汽器5凝结成水，凝汽器5的冷凝水经除氧器6除氧之后接入给水泵7，由给水泵7输送到锅炉1。
图1中显示，本例中，还设置外置汽水分离器10，从汽轮机高压缸3.1出来的蒸汽首先经外置汽水分离器10、之后再进入中间再热器9。
图1、图2中显示，本例中，中间再热器9设置在汽包8的内部。
本例中，将垃圾焚烧锅炉的主蒸汽参数提升至中温超高压工况，主蒸汽进入汽轮机高压缸做功，之后通过外置式汽水分离器进行汽水分离，然后利用汽包中的饱和蒸汽在中间再热器中对其再次加热，再回到低压汽轮机中继续膨胀做功，从而提高循环热效率和发电效率。
由于汽包对锅炉负荷变化具有一定的缓冲能力，汽包内蒸汽温度变化较小，从而使中间再热器汽温变化平稳，调温幅度较小，给中间再热器调温带来方便。此外，蒸汽中间再热过程能减少低压汽轮机排汽湿度，改善汽轮机末级叶片工作条件，延长汽轮机使用寿命。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种垃圾焚烧发电高参数汽包中间再热系统，包括按照蒸汽流动方向依次布置的锅炉、汽包、汽轮机汽压缸、发电机、凝汽器以及输送蒸汽的管道，包括依照给水流动方向依次布置的除氧器、给水泵以及给水管道，锅炉产生的主蒸汽进入所述汽轮机汽压缸，驱动其做功并使发电机发电，蒸汽从汽轮机汽压缸之后进入凝汽器凝结成水，凝汽器的冷凝水经除氧器除氧之后接入给水泵，由给水泵输送到锅炉，其特征是，
    在所述汽包中还设置中间再热器，所述汽轮机汽压缸包括高压缸、低压缸，
    所述锅炉产生的蒸汽首先进入汽轮机高压缸，驱动其做功并使发电机发电，从汽轮机高压缸出来的蒸汽进入所述中间再热器进行再次加热，之后再进入汽轮机低压缸，驱动其做功并使发电机发电，从汽轮机低压缸出来的蒸汽经凝汽器凝结成水，然后经除氧器除氧、最后由给水泵输送到锅炉
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种垃圾焚烧发电高参数汽包中间再热系统，其特征是，还设置外置汽水分离器，从汽轮机高压缸出来的蒸汽首先经所述外置汽水分离器、之后再进入所述中间再热器。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种垃圾焚烧发电高参数汽包中间再热系统，其特征是，所述中间再热器设置在所述汽包内部。
PCT/CN2018/125821 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 一种垃圾焚烧发电高参数汽包中间再热系统 WO2020133501A1 (zh)

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