JP6358737B2 - Hollow tube and power generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hollow tube for generating power using light and waste heat, a power generation device using the hollow tube, and a hollow channel for flowing a fluid having a heat quantity inside an exhaust pipe of a combustion device. The present invention relates to a power generator attached to a pipe.

  In recent years, the importance of power generation using natural energy has increased due to the effects of the earthquake disaster. Under such circumstances, solar power generation systems that generate electric power from sunlight in plants and plants have become widespread. It has been proposed that solar panels in the solar power generation system be installed on the roofs of factories and plant buildings (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

JP2011-233715A JP2011-216544A

  The solar panel in the conventional solar power generation system is limited in installation location because the device is large. Moreover, there are many cases where reinforcement of the installation location of the solar panel is necessary, which requires a great deal of cost. The conventional solar power generation system has various problems including the above problems, and it is necessary to construct a new power generation system.

  Under such circumstances, the inventor of the present application particularly paid attention to factories and plants having an electric furnace or the like having a large input power. Hot gas discharged from an electric furnace or the like is discharged to the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe or the like, and thermal energy is released through the exhaust pipe or the like. In addition, the exhaust pipe is often located outdoors and is in a position where it is susceptible to sunlight energy. In many cases, factories, plants, and the like that possess such an electric furnace are stopped during the daytime to save electricity charges and operate their facilities late at night. Therefore, the factories and plants are in a situation where they can obtain solar energy during the day and heat energy and all day energy at night.

  In view of the circumstances as described above, the present invention utilizes a photoelectric conversion that converts light energy into electrical energy, a hollow tube that performs thermoelectric conversion that converts heat energy generated by exhaust heat into electrical energy, and the hollow tube. Another object of the present invention is to provide a power generation device that is attached to a hollow pipe that allows a fluid having a heat quantity to flow inside an exhaust pipe or the like of the combustion power generation apparatus.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the hollow tube of the present invention includes at least one photoelectric conversion element in which at least one photoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate. A sheet, at least one thermoelectric conversion sheet in which at least one thermoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate, and a hollow tube body through which a fluid for applying thermal energy to the thermoelectric conversion element flows. And the thermoelectric conversion sheet covers at least a part of the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body when viewed in cross section of the hollow tube main body and is disposed at a position capable of receiving the thermal energy of the fluid. So that the photoelectric conversion sheet covers at least part of the outer periphery of the hollow tube body when the cross section of the hollow tube body is viewed. Take the body Vignetting, the photoelectric conversion sheet, and the thermoelectric conversion sheet, when viewed cross-section of the hollow tube body, is characterized in that mounted so as not to overlap with each other on the same circumference. This brings about the effect | action of performing efficiently the photoelectric conversion which used light as an energy source, and the thermoelectric conversion by waste heat. In particular, if the hollow tube of the present invention is disposed outdoors as an exhaust tube of a combustion apparatus such as an electric furnace, power can be generated continuously throughout the day. In addition, if the photoelectric conversion sheet is arranged only on the same outer periphery of the hollow tube main body, or if the installation location such as the device is devised, the wiring resistance can be reduced, so that the power generation efficiency can be improved. In addition, an improvement in the amount of power generation per unit volume (installation space) can be realized.

In the hollow tube of the present invention, the photoelectric conversion sheet overlaps so that at least part of the photoelectric conversion sheet covers the thermoelectric conversion sheet when a cross section of the hollow tube main body is viewed . By disposing the thermoelectric conversion sheet closer to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow tube body than the photoelectric conversion sheet, the thermoelectric conversion sheet has an effect of easily conducting the heat of the hollow tube body. Moreover, since a photoelectric conversion sheet is arrange | positioned on the outer periphery outer side rather than a thermoelectric conversion sheet, the photoelectric conversion sheet brings about the effect | action of making it easy to receive light. Thereby, the power generation efficiency of a thermoelectric conversion sheet and a photoelectric conversion sheet can be improved more.

  In the hollow tube of the present invention, the photoelectric conversion sheet and the thermoelectric conversion sheet are attached to the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body via a heat insulating material or a heat dissipation material. Thereby, the said photoelectric conversion sheet and the said thermoelectric conversion sheet are protected from the high temperature exceeding heat resistance, and the effect | action of generating electric power efficiently is brought about.

  Moreover, in the hollow tube of the present invention, the power generated by the photoelectric conversion circuit configured by at least one of the photoelectric conversion sheets, and the power generated by the thermoelectric conversion circuit configured by at least one of the thermoelectric conversion sheets Is further provided with at least one output circuit. Further, in the hollow tube of the present invention, the hollow tube of the present invention is constituted by a photoelectric conversion output circuit that outputs electric power generated by the photoelectric conversion circuit constituted by at least one of the photoelectric conversion sheets, and at least one thermoelectric conversion sheet. And a thermoelectric conversion output circuit for outputting the electric power generated by the thermoelectric conversion circuit to the outside. Moreover, in the hollow tube of the present invention, the power generated by the photoelectric conversion circuit configured by at least one of the photoelectric conversion sheets, and the power generated by the thermoelectric conversion circuit configured by at least one of the thermoelectric conversion sheets Is further provided. As a result, the electric power generated by the photoelectric conversion circuit and the thermoelectric conversion circuit can be processed and output to separate output circuits (which may be plural) corresponding to the respective circuits, or the electric power generated by the respective circuits can be output. This brings about the effect that the output is processed by one output circuit.

The power generation device of the present invention includes at least one photoelectric conversion sheet in which at least one photoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate, and at least one on the flexible sheet-like substrate. At least one thermoelectric conversion sheet on which a thermoelectric conversion element is formed, a hollow tube main body for flowing a fluid that gives thermal energy to the thermoelectric conversion element, the photoelectric conversion sheet, and the electric power generated by the thermoelectric conversion sheet And the thermoelectric conversion sheet covers at least a part of the outer periphery of the hollow tube body when the cross section of the hollow tube body is viewed, and the thermoelectric conversion sheet attached to said hollow tube body to be disposed thermal energy to the receiving position capable the photoelectric conversion sheet, when viewed cross-section of the hollow tube body, the hollow tube present The photoelectric conversion sheet and the thermoelectric conversion sheet are attached to each other on the same outer periphery when the cross section of the hollow tube main body is viewed. It is attached so that it may not overlap . This brings about the effect | action of performing efficiently the photoelectric conversion which used light as an energy source, and the thermoelectric conversion by waste heat.

Moreover, the power generator of the present invention is a power generator attached to a hollow tube main body as an exhaust pipe of a combustion device, wherein at least one photoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate. Two photoelectric conversion sheets, at least one thermoelectric conversion sheet in which at least one thermoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate, the photoelectric conversion sheet, and the electric power generated by the thermoelectric conversion sheet At least one output circuit that outputs to the outside, and the thermoelectric conversion sheet covers at least a part of the outer periphery of the hollow tube body when the cross section of the hollow tube body is viewed, and the combustion The photoelectric conversion sheet is attached to the hollow tube main body so as to be disposed at a position where the thermal energy generated by the combustion of the apparatus can be received. Occasionally, attached to the hollow tube body so as to cover at least a portion of an outer periphery of said hollow tube body, the photoelectric conversion sheet, and the thermoelectric conversion sheet, when viewed cross-section of the hollow tube body Further, they are attached so as not to overlap each other on the same outer periphery . This brings about the effect | action of performing efficiently the photoelectric conversion which used light as an energy source, and the thermoelectric conversion by waste heat.

The power generation device of the present invention is a power generation device that is attached to a hollow tube main body through which a fluid having thermal energy flows. At least one photoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate. Further, at least one photoelectric conversion sheet, at least one thermoelectric conversion sheet in which at least one thermoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate, the photoelectric conversion sheet, and the thermoelectric conversion sheet generate electric power. The thermoelectric conversion sheet covers at least a part of the outer periphery of the hollow tube body when the cross section of the hollow tube body is viewed. The photoelectric conversion sheet is attached to the hollow tube main body so as to be disposed at a position where the thermal energy of the fluid can be received, and when the cross section of the hollow tube main body is viewed The photoelectric conversion sheet, when viewed cross-section of the hollow tube body, attached to the hollow tube body so as to cover at least a portion of an outer periphery of said hollow tube body, the photoelectric conversion sheet, and the The thermoelectric conversion sheets are attached so as not to overlap each other on the same outer periphery when the cross section of the hollow tube main body is viewed . This brings about the effect | action of performing efficiently the photoelectric conversion which used light as an energy source, and the thermoelectric conversion by waste heat.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the outstanding effect that the photoelectric conversion which used light as the energy source, and the thermoelectric conversion by waste heat can be performed efficiently can be show | played.

It is a figure which shows the hollow tube 100 in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the photoelectric conversion element formed in the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the thermoelectric conversion element formed in the thermoelectric conversion sheet | seat 30 in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the electric power generating apparatus 200 containing the hollow tube 100 in embodiment of this invention.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a hollow tube 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1A, the hollow tube 100 includes a hollow tube main body 10, a photoelectric conversion sheet 20 that is an embodiment of a photoelectric conversion member that converts light energy into electric energy, and heat energy as electric energy. The thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 which is one aspect | mode of the thermoelectric conversion member converted into is provided. The hollow tube main body 10 is assumed to have a cylindrical shape, for example, but is not limited thereto, and may have other shapes.

  The photoelectric conversion sheet 20 is obtained by forming a photoelectric conversion element using a flexible flexible sheet-like substrate as a substrate. At least one photoelectric conversion sheet 20 is attached to the outer periphery of the hollow tube body 10. Since the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 has flexibility and is flexible, it can be attached along the shape of the hollow tube body 10. Further, for example, when the temperature of the hollow tube main body 10 is assumed to be a high temperature exceeding the heat resistance temperature of the photoelectric conversion sheet 20, the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 is interposed through a heat insulating material 40 or a heat dissipation material (not shown). It may be attached to the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body 10. Which material is used as the heat insulating material 40 or the heat radiating material (not shown) is determined in consideration of various factors such as the heat resistant temperature of the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the temperature of the hollow tube body 10.

  Moreover, the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 is a sheet in which a thermoelectric conversion element is formed using a flexible flexible sheet-like substrate as a substrate. At least one thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 is attached to the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body 10. Since the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 has flexibility and is flexible, it can be attached along the shape of the hollow tube main body 10. For example, when it is assumed that the temperature of the hollow tube main body 10 becomes a high temperature exceeding the heat resistance temperature of the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30, the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 is also interposed via the heat insulating material 40 or a heat dissipation material (not shown). It may be attached to the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body 10. Which material is used as the heat insulating material 40 or the heat radiating material (not shown) is determined in consideration of various factors such as the heat resistance temperature of the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 and the temperature of the hollow tube body 10.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 1A, the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 are attached to the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body 10 (hereinafter referred to as the hollow tube main body outer peripheral attachment aspect). An aspect (the ratio of covering the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body 10 of the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 along the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body 10 so as to cover each half of the outer periphery on the same outer periphery. 1: 1) is mentioned as an example, but it is not limited to this. Note that the same outer periphery includes not only a two-dimensional same outer periphery but also a three-dimensional same outer periphery. As shown in FIG. 1A, the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 is disposed at a position where it can receive a large amount of irradiated light even on the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body 10, and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 is disposed on the hollow tube main body 10. It is placed in a position where it can receive the heat conducted through it efficiently. From this point of view, a mode in which the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 cover only a part of the outer periphery (such as a place where light is easily received) on the same outer periphery of the hollow tube main body 10 is also included in the present invention. In this way, since the wiring resistance can be reduced, the power generation efficiency can be improved. Moreover, if it carries out as mentioned above, the power generation amount improvement per unit volume (installation space) is also realizable.

  As another hollow tube main body outer periphery attachment aspect, you may make the ratio which covers the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body 10 of the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 other than 1: 1. Moreover, as another hollow tube main body outer periphery attachment aspect, as shown in sectional drawing of the hollow tube 100 of FIG.1 (b), the thermoelectric conversion sheet | seat 30 is carried out in the aspect which goes around the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body 10. FIG. The photoelectric conversion sheet 20 may be attached to the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body 10 from the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 attached to the hollow tube main body 10. Note that the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 do not necessarily have to go around the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body 10 or overlap each other, but are attached in a layered manner. In addition, the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 is preferably attached to the inner periphery (inner layer) than the photoelectric conversion sheet 20. Thereby, the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 will be arrange | positioned near the outer peripheral surface of the hollow tube main body 10 rather than the photoelectric conversion sheet 20, and it will become easy to conduct the heat of the hollow tube main body 10 to the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30. FIG. In addition, since the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 is arranged on the outer periphery outside of the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30, the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 is likely to receive light. In this case, a heat insulating material 40 or a heat radiating material (not shown) may be inserted between the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30.

  The photoelectric conversion sheet 20, the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30, and the output circuit 50 are connected so that the electric power obtained by the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 is supplied to the output circuit 50. The output circuit 50 outputs the electric power generated by the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 to the outside. In other words, the output circuit 50 performs a predetermined process on the electric power generated by the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 and supplies the predetermined electric power to the load. Examples of the predetermined process include boosting or performing DC-AC conversion, but the present invention is not limited to this, and various other processes may be included. That is, the output circuit 50 may be a mode including only the booster circuit, may include the booster circuit and the inverter circuit, or may be other circuits, and various modes of the output circuit 50 are assumed. All such embodiments are included in the present invention.

  Moreover, in this invention, as shown in FIG.1 (c), the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the photoelectric conversion sheet so that the electric power obtained with the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 may be supplied to the separate output circuit 51 and the output circuit 52, respectively. 20 and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30, and the output circuit 51 and the output circuit 52 may be connected. Moreover, a plurality of output locations may be provided in each of the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30, and an output circuit corresponding to the output locations may be provided. That is, in the present invention, the electrical connection mode and the output mode with the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 include various modes.

  In the present invention, the components of the hollow tube 100 may include the output circuit 50, or the output circuit 51 and the output circuit 52, and may be regarded as the hollow tube 100. In the present invention, the hollow tube 100 and the output circuit 50 or the output circuit 51 and the output circuit 52 are regarded as separate elements, and the hollow tube 100 and the output circuit 50 or the output circuit 51 and the output circuit 52 generate power. It may be considered that the device is configured.

  Moreover, if the hollow tube 100 is used outdoors as a hollow tube (for example, an exhaust pipe in a combustion apparatus such as an electric furnace or a boiler apparatus) through which a fluid having a heat quantity flows, the hollow tube 100 is disposed outdoors. When heat energy of a fluid such as exhaust gas flowing through the hollow tube 100 can be converted into electric energy, solar energy can be converted into electric energy at the same time. In addition, in this invention, a combustion apparatus means all the apparatuses which discharge | emit the fluid which has a thermal energy with combustion as well as an electric furnace and a boiler apparatus.

  In particular, factories and plants that have electric furnaces, etc., stop operating during the day to save electricity costs, and in view of the fact that the facilities are often operated at midnight, If the hollow tube 100 is used, it is possible to easily generate power that converts solar energy into electric energy during the day and to convert the heat energy of waste heat into electric energy at night. In this case, the efficiency of converting the heat energy of the exhaust gas into electric energy is improved by setting the outer peripheral mounting mode of the hollow tube main body to a mode as shown in FIG. 1B (including the case where the heat insulating material 40 is not provided). At the same time, the efficiency of converting solar energy into electrical energy can be improved. If the hollow tube body 10 is regarded as a hollow tube (for example, an exhaust tube provided in the combustion device) through which a fluid having a heat quantity flows, a photoelectric conversion sheet 20, a thermoelectric conversion sheet 30, and an output circuit 50 are used. Can be regarded as a power generator attached to a hollow tube through which a fluid having a heat quantity flows.

  Moreover, the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 can generate power even with diffused light. Accordingly, even if the hollow tube 100 is used as a hollow tube (for example, an exhaust pipe in a combustion apparatus such as an electric furnace or a boiler device) through which a fluid having a heat quantity flows, the hollow tube 100 is disposed indoors. If there is light indoors, the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 can generate power. As a result, regardless of whether the hollow tube 100 is placed indoors or outdoors, the thermal energy of fluid such as exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe can be converted into electrical energy, and at the same time, light energy is converted into electrical energy. can do.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the photoelectric conversion element 21 formed on the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 in the embodiment of the present invention. As a configuration of the photoelectric conversion element 21 formed on the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 in the embodiment of the present invention, a positive electrode 23, a hole transport layer 24, a photoelectric conversion layer 25, and a negative electrode 26 are provided on a substrate 22 as shown in FIG. A configuration provided sequentially is an example.

  In the photoelectric conversion element formed on the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 in the embodiment of the present invention, when light is incident, excitons are generated in the photoelectric conversion layer 25, and further, electrons and holes are generated. Electrons move to the negative electrode 26 side, and holes move to the hole transport layer 24 (positive electrode 23). As a result, a current (photoexcitation current) flows through an external circuit (not shown) connected to the positive electrode 23 and the negative electrode 26.

  The substrate 22 is made of a flexible material having flexibility. For example, a transparent film substrate formed of a resin material such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) can be cited as an example. It is not limited to. Further, in the selection of the material of the substrate 22, for example, when the hollow tube body 10 is used as an exhaust pipe in a combustion apparatus such as an electric furnace or a boiler apparatus, a durable temperature is taken into consideration, and such a material is also included in the present invention. included.

  In order to allow sufficient light to enter the photoelectric conversion layer 25, at least one of the positive electrode 23 and the negative electrode 26 is transparent to visible light. A known material may be used as a material that is transparent to visible light, and is appropriately selected and used as a material for the positive electrode 23 and the negative electrode 26. Specific examples of materials that are transparent to visible light include tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), and gallium-doped zinc oxide. A conductive metal oxide such as (GZO) is an example, but is not limited thereto.

  The hole transport layer 24 enables the charges generated in the photoelectric conversion layer 25 to be taken out more efficiently. Examples of the material constituting the hole transport layer include, for example, aromatic cyclic acid anhydrides typified by NTCDA for low molecular compounds, and poly (3,4-ethylene for high molecular compounds. Examples of known conductive polymers represented by dioxy) thiophene are not limited thereto.

  The photoelectric conversion layer 25 contains a p-type organic semiconductor material and an n-type semiconductor material. In the photoelectric conversion layer 25, the p-type organic semiconductor material and the n-type semiconductor material may form a planar junction interface or a three-dimensionally mixed bulk heterojunction. Examples of the p-type organic semiconductor include, but are not limited to, polymer materials such as polythiophene compounds, polyphenylene vinylene compounds, polyfluorene compounds, and polyphenylene compounds, and low-molecular materials such as various porphyrins and phthalocyanines. Examples of the n-type organic semiconductor include fullerene and fullerene derivatives, but are not limited thereto. Further, as the n-type semiconductor, not only an organic semiconductor but also an oxide semiconductor may be used. For example, inorganic compound particles such as zinc oxide and titanium oxide are exemplified, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  In addition, the above photoelectric conversion element is an example, and if it can be formed on a flexible flexible sheet-like substrate, all known photoelectric conversion elements are also included in the present invention.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the thermoelectric conversion element formed on the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the thermoelectric conversion element 31. As a configuration of the thermoelectric conversion element 31 formed on the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 in the embodiment of the present invention, a thermoelectric conversion layer 33, an electrode 34a, and an electrode 34b are sequentially provided on a substrate 32 as shown in FIG. An example of such a configuration is given.

  As an example of the thermoelectric conversion layer 33, a mode in which a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor are joined as shown in FIG. A p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor are joined and electrically connected to an external load (not shown) through the electrodes 34a and 34b. Then, the temperature of the joining portion 33a is raised and the temperature of the electrodes 34a and 34b is lowered. Thereby, there is a temperature difference between the junction 33a and the electrodes 34a and 34b, and an electromotive force is generated between the electrodes 34a and 34b due to the temperature difference, and the thermoelectric conversion element 31 generates power.

  As the p-type semiconductor and the n-type semiconductor, any semiconductor material that can be used as a thermoelectric conversion material can be used. Can be used. Examples of inorganic materials include BiTe materials and PbTe materials, but are not limited thereto. The electrode 34a and the electrode 34b may be formed of a material having sufficient conductivity so as to function as an electrode. Examples of the material include aluminum, silver, platinum, and copper. It is not limited.

  Further, as another thermoelectric conversion element 35 formed on the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 in the embodiment of the present invention, a carrier transport layer 37 and a carrier generation layer 38 on a substrate 36 as shown in FIG. A configuration in which the electrode 39a and the electrode 39b are sequentially provided is also an example.

  It is assumed that the carrier transport layer 37 is composed of an intrinsic organic semiconductor material having a high carrier mobility. Examples of the intrinsic organic semiconductor material include pentacene or a derivative thereof, anthracene or a derivative thereof, tetracene or a derivative thereof, pentacene derivative, rubrene or a derivative thereof, fullerene or a derivative thereof, graphene or a derivative thereof, picene or a derivative thereof, polythiophene or a derivative thereof Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, derivatives, polyaniline or derivatives thereof, polyacetylene or derivatives thereof, polydiacetylene or derivatives thereof, and the like.

  The carrier generation layer 38 supplies predetermined carriers to the carrier transport layer 37. As a material constituting the carrier generation layer 38, for example, dichlorodicyanobenzoquinone (DDQ), molybdenum trioxide (MoO3), tungsten trioxide (WO3) is used as an acceptor type material, and dibenzotetrathiafulvalene (WO3) is used as a donor type material. DB-TTF), bisethylenedithiotetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF), metal complexes of biscyclopentadienyl or derivatives thereof, acridine orange base (AOB), cesium carbonate (CsCO3), lithium fluoride (LiF) are examples. However, it is not limited to this.

  The electrode 39a and the electrode 39b may be formed of a material having sufficient conductivity so as to function as an electrode. Examples of the material include aluminum, silver, platinum, and copper. It is not limited.

  The thermoelectric conversion elements described above are merely examples, and all known thermoelectric conversion elements are also included in the present invention as long as they can be formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate having flexibility.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a power generation device 200 including the hollow tube 100 in the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, only two photoelectric conversion elements and two thermoelectric conversion elements are arranged in the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30, respectively, but this is an example, and the photoelectric conversion sheet 20, The number, area, and the like of the photoelectric conversion elements and thermoelectric conversion elements formed on the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 are design matters, and are determined from various factors as appropriate.

  The power generation device 200 includes a hollow tube 100 and an output circuit 110. As described in FIG. 1, the hollow tube 100 includes the hollow tube main body 10, at least one photoelectric conversion sheet 20, and at least one thermoelectric conversion sheet 30.

  In FIG. 4, a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 21 are formed on each photoelectric conversion sheet 20 so as to be connected in series. The photoelectric conversion sheet 20 may be formed such that a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 21 are connected in parallel, or the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 21 are connected in series and in parallel. It may be formed as such. In consideration of various factors such as the required power level, the connection mode (circuit design) of the photoelectric conversion element 21 on the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 is determined.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable to connect a bypass diode 61 in parallel to each photoelectric conversion element 21. This is because the bypass diode 61 bypasses the current when light does not strike the photoelectric conversion element 21 or when a failure occurs in the photoelectric conversion element 21.

  Moreover, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of photoelectric conversion sheets 20 may be arranged along the hollow tube main body 10 and connected in series. In addition to the configuration in which a plurality of photoelectric conversion sheets 20 are connected to increase the area of the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 as shown in FIG. 4, a large number of photoelectric conversion elements 21 are formed on one photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and realized. Also good. This is a matter of design matters on how to design the photoelectric conversion sheet 20, and the present invention includes all such design matters. And it is preferable to provide the backflow prevention diode 62 in the final output of the photoelectric conversion sheet 20.

  In FIG. 4, a plurality of thermoelectric conversion elements 31 are formed on each thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 so as to be connected in series. The thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 may be formed such that a plurality of thermoelectric conversion elements 31 are connected in parallel, or the plurality of thermoelectric conversion elements 31 are connected in series and in parallel. It may be formed as such. The connection mode (circuit design) of the thermoelectric conversion element 31 on the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 is determined in consideration of various factors such as the required power level.

  Moreover, it is preferable to connect the bypass diode 63 to each thermoelectric conversion element 31 in parallel. This is because the bypass diode 63 bypasses the current when a malfunction occurs in the thermoelectric conversion element 31.

  Moreover, the thermoelectric conversion sheet | seat 30 may be arrange | positioned along the hollow tube main body 10 as shown in FIG. 4, for example, and you may make it connect each in series. In addition to the configuration in which a plurality of thermoelectric conversion sheets 30 are connected to increase the area of the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 as shown in FIG. Also good. This is a matter of design matters on how to design the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30, and the present invention includes all such design matters. And it is preferable to provide the backflow prevention diode 64 in the final output of the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30.

  The photoelectric conversion circuit comprised of the plurality of photoelectric conversion sheets 20 and the thermoelectric conversion circuit comprised of the plurality of thermoelectric conversion sheets 30 are connected in parallel as shown in FIG. 4, for example. In some cases, the photoelectric conversion circuit and the thermoelectric conversion circuit may be connected in series. Further, the photoelectric conversion circuit and the thermoelectric conversion circuit may not be electrically connected. That is, the electrical connection between the photoelectric conversion circuit and the thermoelectric conversion circuit is a problem in circuit design, and various modes are assumed, and all such modes are included in the present invention.

  The electric power generated by the photoelectric conversion circuit and the thermoelectric conversion circuit is supplied to the output circuit 110. The output circuit 110 outputs the electric power generated by the photoelectric conversion circuit and the thermoelectric conversion circuit to the outside. In other words, the output circuit 110 performs predetermined processing on the power supplied from the photoelectric conversion circuit and the thermoelectric conversion circuit and supplies the predetermined power to the external load. Examples of the predetermined process include boosting or performing DC-AC conversion, but the present invention is not limited to this, and various other processes may be included. That is, the output circuit 110 may be a mode of only a booster circuit, may include a booster circuit and an inverter circuit, or may be other circuits, and various modes of the output circuit 110 are assumed. All such embodiments are included in the present invention.

  Moreover, although the electric power produced | generated by the photoelectric conversion circuit and the thermoelectric conversion circuit was shown in FIG.1 (c), you may comprise so that it may be supplied to each separate output circuit (not shown in FIG. 4). Good. Furthermore, various circuit configurations are assumed for the plurality of output circuits, the plurality of photoelectric conversion sheets 20, and the plurality of thermoelectric conversion sheets 30, and such circuit configurations are also included in the present invention.

  In addition, the connection aspect (circuit design) between the photoelectric conversion elements 21 in the photoelectric conversion sheet 20, the connection aspect (circuit design) between the thermoelectric conversion elements 31 in the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30, and the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 and the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30. Is determined in consideration of various factors such as a desired amount of electric power, a sunshine duration, and a mode of temperature change of the hollow tube main body 10 throughout the day. All aspects determined in consideration of the above are included in the present invention.

  Next, examples of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples of the present invention. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples.

<Example 1>
In Example 1, the photoelectric conversion element in the photoelectric conversion sheet 20 was produced as follows. First, a PEN film on which ITO having a thickness of about 150 nm was patterned was washed with an organic solvent, an alkaline detergent, and ultrapure water and dried. And the UV ozone cleaner (UV-O3) process was given to the said PEN film using UV ozone cleaner UV253E by Filgen.

  Next, Poly (3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) purchased from SIGMAS ALDRICH, and Titanium (IV) isopropoxide 97% purchased from SIGMAS ALDRICH, respectively, were added in an amount of 0. It added so that it might become 5 weight% and 1.0 weight%, and the coating solution for producing a power generation layer (photoelectric converting layer) on a PEN film was produced. A stirrer chip was introduced into the coating solution, and stirring and mixing were performed at a rotation speed of 600 rpm. The stirring and mixing was performed on a hot stirrer with a temperature variable function, and the set temperature was 80 ° C. Then, after spin-coating the coating solution on the PEN film, drying was performed to form a power generation layer on the PEN film. The film thickness of the power generation layer was 90 nm. DektakXT-E manufactured by ULVAC, Inc. was used for the measurement of the film thickness.

Next, CLEVIOS (registered trademark) SV3 purchased from Heraeus was applied onto the PEN film with a bar coater and dried to form an electrode. And the sealing process was given by adhere | attaching a PEN film using an epoxy resin (rapid hardening type Araldite) as a sealing material, and the photoelectric conversion element was obtained. The power generation area of this photoelectric conversion element was 5 mm × 20 mm. The photoelectric conversion element was affixed to an aluminum hollow tube using an epoxy resin (rapid curing type Araldite) through an inorganic filler (product number HJ-112) manufactured by Cemedine Co., Ltd. The photoelectric conversion element was irradiated with constant light using a solar simulator (Minaga Electric Manufacturing Co., Ltd., trade name: XES-40S1, irradiance 100 mW / cm ² ), and the generated voltage was measured. The generated voltage was 270 mV.

  Moreover, in Example 1, the thermoelectric conversion element and module in the thermoelectric conversion sheet 30 were produced as follows. First, the PEN film was washed with an organic solvent, an alkaline detergent, and ultrapure water and dried. And the UV ozone cleaner (UV-O3) process was given to the said PEN film using UV ozone cleaner UV253E by Filgen.

  The power generation layer of the thermoelectric conversion element of Example 1 was produced by mixing the following composition 1 and composition 2 at a weight ratio of 1: 1. The composition 1 was prepared by adding 0.17 g of Polystyrene (ALWICH, average MW to 280,000 By GBC) to 0.5 g of toluene, and 0.02 g of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes from Elicarb, It is the composition which heat-stirred by. Composition 2 is a composition obtained by adding 0.025 g of P3HT to 0.5 g of chlorobenzene and heating and stirring at 80 ° C.

  Thereafter, a power generation layer of 5 mm × 20 mm was prepared on the PEN film using a squeegee method, and a 4-series thermoelectric conversion module was prepared using a silver paste. And the sealing process was given by adhere | attaching a PEN film using an epoxy resin (rapid hardening type Araldite) as a sealing material, and the thermoelectric conversion module was obtained.

  In order to give a temperature difference of 150 ° C. in the horizontal direction to this thermoelectric conversion module, the hot source is a hot stirrer REXIM RSH-1DN manufactured by ASONE, a metal lab jack is used for the low temperature source, and a multimeter MAS830L manufactured by MASTTECH is used. The generated voltage was measured. The generated voltage was 9.2 mV. Five 4-series thermoelectric conversion modules produced in the same manner using an alligator clip were connected in series. This module was attached to an aluminum hollow tube using a copper foil with an epoxy resin (rapid curing type Araldite). A part of the module was heated with a heat gun, and the generated voltage was measured using a multimeter MAS830L manufactured by MASTECH. The generated voltage of the thermoelectric conversion module of Example 1 was 31 mV. Therefore, the total of the generated voltage of the photoelectric conversion element of Example 1 and the thermoelectric conversion module was 301 mV (270 mV + 31 mV).

<Example 2>
In Example 2, the composition 1 and the composition 2 were not used for the power generation layer of the 4-series thermoelectric conversion module, but only CLEVIOS (registered trademark) SV3 manufactured by Heraeus was used. Other than that including the photoelectric conversion element is the same as in the first embodiment. As a result of measuring the power generation voltage of the thermoelectric conversion module as in Example 1, the power generation voltage of the thermoelectric conversion module of Example 2 was 22 mV. Therefore, the sum of the power generation voltages of the photoelectric conversion element and the thermoelectric conversion module of Example 2 was 292 mV (270 mV + 22 mV).

<Comparison>
With only the photoelectric conversion element of Example 1, the generated voltage was 270 mV. If the thermoelectric conversion module of Example 1 is added thereto, a further generated voltage of 31 mV is obtained, and a generated voltage of 301 mV is obtained in total. In the case of the thermoelectric conversion module of Example 2, a further generated voltage of 22 mV is obtained, and a total generated voltage of 292 mV is obtained. From the above, it has been clarified that if a photoelectric conversion element and a thermoelectric conversion module are used together, a larger generated voltage can be obtained. If the hollow tube of the present invention is used outdoors as an exhaust pipe for high-temperature gas, high-temperature fluid, etc. in facilities such as factories and plants, the hollow tube receives a lot of light energy and heat energy. The hollow tube of the present invention has an excellent effect that a large output voltage can be generated without wasting energy.

  The embodiment of the present invention shows an example for embodying the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. . For example, a power generation system using the hollow tube of the present invention, a production facility using the hollow tube of the present invention as an exhaust pipe for hot gas or fluid (arranged outdoors), and all facilities such as buildings It is included in the scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hollow tube main body 20 Photoelectric conversion sheet 21 Photoelectric conversion element 22, 32, 36 Substrate 23 Positive electrode 24 Hole transport layer 25 Photoelectric conversion layer 26 Negative electrode 30 Thermoelectric conversion sheet 31, 35 Thermoelectric conversion element 33 Thermoelectric conversion layer 33a Bonding part 34a , 39a Electrode 34b, 39b Electrode 37 Carrier transport layer 38 Carrier generation layer 40 Heat insulating material 50, 51, 52 Output circuit 61, 63 Bypass diode 62, 64 Backflow prevention diode 100 Hollow tube 110 Output circuit 200 Power generation device

Claims (6)

At least one photoelectric conversion sheet in which at least one photoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate;
At least one thermoelectric conversion sheet in which at least one thermoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate;
A hollow tube body for flowing a fluid that gives thermal energy to the thermoelectric conversion element;
Comprising
The thermoelectric conversion sheet covers at least a part of the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body when viewed in cross section of the hollow tube main body, and is disposed at a position where the thermal energy of the fluid can be received. Attached to the hollow tube body;
The photoelectric conversion sheet is attached to the hollow tube body so as to cover at least a part of the outer periphery of the hollow tube body when the cross section of the hollow tube body is viewed ,
The photoelectric conversion sheet and the thermoelectric conversion sheet are attached so as not to overlap each other on the same outer periphery when the cross section of the hollow tube main body is viewed .
Hollow tube. The said photoelectric conversion sheet and the said thermoelectric conversion sheet were attached to the outer periphery of the said hollow tube main body through the heat insulating material or the heat radiating material, The hollow tube of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. At least one output circuit that outputs the electric power generated by the photoelectric conversion circuit configured by at least one of the photoelectric conversion sheets and the electric power generated by the thermoelectric conversion circuit configured by at least one of the thermoelectric conversion sheets to the outside The hollow tube according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: At least one photoelectric conversion sheet in which at least one photoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate;
At least one thermoelectric conversion sheet in which at least one thermoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate;
A hollow tube body for flowing a fluid that gives thermal energy to the thermoelectric conversion element;
The photoelectric conversion sheet, and at least one output circuit that outputs the electric power generated by the thermoelectric conversion sheet to the outside,
The thermoelectric conversion sheet covers at least a part of the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body when viewed in cross section of the hollow tube main body, and is disposed at a position where the thermal energy of the fluid can be received. Attached to the hollow tube body;
The photoelectric conversion sheet is attached to the hollow tube body so as to cover at least a part of the outer periphery of the hollow tube body when the cross section of the hollow tube body is viewed ,
The photoelectric conversion sheet and the thermoelectric conversion sheet are attached so as not to overlap each other on the same outer periphery when the cross section of the hollow tube main body is viewed .
Power generation device. A power generator attached to a hollow tube body as an exhaust pipe of a combustion device,
At least one photoelectric conversion sheet in which at least one photoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate;
At least one thermoelectric conversion sheet in which at least one thermoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate;
The photoelectric conversion sheet, and at least one output circuit that outputs the electric power generated by the thermoelectric conversion sheet to the outside,
The thermoelectric conversion sheet covers at least a part of the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body when the cross section of the hollow tube main body is viewed, and is disposed at a position where the thermal energy generated by the combustion of the combustion device can be received. Attached to the hollow tube body as
The photoelectric conversion sheet is attached to the hollow tube body so as to cover at least a part of the outer periphery of the hollow tube body when the cross section of the hollow tube body is viewed ,
The photoelectric conversion sheet and the thermoelectric conversion sheet are attached so as not to overlap each other on the same outer periphery when the cross section of the hollow tube main body is viewed .
Power generation device. A power generation device attached to a hollow tube body for flowing a fluid having thermal energy therein,
At least one photoelectric conversion sheet in which at least one photoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate;
At least one thermoelectric conversion sheet in which at least one thermoelectric conversion element is formed on a flexible sheet-like substrate;
The photoelectric conversion sheet, and at least one output circuit that outputs the electric power generated by the thermoelectric conversion sheet to the outside,
The thermoelectric conversion sheet covers at least a part of the outer periphery of the hollow tube main body when viewed in cross section of the hollow tube main body, and is disposed at a position where the thermal energy of the fluid can be received. Attached to the hollow tube body;
The photoelectric conversion sheet is attached to the hollow tube body so as to cover at least a part of the outer periphery of the hollow tube body when the cross section of the hollow tube body is viewed ,
The photoelectric conversion sheet and the thermoelectric conversion sheet are attached so as not to overlap each other on the same outer periphery when the cross section of the hollow tube main body is viewed .
Power generation device.

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