WO2020118385A1 - Système de propulsion de parachute sous-marin - Google Patents

Système de propulsion de parachute sous-marin Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020118385A1
WO2020118385A1 PCT/BA2019/000003 BA2019000003W WO2020118385A1 WO 2020118385 A1 WO2020118385 A1 WO 2020118385A1 BA 2019000003 W BA2019000003 W BA 2019000003W WO 2020118385 A1 WO2020118385 A1 WO 2020118385A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ship
pulleys
winch
parachutes
parachute
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BA2019/000003
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mario Smiljanić
Original Assignee
Smiljanic Mario
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Smiljanic Mario filed Critical Smiljanic Mario
Publication of WO2020118385A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020118385A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/30—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of non-rotary type
    • B63H1/32—Flaps, pistons, or the like, reciprocating in propulsive direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/001—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations
    • B63G2008/002—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned
    • B63G2008/005—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned remotely controlled
    • B63G2008/007—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned remotely controlled by means of a physical link to a base, e.g. wire, cable or umbilical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/30—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of non-rotary type
    • B63H1/34—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of non-rotary type of endless-track type
    • B63H2001/342—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of non-rotary type of endless-track type with tracks substantially parallel to propulsive direction

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an underwater vessel with a propeller, a parachute, an electric motor, a winch, a rope, an electric cable, a pulley, a crane and a navigational system, and according to International Patent Classification (IPC) is classified as B63G 8/16, B64D 17/00, H02K, B66D 1/46, D07B 1/00, H01B 3/28, B66D 3/04, B63B 27/10, H04B 7/185.
  • IPC International Patent Classification
  • the ship's resistance is a force which opposes the rectilinear movement of the ship at uniform speed.
  • the total ship's resistance can be divided into friction resistance, shape resistance, wave resistance and air resistance.
  • the ship's engine needs to deliver enormous power to the ship's propeller. Basically, the bigger the ship, the higher the required power of the engine.
  • enormous power is also needed because the propeller does not convert much of the power into the propulsive force of the ship, and much of the power is lost in the surge of water behind the ship which does not affect the movement of the ship.
  • maritime transport is the most efficient form of human and goods transport, ships are one of the biggest consumers of diesel fuel on planet Earth.
  • Hydrodynamics of the ship as a scientific discipline, when designing the ship, serves the shipbuilder to design the optimal hydrodynamic hull of the ship, which with the appropriate propulsion system allows the navigation of the ship with the most efficient degree of invested energy in the movement of the ship.
  • the hull of the ship or the shape of the ship with its shape and dimensions with the most favourable hydrodynamic characteristics must meet the requirements such as sufficient space for transport of people and goods, safe navigation properties, strength of structure, absorption of vibrations, etc.
  • bulbous bow so-called bulb bow structure into the construction of the front of the hull.
  • the bulb bow During sailing, the bulb bow generates a wave which interferes with the wave created by the rest of the bow structure and in that way decreases the total height of bow wave, decreases the total contact surface of the ship's hull and water which in the end decreases the total resistance of the ship and increases the efficiency of sailing. Also when colliding or hitting a reef, the bulb bow can serve for absorption of kinetic energy and can significantly increase the safety of the ship.
  • the ship's screw or propeller is most commonly used.
  • the ship's propeller, as the main propulsion instrument, is located at the stern of the ship.
  • the form of the ship's propeller affects the shape of the ship's hull since the hull must be of such a nature that it ensures a constant and unobstructed flow of liquid.
  • the primary property of the propeller is to generate lift force on its moving parts, that is, blades, which is then used as a thrust force to propel the ship.
  • the ship's propeller consists of a boss and blades.
  • Propellers with fixed blades that is, with fixed pitch, have the advantage of being significantly favourable, are less susceptible to failure, as a rule have a larger blade surface and, in the given conditions, have the highest degree of usability.
  • the advantage of propellers with changeable blade pitch is that it allows more efficient propulsion of a ship that operates on very variable occasions.
  • a propeller in the nozzle where the nozzle, by its hydrodynamic shape, serves to accelerate the water flowing to the propeller.
  • the mentioned propeller is used where the propulsion loads of the ship are big, and the navigational speed small.
  • hydrodynamic constructions which are installed to the stern of the ship immediately before the propeller, which, by their design and shape, allow more efficient flow of water to the blades of the propeller.
  • the ship's propeller is the most efficient propulsion means of generating propulsive force in a vessel, however, when the positive thrust factor for the purpose of navigation is excluded, the energy consumption is inefficient due to the fact that the propeller or propeller in the background of the ship generates a large movement of water not participating in the propulsion of the ship.
  • the primary goal of the invention is to create a ship's propulsion system which uses the parachute and the resistance of water in order to generate the ship's propulsion force.
  • the secondary goal of the invention is to enable simple and efficient activation of the innovative propulsion system of the ship.
  • the propeller derives the power required to generate the ship's propulsion force from the combustion of fossil fuels, which are an unsustainable source of energy.
  • the ship's propeller has relatively decreased coefficient of efficiency during the generation of ship's propulsion force because when creating propulsion force, the propeller generates a large movement. of water in the back of the ship which does not participate in overcoming the force during the movement of ship.
  • the idea is to enable a ship which will use the resistance of a parachute submerged into water to generate propulsion force by pulling the parachute toward or by the ship, in the opposite direction of the desired movement of the ship.
  • Basic parts of this underwater parachute propulsion system are unmanned underwater vessel with a propeller, electrical cable, pulley, ropes, parachutes, winches, electric motors, crane and navigational system.
  • the parts of the propulsion system directly responsible for generating propulsion force are connected by ropes to form a single column-shaped unit in a way that an unmanned underwater vessel is in the front, followed by pulley, parachutes and winches with associated electric motors.
  • the navigational system is an integrative part of autonomous underwater vessel which is operated from the ship's command bridge.
  • the parts of the propulsion system When in an inactive state, the parts of the propulsion system are located in the front part of the ship, the bow, on the deck or in the lower deck.
  • the crane which is aiso located on the bow of the ship is connected to the front parts of the system for a more efficient lowering and lifting of mentioned compatible parts into the water, that is, the sea..
  • the innovative ship's propulsion system is activated and controlled from the ship's command bridge and with the help of partial ship's crew located on the ship's bow.
  • the subject propulsion system functions as follows.
  • a command is issued from the command bridge for the launch of this innovative propulsion system, either automatically in the form of a software program or with the help of a crew
  • the ship's crane lifts an unmanned underwater vessel from the bow and lowers it into the water.
  • An unmanned or autonomous underwater vessel is a vessel without human crew, capable of moving underwater or sailing on the surface of the water, in a given direction and at a specified speed. Once it reaches the water, the unmanned vessel begins to move away from the ship in the direction the ship wants to sail.
  • the unmanned vessel uses a handle to pull a pulley over which it pulls two parachutes with rope, which are connected with the electric winches on the bow of the ship with the ropes. Every parachute is connected to its belonging electric winch, hydraulic or a winch with another propulsion means.
  • the electric winches alternately pull the parachutes towards the ship.
  • the other parachute is pulled away from the ship, that is, pulled towards the unmanned underwater vessel, and thus in repeated alternating cycles.
  • a parachute is a fabric device that creates the greatest possible resistance to fluid movement by its shape.
  • the parachute is connected with ropes to the rest of this innovative propulsion system .
  • the parachute is connected to an autonomous underwater vessel by a rope in such a way that the rope is tied to the central part of the parachute body.
  • the parachute is connected to an electric motor winch located on the bow of the ship by ropes in such a way that the ropes are primarily tethered to the peripheral part of the body of the parachute.
  • the parachute When an unmanned underwater vessel pulls the parachute from the ship, the parachute creates the least possible resistance to movement through the fluid as it is pulled from the center and thus provides a favourable hydrodynamic cross-section of the body of a parachute.
  • the parachute When the electric motor winch located on the bow of the ship pulls the parachute towards the ship, the parachute creates the greatest possible resistance to movement through the fluid as it is pulled around the perimeter of the body and thus, the parachute under the surface of the water takes the shape of the body with the greatest possible hydrodynamic resistance.
  • the speed at which the winch pulls the underwater parachute toward the ship plays a significant role in creating the movement resistance of the parachute itself.
  • This innovative ship propulsion system generates propulsive force and effective power on the ship, taking advantage of the difference between the ship's hydrodynamic resistance and the hydrodynamic resistance of the parachute drawn below the surface of the water towards the ship. It is useful to give an example, or a comparison, that explains the effect of resistance to the movement of a parachute or fabric device on the generation of a ship's propulsive force.
  • the parachute by its dimensions, shape and resistance to the force used to move it through the fluid in relation to the ship with which it interacts, simulates an effect, so-called Terra firm, that is, something that is firm and motionless.
  • Terra firm that is, something that is firm and motionless.
  • the mentioned propulsion system allows the ship significantly greater maneuverability because the shaft for the subject propulsion system is located at the front of the ship or the bow of the ship.
  • the latter principle works in such a way that the underwater vessel draws the parachute to a predetermined location in front of the ship in the direction of the desired navigation, then, unlike the two-parachute principle, the underwater vessel ceases to operate and immediately thereafter the electric winch located on the bow of the ship begins underwater draws the parachute toward the ship.
  • the mentioned cycle is repeated, and in this way the ship is given a propulsion system with efficient generation of the propulsive force of the ship.
  • the principle of this innovative propulsion system is stated, where the parachute is positioned in front of the ship and for the purpose of creating a propulsive force in the ship, the parachute is pulled towards the ship in the opposite direction of the desired direction of motion of the ship, however, an alternative principle is provided where parachutes are pulled by the side of the ship from the bow towards the stern of the ship for the purpose of generating a propulsive force on the ship.
  • the latter principle provides multiple configurations of the propulsion system element without leaving the essence of this innovative ship propulsion system.
  • the propulsion uses a winch that can be located at the front, middle or back of the ship and the propulsion engine that drives the pulley wheel.
  • the winch drives the parachutes along side of ship over a rope.
  • the rope with belonging parachutes attached to the side of the ship is positioned over pulleys that are attached to the outside of the ship.
  • the pulleys are positioned on the front, side and back of the ship in order to achieve the longest possible path of the parachute underwater, from the front to the back side of the ship for the purpose of creating ship's propulsion. Also, installation of pulleys lower down the vertical axis of the side of the ship or the formwork of the ship is provided, in order to achieve favourable immersion of the parachute into the water and propel it via rope with a winch located at a higher level than the water or sea level.
  • Parachutes move in a continuous circular path over the pulleys along the side of the ship between the front and the rear of the ship, or in such a way that the direction of movement of the parachute in two rows along the side of the ship from the bow to the stern of the ship and vice versa is synchronously reversed.
  • Parachutes always move from the front to the back by the side of the ship below the surface of the water for the purpose of creating a propulsive force.
  • parachutes from the back to the front of the ship, side by side may move above the water surface and below the water surface.
  • a parachute is the primary means of generating propulsive force through the creation of hydrodynamic resistance.
  • this innovative propulsion system can also use flat panels, that is rigid panels or curved panels for the purpose of creating hydrodynamic resistance in order to generate ship's propulsion.
  • the panels are located on the place provided for the parachutes with all integral connectors and parts with the rest of the propulsion system.
  • the panels move with the aim of minimizing resistance to movement, they are pulled by a rope that is attached to the ends of one side of the board or in one plane, which allows the panel to move through the medium with minimal resistance of the cross-sectional area of the panel.
  • the option is to attach one side of the panel to the sliding channels that are mounted on the side form-work of the ship.
  • the parachute also can use the sliding channels that are mounted on the side of the ship as a support and guide in one plane when pulled along the side of the ship.
  • Fig. 1 is a depiction of a parachute with the highest hydrodynamic resistance.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an open parachute interacting with a fluid.
  • Fig. 3 is a depiction of a parachute with the lowest hydrodynamic resistance.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a closed parachute interacting with a fluid.
  • Fig. 5 is a depiction of the interaction of an underwater parachute and a ship.
  • Fig. 6 is a depiction of the difference in hydrodynamic resistance between the parachute and the ship's hull.
  • Fig. 7 is a depiction of the difference in fluid interaction between the parachute and the ship's hull.
  • Fig. 8 is a depiction of the interaction of the crane and the winch with the electrical cable on the deck of the ship.
  • Fig. 9 is a depiction of a winch with ropes for pulling the parachute and the hole for ropes.
  • Fig. 10 is a depiction of an unmanned underwater vessel with associated elements.
  • Fig. 11 is a depiction of parts of the active ship propulsion system.
  • Fig. 12 is a depiction of a rotating propulsion parachute system on the side of a ship.
  • Fig. 13 is a top view of a rotary propulsion parachute system on the sides of a ship.
  • Fig. 14 is a depiction of an alternate propulsion parachute system on the side of the ship.
  • Fig. 15 is a top view of an alternating propulsion parachute system on the sides of a ship.
  • Fig.16 is a depiction of an alternating propulsion parachute system in one row on both sides of the ship.
  • parachute 1 The primary part of this innovative ship propulsion system is parachute 1, which is placed in the water or under the surface of the water when the ship propulsion system is activated.
  • a parachute is a device that by its shape and method of use increases resistance to movement through the fluid in which it is located. Most often the parachute is dome-shaped and made of strong and flexible fabric.
  • the open parachute 1 forms a concave shape with the aim that when moving through water, the parachute 1 must move as much water as possible and thus achieve the highest possible hydrodynamic resistance.
  • parachute 1 creates hydrodynamic resistance based on the speed at which it pulls toward the ship 2. Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig.
  • the closed parachute 1 forms a conical shape with the aim of creating as little hydrodynamic resistance as possible when moving through water.
  • the basic parts of the parachute 1 are the canvas 11 that makes up the parachute dome, the hubs 8, the ropes 12, the link 7, the link 9, the rope 5 and the rope 13.
  • Parachute 1 occupies an open position as shown in Fig. 1 when pulled toward ship 2 via rope 5, link 9, rope 12 and hub 8.
  • Arrow 14 shows the movement of the parachute 1 towards the ship.
  • Parachute 1 takes a closed or conical shape as shown in Fig. 3 when the unmanned underwater vessel 3 draws it from the ship 2 via the rope 13 and the link 7.
  • Arrow 15 shows the movement of the parachute 1 away from the ship 2. Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, there is a noticeable difference in the
  • Parachute 1 with its associated elements is made of materials characterized by exceptional durability, structural strength, flexibility, lightness, elasticity, resistance to water, resistance to the harmful effects of UV light, thermal resistance, etc.
  • Parachute 1 with associated elements and ropes may be made of polythene material such as Dyneema material or Dyneema fibers described in patent documents no. NL177840C, NL177759B, US4436689A and US4668717A.
  • parachute 1 and ropes can be made of kevlar material, aramid fibers, nylon material and various other synthetic materials. Metal elements can be used when making . ropes and parachutes, especially for parts such as links and hubs.
  • parachute 1 will constantly change the shape and load to which it is exposed during use. In addition to the structural strength and durability of the material, it is of the utmost importance that the parachute 1 in the open position, when exposed to the highest load, takes on a shape that will distribute the forces acting on the parachute evenly.
  • parachute 1 takes octagonal concave shape at maximum load. The shape of the parachute 1 to the greatest extent determines the number and locations, that is, hubs 8, where ropes 12 are connected to the canvas 11. As shown in Fig. 1, the parachute 1 has eight hubs 8 arranged evenly and circularly around the rim of the canvas 11.
  • a parachute with hubs 8 with associated ropes 12 can also be provided to be arranged in circular formations in several circles from the outer rim towards the centre of the canvas 11 with the aim of a more even load. Also, a possibility of an opening in the middle of the canvas with the goal of stabilization of underwater parachute movement is provided. In order to make the opening of parachute 1 easier and more accurate when pulling towards ship 2, it is possible to tether pieces of negative buoyancy on one part of the canvas 11, while affixing positively buoyant objects to the other part, in order to ensure the proper extension of parachute 1 under the sea in various situations.
  • the elements of the propulsion system are coated at the appropriate places with the so-called hydrophobic coating.
  • a hydrodynamic conical element on the rope 13 in front of the link 7 that serves as the cover of the parachute 1 when pulled in the direction 15 by the rope 13.
  • the conical element is a hollow, rigid structure with an opening at the top through which a rope 13 is drawn.
  • the opening at the top of the conical element with its size is designed in such a way that the link 7 cannot pass through it.
  • the opening at the bottom of the conical shape is made in such a way that the size ensures that the parachute 1 is pulled unhindered from the conical element when pulled by the rope 5.
  • Fig. 5 the basic principle of this innovative propulsion system is shown, where ship 2, by dragging parachute 1 below the water surface, generates a propulsion force based on the difference of hydrodynamic resistance that exists at that moment between ship 2 and parachute 1.
  • the parachute 1 When the parachute 1 is pulled by the ship 2, the parachute generates, with its interior side, higher f
  • the force generated by the parachute 1 is transmitted through rope 5 to the ship 2 where the resistance of the parachute 1 is transformed into the driving force of the ship 2.
  • Arrow 10 shows the direction of movement of the ship 2 while arrow 14 shows the direction of movement or the direction of movement in the efforts of the parachute 1.
  • This innovative ship propulsion system of ship 2 by pulling parachute 1 generates more movement resistance in parachute 1 when pulling towards ship 2 compared to the current resistance of movement of ship 2, which results in the generation of propulsion force in ship 2.
  • Parachute 1 generates hydrodynamic resistance to movement through its dimension, shape and speed of movement through fluid.
  • the dimensions of the parachute 1 are determined by the size of the ship or the hydrodynamic resistance of the ship. The greater the hull resistance of the ship, the larger the parachute. The higher resistance of the parachute compared to the resistance of the ship generates a propulsion force of the ship pulling the parachute.
  • the shape of the parachute 1 as well as the dimensions of the parachute are determined by the structural characteristics of the fabric or the material of which the parachute is made, with its associated elements.
  • FIG. 7 a cross-section of a parachute 1 and ship 2 interacting with a fluid is shown, illustrating the difference in hydrodynamic resistance and the amount of fluid motion that affect the shapes shown differently.
  • the concave shape of the parachute 1 and its interaction with the fluid can in one part be described by comparing it with the interaction of the water turbine blade and the flow of fluid or water flow.
  • force is generated at the expense of the parachute 1 being pulled by the ship 2 and the resistance to movement created by the parachute 1.
  • the hydrodynamic profile of ship 2 is significantly more favourable in terms of less hydrodynamic resistance.
  • the law of conservation of mass reads: The mass m of the material volume is a constant. Fluid density is 1030 kg/m 3 for seawater, 1000 kg/m 3 for fresh water.
  • the law of conservation of the amount of motion reads The rate of change in the amount of motion of a material volume is equal to the sum of the external mass and surface forces acting on the material volume.
  • the law of conservation of momentum of the amount of motion reads The rate of change of momentum of the amount of motion of a material volume is equal to the sum of the moments of external mass and surface forces acting on the material volume.
  • the law of conservation of energy reads: The rate of change of the kinetic and internal energy of the material volume is equal to the power of the external mass and surface forces and the speed of the delivery and removal of heat transfer to the material volume.
  • the law of increasing entropy refers to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, that is, the tendency of the system to move from a more ordered state to a less ordered state.
  • Fluid mechanics is a scientific field that studies the state of fluids in motion. Fluid flow is the movement of fluid that describes the motion of its particles. There are two types of fluid flow, stationary and turbulent flow. Stationary flow is where each particle passing through the observation point follows the same current line as the previous particle. Turbulent flow is where the stationary flow condition is not met. Fluid flow is also defined by fluid flow, which is defined as the volume of fluid that passes through a surface in a unit of time. According to the continuity equation, the flow velocity changes during the change of pipe cross section through which the fluid flows. Fluid velocity is higher in a narrower tube. According to the Bernoulli equation, where the velocity of the fluid is higher, the pressure is lower.
  • the velocity of the fluid flowing through the opening of the vessel in which the fluid is located is the same as that of the fluid or liquid freely falling from a height h which is level with the surface of the fluid contained in the vessel.
  • the viscosity or coefficient of internal friction is the friction resulting from fluid flow due to the different speed of motion of its layers.
  • the cause of viscosity are the intermolecular cohesion forces in the fluid and the adhesion forces between the fluid and the rigid body around and through which the flow takes place.
  • fluid is divided into an ideal and a real fluid.
  • An ideal fluid is a fluid without internal friction.
  • Real fluid is a fluid with internal friction as a result of intermolecular cohesion forces.
  • fluid with internal friction exists when moving a solid through a fluid.
  • the viscous internal friction force acts in the opposite direction to the fluid flow. Viscous friction exists between any two layers in a fluid moving at different speeds, and the friction force depends on the difference in velocity between the observed layers, their contact surface and the type of fluid. According to Stokes' law, the force of resistance of the motion of a ball through real fluid is proportional to the speed of motion, the radius of the ball and the viscosity of the fluid.
  • Tensile force is the force that occurs in the rope by which the force action is transmitted.
  • the direction of the tensile force is always along the tightened rope and its direction is from the body that caused the tightening.
  • Two tensile forces always occur in the rope acting on the bodies at opposite ends of the rope. Referring to Fig. 5, the forces of hydrodynamic resistance of parachute 1 and ship 2 act along the rope 5.
  • the tensile force 5 is applied to the rope 5.
  • rope 5 will act on ship 2 by the same force and in the same direction but in the opposite heading. Also, the rope 5 acts by the same tensile force on parachute 1, which according to the law acts by the same force on rope 5.
  • Newton's Third Law states: For every force of action acting on a body, there is also a reaction force.
  • the reaction force is of the same power and direction as the force of action, but of the opposite heading. This law is also called the law of action and reaction.
  • ship 2 exerts a certain force (action) on the parachute 1 which acts with the same force (reaction) on ship 2.
  • the intensity of the force is the same as the direction of action but in the opposite heading. It is important to note that these forces are not mutually canceling.
  • These forces operate in different reference systems, which are related to the body that made the action and the body that made the reaction. Accordingly, although the reciprocal action force between ship 2 and parachute 1 is the same, this innovative propulsion system generates a propulsive force on the ship 2 because the medium hydrodynamic resistance of the parachute 1 is greater than the medium hydrodynamic resistance of the ship 2.
  • parachute 1 generates a force which is demonstrated in ship 2 as a propulsive force of the ship in accordance with the stated laws of physics
  • the reader of this presumed innovative finding is offered a thought experiment or a thought sequence of events. It is suggested to the reader to imagine a situation where a ship moves at a speed of 30 nautical miles and the reader, throws a parachute of certain dimensions attached to the ship from the stern or from the rear of the ship. In contact with the sea, due to hydrodynamic forces, the parachute very quickly, takes its shape which generates the greatest possible resistance to movement. In the mentioned situation, the parachute generates a large force that strongly slows the movement of the ship.
  • the parachute inhibits the ship by the force generated by the hydrodynamic resistance of the parachute.
  • a parachute is in the sea in front of a ship at a certain distance and where that parachute by the ship seeks to move at a speed of 30 nautical miles.
  • the parachute generates a large force which is demonstrated as a propulsive force on the ship which pulls the parachute.
  • the forces acting on the ship are the same.
  • the primary force transfer element of this innovative propulsion system is the rope.
  • the rope used for the said application is preferably characterized by extreme durability, high strength, flexibility, elasticity, low jerk reaction during possible bursting of the rope, abrasion resistance, moisture resistance, thermal resistance, ability to float on water, resistance to UV radiation and various chemicals that can be found on board, etc.
  • the ropes which will be used by this innovative propulsion system can be compared to the ropes used in towing large ships. If required, beside synthetic and natural fibres, the rope may be made of other materials such as iron, steel, aluminium, etc.
  • a cranel7 is installed on the bow or deck of ship 2, which raises and lowers elements of this innovative propulsion system.
  • a crane is a technical device with a cyclic action designed to move objects.
  • the basic components of the crane 17 are the base of the structure which is mounted on the deck of the ship 2, telescopic arms, cargo winch, rope, hook and control operating unit.
  • the crane can be driven by electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, a combination of the above, or some other form of drive mechanism.
  • the primary function of the crane 17 is to lower parts of this innovative propulsion system through the catch hook 18 and the electric cable 20, to lower into the sea and to lift from the sea.
  • Crane 17 is located on the deck of the bow of ship 2. The position of the crane 17 is determined by the width of the bow of the deck by the central position of the winch 19 and the side of the ship.
  • Figure 8 shows a crane 17 installed relative to the right side of the ship (starboard side).
  • the ideal location to accommodate crane 17 is as close to the side of the ship as possible, and simultaneously slightly ahead of winch 19. This location allows the crape to lower and lift elements of the propulsion system from the side of the ship, which is a safe and efficient way.
  • the function of the crane 17 is to position the cable 20 when raising and lowering parts of this innovative propulsion system.
  • the hook 18 of the crane 17 engages an electrical cable 20 through which the crane 17 is interacting with the winch 19 to primarily raise and lower the unmanned underwater vessel 3.
  • the winch 19 raises, lowers and pulls through the rope or cable 20 an underwater vessel 3 which pulls a pulley 6 over the handle 21 through which edge the rope 13 is transferred which performs the operation of pulling the parachute 1 over the link 7.
  • This configuration allows the winch 19 to efficiently lower parts of the propulsion system through the crane 17 into the sea when it activates the system and to pull and pull it out of the sea when the system is deactivated.
  • the winch is a mechanical device that basically consists of a drive mechanism and a roller on which a rope is wound. By winding and unwinding a rope tied to the roller on one end, the winch pulls, raises, releases or lowers the object that is tied to the other end of the rope.
  • winch 4 was installed on the deck of the bow of ship 2.
  • the winch 4 consists of two electric motors 22 and 23 and two rollers 24 and 25 with associated ropes 5. Each winch roller 4 is integrated with the associated electric motor, so the roller 24 is driven by the electric motor 22 and the roller 25 is driven by the electric motor 23.
  • the rollers 24 and 25 of the winch 4 are wound with the associated ropes 5.
  • the operation of the electric motors 22 and 23 of the winch 4 is synchronized in such a way that the electric motor 22 by the roller 24 performs the winding action of the associated rope 5, while the electric motor 23 by the roller 25 performs the release action of the related rope 5.
  • a rope opening 26 with an integrated fair leads rollers was constructed. Both ropes 5 are pulled through the mentioned opening.
  • the purpose of the rope hole 26 with the integrated fair leads roller is to minimize abrasion on the ropes 5 when operating this innovative propulsion system.
  • the winch 4 with the described parachute pulling function 1 can be made with one or more rollers, with one or more electric drive motors.
  • the drive mechanism of the winch 4 can be made on the basis of hydraulic, pneumatic or any other type of motor drive.
  • the winch can be made with a gearbox, a reductor, a brake, etc.
  • the winch 4 is equipped with sensors that measure the strain force on the drive mechanism and if the set limit is reached, the winch reduces winding force or controlled release of the rope. Such a situation can occur when sailing in bad weather where we have large translational and rotational movements of the ship.
  • the elements of this innovative propulsion system when activated and deactivated, are controlled by a remote control by a trained crew member on board the bow of the ship.
  • the remote control is operated in interaction with the ship's command bridge.
  • manual work of crew members is expected when activating and deactivating the system in the form of connecting and disconnecting elements of this innovative propulsion system during lifting and lowering.
  • the ship propulsion system in question is comprised of the aforementioned elements or parts that are connected to the column via the links and hooks located on the ropes 13 and 5.
  • the winch 4 leaves sufficient of unwound ropes 5 for the crane 17 to properly drop the parachutes over the fence and lower them to the designated position on the deck of the ship 2.
  • the elements are lined up in a column, as shown in the description of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 an unmanned underwater vessel 3 with associated elements is shown.
  • the primary function of underwater vessel 3 is to tow the parachutes 1 on a designated place in front of ship 2 during activation of this innovative propulsion system.
  • the basic parts of the unmanned underwater vessel 3 are the propeller, the electric motor, the hydrodynamic steering rudder 28, the navigation system and the control management unit.
  • the mentioned vessel is known as a ROV (eng: Remotely Operated Vehicle).
  • Underwater vessel 3 with elements of this propulsion system is connected to handle 21 and electrical cable 20.
  • the handle 21 serves to hold the pulley 6 in a horizontal position with the option of a possible angular deviation of up to 45 ° with respect to the vessel 3 and the winches 4 depending on which row of the parachute is towed towards the vessel 3.
  • the handle 21 may be made in two arms that extend away from each other with pulleys at the ends in order to distance the two rows of the parachute 1 from each other on the rope 13.
  • the underwater vessel 3 pulls, that is, tows pulley 6 by which, in interaction with the winch, the underwater vessel 3 alternately pulls and holds the parachutes 1 at a predetermined location in front of the ship 2 according to the direction and speed of navigation.
  • the propeller of an unmanned underwater vessel 3 is driven by an electric motor, which is supplied with electricity through cable 20.
  • the design of the unmanned underwater vessel 3 was constructed without heavy batteries, allowing significantly less vessel mass 3 and a more efficient use of energy while keeping the elements of the propulsion system ahead of ship 2 in navigation.
  • the unmanned underwater vessel 3 is operated by the ship's command bridge 2 via cable 20 with the option of wireless control.
  • the cable 20 and the unmanned vessel 3 are equipped with light signalization.
  • the direction, location and speed of the underwater vessel 3 is controlled by a navigation system (GPS), which is an integrated control element on the bridge and underwater vessel 3.
  • GPS navigation system
  • Hydrodynamic resistance of an unmanned underwater vessel is suitable because the underwater vessel is simply constructed and consists of an electric motor housing with an associated propeller and a control rudder with vertical and horizontal hydrodynamic wings.
  • the pulley 6 drawn by the underwater vessel 3 is provided with a hydrodynamic accessory 27 which reduces the resistance of the pulley 6 and keeps the rope 13 securely against the rim of the pulley 6.
  • Unmanned underwater vessel 3, as a body immersed in fluid has the same density as the fluid in which it is located, which results in vessel 3 floating in the fluid, that is, has a neutral buoyancy.
  • the mass of the body of vessel 3 is equal to the density of fluid at a depth at which it is intended that vessel 3 performs the function of pulling or towing parts of this propulsion system.
  • vessel 3 The movement of vessel 3 underwater is determined with the aim of minimizing the influence of surface fluid excitation and external weather conditions on the vessel. As most of the hydrodynamic section of underwater vessel 3 is made by the propeller, the fact that navigation takes place underwater does not present a significant added resistance to movement. Vessel 3 is intended to be fitted with ballast tanks to control the buoyancy of the vessel more precisely. A possibility is also envisaged that vessel 3 can navigate the surface of the water or navigate on a positive buoyancy. In order to maintain stable longitudinal motion and trim of the vessel at zero, vessel 3 makes constant adjustments with rudder 28 based on the set sailing parameters and the built-in gyroscope. In certain sailing situations, when it is desirable that there is nothing in front of the ship and the propulsion system in question is active, vessel 3. has the maneuverability to move from the position in front of the ship to the position adjacent to the ship. The maneuver can be done manually by steering vessel 3 from the ship's command bridge and automatically given that the position of the unmanned vessel 3 in relation to ship 2 is known at all times.
  • This innovative ship's propulsion system is activated by control signals from the ship's control bridge and by a crew on board the ship. Activation of the innovative propulsion system is done by lowering the underwater vessel 3 into the sea with crane 17, sailing the vessel 3 with the associated pulley 6 in front of the ship 2 to a given location in the direction of the desired navigation of the ship 2, which thereby pulls the parachutes 1 to an adequate distance in front of the ship 2 and through activation of winches 4 and 19 which unwind the associated ropes.
  • the mentioned primary parts of this propulsion system are connected in such a way that they form a column when the said propulsion system is active.
  • an unmanned underwater vessel 3 followed by a pulley 6, two parachutes 1, an opening 26, a winch 4, a crane 17 and a winch 19. All mentioned parts of this propulsion system that make up the column are connected to the ropes.
  • the first action is performed by a crane 17 which, through the hook 18 and the rope 20, raises the unmanned underwater vessel 3 from the deck of the ship 2 and lowers the vessel 3 into the sea across the side of the ship.
  • the crane 17 lifts the underwater vessel 3 in interaction with the winch 19, which by tightening the rope 20 allows the crane 17 to lift and then by controlled release of the rope 20 it moves over the deck and lowers the vessel 3 down the side of the ship 2 into the sea.
  • the vessel 3 When the unmanned underwater vessel 3 is in the water or in the sea, the vessel 3 starts a controlled navigation toward the predetermined location in front of the ship 2 in the direction of the desired navigation route. Moving away from ship 2, underwater vessel 3 pulls parachutes 1 through the associated pulley 6. In the initial parallel draw, both parachutes 1 are pulled by rope 13 over the link 7, resulting in both parachutes 1 in their relative conical shape, which provides the least possible hydrodynamic resistance to parachute movement. When vessel 3 reaches a predetermined location in front of the ship, the rollers 24 and 25 of the winch 4 begin to wind up the ropes 5 alternately and synchronously, and in alternating continuity pull the parachutes 1 towards the ship for the purpose of creating a ship propulsion.
  • Synchronized rope winding by first one and then the second roller of the winch 4 results in alternating pulling of first one and then the second parachute 1 under water towards ship 2 or first one and then the second row of parachutes 1 toward the ship 2.
  • the alternate pulling of the left and right parachutes 1 towards ship 2 generates a continuous propulsion force at ship 2.
  • a variant is provided where, with the possibility of multiple configurations of propulsion elements, the parachutes are pulled adjacent to the ship with the purpose of creating a ship's propulsion force.
  • the side of the ship 2 is shown with an integrated propulsion system with associated parachutes 1 suspended over shorter ropes 30 to a single main rope 29 driven via pulleys 31 and 33 connected to the drive element.
  • the propulsion system as shown in Fig.12 and Fig.13 is substantially similar to the principle we have on cable cars or funiculars with the basic difference being that parachutes are pulled instead of cabins.
  • the propulsion force is created by the total resistance of the parachutes 1 when they are immersed in water and pulled along the side of the ship from the front to the rear of the ship, or when they are drawn from the pulley 33 towards the pulley 31.
  • the parachutes 1 are pulled from the pulley 31 to the pulley 33, the parachutes 1 are out of water and are supported by rotating supports 32 or towed through a pipe, both mounted on the side of the ship.
  • Carriers or a pipe have the goal of minimizing the external impact on parachutes while exposed to atmospheric conditions.
  • the rope 30 by which the parachute 1 is tethered to the drive rope 29 is made in several arms tied to the ends of the parachute and has the function of pulling and raising the parachute from the water without raising water thanks to a solution where the upper arm of the rope 30 is shorter than the lower resulting in the upper part of the parachute being the first to rise from the water.
  • the rope 30 also allows the drive pulleys 31 and 33 to transfer the driving force to the rope 29 freely, since parachutes 1 are suspended on the rope 29.
  • Fig.13 is a depiction of both sides of the ship 2 with integrated propulsion system in function where we can see on both sides of the ship two rows of parachute 1 on the rope 29, the inner row of the parachute represents the parachute when out of water and when pulled from pulley 31 to pulley 33 while the outer row of the parachute represents the parachute when under the surface of the water and when pulled from pulley 33 to pulley 31.
  • the configuration of the propulsion elements is shown where the parachutes 1 over the rope 29 are pulled in both directions underwater between the pulleys 34 and 35.
  • the parachutes 1 on the rope 29 form two rows of parachutes on both sides of the ship 2 that alternately pull from pulley 34 to pulley 35 and vice versa.
  • the carrier of the pulley 34 is constructed in such a way that it can be rotated about a given axis up to 180 which allows two rows of parachute 1 on the rope 29 to alternate between the outer and inner rows of the parachute 1 based on the direction of movement of the parachute between the front and rear of the ship 2.
  • Fig. 15 is a representation of two rows of a parachute 1 on both sides of a ship 2 where ropes 29 on either side of the ship are drawn directly through the winch 36 over two rollers and the drive assembly.
  • the pulley 35 is made in two wheels for rope 29 in two rows of parachute 1.
  • a propulsion force is created by pulling along the edge of the canvas of the parachute 1 on both sides of the ship in the first row and then in the second row of the parachute 1 towards the back of the ship 2.
  • the row of the parachute 1 drawn towards the stern of the ship 2 by means of a rotating pulley 34 always forms the outer row of the parachute relative to the inner row of the parachute moving with minimal resistance toward the front of the ship.
  • pulley 34 vertically at a higher level on the side of the ship, that is, above the water surface and with a longer rope 29, it is possible to pull the parachutes 1 above the water surface from pulleys 35 to pulleys 34.
  • a configuration of propulsion elements which on rope 29 form one row of parachutes 1 on each side of the ship 2 is shown. Over ropes 29 and pulleys 37 and 38, both rows of the parachute 1 on both sides of the ship 2 form a single unit driven by a winch 39 with one associated roller.
  • the propulsion force is generated by pulling the parachutes 1 over the perimeter of the canvas of the parachute from the front to the rear of the ship 2, with that, in the configuration as shown in Fig.16, when the row of the parachutes 1 underwater on the left side of the ship is pulled towards the pulley 38, simultaneously, the row of the parachutes 1 underwater to the right of the ship is drawn towards the pulley 37 with minimal resistance across the centre of the canvas.
  • the stated movement of the parachute 1 is repeated in alternating cycles.
  • the invention provides an efficient ship propulsion system that generates a ship's propulsion force without unnecessarily spending energy to move the water whose displacement does not participate in the generation of the propulsion.
  • the innovative underwater parachute propulsion system consists of parts that can be easily integrated into one unit and installed on board with the aim of simply lowering the intended system parts into the water when activating the propulsion system and raising the system parts when

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de propulsion de parachute sous-marin qui est constitué d'un navire sans équipage (3), d'une poulie (6), d'une corde (13), de parachutes (1), de cordes (5), d'un treuil (4), d'une grue (17) et d'un bateau (2). L'idée est d'avoir un bateau qui va pour la génération d'une force de propulsion utiliser la résistance d'un parachute immergé sous l'eau lorsqu'il est tiré en direction du bateau, dans la direction opposée à la direction de mouvement souhaitée du bateau. Ce système de propulsion de bateau génère une force de propulsion dans le bateau, tirant parti de la différence entre la résistance hydrodynamique du bateau et la résistance hydrodynamique du parachute tiré sous la surface de l'eau en direction du bateau.
PCT/BA2019/000003 2018-12-12 2019-12-02 Système de propulsion de parachute sous-marin WO2020118385A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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BABAP183295A 2018-12-12
BA183295 2018-12-12

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WO2020118385A1 true WO2020118385A1 (fr) 2020-06-18

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Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US273930A (en) * 1883-03-13 Hydraulic motor
US464621A (en) * 1891-12-08 Propulsion of vessels
US4436689A (en) 1981-10-17 1984-03-13 Stamicarbon B.V. Process for the production of polymer filaments having high tensile strength
NL177759B (nl) 1979-06-27 1985-06-17 Stamicarbon Werkwijze ter vervaardiging van een polyetheendraad, en de aldus verkregen polyetheendraad.
US4668717A (en) 1984-09-28 1987-05-26 Stamicarbon B.V. Process for the continuous preparation of homogeneous solutions of high molecular polymers
CN86108352A (zh) * 1986-12-05 1987-07-22 王济堂 降落伞推进器和降落伞推进船舶
CN86108768A (zh) * 1986-12-26 1987-08-12 王济堂 降落伞推进潜水艇
CN2042819U (zh) * 1988-08-05 1989-08-16 王济堂 伞帆推进船舶和伞帆式发电装置
NL177840C (nl) 1979-02-08 1989-10-16 Stamicarbon Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een polyetheendraad.
GB2461539A (en) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-06 Raymond William Dent Human propelled boat powered by movement of a collapsible element within a submerged tube
CN102476701A (zh) * 2010-11-22 2012-05-30 褚凤红 一种机动船节能装置

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US273930A (en) * 1883-03-13 Hydraulic motor
US464621A (en) * 1891-12-08 Propulsion of vessels
NL177840C (nl) 1979-02-08 1989-10-16 Stamicarbon Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een polyetheendraad.
NL177759B (nl) 1979-06-27 1985-06-17 Stamicarbon Werkwijze ter vervaardiging van een polyetheendraad, en de aldus verkregen polyetheendraad.
US4436689A (en) 1981-10-17 1984-03-13 Stamicarbon B.V. Process for the production of polymer filaments having high tensile strength
US4668717A (en) 1984-09-28 1987-05-26 Stamicarbon B.V. Process for the continuous preparation of homogeneous solutions of high molecular polymers
CN86108352A (zh) * 1986-12-05 1987-07-22 王济堂 降落伞推进器和降落伞推进船舶
CN86108768A (zh) * 1986-12-26 1987-08-12 王济堂 降落伞推进潜水艇
CN2042819U (zh) * 1988-08-05 1989-08-16 王济堂 伞帆推进船舶和伞帆式发电装置
GB2461539A (en) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-06 Raymond William Dent Human propelled boat powered by movement of a collapsible element within a submerged tube
CN102476701A (zh) * 2010-11-22 2012-05-30 褚凤红 一种机动船节能装置

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