WO2020118835A1

WO2020118835A1 - Thermovoltaic power generation device based on waste heat power generation

Info

Publication number: WO2020118835A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/071362
Authority: WO
Inventors: 谢和平; 莫思特; 李碧雄; 邓建辉; 高明忠
Original assignee: 深圳大学
Priority date: 2018-12-12
Filing date: 2019-01-11
Publication date: 2020-06-18
Also published as: CN109378999B; CN109378999A

Abstract

A thermovoltaic power generation device based on waste heat power generation, comprising several waste heat generator units (100) connected in series, in parallel or in series-parallel. Each of the waste heat generator units (100) comprises an outer reinforcing tube (110), an outer insulating heat conducting tube (120), a thermovoltaic power generating tube (130), an inner insulating heat conducting tube (140), and an inner reinforcing tube (150) which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside. The interior of the inner reinforcing tube (150) is a low-temperature fluid channel. The thermovoltaic power generating tube (130) comprises a tubular heat end conductor (131) in direct contact with the outer insulating heat conducting tube (120), and a positive electrode thermovoltaic material (160) and a negative electrode thermovoltaic material (170) which are provided on the inner side of the tubular heat end conductor (131). When the waste heat generator units (100) are placed in waste heat liquid and low-temperature fluid flows into low-temperature fluid channels, the thermovoltaic power generation device based on waste heat power generation outputs electrical energy.

Description

Thermovolt power generation device based on waste heat generation

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of thermovoltaic generators, in particular to a thermovoltaic power generation device based on waste heat power generation.

Background technique

In the natural world, temperature differences are ubiquitous, from seasonal changes in seasonal temperature differences, day and night temperature differences, surface and subsurface temperature differences, etc. These temperature differences contain huge energy and need to be developed and utilized.

At present, there are still many places in China where there is a long-term lack or even lack of power supply. The difficulty of using electricity in these areas without electricity has become an urgent problem to be solved, but the installation of generator sets has too large a cost for the low-density gathering area of the population. status quo.

Thermoelectric power generation is a technology that directly converts thermal energy into electrical energy. It has the advantages of simple structure, no pollution, no noise, no moving parts, long life and maintenance-free. It can be applied to the use of natural heat energy, waste heat recovery, and industrial energy saving. And areas such as life appliances. The patent application number 201711032809.2 discloses a thermoelectric power generation module based on a flat heat pipe and a heat pipe circulating residual heat thermoelectric power generation system, which specifically discloses that the porous parallel flow flat tube closely fits the thermoelectric power generation sheet and the heat dissipation fin. The fan is packaged as a whole to form a standardized temperature difference power generation module. The temperature difference power generation module is flexibly selected according to the amount of waste heat dissipation, and a loop heat pipe is formed with the heat exchanger in the waste heat pipe to form a stable temperature difference on both sides of the temperature difference power generation sheet, which increases power generation. Scale, but the energy conversion efficiency of its power generation module is low, and the structure is more complicated.

Therefore, the existing technology needs to be improved and developed.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation, which aims to solve the problems of the existing thermal power generation device with a complicated structure and low energy conversion efficiency.

The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

A thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation, which includes several waste heat generator units (100) connected in series, parallel or series-parallel, the waste heat generator unit (100) includes The outer reinforced tube (110), the outer insulated heat conducting tube (120), the thermoelectric generating tube (130), the inner insulated heat conducting tube (140) and the inner reinforced tube (150) arranged in this order The inside of the layer reinforcement tube (150) is a low-temperature fluid channel, and the thermovolt power generation tube (130) includes a tubular hot end conductor (131) directly in contact with the outer insulating heat conduction tube (120) and the tube heat A positive thermovoltaic material (160) and a negative thermovoltaic material (170) inside the end conductor (131), the thermovoltaic power tube (130) is a plate-type thermovoltaic tube, an axial parallel structure thermovoltaic tube or a shaft One of the thermoelectric power generation tubes of the series connection structure; the outer-layer reinforced tube (110) and the inner-layer reinforced tube (150) are made of materials with good thermal conductivity and compressive and tensile strength; the outer layer is insulated and thermally conductive The tube (120) and the inner-layer insulated heat-conducting tube (140) are made of materials with good insulation and good thermal conductivity; the tubular hot-end conductor (131) is made of materials with good electrical conductivity; when the waste heat generator unit (100) is placed in the When a low-temperature fluid is passed into the low-temperature fluid channel in the waste heat liquid, the thermovoltaic power generation device that generates electricity based on waste heat outputs electrical energy.

According to the thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation, the waste heat generator unit (100) further includes a main body cover plate (180) fixedly connected to both ends of the outer reinforcement tube (110). A sealing ring (190) is provided between the main body cover plate (180) and the outer layer reinforcement tube (110), and the outer diameter of the main body cover plate (180) is the same as the outer diameter of the outer layer reinforcement tube (110) , The inner diameter of the main body cover plate (180) is greater than the outer diameter of the inner-layer reinforcement tube (150), and the main body cover plate (180) is provided with a positive lead lead-out hole (181) and a negative lead lead-out hole (182); The main body cover plate (180) is provided with an installation hole, and the main body cover plate (180) is installed on the outer reinforcement tube (110) through the installation hole, and the outer insulation heat conduction tube (120) and the thermal power generation tube ( 130), the inner insulation heat pipe (140) is sealed.

The thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation, wherein when the thermal power generation tube (130) is a plate-type thermal power generation tube, the thermal power generation tube (130) further includes a wire from the positive electrode A positive output terminal (132) drawn out from the extraction hole (181), a negative output terminal (133) drawn out from the negative lead extraction hole (182), and a plate-type positive electrode (134) short-circuited with the positive output terminal (132) , A plate-type negative electrode (135) short-circuited with the negative electrode output terminal (133); the outer side of the positive electrode thermal voltaic material (160) is evenly welded on the inner arc-shaped panel of the tubular hot end conductor (131), so The inner side of the positive thermal material (160) is evenly welded to the outer curved panel of the plate-type positive electrode (134); the outer side of the negative thermal material (170) is evenly welded to the tubular hot end conductor (131) On the other arc-shaped panel on the inner side, the inner side of the negative thermal material (170) is welded on the outer arc-shaped panel on the plate-type negative electrode (135), and the plate-shaped positive electrode (134) is insulated from the plate-shaped negative electrode (135) Setting; the plate-type positive electrode (134) and the plate-type negative electrode (135) are both materials with good conductivity.

The thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation, wherein when the thermal power generation tube (130) is an axial parallel structure thermal power generation tube, the thermal power generation tube (130) further includes A positive output terminal (132) drawn out from the positive lead extraction hole (181), and a negative output terminal (133) drawn out from the negative lead extraction hole (182) are parallel to the axial direction of the short-circuit connection of the positive output terminal (132) A positive electrode (136), an axially parallel negative electrode (137) short-circuited with the negative electrode output terminal (133); on a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor (131), the positive electrode thermal voltaic material (160) ) And the outer side of the negative thermovoltaic material (170) are welded on the inner circular panel of the tubular hot end conductor (131) in a staggered and uniform manner, wherein the inner side of a positive thermovoltaic material (160) is welded on the shaft To the outside of the parallel positive electrode (136), the inside of the remaining positive thermovoltaic material (160) is welded to the outside of the axial parallel short-circuit conductor (300), wherein the inside of a negative thermovoltaic material (170) is welded to the axial parallel The outside of the negative electrode (137), and the inside of the remaining negative thermovoltaic material (170) are welded to the outside of the axial parallel short-circuit conductor (300); the axially parallel positive electrode (136) is adjacent to the axially parallel negative electrode (137); In the axial direction cross section of the tubular hot end conductor (131), starting from the axially parallel positive electrode (136) clockwise adjacent negative electrode thermal material (170), the adjacent negative electrode thermal materials (170) and The inner side of the positive thermovoltaic material (160) is welded to the outer arc-shaped panel of the same axial parallel short-circuit conductor (300); the adjacent axial parallel short-circuit conductor (300) is insulated and arranged, and the axial parallel positive electrode (300) 136), the axial parallel negative electrode (137) and the axial parallel short circuit conductor (300) are all insulated; the axial parallel positive electrode (136), the axial parallel negative electrode (137) and the axial parallel short circuit conductor (300) are all materials with good electrical conductivity; all thermovoltaic materials parallel to the axis of the thermovoltaic power generation tube (130) have the same properties, either all are positive thermovoltaic materials (160), or all are negative thermovoltaic materials ( 170); all conductors parallel to the axis of the thermovoltaic tube (130) are of the same type, either all are axially parallel positive (136), or all are axially parallel negative (137), or all are axially parallel Short circuit conductor (300).

The thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation, wherein when the thermal power generation tube (130) is an axial series structure thermal power generation tube, the thermal power generation tube (130) further includes The positive output terminal (132) drawn out from the positive lead extraction hole (181), the negative output terminal (133) drawn out from the negative lead extraction hole (182), and the axial direction of the short-circuit connection with the positive output terminal (132) A series positive electrode (138), an axial series negative electrode (139) short-circuited with the negative electrode output terminal (133); in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor (131), the positive electrode thermal voltaic material (160) ) And the negative thermovoltaic material (170) are each arranged in a circular ring shape. In the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor (131), the positive thermovoltaic material (160) and the negative electrode thermally arranged in a circular ring shape The outer side of the voltaic material (170) is alternately welded on the inner circular panel of the tubular hot-end conductor (131) in turn; alternately welded rings of positive thermal voltaic material (160) and negative thermal voltaic material (170) arranged in a circle The number is equal, the inside of the outermost circle of positive thermal material is welded to the outside of the axial series positive electrode (138), the inside of the outermost circle of negative thermal material is welded to the outside of the axial series negative electrode (139), and the middle adjacent ring shape The inner side of the arrayed positive thermovoltaic material and the ring-shaped array of negative thermovoltaic materials are welded on the outer side of the ring-shaped pair with the same axial series short-circuit conductor (400), one axis in the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor The outer side of the series short-circuit conductor (400) is welded together with the adjacent circle of negative thermal material (170) and the inside of a circle of positive thermal material (160); insulation is arranged between adjacent axial series short-circuit conductors (400) , The axial series positive electrode (138), the axial series negative electrode (139) and the axial series short-circuit conductor (400) are all insulated; the axial series positive electrode (138), the axial series negative electrode (138) 139) and the axial series short-circuit conductor (400) are materials with good electrical conductivity.

The thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation, wherein the waste heat generator unit (100) further includes a cryogenic liquid interface (200) fixedly connected to both ends of the inner-layer reinforcement tube (150), The length of the inner layer reinforcement tube (150) is greater than the length of the outer layer reinforcement tube (110).

The thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation, wherein the outer layer reinforcement tube (110), the outer insulation heat conduction tube (120), the thermal power generation tube (130), the inner insulation heat conduction tube (140) And the inner reinforcement tube (150) is a cylindrical cylindrical structure, and the adjacent interfaces are closely adhered to each other. The outer reinforcement tube (110), the outer insulation heat conduction tube (120), the thermal power generation tube (130), The inner insulation heat pipe (140) has the same length.

The thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation, wherein the outer layer reinforcement tube (110) and the inner layer reinforcement tube (150) are made of stainless steel material, and the outer layer insulation heat conduction tube (120) The inner thermally conductive heat pipe (140) is made of thermally conductive silica gel.

The thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation, wherein the positive thermal material (160) is a P-type semiconductor material with Seebeck effect, and the negative thermal material (170) is with Seebeck effect N-type semiconductor material.

In the thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation, the large-size lead telluride single crystal positive thermal material and negative thermal material are cut by the following methods:

In the first step, the X-ray directional instrument and the X-ray powder diffractometer are used to accurately orient the large-scale lead telluride single crystal positive thermal material and negative thermal material, and determine the (100) and (111) crystal plane directions;

In the second step, on the basis of the positive electrode thermal voltaic material in the first step, the wire cutting machine is used to cut along the (100) and (111) crystal plane directions, thereby obtaining the positive electrode of the lead telluride single crystal (100) and (111) direction Thermal cutting material;

In the third step, on the basis of the negative electrode thermal material in the first step, the wire cutting machine is used to cut along the (100) and (111) crystal plane directions, thereby obtaining the lead telluride single crystal (100) and (111) direction negative electrodes Thermal cutting material;

The positive thermal cutting material obtained in the second step is used as a positive thermal thermal material (160), and the negative thermal cutting material obtained in the third step is used as a negative thermal thermal material (170).

Beneficial effect: The thermal volt power generation device based on waste heat power generation provided by the present invention has the characteristics of no noise, no pollution, and green environmental protection. Its simple structure, high energy conversion efficiency, and no mechanical device inside, long service life and maintenance Simple and convenient; the thermal power generation device of the present invention based on waste heat power generation includes several waste heat generator units connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel, the waste heat generator units including the Layer reinforced tube, outer layer insulated heat pipe, thermovolt generator tube, inner layer insulated heat pipe and inner layer reinforced pipe, the inner layer reinforced pipe is a low-temperature fluid channel; the waste heat generator unit is placed in the waste heat liquid When the temperature is low, and the low-temperature fluid is introduced into the low-temperature fluid channel, the thermal energy resources of the waste heat can be collected, and the waste heat energy can be converted into electrical energy to provide more electrical energy for the society.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a waste heat generator unit of the present invention.

2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of the waste heat generator unit shown in FIG. 1 perpendicular to its axial direction.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermovolt generator tube in the waste heat generator unit shown in FIG. 1 of the present invention.

4 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the main body cover of the present invention perpendicular to its axial direction.

5 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the outer-layer reinforced pipe of the present invention perpendicular to its axial direction.

6 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of the cryogenic liquid interface of the present invention perpendicular to its axial direction.

7 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the inner-layer reinforced pipe of the present invention perpendicular to its axial direction.

8 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a plate-type thermal power generating tube perpendicular to its axial direction.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a plate-type thermal power generation tube cut along its axial direction.

10 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure perpendicular to the axial direction of the thermovolt generator tube with an axial parallel structure.

Fig. 11 is a plan spreading diagram of a thermal parallel power generation tube with an axial parallel structure cut along its axial direction.

12 is a schematic diagram of a first cross-sectional structure perpendicular to the axial direction of the thermoelectric power generation tube with an axial series structure.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a second cross-sectional structure perpendicular to the axial direction of the axially connected thermoelectric power generation tube.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of the axially connected thermoelectric power generation tube cut along its axial direction.

15 is a schematic structural view of a plurality of waste heat generator units connected in series.

16 is a schematic structural view of a plurality of waste heat generator units in parallel combination.

17 is a schematic structural view of a plurality of waste heat generator units connected in series and parallel.

18 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation of the present invention in use.

100: waste heat generator unit; 110: outer reinforced tube; 1101: first fastening screw hole; 120: outer insulated heat conduction tube; 130: thermovolt generator tube; 131: tubular hot end conductor; 132: positive output Terminal; 133: negative output terminal; 134: plate positive; 135: plate negative; 136: axial parallel positive; 137: axial parallel negative; 138: axial series positive; 139: axial series negative; 140: inner layer Insulated heat-conducting tube; 150: inner-layer reinforced tube; 151: second fastening screw hole; 160: positive thermovoltaic material; 170: negative thermovoltaic material; 180: main body cover plate; 181: positive lead wire extraction hole; 182: negative electrode Wire lead-out hole; 1801: first mounting hole; 190: sealing ring; 200: cryogenic liquid interface; 201: second mounting hole; 202: third mounting hole; 300: axial parallel short-circuit conductor; 400: axial series short circuit conductor.

detailed description

The present invention provides a thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation. In order to make the purpose, technical solution and effects of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention will be described in further detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation provided by the present invention includes a plurality of waste heat generator units 100 connected in series, parallel or series-parallel, the waste heat generator units 100 100 includes an outer reinforcement tube 110, an outer insulation heat conduction tube 120, a thermoelectric power generation tube 130, an inner insulation heat conduction tube 140, and an inner reinforcement tube 150, which are arranged inside from the outer to the inner As a low-temperature fluid channel, the thermovolt power generation tube 130 includes a cylindrical tubular heat end conductor 131 in direct contact with the outer insulating heat conduction tube 120 and a positive thermovoltaic material disposed inside the tubular heat end conductor 131 160 and a negative thermovoltaic material 170, the thermovoltaic power tube 130 is one of a plate type thermovoltaic power tube, an axial parallel structure thermovoltaic power tube, or an axial series structure thermovoltaic power tube; the outer layer is reinforced The tube 110 and the inner-layer reinforced tube 150 are made of materials with good thermal conductivity and compressive and tensile strength; the outer-layer insulated heat-conducting tube 120 and the inner-layer insulated heat-conducting tube 140 are made of insulating and well-conducting materials; the tubular hot end The conductor 131 is made of a material with good electrical conductivity; when the waste heat generator unit 100 is placed in the waste heat liquid, and a low-temperature fluid is passed into the low-temperature fluid channel, the thermal power generation device based on the waste heat power generation will output electrical energy .

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the waste heat generator unit 100 further includes a main body cover plate 180 that is fixedly connected to both ends of the outer-layer reinforcement tube 110, and the main body cover A sealing ring 190 is provided between the plate 180 and the outer reinforcement tube 110, the outer diameter of the main body cover plate 180 is the same as the outer diameter of the outer reinforcement tube 110, and the inner diameter of the main body cover plate 180 is larger than the inner layer reinforcement For the outer diameter of the tube 150, the main body cover plate 180 is provided with a positive lead lead-out hole 181 and a negative lead lead-out hole 182. The main body cover plate 180 is provided with an installation hole, and the main body cover plate 180 is installed on the outer reinforcement tube 110 through the installation hole, and the outer insulation heat conduction tube 120, the thermal power generation tube 130, and the inner insulation heat conduction tube 140 are sealed .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the main body cover plate 180 is a circular ring structure made of high-strength material, and its inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inner layer reinforcement tube 150, so that the main body cover plate 180 It can just pass through the outer side of the inner reinforcement tube, and the outer diameter of the main body cover plate 180 is the same as the outer diameter of the outer reinforcement tube 110. Preferably, the main body cover plate 180 is provided with a first mounting hole 1801, and the outer-layer reinforcement tube 110 is provided with a first fastening screw hole 1101 corresponding to the first mounting hole. The first mounting hole 1801 and the first fastening screw hole 1101 can fix the main body cover plate 180 on the outer reinforcement tube 110. The outer-layer reinforcement tube 110 is made of a high-strength heat-conducting material, and is the outermost layer structure of the thermal generator unit. More preferably, the main body cover plate 180 is uniformly provided with six first mounting holes 1801, and the outer reinforcement tube 110 is correspondingly provided with six first fastening screw holes 1101.

Preferably, the position of the positive wire lead-out hole 181 on the main body cover plate 180 corresponds to the position of the positive output terminal 132 on the thermal power generation tube 130, and the positive output terminal 132 on the thermal power generation tube 130 is additionally provided with an insulating sealing rubber ring After passing through the positive lead extraction hole 181, the positive output terminal 132 is led out of the waste heat generator unit, and is insulated and sealed from the main body cover plate 180. Correspondingly, the position of the negative lead lead-out hole 182 on the main body cover plate corresponds to the position of the negative output terminal 133 on the thermovolt power generation tube 130, after the negative output terminal 133 on the thermovolt power generation tube is added with an insulating sealing rubber ring The negative electrode lead-out hole 182 passes through the negative electrode output terminal 133 out of the waste heat generator unit, and is insulated and sealed from the main body cover plate 180.

In this embodiment, the waste heat generator unit has a tubular structure as a whole, which can realize the power generation and liquid transmission functions of the waste heat generator. The main body cover plate 180 and the main body cover plate 180 and the outer reinforcement tube The sealing ring 190 between 110 can seal the waste heat generator unit.

In a preferred embodiment, the outer-layer reinforced tube 110, the outer-layer insulated heat-conducting tube 120, the thermovoltaic power generation tube 130, the inner-layer insulated heat-conducting tube 140, and the inner-layer reinforced tube 150 are all cylindrical and cylindrical structures. The adjacent interface is closely attached to each other. The outer reinforcement tube 110, the outer insulation heat conduction tube 120, the thermal power generation tube 130, and the inner insulation heat conduction tube 140 have the same length, and the inner reinforcement tube 150 is longer than the outer reinforcement The length of the tube 110; the outer-layer reinforced tube 110 and the inner-layer reinforced tube 150 are both made of stainless steel material, and the outer-layer insulated heat-conducting tube 120 and the inner-layer insulating heat-conducting tube 140 are both made of thermally conductive silica gel.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the waste heat generator unit 100 further includes a cryogenic liquid interface 200 fixedly connected to both ends of the inner-layer reinforcement tube 150.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the cryogenic liquid interface 200 is used to inject cryogenic fluid into the thermal generator unit, and two cryogenic liquid interfaces located at both ends of the inner reinforcement tube 150, one of which serves as cryogenic fluid The inflow end of the other, as the outflow end of the cryogenic fluid. The low-temperature liquid interface 200 is a circular ring structure made of high-strength material, and its inner diameter is the same as the inner diameter of the inner-layer reinforcement tube 150. Preferably, the cryogenic liquid interface 200 is provided with a set of second mounting holes 201 and a set of third mounting holes 202, and the inner reinforcement tube 150 is provided with a second tightening corresponding to the second mounting holes Fixed screw holes 151, through which the second mounting holes 201 and the second fastening screw holes 151 can be secured by screws to fix the cryogenic liquid interface 200 on the inner reinforcement tube 150, more preferably, the A sealing rubber pad may also be provided between the cryogenic liquid interface 200 and the inner reinforcement tube 150. Preferably, the adjacent waste heat generator units are fixedly connected through the third mounting holes 202 so that the low-temperature fluid channels of the adjacent waste heat generator units communicate. As shown in FIG. 6, the second mounting holes 201 are evenly distributed inside the circular cryogenic liquid interface 200, and the third mounting holes 202 are evenly distributed outside the circular cryogenic liquid interface 200, the There are six second and third mounting holes.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, the inner-layer reinforcing tube 150 is disposed at the innermost side of the waste heat generator unit, the inner-layer reinforcing tube 150 is made of a high-strength heat-conducting material, and the inner-layer reinforcing tube 150 is close to the inner insulation heat conduction tube, the outer diameter of which is the same as the inner diameter of the inner insulation heat conduction tube, the length of the inner reinforcement tube 150 is greater than the length of the outer reinforcement tube 110, and the extended part is convenient for the adjacent waste heat generator The tightening operation between the cryogenic liquid interface and the connection operation of the positive and negative output terminals when the unit is connected. Six second fastening screw holes 151 corresponding to the second mounting holes 201 are evenly arranged on the inner layer reinforcing tube 150, and the inside of the inner layer reinforcing tube 150 is a low-temperature fluid channel.

In a preferred embodiment, the outer-layer insulated heat pipe 120 and the inner-layer insulated heat pipe 140 are both made of thermally conductive silica gel. The outer-layer insulated heat-conducting tube 120 is located between the outer-layer reinforced tube 110 and the thermal power generation tube 130, and the inner-layer insulated heat-conducting tube 140 is located between the thermal-volt generation tube 130 and the inner-layer reinforcement tube 150.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, when the thermal power generation tube 130 is a plate-type thermal power generation tube, the thermal power generation tube 130 further includes a lead-out hole 181 drawn out from the positive lead The positive output terminal 132, the negative output terminal 133 led out from the negative lead extraction hole 182, the plate positive 134 short-circuited to the positive output terminal 132, and the plate negative 135 short-circuited to the negative output terminal 133; The outer side of the positive thermal material 160 is evenly welded to the inner curved panel of the tubular hot end conductor 131, and the inner side of the positive thermal material 160 is evenly welded to the outer curved panel of the plate-shaped positive electrode 134; The outer side of the negative thermal material 170 is evenly welded to another arc-shaped panel inside the tubular hot end conductor 131, and the inner side of the negative thermal material 170 is welded to the outer arc-shaped panel of the plate-type negative electrode 135. The plate positive electrode 134 and the plate negative electrode 135 are insulated; the plate positive electrode 134 and the plate negative electrode 135 are both materials with good electrical conductivity.

In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the tubular hot end conductor 131 is equal to the inner diameter of the outer insulating heat conducting tube. The tubular hot end conductor 131 is made of a metal material with good electrical conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, iron, etc. The positive thermovoltaic material 160 and the negative thermovoltaic material 170 are both parallel materials. From the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the thermovoltaic power generation unit, the positive thermovoltaic material 160 and the negative thermovoltaic material 170 are distributed in On the upper and lower semicircles of the cross section, if the tubular hot end conductor 131 is cut axially at the junction of the positive thermal material 160 and the negative thermal material 170 and the tubular thermal end conductor 131 is expanded into a plane, the positive thermal material The distribution of the material 160 and the negative thermovoltaic material 170 on the tubular hot-end conductor is shown in FIG. 9. As can be seen from FIG. 9, after the tubular hot-end conductor 131 is unfolded, the length is L and the width is πD2, where D2 is The outer diameter of the tubular hot end conductor, the outer side of the positive thermovoltaic material 160 is uniformly welded in n rows and m rows on the upper part of the expanded tubular hot end conductor 131, and the outer side of the negative thermovoltaic material 170 is evenly arranged in n rows and m rows Welded on the lower part of the expanded tubular hot end conductor, the inside of the positive thermal material 160 is welded to the plate positive 134; the inside of the negative thermal material 170 is welded to the plate negative 135; the plate The positive electrode 134 is a whole piece of metal conductor material, the inner side is close to the outer side of the inner insulating heat pipe 140, and the outer side of the plate type positive electrode 134 is welded with all positive electrode thermal material 160. The expanded length of the plate type positive electrode 134 is L, and the width is slightly less than 0.5πD2 The plate-type positive electrode is short-circuited with the positive electrode output terminals 132 at both ends. The plate-type positive electrode 134 is preferably copper; the plate-type negative electrode 135 is a whole piece of metal conductor material, and the inside is close to the outside of the inner insulating and heat-conducting tube 140. All negative electrode thermovoltaic materials 170 are welded. The length of the plate-type negative electrode 135 is L and the width is slightly less than 0.5πD2. The plate-type negative electrode 135 is short-circuited with the negative electrode output terminals 133 at both ends. The plate-type negative electrode 135 is preferably copper; The plate positive electrode 134 and the plate negative electrode 135 are insulated.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, when the thermal power generating tube 130 is an axial parallel structure thermal power generating tube, the thermal power generating tube 130 further includes a lead-out hole from the positive lead A positive output terminal 132 drawn out from 181, a negative output terminal 133 drawn out from the negative lead extraction hole 182, an axially parallel positive electrode 136 short-circuited to the positive output terminal 132, and a shaft short-circuited to the negative output terminal 133 In parallel to the negative electrode 137; in a section perpendicular to the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor 131, the positive electrode thermal voltaic material 160 and the negative electrode thermal voltaic material 170 are staggered and welded on the tubular hot end conductor 131 On the inner circular panel, the inside of one positive thermal material 160 is welded to the outside of the axially parallel positive electrode 136, and the inside of the remaining positive thermal material 160 is welded to the outside of the axially parallel short-circuit conductor 300, of which one negative electrode The inside of the thermal voltaic material 170 is welded to the outside of the axial parallel negative electrode 137, and the inside of the remaining negative voltaic material 170 is welded to the outside of the axial parallel short-circuit conductor 300; the axially parallel positive electrode 136 is adjacent to the axially parallel negative electrode 137; In a section perpendicular to the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor 131, starting from the axially parallel positive electrode 136 adjacent to the negative electrode thermal material 170, the adjacent negative electrode thermal material 170 and positive electrode thermal material 160 are adjacent to each other Is welded on the outer arc-shaped faceplate of an axial parallel short-circuit conductor 300 of copper; insulation is arranged between adjacent axial parallel short-circuit conductors 300, the axial parallel positive electrode 136, the axial parallel negative electrode 137 and the axial parallel short circuit The three conductors 300 are all insulated; the axially parallel positive electrode 136, the axially parallel negative electrode 137 and the axially parallel short circuit conductor 300 are all materials with good electrical conductivity; all the thermal volts parallel to the axial direction of the thermovoltaic tube 130 The materials have the same properties, either all are positive thermal material 160 or negative thermal material 170; all the conductors parallel to the axial direction of the thermal power generating tube 130 are of the same type, or all are axially parallel positive electrodes 136, Either all are axially parallel negative electrodes 137, or all are axially parallel short-circuit conductors 300.

In this embodiment, in the axial section perpendicular to the thermovoltaic power generation unit, the negative electrode thermovoltaic material 170 welded to the axially parallel negative electrode 137 is in phase with the positive electrode thermovoltaic material 160 welded to the axially parallel positive electrode 136 If the anode thermal voltaic material 170 welded to the axially parallel negative electrode 137 and the anode thermal voltaic material 160 welded to the axially parallel positive electrode 136 cut the tubular hot end conductor along its axis and spread out into one Flat surface, the distribution of the positive thermovoltaic material and the negative thermovoltaic material on the tubular hot end conductor 131 is shown in FIG. 11: after the tubular hot end conductor 131 is unfolded, the length is L and the width is πD2, which is parallel to the axial direction In the direction of, the thermal material of the same nature is arranged; in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction, the positive thermal material and the negative thermal material are alternately distributed in pairs.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 12-14, when the thermovolt generator tube 130 is an axial series structure thermovolt generator tube, the thermovolt generator tube 130 further includes The positive output terminal 132 drawn out from the lead-out hole 181, the negative output terminal 133 drawn out from the negative lead-out hole 182, and the axial series positive electrode 138 short-circuited to the positive output terminal 132 are short-circuited to the negative output terminal 133 The axially connected negative electrode 139 is connected in series; in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor 131, the positive electrode thermal voltaic material 160 and the negative electrode thermal voltaic material 170 are each arranged in a circular ring shape. In the axial direction, the outer sides of the positive and negative thermal materials 160 and 170 arranged in a circular ring are sequentially welded alternately on the inner circular panel of the tubular hot end conductor 131; alternately welded circular rings The number of rows of positive thermal material 160 and negative thermal material 170 are equal, the inner side of the outermost positive electrode thermal material is welded to the outer side of the axially connected positive electrode 138, and the innermost outer layer of negative electrode thermal material is connected in series to the axial direction The outer side of the negative electrode 139 is welded, the middle adjacent coil-shaped positive thermovoltaic material and the ring-shaped negative thermoelectric material are arranged inside, the ring-shaped pair is welded on the outer side of the same axial series short-circuit conductor 400, along the tubular hot end conductor In the axial direction, the outside of one axial series short-circuit conductor 400 is welded to the adjacent circle of negative thermal material 170 and the inside of a circle of positive thermal material 160; insulation is provided between adjacent axial series short-circuit conductors 400 , The axial series positive electrode 138, the axial series negative electrode 139, and the axial series short circuit conductor 400 are all insulated; the axial series positive electrode 138, the axial series negative electrode 139, and the axial series short circuit conductor 400 are all insulated It is a material with good conductivity.

In this embodiment, the axial series structure thermovolt generators use the same property thermovolt material alternately distributed in the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor 131, the positive thermovolt material 160 and the negative thermovolt material 170 are both outside Welded to the tubular hot-end conductor, the inside of the positive thermal material 160 is welded to the axial series positive electrode 138 or the axial series short-circuit conductor 400; the inside of the negative thermal material 170 is welded to the axial series negative electrode 139 or axial series short circuit On the conductor 400; the positive thermovoltaic material 160 and the negative thermovoltaic material 170 are arranged in a ring shape, and the rounded array of the positive thermovoltaic material 160 and the negative thermovoltaic material 170 have the same number of turns and are distributed at intervals, That is, the adjacent circle is a thermal material with different properties.

In this embodiment, the axial series negative electrode 139 and the axial series positive electrode 138 are distributed at both ends of the waste heat generator unit; the axial series positive electrode 138 has an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the inner insulation heat conduction tube and is insulated from the inner layer The ring structure of the heat pipe is close to the ring and is made of metal conductive material, preferably copper; the outer side of the axially connected positive electrode is welded to the inner side of the positive electrode thermal material, the width is equal to the positive electrode thermal material, and is short-circuited with the positive electrode output terminal; The axial series negative electrode 139 is a ring-shaped structure with an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the inner-layer insulated heat-conducting tube and closely adhered to the inner-layer insulated heat-conducting tube, and is composed of a metal conductive material, preferably copper; The inside of the volt material is welded, the width of which is equal to that of the negative thermovolt material, and it is short-circuited with the negative output terminal.

The tubular hot end conductor is axially cut and unfolded into a plane from the anode thermal voltaic material 170 welded to the axially-connected negative electrode 139 and the anode thermal voltaic material 160 welded to the axially-connected positive electrode 138, and its structure is as follows As shown in Fig. 13: the axial series short-circuit conductor 400 is a cylindrical cylindrical structure with an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the inner insulating heat conducting tube, and the inner side is in close contact with the inner insulating heat conducting tube, and is composed of a metal conductive material, preferably copper; the shaft To the outside of the series short-circuit conductor 400, two cycles of thermal voltaic material are welded, one cycle of positive thermal voltaic material, and one cycle of negative thermal voltaic material.

In a preferred embodiment, the large-size lead telluride single crystal positive thermal material and the negative thermal material disclosed in the invention patent CN201810246390 are cut. The cutting method is as follows:

The positive thermal cutting material obtained in the second step is used as the positive thermal thermal material 160, and the negative thermal cutting material obtained in the third step is used as the negative thermal thermal material 170.

In a preferred embodiment, when the thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation is composed of a plurality of waste heat generator units connected in series, as shown in FIG. 15, at this time, the positive electrode of the waste heat generator unit The output terminal is short-circuited to the negative output terminal of the adjacent waste heat generator unit, and the negative output terminal of the waste heat generator unit is short-circuited to the positive output terminal of the adjacent waste heat generator unit. At both ends of the thermoelectric power generation device based on waste heat generation, one end of the non-short-circuited positive output terminal of the waste heat generation unit serves as the positive electrode of the thermoelectric generation device based on waste heat generation; one end of the waste heat generation unit The negative output terminal that is not short-circuited is used as a negative electrode of a thermoelectric power generation device that generates electricity based on waste heat.

In a preferred embodiment, when the thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation is composed of multiple waste heat generator units connected in parallel, as shown in FIG. 16, at this time, all waste heat generator units The short-circuit connection of the positive output terminal, the short-circuit connection of the positive output terminal constitutes the positive electrode of the thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation; the negative output terminals of all the waste heat generator units are short-circuited, and the short-circuit connection of the negative output terminal constitutes the Negative electrode of thermal power generation device.

In a preferred embodiment, when the thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation is composed of a plurality of waste heat generator units connected in series and parallel, as shown in FIG. 17, at this time, it is assumed that The thermal power generation device is composed of n×m waste heat generator units. The first n waste heat generator units form m sets of parallel waste heat generator units, and the m sets of parallel waste heat generator units are connected in series. , Constitute a series-parallel generator device.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 18, the thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation provided by the present invention is placed in the waste heat liquid, and a low temperature fluid is connected to the low temperature liquid interface to allow the low temperature fluid to flow through the waste heat generator Unit, the thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation can output electrical energy.

In summary, the thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation provided by the present invention has the characteristics of no noise, no pollution, and green environmental protection. It has a simple structure, high energy conversion efficiency, and no mechanical device inside, and has a long service life. The maintenance is simple and convenient; the thermovoltaic power generation device of the present invention based on waste heat power generation includes several waste heat generator units connected in series, parallel or series-parallel connection, and the waste heat generator units are sequentially arranged from outside to inside Outer reinforced tube, outer insulated heat conducting tube, thermovolt generator tube, inner insulated heat conducting tube and inner reinforced tube, the inner reinforced tube is a low temperature fluid channel; the waste heat generator unit is placed in the When the waste heat liquid is introduced into the low-temperature fluid channel and a low-temperature fluid is introduced, the heat energy resources of the waste heat can be collected, and the waste heat energy can be converted into electrical energy to provide more electrical energy for the society.

It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For those of ordinary skill in the art, improvements or changes can be made according to the above description, and all such improvements and changes should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

A thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation is characterized by comprising a plurality of waste heat generator units (100) connected in series, parallel or series-parallel, the waste heat generator unit (100) including The outer reinforced tube (110), the outer insulated heat pipe (120), the thermal power generation tube (130), the inner insulated heat pipe (140) and the inner reinforced tube (150) are arranged in this order from outside to inside. The inner-layer reinforced tube (150) has a low-temperature fluid channel inside, and the thermovolt generator tube (130) includes a tubular hot-end conductor (131) that is in direct contact with the outer-layer insulated heat-conducting tube (120) and is disposed on the A positive thermovoltaic material (160) and a negative thermovoltaic material (170) inside the tubular hot end conductor (131), the thermovoltaic power tube (130) is a plate-type thermovoltaic tube, an axial parallel structure thermovoltaic tube Or one of the axial series structure thermovoltaic power generation tubes; the outer-layer reinforced tube (110) and the inner-layer reinforced tube (150) are made of materials with good thermal conductivity and good compression and tensile capacity; the outer layer Insulated heat pipe (120) and inner layer insulated heat pipe (140) are made of materials with good insulation and good thermal conductivity; hot end conductor (131) is made of materials with good electrical conductivity; when the waste heat generator unit (100) is placed in When the low-temperature fluid is passed into the low-temperature fluid channel in the waste heat liquid, the thermoelectric power generation device that generates electricity based on the waste heat outputs electrical energy.
The thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste heat generator unit (100) further includes a main body cover fixedly connected to both ends (110) of the outer reinforcement tube A plate (180), a sealing ring (190) is provided between the main body cover plate (180) and the outer layer reinforcement tube (110), the outer diameter of the main body cover plate (180) and the outer layer reinforcement tube (180) 110) The outer diameter is the same, the inner diameter of the main body cover plate (180) is greater than the outer diameter of the inner layer reinforcement tube (150), and the main body cover plate (180) is provided with a positive lead extraction hole (181) and a negative lead The lead-out hole (182); the main body cover plate (180) is provided with a mounting hole, and the main body cover plate (180) is installed on the outer layer reinforcement tube (110) through the mounting hole, and the outer layer insulation heat conduction tube (120) is ensured ，Thermal power generation tube (130), inner insulation heat conduction tube (140) is sealed.
The thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation according to claim 2, wherein when the thermal power generation tube (130) is a plate-type thermal power generation tube, the thermal power generation tube (130) also It includes a positive output terminal (132) drawn out from the positive lead extraction hole (181), a negative output terminal (133) drawn out from the negative lead extraction hole (182), and is short-circuited with the positive output terminal (132) Plate type positive electrode (134), plate type negative electrode (135) short-circuited with the negative electrode output terminal (133); the outer side of the positive electrode thermal voltaic material (160) is evenly welded on the inner side of the tubular hot end conductor (131) On the curved panel, the inside of the positive thermal material (160) is evenly welded to the outer curved panel of the plate-type positive electrode (134); the outside of the negative thermal material (170) is evenly welded to the tubular On the other arc-shaped panel inside the hot end conductor (131), the inner side of the negative thermovoltaic material (170) is welded on the outer arc-shaped panel of the plate-type negative electrode (135), the plate-type positive electrode (134) and the plate-type negative electrode (135) is provided with insulation; the plate positive electrode (134) and the plate negative electrode (135) are both materials with good conductivity.
The thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation according to claim 2, wherein when the thermal power generation tube (130) is an axial parallel structure thermal power generation tube, the thermal power generation tube (130) ) Also includes a positive output terminal (132) drawn from the positive lead extraction hole (181), a negative output terminal (133) drawn from the negative lead extraction hole (182), and the positive output terminal (132) Axial parallel positive electrode (136) short-circuited, axially parallel negative electrode (137) short-circuited with the negative output terminal (133); on a section perpendicular to the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor (131), the The outer sides of the positive thermovoltaic material (160) and the negative thermovoltaic material (170) are sequentially welded on the inner circular panel of the tubular hot end conductor (131) in a staggered and uniform manner, wherein one positive thermovoltaic material (160) The inside is welded on the outside of the axial parallel positive electrode (136), the inside of the remaining positive thermal material (160) is welded on the outside of the axial parallel short-circuit conductor (300), wherein one negative electrode thermal material (170) is welded on the inside On the outside of the axially parallel negative electrode (137), the inside of the remaining negative electrode thermal material (170) is welded on the outside of the axially parallel short circuit conductor (300); the axially parallel positive electrode (136) and the axially parallel negative electrode (137) Adjacent; in a section perpendicular to the axial direction of the tubular hot-end conductor (131), starting from the axially parallel positive electrode (136) and the adjacent negative electrode thermal material (170) in a clockwise direction, the adjacent negative electrode heats each other The inner side of the volt material (170) and the positive thermovoltaic material (160) are welded to the outer arc-shaped panel of the same axial parallel short circuit conductor (300); the insulation is arranged between adjacent axial parallel short circuit conductors (300). The axially parallel positive electrode (136), the axially parallel negative electrode (137) and the axially parallel short circuit conductor (300) are all insulated; the axially parallel positive electrode (136) and the axially parallel negative electrode (137) And the axial parallel short-circuit conductors (300) are all materials with good electrical conductivity; all thermovoltaic materials parallel to the axis of the thermovoltaic generator tube (130) have the same properties, either all are positive thermovoltaic materials (160), or both It is a negative thermal material (170); all the conductors parallel to the axial direction of the thermal power generating tube (130) have the same type, either all are axially parallel positive electrodes (136), or all are axially parallel negative electrodes (137), Either all are axial parallel short-circuit conductors (300).
The thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation according to claim 2, wherein when the thermal power generation tube (130) is an axial series structure thermal power generation tube, the thermal power generation tube (130) ) Also includes a positive output terminal (132) drawn from the positive lead extraction hole (181), a negative output terminal (133) drawn from the negative lead extraction hole (182), and the positive output terminal (132) ) Axial series positive pole (138) short-circuited, and an axial series negative pole (139) short-circuited with the negative output terminal (133); in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor (131), the The positive electrode thermal voltaic material (160) and the negative electrode thermal voltaic material (170) are each arranged in a circular ring shape. In the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor (131), the positive electrode thermal voltaic material arranged in a circular ring shape (160) and the outer side of the negative thermovoltaic material (170) are alternately welded to the inner circular panel of the tubular hot end conductor (131) in turn; alternately welded circularly arranged positive thermovoltaic material (160) and negative thermal The number of turns of the volt material (170) is equal, the inside of the outermost circle of the positive thermovoltaic material is welded to the outside of the axial series positive electrode (138), and the inside of the outermost circle of the negative thermovoltaic material is welded to the outside of the axial series negative electrode (139) , The inner side of the ring-shaped positive thermovoltaic material and the ring-shaped negative thermoelectric material are arranged in the middle, the ring-shaped pairs are welded to the outer side of the same axial series short-circuit conductor (400), along the axial direction of the tubular hot end conductor In the direction of the direction, the outer side of an axial series short-circuit conductor (400) is welded together with the adjacent circle of negative thermal material (170) and a circle of positive thermal material (160) inside; the adjacent axial series short-circuit conductor (400) 400) Insulated between the axial series positive electrode (138), the axial series negative electrode (139) and the axial series short-circuit conductor (400) are insulated; the axial series positive electrode (138) , Axial series negative electrode (139) and axial series short-circuit conductor (400) are all materials with good conductivity.
The thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste heat generator unit (100) further comprises low temperatures fixedly connected to both ends of the inner-layer reinforcement tube (150) For the liquid interface (200), the length of the inner reinforcement tube (150) is greater than the length of the outer reinforcement tube (110).
The thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer layer reinforcement tube (110), the outer insulation heat conduction tube (120), the thermal power generation tube (130), the inner layer The insulated heat conduction tube (140) and the inner reinforcement tube (150) are both cylindrical and cylindrical structures, and the adjacent interfaces are closely adhered to each other. The outer reinforcement tube (110), the outer insulation heat conduction tube (120), and the thermal volt The length of the power generating tube (130) and the inner-layer insulated heat conducting tube (140) are equal.
The thermal power generation device based on waste heat power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer layer reinforcement tube (110) and the inner layer reinforcement tube (150) are made of stainless steel material, and the outer layer Both the insulated heat pipe (120) and the inner layer insulated heat pipe (140) are made of thermally conductive silica gel.
The thermal volt power generation device based on waste heat power generation according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the positive electrode thermal voltaic material (160) is a P-type semiconductor material having a Seebeck effect, and the negative electrode thermal voltaic The material (170) is an N-type semiconductor material with Seebeck effect.
The thermovoltaic power generation device based on waste heat power generation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the large-scale lead telluride single crystal positive thermovoltaic material and the negative thermovoltaic material are cut by the following cutting methods:

In the first step, the X-ray directional instrument and the X-ray powder diffractometer are used to accurately orient the large-scale lead telluride single crystal positive thermal material and negative thermal material, and determine the (100) and (111) crystal plane directions;

In the second step, on the basis of the positive electrode thermal voltaic material in the first step, the wire cutting machine is used to cut along the (100) and (111) crystal plane directions, thereby obtaining the positive electrode of the lead telluride single crystal (100) and (111) direction Thermal cutting material;

In the third step, on the basis of the negative electrode thermal material in the first step, the wire cutting machine is used to cut along the (100) and (111) crystal plane directions, thereby obtaining the lead telluride single crystal (100) and (111) direction negative electrodes Thermal cutting material;

The positive thermal cutting material obtained in the second step is used as a positive thermal thermal material (160), and the negative thermal cutting material obtained in the third step is used as a negative thermal thermal material (170).