WO2020119756A1 - 一种热界面材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种热界面材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- the invention belongs to the field of heat dissipation of electronic devices, in particular to a thermal interface material and a preparation method thereof.
- Thermal interface materials are generally applied to solid interfaces between integrated circuits (chips) or microprocessors and heat sinks or heat spreaders, and between heat spreaders and heat spreaders.
- the thermal conductivity of the thermal interface material directly affects the heat dissipation performance of the chip. Therefore, the development of thermal interface materials is particularly important.
- the polymer-based thermal interface material filled with inorganic fillers improves heat transfer performance by filling the polymer matrix with ceramic or metal particles having high thermal conductivity.
- Polymer thermal interface materials maintain the characteristics of low processing temperature, flexibility and easy operation of polymers, combined with the characteristics of high thermal conductivity of inorganic fillers, and are currently the most commonly used materials for thermal interface materials. Since ceramic particles have the characteristics of high thermal conductivity, good insulation, and strong breakdown voltage resistance, they are currently the most commonly used inorganic fillers.
- Commonly used ceramic fillers include alumina, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon nitride, and silicon carbide .
- Boron nitride has good electrical insulation and has very good oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.
- Common boron nitride has a variety of crystal forms such as amorphous, cubic and hexagonal. Hexagonal boron nitride is the most stable crystalline form, with a layered structure similar to graphite, known as "white graphite", and has been widely researched and applied. Due to its superior performance, boron nitride has very good application prospects as a thermally conductive insulating polymer composite material.
- the currently used boron nitride is generally a sheet structure and its density is strong.
- the friction resistance between the resin and the boron nitride surface increases, resulting in a sharp increase in the viscosity of the resin polymer, generally reaching 600Pa ⁇
- the present invention from the filling amount, particle size, geometry and filler of boron nitride filler- Considering the interaction between the substrates, a thermal interface material with a spherical boron nitride filling amount of up to 60 wt%, a viscosity of not more than 600 Pa ⁇ s and a thermal conductivity of up to 6 W/(m ⁇ K) and a preparation method thereof are provided.
- the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
- the invention provides a method for preparing a thermal interface material, which includes the steps of:
- the total mass part of the mixed slurry in step S1 is 100.
- step S1 it further includes mixing no more than 10 parts by mass of the diluent together to obtain the mixed slurry.
- the primary particles of hexagonal boron nitride are sintered to obtain the spherical boron nitride.
- the particle size of the spherical boron nitride is 5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- thermosetting resin is liquid epoxy resin or silicone resin
- the curing agent is at least one of methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, ethylenediamine, triethylenetetramine, and m-phenylenediamine
- the catalyst is at least one of 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine and tri-(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol
- the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent , At least one of titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent and bimetallic coupling agent.
- the diluent is a glycidyl ether compound.
- the invention also provides a thermal interface material, which includes a polymer matrix and spherical boron nitride uniformly filled in the polymer matrix.
- the spherical boron nitride is spherical boron nitride obtained by sintering primary hexagonal boron nitride particles.
- the filling amount of the spherical boron nitride in the thermal interface material is not less than 20wt%, so that the thermal conductivity of the thermal interface material is not less than 2.0W/(m ⁇ K).
- the filling amount of the spherical boron nitride in the thermal interface material is not less than 35wt% and not more than 60wt%, so that the viscosity of the thermal interface material is not less than 65Pa ⁇ s and not more than 600Pa ⁇ s.
- the thermal conductivity is not lower than 2.8W/(m ⁇ K) and not higher than 6W/(m ⁇ K).
- the filling amount of spherical boron nitride in the thermal interface material is not less than 10% and not more than 35% by weight, so that the viscosity of the thermal interface material is not more than 65 Pa ⁇ s and the thermal conductivity is not less than 0.5W/(m ⁇ K) and not higher than 2.8W/(m ⁇ K).
- the invention adopts spherical boron nitride to fill the polymer matrix, reduces the friction resistance between the surface of the spherical boron nitride and the polymer matrix, and increases the filling amount of the spherical boron nitride in the polymer matrix, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the thermal interface material Coefficient; at the same time, the viscosity of the thermal interface material is reduced, and the operability of the thermal interface material is improved.
- the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art that the thermal interface material has a limited amount of boron nitride added, a too large viscosity and a low thermal conductivity.
- 10 is the polymer matrix
- 20 is spherical boron nitride
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for preparing a thermal interface material according to the present invention.
- the thermal interface material includes a polymer matrix 10 and a spherical boron nitride 20 uniformly filled in the polymer matrix 10.
- the above-mentioned spherical boron nitride of the present invention is a spherical boron nitride obtained by sintering hexagonal boron nitride primary particles; thus, compared with the prior art
- the primary particles of boron are directly polymerized with the resin, the friction resistance of the surface of the spherical boron nitride of the invention and the polymer matrix is greatly reduced, and the internal thermal resistance is also greatly reduced.
- the spherical boron nitride morphology remains good, and the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles are oriented in different directions, effectively suppressing the anisotropy of the thermal conductivity, thereby further improving the thermal interface material Thermal conductivity.
- the filling amount of the spherical boron nitride in the thermal interface material can be controlled to not less than 20 wt%, so that the thermal conductivity of the thermal interface material is not less than 2.0 W/(m ⁇ K).
- the filling amount of spherical boron nitride in the thermal interface material can be controlled to not less than 35wt% and not more than 60wt%, so that the viscosity of the thermal interface material is not less than 65Pa ⁇ s and not more than 600Pa ⁇ s 2.
- the thermal conductivity is not lower than 2.8W/(m ⁇ K) and not higher than 6W/(m ⁇ K).
- the filling amount of spherical boron nitride in the thermal interface material can be controlled to not less than 10% and not more than 35% by weight, so that the viscosity of the thermal interface material is not more than 65Pa ⁇ s and the thermal conductivity is not less than 0.5W /(m ⁇ K) and not higher than 2.8W/(m ⁇ K).
- the maximum filling amount of spherical boron nitride of the thermal interface material can be as high as 60wt%, the viscosity does not exceed 600Pa ⁇ s, and the maximum thermal conductivity can be as high as 6W/(m ⁇ K).
- the thermal interface material of the present invention is filled with spherical boron nitride, while the thermal interface material in the prior art is filled with flake boron nitride or boron nitride primary particles Secondly, in terms of performance, compared with the existing thermal interface materials, under the same loading conditions, the thermal interface material of the present invention has a lower viscosity and a higher thermal conductivity. It can be seen that the thermal interface material of the present invention has a lower viscosity and a higher filling amount than the thermal interface material filled with other materials in the prior art, so that the thermal conductivity is also higher, and a better Application effect.
- the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above thermal interface material, including the following steps:
- step S1 10 to 60 parts by mass of spherical boron nitride, 10 to 50 parts by mass of thermosetting resin, 10 to 50 parts by mass of curing agent, 1 to 5 parts by mass of catalyst, and 1 to 5 parts by mass of couple
- the joint agent is mixed to form 100 parts by mass of a mixed slurry.
- the primary particles of hexagonal boron nitride are sintered to obtain spherical boron nitride.
- the particle diameter of the spherical boron nitride used in this step is 5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the mixing operation uses a high-speed mixer for mixing, specifically controlling the rotation speed from 800 rpm to 2500 rpm and the mixing time from 0.5 min to 10 min.
- the thermosetting resin may be liquid epoxy resin or silicone resin.
- the liquid epoxy resin is preferably at least one of bisphenol A type liquid epoxy resin, bisphenol F type liquid epoxy resin and alicyclic liquid epoxy resin.
- the silicone resin is preferably at least one of polymethyl silicone resin, polyethyl silicone resin, polyphenyl silicone resin, and polyphenyl methyl silicone resin.
- the curing agent may be at least one of methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, ethylenediamine, triethylenetetramine, and m-phenylenediamine.
- the catalyst may be at least one of 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, and tri-(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol.
- the coupling agent may be at least one of a silane coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent, an aluminate coupling agent, and a bimetallic coupling agent.
- the silane coupling agent is preferably at least one of KH550 coupling agent, KH560 coupling agent and KH570 coupling agent.
- the coupling agent is added on the one hand to improve the compatibility of the spherical boron nitride and the thermosetting resin, and on the other hand to enhance the interface between the spherical boron nitride and the thermosetting resin, so as to enhance the interpenetrating thermal conduction network.
- no more than 10 parts by mass of diluent can be added during the process of obtaining the mixed slurry.
- the diluent is preferably a glycidyl ether compound; the glycidyl ether compound is further preferably n-butyl glycidyl ether, diglycidyl ether, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, polyglycidyl ether and trihydroxy At least one of methyl propane glycidyl ether.
- the defoamer can be modified silicone compound.
- step S2 the mixed slurry is heated and solidified at a temperature of 60°C to 200°C for 0.5h to 6h to obtain a thermal interface material.
- an oven may be used to provide energy for the curing process of the thermosetting resin.
- other heating methods such as infrared heating may also be used.
- the spherical boron nitride of the present invention has good sphericity, large particle size range, and high mechanical strength. During the mixing process, the friction resistance with the polymer matrix is small, it is not easy to be damaged, and it has a high morphology. Retention. After mixing spherical boron nitride with a particle size of 200 ⁇ m and thermosetting resin and other materials at 2000 rpm for 10 min, the spherical boron nitride can still withstand the shearing force experienced during the mixing.
- the thermal interface material of the present invention achieves a spherical boron nitride filling amount of up to 60 wt%, a viscosity not exceeding 600 Pa ⁇ s, and a thermal conductivity of up to 6 W/(m ⁇ K through the polymer matrix and the spherical boron nitride filled inside it ), compared with the general thermal interface materials in the prior art, the amount of boron nitride added increases, the viscosity decreases and the thermal conductivity increases.
- the measurement methods of thermal conductivity are divided into two categories: steady-state method and unsteady-state method.
- the measurement range of the non-steady state method is 0.1W/(m ⁇ K) ⁇ 2000W/(m ⁇ K), and the commonly used non-steady state method is the laser flash method.
- the laser flash method usually uses a very thin sample or a high-power laser pulse.
- the sample preparation is very thin, the measurement results will be more discrete and the measured results will not be representative; the high-power laser pulse will generate a lot of heat, and the decomposition temperature and melting point of the low thermal conductivity material are not high
- the sample may cause chemical reaction or decomposition reaction, and the measured thermal conductivity is not the true thermal conductivity of the material to be tested.
- the steady state method does not cause the above problems when measuring the thermal conductivity of low thermal conductivity materials.
- the thermal interface material of the present invention belongs to a low thermal conductivity material. Therefore, in order to obtain more reliable result data for the thermal conductivity measurement of the thermal interface material of the present invention, the present invention selects the steady-state heat flow method for thermal conductivity measurement.
- the thermal interface material prepared according to the above preparation method includes a polymer matrix and spherical boron nitride uniformly filled inside the polymer matrix, wherein the filling amount of spherical boron nitride is 10 wt%.
- the viscosity of the thermal interface material of this example is 2 Pa ⁇ s. Under normal temperature and 20 psi pressure conditions, the steady-state heat flow method was used to determine the thermal conductivity of the thermal interface material was 0.5 W/(m ⁇ K).
- the thermal interface material prepared according to the above preparation method includes a polymer matrix and spherical boron nitride uniformly filled inside the polymer matrix, wherein the filling amount of spherical boron nitride is 60 wt%.
- the viscosity of the thermal interface material of this example is 600 Pa ⁇ s. Under normal temperature and 20 psi pressure conditions, the steady-state heat flow method was used to determine the thermal conductivity of the thermal interface material to be 6.0 W/(m ⁇ K).
- the thermal interface material prepared according to the above preparation method includes a polymer matrix and spherical boron nitride uniformly filled inside the polymer matrix, wherein the filling amount of spherical boron nitride is 20 wt%.
- the viscosity of the thermal interface material of this example is 5 Pa ⁇ s.
- the thermal conductivity of the thermal interface material is determined to be 2.0 W/(m ⁇ K) under normal temperature and 20 psi pressure.
- the thermal interface material prepared according to the above preparation method includes a polymer matrix and a spherical boron nitride uniformly filled inside the polymer matrix, wherein the filling amount of the spherical boron nitride is 40 wt%.
- the viscosity of the thermal interface material of this example is 110 Pa ⁇ s.
- the thermal conductivity of the thermal interface material was determined to be 3.0 W/(m ⁇ K) under normal temperature and 20 psi pressure conditions.
- the thermal interface material prepared according to the above preparation method includes a polymer matrix and spherical boron nitride uniformly filled inside the polymer matrix, wherein the filling amount of spherical boron nitride is 45% by weight.
- the viscosity of the thermal interface material of this example is 120 Pa ⁇ s.
- the steady-state heat flow method was used to measure the thermal conductivity of the thermal interface material at 4.3 W/(m ⁇ K) under normal temperature and 20 psi pressure.
- the thermal interface material prepared according to the above preparation method includes a polymer matrix and spherical boron nitride uniformly filled inside the polymer matrix, wherein the filling amount of spherical boron nitride is 35 wt%.
- the viscosity of the thermal interface material of this example is 65 Pa ⁇ s.
- the steady-state heat flow method was used to measure the thermal conductivity of the thermal interface material at 2.8 W/(m ⁇ K) under normal temperature and 20 psi pressure.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种热界面材料及其制备方法。该热界面材料的制备方法包括步骤:S1、将球形氮化硼、热固性树脂、固化剂、催化剂和偶联剂搅拌混合均匀,获得混合浆料;S2、将混合浆料进行热固化,得到热界面材料。本发明还公开了一种热界面材料,其包括聚合物基体以及均匀填充在该聚合物基体中的球形氮化硼。本发明采用球形氮化硼填充树脂,提高了氮化硼在树脂中的填充量,从而提高了热界面材料的导热系数;同时降低了热界面材料的粘度,提高了热界面材料的可操作性能。本发明的制备方法简单易行,原料成本低廉,制备的热界面材料导热系数较高,可广泛应用于高密度电子器件散热领域。
Description
本发明属于电子器件散热领域,尤其涉及一种热界面材料及其制备方法。
随着电子器件向微型化、小型化方向发展,以及电子芯片的集成度越来越高,电子器件的工作效率和可靠性越来越依赖于散热问题的解决,因此电子封装的散热变得越发重要。热界面材料一般应用于集成电路(芯片)或微处理器与散热片或均热片以及均热片与散热片之间的固体界面。热界面材料导热系数的高低直接影响芯片的散热性能。因此,开发热界面材料显得尤为重要。
无机填料填充的聚合物基热界面材料通过向聚合物基体中填充具有高热导率的陶瓷或金属颗粒的方式,实现传热性能的提高。聚合物热界面材料保持了聚合物的加工温度低、柔性、易操作的特点,结合无机填料高导热系数的特点,是目前热界面材料最为常用的材料。由于陶瓷颗粒具有导热系数高、绝缘性好、耐击穿电压强的特点,是目前最为常用的无机填料,常用的陶瓷填料包括氧化铝、氮化铝、氮化硼、氮化硅、碳化硅。
氮化硼具有良好的电绝缘性,具有非常好的抗氧化性和抗腐蚀性。常见的氮化硼有无定型、立方和六方等多种晶型。六方氮化硼是最稳定的晶型,有类似于石墨的层状结构,有“白石墨”之称,受到广泛的研究和应用。氮化硼由于其本身的优越性能,在作为导热绝缘聚合物复合材料的导热填料时具有很好的应用前景。
然而,目前采用的氮化硼一般都是片状结构且其密度较强,当树脂与其混合时,树脂与氮化硼表面的摩擦阻力升高,导致树脂聚合物的粘度急剧上升,一般达到600Pa·s以上,由此难以高填充氮化硼,导致氮化硼的填充量最高只能达到35wt%,所以制备的聚合物热界面材料导热系数都低于1W/(m·K)。
发明内容
为解决上述现有技术存在的氮化硼填料添加量有限、热界面材料粘度太大 及导热系数较低等问题,本发明从氮化硼填料的填充量、粒径大小、几何形状以及填料-基体间相互作用方面考虑,提供了一种球形氮化硼填充量高达60wt%、粘度不超过600Pa·s和导热系数可达6W/(m·K)的热界面材料及其制备方法。为了达到上述发明目的,本发明采用了如下的技术方案:
本发明提供了一种热界面材料的制备方法,包括步骤:
S1、将10~60质量份的球形氮化硼、10~50质量份的热固性树脂、10~50质量份的固化剂、1~5质量份的催化剂和1~5质量份的偶联剂进行混合,得到混合浆料。
S2、在60℃~200℃条件下对所述混合浆料进行加热固化0.5h~6h,得到热界面材料。
其中,步骤S1中所述混合浆料的总质量份为100。
可选地,在所述步骤S1中,还包括将不超过10质量份的稀释剂一并混合,以获得所述混合浆料。
可选地,将六方氮化硼一次颗粒进行烧结得到所述球形氮化硼。
可选地,所述球形氮化硼的粒径为5μm~200μm。
可选地,所述热固性树脂为液体环氧树脂或有机硅树脂;所述固化剂为甲基六氢苯酐、乙二胺、三乙烯四胺和间苯二胺中的至少一种;所述催化剂为2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、N,N-二甲基苄胺和三-(二甲胺基甲基)苯酚中的至少一种;所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、铝酸酯偶联剂和双金属偶联剂中的至少一种。
可选地,所述稀释剂为缩水甘油醚类化合物。
本发明还提供一种热界面材料,该热界面材料包括聚合物基体以及均匀填充在所述聚合物基体中的球形氮化硼。
可选地,所述球形氮化硼为六方氮化硼一次颗粒经烧结获得的球形氮化硼。
可选地,所述热界面材料中球形氮化硼的填充量不低于20wt%,以使所述热界面材料的导热系数不低于2.0W/(m·K)。
可选地,所述热界面材料中球形氮化硼的填充量不低于35wt%且不高于60wt%,以使所述热界面材料的粘度不低于65Pa·s且不高于600Pa·s、导热系 数不低于2.8W/(m·K)且不高于6W/(m·K)。
可选地,所述热界面材料中球形氮化硼的填充量不低于10%且不高于35wt%,以使所述热界面材料的粘度不高于65Pa·s、导热系数不低于0.5W/(m·K)且不高于2.8W/(m·K)。
本发明采用球形氮化硼填充聚合物基体,降低了球形氮化硼表面与聚合物基体的摩擦阻力,增加了球形氮化硼在聚合物基体中的填充量,从而提高了热界面材料的导热系数;同时降低了热界面材料的粘度,提高了热界面材料的可操作性能。本发明克服了现有技术存在的热界面材料的氮化硼添加量有限、粘度太大和导热系数较低的缺陷。
通过结合附图进行的以下描述,本发明的实施例的上述和其它方面、特点和优点将变得更加清楚,附图中:
图1是本发明所述的热界面材料的结构示意图:
图中,10为聚合物基体,20为球形氮化硼;
图2是根据本发明热界面材料的制备方法的示意图。
以下,将参照附图来详细描述本发明的实施例。然而,可以以许多不同的形式来实施本发明,并且本发明不应该被解释为限制于这里阐述的具体实施例。相反,提供这些实施例是为了解释本发明的原理及其实际应用,从而使本领域的其他技术人员能够理解本发明的各种实施例和适合于特定预期应用的各种修改。
具体参照图1,本发明公开了一种热界面材料,该热界面材料包括聚合物基体10以及均匀填充在该聚合物基体10中的球形氮化硼20。
更为具体地,本发明的上述球形氮化硼是一种通过六方氮化硼一次颗粒经烧结获得的球形氮化硼;由此,相比现有技术中将片状氮化硼或者氮化硼一次颗粒与树脂直接聚合,本发明的球形氮化硼的表面与聚合物基体的摩擦阻力大大降低,内部热阻也大大减小。
再者,在本发明得到的热界面材料中,球形氮化硼形貌保持良好,六方氮化硼一次颗粒沿不同方向取向,有效抑制了导热系数的各向异性,从而进一步提高了热界面材料的导热性能。
可选地,热界面材料中球形氮化硼的填充量可以控制不低于20wt%,以使热界面材料的导热系数不低于2.0W/(m·K)。
更可选地,热界面材料中球形氮化硼的填充量可以控制不低于35wt%且不高于60wt%,以使热界面材料的粘度不低于65Pa·s且不高于600Pa·s、导热系数不低于2.8W/(m·K)且不高于6W/(m·K)。
可选地,热界面材料中球形氮化硼的填充量可以控制不低于10%且不高于35wt%,以使热界面材料的粘度不高于65Pa·s、导热系数不低于0.5W/(m·K)且不高于2.8W/(m·K)。
该热界面材料的球形氮化硼的最大填充量可高达60wt%,粘度不超过600Pa·s,最大导热系数可高达6W/(m·K)。
值得说明的是,首先,从结构上来说,本发明的热界面材料中填充的是球形氮化硼,而现有技术中的热界面材料填充的是片状氮化硼或者氮化硼一次颗粒;其次,从性能方面来说,与现有的热界面材料相比,在相同的填充量条件下,本发明的热界面材料具有更低的粘度、更高的导热系数。可见,本发明的热界面材料相比现有技术中的以其他材料进行填充的热界面材料,具有更低的粘度、更高的填充量,由此导热系数也更高,能够获得更好的应用效果。
具体参阅图2,本发明还提供了上述热界面材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
在步骤S1中,将10~60质量份的球形氮化硼、10~50质量份的热固性树脂、10~50质量份的固化剂、1~5质量份的催化剂和1~5质量份的偶联剂进行混合,形成100质量份的混合浆料。
具体来讲,将六方氮化硼一次颗粒进行烧结得到球形氮化硼。
可选择地,该步骤中所使用的球形氮化硼的粒径为5μm~200μm。
在该步骤中,其混合操作采用的是高速混料机进行混合,具体控制转速为800rpm~2500rpm、混料时间为0.5min~10min。
更为具体地,在该步骤中,热固性树脂可以为液体环氧树脂或有机硅树脂。液体环氧树脂优选为双酚A型液态环氧树脂、双酚F型液态环氧树脂和脂环族液态环氧树脂中的至少一种。有机硅树脂优选为聚甲基硅树脂、聚乙基硅树脂、聚苯基硅树脂和聚苯基甲基硅树脂中的至少一种。
固化剂可以为甲基六氢苯酐、乙二胺、三乙烯四胺和间苯二胺中的至少一种。
催化剂可以为2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、N,N-二甲基苄胺和三-(二甲胺基甲基)苯酚中的至少一种。
偶联剂可以为硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、铝酸酯偶联剂和双金属偶联剂中的至少一种。硅烷偶联剂优选为KH550偶联剂、KH560偶联剂和KH570偶联剂中的至少一种。加入偶联剂一方面是为了改善球形氮化硼和热固性树脂的相容性,另一方面是为了增强球形氮化硼和热固性树脂间界面作用,从而增强互相渗透的导热网络。
可选择地,在获得混合浆料的过程中,还可加入不超过10质量份的稀释剂。
稀释剂优选为缩水甘油醚类化合物;该缩水甘油醚类化合物进一步优选为正丁基缩水甘油醚、二缩水甘油醚、1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚、多缩水甘油醚和三羟基甲基丙烷缩水甘油醚中的至少一种。
值得说明的是,当混合浆料的料体太粘稠导致气泡难以脱除时,可以考虑通过抽真空或加入消泡剂的方式消除混料过程中带入的气泡。其中,消泡剂可以采用改性有机硅酮复合物。
在步骤S2中,于60℃~200℃条件下,对混合浆料进行加热固化0.5h~6h,得到热界面材料。
可选择地,可采用烘箱为热固性树脂的固化过程提供能量,当然也可以采用红外加热等其他加热方式。
值得说明的是,本发明的球形氮化硼,其球形度好、粒径范围大、机械强度高,在混料过程中与聚合物基体的摩擦阻力小,不易被破坏,有高的形貌保持度。将粒径为200μm的球形氮化硼与热固性树脂等材料在2000rpm的转速下混合10min后,球形氮化硼依然能承受住混料时受到的剪切力。
因此,本发明的热界面材料通过聚合物基体及填充在其内部的球形氮化硼达到了球形氮化硼填充量高达60wt%、粘度不超过600Pa·s、导热系数高达6W/(m·K)的效果,较现有技术中的一般热界面材料,氮化硼添加量增大、粘度降低和导热系数提高。
值得说明的是,一般来讲,导热系数的测定方法分为稳态法和非稳态法两大类。其中非稳态法的测定范围在0.1W/(m·K)~2000W/(m·K),一般常用的非稳态法是激光闪射法。但是对于低导热材料,是不适合用激光脉冲法来进行测试的,这是因为激光闪射法通常是采用很薄的试样或者是采用高功率的激光脉冲。如果制样很薄,就会导致测量的结果离散性较大、测出的结果代表性不强;而高功率的激光脉冲会产生大量的热,在低导热材料的分解温度和熔点都不高的情况下,使用高功率的激光脉冲可能会导致试样发生化学反应或分解反应,所测得的导热系数也并非该待测材料真正的导热系数。而稳态法测定低导热材料的导热系数时不会出现上述问题。本发明的热界面材料属于低导热材料,因此对于本发明的热界面材料的导热系数的测定,为了获得更加可靠的结果数据,本发明选择采用稳态热流法进行导热系数的测定。
以下通过具体的实施例以进一步阐述本发明的上述热界面材料及其制备方法,但本发明并不限制于此,以下实施例仅是本发明的上述热界面材料及其制备方法的具体示例。
实施例一
取10质量份的粒径为5μm的球形氮化硼、50质量份的双酚A型液态环氧树脂、33质量份的甲基六氢苯酐固化剂、1质量份的2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑催化剂、1质量份的KH560硅烷偶联剂、5质量份的正丁基缩水甘油醚混合,在转速为800rpm的条件下将上述物质混合10min,得到混合均匀的混合物。将得到的混合物放置于烘箱中,在常压、200℃条件下将上述混合物固化0.5h,得到热界面材料。
依据上述制备方法制备得到的热界面材料,其包括聚合物基体和均匀地填充在该聚合物基体内部的球形氮化硼,其中,球形氮化硼的填充量为10wt%。
本实施例的热界面材料的粘度为2Pa·s。在常温、20psi压力条件下,采用稳态热流法,测定得到该热界面材料的导热系数为0.5W/(m·K)。
实施例二
取60质量份的粒径为200μm的球形氮化硼、10质量份的双酚F型液态环氧树脂、10质量份的三乙烯四胺固化剂、5质量份的N,N-二甲基苄胺催化剂、5质量份的KH550硅烷偶联剂、10质量份的1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚进行混合,在转速为1500rpm的条件下将上述物质混合5min,得到混合均匀的混合物。将得到的混合物放置于烘箱中,在常压、60℃条件下将上述混合物固化6h,得到热界面材料。
依据上述制备方法制备得到的热界面材料,其包括聚合物基体和均匀地填充在该聚合物基体内部的球形氮化硼,其中,球形氮化硼的填充量为60wt%。
本实施例的热界面材料的粘度为600Pa·s。在常温、20psi压力条件下,采用稳态热流法,测定得到该热界面材料的导热系数为6.0W/(m·K)。
实施例三
取20质量份的粒径为100μm的球形氮化硼、30质量份的脂环族液态环氧树脂、40质量份的乙二胺固化剂、4质量份的三-(二甲胺基甲基)苯酚催化剂、2质量份的KH550硅烷偶联剂、4质量份的1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚混合,在转速为2500rpm的条件下将上述物质混合0.5min,得到混合均匀的混合物。将得到的混合物放置于烘箱中,在常压、120℃条件下将上述混合物固化3h,得到热界面材料。
依据上述制备方法制备得到的热界面材料,其包括聚合物基体和均匀地填充在该聚合物基体内部的球形氮化硼,其中,球形氮化硼的填充量为20wt%。
本实施例的热界面材料的粘度为5Pa·s。采用稳态热流法,在常温、20psi压力条件下,测定得到该热界面材料的导热系数为2.0W/(m·K)。
实施例四
取40质量份的粒径为50μm的球形氮化硼、20质量份的双酚A型液态环氧树脂、20质量份的甲基六氢苯酐固化剂、5质量份的N,N-二甲基苄胺和三-(二甲胺基甲基)苯酚组成的催化剂、5质量份的KH560硅烷偶联剂、10质量份的正丁基缩水甘油醚混合,在转速为2000rpm的条件下将上述物质混合3min,得到混合均匀的混合物。将得到的混合物放置于烘箱中,在常压、200℃条件下将上述混合物固化3h,得到热界面材料。
依据上述制备方法制备得到的热界面材料,其包括聚合物基体和均匀地填充在该聚合物基体内部的球形氮化硼,其中,球形氮化硼的填充量为40wt%。
本实施例的热界面材料的粘度为110Pa·s。采用稳态热流法,在常温、20psi压力条件下,测定得到该热界面材料的导热系数为3.0W/(m·K)。
实施例五
取45质量份的粒径为200μm的球形氮化硼、20质量份的双酚A型液态环氧树脂、18质量份的甲基六氢苯酐固化剂、5质量份的N,N-二甲基苄胺和三-(二甲胺基甲基)苯酚组成的催化剂、2质量份的KH560硅烷偶联剂、10质量份的正丁基缩水甘油醚混合,在转速为1500rpm的条件下将上述物质混合8min,得到混合均匀的混合物。将得到的混合物放置于烘箱中,在常压、200℃条件下将上述混合物固化3h,得到热界面材料。
依据上述制备方法制备得到的热界面材料,其包括聚合物基体和均匀地填充在该聚合物基体内部的球形氮化硼,其中,球形氮化硼的填充量为45wt%。
本实施例的热界面材料的粘度为120Pa·s。采用稳态热流法,在常温、20psi压力条件下,测定得到该热界面材料的导热系数为4.3W/(m·K)。
实施例六
取35质量份的粒径为200μm的球形氮化硼、30质量份的双酚A型液态环氧树脂、28质量份的甲基六氢苯酐固化剂、1质量份的2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑催化剂、1质量份的KH560硅烷偶联剂、5质量份的正丁基缩水甘油醚混合,在转速为2000rpm的条件下将上述物质混合10min,得到混合均匀的混合物。将得到的混合物放置于烘箱中,在常压、200℃条件下将上述混合物固化1h,得到热界面材料。
依据上述制备方法制备得到的热界面材料,其包括聚合物基体和均匀地填充在该聚合物基体内部的球形氮化硼,其中,球形氮化硼的填充量为35wt%。
本实施例的热界面材料的粘度为65Pa·s。采用稳态热流法,在常温、20psi压力条件下,测定得到该热界面材料的导热系数为2.8W/(m·K)。
虽然已经参照特定实施例示出并描述了本发明,但是本领域的技术人员将理解:在不脱离由权利要求及其等同物限定的本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可在此进行形式和细节上的各种变化。
Claims (13)
- 一种热界面材料的制备方法,其中,包括步骤:S1、将10~60质量份的球形氮化硼、10~50质量份的热固性树脂、10~50质量份的固化剂、1~5质量份的催化剂和1~5质量份的偶联剂进行混合,得到混合浆料;S2、在60℃~200℃条件下对所述混合浆料进行加热固化0.5h~6h,得到热界面材料;其中,步骤S1中所述混合浆料的总质量份为100。
- 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,在所述步骤S1中,还包括将不超过10质量份的稀释剂一并混合,以获得所述混合浆料。
- 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,将六方氮化硼一次颗粒进行烧结得到所述球形氮化硼。
- 根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其中,将六方氮化硼一次颗粒进行烧结得到所述球形氮化硼。
- 根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其中,所述球形氮化硼的粒径为5μm~200μm。
- 根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其中,所述热固性树脂为液体环氧树脂或有机硅树脂;所述固化剂为甲基六氢苯酐、乙二胺、三乙烯四胺和间苯二胺中的至少一种;所述催化剂为2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、N,N-二甲基苄胺和三-(二甲胺基甲基)苯酚中的至少一种;所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、铝酸酯偶联剂和双金属偶联剂中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其中,所述稀释剂为缩水甘油醚类化合物。
- 一种热界面材料,其中,所述热界面材料包括聚合物基体以及均匀填充在所述聚合物基体中的球形氮化硼。
- 根据权利要求8所述的热界面材料,其中,所述球形氮化硼为六方氮化硼一次颗粒经烧结获得的球形氮化硼。
- 根据权利要求8所述的热界面材料,其中,所述热界面材料中球形氮 化硼的填充量不低于20wt%,以使所述热界面材料的导热系数不低于2.0W/(m·K)。
- 根据权利要求9所述的热界面材料,其中,所述热界面材料中球形氮化硼的填充量不低于20wt%,以使所述热界面材料的导热系数不低于2.0W/(m·K)。
- 根据权利要求10所述的热界面材料,其中,所述热界面材料中球形氮化硼的填充量不低于35wt%且不高于60wt%,以使所述热界面材料的粘度不低于65Pa·s且不高于600Pa·s、导热系数不低于2.8W/(m·K)且不高于6W/(m·K)。
- 根据权利要求8所述的热界面材料,其中,所述热界面材料中球形氮化硼的填充量不低于10%且不高于35wt%,以使所述热界面材料的粘度不高于65Pa·s、导热系数不低于0.5W/(m·K)且不高于2.8W/(m·K)。
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| CN106519581A (zh) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-03-22 | 华中科技大学 | 一种高导热低粘度环氧树脂复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN106700427A (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-24 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | 一种氮化硼/环氧树脂复合材料及其制备方法 |
| CN107805473A (zh) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-03-16 | 烟台德邦科技有限公司 | 一种高效率耐高温导热底部填充胶及其制备方法 |
| US20180230290A1 (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2018-08-16 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thermally conductive polymer composition |
| CN109651761A (zh) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-19 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | 一种热界面材料及其制备方法 |
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2018
- 2018-12-14 CN CN201811534861.2A patent/CN109651761B/zh active Active
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2019
- 2019-12-12 WO PCT/CN2019/124829 patent/WO2020119756A1/zh not_active Ceased
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101035876A (zh) * | 2004-08-23 | 2007-09-12 | 莫门蒂夫性能材料股份有限公司 | 导热性组合物及其制备方法 |
| CN106044727A (zh) * | 2011-11-29 | 2016-10-26 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 氮化硼凝聚粒子、含有该粒子的组合物、及具有包含该组合物的层的三维集成电路 |
| CN106519581A (zh) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-03-22 | 华中科技大学 | 一种高导热低粘度环氧树脂复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN106700427A (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-24 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | 一种氮化硼/环氧树脂复合材料及其制备方法 |
| US20180230290A1 (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2018-08-16 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Thermally conductive polymer composition |
| CN107805473A (zh) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-03-16 | 烟台德邦科技有限公司 | 一种高效率耐高温导热底部填充胶及其制备方法 |
| CN109651761A (zh) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-19 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | 一种热界面材料及其制备方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023102175A1 (de) * | 2023-01-30 | 2024-08-01 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Härtbare Harzformulierung zur Herstellung eines duroplastischen Kunststoffes, entsprechender duroplastischer Kunststoff sowie Verwendung von Harzformulierung und duroplastischem Kunststoff |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN109651761B (zh) | 2021-04-23 |
| CN109651761A (zh) | 2019-04-19 |
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