WO2020124191A1 - Composições alimentícia e aditiva, bem como usos da lignina e da composição aditiva - Google Patents
Composições alimentícia e aditiva, bem como usos da lignina e da composição aditiva Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020124191A1 WO2020124191A1 PCT/BR2019/050557 BR2019050557W WO2020124191A1 WO 2020124191 A1 WO2020124191 A1 WO 2020124191A1 BR 2019050557 W BR2019050557 W BR 2019050557W WO 2020124191 A1 WO2020124191 A1 WO 2020124191A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lignin
- fact
- food
- additive
- food composition
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 225
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 92
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 108010007622 LDL Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 22
- 102000007330 LDL Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920005611 kraft lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 15
- 210000001198 duodenum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000001630 jejunum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019739 Dicalciumphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940038472 dicalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000390 dicalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000683 abdominal cavity Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008476 powdered milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 123
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 75
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 62
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 62
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 36
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 33
- 108010010234 HDL Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 26
- 102000015779 HDL Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 26
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 21
- 235000020940 control diet Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000010162 Tukey test Methods 0.000 description 17
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 16
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 16
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000021053 average weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- -1 premix Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 10
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 9
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 8
- 210000003405 ileum Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 244000004281 Eucalyptus maculata Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000013594 poultry meat Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 206010004542 Bezoar Diseases 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 6
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000004347 intestinal mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- RVBUGGBMJDPOST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-thiobarbituric acid Chemical compound O=C1CC(=O)NC(=S)N1 RVBUGGBMJDPOST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 4
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiamine Natural products CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000000579 abdominal fat Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 235000008160 pyridoxine Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011677 pyridoxine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019192 riboflavin Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000002151 riboflavin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019157 thiamine Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiamine Chemical compound CC1=C(CCO)SCN1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011721 thiamine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000003495 Coccidiosis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010023076 Isosporiasis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 108010028554 LDL Cholesterol Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004895 Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090001030 Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229960002079 calcium pantothenate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003053 completely randomized design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000015872 dietary supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 210000004317 gizzard Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000013425 morphometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000002303 tibia Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLMDJJTUQPXZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane Chemical compound C1COCCOCCNCCOCCOCCN1 NLMDJJTUQPXZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000000385 Brassica napus var. napus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000008214 LDL Cholesterol Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000003187 abdominal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006053 animal diet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011436 cob Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012259 ether extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940007062 eucalyptus extract Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002489 hematologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003859 lipid peroxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010022197 lipoprotein cholesterol Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000004877 mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000004798 organs belonging to the digestive system Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000019449 other food additives Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013406 prebiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019195 vitamin supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000272517 Anseriformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010071619 Apolipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007592 Apolipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010083590 Apoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000006410 Apoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014698 Brassica juncea var multisecta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006618 Brassica rapa subsp oleifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008886 Ceratonia siliqua Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013912 Ceratonia siliqua Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004470 DL Methionine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 244000165963 Eucalyptus camaldulensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010016952 Food poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000019331 Foodborne disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010023302 HDL Cholesterol Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malondialdehyde Chemical compound O=CCC=O WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000678 Mycotoxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000286209 Phasianidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000282849 Ruminantia Species 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000271567 Struthioniformes Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000270666 Testudines Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000524 Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Threonine Natural products CC(O)C(N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004473 Threonine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000250129 Trigonella foenum graecum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001484 Trigonella foenum graecum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000078534 Vaccinium myrtillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017537 Vaccinium myrtillus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019728 animal nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001165 anti-coccidial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000883 anti-obesity agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125710 antiobesity agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010504 bond cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019519 canola oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000828 canola oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000001841 cholesterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002192 coccidiostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015143 herbs and spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007413 intestinal health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002555 ionophore Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000236 ionophoric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002029 lignocellulosic biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012978 lignocellulosic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methionine Chemical compound CSCCC(N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006109 methionine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003562 morphometric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002636 mycotoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019462 natural additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000021253 non-digestible food component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036542 oxidative stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930015704 phenylpropanoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000001474 phenylpropanoid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006029 phytogenic feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001303 quality assessment method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003763 resistance to breakage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010972 statistical evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000001019 trigonella foenum-graecum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001228 trophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/32—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from hydrolysates of wood or straw
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/111—Aromatic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/61—Myrtaceae (Myrtle family), e.g. teatree or eucalyptus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2250/00—Food ingredients
- A23V2250/20—Natural extracts
- A23V2250/21—Plant extracts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S426/00—Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
- Y10S426/807—Poultry or ruminant feed
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a food composition comprising lignin as a food additive, to a food composition comprising an additive composition which, in turn, comprises lignin, to an additive composition comprising lignin, as well as to the uses of lignin and additive composition.
- Benefits are also revealed for the animal, as well as for products derived from it, of the food composition comprising lignin or comprising an additive composition comprising lignin.
- antibiotics as growth-promoting food additives creates difficulties in commercialization between countries for the food industry, since animals whose food contained antibiotics are not allowed in some international markets.
- the European Union for example, banned the use of antibiotics as growth-promoting additives in 2006.
- US 2004/0241194 describes a combination of extracts of eucalyptus leaves, bilberry leaves and fenugreek seeds, as a food supplement for inclusion in a food composition for the curative or preventive treatment of coccidiosis in ruminants, poultry, rabbits and pigs.
- eucalyptus extract is present in the form of an essential oil that represents between 8 and 15%, by weight, of the said supplement.
- the supplement described in this document beneficial in animal weight gain.
- the document US 7,150,889 reveals the use of plant extract of the genus Eucolyptus in food compositions in order to decrease weight gain and prevent diseases related to weight gain and fat accumulation.
- the purpose of the invention is to provide an anti-obesity agent.
- the document makes it clear that eucalyptus extract has an effective action in inhibiting weight gain.
- additives from natural and renewable sources are sought, of low cost and capable of being obtained on a large scale.
- An additive that has been studied in the art is lignin, a product from a natural and renewable source, of low cost and capable of being obtained on a large scale.
- lignin was considered only as waste material, a by-product of cellulose extraction. It is present in large quantities in all plants. Grasses contain 17 to 24%, softwoods (softwood) from 18 to 25% and hardwoods (hordwood) from 27 to 33% by weight of lignin.
- DE 10106078 describes the use of lignin in food for human or animal consumption.
- the lignin present in food compositions acts as an adsorbent or binder for toxins and has the function of binding to mycotoxin and eliminating it in feces in order to prevent food poisoning.
- WO 2017/056275 also addresses the problem of formation of hair ball by licking animals. According to this document, the formation of a hairball in the animal's body induces the vomiting of the hairball and, consequently, of the food eaten by the animal.
- publication WO 2017/056275 describes an animal feed comprising refined cellulose which comprises a lignin content by weight of less than 1%, more preferably 0, 3% or less. Again, there is no systemic absorption of the cellulose contained in the food by the animal and the source of lignin is crude lignin contained in the cellulose.
- the food composition of the present invention which comprises up to 5% by weight of lignin or comprises an additive composition comprising up to 99% of lignin, wherein the lignin is preferably isolated lignin.
- the lignin present in the compositions of the invention is absorbed and acts in the animal organism in a beneficial way, even improving the characteristics of products originating from that animal.
- a food composition comprising up to 5% by weight of a food additive, wherein the food additive is lignin, is described here.
- the composition comprises 1 to 3%, by weight, of the food additive.
- the additive composition is a supplement, concentrate, premix, core, among others.
- the additive composition is for preparing a food composition comprising up to 5%, by weight, of a food additive, wherein the food additive is lignin.
- a food composition comprising said additive composition is further described here.
- the lignin present in the food and additive compositions of the invention is isolated lignin.
- the lignin is kraft lignin.
- kraft lignin is hardwood kraft lignin.
- hardwood is eucalyptus wood.
- the food compositions of the present invention comprise usual components of animal feed such as sugar, flour, bran, starch, cane juice, cane molasses, yeast, powdered milk, oils, sorghum, corn, toasted whole soy, amino acids, limestone, dicalcium phosphate, salt, vitamins, folic acid, choline chloride, antioxidants, minerals, and other usual components of a food composition.
- animal feed such as sugar, flour, bran, starch, cane juice, cane molasses, yeast, powdered milk, oils, sorghum, corn, toasted whole soy, amino acids, limestone, dicalcium phosphate, salt, vitamins, folic acid, choline chloride, antioxidants, minerals, and other usual components of a food composition.
- the food composition of the present invention comprises lignin, whether or not part of an additive composition, corn, soybean meal, dicalcium phosphate, limestone, soybean oil, salt, DI-methionine, vitamins A, D3, E, K3, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, B12, biotin and niacin, calcium pantothenate, folic acid, choline chloride, antioxidant, iron, copper, manganese, zinc, iodine and selenium.
- the food composition is an animal feed composition. [031] In one embodiment of the invention, the food composition improves the animal's zootechnical performance.
- the improvement of zootechnical performance is selected from the group consisting of increased weight gain, reduced food consumption, reduced feed conversion, reduced fat levels, reduced fat deposition in the cavity abdominal and intestinal histomorphological changes.
- the reduction in fat levels is a reduction in the levels of LDL, HDL, triglycerides, plasma oxidation or Tbars.
- the intestinal histomorphological changes are the increase in the depth of the crypts or the increase in the height of the villi. In another preferred embodiment, intestinal histomorphological changes occur in the jejunum and / or duodenum.
- the food composition improves the characteristics of products of animal origin.
- the improvement of characteristics in products of animal origin is selected from the group consisting of delaying the oxidative effects in the postmortem of chicken meat, reducing oxidation and cholesterol in eggs and increasing resistance and in the weight of the eggshells.
- the food composition is for feeding farm animals and pets.
- farm animals are monogastric animals.
- the food composition is for feeding birds.
- the use of lignin as a food additive in a food composition or in an additive composition is also described here.
- lignin as a food additive in a food composition
- said food composition comprises up to 5% by weight of lignin. More preferably, the food composition comprises 1 to 3% by weight of lignin.
- lignin is kraft lignin, preferably hardwood kraft lignin, more preferably eucalyptus kraft lignin.
- lignin as a food additive in a food composition is described, in which the said food composition is an animal feed composition.
- the said food composition improves the animal's zootechnical performance.
- the improvement of zootechnical performance is selected from the group consisting of increased weight gain, reduced food consumption, reduced feed conversion, reduced fat levels, reduced fat deposition in the abdominal cavity and intestinal histomorphological changes.
- the reduction in fat levels is a reduction in the levels of LDL, HDL, triglycerides, plasma oxidation or Tbars.
- the intestinal histomorphological changes are the increase in the depth of the crypts or the increase in the height of the villi. In another preferred embodiment, intestinal histomorphological changes occur in the jejunum and / or duodenum.
- the food composition improves the characteristics of products of animal origin.
- the improvement of characteristics in products of animal origin is selected from the group consisting of delaying the oxidative effects in the post mortem of chicken meat, reducing oxidation and cholesterol in eggs and increasing resistance and in the weight of the eggshells.
- the aforementioned food composition is for feeding farm animals or pets.
- farm animals are monogastric animals.
- the food composition is for poultry feeding.
- lignin to prepare a food composition to improve the zootechnical performance of animals and / or the characteristics of products of animal origin is described, wherein said food composition comprises up to 5% by weight, of lignin. More preferably, the food composition comprises 1 to 3% by weight of lignin.
- lignin is kraft lignin, preferably hardwood kraft lignin, more preferably eucalyptus kraft lignin.
- the food composition is an animal feed composition.
- the improvement of zootechnical performance is selected from the group consisting of increased weight gain, reduced food consumption, reduced feed conversion, reduced fat levels, reduced fat deposition in the abdominal cavity and intestinal histomorphological changes.
- the reduction in fat levels is a reduction in the levels of LDL, HDL, triglycerides, plasma oxidation or Tbars.
- the intestinal histomorphological changes are the increase in the depth of the crypts or the increase in the height of the villi. In another preferred embodiment, intestinal histomorphological changes occur in the jejunum and / or duodenum.
- the improvement of characteristics in products of animal origin is selected from the group consisting of delaying the oxidative effects in the post mortem of chicken meat, reduction of oxidation and cholesterol in eggs and increase in resistance and in weight of egg shells.
- the aforementioned food composition is for feeding farm animals or pets.
- farm animals are monogastric animals.
- the food composition is for poultry feeding.
- Figure 01 represents the generic chemical structure assumed for lignin.
- Figure 02 represents a viability graph of the chicken batch, during four productive cycles, fed with different levels of lignin.
- Figure 03 represents a graph of the regression equation for feed consumption (g / bird / day), according to the level of inclusion of lignin in the diet, after four productive cycles.
- Figure 04 represents a graph of the regression equation for egg production (%), according to the level of inclusion of lignin in the diet, after four productive cycles.
- Figure 05 represents a graph of the regression equation for egg weight (g), as a function of the level of inclusion of lignin in the diet, after four productive cycles.
- Figure 06 represents a graph of the regression equation for percentage of dirty eggs found for birds fed different levels of lignin in the diet, during four productive cycles.
- Figure 07 represents a graph of the regression equation for specific gravity of eggs, depending on the level of inclusion of lignin in the diet, after four productive cycles.
- Figure 08 represents a graph of the regression equation for eggshell resistance, as a function of the level of inclusion of lignin in the diet, after four productive cycles.
- Figure 09 represents a graph of the regression equation for percentage of eggshells, depending on the level of inclusion of lignin in the diet, after four productive cycles.
- Figures 10 to 15 represent graphs that indicate, respectively, the total cholesterol content in egg yolk, the Tbar content in egg yolk, the resistance of the eggshell, the percentage of eggshell, the percentage of egg yolk and the percentage of egg albumen versus the storage period, in which the eggs come from laying hens fed different levels of lignin inclusion and storage is up to 30 days.
- the present invention relates to food compositions comprising lignin or comprising an additive composition which, in turn, comprises lignin as a food additive, which lead to the improvement of the animal's zootechnical performance and / or the improvement of the characteristics in the products of animal origin.
- the present invention also relates to additive compositions comprising lignin.
- Food additives are defined as products used in animal nutrition for the purpose of improving the quality of the food or improving the performance and health of the animal.
- Additives can be technological, sensory, nutritional, zootechnical or coccidiostatic and histomonostatic.
- Additives can be included in the food composition as part of an additive composition comprising other additives or as isolated components. When included in the food composition as part of an additive composition, it can be a concentrated composition that mainly comprises an additive component or it can be a vitamin supplement.
- the food compositions of the invention can comprise up to 5% by weight, preferably between 1 and 3%, by weight, of lignin or an additive composition comprising lignin.
- additive composition means any composition added to the final product comprising vitamins, nutrients or other performance-enhancing components, in which the final product is intended for animal feed.
- additive compositions are supplements, concentrates, premixes, cores, among others.
- the additive compositions of the invention can be, for example, concentrates comprising up to 99% by weight of lignin or vitamin supplements comprising up to 5% by weight of lignin.
- the food compositions of the present invention further comprise usual components of animal feed such as, for example, sugar; flours, such as carob flour, sweet potatoes, coconut, fish, blood, meat and bones, and feathers; bran, such as cottonseed, peanut, canola, soy, rice and wheat bran; starch; cane juice; cane molasses; yeast; powdered milk; oils, such as canola, corn and soybean oil; sorghum; corn; toasted whole soy; amino acids; limestone; dicalcium phosphate; salt; vitamins, such as vitamins A, D3, E, K3, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, B12, biotin and niacin; folic acid; choline chloride; antioxidants; minerals, such as iron, copper, manganese, zinc, iodine and selenium; and other usual components of a food composition.
- animal feed such as, for example, sugar; flours, such as carob flour, sweet potatoes, coconut, fish, blood,
- the food composition of the present invention comprises lignin as part or not of an additive composition, corn, soybean meal, dicalcium phosphate, limestone, soybean oil, salt, DI-methionine, vitamins A, D3 , E, K3, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, B12, biotin and niacin, calcium pantothenate, folic acid, choline chloride, antioxidant, iron, copper, manganese, zinc, iodine and selenium.
- Lignin can be used on a large scale and has a low cost, being an advantageous option compared to the natural products used with this function currently.
- compositions of the invention Any type of isolated lignin can be used in the compositions of the invention, with kraft lignin being preferred. Even more preferably, the food and additive compositions of the invention comprise hardwood kraft lignin, preferably eucalyptus.
- Lignin can be incorporated into the food composition of the invention in the form of powder, granules, pellets, liquid or as part of an additive composition comprising other additives.
- lignin can be incorporated in the form of powder, granules, pellets or liquid.
- Lignin can be technically defined as an amorphous material derived from dehydrogenative reactions of three types of phenylpropanoids: trans-coniferyl (type-G), trans-synaphyl (type-S) and trans-pcumaryl ( type-H), which can be connected in different ways by covalent bonds, with no repetitive unit (characteristic of polymers), but a complex arrangement of such precursor units that generate macromolecules.
- lignin Like all natural matter, lignin presents substantial differences in its composition, structure and purity, which affect its properties and, consequently, its application potentials. Such variations depend on the botanical origin, since the ratio of the generating units (H / G / S) changes according to the type of plant. For example, this ratio is 0-5 / 95-100 / 0 in softwood (softwood), 0-8 / 25-50 / 46-75 in hardwood (hardwood) and 5-33 / 33-80 / 20- 54 in grasses.
- Lignin from biomass is in the form of ligninocellulosic biomass, which is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.
- the processes to isolate lignin from lignocellulosic biomass generate structural changes and scissions in the native lignin chain. Therefore, the extracted (isolated) lignin does not have the same characteristics and effects in the application of crude lignin contained in the lignocellulosic fiber.
- the food and additive compositions of the present invention comprise isolated lignin.
- lignin has a very complex chemical structure. There are models that seek to describe it, but there is no full definition. Figure 01 presents a supposed formula for this.
- Kraft lignin is that obtained by the kraft extraction process. Such a process is the most common in the pulp and paper industry. In it, wood particles are treated with a solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide at 150 - 180 ° C. The process provides a lignin with a higher content of phenolic hydroxyl groups, stable carbon-carbon bonds in alkaline medium and introduction of quantities sulfur.
- the isolated lignin presents a fragmented and more reactive structure, which allows it to be absorbed by the animals' organism, while the crude lignin from biomass does not have this absorption capacity.
- compositions of the invention comprising up to 5% by weight of lignin or an additive composition comprising up to 99% of lignin promote a prebiotic effect to the animal, providing an improvement in its health and zootechnical performance, in addition to optimizing the use of food resources against a negative control diet.
- the compositions of the present invention promote an improvement in the characteristics of products originating from animals that consume said compositions.
- Prebiotic is a nondigestible food component that has beneficial properties, by selectively stimulating the growth or activity of microorganisms in the intestinal flora.
- the improvement in zootechnical performance promoted by the food composition of the invention consists of increased weight gain, reduced food consumption, reduced feed conversion, increased live weight, reduced fat levels, reduced fat deposition in the cavity abdominal, promotion of intestinal mucosa development and / or intestinal histomorphological changes, when compared to a negative control diet.
- a negative control diet according to the invention consists of a diet without lignin and / or any other food additives in its composition.
- feed conversion means a measure of animal productivity defined by the total feed consumption divided by the animals' weight gain.
- live weight refers to the total weight of the live animal.
- LDL low density lipoprotein
- HDL high density lipoprotein
- lipoproteins refers to macromolecules that contain lipids and proteins known as apolipoproteins or apoproteins.
- triglycerides refers to lipids that are esters formed by one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids.
- Plasmid oxidation refers to lipid peroxidation.
- Tbars refers to the quantification of lipid peroxidation and can be defined as substances that react to thiobarbituric acid.
- intestinal histomorphological changes means that there is an increase in the depth of the crypts or the height of the villi of the gastrointestinal tract.
- villi refers to intestinal villi, which are structures that protect themselves in the intestinal lumen.
- crypts refers to intestinal crypts, which are tubular glands found in the pits located between the villi.
- the improvement in animal health promoted by the food composition of the present invention consists of a reduction in serum fat levels and / or plasma oxidation, the latter being provided by the action antioxidant of lignin.
- the improvement in the animal's health can be understood as a reduction in the levels of LDL, HDL, triglycerides, plasma oxidation or Tbars, when compared to a negative control diet.
- HDL levels are considered ideal to be higher than LDL levels, since high-density lipoproteins collect cholesterol from cells and transport it back to the liver for reprocessing, decreasing circulating cholesterol.
- the food composition of the invention has the ability to promote an increase in weight gain of between 8 and 14% and / or an increase in live weight of between 6 and 11%.
- the food composition of the invention has the ability to also promote a reduction in feed conversion of between 9 and 20% and / or a reduction in feed consumption of up to 16%.
- the food composition of the invention also has the capacity to promote a reduction in the accumulation of cavitary fat of between 10 and 40%; a reduction in blood LDL levels of between 2 and 24%; a reduction in blood HDL levels of between 8 and 24%; a reduction in triglyceride levels of between 13 and 34% and / or a reduction in plasma oxidation of between 15 and 35%.
- the food composition of the invention has the ability to promote an increase in villus height of up to 24% and / or an increase in the depth of the crypts of between 10 and 40%.
- a positive control diet can be understood as a diet containing food additives normally used to improve zootechnical performance, such as, for example, antibiotics, natural extracts or essential oils used as growth promoters.
- the food composition is an animal feed composition.
- the feed composition is for feeding farm animals and pets.
- farm animals means an animal whose purpose of creation is to obtain meat, milk, eggs, wool, skin, leather and honey or any other product for commercial purposes.
- farm animals include cattle, chickens, fish, pigs, sheep, bees, crustaceans, rabbits, ducks, turkeys, ostriches, among others.
- pet animals as used herein means an animal belonging to species created and maintained by man for its entertainment, without the purpose of supplying products or by-products of economic interest.
- Non-limiting examples of pet animals include dogs, cats, fish, birds, turtles, among others.
- products obtained from farm animals fed with the food composition of the present invention also have the antioxidant effect observed in the animals themselves that consumed.
- such products have a lower level and speed of oxidation and, consequently, a longer shelf life.
- examples of these products are meat, milk and eggs.
- compositions of the present invention Due to the ingestion of the compositions of the present invention by animals, for example, a delay in oxidative effects in the postmortem of chicken meat has been found, a reduction in oxidation and cholesterol in eggs and an increase in resistance and weight of the egg shells.
- the food composition of the invention can be prepared by any conventional techniques used in the food or pharmaceutical industry and comprise additional components widely used in these industries.
- the additive composition of the invention can be prepared by any conventional techniques used in the food or pharmaceutical industry and comprise additional food additives widely used in these industries.
- the invention also relates to the use of lignin as a food additive in the food and additive compositions of the invention described above as a substitute for additives on the market.
- the invention also relates to the use of lignin as a food additive for the preparation of food compositions or additives of the invention described above as a substitute for additives on the market.
- the invention also relates to the use of the additive composition comprising up to 99% lignin as a food additive for the preparation of the food compositions of the invention.
- the study in example 1 evaluates the performance data of the animals.
- the parameters evaluated were body weight and body weight gain, feed intake, corrected feed conversion and mortality.
- Example 3 shows the evaluation of the hematological parameters of the study animals.
- Example 4 the experiments carried out to evaluate the histomorphometry of the intestine of animals fed with the food compositions of the invention are presented.
- control diet was formulated without the inclusion of ionophore anticoccidial and without any other additives, and the other diets with isolated supplementation of lignin powder, as described below:
- composition of the experimental diets in such studies presented in examples 1 to 4 was based on corn, soybean meal, dicalcium phosphate, limestone, soybean oil, salt, Dl-methionine, vitamins A, D3, E, K3 , thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, B12, biotin and niacin, calcium pantothenate, folic acid, choline chloride, antioxidant, iron, copper, manganese, zinc, iodine and selenium, in concentrations consistent with the percentage of nutrients required for the animal , according to the reference "ROSTAGNO, HS (Ed.). Brazilian tables for poultry and swine: food composition and nutritional requirements. 3 ⁇ ed.
- Example 5 represents a study, divided into two experiments, on the use of lignin in broiler chickens.
- performance data and digestibility of ether extract, protein and amino acids were evaluated.
- performance data, carcass characteristics, bone mineral matter, intestinal morphometry, triglyceride levels and blood cholesterol and meat quality were evaluated.
- example 6 represents a study on the use of lignin in diets for laying birds, indicating performance in these birds and advantages in the characteristics of the eggs produced by them.
- Performance evaluations were carried out at the S ⁇ o Paulo East Pole.
- the birds were housed in a masonry shed at APTA Regional do Leste Paulista, with dimensions of 23 m long and 9 m wide, equipped with 24 boxes of 1.75 x 1.65 m with capacity for 25 birds each.
- the boxes were equipped with individual electric hoods, feeders and independent drinking fountains suitable for each stage of bird growth.
- the shed was built in masonry, with a dirt floor, fans, clay tile cover, masonry side walls (0.5 m high), side screen and mobile plastic curtains.
- 24 experimental units were used. Each unit was lined with a new bed of wood shavings spread evenly at a height of approximately 10 cm.
- Each experimental unit was equipped with a semi-automatic tubular infant feeder (metallic with plastic tray, capacity 10 kg), nipple-type water dispenser, 250 watt infrared lamp used as a heating source; on the tenth day of creation of the birds, the boxes were equipped with an adult tubular feeder (metallic with plastic tray, capacity 20 kg).
- the lighting program used was 23 hours of daylight and 1 hour of darkness (at the end of the day), supplementing natural light with artificial light.
- Dead birds were removed daily and mortality recorded through the experimental unit number, bird weight and day of occurrence. Poultry and leftover feed were weighed weekly, from the day of housing until the end of the experimental period, at 63 days of rearing. Scales with a capacity of 15.0 kg were used for initial weighing and for dead birds, and 150 kg for other weekly weighings. The feeder was shaken outside the boxes twice a day and dead birds were removed with a handle. The feed intake was made in specific buckets for each treatment, following the order of treatments (starting with the control).
- Performance data has been obtained and analyzed in the cumulative periods. The following data were collected and / or calculated.
- Body weight and body weight gain all birds from each experimental plot were weighed at 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56 and 63 days of age to calculate average body weight. The weight gain was calculated in accumulated periods, through the difference between the weight of the birds at the beginning of each week and the weight of the birds at the end of the week.
- Feed consumption was determined by the difference between the amount of feed provided at the beginning and the leftovers existing at the end of each weekly period, the result obtained was divided by the average number of birds in each experimental plot.
- Feed conversion corrected feed conversion was calculated by dividing the total weight of the feed consumed by the birds in the plot, expressed in kilograms, by the total weight of the birds in the same period also expressed in kilograms. In the calculation, the weight and feed consumption of dead birds in each evaluated period was considered.
- Table 1 Performance of Caipira chickens at 21 days of age submitted to diets with different levels of lignin inclusion
- GPM average weight gain
- CA feed conversion
- PV live weight
- Mort Mortality
- CRM average feed consumption
- a, b, c means for each factor followed by different letters on the line differ from each other by the Tukey test (P ⁇ 0.05).
- Table 2 Performance of colonial-type chickens from 21 to 42 days of age submitted to diets with different levels of lignin inclusion
- GPM average weight gain
- CA feed conversion
- PV live weight
- Mort Mortality
- CRM average feed intake.
- Table 3 Performance of colonial type chickens from 42 to 63 days of age submitted to diets with different levels of lignin inclusion
- GPM average weight gain
- CA feed conversion
- PV live weight
- Mort Mortality
- CRM average feed intake.
- Table 4 Performance of colonial-type chickens at 63 days of age submitted to diets with different levels of lignin inclusion
- GPM average weight gain
- CA feed conversion
- PV live weight
- Mort Mortality
- CRM average feed intake.
- Carcass yield assessments were carried out at PRDTA Leste Paulista. At 63 days of creation, 2 birds were banded per experimental unit (one male and one female), totaling 12 birds / treatment. The birds were subjected to an eight-hour fast and transported in plastic boxes to the procedure site, where they were slaughtered by bleeding, after stunning by electric shock. The cuts obtained were: eviscerated carcass (without feet, neck and head), chest with bone, legs (thigh + thigh), back and wings. To calculate carcass yield, the live weight on the platform, immediately before slaughter, and the eviscerated and cooled carcass weight, without head, neck and feet, were taken as a basis. The yields of breast and legs (thigh and drumstick) were calculated in relation to the weight of the eviscerated carcass.
- Tables 5.1 and 5.2 Carcass yield (%) and vital organs of type chicken hillbilly males (M) and females (F) at 63 days of age submitted to diets with different levels of lignin inclusion.
- PV live weight
- PCar weight of eviscerated carcass
- RC carcass yield
- RAsa wing yield
- RPei breast yield
- RPer leg yield
- a and b means for each factor followed by different letters on the line differ from each other by the Tukey test (P ⁇ 0.05).
- RDorso back yield
- RCor heart yield
- RMoela gizzard yield
- RFig liver yield
- RGor abdominal fat yield
- b averages for each factor followed by different letters in the line, they differ from each other by the Tukey test (P ⁇ 0.05).
- a and b means for each factor followed by different letters in the line differ from each other by the Tukey test (P ⁇ 0.05).
- Tables 8.1, 8.2 and 8.3 Villus height (AV), crypt depth (CP) and villus: crypt ratio (VC) of the small intestine segments of broilers at 63 days of age
- a and b means for each factor followed by different letters in the line differ from each other by the Tukey test (P ⁇ 0.05)
- a and b means for each factor followed by different letters in the line differ from each other by the Tukey test (P ⁇ 0.05)
- lignin is a substitute for performance-enhancing antibiotics and other types of zootechnical additives.
- the present study aims to evaluate the effect of lignin supplementation on the diet of broilers from 1 to 42 days of age.
- experiment I 490 male broiler chicks of the Cobb 500 line were used, housed in metabolic cages, which were distributed in a completely randomized design, with 5 treatments and 14 repetitions of 07 birds each, totaling 70 experimental plots.
- the 5 treatments performed are: Positive control diet with antibiotic 0% lignin (Tl); Negative control diet: no addition of lignin (T2); Negative control diet + 1% lignin (T3); Negative control diet + 2% lignin (T4); Negative control diet + 3% lignin (T5).
- the present study aims to evaluate the use of lignin in diets for laying birds. As will be shown in detail below, the study indicates both an improvement in performance in birds, as well as advantages in the characteristics of the eggs obtained by them.
- the experimental period was subdivided into 4 cycles of 21 days, totaling 84 experimental days, when the birds were between 59 weeks at 71 weeks old. In the last three days of each experimental period, 72 eggs were collected per treatment, totaling 288 eggs per cycle of 21 days. These eggs were used for the evaluation of egg weight, specific gravity, percentage of yolk, percentage of albumen, percentage and resistance of the shell.
- Feed consumption (g / bird / day): every time the feed was distributed to birds, they were weighed and, at the end of each week, the excess was weighed in the feeders, thus calculating the weekly feed consumption.
- the yolk percentage was obtained considering the total egg weight and the yolk weight and the same measurement was performed for albumen, according to the equations below:
- Shell percentage the shell percentage was obtained considering the total egg weight and the shell weight, which was measured after the shells were dried in an oven at 60 5 C for 3 days. The equation below expresses this measure:
- Figure 02 represents a graph that illustrates the feasibility data for the TI to T4 treatments in the present study in each production cycle. As can be seen in the figure, the different levels of lignin inclusion did not affect (p> 0.05) the viability of the flock of birds, with each 1.04% representing a bird.
- Table 23 indicates the performance data of the birds studied, as well as the product characteristic regarding the% of eggs dirty.
- Table 23 Performance of birds supplemented with different levels of lignin.
- Table 24 Egg quality of birds supplemented with different levels of lignin.
- Table 25 Total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, HDL and Tbars values in the blood serum of laying hens supplemented with different levels of lignin.
- Table 26 Total cholesterol and Tbars values in laying hens eggs supplemented with different levels of lignin.
- Tables 27 to 29 below show the shelf life data for the quality of eggs from the birds in the present study and stored up to 30 days in the refrigerator.
- Table 28 Egg quality parameters of laying hens fed different levels of inclusion of ignin in the diet
- Table 29 Percentage composition parameters for laying hens' eggs fed different levels of lignin in the diet.
- Figures 10 to 15 represent graphs which demonstrate the behaviors of the levels of total cholesterol and Tbars, as well as the characteristics of shell resistance, percentage of shell, yolk and albumen of eggs during the 30 days of storage.
- the duodenum is the portion responsible for most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients.
- the jejunum in turn, is mainly responsible for the absorption of oils, fats and fat-soluble vitamins.
- the ileum is the portion responsible for most of the absorption of water, minerals and water-soluble vitamins.
- the crypt is responsible for the formation of new intestinal cells. When the depth of the crypt is very high and, consequently, the viloxripta ratio is lower, it is understood that some stressor agent is promoting the death of active intestinal cells and, therefore, a greater renovation is necessary.
- Table 30 Gut quality of laying hens supplemented with different levels of lignin.
- Duodenum Jejunum ileum Duodenum Jejunum ileum
- Duodenum Jejunum ileum Duodenum Jejunum ileum
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020217021486A KR20210139213A (ko) | 2018-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | 식품 및 첨가제 조성물, 리그닌 및 첨가제 조성물의 용도 |
US17/416,846 US20230157318A2 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Food and additive compositions, and also uses of lignin and the additive composition |
EP19899039.2A EP3900546A4 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | FOOD AND ADDITIVE COMPOSITIONS AND USES OF LIGNIN AND THE ADDITIVE COMPOSITION |
CN201980091165.5A CN113710099A (zh) | 2018-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | 食物和添加剂组合物,以及木质素和添加剂组合物的用途 |
CA3124156A CA3124156A1 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Food and additive compositions, as well as uses of lignin and additive composition |
MX2021007550A MX2021007550A (es) | 2018-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Composiciones alimentaria y aditiva, asi como usos de la lignina y de la composicion aditiva. |
AU2019408275A AU2019408275C1 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Food and additive compositions, and also uses of lignin and the additive composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR102018076813A BR102018076813A2 (pt) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | composições alimentícia e aditiva, bem como usos da lignina e da composição aditiva |
BRBR1020180768131 | 2018-12-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2020124191A1 true WO2020124191A1 (pt) | 2020-06-25 |
Family
ID=71100583
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/BR2019/050557 WO2020124191A1 (pt) | 2018-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Composições alimentícia e aditiva, bem como usos da lignina e da composição aditiva |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230157318A2 (pt) |
EP (1) | EP3900546A4 (pt) |
KR (1) | KR20210139213A (pt) |
CN (1) | CN113710099A (pt) |
AR (1) | AR123747A1 (pt) |
AU (1) | AU2019408275C1 (pt) |
BR (1) | BR102018076813A2 (pt) |
CA (1) | CA3124156A1 (pt) |
CL (1) | CL2021001637A1 (pt) |
MX (1) | MX2021007550A (pt) |
UY (1) | UY38521A (pt) |
WO (1) | WO2020124191A1 (pt) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT526804A1 (de) | 2023-01-11 | 2024-07-15 | Mondi Ag | Verfahren zur Abtrennung von Wasser sowie wenigstens einer Ligninfraktion aus Schwarzlaugefiltraten des Kraft-Prozesses |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10106078A1 (de) | 2001-02-08 | 2002-09-05 | Hans-Joachim Zschiegner | Verwendung von Ligninen, Ligninderivaten, Ligninsulfonsäuren und Ligninsulfonaten als Toxinbindemittel zum Einsatz in der Tierernährung (Futtermittelzusatzstoff), Humanernährung (Nahrungsergänzungsmittel), Phytomedizin/Pflanzenschutz und Lagerwirtschaft (Vorratsschutz) |
US20040047897A1 (en) * | 2000-11-14 | 2004-03-11 | Thomas Backers | Feedstuff |
US20040241194A1 (en) | 2001-12-26 | 2004-12-02 | Phytosynthese | Food supplement for animals |
US7150889B2 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2006-12-19 | Nagaoka Perfumery Co., Ltd. | Anti-obestic composition |
US20130164413A1 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2013-06-27 | Uni-Charm Corporation | Pet food |
WO2017056275A1 (ja) | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-06 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | ペットフード |
JP2018110551A (ja) * | 2017-01-11 | 2018-07-19 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 家禽用飼料 |
WO2018206852A1 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-15 | Aalto University Foundation Sr | Lignin containing microcellulose as an animal feed additive |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102459425B (zh) * | 2009-05-28 | 2015-06-17 | 丽格诺创新有限公司 | 来自硬木原料的天然木素衍生物 |
RU2440121C2 (ru) * | 2009-09-23 | 2012-01-20 | Александр Владимирович Диковский | Ветеринарная фармацевтическая композиция и способ (варианты) профилактики и лечения заболеваний жкт и интоксикаций различной этиологии у животных |
JP2021507885A (ja) * | 2017-12-22 | 2021-02-25 | グリーン イノベーション ゲーエムベーハー | ヒト及び動物の食品用サプリメント成分としてのリグニン画分の使用 |
CN107897527A (zh) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-04-13 | 广州美瑞泰科生物工程技术有限公司 | 一种猪饲料添加剂及猪饲料 |
CN107927430A (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-04-20 | 全椒县金凤凰禽业养殖专业合作社 | 一种鸡饲料添加剂 |
-
2018
- 2018-12-20 BR BR102018076813A patent/BR102018076813A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2019
- 2019-12-18 AR ARP190103739A patent/AR123747A1/es unknown
- 2019-12-19 UY UY0001038521A patent/UY38521A/es unknown
- 2019-12-20 MX MX2021007550A patent/MX2021007550A/es unknown
- 2019-12-20 EP EP19899039.2A patent/EP3900546A4/en active Pending
- 2019-12-20 CN CN201980091165.5A patent/CN113710099A/zh active Pending
- 2019-12-20 KR KR1020217021486A patent/KR20210139213A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-12-20 US US17/416,846 patent/US20230157318A2/en active Pending
- 2019-12-20 AU AU2019408275A patent/AU2019408275C1/en active Active
- 2019-12-20 CA CA3124156A patent/CA3124156A1/en active Pending
- 2019-12-20 WO PCT/BR2019/050557 patent/WO2020124191A1/pt unknown
-
2021
- 2021-06-18 CL CL2021001637A patent/CL2021001637A1/es unknown
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7150889B2 (en) | 2000-01-18 | 2006-12-19 | Nagaoka Perfumery Co., Ltd. | Anti-obestic composition |
US20040047897A1 (en) * | 2000-11-14 | 2004-03-11 | Thomas Backers | Feedstuff |
DE10106078A1 (de) | 2001-02-08 | 2002-09-05 | Hans-Joachim Zschiegner | Verwendung von Ligninen, Ligninderivaten, Ligninsulfonsäuren und Ligninsulfonaten als Toxinbindemittel zum Einsatz in der Tierernährung (Futtermittelzusatzstoff), Humanernährung (Nahrungsergänzungsmittel), Phytomedizin/Pflanzenschutz und Lagerwirtschaft (Vorratsschutz) |
US20040241194A1 (en) | 2001-12-26 | 2004-12-02 | Phytosynthese | Food supplement for animals |
US20130164413A1 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2013-06-27 | Uni-Charm Corporation | Pet food |
WO2017056275A1 (ja) | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-06 | ユニ・チャーム株式会社 | ペットフード |
JP2018110551A (ja) * | 2017-01-11 | 2018-07-19 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 家禽用飼料 |
WO2018206852A1 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-15 | Aalto University Foundation Sr | Lignin containing microcellulose as an animal feed additive |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
Title |
---|
"Tabelas brasileiras para aves e sumos: composigao de alimentos e exigencias nutricionais", 2011, UFV |
BAURHOO, B. ET AL.: "Effects of purified lignin and mannan oligosaccharides on intestinal integrity and microbial populations in the ceca and litter of broiler chickens", POULTRY SCIENCE , URBANA, vol. 86, 2007, pages 1070 - 1078, XP002773613, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.sciencedirect.com/seience/article/pii/S0032579119398979> [retrieved on 20200227] * |
J.D. VAN DER KLISE. VINYETA-PUNTI, THE POTENTIAL OF PHYTOGENIC FEED ADDITIVES IN PIGS AND POULTRY |
NASCIMENTO, E. A. ET AL.: "Ozonólise das ligninas organossolve e kraft eucalipto, parte ii: cinetica nos meios acido e basico", QUÍMICA NOVA, vol. 21, no. 5, 1998, pages 578 - 583, XP055719662, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.seielobr/pdf/qn/v21n5/2928.pdf> [retrieved on 20200302] * |
RICKE S.C., VAN DER AAR P.J., FAHEY G.C., BERGER L.L.: "Influence of dietary fibres on performance and fermentation characteristics of gut contents from growing chicks", POULTRY SCIENCE , URBANA, vol. 61, no. 7, 1982, pages 1335 - 1343, XP055719660, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.seiencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579119352642> [retrieved on 20200227] * |
THAO ET AL., EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF EUCALYPTUS (E. CAMALDULENSIS) LEAF MEAL ON FEED INTAKE AND RUMEN FERMENTATION EFFICIENCY IN SWAMP BUFFALOES |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CL2021001637A1 (es) | 2022-02-04 |
CN113710099A (zh) | 2021-11-26 |
AU2019408275B2 (en) | 2022-12-22 |
BR102018076813A2 (pt) | 2020-06-30 |
US20230157318A2 (en) | 2023-05-25 |
UY38521A (es) | 2020-07-31 |
AR123747A1 (es) | 2023-01-11 |
AU2019408275A1 (en) | 2021-07-22 |
US20220378066A1 (en) | 2022-12-01 |
CA3124156A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 |
KR20210139213A (ko) | 2021-11-22 |
EP3900546A4 (en) | 2022-10-12 |
MX2021007550A (es) | 2021-11-12 |
EP3900546A1 (en) | 2021-10-27 |
AU2019408275C1 (en) | 2023-08-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Kierończyk et al. | Infectious and non-infectious factors associated with leg disorders in poultry–a review | |
Adeniji | Effect of replacing groundnut cake with maggot meal in the diet of broilers | |
Yalcin et al. | Effect of dietary methionine on performance, carcase characteristics and breast meat composition of heterozygous naked neck (Na/na+) birds under spring and summer conditions | |
Shafey et al. | Effect of feeding olive leaves on the performance, intestinal and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. | |
BRPI0621518B1 (pt) | Método para o tratamento não terapêutico das aves domésticas, ração para aves domésticas, e, uso de um composto de glicina e/ou de um sal do mesmo | |
JP2012016293A (ja) | 家禽用飼料 | |
Nginya et al. | Evaluation of grasshoppers as a protein source for improved indigenous chicken growers | |
Abro et al. | Effect of various protein source feed ingredients on the growth performance of broiler | |
WO2020124191A1 (pt) | Composições alimentícia e aditiva, bem como usos da lignina e da composição aditiva | |
Heuser | Feeding Poultry: The Classic Guide to Poultry Nutrition for Chickens, Turkeys, Ducks, Geese, Gamebirds, and Pigeons | |
Oladunjoye et al. | High methionine supplementation improves the nutritional value of cassava peel meal for broiler chicken | |
Grela et al. | Influence of partial replacement of some inorganic minerals with glycine complex and vitamin D source on performance, slaughter traits, sensory and physico-chemical characteristics of pheasant muscles (L.) depending on gender | |
Asafa et al. | Performance and carcass characteristics of broiler finishers fed different levels of poultry offal meal and crayfish waste meal as replacement for fishmeal. | |
BR102019027544A2 (pt) | composições alimentícia e aditiva, bem como usos da lignina e da composição aditiva | |
WAFAR et al. | Growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood profile of Japanese quails fed dietary octacosanol | |
Farias et al. | Cashew nut meal subjected to prolonged storage for quail feeding | |
Adegbenro et al. | Quality of eggs produced by laying hens fed composite leaf meal as alternative to premix | |
da Silva et al. | Metabolizable energy levels in diets with a fixed nutrient: calorie ratio for free-range broilers | |
Idowu et al. | Effect of feed restriction and enzyme supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics and cost benefit of marshal broiler chickens | |
Salami et al. | EVALUTION OF POULTRY VISCERAL OFFAL AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR FISH MEAL IN GROWER PULLETS’DIETS | |
Varalakshmi et al. | Growth and carcass characteristics of japanese quails fed diets containing varying levels of moringa leaf meal | |
Tarasewicz et al. | The effect of dried fruit-vegetable-herb concentrate applied in compound feed-stuffs on reproductive performance of broiler chicken parent stock. | |
dos Santos et al. | Feeding plans with the use of glycerin for broilers | |
Islam et al. | Effects of vegetable oil supplementation on growth performance and carcass characteristics in broilers | |
Afolayan et al. | Performance of broiler chickens fed maize-based diets substituted with graded levels of sweet potato meal |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 19899039 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 3124156 Country of ref document: CA |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2019408275 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20191220 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2019899039 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20210720 |