WO2020114255A1 - 重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器 - Google Patents

重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2020114255A1
WO2020114255A1 PCT/CN2019/119809 CN2019119809W WO2020114255A1 WO 2020114255 A1 WO2020114255 A1 WO 2020114255A1 CN 2019119809 W CN2019119809 W CN 2019119809W WO 2020114255 A1 WO2020114255 A1 WO 2020114255A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glass
tio
sio
lanthanum flint
heavy lanthanum
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/119809
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
匡波
Original Assignee
成都光明光电股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 成都光明光电股份有限公司 filed Critical 成都光明光电股份有限公司
Priority to JP2021532249A priority Critical patent/JP7311603B2/ja
Publication of WO2020114255A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020114255A1/zh
Priority to JP2023111446A priority patent/JP2023134579A/ja

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
    • C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
    • C03C3/068—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron containing rare earths
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of optical glass, and particularly relates to a heavy lanthanum flint glass and its prefabricated parts, optical elements and optical instruments.
  • Heavy lanthanum flint glass with refractive index (nd) of 1.86-1.92 and Abbe number (vd) of 25-30 is widely used in the lens of precision optical instruments. These heavy lanthanum flint glass can meet the requirements of modern precision molding process, However, the existing heavy lanthanum flint glass has a higher refractive index temperature coefficient.
  • the refractive index of optical glass is a function of temperature.
  • the change in refractive index caused by unit temperature is the temperature coefficient of glass refractive index. It is a key performance parameter that measures the influence of temperature on the refractive index of optical glass. When the temperature rises, the glass expands by heat The density is reduced and the refractive index is decreased.
  • the existing heavy lanthanum flint glass has a high crystallization upper limit temperature, the glass has poor stability during high-temperature processing, and the thermal processing process is difficult, which limits its range of use.
  • the current high-density and high-color heavy lanthanum flint glass can not meet people's requirements for light and miniaturized instruments and equipment and high transmittance.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a heavy lanthanum flint glass with a refractive index (nd) of 1.86 to 1.92 and an Abbe number (vd) of 25-30, which can meet the requirements of precision instruments.
  • nd refractive index
  • vd Abbe number
  • the invention further provides preforms, optical elements and optical instruments made from the heavy lanthanum flint glass.
  • Heavy lanthanum flint glass contains, by weight %: SiO 2 : 12-30%, Ln 2 O 3 : 10-25%, the Ln 2 O 3 is La 2 O 3 , Gd 2 O 3 , Y 2 O The total content of 3 and Yb 2 O 3 , TiO 2 +Nb 2 O 5 +WO 3 +Bi 2 O 3 : 10.5%-40%, B 2 O 3 :0-10%, RO: 20-35%, said RO is one or more of BaO, CaO, MgO and SrO, ZrO 2 : 0.5-10%, where (SiO 2 +TiO 2 )/(B 2 O 3 +Nb 2 O 5 ) is 1-30.
  • the above-mentioned heavy lanthanum flint glass further contains, by weight %: Rn 2 O: 0-8%, and the Rn 2 O is one or more of Li 2 O, Na 2 O and K 2 O Species, Sb 2 O 3 : 0-1%, ZnO: 0-7%, Ta 2 O 5 : 0-10%, Al 2 O 3 : 0-10%.
  • Heavy lanthanum flint glass consists of 12-30% SiO 2 and 10-25% Ln 2 O 3 in terms of % by weight.
  • the Ln 2 O 3 is La 2 O 3 , Gd 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3
  • the Rn 2 O is Li 2 O, Na 2 O and K 2 O
  • each component satisfies one or more of the following four situations:
  • B 2 O 3 /TiO 2 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1;
  • BaO/B 2 O 3 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 70;
  • the aforementioned heavy lanthanum flint glass wherein: SiO 2 : 15-25%, and/or Ln 2 O 3 : 12-22%, and/or TiO 2 +Nb 2 O 5 +WO 3 +Bi 2 O 3 : 17-33%, and/or RO: 22-32%, and/or ZrO 2 : 2-8%, and/or B 2 O 3 : 0.5-6%, and/or Rn 2 O: 0.5- 6%, and/or Sb 2 O 3 : 0-0.5%, and/or ZnO: 0-5%, and/or Ta 2 O 5 : 0-5%, and/or Al 2 O 3 : 0-5 %.
  • each component satisfies one or more of the following five situations:
  • B 2 O 3 /TiO 2 is 0.02-0.4;
  • BaO/B 2 O 3 is 3.6-64;
  • SiO 2 +TiO 2 is 30-50%
  • B 2 O 3 /SiO 2 is 0.02-0.4.
  • the aforementioned heavy lanthanum flint glass wherein: SiO 2 : 18-23%, and/or Ln 2 O 3 : 13-18%, and/or TiO 2 +Nb 2 O 5 +WO 3 +Bi 2 O 3 : 22-31%, and/or RO: 23-30%, and/or ZrO 2 : 2-6%, and/or B 2 O 3 : 1-4%, and/or Rn 2 O: 1- 5%, and/or Sb 2 O 3 : 0-0.2%, and/or ZnO: 0-3%, and/or Ta 2 O 5 free , and/or Al 2 O 3 free .
  • each component satisfies one or more of the following five situations:
  • B 2 O 3 /TiO 2 is 0.02-0.23;
  • BaO/B 2 O 3 is 5-30;
  • SiO 2 +TiO 2 is 37-50%
  • B 2 O 3 /SiO 2 is 0.02-0.34.
  • the aforementioned heavy lanthanum flint glass wherein: TiO 2 : 10-30%, and/or Nb 2 O 5 : 0.5-10%; preferably, TiO 2 : 15-25%, and/or Nb 2 O 5 : 2-8%; more preferably, TiO 2 : 19-24%, and/or Nb 2 O 5 : 3-7%.
  • the aforementioned heavy lanthanum flint glass wherein: La 2 O 3 : 10-25%, and/or BaO: 20-35%, and/or Na 2 O: 0-8%; preferably, La 2 O 3 : 12-22%, and/or BaO: 22-32%, and/or Na 2 O: 0.5-6%; more preferably, La 2 O 3 : 13-18%, and/or BaO: 23- 30%, and/or Na 2 O: 1-5%.
  • the aforementioned heavy lanthanum flint glass has a ⁇ 70 of 450 nm or less, preferably 440 nm or less, and more preferably 430 nm or less; its ⁇ 5 is 390 nm or less, preferably 385 nm or less, more preferably 380 nm or less; density ( ⁇ ) 4.5g/cm 3 or less, preferably 4.3g/cm 3 or less, more preferably 4.25g/cm 3 or less; upper limit temperature of crystallization is 1200°C or less, preferably 1180°C or less; temperature coefficient of refractive index is 2.4 ⁇ 10 -6 /°C or lower, preferably 2.3 ⁇ 10 -6 /°C or lower.
  • the aforementioned heavy lanthanum flint glass has a refractive index (nd) of 1.86-1.92, preferably 1.86-1.91, more preferably 1.87-1.90; and an Abbe number (vd) of 25-30, preferably 25-29 , More preferably 26-29.
  • the aforementioned heavy lanthanum flint glass has a transition temperature (T g ) of 720° C. or less, preferably 710° C. or less, and more preferably 705° C. or less; water resistance stability (D W ) is 2 or more, preferably Class 1; acid resistance stability (D A ) is class 2 or more, preferably class 1.
  • T g transition temperature
  • D W water resistance stability
  • D A acid resistance stability
  • the glass preform is made of the aforementioned heavy lanthanum flint glass.
  • the optical element is made of the aforementioned heavy lanthanum flint glass or glass preform.
  • Optical instruments are made using the aforementioned optical elements.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that, through a reasonable composition ratio, the heavy lanthanum flint glass has excellent refractive index temperature coefficient, crystallization upper limit temperature, ⁇ 70 , ⁇ while ensuring the required refractive index and Abbe number 5 and chemical stability and other properties, suitable for popularization and application in precision instruments that require high transmittance, high imaging quality, and small thermal aberration.
  • each glass component refers to the weight content, expressed in weight %, which is the weight of a certain component or several groups
  • weight % is the weight of a certain component or several groups
  • the sum of the weights of the points accounts for the percentage of the total weight of the optical glass; the ratio of each glass component, or the sum of several components, is the ratio of the corresponding weight content or the weight content after the sum.
  • the heavy lanthanum flint glass of the present invention contains, by weight %: SiO 2 : 12-30%, Ln 2 O 3 : 10-25%, the Ln 2 O 3 is La 2 O 3 , Gd 2 O 3 , The total content of Y 2 O 3 and Yb 2 O 3 , TiO 2 +Nb 2 O 5 +WO 3 +Bi 2 O 3 : 10.5-40%, B 2 O 3 :0-10%, RO: 20-35% , The RO is one or more of BaO, CaO, MgO and SrO, ZrO 2 : 0.5-10%, where (SiO 2 +TiO 2 )/(B 2 O 3 +Nb 2 O 5 ) is 1 -30.
  • SiO 2 is a network-forming body of glass and is a main component constituting a glass skeleton.
  • the content of SiO 2 is closely related to the crystallization resistance, transmittance, refractive index and dispersion of glass. If its content is less than 12%, the refractive index and dispersion of the glass do not meet the design expectations, and at the same time the devitrification resistance and transmittance of the glass will be greatly reduced; if its content is higher than 30%, the solubility and resistance of the glass Crystallization performance will decrease, and the refractive index and dispersion will not meet the design expectations. Therefore, in the present invention, the content of SiO 2 is set to 12-30%, preferably 15-25%, further preferably 18-23%.
  • B 2 O 3 is also a glass network forming component and is an optional component in the present invention.
  • the introduction of B 2 O 3 can improve the glass meltability and resistance to devitrification, but when its introduction exceeds 10%, the glass-forming stability decreases and the refractive index decreases, so
  • the content of B 2 O 3 is set to 0-10%, preferably 0.5-6%, further preferably 1-4%.
  • SiO 2 and B 2 O 3 not only have their own unique functions, but also affect each other's glass formation stability and glass transition temperature (T g ).
  • T g glass transition temperature
  • the B 2 O 3 /SiO 2 ratio is set to 0.02-0.4, more preferably 0.02-0.34.
  • the rare earth oxides Ln 2 O 3 (La 2 O 3 , Gd 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 and Yb 2 O 3 ) help to increase the refractive index of the glass.
  • the total content Ln 2 O 3 of La 2 O 3 , Gd 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 and Yb 2 O 3 is set to 10-25%, preferably 12-22%, and more preferably 13-18%.
  • the rare earth oxide of the present invention may contain 10-25% La 2 O 3 , preferably 12-22% La 2 O 3 , more preferably 13-18% La 2 O 3 , to further Increase the refractive index of the glass, increase the transmittance of the visible light band, reduce the temperature coefficient of the refractive index of the glass, and improve the resistance to devitrification.
  • TiO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 , WO 3 and Bi 2 O 3 all have the effect of increasing the refractive index but also increasing the dispersion
  • the upper limit of TiO 2 +Nb 2 O 5 +WO 3 +Bi 2 O 3 is set to 40%, and the preferred upper limit is 33%.
  • the preferred upper limit is 31%.
  • the lower limit is set to 10.5%, and the preferred lower limit is 17 %, the lower limit is 22%.
  • the heavy lanthanum flint glass of the present invention it is preferable to use a combination of TiO 2 and Nb 2 O 5 to obtain a better refractive index and Abbe number.
  • Adding more than 10% of TiO 2 to the glass of the present invention can participate in the formation of the glass network, increase the stability of the glass against crystallization, and can partially replace the expensive Nb 2 O 5 , WO 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , but the content is high At 30%, the glass transmittance will decrease and the glass coloring tendency will increase; the proper introduction of Nb 2 O 5 can make the glass more stable and improve the devitrification resistance.
  • the TiO The content of 2 is set to 10-30%, preferably 15-25%, more preferably 19-24%; the content of Nb 2 O 5 is set to 0.5-10%, preferably 2-8%, more preferably 3- 7%.
  • the present invention preferably has B 2 O 3 /TiO 2 greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1, more preferably B 2 O 3 /TiO 2 is 0.02-0.4, further Preferably, B 2 O 3 /TiO 2 is 0.02-0.23.
  • SiO 2 +TiO 2 is preferably 30-50%, more preferably 37-50%.
  • the inventors found that when the ratio (SiO 2 +TiO 2 )/(B 2 O 3 +Nb 2 O 5 ) is less than 1, the glass stability deteriorates, the upper limit temperature of crystallization increases, and the refractive index temperature coefficient increases , The thermal aberration is large, and the specific gravity of the glass increases, making it difficult to achieve the goal of weight reduction; however, when the ratio is greater than 30, it will cause the glass transmittance to decrease and the coloring tendency to increase significantly.
  • the ratio (SiO 2 +TiO 2 )/(B 2 O 3 +Nb 2 O 5 ) is limited to 1-30, and the more preferred ratio (SiO 2 +TiO 2 )/(B 2 O 3 +Nb 2 O 5 ) is 2.15-20, and a further preferred ratio (SiO 2 +TiO 2 )/(B 2 O 3 +Nb 2 O 5 ) is 3.36-12.
  • RO belongs to alkaline earth metal oxides and is one or more of CaO, MgO, SrO and BaO.
  • the alkaline earth metal oxide can increase the Young's modulus of the glass, reduce the high temperature viscosity of the glass, balance the glass components, and improve the melting performance of the glass.
  • the present invention sets the value of RO to 20-35%, preferably 22-32%, and more preferably 23-30%.
  • the alkaline earth metal oxide of the present invention may contain 20-35% BaO, preferably 22-32% BaO, more preferably 23-30% BaO, to further reduce the refractive index temperature coefficient of the glass, Improve the devitrification resistance and chemical stability of glass.
  • the addition ratio of BaO and B 2 O 3 has an important effect on the temperature coefficient of refractive index of glass, stability against water action (D W ), and stability against acid action (D A ).
  • D W stability against water action
  • D A stability against acid action
  • BaO/B 2 O 3 is greater than 0
  • the glass meltability is improved, and the temperature coefficient of the refractive index of the glass can be reduced, and the thermal aberration can be reduced.
  • BaO/B 2 O 3 is set to be greater than 0 and less than or equal to 70, preferably BaO/B 2 O 3 is 3.6-64, and more preferably BaO/B 2 O 3 is 5-30.
  • ZrO 2 is an essential component in the present invention, and is a kind of high-refraction low-dispersion oxide.
  • the content of ZrO 2 is more than 0.5% in the glass, the refractive index of the glass can be increased and the dispersion can be adjusted. At the same time, it can improve the crystallization resistance and chemical stability of the glass.
  • the content thereof is set to 0.5-10%, preferably 2-8%, further preferably 3-7%.
  • ZrO 2 adjusts nd, vd, ⁇ 70 and ⁇ 5 of the glass together with the components La 2 O 3 , SiO 2 and TiO 2 in the glass of the present invention, as well as the crystallization upper limit temperature and refractive index temperature coefficient.
  • the preferred ratio range is 0.7-6, when the value is less than 0.7 , The glass meltability becomes worse, the stability becomes worse, and the refractive index decreases; when (La 2 O 3 +TiO 2 +ZrO 2 )/SiO 2 is higher than 6, the transmittance of the visible light region of the glass decreases and the degree of coloring becomes difference. More preferably, the ratio range of (La 2 O 3 +TiO 2 +ZrO 2 )/SiO 2 is 1.2-5, and the most preferred ratio range is 1.5-4.
  • the preferred ratio range is 0.75-6.5, which is Below 6.5, more excellent optical transmission performance and better resistance to crystallization can be obtained; however, when the value is less than 0.75 or greater than 6.5, it will be difficult to maintain the refractive index temperature coefficient at 2.4 ⁇ 10 -6 /°C In the following, both the optical properties and the devitrification resistance are significantly deteriorated.
  • the ratio (SiO 2 +La 2 O 3 +ZrO 2 )/TiO 2 is in the range of 1.1-3.7, and the most preferred range is 1.2-2.
  • Rn 2 O is an alkali metal oxide, which is one or more of Li 2 O, Na 2 O, and K 2 O, and is an optional component in the present invention.
  • an appropriate amount of alkali metal oxide can obtain the expected high-temperature viscosity.
  • the value of Rn 2 O is set to 0-8%, preferably 0.5-6%, and more preferably 1-5%.
  • the alkali metal oxide of the present invention may contain 0-8% Na 2 O, preferably 0.5-6% Na 2 O, more preferably 1-5% Na 2 O, further reducing the glass Transition temperature improves the melting performance of glass.
  • ZnO can adjust the refractive index and dispersion of glass, improve the crystallization resistance of glass, reduce the transition temperature of glass, and improve the chemical stability of glass. ZnO can also reduce the high-temperature viscosity of the glass, so that the glass can be smelted at a lower temperature, which can increase the transmittance of the glass. However, if the amount of ZnO added is too large, the anti-crystallization property of the glass will decline, and at the same time, the high temperature viscosity is small, which makes it difficult to form.
  • ZnO is an optional component, and its content is 0-7%, preferably 0-5%, and more preferably 0-3%.
  • Ta 2 O 5 can play the role of increasing the refractive index and reducing the dispersion. It is an optional component in the heavy lanthanum flint glass of the present invention, and its content is 0-10%, preferably 0-5%. Since it is expensive, it is more preferable not to contain Ta 2 O 5 .
  • Al 2 O 3 can reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of glass and improve the thermal stability of glass.
  • a high Al 2 O 3 concentration generally lowers the liquidus viscosity of the glass.
  • the content is set to 0-10%, preferably 0-5%, and more preferably does not contain Al 2 O 3 .
  • the heavy lanthanum flint glass of the present invention may incorporate 0-1%, preferably 0-0.5% of clarifier Sb 2 O 3 .
  • the glass properties of the present invention are not impaired, a small amount of other components not mentioned above, such as P 2 O 5 , TeO 2 , GeO 2 , Lu 2 O 3, etc., can be added as needed.
  • transition metal components such as V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, and Mo
  • the glass is colored, and absorption occurs at a specific wavelength in the visible light region.
  • the properties of the present invention for improving the visible light transmittance effect are weakened. Therefore, it is preferred that the optical glass having a transmittance for the wavelength in the visible light region is not actually included.
  • does not contain or “does not contain” “0%” described in the present invention means that the compound, molecule or element is not intentionally added as a raw material to the heavy lanthanum flint glass of the present invention; but as a raw material for producing glass and/or There will be some impurities or components that are not intentionally added in the equipment, and will be contained in the final heavy lanthanum flint glass in a small amount or trace amount, which is also within the protection scope of the present invention patent.
  • one component can affect many properties of glass.
  • the optimization of a certain performance by the same component may bring about the deterioration of another performance. Therefore, the mutual coordination and mutual restriction of multiple components are particularly important in the entire glass system.
  • the heavy lanthanum flint glass obtained by the inventors of the present invention through experimental research at nd, vd, ⁇ 70 , ⁇ 5 , ⁇ , crystallization upper limit temperature, refractive index temperature coefficient, D W , D A , glass-forming stability or transition temperature (T g ) and other aspects have excellent performance.
  • the refractive index (nd) is tested according to the method of GB/T7962.1-2010.
  • the dispersion coefficient (ie Abbe number, vd) is tested according to the method of GB/T7962.1-2010.
  • ⁇ 70 refers to the wavelength corresponding to the glass transmittance reaching 70%
  • ⁇ 5 refers to the wavelength corresponding to the glass transmittance reaching 5%.
  • the measurement of ⁇ 70 is the use of glass with two opposite planes parallel to each other and optically polished with a thickness of 10 ⁇ 0.1 mm, measuring the spectral transmittance in the wavelength range from 280 nm to 700 nm and exhibiting a wavelength of 70% transmittance .
  • the temperature coefficient of the refractive index is tested according to the method specified in GB/T 7962.4-2010, and the temperature coefficient of the refractive index of 20-40°C is determined.
  • the glass transition temperature (T g ) is measured according to the method specified in GB/T7962.16-2010, unit: °C.
  • the test method for the upper limit temperature of crystallization is: the crystallization performance of the glass is measured by the ladder furnace method, the glass is made into a sample of 180*10*10mm, the side is polished, and placed in a furnace with a temperature gradient (5°C/cm) After warming up to 1400°C for 4 hours, take it out and let it cool down to room temperature. Observe the devitrification of the glass under a microscope. The highest temperature corresponding to the crystals in the glass is the upper limit of the devitrification temperature of the glass. The lower the upper crystallization temperature of the glass, the stronger the stability of the glass at high temperature, and the better the process performance.
  • D W Water resistance stability
  • the acid resistance stability (D A ) is tested according to GB/T17129.
  • the density ( ⁇ ) is tested in accordance with "GB/T 7962.20-1987 Colorless Optical Glass Test Method Density Test Method".
  • the heavy lanthanum flint glass of the present invention has the following properties: the refractive index (nd) is 1.86-1.92, preferably 1.86-1.91, more preferably 1.87-1.90; the Abbe number (vd) is 25-30, preferably 25-29, more preferably 26-29; the transition temperature ( Tg ) is 720°C or lower, preferably 710°C or lower, more preferably 705°C or lower; ⁇ 70 is 450nm or lower, preferably 440nm or lower, more preferably 430nm ⁇ 5 is 390 nm or less, preferably 385 nm or less, and more preferably 380 nm or less; density ( ⁇ ) is 4.5 g/cm 3 or less, preferably 4.3 g/cm 3 or less, more preferably 4.25 g/cm 3 or less; Water resistance stability (D W ) is 2 or more, preferably 1; acid resistance stability (D A ) is 2 or more, preferably 1; crystal
  • Both the glass preform of the present invention and the optical element are formed of the aforementioned heavy lanthanum flint glass of the present invention.
  • the glass preform of the present invention has high refractive index and lower refractive index temperature coefficient characteristics;
  • the optical element of the present invention has high refractive index and lower refractive index temperature coefficient characteristics, and can provide various optical lenses and prisms with high optical value element.
  • lenses include various lenses such as concave meniscus lenses, convex meniscus lenses, biconvex lenses, biconcave lenses, plano-convex lenses, and plano-concave lenses whose spherical surfaces are spherical or aspherical.
  • the prism since the prism has a relatively high refractive index, it is possible to realize a compact, wide-angle optical system by combining it in the imaging optical system and bending the optical path toward the desired direction.
  • optical elements formed by the optical glass of the present invention can be used to make optical instruments such as camera equipment, camera equipment, display equipment and monitoring equipment.
  • the heavy lanthanum flint glass obtained in Examples 1-36 was cut to a predetermined size, and then a release agent was evenly coated on the surface, and then heated and softened, and subjected to pressure molding to produce concave meniscus lenses and convex Preforms for various lenses and prisms such as meniscus lenses, biconvex lenses, biconcave lenses, plano-convex lenses, plano-concave lenses, etc.
  • the heavy lanthanum flint glass obtained in Examples 1-36 is used to form a preform for precision press molding, which is then processed by precision press molding into the shape of a lens and a prism to produce a preform.
  • each preform is ground and ground to produce various lenses and prisms such as concave meniscus lenses, convex meniscus lenses, biconvex lenses, biconcave lenses, plano-convex lenses, and plano-concave lenses.
  • An anti-reflection film may also be coated on the surface of the obtained optical element.
  • optical elements produced by the above optical element embodiments can be used in, for example, imaging equipment, sensors, microscopes, medical technology, digital projection, communication, optical communication through optical design and the use of one or more optical elements to form optical components or optical components Technology/information transmission, optics/illumination in the automotive field, lithography technology, excimer lasers, wafers, computer chips, and integrated circuits and electronic devices including such circuits and chips, are particularly useful for imaging equipment and devices in the automotive field.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器。该重镧火石玻璃以重量％计，含有：SiO 2：12-30％，Ln 2O 3：10-25％，所述Ln 2O 3为La 2O 3、Gd 2O 3、Y 2O 3和Yb 2O 3的合计含量，TiO 2+Nb 2O 5+WO 3+Bi 2O 3：10.5-40％，B 2O 3：0-10％，RO：20-35％，所述RO为BaO、CaO、MgO和SrO中的一种或多种，ZrO 2：0.5-10％，其中(SiO 2+TiO 2)/(B 2O 3+Nb 2O 5)为1-30。该玻璃的折射率(nd)为1.86-1.92，阿贝数(vd)为25-30，能够满足精密仪器所需的光学性能，而且抗析晶性能优异、折射率温度系数低，能有效减小温差导致的热像差。

Description

重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器 技术领域
本发明属于光学玻璃领域，具体涉及一种重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器。
背景技术
折射率(nd)为1.86-1.92，阿贝数(vd)为25-30的重镧火石玻璃广泛应用在精密光学仪器的透镜中，这些重镧火石玻璃能够满足现代精密模压成型工艺的要求，但是已有的重镧火石玻璃的折射率温度系数较高。
光学玻璃的折射率是温度的函数，单位温度引起的折射指数的变化，即玻璃折射率温度系数，它是衡量温度对光学玻璃的折射率影响的关键性能参数，当温度上升时，玻璃受热膨胀使密度减小，折射率下降。
在医疗、夜间摄影、集成电路光刻技术等领域所使用的光学仪器中，光学透镜的使用环境温度随使用时间增长而不断升高，玻璃的折射率也随之变化较大，严重降低玻璃的成像质量，进而影响系统分辨率。往往需要采用热像差补偿技术加以弥补，例如光刻机的光刻物镜通过可动镜片结合、热相差补偿元件等弥补，但是这些技术门槛较高，仅被世界上少数厂家掌握，极大地制约了相关技术的推广应用，也不利于形成市场竞争、打破精密仪器价格昂贵的局面。
而且，已有的重镧火石玻璃析晶上限温度偏高，玻璃在高温加工时稳定性差，热加工工艺难度大，致使其使用范围受到限制。
此外，当前高密度和高着色度的重镧火石玻璃也不能满足人们追求仪器和设备轻小型化和高透过率的要求。
因此，有必要开发一种透射率高、成像质量高、折射率温度系数优异、析晶上限温度低的重镧火石玻璃。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种重镧火石玻璃，该玻璃的折射率(nd)为1.86-1.92，阿贝数(vd)为25-30，能够满足精密仪器所需的光学性能，而且抗析晶性能优异、折射率温度系数低，能有效减小温差导致的热像差。
本发明还进一步提供了由该重镧火石玻璃制作的预制件、光学元件和光学仪器。
本发明为实现上述目的所采用的技术方案如下：
重镧火石玻璃，以重量％计，含有：SiO 2：12-30％，Ln 2O 3：10-25％，所述Ln 2O 3为La 2O 3、Gd 2O 3、Y 2O 3和Yb 2O 3的合计含量，TiO 2+Nb 2O 5+WO 3+Bi 2O 3：10.5-40％，B 2O 3：0-10％，RO：20-35％，所述RO为BaO、CaO、MgO和SrO中的一种或多种，ZrO 2：0.5-10％，其中(SiO 2+TiO 2)/(B 2O 3+Nb 2O 5)为1-30。
进一步地，上述的重镧火石玻璃，以重量％计，还含有：Rn 2O：0-8％，所述Rn 2O为Li 2O、Na 2O和K 2O中的一种或多种，Sb 2O 3：0-1％，ZnO：0-7％，Ta 2O 5：0-10％，Al 2O 3：0-10％。
重镧火石玻璃，以重量％计，由12-30％的SiO 2，10-25％的Ln 2O 3，所述Ln 2O 3为La 2O 3、Gd 2O 3、Y 2O 3和Yb 2O 3的合计含量，10.5-40％的TiO 2+Nb 2O 5+WO 3+Bi 2O 3，20-35％的RO，所述RO为BaO、CaO、MgO和SrO中的一种或多种，0.5-10％的ZrO 2，0-10％的B 2O 3，0-8％的Rn 2O，所述Rn 2O为Li 2O、Na 2O和K 2O中的一种或多种，0-1％的Sb 2O 3，0-7％的ZnO，0-10％的Ta 2O 5，和0-10％的Al 2O 3组成，其中(SiO 2+TiO 2)/(B 2O 3+Nb 2O 5)为1-30。
进一步地，前述的重镧火石玻璃，各组分含量满足以下4种情形中的一种或一种以上：
1)B 2O 3/TiO 2大于0且小于等于1；
2)BaO/B 2O 3大于0且小于等于70；
3)(La 2O 3+TiO 2+ZrO 2)/SiO 2为0.7-6；
4)(SiO 2+La 2O 3+ZrO 2)/TiO 2为0.75-6.5。
进一步地，前述的重镧火石玻璃，其中：SiO 2：15-25％，和/或Ln 2O 3：12-22％，和/或TiO 2+Nb 2O 5+WO 3+Bi 2O 3：17-33％，和/或RO：22-32％，和/或ZrO 2：2-8％，和/或B 2O 3：0.5-6％，和/或Rn 2O：0.5-6％，和/或Sb 2O 3：0-0.5％，和/或ZnO：0-5％，和/或Ta 2O 5：0-5％，和/或Al 2O 3：0-5％。
进一步地，前述的重镧火石玻璃，各组分含量满足以下5种情形中的一种或一种以上：
1)B 2O 3/TiO 2为0.02-0.4；
2)BaO/B 2O 3为3.6-64；
3)(La 2O 3+TiO 2+ZrO 2)/SiO 2为1.2-5；
4)(SiO 2+La 2O 3+ZrO 2)/TiO 2为1.1-3.7；
5)(SiO 2+TiO 2)/(B 2O 3+Nb 2O 5)为2.15-20。
进一步地，前述的重镧火石玻璃，各组分含量满足以下2种情形中的一种或两种：
6)SiO 2+TiO 2为30-50％；
7)B 2O 3/SiO 2为0.02-0.4。
进一步地，前述的重镧火石玻璃，其中：SiO 2：18-23％，和/或Ln 2O 3：13-18％，和/或TiO 2+Nb 2O 5+WO 3+Bi 2O 3：22-31％，和/或RO：23-30％，和/或ZrO 2：2-6％，和/或B 2O 3：1-4％，和/或Rn 2O：1-5％，和/或Sb 2O 3：0-0.2％，和/或ZnO：0-3％，和/或不含Ta 2O 5，和/或不含Al 2O 3。
进一步地，前述的重镧火石玻璃，各组分含量满足以下5种情形中的一种或一种以上：
1)B 2O 3/TiO 2为0.02-0.23；
2)BaO/B 2O 3为5-30；
3)(La 2O 3+TiO 2+ZrO 2)/SiO 2为1.5-4；
4)(SiO 2+La 2O 3+ZrO 2)/TiO 2为1.2-2；
5)(SiO 2+TiO 2)/(B 2O 3+Nb 2O 5)为3.36-12。
进一步地，前述的重镧火石玻璃，各组分含量满足以下2种情形中的一种或两种：
6)SiO 2+TiO 2为37-50％；
7)B 2O 3/SiO 2为0.02-0.34。
进一步地，前述的重镧火石玻璃，其中：TiO 2：10-30％，和/或Nb 2O 5：0.5-10％；优选地，TiO 2：15-25％，和/或Nb 2O 5：2-8％；更优地，TiO 2：19-24％，和/或Nb 2O 5：3-7％。
进一步地，前述的重镧火石玻璃，其中：La 2O 3：10-25％，和/或BaO：20-35％，和/或Na 2O：0-8％；优选地，La 2O 3：12-22％，和/或BaO：22-32％，和/或Na 2O：0.5-6％；更优地，La 2O 3：13-18％，和/或BaO：23-30％，和/或Na 2O：1-5％。
进一步地，前述的重镧火石玻璃，其λ 70为450nm以下，优选为440nm以下，更优选为430nm以下；其λ 5为390nm以下，优选为385nm以下，更优选为380nm以下；密度(ρ)为4.5g/cm 3以下，优选为4.3g/cm 3以下，更优选为4.25g/cm 3以下；析晶上限温度为1200℃以下，优选为1180℃以下；折射率温度系数为2.4×10 -6/℃以下，优选为2.3×10 -6/℃以下。
进一步地，前述的重镧火石玻璃，其折射率(nd)为1.86-1.92，优选为1.86-1.91，更优选为1.87-1.90；阿贝数(vd)为25-30，优选为25-29，更优选为26-29。
进一步地，前述的重镧火石玻璃，其转变温度(T g)为720℃以下，优选为710℃以下，更优选为705℃以下；耐水作用稳定性(D W)为2类以上，优选为1类；耐酸作用稳定性(D A)为2类以上，优选为1类。玻璃预制件，采用前述的重镧火石玻璃制成。
光学元件，采用前述的重镧火石玻璃或者玻璃预制件制成。
光学仪器，采用前述的光学元件制成。
本发明的有益效果在于：通过合理的组分配比，使重镧火石玻璃在保证所需的折射率和阿贝数的同时，具有优异的折射率温度系数、析晶上限温度、λ 70、λ 5和化学稳定性等性能，适合推广应用在要求透射率高、成像质量高、热像差小的精密仪器中。
具体实施方式
重镧火石玻璃
下面对本发明的重镧火石玻璃的组成进行详细说明，在没有特别说明时，各玻璃组分的含量、合计含量均指重量含量，以重量％表示，是某一组分的重量或几种组分的重量之和占光学玻璃总重量的百分数；各玻璃组分之比，或者几种组分加和之比，是将其对应的重量含量作比或重量含量加和后作比。
本发明的重镧火石玻璃，以重量％计，含有：SiO 2：12-30％，Ln 2O 3：10-25％，所述Ln 2O 3为La 2O 3、Gd 2O 3、Y 2O 3和Yb 2O 3的合计含量，TiO 2+Nb 2O 5+WO 3+Bi 2O 3：10.5-40％，B 2O 3:0-10％，RO：20-35％，所述RO为BaO、CaO、MgO和SrO中的一种或多种，ZrO 2：0.5-10％，其中(SiO 2+TiO 2)/(B 2O 3+Nb 2O 5)为1-30。
在本发明玻璃中，SiO 2是玻璃的网络形成体，是构成玻璃骨架的主要成分。SiO 2含量和玻璃的抗析晶性能、透过率、折射率和色散密切相关。若其含量低于12％，玻璃的折射率和色散达不到设计预期，同时玻璃的抗析晶性能和透过率会大幅度下降；若其含量高于30％，玻璃的溶解性能、抗析晶性能会下降，同时折射率和色散达不到设计预期。因此，在本发明中，SiO 2的含量设置为12-30％，优选为15-25％，进一步优选为18-23％。
B 2O 3也是玻璃网络形成组分，在本发明中是任选的组分。在本发明的一些实施例中，引入B 2O 3能够提高玻璃可熔性和耐失透性，但当其引入量超过 10％时，则玻璃成玻稳定性下降，并且折射率下降，因此，本发明的B 2O 3的含量设置为0-10％，优选为0.5-6％，进一步优选为1-4％。
SiO 2和B 2O 3作为两种玻璃网络组分，既具有各自独特的作用，又相互制约影响玻璃的成玻稳定性和玻璃转变温度(T g)，当B 2O 3/SiO 2比值高于0.4时，玻璃转变温度(T g)劣化，而当B 2O 3/SiO 2比值低于0.02时，成玻稳定性下降。因此，在一些本发明含有B 2O 3的重镧火石玻璃实施方式中，将B 2O 3/SiO 2比值设置为0.02-0.4，更优选为0.02-0.34。
稀土氧化物Ln 2O 3(La 2O 3、Gd 2O 3、Y 2O 3和Yb 2O 3)有助于提高玻璃的折射率，当其总含量低于10％时，无法获得预期的光学常数，但当其总含量超过25％时，玻璃的化学稳定性、耐失透性将降低，而且将提高玻璃的原料成本。因此La 2O 3、Gd 2O 3、Y 2O 3和Yb 2O 3的合计含量Ln 2O 3设为10-25％，优选为12-22％，进一步优选为13-18％。在一些实施方式中，本发明的稀土氧化物中可包含10-25％的La 2O 3，优选12-22％的La 2O 3，更优选13-18％的La 2O 3，以进一步提高玻璃的折射率，提高可见光波段的透过率，降低玻璃的折射率温度系数，提高耐失透性能。
由于TiO 2、Nb 2O 5、WO 3、Bi 2O 3都具有提高折射率但也提高色散的作用，当TiO 2+Nb 2O 5+WO 3+Bi 2O 3含量超过40％，则玻璃色散明显升高，玻璃着色倾向增加，透过率也会降低，因此将TiO 2+Nb 2O 5+WO 3+Bi 2O 3的上限设为40％，优选的上限为33％，更优选的上限为31％。但是，当TiO 2+Nb 2O 5+WO 3+Bi 2O 3过低，又将导致玻璃的热稳定性和压型性能下降，因此，将其下限设为10.5％，优选的下限为17％，更优的下限为22％。
在本发明的重镧火石玻璃中，优选用TiO 2与Nb 2O 5的组合以获得更好的折射率和阿贝数。添加10％以上的TiO 2到本发明玻璃中，可以参与玻璃网络形成，增加玻璃抗析晶稳定性，而且可以部分替代价格昂贵的Nb 2O 5、WO 3、Bi 2O 3，但含量高于30％将导致玻璃透过率下降，玻璃着色倾向增加；Nb 2O 5的适当引入可以使玻璃更加稳定，提高耐失透性，为此考虑，本发明的重镧火石 玻璃中，将TiO 2的含量设置为10-30％，优选为15-25％，更优选为19-24％；将Nb 2O 5含量设置为0.5-10％，优选为2-8％，更优选为3-7％。
进一步地，经发明人研究发现，组分B 2O 3和TiO 2的比值B 2O 3/TiO 2会影响玻璃的λ 70、λ 5、析晶上限温度和折射率温度系数，当比值B 2O 3/TiO 2大于1时，析晶上限温度升高，折射率温度系数增大。从获得具有更高透过率等优异性能的光学玻璃的目的出发，本发明优选B 2O 3/TiO 2大于0且小于等于1，更优选B 2O 3/TiO 2为0.02-0.4，进一步优选B 2O 3/TiO 2为0.02-0.23。
SiO 2和TiO 2的合计含量以整体的形式对玻璃的λ 70、λ 5、耐水作用稳定性(D W)和耐酸作用稳定性(D A)产生重要影响，当SiO 2+TiO 2的含量大于50％时，玻璃的可见光区域的透过率降低，着色增加，耐水作用稳定性(D W)和耐酸作用稳定性(D A)下降，但是当SiO 2+TiO 2的含量低于30％时，玻璃成玻稳定性变差，热膨胀系数增加。因此，在本发明中，优选SiO 2+TiO 2为30-50％，更优选为37-50％。
此外，发明人发现，当比值(SiO 2+TiO 2)/(B 2O 3+Nb 2O 5)小于1时，玻璃稳定性变差，析晶上限温度升高，折射率温度系数增大，热像差大，且玻璃比重增加，难以达到轻量化的目；但是，当该比值大于30时，将导致玻璃透过率下降，着色倾向明显增加。因此，将比值(SiO 2+TiO 2)/(B 2O 3+Nb 2O 5)限定为1-30，更优选的比值(SiO 2+TiO 2)/(B 2O 3+Nb 2O 5)为2.15-20，进一步优选的比值(SiO 2+TiO 2)/(B 2O 3+Nb 2O 5)为3.36-12。
RO属于碱土金属氧化物，为CaO、MgO、SrO和BaO中的一种或多种。在本发明的重镧火石玻璃中，20％以上的碱土金属氧化物可以提升玻璃的杨氏模量，降低玻璃的高温粘度，同时平衡玻璃组分，改善玻璃的熔化性能。但是，当RO的合计含量高于35％时，过多的碱土金属氧化物会降低玻璃的抗析晶性能。因此，本发明将RO的值设定为20-35％，优选为22-32％，更优选为23-30％。在一些实施方式中，本发明的碱土金属氧化物中可包含20-35％的BaO，优选22-32％的BaO，更优选23-30％的BaO，以进一步降低玻璃的折射 率温度系数，提高玻璃耐失透性能和化学稳定性。
在一些实施方式中，BaO和B 2O 3的添加比例对玻璃折射率温度系数、耐水作用稳定性(D W)和耐酸作用稳定性(D A)有重要的影响。当BaO/B 2O 3大于0时，玻璃熔融性有所改善，还能够降低玻璃的折射率温度系数，减小热像差，但当BaO/B 2O 3大于70时，玻璃的耐酸和耐水作用稳定性以及抗析晶性能下降。因此，将BaO/B 2O 3设定为大于0且小于等于70，优选BaO/B 2O 3为3.6-64，更优选BaO/B 2O 3为5-30。
ZrO 2在本发明中是必需成分，是一种高折射低色散氧化物，含量为0.5％以上ZrO 2的加入玻璃中可以提升玻璃的折射率并调节色散。同时，可以提升玻璃的抗析晶性能和化学稳定性。但是在本发明的重镧火石玻璃中，若其含量高于10％，玻璃会变得难以融化，熔炼温度会上升，容易导致玻璃内部出现夹杂物及其透过率下降。因此，其含量设置为0.5-10％，优选为2-8％，进一步优选为3-7％。
ZrO 2在本发明的玻璃中与组分La 2O 3、SiO 2、TiO 2共同调节玻璃的nd、vd、λ 70、λ 5，以及析晶上限温度和折射率温度系数等性能。经发明人实验确认，当以比值(La 2O 3+TiO 2+ZrO 2)/SiO 2调节nd、vd、λ 70、λ 5时，优选的比值范围是0.7-6，该值小于0.7时，玻璃熔融性变差，稳定性变差，折射率下降；而当(La 2O 3+TiO 2+ZrO 2)/SiO 2高于6时，玻璃可见光区域的透过率降低，着色度变差。更优选(La 2O 3+TiO 2+ZrO 2)/SiO 2的比值范围是1.2-5，最优选的比值范围是1.5-4。当以比值(SiO 2+La 2O 3+ZrO 2)/TiO 2调节玻璃的λ 70、λ 5、析晶上限温度和折射率温度系数时，优选的比值范围是0.75-6.5，该值为6.5以下时，能获得更优异的光学透过性能和更佳的抗析晶性能；但是，当该值小于0.75或大于6.5时，将难以使折射率温度系数保持在2.4×10 -6/℃以下，光学性能和抗析晶性能均明显变差。作为更优选的方案，比值(SiO 2+La 2O 3+ZrO 2)/TiO 2的范围是1.1-3.7，最优选的范围是1.2-2。
Rn 2O属于碱金属氧化物，为Li 2O、Na 2O、K 2O中的一种或多种，在本发 明中是任选的组分。在本发明玻璃体系中，适量的碱金属氧化物可以获得预期的高温粘度，同时，当适量的碱金属氧化物与B 2O 3共存时，还可以提高B 2O 3网络的致密度，获得更好的光透过率。但是过多的碱金属氧化物又会急剧破坏玻璃的抗析晶性能。因此，在本发明中，将Rn 2O的值设定为0-8％，优选为0.5-6％，更优选为1-5％。在一些实施方式中，本发明的碱金属氧化物中可包含0-8％的Na 2O，优选0.5-6％的Na 2O，更优选1-5％的Na 2O，进一步降低玻璃的转变温度，提高玻璃的熔融性能。
ZnO可以调整玻璃的折射率和色散，改善玻璃的抗析晶性能，降低玻璃的转变温度，提升玻璃的化学稳定性。ZnO还可以降低玻璃的高温粘度，使得玻璃可以在较低温度下熔炼，从而可以提升玻璃的透过率。但如果ZnO加入量过多，玻璃的抗析晶性能反而会下降，同时高温粘度较小，给成型带来困难。在本发明玻璃体系中，ZnO是可以任选的组分，其含量为0-7％，优选为0-5％，更优选为0-3％。
Ta 2O 5可以起到增加折射率降低色散的作用，在本发明的重镧火石玻璃中是任选的组分，其含量为0-10％，优选为0-5％。因其价格昂贵，因此更优选不含有Ta 2O 5。
Al 2O 3能降低玻璃的热膨胀系数，提高玻璃的热稳定性。但是，高的Al 2O 3浓度通常降低玻璃的液相线粘度。在本发明中，将其含量设定为0-10％，优选为0-5％，更优选不含有Al 2O 3。
另外，本发明的重镧火石玻璃中可以引入0-1％、优选为0-0.5％的澄清剂Sb 2O 3。
在不损害本发明的玻璃特性的范围内，根据需要能够添加少量上述未曾提及的其他成分，如P 2O 5、TeO 2、GeO 2、Lu 2O 3等。但是V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Ag以及Mo等过渡金属成分，即使单独或复合地少量含有的情况下，玻璃也会被着色，在可见光区域的特定的波长产生吸收，从而减弱本发明的提高可见光透过率效果的性质，因此，特别是对于可见光区域波长的透 过率有要求的光学玻璃，优选实际上不包含。
Pb、As、Th、Cd、Tl、Os、Be以及Se的化合物，近年来作为有害的化学物质而有控制使用的倾向，不仅在玻璃的制造工序，直至加工工序以及产品化后的处置上对环境保护的措施是必需的。因此，在重视对环境的影响的情况下，除了不可避免地混入以外，优选实际上不含有它们。由此，光学玻璃变得实际上不包含污染环境的物质。因此，即使不采取特殊的环境对策上的措施，本发明的光学玻璃也能够进行制造、加工以及废弃。
本发明所记载的“不包含”“不含有”“0％”是指没有故意将该化合物、分子或元素等作为原料添加到本发明重镧火石玻璃中；但作为生产玻璃的原材料和/或设备，会存在某些不是故意添加的杂质或组分，会在最终的重镧火石玻璃中少量或痕量含有，此种情形也在本发明专利的保护范围内。
根据上述可知，在本发明的玻璃体系中，一种组分会对玻璃的多个性能产生影响。同一组分对某一性能优化的同时可能带来另一性能的劣化，因而多种组分的相互协同和相互制约在整个玻璃体系中就显得尤为重要。本发明的发明人经实验研究获得的重镧火石玻璃在nd、vd、λ 70、λ 5、ρ、析晶上限温度、折射率温度系数、D W、D A、成玻稳定性或转变温度(T g)等方面具有优异的性能。
本发明重镧火石玻璃或其制品的各项性能指标采用以下方法测试：
[折射率]
折射率(nd)按照GB/T7962.1-2010方法测试。
[色散系数]
色散系数(即阿贝数，vd)按照GB/T7962.1-2010方法测试。
[玻璃的着色]
λ 70是指玻璃透射比达到70％时对应的波长，λ5是指玻璃透射比达到5％时对应的波长。其中，λ 70的测定是使用具有彼此平行且光学抛光的两个 相对平面的厚度为10±0.1mm的玻璃，测定从280nm到700nm的波长域内的分光透射率并表现出透射率70％的波长。
[折射率温度系数]
折射率温度系数按照GB/T 7962.4—2010规定方法测试，测定20～40℃的折射率温度系数。
[玻璃的转变温度]
玻璃的转变温度(T g)按GB/T7962.16-2010规定的方法进行测量，单位：℃。
[析晶上限温度]
析晶上限温度测试方法为：采用梯温炉法测定玻璃的析晶性能，将玻璃制成180*10*10mm的样品，侧面抛光，放入带有温度梯度(5℃/cm)的炉内升温至1400℃保温4小时后取出自然冷却到室温，在显微镜下观察玻璃析晶情况，玻璃出现晶体对应的最高温度即为玻璃的析晶上限温度。玻璃的析晶上限温度越低，则玻璃在高温时稳定性越强，生产的工艺性能越好。
[化学稳定性]
耐水作用稳定性(D W)按照GB/T17129方法测试。
耐酸作用稳定性(D A)按照GB/T17129方法测试。
[密度]
密度(ρ)按照《GB/T 7962.20-1987无色光学玻璃测试方法密度测试方法》测试。
经过测试，本发明的重镧火石玻璃具有以下性能：折射率(nd)为1.86-1.92，优选为1.86-1.91，更优选为1.87-1.90；阿贝数(vd)为25-30，优选为25-29，更优选为26-29；转变温度(T g)为720℃以下，优选为710℃以下，更优选为705℃以下；λ 70为450nm以下，优选为440nm以下，更优选为430nm以下；λ 5为390nm以下，优选为385nm以下，更优选为380nm以下；密度(ρ)为4.5g/cm 3以下，优选为4.3g/cm 3以下，更优选为4.25g/cm 3以下；耐 水作用稳定性(D W)为2类以上，优选为1类；耐酸作用稳定性(D A)为2类以上，优选为1类；析晶上限温度为1200℃以下，优选为1180℃以下；折射率温度系数为2.4×10 -6/℃以下，优选为2.3×10 -6/℃以下。
下面，描述本发明的玻璃预制件、光学元件和光学仪器。
本发明的玻璃预制件与光学元件均由上述本发明的重镧火石玻璃形成。本发明的玻璃预制件具有高折射率和较低折射率温度系数特性；本发明的光学元件具有高折射率和较低折射率温度系数特性，能够提供光学价值高的各种透镜、棱镜等光学元件。
作为透镜的例子，可举出透镜面为球面或非球面的凹弯月形透镜、凸弯月形透镜、双凸透镜、双凹透镜、平凸透镜、平凹透镜等各种透镜。
另外，对于棱镜来说，由于折射率相对较高，因此通过组合在摄像光学体系中，通过弯曲光路，朝向所需的方向，即可实现紧凑、广角的光学体系。
本发明光学玻璃所形成的光学元件可制作如照相设备、摄像设备、显示设备和监控设备等光学仪器。
[重镧火石玻璃的实施例]
为了进一步清楚地阐释和说明本发明的技术方案，提供以下的非限制性实施例。
为了得到具有表1～表6所示的组成的玻璃，使用碳酸盐、硝酸盐、氢氧化物、氧化物、硼酸等作为原料，将光学玻璃成分所对应的原料按比例称量各原料，充分混合后成为调合原料，将该调合原料放入到铂制坩锅内，加热至1200～1450℃，经熔化、搅拌、澄清后形成均匀的熔融玻璃，再将该熔融玻璃适度降温后浇注到预热的模具中并在650～700℃保持2～4小时之后进行缓冷，得到光学玻璃。另外，通过本发明所述的测试方法测定各玻璃的特性，并将测定结果表示在表1～表6中。
表1
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000003
表2
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000005
表3
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000007
表4
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000009
表5
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000011
表6
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000013
表7
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2019119809-appb-000015
[玻璃预制件实施例]
将实施例1-36所得到的重镧火石玻璃切割成预定大小，再在表面上均匀地涂布脱模剂，然后将其加热、软化，进行加压成型，制作凹弯月形透镜、凸弯月形透镜、双凸透镜、双凹透镜、平凸透镜、平凹透镜等各种透镜、棱镜的预制件。或者使用实施例1-36所得到的重镧火石玻璃，形成精密加压成型用的预成型品，再精密加压成型加工成透镜及棱镜的形状，制作预制件。
[光学元件实施例]
将上述玻璃预制件实施例所得到的这些预制件退火，在降低玻璃内部的变形的同时进行微调，使得折射率等光学特性达到所需值。
接着，对各预制件进行磨削、研磨，制作凹弯月形透镜、凸弯月形透镜、双凸透镜、双凹透镜、平凸透镜、平凹透镜等各种透镜、棱镜。所得到的光学元件的表面上还可涂布防反射膜。
[光学仪器实施例]
将上述光学元件实施例制得的光学元件通过光学设计，通过使用一个或多个光学元件形成光学部件或光学组件，可用于例如成像设备、传感器、显微镜、医药技术、数字投影、通信、光学通信技术/信息传输、汽车领域中的光学/照明、光刻技术、准分子激光器、晶片、计算机芯片以及包括这样的电路及芯片的集成电路和电子器件，尤其可用于车载领域的摄像设备和装置。

Claims (16)

  1. 重镧火石玻璃，其特征在于，以重量％计，含有：SiO 2：12-30％，Ln 2O 3：10-25％，所述Ln 2O 3为La 2O 3、Gd 2O 3、Y 2O 3和Yb 2O 3的合计含量，TiO 2+Nb 2O 5+WO 3+Bi 2O 3：10.5-40％，B 2O 3：0-10％，RO：20-35％，所述RO为BaO、CaO、MgO和SrO中的一种或多种，ZrO 2：0.5-10％，其中(SiO 2+TiO 2)/(B 2O 3+Nb 2O 5)为1-30。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的重镧火石玻璃，其特征在于，以重量％计，还含有：Rn 2O：0-8％，所述Rn 2O为Li 2O、Na 2O和K 2O中的一种或多种，Sb 2O 3：0-1％，ZnO：0-7％，Ta 2O 5：0-10％，Al 2O 3：0-10％。
  3. 重镧火石玻璃，其特征在于，以重量％计，由12-30％的SiO 2，10-25％的Ln 2O 3，所述Ln 2O 3为La 2O 3、Gd 2O 3、Y 2O 3和Yb 2O 3的合计含量，10.5-40％的TiO 2+Nb 2O 5+WO 3+Bi 2O 3，20-35％的RO，所述RO为BaO、CaO、MgO和SrO中的一种或多种，0.5-10％的ZrO 2，0-10％的B 2O 3，0-8％的Rn 2O，所述Rn 2O为Li 2O、Na 2O和K 2O中的一种或多种，0-1％的Sb 2O 3，0-7％的ZnO，0-10％的Ta 2O 5，和0-10％的Al 2O 3组成，其中(SiO 2+TiO 2)/(B 2O 3+Nb 2O 5)为1-30。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的重镧火石玻璃，其特征在于，各组分含量满足以下4种情形中的一种或一种以上：
    1)B 2O 3/TiO 2大于0且小于等于1；
    2)BaO/B 2O 3大于0且小于等于70；
    3)(La 2O 3+TiO 2+ZrO 2)/SiO 2为0.7-6；
    4)(SiO 2+La 2O 3+ZrO 2)/TiO 2为0.75-6.5。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的重镧火石玻璃，其特征在于：SiO 2：15-25％，和/或Ln 2O 3：12-22％，和/或TiO 2+Nb 2O 5+WO 3+Bi 2O 3：17-33％，和/或RO：22-32％，和/或ZrO 2：2-8％，和/或B 2O 3：0.5-6％，和/或Rn 2O：0.5-6％，和/或Sb 2O 3：0-0.5％，和/或ZnO：0-5％，和/或Ta 2O 5：0-5％，和/或Al 2O 3：0-5％。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的重镧火石玻璃，其特征在于，各组分含量满足以下5种情形中的一种或一种以上：
    1)B 2O 3/TiO 2为0.02-0.4；
    2)BaO/B 2O 3为3.6-64；
    3)(La 2O 3+TiO 2+ZrO 2)/SiO 2为1.2-5；
    4)(SiO 2+La 2O 3+ZrO 2)/TiO 2为1.1-3.7；
    5)(SiO 2+TiO 2)/(B 2O 3+Nb 2O 5)为2.15-20。
  7. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的重镧火石玻璃，其特征在于：SiO 2：18-23％，和/或Ln 2O 3：13-18％，和/或TiO 2+Nb 2O 5+WO 3+Bi 2O 3：22-31％，和/或RO：23-30％，和/或ZrO 2：2-6％，和/或B 2O 3：1-4％，和/或Rn 2O：1-5％，和/或Sb 2O 3：0-0.2％，和/或ZnO：0-3％，和/或不含Ta 2O 5，和/或不含Al 2O 3。
  8. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的重镧火石玻璃，其特征在于，各组分含量满足以下5种情形中的一种或一种以上：
    1)B 2O 3/TiO 2为0.02-0.23；
    2)BaO/B 2O 3为5-30；
    3)(La 2O 3+TiO 2+ZrO 2)/SiO 2为1.5-4；
    4)(SiO 2+La 2O 3+ZrO 2)/TiO 2为1.2-2.0；
    5)(SiO 2+TiO 2)/(B 2O 3+Nb 2O 5)为3.36-12.00。
  9. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的重镧火石玻璃，其特征在于：TiO 2：10-30％，和/或Nb 2O 5：0.5-10％；优选地，TiO 2：15-25％，和/或Nb 2O 5：2-8％；更优地，TiO 2：19-24％，和/或Nb 2O 5：3-7％。
  10. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的重镧火石玻璃，其特征在于：La 2O 3：10-25％，和/或BaO：20-35％，和/或Na 2O：0-8％；优选地，La 2O 3：12-22％，和/或BaO：22-32％，和/或Na 2O：0.5-6％；更优地，La 2O 3：13-18％，和/或BaO：23-30％，和/或Na 2O：1-5％。
  11. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的重镧火石玻璃，其特征在于，所述玻璃的λ 70为450nm以下，优选为440nm以下，更优选为430nm以下；λ 5为390nm以下，优选为385nm以下，更优选为380nm以下；所述玻璃的密度(ρ)为4.5g/cm 3以下，优选为4.3g/cm 3以下，更优选为4.25g/cm 3以下；所述玻璃的析晶上限温度为1200℃以下，优选为1180℃以下；所述玻璃的折射率温度系数为2.4×10 -6/℃以下，优选为2.3×10 -6/℃以下。
  12. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的重镧火石玻璃，其特征在于，所述玻璃的折射率(nd)为1.86-1.92，优选为1.86-1.91，更优选为1.87-1.90；阿贝数(vd)为25-30，优选为25-29，更优选为26-29。
  13. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的重镧火石玻璃，其特征在于，所述玻璃的转变温度(T g)为720℃以下，优选为710℃以下，更优选为705℃以下；所述玻璃的耐水作用稳定性(D W)为2类以上，优选为1类；耐酸作用稳定性(D A)为2类以上，优选为1类。
  14. 玻璃预制件，采用权利要求1-13任一所述的重镧火石玻璃制成。
  15. 光学元件，采用权利要求1-13任一所述的重镧火石玻璃制成，或者采用权利要求14所述的玻璃预制件制成。
  16. 光学仪器，采用权利要求15所述的光学元件制成。
PCT/CN2019/119809 2018-12-07 2019-11-21 重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器 WO2020114255A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2021532249A JP7311603B2 (ja) 2018-12-07 2019-11-21 重ランタンフリントガラス、そのプリフォーム、光学素子、及び光学機器
JP2023111446A JP2023134579A (ja) 2018-12-07 2023-07-06 重ランタンフリントガラス、そのプリフォーム、光学素子、及び光学機器

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811493174.0A CN109502964B (zh) 2018-12-07 2018-12-07 重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器
CN201811493174.0 2018-12-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020114255A1 true WO2020114255A1 (zh) 2020-06-11

Family

ID=65753032

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2019/119809 WO2020114255A1 (zh) 2018-12-07 2019-11-21 重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器

Country Status (3)

Country Link
JP (2) JP7311603B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN109502964B (zh)
WO (1) WO2020114255A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023183141A1 (en) 2022-03-25 2023-09-28 Corning Incorporated Optical glasses containing bismuth oxide
US11787729B2 (en) 2020-05-18 2023-10-17 Corning Incorporated Glass compositions with high refractive indexes and low densities

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109502964B (zh) * 2018-12-07 2023-03-28 成都光明光电股份有限公司 重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5950048A (ja) * 1982-09-16 1984-03-22 Ohara Inc 光学ガラス
US20070004581A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-01-04 Konica Minolta Opto, Inc. Optical glass and optical element
CN108249755A (zh) * 2018-03-27 2018-07-06 成都光明光电股份有限公司 光学玻璃
TW201833048A (zh) * 2016-11-30 2018-09-16 日商小原股份有限公司 光學玻璃、預成形體構材以及光學元件
CN109502964A (zh) * 2018-12-07 2019-03-22 成都光明光电股份有限公司 重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR8605356A (pt) * 1985-11-29 1987-08-04 Corning Glass Works Vidro para aplicacoes oticas e/ou oftalmicas
DE10122263C2 (de) * 2001-05-08 2003-04-03 Schott Glas Optische Gläser und ihre Verwendung
JP2009203155A (ja) * 2008-01-31 2009-09-10 Ohara Inc 光学ガラス
BR112016004075B1 (pt) 2013-09-25 2020-03-24 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Cilindro compósito de laminação a quente fundido por centrifugação
CN104944767B (zh) * 2014-03-26 2017-11-14 成都光明光电股份有限公司 高折射高色散光学玻璃
JP2016108216A (ja) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-20 セントラル硝子株式会社 蛍光体分散ガラス
JP2018203605A (ja) * 2016-10-03 2018-12-27 株式会社オハラ 光学ガラス、プリフォーム及び光学素子
CN107140824B (zh) * 2017-07-03 2019-07-30 成都光明光电股份有限公司 重镧火石光学玻璃

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5950048A (ja) * 1982-09-16 1984-03-22 Ohara Inc 光学ガラス
US20070004581A1 (en) * 2005-06-30 2007-01-04 Konica Minolta Opto, Inc. Optical glass and optical element
TW201833048A (zh) * 2016-11-30 2018-09-16 日商小原股份有限公司 光學玻璃、預成形體構材以及光學元件
CN108249755A (zh) * 2018-03-27 2018-07-06 成都光明光电股份有限公司 光学玻璃
CN109502964A (zh) * 2018-12-07 2019-03-22 成都光明光电股份有限公司 重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11787729B2 (en) 2020-05-18 2023-10-17 Corning Incorporated Glass compositions with high refractive indexes and low densities
WO2023183141A1 (en) 2022-03-25 2023-09-28 Corning Incorporated Optical glasses containing bismuth oxide

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2023134579A (ja) 2023-09-27
CN109502964B (zh) 2023-03-28
JP2022510707A (ja) 2022-01-27
CN109502964A (zh) 2019-03-22
JP7311603B2 (ja) 2023-07-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
TWI779744B (zh) 光學玻璃、玻璃預製件及光學元件
CN109264989B (zh) 光学玻璃、其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器
CN109721241B (zh) 光学玻璃、玻璃预制件、光学元件及光学仪器
TWI729504B (zh) 光學玻璃、其預製件、光學元件和光學儀器
CN110255893B (zh) 光学玻璃、玻璃预制件、光学元件及光学仪器
CN110342814B (zh) 高折射高色散光学玻璃
CN109970338B (zh) 光学玻璃、玻璃预制件、光学元件及光学仪器
CN110316960B (zh) 光学玻璃、玻璃预制件、光学元件及光学仪器
CN110128005B (zh) 光学玻璃
CN109437556B (zh) 重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器
CN109987835B (zh) 光学玻璃、玻璃预制件、光学元件及光学仪器
WO2022267751A1 (zh) 特殊色散光学玻璃
WO2020114255A1 (zh) 重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器
JP7331092B2 (ja) 光学ガラス、プリフォーム、光学素子及びその光学機器
CN113264675A (zh) 光学玻璃、光学元件和光学仪器
CN111285602B (zh) 重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器
CN109775982B (zh) 光学玻璃
CN109851217B (zh) 重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器
TW202210430A (zh) 光學玻璃及光學元件
CN111204972A (zh) 光学玻璃、玻璃预制件、光学元件和光学仪器
CN111204970A (zh) 光学玻璃、玻璃预制件和光学元件
CN111285601B (zh) 重镧火石玻璃及其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器
CN115028353A (zh) 具有负向反常色散的光学玻璃
CN110963700B (zh) 光学玻璃、其预制件、光学元件和光学仪器
CN111320381A (zh) 光学玻璃、玻璃预制件和光学元件

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19893923

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2021532249

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19893923

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19893923

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1