WO2020125305A1 - Capteur de température et de vibration intégré connecté en série utilisant un réseau blazé et une fibre optique à réseau de bragg sur fibre - Google Patents

Capteur de température et de vibration intégré connecté en série utilisant un réseau blazé et une fibre optique à réseau de bragg sur fibre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020125305A1
WO2020125305A1 PCT/CN2019/119337 CN2019119337W WO2020125305A1 WO 2020125305 A1 WO2020125305 A1 WO 2020125305A1 CN 2019119337 W CN2019119337 W CN 2019119337W WO 2020125305 A1 WO2020125305 A1 WO 2020125305A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grating
optical fiber
fiber
blazed grating
blazed
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/119337
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郑良广
赵呈锐
杨达
金波
吴明明
Original Assignee
宁波中车时代传感技术有限公司
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Application filed by 宁波中车时代传感技术有限公司 filed Critical 宁波中车时代传感技术有限公司
Publication of WO2020125305A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020125305A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
    • G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of integrated temperature and vibration sensors, and in particular relates to an optical fiber temperature and vibration series integrated sensor based on a blazed grating and a fiber grating.
  • Rail locomotive vehicles need to monitor the running status of bearings, gear boxes, motors and other components through integrated temperature and vibration sensors. Due to the high temperature of the detected part, the existing sensors generally adopt the piezoelectric principle for acceleration monitoring and the platinum resistance for temperature monitoring.
  • the Chinese patent with publication number CN01233313 discloses a temperature-vibration digital-analog composite sensor.
  • the sensor housing is packaged with a digital temperature-sensitive device, a piezoelectric wafer and a circuit board.
  • Bootstrap bias circuit, gain control circuit and voltage-current conversion circuit, the sensor realizes the input and output of temperature signal, vibration signal, automatic control signal and power supply in digital mode and current mode and three-wire system, with strong anti-interference ability and good frequency response
  • the advantages of normalization processing that facilitates sensor sensitivity adjustment, etc. have higher reliability and cost performance than existing technologies.
  • the connector is prone to malfunction due to water ingress, oxidation, etc.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology, and proposes a zero-point drift, strong anti-electromagnetic interference, no electrical noise, high measurement accuracy, high connection reliability based on blazed grating and optical fiber Grating fiber optic temperature vibration series integrated sensor.
  • a fiber optic temperature vibration series integrated sensor based on blazed grating and fiber grating including:
  • the outer shell is provided with a fiber grating and blazed grating vibration measurement structure
  • One end of the optical cable extends into the housing and leads out an optical fiber, which is the optical fiber and the optical fiber respectively.
  • the optical fiber grating is engraved on the optical fiber, and the blazed grating vibration measurement structure is connected to the optical fiber.
  • it also includes a bending protection structure connected between the optical cable and the housing.
  • the bending protection structure includes a connector tail sleeve, a bending member provided at the lower end of the connector tail sleeve;
  • both the connector tail sleeve and the bending part are respectively provided with through holes for the optical cable to pass through, and a bending part connected with the housing is provided outside the bending part.
  • the blazed grating vibration measurement structure includes:
  • the base the blazed grating arranged horizontally on the base, the collimating lens, cantilever beam and the mass arranged perpendicular to the blazed grating;
  • the collimating lens is connected to the end of the optical fiber passing through the base and installed on the mass;
  • One end of the cantilever beam is connected above the base, and the other end of the cantilever beam is connected to the mass.
  • the blazed grating vibration measurement structure includes a base, a grating sensing structure hingedly connected to the base, and a collimating lens disposed above the grating sensing structure; both the collimating lens and the mirror are disposed on the base;
  • the grating sensing structure includes: a mass block and a blazed grating attached to the upper surface of the mass block; the grating sensing structure is horizontally arranged on the base.
  • the grating sensing structure is horizontally arranged on the base, and the reflecting mirror is arranged on the upper right side of the grating sensing structure and the lower part of the collimating lens.
  • the grating sensing structure is horizontally arranged on the base, and the reflecting mirror is arranged at the lower part of the right side of the grating sensing structure and the lower part of the collimating lens.
  • the grating sensing structure is vertically arranged on the base, the reflecting mirror is arranged on the right side of the upper part of the grating sensing structure and the lower part of the collimating lens.
  • the grating sensing structure is vertically arranged on the base, the reflecting mirror is arranged on the right side of the lower part of the grating sensing structure and the lower part of the collimating lens.
  • the embodiments of the present invention can produce at least the following technical effects:
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a first structural schematic diagram of a blazed grating vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a second structural diagram of a blazed grating vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view 3 of a blazed grating vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view 4 of a blazed grating vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view 5 of a blazed grating vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view 6 of a blazed grating vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram 7 of a blazed grating vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view 8 of a blazed grating vibration measurement structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical fiber temperature vibration series integrated sensor based on blazed grating and fiber grating includes:
  • the outer shell is provided with a fiber grating and blazed grating vibration measurement structure
  • One end of the optical cable extends into the housing and leads out an optical fiber, which is the optical fiber and the optical fiber respectively.
  • the optical fiber grating is engraved on the optical fiber, and the blazed grating vibration measurement structure is connected to the optical fiber.
  • the optical fiber temperature vibration series integrated sensor based on blazed grating and fiber grating uses a two-core optical cable.
  • the optical cable contains a single-core single-mode optical fiber.
  • One end of the optical cable extends into the inside of the housing and leads out All the way to fiber;
  • a fiber grating is engraved on the upper part of the fiber; a blazed grating vibration measurement structure is connected to the end of the fiber.
  • the equivalent pitch of the fiber grating engraved on the fiber changes, which further changes the peak wavelength of the reflection, and further obtains the temperature change to realize the function of temperature measurement.
  • the angle between the blazed grating inside the blazed grating vibration measurement structure and the collimating lens on the optical fiber changes, resulting in the reflection peak of the blazed grating
  • the wavelength changes to realize the vibration measurement function.
  • two independent fiber grating and blazed grating vibration measurement structures are respectively provided on the one-way optical fiber led from one end of the optical cable in the sensor housing, and the fiber grating and blazed grating vibration measurement structures are arranged in parallel to achieve the purpose of integrating fiber temperature and vibration And, this sensor uses the blazed grating vibration measurement structure to perform vibration measurement.
  • the zero point drift is small, no maintenance and calibration is required during a long life cycle, and it is resistant to electromagnetic interference. Strong, no electrical noise, high measurement accuracy, and high connection reliability.
  • it also includes a bending protection structure connected between the optical cable and the housing.
  • the bending protection structure includes a connector tail sleeve, a bending member provided at the lower end of the connector tail sleeve;
  • both the connector tail sleeve and the bending part are respectively provided with through holes for the optical cable to pass through, and a bending part connected with the housing is provided outside the bending part.
  • the optical cable is a flexible object, and the outer shell is a rigid object. After a long period of contact, the contact and friction between the optical cable and the outer shell will cause the optical cable to be damaged. Therefore, the bending protection structure provided can make the contact between the optical cable and the outer shell excessive. , Reduce the damage of the optical cable, and the connection reliability is high.
  • the blazed grating vibration measurement structure includes:
  • the base the blazed grating arranged horizontally on the base, the collimating lens, cantilever beam and the mass arranged perpendicular to the blazed grating;
  • the collimating lens is connected to the end of the optical fiber passing through the base and installed on the mass;
  • One end of the cantilever beam is connected above the base, and the other end of the cantilever beam is connected to the mass.
  • the blazed grating remains stationary, is horizontally arranged on the base, the optical fiber and the collimating lens are installed on the mass, and are connected with the rigid base through the cantilever beam.
  • the light of the optical fiber After being focused by the collimator lens, the light of the optical fiber is irradiated above the blazed grating, reflected by the blazed grating, and then returned to the optical fiber again.
  • the mass shifts, resulting in a change in the angle between the fiber and the blazed grating.
  • the acceleration change of the fiber axis can be measured.
  • the blazed grating can be set at 45 degrees to the optical fiber
  • the blazed grating remains stationary, is horizontally mounted on the base, the optical fiber and collimating lens are mounted on the mass, and are connected to the rigid base through the cantilever beam.
  • the light of the optical fiber After being focused by the collimator lens, the light of the optical fiber is irradiated above the blazed grating, reflected by the blazed grating, and then returned to the optical fiber again.
  • the mass shifts, causing the angle between the fiber and the blazed grating to change.
  • the acceleration change of the fiber axis can be measured.
  • the blazed grating vibration measurement structure includes a base, a grating sensing structure hingedly connected to the base, a collimating lens and a reflecting mirror disposed above the grating sensing structure;
  • the collimating lens and the reflecting mirror are both set on the base;
  • the grating sensing structure includes: a mass block and a blazed grating attached to the upper surface of the mass block.
  • the blazed grating is attached to the upper surface of the mass. Further, in this embodiment, the blazed grating is connected to the rigid base through a preset resistance material plate, and one end of the blazed grating is hingedly fixed to the base through a rotating shaft.
  • the grating sensing structure is horizontally arranged on the base; as shown in Figure 5, where the grating sensing structure and the optical fiber are arranged at an angle of 45 degrees, the light on the optical fiber is emitted onto the blazed grating through the collimating lens, The blazed grating then reflects the light back to the fiber.
  • the mass and the rigid base are relatively displaced, the blazed grating is deflected, and the angle of the light emitted from the fiber changes, so that the peak wavelength of the light reflected into the fiber changes, and the fiber can be measured Axial acceleration changes.
  • the grating sensing structure is horizontally arranged on the base, and the reflecting mirror is arranged on the upper right side of the grating sensing structure and the lower part of the collimating lens.
  • the blazed grating can be installed with a reflector in front of the fiber collimating lens.
  • the angle between the reflector and the blazed grating is 67.5 degrees. After the straight lens is focused, it passes through the mirror to reflect the light onto the blazed grating, and then is reflected again by the blazed grating to return to the original path and return to the optical fiber.
  • the mass and the rigid base are relatively displaced, the blazed grating is deflected, and the angle of the light emitted from the fiber changes, so that the peak wavelength of the light reflected into the fiber changes, and the fiber can be measured Axial acceleration changes.
  • the grating sensing structure is horizontally arranged on the base, and the reflecting mirror is arranged at the lower part of the right side of the grating sensing structure and the lower part of the collimating lens.
  • the light emitted by the optical fiber is focused by a collimating lens and then passes through a reflector to reflect the light onto the blazed grating, and then reflected by the blazed grating again to return to the original path and return to the optical fiber.
  • the mass and the rigid base are relatively displaced, the blazed grating is deflected, and the angle of the light emitted from the fiber changes, so that the peak wavelength of the light reflected into the fiber changes, and the fiber can be measured Axial acceleration changes.
  • the grating sensing structure is vertically arranged on the base, the reflecting mirror is arranged on the right side of the upper part of the grating sensing structure and the lower part of the collimating lens.
  • the reflector is placed directly under the collimator lens, and the light of the optical fiber is focused on the collimator lens and irradiated on the mirror, the mirror The light is reflected onto the blazed grating, and the blazed grating returns the received light back to the optical fiber.
  • the mass and the rigid base are relatively displaced, the blazed grating is deflected, and the angle of the light emitted from the fiber changes, so that the peak wavelength of the light reflected into the fiber changes, and the fiber can be measured Axial acceleration changes.
  • the grating sensing structure is vertically arranged on the base, the reflecting mirror is arranged on the right side of the lower part of the grating sensing structure and the lower part of the collimating lens.
  • the reflector is located directly under the collimator lens, and the light of the optical fiber is focused on the collimator lens and irradiated on the mirror, the mirror The light is reflected onto the blazed grating, and the blazed grating returns the received light back to the optical fiber of the path.
  • the mass and the rigid base are relatively displaced, the blazed grating is deflected, and the angle of the light emitted from the fiber changes, so that the peak wavelength of the light reflected into the fiber changes, and the fiber can be measured Axial acceleration changes.
  • the grating sensing structure is vertically arranged on the base, and no reflecting mirror is provided, and the grating sensing structure is arranged under the collimating lens.
  • the grating sensing structure is vertically arranged on the base, the reflecting mirror is arranged on the right side of the lower part of the grating sensing structure and the lower part of the collimating lens.
  • the grating sensing structure is vertically arranged on the base, the reflecting mirror is arranged on the right side of the lower part of the grating sensing structure and the lower part of the collimating lens.
  • the relative position of the grating sensing structure and the optical fiber can be set according to the requirements to realize the measurement of the axial vibration of the optical fiber and further the measurement of the acceleration, which has a wide practical range.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un capteur de température et de vibration intégré connecté en série utilisant un réseau blazé et une fibre optique à réseau de Bragg sur fibre, pour résoudre le problème de l'état de la technique où des capteurs de température et de vibration intégrés ont une grande dérive du zéro, nécessitent une maintenance et un étalonnage réguliers et ne fournissent pas une précision d'échantillonnage suffisante. Le capteur comprend : un boîtier (200) pourvu d'un réseau de Bragg sur fibre (500) et comportant une structure de mesure de vibration de réseau blazé (600) ; et un câble optique (100) ayant une extrémité s'étendant à l'intérieur du boîtier (200), et une fibre optique (110) sortant de celle-ci, le réseau de Bragg à fibre (500) étant inscrit sur une partie supérieure de la fibre optique (110), et la structure de mesure de vibration de réseau blazé (600) étant connectée à une extrémité terminale de la fibre optique (110). Le capteur présente un petit volume, une structure simple et facile à assembler, une faible dérive du zéro et une résistance élevée à l'interférence électromagnétique, est exempt de bruit électrique, et permet d'obtenir une précision de mesure et une fiabilité de connexion élevées.
PCT/CN2019/119337 2018-12-21 2019-11-19 Capteur de température et de vibration intégré connecté en série utilisant un réseau blazé et une fibre optique à réseau de bragg sur fibre WO2020125305A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811573855.8 2018-12-21
CN201811573855.8A CN109506765A (zh) 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 一种基于闪耀光栅和光纤光栅的光纤温振串联一体传感器

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WO2020125305A1 true WO2020125305A1 (fr) 2020-06-25

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109506765A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2019-03-22 宁波中车时代传感技术有限公司 一种基于闪耀光栅和光纤光栅的光纤温振串联一体传感器

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CN109506765A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2019-03-22 宁波中车时代传感技术有限公司 一种基于闪耀光栅和光纤光栅的光纤温振串联一体传感器

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CN102175274A (zh) * 2011-01-28 2011-09-07 陕西科技大学 基于分布式fbg传感器的多物理量测量传感信号识别方法及装置
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CN106443065A (zh) * 2016-07-01 2017-02-22 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 高精度波长形加速度传感器及其制备方法
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CN109506766A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2019-03-22 宁波中车时代传感技术有限公司 一种基于闪耀光栅和光纤光栅的光纤温振并联一体传感器
CN109506765A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2019-03-22 宁波中车时代传感技术有限公司 一种基于闪耀光栅和光纤光栅的光纤温振串联一体传感器

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