WO2020118592A1 - 一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统 - Google Patents

一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统 Download PDF

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WO2020118592A1
WO2020118592A1 PCT/CN2018/120755 CN2018120755W WO2020118592A1 WO 2020118592 A1 WO2020118592 A1 WO 2020118592A1 CN 2018120755 W CN2018120755 W CN 2018120755W WO 2020118592 A1 WO2020118592 A1 WO 2020118592A1
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Prior art keywords
pipe
ash
air
air distribution
valve
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PCT/CN2018/120755
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
殷得文
何少敦
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深圳市能源环保有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/120755 priority Critical patent/WO2020118592A1/zh
Publication of WO2020118592A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020118592A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a furnace system of a waste incineration power plant, in particular to an air soot blowing control system of a fly ash transportation pipeline of a waste incinerator.
  • the fly ash conveying system of the waste incinerator mainly includes an ash collecting hopper, a water-cooled spiral ash conveyer, a rotary ash discharge valve, a spiral ash remover, a propelled spiral ash conveyer, a slag catcher and a slag pond; fly ash After inertial trapping, it falls into the ash collecting hopper, passes through the water-cooled spiral ash conveyor, enters the rotary ash discharge valve, then enters the spiral ash conveyor, and finally enters the propelling spiral ash conveyor through the lower ash pipe.
  • the present invention provides an air soot blowing control system for the fly ash conveying pipeline of the waste incinerator.
  • the ash collecting hopper, the front ash pipe, and the rear ash pipe are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
  • a J-type valve is provided at the corner of the connection between the front ash pipe and the rear ash pipe
  • a normally open ash pipe valve is provided at the corner of the connection between the rear ash pipe and the working ash pipe
  • a first is provided in the J-type valve
  • the air distribution pipe is provided with a second air distribution pipe at the front end of the normally open ash pipe valve.
  • the first air distribution pipe and the second air distribution pipe are each provided with a plurality of air outlet holes, and are also provided with Compressed air transmission pipe connected with the air distribution pipe and the second air distribution pipe; when fly ash accumulation jams appear at the corner, compressed air is input into the compressed air transmission pipe, and the compressed air is separately transported through the compressed air transmission pipe Go to the first air distribution pipe and the second air distribution pipe and spray out from each of the air outlet holes to blow off the accumulated fly ash, so that the fly ash falls into the ash pipe to play a ash cleaning role, ensuring the smooth flow of the ash pipe .
  • the solution provided by the present invention to solve the technical problem is an air soot blowing control system for a fly ash conveying pipeline of a garbage incinerator, which is characterized by sequentially including an ash collecting hopper, a front ash pipe, from top to bottom according to the fly ash conveying direction
  • the rear ash pipe, working ash pipe, slag catcher and slag catcher, the fly ash falls into the ash collecting hopper, front ash pipe, rear ash pipe, working ash pipe from the top down and then enters the slag catcher and is finally transported
  • a J-type valve is provided at the corner of the connection between the front ash pipe and the rear ash pipe
  • a normally open ash pipe valve is provided at the corner of the connection between the rear ash pipe and the working ash pipe
  • the J-type valve There is a first air distribution pipe in the middle, and a second air distribution pipe is provided at the front end of the normally open ash pipe valve.
  • the first air distribution pipe and the second air distribution pipe are provided with a number of air outlet holes, and are also provided.
  • Compressed air delivery pipelines connected to the first and second air distribution pipes respectively; when fly ash accumulation occurs at the corner, compressed air is input into the compressed air delivery pipelines, and compressed air passes through the compressed air delivery pipelines They are transported to the first and second air distribution pipes and sprayed from the air outlet holes to blow away the accumulated fly ash, so that the fly ash falls into the ash tube to play a role in cleaning the ash, ensuring ash
  • the pipeline is smooth;
  • the compressed air delivery pipeline includes a pipeline and a pipeline cut-off valve (master switch), a solenoid valve and a pressure relief valve are arranged in sequence according to the direction of air flow, and the solenoid valve is intermittently started and stopped to achieve intermittent soot blowing.
  • the solenoid valve is opened for 2 seconds and stopped for 60 seconds.
  • the first air distribution pipe and the second air distribution pipe are metal pipes, and a number of air outlet holes are provided on the pipe.
  • an access door is further provided in the J-type valve.
  • a bypass ash-falling pipe for maintenance is also provided.
  • the upper port of the bypass ash-falling pipe is connected to the lower end of the rear ash pipe and the lower port is directly connected to the slag pond.
  • a third air distribution pipe is further provided in the bypass dust pipe, and a plurality of air outlet holes are provided on the third air distribution pipe, and the third air distribution pipe is connected to the compressed air delivery pipe.
  • the diameter of the air outlet hole is 1.0-2.5 mm (millimeter).
  • the present invention proposes an air soot blowing control system for the fly ash conveying pipeline of a garbage incinerator.
  • the fly ash conveying direction the ash collecting hopper, the front ash pipe, the rear ash pipe, and the work Ash pipe, slag fishing machine and slag fishing pond, fly ash falls into the ash collection hopper, front ash pipe, rear ash pipe, working ash pipe from top to bottom, then enters the slag machine and is finally transported to the slag pond.
  • a J-type valve is provided at the corner of the connection between the front ash pipe and the rear ash pipe, a normally open ash pipe valve is provided at the corner of the connection between the rear ash pipe and the working ash pipe, and a first cloth is provided in the J-type valve
  • the air distribution pipe and the second air distribution pipe are sprayed from the air outlet holes to blow away the accumulated fly ash, so that the fly ash falls into the ash pipe to play a dust-cleaning function.
  • the present invention proposes a fly ash conveying system for garbage incinerators. Since compressed air is used for cleaning ash, there is no mechanical rotating equipment such as screw ash conveyers in the system, which effectively solves the problem of jamming of fly ash accumulation and further ensures the normality of waste incineration power plants run.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Ash falling pipe 5.1 front ash pipe, 5.2 rear ash pipe, 5.3 working ash pipe, 5.4 bypass ash pipe,
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the prior art.
  • the fly ash conveying system of the garbage incinerator mainly includes an ash collecting hopper 1, a water-cooled spiral ash conveyer 2, a rotary ash discharge valve 3, a spiral ash conveyer 4, a dust pipe 5, Promote the spiral ash conveyor 6, slag catcher 7 and slag catcher; after the fly ash is dropped into the ash collecting hopper 1 by inertial capture, after passing through the water-cooled screw ash conveyor 2, enter the rotary ash discharge valve 3, and then enter The spiral ash conveyor 4 is removed, and finally enters the propelling spiral ash conveyor 6 through the dust pipe 5.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • a fly ash conveying system for a waste incinerator includes an ash collecting hopper 1, a front ash pipe 5.1, a rear ash pipe 5.2, and a working ash pipe 5.3 from top to bottom , Slag fishing machine 7 and slag fishing pond, when the system is running, fly ash falls into the ash collecting hopper 1, front ash pipe 5.1, rear ash pipe 5.2, working ash pipe 5.3 and then enters the slag machine 7 last After being transported to the slag pond, a J-type valve 10 is also provided at the corner where the front ash pipe 5.1 is connected to the rear ash pipe 5.2, and a normally open ash pipe valve 8.2 is provided at the corner where the rear ash pipe 5.2 is connected to the working ash pipe 5.3.
  • the J-type valve 10 is provided with a first air distribution pipe 9.1, a second air distribution pipe 9.2 is provided at the front end of the normally open ash pipe valve, and a number of air outlets are provided on the first air distribution pipe 9.1 and the second air distribution pipe 9.2
  • the small hole is also provided with a first compressed air conveying pipe 12.1 and a second compressed air conveying pipe 12.2 respectively connected to the first air distribution pipe 9.1 and the second air distribution pipe 9.2;
  • a compressed air delivery pipe 12.1, the second compressed air delivery pipe 12.2 is fed with compressed air, and the compressed air is delivered to the first air distribution pipe 9.1 and the second cloth through the first compressed air delivery pipe 12.1, the second compressed air delivery pipe 12.2, respectively
  • the air duct 9.2 is sprayed from each air outlet on the air duct to blow away the accumulated fly ash, so that the fly ash falls into the ash tube to play a ash cleaning role, ensuring the smooth flow of the ash tube.
  • Figure 2 shows that on the first compressed air delivery pipe 12.1, the first shut-off valve 14.1 (pipeline main valve), the solenoid valve 15.1 and the pressure reducing valve 16.1 are arranged in sequence according to the direction of air flow, and the solenoid valve 15.1 is intermittently started and stopped to achieve intermittent Sex blowing.
  • the first compressed air delivery pipe 12.1 connects compressed air to the first air distribution pipe 9.1. Due to the intermittent start and stop of the solenoid valve 15.1, the first air distribution pipe 9.1 achieves intermittent soot blowing to ensure the smoothness of the pipeline.
  • the solenoid valve 15.1 opens for 2 seconds and stops for 60 seconds.
  • FIG. 2 shows that in this example, a pressure reducing valve bypass is also connected in parallel at the pressure reducing valve 16.1.
  • the pressure reducing valve bypass consists of a second shut-off valve 14.2 and a solenoid valve 15.2 in accordance with the air flow direction.
  • the inlet of the pressure reducing valve bypass is connected in parallel with the inlet of the pressure reducing valve 16.1, and the outlet of the pressure reducing valve bypass is connected in parallel with the outlet of the pressure reducing valve 16.1.
  • the pressure reducing valve bypass is used as a high-pressure air delivery pipeline under the condition of huge fly ash.
  • the first shut-off valve 14.1 main pipeline valve
  • the solenoid valve 15.1 opens
  • the pipeline pressure at this time is 0.6Mpa
  • the pressure relief valve 16.1 opens.
  • the air pressure is adjusted to 0.25Mpa.
  • the pressure relief valve bypass second cut-off valve 14.2 is opened, the pressure relief valve bypass door solenoid valve 15.2 is closed, and the first compressed air delivery pipe 12.1 delivers low-pressure compressed air to the first air distribution pipe 9.1.
  • the first shut-off valve 14.1 main pipeline valve
  • the solenoid valve 15.1 is opened
  • the pipeline pressure at this time is 0.6Mpa
  • the pressure relief valve 16.1 is closed.
  • the pressure relief valve bypass second shut-off valve 14.2 opens, the pressure relief valve bypass door solenoid valve 15.2 opens, the compressed air passes the bypass without decompression, the first compressed air delivery pipe 12.1 delivers high-pressure compressed air to the first A cloth duct 9.1.
  • Figure 2 shows that on the second compressed air delivery pipe 12.2, in accordance with the air flow direction, a solenoid valve 15.3 and a pressure reducing valve 16.2 are provided in this order.
  • the second compressed air delivery pipe 12.2 connects compressed air to the second air distribution pipe 9.2. Since the electromagnetic valve 15.2 is intermittently started and stopped, the second air distribution pipe 9.2 realizes intermittent soot blowing to ensure the smoothness of the pipeline.
  • the solenoid valve 15.2 opens for 2 seconds and stops for 60 seconds.
  • the diameter of the front ash pipe 5.1, the rear ash pipe 5.2, and the working ash pipe 5.3 is usually 450MM.
  • the present invention suggests that the first air distribution pipe 9.1 and the second air distribution pipe 9.2 are metal pipes, and the diameter 10 can be selected -20 mm. Open a number of air outlets on the air duct, and the diameter of the air outlet can be 1.0-2.5MM.
  • Figure 2 shows that the first air distribution pipe 9.1 is a metal tube that is tightly fixed to the inner wall of the front gray pipe 5.1 after being coiled (can be fixed by welding), the first air distribution pipe 9.1 is connected to the first compressed air delivery pipe 12.1, compressed The air can enter the first air distribution pipe 9.1 and be sprayed from the air outlet to blow off the accumulated fly ash.
  • the second air distribution pipe 9.2 is arranged at the front end of the normally open ash pipe valve 8.2, and compressed air can enter the second air distribution pipe 9.2 and be sprayed from the air outlet to blow away the accumulated fly ash.
  • the pipeline that transports the fly ash is kept clear to ensure the normal operation of the garbage incinerator system.
  • the entire system since there is no complicated conveying equipment such as a screw conveyor in the system for conveying fly ash, the entire system has a simple structure and stable performance. Effectively solve existing technical problems.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the figure shows that, unlike the first embodiment, in this example, an access door 11 is also provided in the J-type valve 10.
  • an access door 11 is also provided in the J-type valve 10.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the figure shows that, unlike the second embodiment, in this example, a bypass ash pipe 5.4 for maintenance is also provided, the upper port of the bypass ash pipe 5.4 is connected to the lower end of the rear ash pipe 5.2 and the lower port is connected To another entrance of the slag catcher 7.
  • the normally open ash pipe valve 8.2 can be closed, and then the normally closed ash pipe valve 8.3 can be opened to allow the fly ash to enter directly. Slag pond.
  • the figure shows that a third air distribution pipe 9.3 is also provided in the bypass dust pipe 5.4, and a number of air outlets are provided on the third air distribution pipe 9.3, and the third air distribution pipe 9.3 is connected to the third compressed air delivery pipe 12.3 .
  • Figure 4 shows that in this example, the first compressed valve 14.1 (main pipeline valve), solenoid valve 15.4 and pressure relief valve 16.3 are arranged in sequence on the third compressed air delivery pipe 12.3 according to the direction of air flow, and the solenoid valve 15.4 is intermittent Start and stop to achieve intermittent soot blowing.
  • the third compressed air delivery pipe 12.3 connects compressed air to the third air distribution pipe 9.3. Due to the intermittent start and stop of the solenoid valve 15.4, the third air distribution pipe 9.3 achieves intermittent soot blowing to ensure the smoothness of the pipeline.
  • the solenoid valve 15.3 opens for 2 seconds and stops for 60 seconds.

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Abstract

一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统，按照飞灰输送方向，由上往下依次包括集灰斗(1)、前灰管(5.1)、后灰管(5.2)、工作落灰管(5.3)、捞渣机(7)及捞渣池，在前灰管(5.1)与后灰管(5.2)连接拐角处设置J型阀(10)，在后灰管(5.2)与工作落灰管(5.3)连接拐角处设置常开灰管阀(8.2)，在J型阀(10)中设置第一布风管(9.1)，在常开灰管阀(8.2)的前端设置第二布风管(9.2)，第一布风管(9.1)、第二布风管(9.2)上均设置有若干出风小孔，还设置与布风管连接的压缩空气输送管道；压缩空气经压缩空气输送管道分别输送到第一布风管(9.1)及第二布风管(9.2)从而吹散堆积的飞灰，压缩空气输送管道包括管路以及按照空气流动的方向依次设置管道截止阀、电磁阀及减压阀，电磁阀间断性启停实现间断性吹灰。

Description

一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统 技术领域
本发明涉及垃圾焚烧发电厂炉系统，尤其涉及一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统。
背景技术
目前，垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送系统主要包括集灰斗、水冷螺旋输灰机、旋转式卸灰阀、移除螺旋输灰机、推进螺旋输灰机、捞渣机及捞渣池；飞灰经惯性捕集掉入集灰斗后，经水冷螺旋输灰机之后，进入旋转式卸灰阀，然后再进入移除螺旋输灰机，最后经下灰管进入推进螺旋输灰机。因水冷螺旋输灰机结构复杂部件含有换热面，系统转动机构庞大复杂，并且水冷螺旋输灰机的旋转水管铜接头容易漏水，移除螺旋输灰机和推进螺旋输灰机以及旋转式卸灰阀等均为结构复杂的转动设备。在运行中，系统容易出现飞灰堆积卡涩，导致转动部件卡涩、电机过载、受热面泄露、旋转水管铜接头漏水等问题。系统检修维护困难，设备运行成本高。出现故障时，由于落灰量减小，飞灰不能及时排除掉从而造成整个垃圾焚烧发电系统不能正常运行。特别是由于移除螺旋输灰机和推进螺旋输灰机因间隙小、设备结构复杂容易卡涩，检修维护工作量极大，给垃圾焚烧发电厂的运行带来极大的不利影响。
发明内容
为解决现有技术问题，本发明提出一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统，按照飞灰输送方向，由上往下依次包括集灰斗、前灰管、后灰管、工作落灰管、捞渣机及捞渣池，飞灰由上往下依次落入集灰斗、前灰管、后灰管、工作落灰管之后进入捞渣机最后被输送到捞渣池，在所述前灰管与后灰管连接拐角处设置J型阀，在所述后灰管与工作落灰管连接拐角处设置常开灰管阀，在所述J型阀中设置第一布风管，在所述常开灰管阀的前端设置第二布风管，所述第一布风管、第二布风管上均设置有若干出风小孔，还设置分别与第一布风管、第二布风管连接的压缩空气输送管道；当拐角处出现飞灰堆积卡涩时，在所述压缩空气输送管道中输入压缩空气，压缩空气经所述压缩空气输送管道分别输送到第一布风管及第二布风管中并从所述各个出风小孔中喷出从而吹散堆积的飞灰，使飞灰落入灰管中起清灰作用，确保灰管畅通。
本发明解决技术问题所提供方案是，一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统，其特征是，按照飞灰输送方向，由上往下依次包括集灰斗、前灰管、后灰管、工作落灰管、捞渣机及捞渣池，飞灰由上往下依次落入集灰斗、前灰管、后灰管、工作落灰管之后进入捞渣机最后被输送到捞渣池，在所述前灰管与后灰管连接拐角处设置J型阀，在所述后灰管与工作落灰管连接拐角处设置常开灰管阀，在所述J型阀中设置第一布风管，在所述常开灰管阀的前端设置第二布风管，所述第一布风管、第二布风管上均设置有若干出风小孔，还设置分别与第一布风管、第二布风管连接的压缩空气输送管道；当拐角处出现飞灰堆积时，在所述压缩空气输送管道中输入压缩空气，压缩空气经所述压缩空气输送管道分别输送到第一布风管及第二布风管 中并从所述各个出风小孔中喷出从而吹散堆积的飞灰，使飞灰落入灰管中起清灰作用，确保灰管畅通；所述压缩空气输送管道包括管路以及按照空气流动的方向依次设置管道截止阀(总开关)、电磁阀及减压阀，所述电磁阀间断性启停实现间断性吹灰。
优选方案，所述电磁阀打开2秒停60秒。
优选方案，所述第一布风管、第二布风管为金属管并在管上设置若干出风孔。
优选方案，在所述J型阀中还设置检修门。
优选方案，还设置检修用的旁通落灰管，所述旁通落灰管的上口与所述后灰管的下端连接而下口直接接入到捞渣池。
优选方案，在所述旁通落灰管中还设置第三布风管，所述第三布风管上设置有若干出风孔，所述第三布风管与压缩空气输送管道连接。
优选方案，所述出风孔直径为1.0-2.5mm(毫米)。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提出一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统，按照飞灰输送方向，由上往下依次包括集灰斗、前灰管、后灰管、工作落灰管、捞渣机及捞渣池，飞灰由上往下依次落入集灰斗、前灰管、后灰管、工作落灰管之后进入捞渣机最后被输送到捞渣池，在所述前灰管与后灰管连接拐角处设置J型阀，在所述后灰管与工作落灰管连接拐角处设置常开灰管阀，在所述J型阀中设置第一布风管，在所述常开灰管阀的前端设置第二布风管，所述第一布风管、第二布风管上均设置有若干出风小孔，还设置分别与第一布风管、第二布风管连接的压缩空气输送管道；当拐角处出现飞灰堆积时，在所述压缩空气输送管道中输入压缩空气，压缩空气经所述压缩空气输送管道分别输送到第一布风管及第二布风管中并从所述各个出风小孔中喷出从而吹散堆积的飞灰，使飞灰落入灰管中起清灰作用。本发明提出一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送系统，由于采用压缩空气清灰，系统中没有螺旋输灰机等机械转动设备，有效地解决飞灰堆积卡涩问题，进一步确保垃圾焚烧发电厂的正常运行。
附图说明
图1为现有技术一个实施例的结构示意图。
图2为本发明第一个实施例的结构示意图。
图3为本发明第二个实施例的结构示意图。
图4为本发明第三个实施例的结构示意图。
图中:
1.集灰斗，
2.水冷螺旋输灰机，
3.旋转式卸灰阀，
4.移除螺旋输灰机，
5.落灰管，5.1前灰管，5.2后灰管，5.3工作落灰管，5.4旁通落灰管，
6.推进螺旋输灰机，
7.捞渣机，
8.1 J型阀门入口灰管阀，
8.2常开灰管阀(运行时打开)，
8.3常闭灰管阀(检修时打开)，
9.1第一布风管、9.2第二布风管、9.3第三布风管，
10.J型阀，
11.检修门，
12.1第一压缩空气输送管道、12.2第二压缩空气输送管道、12.3第三压缩空气输送管道。
13飞灰堆积，
14.1第一截止阀(管道总阀门)，14.2第二截止阀(旁路阀门)，
15.1、15.2，15.3、15.4电磁阀，
16.1、16.2，16.3减压阀。
具体实施方式
图1为现有技术一个实施例的结构示意图。图中显示，现有技术中，垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送系统主要包括集灰斗1、水冷螺旋输灰机2、旋转式卸灰阀3、移除螺旋输灰机4、落灰管5、推进螺旋输灰机6、捞渣机7及捞渣池；飞灰经惯性捕集掉入集灰斗1之后，经水冷螺旋输灰机2之后，进入旋转式卸灰阀3，然后再进入移除螺旋输灰机4，最后经落灰管5进入推进螺旋输灰机6。因水冷螺旋输灰机2结构复杂部件含有换热面，系统转动机构庞大复杂，并且水冷螺旋输灰机2的旋转水管铜接头容易漏水，移除螺旋输灰机4和推进螺旋输灰机6以及旋转式卸灰阀3等均为结构复杂的转动设备。在运行中，系统容易出现飞灰堆积卡涩，导致转动部件卡涩、电机过载、受热面泄露、旋转水管铜接头漏水等问题。系统检修困难，设备维护成本高。出现故障时，由于落灰量减小，飞灰不能及时排除掉从而造成整个垃圾焚烧发电系统不能正常运行。特别是由于移除螺旋输灰机4和推进螺旋输灰机6因间隙小、设备复杂经常卡涩，检修维护工作量极大，给垃圾焚烧发电厂的运行带来极大的不利影响。
图2为本发明第一个实施例的结构示意图。图中显示，本例中，一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送系统，按照飞灰输送方向，由上往下依次包括集灰斗1、前灰管5.1、后灰管5.2、工作落灰管5.3、捞渣机7及捞渣池，系统运行时，飞灰由上往下依次落入集灰斗1、前灰管5.1、后灰管5.2、工作落灰管5.3之后进入捞渣机7最后被输送到捞渣池，在前灰管5.1与后灰管5.2连接拐角处还设置J型阀10，在后灰管5.2与工作落灰管5.3连接拐角处设置常开灰管阀8.2，在J型阀10中设置第一布风管9.1，在常开灰管阀的前端设置第二布风管9.2，在第一布风管9.1、第二布风管9.2上均设置有若干出风小孔，还设置分别与第一布风管9.1、 第二布风管9.2连接的第一压缩空气输送管道12.1、第二压缩空气输送管道12.2；当拐角处出现飞灰堆积13时，在第一压缩空气输送管道12.1、第二压缩空气输送管道12.2中输入压缩空气，压缩空气经第一压缩空气输送管道12.1、第二压缩空气输送管道12.2分别输送到第一布风管9.1及第二布风管9.2中并从布风管上的各个出风孔喷出从而吹散堆积的飞灰，使飞灰落入灰管中起清灰作用，确保灰管的畅通。
图2显示，在第一压缩空气输送管道12.1上，按照空气流动的方向依次设置第一截止阀14.1(管道总阀门)、电磁阀15.1及减压阀16.1，电磁阀15.1间断性启停实现间断性吹灰。第一压缩空气输送管道12.1将压缩空气接入到第一布风管9.1。由于电磁阀15.1间断性启停，因此，第一布风管9.1实现间断性吹灰，确保管道畅通。本例中，电磁阀15.1开启2秒，停60秒。
图2显示，本例中，在减压阀16.1处还并接一个减压阀旁路，按照空气流动方向，减压阀旁路由第二截止阀14.2及电磁阀15.2组成。减压阀旁路入口与减压阀16.1的入口并接，减压阀旁路出口与减压阀16.1的出口并接。减压阀旁路作为飞灰量巨大工况情况下的高压空气输送管道。
本例中，在飞灰量正常的工况情况下，第一截止阀14.1(管道总阀门)打开，电磁阀15.1开启，此时的管道压力为0.6Mpa，减压阀16.1打开。经减压阀16.1之后，空气压力调整为0.25Mpa。减压阀旁路第二截止阀14.2开启，减压阀旁路门电磁阀15.2关闭，第一压缩空气输送管道12.1将低压力压缩空气输送到第一布风管9.1。
本例中，在飞灰量很大的工况情况下，第一截止阀14.1(管道总阀门)打开，电磁阀15.1开启，此时的管道压力为0.6Mpa，减压阀16.1关闭。减压阀旁路第二截止阀14.2开启，减压阀旁路门电磁阀15.2打开，压缩空气经旁路而没有经过减压，第一压缩空气输送管道12.1将高压力的压缩空气输送到第一布风管9.1。
图2显示，在第二压缩空气输送管道12.2上，按照空气流动方向，依次设置电磁阀15.3及减压阀16.2。第二压缩空气输送管道12.2将压缩空气接入到第二布风管9.2。由于电磁阀15.2间断性启停，因此，第二布风管9.2实现间断性吹灰，确保管道畅通。本例中，电磁阀15.2开启2秒，停60秒。
本例中，前灰管5.1、后灰管5.2、工作落灰管5.3的直径通常为450MM，本发明提示，第一布风管9.1及第二布风管9.2为金属管，可以选取直径10-20毫米。在布风管上开设若干出风孔，出风孔直径可以选取1.0-2.5MM。图2显示，第一布风管9.1为金属管盘绕之后贴紧固定在前灰管5.1的内壁处(可采用焊接固定)，第一布风管9.1与第一压缩空气输送管道12.1连接，压缩空气可以进入第一布风管9.1并从出风孔中喷出将堆积的飞灰吹散。同理，第二布风管9.2设置在常开灰管阀8.2的前端，压缩空气可以进入第二布风管9.2并从出风孔中喷出将堆积的飞灰吹散。本例中，通过在灰管的若干节点中设置布风管，使用压缩空气进行清灰使输送飞灰的管道保持畅通从而确保垃圾焚烧炉系统的正常运行。本例中，由于输送飞灰的系统中没有螺旋输送机等复杂的输送设备，因此，整个系统结构简单，性能稳定。有效地解决现有的技术问题。
图3为本发明第二个实施例的结构示意图。图中显示，与第一实施例不同的是，本例中，在J型阀10 中还设置检修门11。当J型阀10堆灰卡涩时，在进行检修时，先关闭压缩空气输送管道，然后开启检修门11，将J型阀10中堆积的杂物用耐火钳取出，及时清除堆积的飞灰。
图4为本发明第三个实施例的结构示意图。图中显示，与第二实施例不同的是，本例中，还设置检修用的旁通落灰管5.4，旁通落灰管5.4上口与后灰管5.2的下端连接而下口接入到捞渣机7的另一个入口。当垃圾焚烧炉系统需要大修时，由于飞灰量很大，飞灰不适宜进入捞渣机，此时可以关闭常开灰管阀8.2，然后打开常闭灰管阀8.3，使飞灰直接进入捞渣池。图中显示，在旁通落灰管5.4中还设置第三布风管9.3，第三布风管9.3上设置有若干出风孔，第三布风管9.3与第三压缩空气输送管道12.3连接。
图4显示，本例中，在第三压缩空气输送管道12.3上，按照空气流动的方向依次设置第一截止阀14.1(管道总阀门)、电磁阀15.4及减压阀16.3，电磁阀15.4间断性启停实现间断性吹灰。第三压缩空气输送管道12.3将压缩空气接入到第三布风管9.3。由于电磁阀15.4间断性启停，因此，第三布风管9.3实现间断性吹灰，确保管道畅通。本例中，电磁阀15.3开启2秒，停60秒。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统，其特征是，按照飞灰输送方向，由上往下依次包括集灰斗、前灰管、后灰管、工作落灰管、捞渣机及捞渣池，飞灰由上往下依次落入集灰斗、前灰管、后灰管、工作落灰管之后进入捞渣机最后被输送到捞渣池，在所述前灰管与后灰管连接拐角处设置J型阀，在所述后灰管与工作落灰管连接拐角处设置常开灰管阀，在所述J型阀中设置第一布风管，在所述常开灰管阀的前端设置第二布风管，所述第一布风管、第二布风管上均设置有若干出风小孔，还设置分别与第一布风管、第二布风管连接的压缩空气输送管道；当拐角处出现飞灰堆积时，在所述压缩空气输送管道中输入压缩空气，压缩空气经所述压缩空气输送管道分别输送到第一布风管及第二布风管中并从所述各个出风小孔中喷出从而吹散堆积的飞灰，使飞灰落入灰管中起清灰作用，确保灰管畅通；所述压缩空气输送管道包括管路以及按照空气流动的方向依次设置管道截止阀、电磁阀及减压阀，所述电磁阀间断性启停实现间断性吹灰。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统,其特征是，所述电磁阀打开2秒停60秒。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统,其特征是，所述第一布风管、第二布风管为金属管并在管上设置若干出风孔。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统,其特征是，在所述J型阀中还设置检修门。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统,其特征是，还设置检修用的旁通落灰管，所述旁通落灰管的上口与所述后灰管的下端连接而下口直接接入到捞渣池。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统,其特征是，在所述旁通落灰管中还设置第三布风管，所述第三布风管上设置有若干出风孔，所述第三布风管与压缩空气输送管道连接。
  7. 根据权利要求3或6所述的一种垃圾焚烧炉飞灰输送管道的空气吹灰控制系统,其特征是，所述出风孔直径为1.0-2.5mm。
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JPH07144184A (ja) * 1993-11-25 1995-06-06 Takuma Co Ltd 焼却炉ばいじんの処理方法
CN204141603U (zh) * 2014-08-12 2015-02-04 江阴博伦化纤有限公司 锅炉烟道的清灰装置
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