CN101480956B - Van and bottom door device thereof - Google Patents
Van and bottom door device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101480956B CN101480956B CN2009100072174A CN200910007217A CN101480956B CN 101480956 B CN101480956 B CN 101480956B CN 2009100072174 A CN2009100072174 A CN 2009100072174A CN 200910007217 A CN200910007217 A CN 200910007217A CN 101480956 B CN101480956 B CN 101480956B
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- bottom door
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Abstract
The invention discloses a van bottom door device comprising a first bottom door, a second bottom door, a first rod, a second rod, a third rod, a fourth rod and a fifth rod, wherein the first bottom door and the second bottom door are symmetrically arranged and are respectively articulated with a wagon box; the middle of the first rod is articulated with the lower surface of the first bottom door; one end of the second rod is articulated with the external end part of the first rod, and the other end is articulated with the lower surface of the second bottom door; the first rod rotates around a third hinging point and can push the two bottom doors open; the third rod, the fourth rod and the fifth rod are sequentially hinged, the other end of the third rod is articulated with the first bottom door, the other end of the fifth rod is fixedly connected with the first rod, so that a door-opening four-connecting-rod mechanism is formed; and when an external force acts on the third rod, the fourth rod or the fifth rod, the external force can act on the first rod so as to facilitate the rotation of the first rod around the third hinging point. The bottom door device has a larger doorway opening degree so as to improve cargo unloading efficiency. The invention also provides a van with the bottom door device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the railway truck technical field, be specifically related to a kind of lorry and bottom door device thereof.
Background technology
As everyone knows, railway truck must guarantee the thing of freighting excellent in transit and easy to loading and unloading.Along with the design of updating of railway truck, can adapt to the requirement of goods transport preferably, standing intact of the thing of freighting obtained the failure-free assurance; Current, how to realize preferably that cargo handling machineryization and automation have become the key of railway truck optimal design.
Existing railway truck is offered bottom door on the floor, with the raising efficient of unloading, and can reduce labor intensity, improve the car unloading operation condition.Bottom door does not compress goods when opening the door, and makes the required power of opening the door less, during unloading bottom door is opened, and the reliable self gravitation of loose goods is discharged to the goods yard that is positioned under the rail automatically.General four connecting rods or the five connecting rod self-locking mechanisms of adopting of this bottom door device are realized switching manipulation, see also Fig. 1 (Fig. 1 a is the state of closing the door, and Fig. 1 b is a door opening state), and this figure is depicted as five-bar mechanism, and wherein, two bottom doors 10,20 are articulated in A, B point with car body respectively; The middle part of first bar 40 and first bottom door 10 are articulated in the E point; One end of second bar 30 and second bottom door 20 are articulated in the F point, and its other end and first bar 40 are articulated in the D point; The driver element 50 and first bar 40 are articulated in the C point.During opening door operation, driver element 50 acts on hinge C makes the bar 40 of winning rotate around the E point; Thereby promote second bar 30 and rotate the dead point that overcomes hinge-point D, E, F formation around hinge-point F.After second bar 30 was walked around the dead point, bottom door 10,20 just can be opened.Vice versa to close door operation.But, being subjected to the restriction of space structure, there is the too small problem of aperture in existing bottom door device.Shown in Fig. 1 b, bottom door shown in the figure is in the maximum opening position, driver element 50 is near the end position that overlaps with hinge C, hinge D, at this moment, the bottom door aperture can't further increase, thereby influenced the rate of discharging of goods, therefore, can not give full play to and on the railway truck floor, offer bottom door with the unload advantage of efficient of raising.
In view of this, demand urgently being optimized design, so that in same structure space, obtain bigger doorway aperture at existing lorry bottom door device.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned defective, the technical matters that the present invention solves is, provides a kind of doorway aperture bigger lorry bottom door device, to improve the goods efficient of unloading.On this basis, the present invention also provides a kind of lorry with this bottom door device.
Lorry bottom door device provided by the invention comprises first bottom door, second bottom door, first bar, second bar, the 3rd bar, the 4th bar and the 5th bar; Wherein, described first bottom door and second bottom door are symmetrical arranged and both are articulated in first hinge and second hinge with railway carriage respectively; The lower surface of the middle part of described first bar and first bottom door is articulated in tri-joint mechanism; One end of described second bar and the outer end of first bar are articulated in the 4th hinge, and the lower surface of its other end and second bottom door is articulated in the 5th hinge; And described first bar can promote two bottom doors around the tri-joint mechanism rotation and open; Described the 3rd bar, the 4th bar and the 5th bar are hinged successively, and the other end of described the 3rd bar and first bottom door be articulated in the 6th hinge, and the other end of described the 5th bar is captiveed joint with first bar, forms the four-bar linkage that opens the door; When external force acted on the 3rd bar, the 4th bar or the 5th bar, this external force can act on described first bar, so that described first bar rotates around tri-joint mechanism.
Preferably, also comprise limiting component, described limiting component is fixedly installed on described first bottom door, and when bottom door was in closed condition, the first bar upper surface and this limiting component of described tri-joint mechanism inboard offseted, so that the bottom door self-locking.
Preferably, the adjustable height of described limiting component.
Described limiting component comprises attached seat of the connection that is fixedly installed on described first bottom door and set screw, and described set screw is connected attached and is threaded with described, so that axially adjust the position between this set screw head and first bottom door.
Preferably, with respect to the perpendicular bisector of line between first hinge and second hinge, described tri-joint mechanism and the 5th hinge are separately positioned on the both sides of this perpendicular bisector and are symmetrical arranged.
Preferably, also comprise the telescopic drive parts, an end and the railway carriage of described telescopic drive parts are articulated in the 9th hinge, and the other end and the 3rd bar and the 4th bar are articulated in the 7th hinge; When this extensible member was in retrieving position, bottom door was a closed condition; When this extensible member was in extended position, bottom door was an open mode.
Described telescopic drive parts are specially pneumatic telescoping cylinder.
Preferably, described the 7th hinge places between tri-joint mechanism and the 5th hinge.
Described the 6th hinge places the top of tri-joint mechanism.
Compared with prior art, in the technical scheme of existing lorry bottom door device, the five-bar mechanism that is made of railway carriage, first bottom door, second bottom door, first bar and second bar had the function that eccentric throw realizes the bottom door self-locking; Lorry bottom door device provided by the invention has been set up a four-bar linkage that is made of bottom door, the 3rd bar, the 4th bar and the 5th bar on this basis.In the time of need opening the bottom door unloading, this programme drives first bar by four-bar linkage and rotates around tri-joint mechanism, thereby finish opening door operation, be specially: promote this four-bar linkage downwards and make the 3rd bar rotate around the 6th hinge, promote the 5th bar and first bar clockwise rotates around tri-joint mechanism by the 4th bar, and promote the dead center position that the 4th hinge makes that second bar generation elastic deformation forms by tri-joint mechanism, the 4th hinge and the 5th hinge, thereby make two bottom doors under the effect of goods deadweight, open; So far, finish opening door operation.Vice versa to close door operation.
In the operating process, the dynamic action of driver element is on the four-bar linkage of being set up that opens the door, like this, when described bottom door is in opening position, the problem that driver element offsets or overlaps with adjacent component can not take place, therefore, under limited space structure, can obtain bigger doorway aperture, and then improve the rate of discharging of goods.
In the preferred version of the present invention, first bottom door is provided with limiting component, and when bottom door was in closed condition, the first bar upper surface of described tri-joint mechanism inboard connected with it; Like this, can guarantee that this bottom door device is in the failure-free closed condition, further improves the stability of bottom door auto-lock function.In addition, the height of this limiting component can be adjusted, to eliminate the process and assemble error of associated components.
In another preferred version of the present invention, with respect to the perpendicular bisector of line between first hinge and second hinge, described tri-joint mechanism and the 5th hinge are separately positioned on the both sides of this perpendicular bisector and are symmetrical arranged; Like this, opening or closing in the process of described first bottom door and second bottom door, both path of motion unanimities make goods be discharged to the goods yard that is positioned under the rail through the railway carriage middle part exactly, are convenient to the goods yard management.
Lorry bottom door device provided by the invention is applicable to railway truck, is specially adapted to hopper truck.
Lorry provided by the invention comprises the bottom door device that is arranged on the railway carriage bottom, and described bottom door device as previously mentioned.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows operating mechanism's schematic diagram of existing bottom door device; Wherein, Fig. 1 a is depicted as the bottom door closed condition, and Fig. 1 b is depicted as the bottom door open mode;
Fig. 2 shows the integral structure assembling scheme drawing of bottom door device of the present invention; Wherein, Fig. 2 a is depicted as the bottom door closed condition; Fig. 2 b is depicted as the bottom door open mode;
Fig. 3 shows operating mechanism's schematic diagram of bottom door device provided by the invention; Wherein, Fig. 3 a is depicted as the bottom door closed condition; Fig. 3 b is depicted as the bottom door open mode;
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing of adjustable for height limiting component 8 described in the embodiment.
Among Fig. 2 and Fig. 4:
The first hinge A, the second hinge B, tri-joint mechanism C, the 4th hinge D, the 5th hinge E, the 6th hinge F, the 7th hinge G, the 8th hinge H, the 9th hinge I.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is the improvement design of making on the basis of existing bottom door device, its core is to have increased the four-bar linkage that opens the door, so that described bottom door is when being in opening position, the problem that driver element offsets or overlaps with adjacent component can not take place, thereby can obtain bigger doorway aperture under limited space structure.
Specify present embodiment below in conjunction with Figure of description.
See also Fig. 2, the figure shows the integral structure assembling scheme drawing of bottom door device of the present invention; Wherein, Fig. 2 a is depicted as the bottom door closed condition; Fig. 2 b is depicted as the bottom door open mode; Long and two-short dash line is depicted as lorry body 10 among the figure, to be clearly shown that the rigging position relation between the present invention and the railway carriage.
The related herein inside and outside noun of locality that waits defines as benchmark with lorry body, be to be understood that herein the noun of locality that adopts should not limit the protection domain of this patent.
Shown in Fig. 2 a, first bottom door 1 and second bottom door 2 are symmetrical arranged, and wherein, first bottom door 1 is articulated in the first hinge A with railway carriage 10, and second bottom door 2 is articulated in the second hinge B with railway carriage 10.Need to prove that the concrete structure of two bottom doors is not the inventive point place of this patent, so do not give unnecessary details in this article.
When propulsive effort acted on first bar 3, first bar 3 can promote first bottom door 1 after tri-joint mechanism C rotates and second bottom door 2 is opened.
The 3rd bar 5, the 4th bar 6 and the 5th bar 7 are hinged successively; Wherein, the 3rd bar 5 and the 4th bar 6 are articulated in the 7th hinge G; The 4th bar 6 and the 5th bar 7 are articulated in the 8th hinge H.The other end of the 3rd bar 5 and first bottom door 1 are articulated in the 6th hinge F; The other end of the 5th bar 7 is captiveed joint with first bar 3, thereby forms the four-bar linkage that opens the door.Be the principle of work of the described bottom door device of clear explanation present embodiment,, the figure shows operating mechanism's schematic diagram of this bottom door device please in the lump referring to Fig. 3; Wherein, Fig. 3 a is depicted as the bottom door closed condition; Fig. 3 b is depicted as the bottom door open mode.
As shown in Figure 3, described the 7th hinge G places between tri-joint mechanism C and the 5th hinge E, and described the 6th hinge F places the top of tri-joint mechanism C; Constitute a four-bar linkage by first bottom door 1 between the 3rd bar 5, the 4th bar 6 and the 5th bar 7 and the 6th hinge F and the tri-joint mechanism C, in conjunction with the theory of machines analysis, first bottom door 1 between the 6th hinge F and the tri-joint mechanism C is frame, the 4th bar 6 is connecting rod, and the 3rd bar 5 and the 5th bar 7 are side link.
During opening door operation, when external force acted on the 3rd bar 5, the 4th bar 6 or the 5th bar 7, this external force all can act on first bar 3, so that described first bar 3 rotates around tri-joint mechanism C; First bar 3 makes second bar 6 produce the dead center position that elastic deformation forms by tri-joint mechanism C, the 4th hinge D and the 5th hinge E by the 4th hinge D, thereby makes two bottom doors open under the effect of goods deadweight; So far, finish opening door operation.Vice versa to close door operation.
For guaranteeing that lorry bottom door device of the present invention can be in the failure-free closed condition, first bottom door 1 is provided with limiting component 8, when bottom door is in closed condition, the upper surface of first bar 3 of described tri-joint mechanism C inboard connects with it, with the stability of further raising bottom door auto-lock function.Described limiting component 8 can be limiting stopper, plate, as long as we can say that can limit first bar 3 rotates counterclockwise and cause the bottom door unnormal unlocking all in the protection domain of this patent.
As everyone knows, can there be Mismachining tolerance in parts unavoidably in the course of processing, and for this reason, the height of this limiting component can be adjusted, and to eliminate the process and assemble error of associated components, further can reduce the tooling cost of parts.
Shown in Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b, described limiting component 8 is formed by connecting attached seat 81 and set screw 82, and please in the lump referring to Fig. 4, wherein, the attached seat 81 of described connection can weld or be threaded on described first bottom door 1, forms failure-free captive joint relation; Have tapped bore on the attached seat of this connection 81, described set screw 82 is connected attached seat 81 and is threaded with described, so that axially adjust the position between this set screw head and first bottom door 1, adjustment hinge-point D, C and the formed eccentric throw of E; When if hinge D is higher than desirable eccentric position, this set screw 82 can be screwed in and connect attached seat 81; When if hinge D is lower than desirable eccentric position, this set screw 82 can be screwed out and connect attached seat 81.
In addition, for ease of the goods deposited of management goods yard, need goods to be discharged to goods yard under the rail exactly through the railway carriage middle part in theory.For this reason, with respect to the perpendicular bisector of line between the first hinge A and the second hinge B, described tri-joint mechanism C and the 5th hinge E are separately positioned on the both sides of this perpendicular bisector and are symmetrical arranged; Like this, opening or closing in the process of described first bottom door 1 and second bottom door 2, both path of motion unanimities, thus guarantee that goods is discharged to the goods yard that is positioned under the rail through the railway carriage middle part.
As shown in the figure, an end of telescopic drive parts and railway carriage are articulated in the 9th hinge I, and the other end and the 3rd bar 5 and the 4th bar 6 are articulated in a bit: the 7th hinge G; When this extensible member was in retrieving position, bottom door was a closed condition; When this extensible member was in extended position, bottom door was an open mode.
Particularly, as shown in the figure, the telescopic drive parts are specially pneumatic telescoping cylinder 9; In fact, the telescopic drive parts also can adopt hydraulic actuating cylinder.For adapting to the propulsion source of railway truck self, adopting pneumatic telescoping cylinder is optimal case.
Special version be, in the lorry bottom door device that provides in the present embodiment, the setting of each rod member and each hinge is not limited to the position relation shown in the figure, it also can be provided with respect to the shown position mirror image, all can realize the goal of the invention of this patent.
Lorry provided by the invention comprises the foregoing lorry bottom door device that is arranged on the railway carriage bottom.The inventive point of this lorry is to have the lorry bottom door device of larger opening, and miscellaneous part is identical with the composition and the annexation of existing lorry, does not repeat them here.
To sum up, the present invention applies the application force that opens the door by the four-bar linkage that opens the door, when described bottom door is in opening position, the problem that driver element offsets or overlaps with adjacent component can not take place, therefore, under limited space structure, can obtain bigger doorway aperture, and then improve the rate of discharging of goods.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. lorry bottom door device comprises:
First bottom door and second bottom door are symmetrical arranged and both are articulated in first hinge and second hinge with railway carriage respectively;
First bar, its middle part is articulated in tri-joint mechanism with the lower surface of first bottom door; With
Second bar, the outer end of the one end and first bar is articulated in the 4th hinge, and the lower surface of its other end and second bottom door is articulated in the 5th hinge; And
Described first bar can promote two bottom doors around the tri-joint mechanism rotation and open; It is characterized in that, also comprise:
Pivotally attached the 3rd bar, the 4th bar and the 5th bar successively; And
The other end of described the 3rd bar and first bottom door are articulated in the 6th hinge, and the other end of described the 5th bar is captiveed joint with first bar, form the four-bar linkage that opens the door; When external force acted on the 3rd bar, the 4th bar or the 5th bar, this external force can act on described first bar, so that described first bar rotates around tri-joint mechanism.
2. lorry bottom door device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Limiting component is fixedly installed on described first bottom door, and when bottom door was in closed condition, the first bar upper surface and this limiting component of described tri-joint mechanism inboard offseted, so that the bottom door self-locking.
3. lorry bottom door device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the adjustable height of described limiting component.
4. lorry bottom door device according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described limiting component comprises:
Connect attached seat, be fixedly installed on described first bottom door; With
Set screw is connected attached seat and is threaded with described, so that axially adjust the position between this set screw head and first bottom door.
5. lorry bottom door device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, with respect to the perpendicular bisector of line between first hinge and second hinge, described tri-joint mechanism and the 5th hinge are separately positioned on the both sides of this perpendicular bisector and are symmetrical arranged.
6. lorry bottom door device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, also comprises:
The telescopic drive parts, one end and railway carriage are articulated in the 9th hinge, and the other end and the 3rd bar and the 4th bar are articulated in the 7th hinge; When this extensible member was in retrieving position, bottom door was a closed condition; When this extensible member was in extended position, bottom door was an open mode.
7. lorry bottom door device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described telescopic drive parts are specially pneumatic telescoping cylinder.
8. according to claim 6 or 7 described lorry bottom door devices, it is characterized in that described the 7th hinge places between tri-joint mechanism and the 5th hinge.
9. lorry bottom door device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described the 6th hinge places the top of tri-joint mechanism.
10. lorry comprises the bottom door device of the bottom that is arranged on railway carriage it is characterized in that described bottom door device adopts as the described bottom door device of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100072174A CN101480956B (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2009-02-13 | Van and bottom door device thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100072174A CN101480956B (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2009-02-13 | Van and bottom door device thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101480956A CN101480956A (en) | 2009-07-15 |
| CN101480956B true CN101480956B (en) | 2010-07-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100072174A Active CN101480956B (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2009-02-13 | Van and bottom door device thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN101480956B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105382533B (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-06-19 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | A kind of assemble method of the big blade bottom door opening and closing mechanism of railway freight-car |
| WO2018068553A1 (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2018-04-19 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | Hopper car |
| CN106347384B (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2018-05-18 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | Bottom door of railway hopper car |
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2009
- 2009-02-13 CN CN2009100072174A patent/CN101480956B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN101480956A (en) | 2009-07-15 |
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Address after: 161002 Qigihar City, Heilongjiang province Tiefeng District Plant Road No. 36 Patentee after: CRRC QIQIHAR VEHICLE CO., LTD. Address before: 161002 Qigihar City, Heilongjiang province Tiefeng District Plant Road No. 36 Patentee before: Qiqihar Rail Traffic Equipment Co., Ltd. |