WO2020113806A1 - 平地机 - Google Patents

平地机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020113806A1
WO2020113806A1 PCT/CN2019/073484 CN2019073484W WO2020113806A1 WO 2020113806 A1 WO2020113806 A1 WO 2020113806A1 CN 2019073484 W CN2019073484 W CN 2019073484W WO 2020113806 A1 WO2020113806 A1 WO 2020113806A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
beam member
frame
grader according
grader
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/073484
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高乐
侯鹏龙
段俊杰
Original Assignee
江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司
徐州徐工筑路机械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司, 徐州徐工筑路机械有限公司 filed Critical 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司
Priority to US16/480,525 priority Critical patent/US20200378086A1/en
Publication of WO2020113806A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020113806A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/7663—Graders with the scraper blade mounted under a frame supported by wheels, or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/006—Pivot joint assemblies
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/7622—Scraper equipment with the scraper blade mounted on a frame to be hitched to the tractor by bars, arms, chains or the like, the frame having no ground supporting means of its own, e.g. drag scrapers
    • E02F3/7627—Scraper equipment with the scraper blade mounted on a frame to be hitched to the tractor by bars, arms, chains or the like, the frame having no ground supporting means of its own, e.g. drag scrapers with the scraper blade adjustable relative to the frame about a vertical axis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/7622—Scraper equipment with the scraper blade mounted on a frame to be hitched to the tractor by bars, arms, chains or the like, the frame having no ground supporting means of its own, e.g. drag scrapers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/7622—Scraper equipment with the scraper blade mounted on a frame to be hitched to the tractor by bars, arms, chains or the like, the frame having no ground supporting means of its own, e.g. drag scrapers
    • E02F3/7631—Scraper equipment with the scraper blade mounted on a frame to be hitched to the tractor by bars, arms, chains or the like, the frame having no ground supporting means of its own, e.g. drag scrapers with the scraper blade adjustable relative to the frame about a horizontal axis

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of construction machinery, in particular to a grader.
  • the grader is the main machine used in earthwork engineering for shaping and leveling operations. It is also an important equipment in the construction of national defense engineering, mine construction, road construction, water conservancy construction and farmland improvement.
  • the inventor found that the reason why the grader has a wide range of auxiliary operations is that its blade can complete six degrees of freedom movement in space, and the swing frame structure as the main load-bearing structural part is the key structural part to complete these actions.
  • the stability of the frame is directly related to the stability of the vehicle. Especially during trenching and slope scraping operations, the swing frame swings to the limit position, so that the blade reaches 90 degrees on the side.
  • the swing structure used in the flat ground is a casting, and its shape is a "T" shape or a "y” shape.
  • the related grader has an unreasonable structural design of the pendulum, and the rigidity and strength of the pendulum are weak, which causes a large bending moment of the pendulum during trenching and slope scraping operations.
  • the pendulum is easy to be torn, which affects the stability of the whole vehicle; the rigidity and strength are improved after the structural size is strengthened, but the heavy weight is not conducive to the lightweight design of the pendulum structure.
  • the present disclosure proposes a grader to optimize the structure of the swing frame.
  • the present disclosure provides a pendulum including:
  • the swing frame includes a support beam assembly and a connection portion;
  • the support beam assembly includes a plurality of beam members that are sequentially connected at an end so that the plurality of beam members form a closed shape;
  • the connection A portion is provided at a connecting end portion of the two adjacent beam members; at least one of the connecting portions is rotatably connected to the frame, and at least another of the connecting portions is rotatably connected to the driving portion.
  • the support beam assembly includes:
  • a second beam member the first end of which is connected to the first end of the first beam member
  • the first end is connected to the second end of the second beam member, and the second end is connected to the second end of the first beam member.
  • At least one of the first beam member, the second beam member, and the third beam member is straight or curved.
  • the cross section of at least one of the first beam member, the second beam member, and the third beam member is rectangular, circular, I-shaped, or U-shaped of.
  • first beam member, the second beam member, and the third beam member are configured to be of equal strength.
  • first beam member and the second beam member have the same length.
  • first beam member and the third beam member have the same length.
  • first beam member, the second beam member, and the third beam member enclose a triangle with a gap in the middle.
  • the support beam assembly is configured as an isosceles triangle.
  • the support beam assembly is configured as an equilateral triangle.
  • connection portion includes a first connection portion and a second connection portion
  • first connection portion includes two, respectively located at two top ends of the support beam assembly; the second connection Is located at the other top end of the support beam assembly.
  • first connection portion is configured to be cylindrical; and/or, the second connection portion includes two spaced apart lugs.
  • the driving part includes an oil cylinder
  • one of the first connecting parts is rotatably connected to the connecting plate of the front frame of the frame, and the other of the first connecting part is connected to the
  • the oil cylinder can be rotatably connected
  • the second connection part can be rotatably connected to the cross beam of the front frame of the frame; the connecting plate of the front frame, the cross beam of the front frame, the swing frame and the
  • the oil cylinder forms a four-bar linkage.
  • a support beam assembly connected in sequence at the ends is used, and each beam of the support beam assembly can be carried.
  • the support beam assembly is generally triangular.
  • the support beam assembly withstands the bending and torsion resistance of the swing frame.
  • each side of the support beam assembly can play a role of bearing and supporting, which improves the stress of the swing frame and improves the carrying capacity of the swing frame, avoiding the use of "T" or "y” in the related art.
  • the shortcomings of single beam bending and torsion caused by the shape structure under the same load-bearing capacity, the support beam assembly of the above structure has a smaller structure, good performance, smaller volume and weight, which is conducive to the improvement of the performance of the vehicle and the lightness of the vehicle. Quantitative implementation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view 1 of a swing frame of a grader in use according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a second perspective schematic view 2 of a swing frame of a grader provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure in use state;
  • FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic view 3 of a swing frame of a grader provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure in use state;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a swing frame of a grader provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5a is a first schematic diagram of some optional positions of the first connecting portion of the swing gear provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5b is a second schematic diagram of some optional positions of the first connecting portion of the motor grader swing frame provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5c is a schematic diagram 3 of some optional positions of the first connecting portion of the grader swing frame provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram 1 of some alternative positions of the first connecting portion of the swing gear provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • 6b is a second schematic diagram of other optional positions of the first connection portion of the swing gear of the motor grader provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • 6c is a schematic diagram 3 of some alternative positions of the first connecting portion of the grader swing frame provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a grader including a frame 4 and a swing frame 10.
  • the swing frame 10 includes a support beam assembly 1 and a connecting portion.
  • the support beam assembly 1 includes a plurality of beam members, which are sequentially connected at the ends so that the plurality of beam members form a closed shape.
  • the connecting parts are provided at the connecting ends of two adjacent beam members, and the number of the connecting parts is at least two.
  • the sequential connection at the ends means that the ends of each beam are connected to other beams, and the entire support beam assembly 1 is generally triangular.
  • each beam of the support beam assembly 1 is constructed to be of equal strength.
  • the drive unit includes an oil cylinder.
  • each connection portion may be the same or different.
  • the connecting portion is used to connect the swing frame 10 to the vehicle frame 4 and the swing frame 10 to the oil cylinder.
  • the top end of the support beam assembly 1 refers to the support beam assembly as a whole, and its protruding position, taking a triangular structure as an example, the end of the support beam assembly 1 refers to three vertices of the triangular structure.
  • connection portion includes a first connection portion 2 and a second connection portion 3, and the first connection portion 2 includes two, respectively located at two ends of the support beam assembly 1.
  • the second connection portion 3 is located at the other end of the support beam assembly 1.
  • the first connection part 2 and the second connection part 3 have different structures, for example.
  • the first connection part 2 is a cylindrical structure, and/or, the second connection part 3 includes two hinge ears arranged at intervals.
  • FIGS. 5a to 6c The optional arrangement of the first connection part 2 is shown in FIGS. 5a to 6c.
  • Figures 5a to 5c illustrate some arrangements, and Figures 6a to 6c illustrate other arrangements.
  • the structure of the connecting portions of the two ends of the swing frame 10 is the same, both are cylindrical structures; the connecting portion of the third end is the hinge lugs.
  • the connection relationship of the three connecting parts is as follows: one of the cylindrical structures is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 41 on the frame 4, specifically the connecting plate 41 on the front frame, and the other cylindrical structure is rotatable with the cylinder
  • the hinge ears are rotatably connected to the beam 42 of the front frame.
  • the whole front frame, the swing frame 10 and the oil cylinder constitute a four-bar linkage mechanism.
  • the posture of the swing frame 10 is adjusted by changing the position where the hinge lug and the beam 42 of the front frame are rotatably connected, thereby adjusting the working condition of the grader.
  • the pendulum 10 provided by the above technical solution, when the pendulum 10 swings to the limit position, the structure of the pendulum 10 is subjected to bending moment and torque, even if the performance of the grader is improved, the tonnage is increased, the blade width and the load are increased accordingly
  • the bending and torsion performance of the swing frame 10 structure can also meet the requirements of use, so that the stability of the whole vehicle can be achieved.
  • the support beam assembly 1 includes a first beam member 11, a second beam member 12 and a third beam member 13.
  • the first end of the second beam member 12 is connected to the first end of the first beam member 11; the first end of the third beam member 13 is connected to the second end of the second beam member 12, and the second end is connected to the first beam member The second end of 11 is connected.
  • the structures of the first beam member 11, the second beam member 12, and the third beam member 13 are substantially the same. Specifically, the structures of the first beam member 11 and the second beam member 12 are almost the same, and the hinge lugs are provided at the intersection of the first beam member 11 and the second beam member 12. At the other two ends of the triangular structure are cylindrical structures. Since the structure of the lugs is different from the cylindrical structure, the structure of the third beam member 13 is different from that of the first beam member 11. Specifically, the ends of the third beam member 13 are not provided with grooves, and the ends of the first beam member 11 and the second beam member 12 are provided with grooves, which correspond to the structure of the hinge lugs.
  • the first beam member 11 is straight or curved.
  • the second beam member 12 is straight or curved.
  • the third beam member 13 is straight or curved. For example, all of them are straight beams, or all are curved toward the inside of the support beam assembly 1. Or one or two of them are straight beams and the rest are curved.
  • each beam supporting the beam assembly 1 is described below.
  • the cross section of the first beam member 11 is rectangular, circular, I-shaped or U-shaped.
  • the cross section of the second beam member 12 is rectangular, circular, I-shaped or U-shaped.
  • the cross section of the third beam member 13 is rectangular, circular, I-shaped or U-shaped.
  • each beam of the support beam assembly 1 is configured to be of equal strength, specifically, the first beam member 11, the second beam member 12 and the third beam member 13 are of equal strength. This structure enables the first beam member 11, the second beam member 12, and the third beam member 13 to carry well regardless of the working position.
  • the first beam member 11 and the second beam member 12 have the same length.
  • the first beam member 11 and the third beam member 13 have the same length.
  • the first beam member 11, the second beam member 12, and the third beam member 13 enclose a triangle with a gap 5 in the middle.
  • the outline shape of the gap 5 is also generally triangular.
  • the triangular gap 5 is helpful for the driver to view the field of vision of the front wheels of the grader and observe the situation of the front tires. The driver does not need to observe sideways, reducing the driver’s Hidden dangers caused by personal safety.
  • the support beam assembly 1 has a substantially "inverted triangle” shape, and the shape of the gap 5 is also an “inverted triangle” shape.
  • the support beam assembly 1 bears the bending and torsion effects of the swing frame 10.
  • the first beam member 11, the second beam member 12, and the third beam member 13 are welded.
  • the welded support beam assembly 1 is convenient for processing and manufacturing, and under the premise that the bearing capacity meets the requirements, its size is relatively small and the weight is relatively light.
  • the support beam assembly 1 is cast.
  • the overall casting has better structural strength and better bearing capacity.
  • the above technical solution through topological optimization design, adopts the casting method to form a new layout structure of the grader swing frame 10, which is not only light in weight, but also has high bending rigidity and strength, which effectively solves the structural weight, structural rigidity and strength.
  • the design contradiction is beneficial to the lightweight design of the grader swing frame 10 structure, to the reliability of the grader swing frame 10 structure, and to improve the operation safety and stability of the vehicle.
  • the pendulum frame 10 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the vehicle frame 4, and is generally provided as two pendulum frames 10, with the driver's line of sight as a reference, one on the left of the driver's line of sight and one on the right of the driver's line of sight.
  • two of the ends of the swing frame 10 are rotatably connected to the frame 4.
  • one of the cylindrical structures is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 41 on the front frame
  • the other cylindrical structure is rotatably connected to the oil cylinder
  • the hinge lugs are rotatably connected to the cross beam 42 of the front frame.
  • the whole front frame, the swing frame 10 and the oil cylinder constitute a four-bar linkage mechanism.
  • the four parts of the connecting plate 41 on the front frame, the beam 42 of the front frame, the swing frame 10 and the oil cylinder constitute a four-bar linkage mechanism.
  • the posture of the swing frame 10 is adjusted by changing the position where the hinge lug and the beam 42 of the front frame are rotatably connected, thereby adjusting the working condition of the grader.

Abstract

一种平地机，包括车架(4)和摆架(10)，摆架(10)包括支撑梁组件(1)和连接部(2,3)；支撑梁组件(1)包括多根梁构件(11,12,13)，多根梁构件(11,12,13)在端部处顺序相连，以使得多根梁构件(11,12,13)形成闭合形状；连接部(2,3)设于相邻的两根梁构件(11,12,13)的连接端部处；至少一个连接部（2,3）与车架(4)可转动连接，至少另一个连接部 (2,3)与驱动部可转动连接。在相同承载能力下，支撑梁组件(1)的结构更小，各根梁都能承载，所占用的体积及重量都更小，有利于整车轻量化的实施。

Description

平地机
本公开是以CN申请号为201811476371.1，申请日为2018年12月5号的申请为 基础，并主张其优先权，该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及工程机械领域，具体涉及一种平地机。
背景技术
平地机是土方工程中用于整形和平整作业的主要机械，是国防工程、矿山建设、道路修筑、水利建设和农田改良等施工中的重要设备。发明人发现，平地机之所以有广泛的辅助作业能力，是由于它的铲刀能在空间完成六自由度运动，其中摆架结构作为主承载结构件，是完成这些动作的关键结构件，摆架的稳定性直接关系到整车的稳定性。特别是在挖沟和刮坡作业时，摆架摆动到极限位置，使得铲刀达到侧立90度。
目前，平地所使用的摆驾结构为铸造件，其形状为“T”字形或“y”字形。
发明人发现，相关技术中至少存在下述问题：相关的平地机由于摆架结构设计不合理，摆架刚度、强度较弱，造成平地机挖沟及刮坡作业时摆架弯矩很大，摆架容易被撕裂，影响整车稳定性；加强结构尺寸后刚度及强度有所提高，但重量大，不利于摆架结构轻量化设计。
发明内容
本公开提出一种平地机，用以优化摆架的结构。
本公开提供了一种摆架，包括：
车架；以及
摆架，包括支撑梁组件和连接部；所述支撑梁组件包括多根梁构件，所述多根梁构件在端部处顺序相连，以使得所述多根梁构件形成闭合形状；所述连接部设于相邻的所述两根梁构件的连接端部处；至少一个所述连接部与所述车架可转动连接，至少另一个所述连接部与驱动部可转动连接。
在一些实施例中，所述支撑梁组件包括：
第一梁构件；
第二梁构件，第一端与所述第一梁构件的第一端连接；以及
第三梁构件，第一端与所述第二梁构件的第二端连接，且第二端与所述第一梁构件的第二端连接。
在一些实施例中，其中，所述第一梁构件、所述第二梁构件和所述第三梁构件中的至少一种是直的或者弯的。
在一些实施例中，其中，所述第一梁构件、所述第二梁构件和所述第三梁构件中的至少一种的横截面是矩形的、圆形的、工字形的或者U形的。
在一些实施例中，其中，所述第一梁构件、所述第二梁构件和所述第三梁构件被构造为等强度的。
在一些实施例中，其中，所述第一梁构件和所述第二梁构件的长度相同。
在一些实施例中，其中，所述第一梁构件和所述第三梁构件的长度相同。
在一些实施例中，其中，所述第一梁构件、所述第二梁构件和所述第三梁构件围成中间具有空隙的三角形。
在一些实施例中，其中，所述支撑梁组件被构造为等腰三角形。
在一些实施例中，其中，所述支撑梁组件被构造为等边三角形。
在一些实施例中，其中，所述支撑梁组件是焊接的。
在一些实施例中，其中，所述支撑梁组件是铸造的。
在一些实施例中，其中，所述连接部包括第一连接部和第二连接部，所述第一连接部包括两个，分别位于所述支撑梁组件的两个顶端；所述第二连接部位于所述支撑梁组件的另一个顶端。
在一些实施例中，其中，所述第一连接部被构造为圆筒状的；和/或，所述第二连接部包括两个间隔设置的铰耳。
在一些实施例中，其中，所述驱动部包括油缸；其中一个所述第一连接部与所述车架的前机架的连接板可转动连接，另一个所述第一连接部与所述油缸可转动连接；所述第二连接部与所述车架的前机架的横梁可转动连接；所述前机架的连接板、所述前机架的横梁、所述摆架以及所述油缸组成四连杆机构。
上述技术方案，采用端部顺序相连的支撑梁组件，支撑梁组件的每根梁均能承载，以三根梁为例，支撑梁组件大致呈三角形的。支撑梁组件承受摆架的抗弯及抗扭作用。在使用过程中，支撑梁组件的每条边都能起到承载、支撑作用，改善了摆架的受力，提高了摆架的承载能力，避免了相关技术中采用“T”字形或“y”字形结构带来的单 梁承弯及承扭的弊端。并且，上述结构的支撑梁，在相同承载能力下，上述结构的支撑梁组件结构更小，性能好，所占用的体积及重量都更小，有利于整车性能的提升，有利于整车轻量化的实施。
附图说明
图1为本公开一些实施例提供的平地机的摆架处于使用状态立体示意图一；
图2为本公开一些实施例提供的平地机的摆架处于使用状态立体示意图二；
图3为本公开一些实施例提供的平地机的摆架处于使用状态立体示意图三；
图4为本公开一些实施例提供的平地机的摆架立体结构示意图；
图5a为本公开一些实施例提供的平地机摆架的第一连接部的一些可选位置示意图一；
图5b为本公开一些实施例提供的平地机摆架的第一连接部的一些可选位置示意图二；
图5c为本公开一些实施例提供的平地机摆架的第一连接部的一些可选位置示意图三；
图6a为本公开一些实施例提供的平地机摆架的第一连接部的另一些可选位置示意图一；
图6b为本公开一些实施例提供的平地机摆架的第一连接部的另一些可选位置示意图二；
图6c为本公开一些实施例提供的平地机摆架的第一连接部的另一些可选位置示意图三。
具体实施方式
下面结合图1～图6c对本公开提供的技术方案进行更为详细的阐述。
参见图1，本公开实施例提供了一种平地机，包括车架4和摆架10。摆架10包括支撑梁组件1和连接部。支撑梁组件1包括多根梁构件，多根梁构件在端部处顺序相连，以使得多根梁构件形成闭合形状。连接部设于相邻的两根梁构件的连接端部处，连接部的数量至少为两个。存在至少一个连接部与车架4可转动连接，存在至少另一个连接部与驱动部可转动连接。
以支撑梁组件1包括三根梁为例，端部处顺序相连是指每根梁的端部都与其他梁 相连，整个支撑梁组件1大致为三角形。
在一些实施例中，支撑梁组件1的每根梁都被构造为等强度的。驱动部包括油缸。
各个连接部的结构可以相同或者不相同。连接部用于实现摆架10与车架4、摆架10与油缸的连接。
支撑梁组件1的顶端是指支撑梁组件作为整体，其突出的位置，以三角形结构为例，支撑梁组件1的端部是指三角形结构的三个顶点。
参见图2，在一些实施例中，连接部包括第一连接部2和第二连接部3，第一连接部2包括两个，分别位于支撑梁组件1的两个端部。第二连接部3位于支撑梁组件1的另一个端部。
第一连接部2和第二连接部3比如采用不同的结构。第一连接部2为圆筒状结构，和/或，第二连接部3包括两个间隔设置的铰耳。
第一连接部2可选的布置方式如图5a至图6c所示。图5a至图5c示意了一些布置方式，图6a至图6c示意了另一些布置方式。
上述技术方案，摆架10其中两个端部的连接部的结构相同，都为圆筒状结构；第三个端部的连接部则为铰耳。三个连接部的连接关系具体如下：其中一个圆筒状结构与车架4上的连接板41，具体与前机架上的连接板41可转动连接，另一个圆筒状结构与油缸可转动连接，铰耳与前机架的横梁42可转动连接。前机架整体、摆架10以及油缸组成四连杆机构。通过改变铰耳与前机架的横梁42可转动连接的位置，调节摆架10的姿态，进而实现平地机工况的调节。上述技术方案提供的摆架10，当摆架10摆动到极限位置，此时摆架10结构受到弯矩和扭矩，即便平地机作业性能提高，吨位增大，铲刀宽度及受载载荷相应增加，其摆架10结构的抗弯及抗扭性能也能满足使用要求，使得整车稳定性得以实现。
参见图1和图4，在一些实施例中，支撑梁组件1包括第一梁构件11、第二梁构件12以及第三梁构件13。第二梁构件12的第一端与第一梁构件11的第一端连接；第三梁构件13的第一端与第二梁构件12的第二端连接，第二端与第一梁构件11的第二端连接。
第一梁构件11、第二梁构件12以及第三梁构件13的结构大致相同。具体来说，第一梁构件11和第二梁构件12的结构是几乎完全相同的，第一梁构件11和第二梁构件12相交处设置的是铰耳。三角形结构的另外两个端部处设置的是圆筒状结构。由于铰耳的结构与圆筒状结构有所不同，故第三梁构件13的结构与第一梁构件11有 所不同。具体来说第三梁构件13的端部没有设置凹槽，第一梁构件11和第二梁构件12的端部都设有凹槽，该凹槽与铰耳的结构对应。
在一些实施例中，第一梁构件11是直的或者弯的。和/或，第二梁构件12是直的或者弯的。和/或，第三梁构件13是直的或者弯的。比如都为直梁，或者都为朝着支撑梁组件1内部弯曲的。或者其中一根或者两根为直梁，其余的为弯的。
下面介绍支撑梁组件1的各根梁的形状。第一梁构件11的横截面是矩形的、圆形的、工字形的或者U形的。和/或，第二梁构件12的横截面是矩形的、圆形的、工字形的或者U形的。和/或，第三梁构件13的横截面是矩形的、圆形的、工字形的或者U形的。
承上述，支撑梁组件1的各梁被构造为等强度的，具体地，即第一梁构件11、第二梁构件12和第三梁构件13是等强度的。该结构，使得摆架10无论出于何种工作位置，第一梁构件11、第二梁构件12、第三梁构件13都良好承载。
参见图4，在一些实施例中，第一梁构件11和第二梁构件12的长度相同。
参见图4，在一些实施例中，第一梁构件11和第三梁构件13的长度相同。
参见图4和图5a，在一些实施例中，第一梁构件11、第二梁构件12和第三梁构件13围成中间具有空隙5的三角形。
空隙5的轮廓形状大致也为三角形，该三角形的空隙5有利于驾驶员观看平地机前轮视野问题，观察前轮胎所处情况，且驾驶员不需要侧身观察，减少了在行驶中对驾驶员人身安全造成的隐患。
支撑梁组件1大致呈“倒三角”形状，该空隙5的形状也为“倒三角”形状。支撑梁组件1承受摆架10的抗弯及抗扭作用。
在一些实施例中，第一梁构件11、所第二梁构件12和第三梁构件13是焊接的。焊接的支撑梁组件1，便于加工制造，且在承载能力满足要求的前提下，其尺寸比较小，重量比较轻。
在一些实施例中，支撑梁组件1是铸造的。整体铸造，其结构强度更好，承载能力更好。
上述技术方案，通过拓扑优化设计，采用铸造方式，形成平地机摆架10新型布局结构，其结构不仅重量轻，且具有很高的抗弯刚度及强度，有效解决了结构重量与结构刚度、强度的设计矛盾，有利于平地机摆架10结构轻量化设计，有利于平地机摆架10结构的可靠性，提升整车的作业安全性与稳定性。
参见图3，摆架10相对于车架4对称设置，一般设置为两个摆架10，以驾驶员的视线方向为参照，驾驶员视线左边一个、驾驶员视线右边一个。
在一些实施例中，摆架10的其中两个端部与车架4可转动连接。参见图3，其中一个圆筒状结构与前机架上的连接板41可转动连接，另一个圆筒状结构与油缸可转动连接，铰耳与前机架的横梁42可转动连接。前机架整体、摆架10以及油缸组成四连杆机构。具体地，前机架上的连接板41、前机架的横梁42、摆架10以及油缸四个部件组成四连杆机构。通过改变铰耳与前机架的横梁42可转动连接的位置，调节摆架10的姿态，进而实现平地机工况的调节。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开保护范围的限制。
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本公开的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本公开进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本公开的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换；而不脱离本公开技术方案的精神，其均应涵盖在本公开请求保护的技术方案范围当中。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种平地机，包括：
    车架(4)；以及
    摆架(10)，包括支撑梁组件(1)和连接部；所述支撑梁组件(1)包括多根梁构件，所述多根梁构件在端部处顺序相连，以使得所述多根梁构件形成闭合形状；所述连接部设于相邻的所述两根梁构件的连接端部处；至少一个所述连接部与所述车架(4)可转动连接，至少另一个所述连接部与驱动部可转动连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的平地机，其中，所述支撑梁组件(1)包括：
    第一梁构件(11)；
    第二梁构件(12)，第一端与所述第一梁构件(11)的第一端连接；以及
    第三梁构件(13)，第一端与所述第二梁构件(12)的第二端连接，且第二端与所述第一梁构件(11)的第二端连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的平地机，其中，所述第一梁构件(11)、所述第二梁构件(12)和所述第三梁构件(13)中的至少一种是直的或者弯的。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的平地机，其中，所述第一梁构件(11)、所述第二梁构件(12)和所述第三梁构件(13)中的至少一种的横截面是矩形的、圆形的、工字形的或者U形的。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的平地机，其中，所述第一梁构件(11)、所述第二梁构件(12)和所述第三梁构件(13)被构造为等强度的。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的平地机，其中，所述第一梁构件(11)和所述第二梁构件(12)的长度相同。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的平地机，其中，所述第一梁构件(11)和所述第三梁构件(13)的长度相同。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的平地机，其中，所述第一梁构件(11)、所述第二梁构件(12)和所述第三梁构件(13)围成中间具有空隙(5)的三角形。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的平地机，其中，所述支撑梁组件(1)被构造为等腰三角形。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的平地机，其中，所述支撑梁组件(1)被构造为等边三角形。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的平地机，其中，所述支撑梁组件(1)是焊接的。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的平地机，其中，所述支撑梁组件(1)是铸造的。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的平地机，其中，所述连接部包括第一连接部(2)和第二连接部(3)，所述第一连接部(2)包括两个，分别位于所述支撑梁组件(1)的两个顶端；所述第二连接部(3)位于所述支撑梁组件(1)的另一个顶端。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的平地机，其中，所述第一连接部(2)被构造为圆筒状的；和/或，所述第二连接部(3)包括两个间隔设置的铰耳。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的平地机，其中，所述驱动部包括油缸；其中一个所述第一连接部(2)与所述车架(4)的前机架的连接板(41)可转动连接，另一个所述第一连接部(2)与所述油缸可转动连接；所述第二连接部(3)与所述车架的前机架的横梁(42)可转动连接；所述前机架的连接板(41)、所述前机架的横梁(42)、所述摆架(10)以及所述油缸组成四连杆机构。
PCT/CN2019/073484 2018-12-05 2019-01-28 平地机 WO2020113806A1 (zh)

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