WO2020118783A1 - Two-side unloading hopper car - Google Patents

Abstract

A two-side unloading hopper car, comprising a car body, an unloading system, a braking device, a coupler buffering device, and a bogie, wherein the cross section of a car body compartment is W-shaped; the middle part of a car body underframe (5) has the structure of a triangular ridge back plate (10) that is provided along a longitudinal central axis and higher than two sides; side walls comprise fixed side walls (7) at upper parts, and openable and closable side doors (8) that are at lower parts and hingedly connected with the fixed side walls (7); the ridge back plate (10) and the side doors (8) of the car body underframe (5) constitute hopper-shaped unloading structures at the two sides of the car body; the unloading system comprises an openable and closable mechanism (1); the openable and closable mechanism (1) comprises a worm transmission mechanism and a crank linkage mechanism; the openable and closable mechanism (1) of the unloading system is further provided with a secondary stopping device (3). The unloading system has a large transmission ratio, unloading is performed by means of gravity, two side doors at one end are opened at one time, the opening degree of the side door is large, and the unloading efficiency is high; the unloading system has a dual self-locking function, and achieves the self-locking function by means of the self-locking characteristic of a worm and a gear, and the stopping device.

Description

Unloading hopper car on both sides Technical field

The invention relates to a railway transportation vehicle, especially a railway hopper car, which belongs to the technical field of railway freight car manufacturing, and in particular relates to a double self-locking function, capable of unloading goods on both sides of the track, loading and unloading, using The worm gear mechanism with large transmission ratio manually opens the side-open doorless hopper car.

Background technique

The existing hopper cars for railway freight transportation are generally unloaded in the middle or both sides. For example, the KZ70 series stone ballast hopper car is unloaded on both sides, or both sides and the middle part are unloaded to complete the unloading, and the KM70 series coal hopper car is unloaded on both sides, L70 The series of grain hopper trucks are for unloading in the middle. One or both sides of the track unloading hopper trucks are not only suitable for unloading facilities with pits on one side of the track, but also unloading facilities with pits on both sides of the track.

However, the above hopper trucks often fail to fully unload automatically due to the dead angle of the frame design; at the same time, the door opening and closing mechanism is complicated, the operation is inconvenient, and the transmission efficiency of the unloading system is low, which cannot meet the needs in actual operation; existing doors The single-stage locking mechanism is used for the locking of the opening and closing mechanism, which is easy to fail due to misoperation and unexpected operation. Therefore, a more secure locking system with multiple locking functions is needed.

Summary of the invention

According to the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention discloses a two-side unloading hopper car. The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a two-sided unloading hopper car that can unload the goods more efficiently and lock more safely and reliably.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The unloading hopper car on both sides, including the car body, unloading system, braking device, coupler buffer device and bogie, is characterized by:

The cross section of the car body is a W shape, the middle of the car body underframe is a triangular spine structure that is arranged along the longitudinal center axis above both sides, and the side wall includes an upper fixed side wall and a lower part hinged with the fixed side wall Side doors that can be opened and closed, the spine of the chassis of the car body and the side doors form a funnel-shaped unloading structure on both sides of the car body;

The unloading system includes an opening and closing mechanism, and the opening and closing mechanism includes a worm transmission mechanism and a crank connecting rod mechanism; the worm transmission mechanism includes: a rotating handwheel, a conversion gear set driven by the rotating handwheel and sequentially driven, a transmission rod, and a helical gear Group, worm gear composition and worm gear shaft, the worm gear shaft is positioned on the body of the hopper car through the bracket; the crank connecting rod mechanism is a two-connecting crank connecting rod mechanism with a moving dead point, and the end of the first connecting arm of the crank connecting rod mechanism The part is hinged with the lower end of the side door, and the end of the second connecting arm is vertically driven and connected with the worm gear shaft.

The opening and closing mechanism of the unloading system is also provided with a two-stage stop device. The second-stage stop device includes: a rotation-preventing ratchet fixed coaxially with the transmission rod. The rotation-preventing ratchet has a helical tooth composed of a ratchet and a lever Matching realizes braking. The lever assembly is hingedly fixed under the frame pedal through a lever bracket. One end of the lever assembly is connected to a foot lever provided on the surface of the frame pedal, and the other end is provided with a spring for lever return.

The side doors are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the vehicle body, and at least two sets of independently opened and closed side doors are arranged on each side; a set of symmetrically arranged side doors is driven to open and close by the same unloading system.

The transmission rod of the worm transmission mechanism drives the worm gear composed of the two ends arranged in parallel at the two ends through a helical gear set and drives a pair of symmetrically arranged side doors to open and close.

At least three sets of crank connecting rod drive side doors are arranged at intervals on each worm wheel shaft.

The length of the first connecting arm hinged to the lower end of the side door is longer than the length of the second connecting arm vertically driven to the worm gear shaft, and the first connecting arm is arc-shaped. When the side is closed, the first connecting arm is hinged to the lower end of the side door The three points of the connection position, the connection position of the second connection arm and the worm gear shaft, and the articulation position of the first connection arm and the second connection arm are on a straight line.

The triangular spine board is arranged on the vehicle body center beam along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and is supported and fixed by the triangular spine beam; the bottom surface of the vehicle body underframe is composed of end beams, middle beams, small beams, pillow beams, large beams, and a central beam. , Side beams, spine beams and longitudinal beams form a grid support structure.

The invention has a double self-locking function on both sides of the track unloading hopper car, including a car body, an unloading system, a brake device, a coupler buffer device and a bogie, the car body includes a bottom frame, an end wall, a side wall, a side door, a car The body has a W-shaped cross section. After the car body opens the side door, the cargo is discharged from both sides of the car body.

The unloading system adopts a worm transmission mechanism with a large transmission ratio, which is convenient to operate, labor-saving and safe. Manually open the door, gravity unload, open one side and two side doors at a time, the side door has a large opening degree, and the unloading efficiency is high.

The chassis of the present invention includes end beams, middle beams, small beams, bolster beams, large beams, central beams, side beams, spine beams, longitudinal beams, and spine plates; small beams, bolster beams, large beams, and central beams are arranged in parallel; The spine beam and each beam form a triangular structure, arranged in parallel, which increases the rigidity of the vehicle. The angle between the spine board and the horizontal is 45°-50°.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The unloading system adopts a worm transmission mechanism with a large transmission ratio, which is easy to operate, labor-saving and safe. Manually open the door, gravity unload, open one side and two side doors at a time, the side door has a large opening degree, and the unloading efficiency is high.

2. The main cross-section of the car body is a W shape. After opening the side door, the cargo can be discharged from both sides of the car body.

3. The stop device is located at the foot pedal, which can realize the function of the stop device by stepping on the foot lever while operating the handwheel. The operation is simple and convenient. The unloading system uses the self-locking characteristics of the worm gear and the stop device To realize the self-locking function of the system.

4. The spine beam and each beam form a triangular structure, arranged in parallel, which increases the rigidity of the vehicle.

5. The grid beam structure reduces the free area of the spine board. The spine board is made of high-strength weathering steel and sprayed with wear-resistant paint, which improves the local bearing capacity of the spine board when shipping ore, and avoids local pits caused by ore shipment. Helps to extend the life of the spine board.

6. The crank connecting rod mechanism of the two-connected crank of the present invention can minimize the torque of the worm gear shaft to rotate, and cooperate with the stop device to further enhance the safety locking performance of the opening and closing mechanism, and realize a safer double locking .

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the hopper car of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the hopper car of the present invention, that is, the schematic diagram of the AA plane in FIG. 1;

3 is a schematic view of the open state of the cross-sectional structure of the hopper car frame of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural view of the unloading drive system of the hopper car of the present invention;

5 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the unloading drive system of the hopper car of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural view of the stop device of the unloading drive system of the hopper car of the present invention;

7 is a schematic view of the structure of the hopper car chassis of the present invention;

8 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the hopper car chassis of the present invention.

In the picture, 1 is the opening and closing mechanism, 2 is the braking device, 3 is the stop device, 4 is the bogie, 5 is the underframe, 6 is the end wall, 7 is the fixed side wall, 8 is the side door, 9 is the coupler buffer Device, 10 is the back plate, 1.1 is the rotating handwheel, 1.2 is the conversion gear set, 1.3 is the transmission rod, 1.4 is the worm, 1.5 is the helical gear set, 1.6 is the worm gear shaft, 1.7 is the first connecting arm, 1.8 is the bracket Frame, 1.9 is the second connecting arm, 3.1 is the foot lever, 3.2 is the anti-rotation ratchet, 3.3 is the lever bracket, 3.4 is the lever composition, 3.5 is the spring, 3.6 is the frame pedal, 3.7 is the pedal bracket, 5.1 is The end beam, 5.2 is the middle beam, 5.3 is the small beam, 5.4 is the bolster beam, 5.5 is the large beam, 5.6 is the central beam, 5.7 is the side beam, 5.8 is the spine beam, and 5.9 is the longitudinal beam.

detailed description

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The specific embodiments are further descriptions of the principles of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any way. The same or similar technologies as the present invention do not exceed the scope of the present invention.

Combined with the drawings.

As shown in the figure, the hopper car of the present invention includes a car body, an unloading system, a brake device, a coupler buffer device, and a bogie.

The cross section of the car body is a W shape. The middle of the car body underframe 5 is a triangular spine 10 structure that is arranged along the longitudinal center axis and is higher than both sides. The side wall includes an upper fixed side wall 7 and a lower and fixed side wall 7. The hinged side door 8 is hinged, the spine 10 of the chassis 5 and the side door 8 form a funnel-shaped unloading structure on both sides of the car body;

The unloading system includes an opening and closing mechanism 1. The opening and closing mechanism 1 includes a worm transmission mechanism and a crank connecting rod mechanism; the worm transmission mechanism includes: a rotating hand wheel 1.1, a conversion gear set 1.2 driven by the rotating hand wheel 1.1 and sequentially driven, a transmission rod 1.3, Helical gear set 1.5, worm gear composition 1.4 and worm gear shaft 1.6, the worm gear shaft 1.6 is positioned and arranged on the body of the hopper car through the bracket 1.8; the crank connecting rod mechanism is a two-connected crank connecting rod mechanism with a motion dead point, the crank connecting rod mechanism The end of the first connection arm 1.7 is hinged to the lower end of the side door 8, and the end of the second connection arm 1.9 is vertically driven to the worm gear shaft 1.6.

The opening and closing mechanism 1 of the unloading system is also provided with a two-stage stop device 3. The two-stage stop device 3 includes: a rotation-preventing ratchet 3.2 coaxially fixed with the transmission rod 1.3. The rotation-preventing ratchet 3.2 has a ratchet and a lever 3.4 The helical gears match to achieve braking. The lever assembly 3.4 is hingedly fixed under the frame pedal 3.6 through the lever bracket 3.3. One end of the lever assembly 3.4 is connected to the foot pedal 3.1 provided on the surface of the frame pedal 3.6. The other end is provided with a lever The return spring 3.5.

The side doors 8 of the present invention are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the vehicle body, and at least two sets of independently openable and closed side doors 8 are arranged on each side; a set of symmetrically arranged side doors 8 are driven and opened by the same unloading system.

The transmission rod 1.3 of the worm transmission mechanism of the present invention drives the worm gear assembly 1.4 and the worm gear shaft 1.6 that are arranged in parallel at both ends through a helical gear set 1.5 and drives a symmetrically arranged pair of side doors 8 to open and close. In this example, three sets of crank connecting rod mechanisms are arranged at intervals on each worm gear shaft 1.6 to drive the side door 8 to open and close.

The length of the first connecting arm 1.7 hinged to the lower end of the side door 8 is longer than the length of the second connecting arm 1.8 vertically driven to the worm gear shaft 1.6, and the first connecting arm 1.7 is arc-shaped. When the side 8 is closed, the first connecting arm The three points of the hinge position of 1.7 and the lower end of the side door 8, the connection position of the second connection arm 1.9 and the worm wheel shaft 1.6, and the hinge position of the first connection arm 1.7 and the second connection arm 1.9 are in a straight line.

The triangular spine 10 is arranged on the vehicle body mid-beam 5.2 along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and is supported and fixed by the triangular spine beam 5.8; the bottom surface of the vehicle body underframe 5 is composed of the end beam 5.1, the middle beam 5.2, the small cross beam 5.3, and the pillow beam 5.4 , Large beam 5.5, central beam 5.6, side beam 5.7, spine beam 5.8 and longitudinal beam 5.9 constitute the grid support structure.

The angle between the spine board 10 and the horizontal plane is 45°-50°.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in this example, the side doors 8 of the hopper car are symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and each group of symmetrically arranged side doors 8 is provided with an independent opening and closing mechanism 1 and a stop device 3.

As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the conversion gear set 1.2 and the helical gear set 1.5 adopt the straight tooth bevel gear with the transmission ratio of 1 to complete the direction conversion, and the first-stage conversion gear set 1.2 will rotate the hand wheel 1.1 around the shaft torque It is converted into a torque about the rotation of the transmission rod 1.3 in the vertical direction, and then the second-stage helical gear set 1.5 is used to convert the rotation torque in the vertical direction into a torque about the horizontal rotation, and the worm gear is used to form a 1.4 transmission to drive the worm gear shaft 1.6 to rotate.

As shown in Figure 5, the worm group driven by the helical gear set 1.5 uses left-handed and right-handed settings to drive the worm gear shaft 1.6 to rotate, and the force transmission is achieved through a large transmission ratio, which saves operation. Due to the characteristics of the worm gear composed of 1.4, the opening and closing During the system opening process, there will be no tendency to automatically close due to loosening the handwheel 1.1, and the operation is safe.

As shown in FIG. 5, the stop foot lever 3.1 of the stop device 3 is located on the frame pedal 3.6, and the foot lever 3.1 is stepped on before turning the handwheel 1.1 to make the helical tooth of one end of the lever form 3.4 leave the ratchet of the stop ratchet 3.2 Teeth, at this time, rotating the handwheel 1.1 can drive; release the foot lever 3.1, the lever composition 3.4 returns to the original position through the action of the spring 3.5, the locking ratchet 3.2 is locked, and the rotating handwheel 3.1 cannot rotate; when the spring 3.5 fails At the time, the lever makes up 3.4 left and right, and returns to the original position by its own gravity, so that the locking ratchet 3.2 is locked; the frame pedal 3.6 is fixed to the body of the hopper car through the pedal bracket 3.7, and the locking ratchet 3.2 is The transmission rod 1.3 is coaxially fixed at a position below the frame pedal 3.6 and above the helical gear set 1.5, not shown in the figure.

As shown in FIG. 4, the length of the first connecting arm 1.7 hinged to the lower end of the side door 8 is longer than the length of the second connecting arm 1.9 vertically driven to the worm gear shaft 1.6, and the first connecting arm 1.7 is arc-shaped, and the side 8 is closed At this time, the three connecting points of the first connecting arm 1.7 and the lower end of the side door 8 are hinged, the second connecting arm 1.9 and the worm gear shaft 1.6 are connected, and the first connecting arm 1.7 and the second connecting arm 1.9 are hinged. This structure reduces the torque of the worm gear shaft 1.6 rotating to the maximum extent, and cooperates with the stop device 3 to further enhance the safety locking performance of the opening and closing mechanism 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 7, the side door 8 is provided with two sets of independently opened and closed side doors 8 along each side of the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. Each group of side doors 8 is driven by an unloading system to open and close. The upper end surface of the side door 8 is hinged with the fixed side wall 7. The spine board 10 is arranged on the vehicle body mid-beam 5.2 along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and is supported and fixed by the triangular spine beam 5.8.

The bottom surface of the vehicle body underframe 5 is composed of end beams 5.1, middle beams 5.2, small beams 5.3, bolster beams 5.4, large beams 5.5, central beams 5.6, side beams 5.7, back beams 5.8 and longitudinal beams 5.9 to form a grid support structure. As shown in the figure, the end beams 5.1, small beams 5.3, bolster beams 5.4, large beams 5.5, and center beams 5.6 of the underframe are arranged in parallel along the lateral direction of the vehicle body; the center beam 5.2, longitudinal beams 5.9, and side members 5.7 are arranged longitudinally along the vehicle body ; The back beam 5.8 and each beam form a triangular structure. The grid beam structure of the present invention shortens the distance between the beam and the beam, thereby reducing the free area of the spine plate 3, and further increasing the strength of the vehicle body and the spine plate 10.

The above is the best mode of the present invention/invention. For designers in the design field, the principles of the present invention may be used for name modification, installation position exchange, material improvement, structural shape optimization and other forms of retouching. Retouching and optimization are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A double-side unloading hopper car includes a car body, an unloading system, a braking device, a coupler buffer device and a bogie, which is characterized by:

   The cross section of the car body is a W shape, the middle of the car body underframe is a triangular spine structure that is arranged along the longitudinal center axis above both sides, and the side wall includes an upper fixed side wall and a lower part hinged with the fixed side wall Side doors that can be opened and closed, the spine of the chassis of the car body and the side doors form a funnel-shaped unloading structure on both sides of the car body;

   The unloading system includes an opening and closing mechanism, and the opening and closing mechanism includes a worm transmission mechanism and a crank connecting rod mechanism; the worm transmission mechanism includes: a rotating handwheel, a conversion gear set driven by the rotating handwheel and sequentially driven, a transmission rod, and a helical gear Group, worm gear composition and worm gear shaft, the worm gear shaft is positioned on the body of the hopper car through the bracket; the crank connecting rod mechanism is a two-connecting crank connecting rod mechanism with a moving dead point, and the end of the first connecting arm of the crank connecting rod mechanism The part is hinged with the lower end of the side door, and the end of the second connecting arm is vertically driven and connected with the worm gear shaft.
2. The two-sided unloading hopper car according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening and closing mechanism of the unloading system is further provided with a two-stage stop device, and the second-stage stop device comprises: a coaxial fixed with the transmission rod The anti-rotation ratchet, which has ratchet teeth and helical teeth on the lever assembly to achieve braking, the lever assembly is hingedly fixed under the frame pedal through the lever bracket, one end of the lever assembly and the foot pedal provided on the surface of the frame pedal The connection and the other end are provided with springs for lever return.
3. The two-sided unloading hopper car according to claim 2, characterized in that: the side doors are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the vehicle body, and at least two sets of independently opened and closed side doors are arranged on each side; a set of symmetrically arranged side doors is composed of the same unloading system Drive opening and closing.
4. The two-side unloading hopper car according to claim 3, characterized in that: the transmission rod of the worm transmission mechanism drives a worm gear composed at two ends in parallel with the worm gear set and the worm gear shaft and drives a pair of symmetrically arranged side doors to open close.
5. The two-side unloading hopper car according to claim 3, characterized in that at least three sets of crank connecting rod mechanisms are arranged on each worm wheel shaft to drive the side door.
6. The two-side unloading hopper car according to claim 3, characterized in that the length of the first connecting arm hinged to the lower end of the side door is greater than the length of the second connecting arm drivingly connected to the worm wheel shaft, and the first connecting arm is an arc When the side is closed, the first connection arm is hinged to the lower end of the side door, the second connection arm to the worm wheel shaft, and the first connection arm to the second connection arm are on a straight line.
7. The two-sided unloading hopper car according to claim 3, characterized in that: the triangular spine plate is arranged on the car body mid-beam along the longitudinal direction of the car body, and is supported and fixed by the triangular spine beam; the bottom surface of the car body underframe is formed by End beams, middle beams, small beams, bolster beams, large beams, central beams, side beams, spine beams and longitudinal beams form a grid support structure.
8. The two-side unloading hopper car according to claim 3, wherein the angle between the spine board and the horizontal plane is 45°-50°.

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