WO2020108074A1 - 车联网通信方法、分发模块、中心服务器以及区域服务器 - Google Patents

车联网通信方法、分发模块、中心服务器以及区域服务器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020108074A1
WO2020108074A1 PCT/CN2019/108467 CN2019108467W WO2020108074A1 WO 2020108074 A1 WO2020108074 A1 WO 2020108074A1 CN 2019108467 W CN2019108467 W CN 2019108467W WO 2020108074 A1 WO2020108074 A1 WO 2020108074A1
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Prior art keywords
distribution module
server
vehicle
location
cluster
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PCT/CN2019/108467
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周凯
刘艳
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP19891652.0A priority Critical patent/EP3869842A4/en
Publication of WO2020108074A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020108074A1/zh
Priority to US17/334,087 priority patent/US20210289415A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/32—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/021—Services related to particular areas, e.g. point of interest [POI] services, venue services or geofences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/52—Network services specially adapted for the location of the user terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/32—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
    • H04W36/322—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data by location data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/025—Services making use of location information using location based information parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H04W4/44—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for communication between vehicles and infrastructures, e.g. vehicle-to-cloud [V2C] or vehicle-to-home [V2H]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H04W4/46—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for vehicle-to-vehicle communication [V2V]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method of communicating with vehicles, a distribution module, a central server, and a regional server.
  • Vehicle to vehicle refers to the communication system between vehicles, or between vehicles and pedestrians or cyclists, and between vehicles and infrastructure.
  • the vehicle uses various sensors (such as lidar, millimeter wave radar, etc.) and cameras mounted on the vehicle to obtain the driving status of the vehicle, the system operating status (can be fed back through the CAN bus, such as the brake status, turn signal status, etc.) and the surrounding road environment Information (the roadside system can broadcast static or dynamic information, and the vehicle can also have a built-in high-precision map, etc.), and at the same time obtain the accurate location information of the vehicle by using GPS or other positioning methods (such as cellular network positioning, visual positioning, inertial navigation and other technologies) And, through short-range communication and cellular network communication and other technologies, these information will be transmitted end to end, and then realize the sharing of information in the entire car networking system. Through the analysis and processing of this information, timely reporting of road conditions and early warning of driving conditions to the driver can effectively improve the efficiency of vehicle communication and the safety of vehicle communication.
  • sensors such as lidar
  • Vehicles can communicate with each other through the PC5 interface, and vehicles can also communicate with the V2X server through the Uu interface; smart road facilities (such as traffic lights, electronic signs, etc.), pedestrians, and motorcycles can also be connected to the V2X server. Realize V2X communication.
  • V2X server network is considered in the Internet of Vehicles architecture.
  • departments or institutions in different regions will deploy their own V2X servers, and vehicles will cross during driving. How to realize the continuity of V2X services under the network architecture of multiple V2X servers in the service areas of different IoV servers has become a key technical issue for V2X large-scale commercial use.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method of networking communication and related devices, so that vehicles can enjoy continuous networking services when driving across different geographic areas.
  • the first aspect of the present application proposes a method of communication of connected vehicles, including:
  • the first distribution module receives and sends the report data of the vehicle to the first regional server in the first cluster, where the reported data includes information about the first location of the vehicle, and the cluster is a server cluster composed of regional servers.
  • the vehicle when the vehicle is located within the service area of the first cluster, the vehicle may communicate with the first distribution module of the first cluster. In a possible implementation, the vehicle communicates with the first distribution module through the identification or address of the first distribution module. Specifically, when the vehicle is located within the service area of the first cluster, the vehicle sends report data to the first distribution module, and the report data includes information about the first location of the vehicle. In a possible implementation, the first position is the current position of the vehicle.
  • the first distribution module may determine whether the geographic location of the first location belongs to the server of the first cluster. If it is determined that the first location is located in the service area of the first cluster, it may be determined that the first location is within the service area of the first area server in the first cluster, that is, the vehicle is currently located in the first cluster Within the service area of the first area server.
  • the first distribution module receives information about the second position of the vehicle sent by the first area server, the second position is a position predicted by the first area server based on the first position that the vehicle will reach, the second position Located outside the service area of the first area server.
  • the first regional server may provide a service to the vehicle, and the service includes trajectory prediction.
  • the first area server can predict the predicted trajectory of the vehicle to provide services such as road condition messages and collision warning.
  • the first regional server may also determine that the vehicle will leave the service area of the first regional server according to the predicted trajectory of the vehicle. Specifically, the first regional server predicts the first Two locations, the second location is outside the service area of the first regional server.
  • the first distribution module determines that the second location is outside the service area of the first cluster, the first distribution module obtains the identifier or address of the second distribution module according to the second location, and the second distribution module is used to receive The received vehicle data is distributed to the regional server in the second cluster, and the second location is located within the service area of the second cluster.
  • the first distribution module sends the identifier or address of the second distribution module to the vehicle, and the identifier or address of the second distribution module is used to enable the vehicle to communicate with the second distribution module through the identifier or address of the second distribution module .
  • the service area of a cluster is not infinite. In a possible implementation, the service area of a cluster can be a city, a district/county, or other administrative units. There are no restrictions. It should be noted that when the vehicle travels from the service area of one cluster to the service area of another cluster, the distribution module that communicates with the vehicle is different, and the vehicle has to switch the access address, so it is necessary to obtain the corresponding The ID or address of the distribution module.
  • the smallest unit is the cluster, not the regional server, which increases the granularity of access address switching and reduces the frequency of access address switching, thus saving the cumbersome process in the switching process, thereby saving the vehicle and the first area The performance overhead of the server.
  • the first location is located within the service area of the first regional server, and the first distribution module determines the first regional server according to the first location and sends it to the first regional server Reporting data of the vehicle, so that the first area server can provide services for the vehicle.
  • the first location is also located within the service area of the second regional server
  • the second regional server is a regional server in the first cluster
  • the first distribution module is also based on the first A location information determines the second area server, and sends the received report data of the vehicle to the second area server, so the first area server can perform trajectory prediction on the vehicle, so that when the vehicle leaves the first area As a regional server, business continuity can be guaranteed.
  • the first distribution module obtains the identifier or address belonging to the second distribution module according to the second location, which specifically includes:
  • the first distribution module sends a message to the first central server to obtain the access information of the IoV server.
  • the message includes the information of the second location.
  • the first central server is used to control the first cluster and the second cluster. At least two server clusters are included, which provides a solution to ensure the continuity of the business of the vehicle when the vehicle crosses the service area of different clusters.
  • the first distribution module receives the identifier or address of the second distribution module sent by the first central server.
  • the first distribution module obtaining the identifier or address belonging to the second distribution module according to the second location specifically includes:
  • the first distribution module sends a message to the first central server to obtain the access information of the IoV server, the message includes the information of the second location, the first central server is used to control the first cluster, and is also used to control
  • the second central server of the second cluster communicates with each other, the first distribution module receives the identifier or address of the second distribution module sent by the first central server, and the identifier or address of the second distribution module is based on the first central server
  • the second location is obtained from the second central server, thereby providing a solution to ensure the continuity of the business of the vehicle when the vehicle crosses the service area of different central servers.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first distribution module also sends a notification message to the home center server of the vehicle, where the home center server is the contracted center server of the vehicle, and the notification message is used to notify the home center server that the vehicle is ready to be sent from the first center server
  • the service area of is driven to the service area of the second central server, so that the home central server stores information about the current location of the vehicle.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first distribution module receives location prediction information sent by the first regional server, the location prediction information indicates that the vehicle is about to go to a third location, the third location is outside the service area of the first regional server, the first distribution The module determines that the third location is within the second regional server, the first distribution module sends the received report data of the vehicle to the second regional server, the second regional server is the regional server in the first cluster, The third location is within the service area of the second area server.
  • the smallest unit is the cluster, not the regional server, which increases the granularity of access address switching and reduces the frequency of access address switching, thus saving the cumbersome process in the switching process, thereby saving the vehicle and the first area The performance overhead of the server.
  • the vehicle communicates with the first distribution module through the identification or address of the first distribution module.
  • the second aspect of the present application proposes a method of vehicle-to-vehicle communication, including:
  • the first central server obtains a message obtained by the first distribution module to obtain access information of the IoV server, where the message includes information about the second location, and the first distribution module is used to distribute the received vehicle data to the first cluster
  • the regional server is a server cluster composed of regional servers, and the first cluster is a cluster controlled by the first central server.
  • the first central server obtains the identifier or address of the second distribution module according to the second location.
  • the first central server sends the identification or address of the second distribution module to the first distribution module, the second distribution module is used to distribute the received vehicle data to the regional server in the second cluster, the second location is located Within the service area of the second cluster.
  • the smallest unit is the cluster, not the regional server, which increases the granularity of access address switching and reduces the frequency of access address switching, thus saving the cumbersome process in the switching process, thereby saving the vehicle and the first area The performance overhead of the server.
  • the second location is located within the service area of the first central server.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first central server determines a second cluster according to the second location, and the second cluster is a cluster controlled by the first central server.
  • the second location is located outside the service area of the first central server, and the first central server acquiring the identifier or address of the second distribution module according to the second location includes:
  • the first central server sends the second location message to the second central server.
  • the first central server receives the identifier or address of the second distribution module sent by the second central server.
  • the third aspect of the present application proposes a method of vehicle-to-vehicle communication, including:
  • the first area server receives the report data of the vehicle sent by the first distribution module, and the report data includes information about the first location of the vehicle.
  • the first distribution module is used to distribute the received vehicle data to the first cluster Regional server, the cluster is a server cluster composed of regional servers, and the first cluster includes the first regional server.
  • the first regional server predicts a second location where the vehicle will arrive based on the first location, the second location being outside the service area of the first regional server.
  • the first area server sends location prediction information to the first distribution module, where the location prediction information is used to indicate that the vehicle is about to go to the second location.
  • the smallest unit is the cluster, not the regional server, which increases the granularity of access address switching and reduces the frequency of access address switching, thus saving the cumbersome process in the switching process, thereby saving the vehicle and the first area The performance overhead of the server.
  • the fourth aspect of this application proposes a distribution module, including:
  • At least one processor and communication interface At least one processor and communication interface.
  • the communication interface is used to distribute the received vehicle data to the regional servers in the cluster.
  • the cluster is a server cluster composed of regional servers.
  • the at least one processor is used to determine the location of the vehicle from the received vehicle data and determine whether the location of the vehicle is located in the service area of the cluster.
  • the communication interface is also used to perform the method described in the first aspect.
  • the smallest unit is the cluster, not the regional server, which increases the granularity of access address switching and reduces the frequency of access address switching, thus saving the cumbersome process in the switching process, thereby saving the vehicle and the first area The performance overhead of the server.
  • a fifth aspect of this application proposes a central server, including:
  • At least one processor and communication interface At least one processor and communication interface.
  • the communication interface is used to send instructions to the distribution module to control the cluster.
  • the cluster is a server cluster composed of regional servers.
  • the distribution module is used to distribute the received vehicle data to the regional servers in the cluster.
  • the at least one processor is used to determine whether the vehicle is located in the service area of the central server from the received position of the vehicle.
  • the communication interface is also used to execute the communication method described in the second or third aspect.
  • the at least one processor is also used to execute the information processing method described in the second aspect above.
  • the smallest unit is the cluster, not the regional server, which increases the granularity of access address switching and reduces the frequency of access address switching, thus saving the cumbersome process in the switching process, thereby saving the vehicle and the first area The performance overhead of the server.
  • the sixth aspect of the present application proposes a regional server, including:
  • At least one processor and communication interface At least one processor and communication interface.
  • the communication interface is used to receive the report data of the vehicle sent by the first distribution module, where the report data includes information about the first location of the vehicle, and the first distribution module is used to distribute the received vehicle data to the first cluster
  • the cluster is a server cluster composed of regional servers, and the first cluster includes the first regional server.
  • the at least one processor is configured to predict a second location where the vehicle will arrive based on the first location, the second location being outside the service area of the first area server.
  • the communication interface is used to send location prediction information to the first distribution module, and the location prediction information is used to indicate that the vehicle is about to go to the second location.
  • the smallest unit is the cluster, not the regional server, which increases the granularity of access address switching and reduces the frequency of access address switching, thus saving the cumbersome process in the switching process, thereby saving the vehicle and the first area The performance overhead of the server.
  • the seventh aspect of the present application proposes a car networking system, including:
  • At least one cluster which is a server cluster composed of regional servers.
  • the distribution module of the cluster is used to perform the method described in the first aspect, and the distribution module is used to distribute the received vehicle data to the regional servers in the cluster.
  • the connected vehicle system further includes:
  • At least one central server should perform the method described in the second aspect above.
  • the regional server in the cluster is also used to perform the method described in the third aspect.
  • the smallest unit is the cluster, not the regional server, which increases the granularity of access address switching and reduces the frequency of access address switching, thus saving the cumbersome process in the switching process, thereby saving the vehicle and the first area The performance overhead of the server.
  • Yet another aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored therein, which when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the above aspects.
  • the smallest unit is the cluster, not the regional server, which increases the granularity of access address switching and reduces the frequency of access address switching, thus saving the cumbersome process in the switching process, thereby saving the vehicle and the first area The performance overhead of the server.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a car networking system in the prior art
  • FIG. 2-1 is a schematic structural diagram of an IoV system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 2-2 is a schematic diagram of a communication process of vehicles traveling in different V2X-R service areas of the same cluster provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle-to-vehicle communication method when a vehicle travels in the same cluster service area according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another vehicle-to-vehicle communication method when a vehicle travels in the same cluster service area according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle-to-vehicle communication method when a vehicle travels across different cluster service areas of the same central server according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle-to-vehicle communication method when a vehicle travels across different central server service areas according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for a distribution module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus of a central server provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for a regional server according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used to describe various messages, requests, and terminals in the embodiments of the present application, these messages, requests, and terminals should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish messages, requests and terminals from each other.
  • the first terminal may also be called a second terminal, and similarly, the second terminal may also be called a first terminal.
  • the words “if” or “if” as used herein may be interpreted as “when” or “when” or “in response to determination” or “in response to detection”.
  • the phrases “if determined” or “if detected (statement or event stated)” can be interpreted as “when determined” or “in response to determination” or “when detected (statement or event stated) )” or “in response to detection (statement or event stated)”.
  • the solution described in the embodiments of the present application is based on the architecture of the Internet of Vehicles 200 shown in FIG. 2-1.
  • the IoV 200 includes at least one central server (V2X-center, V2X-C), in which multiple V2X-Cs form a V2X-C alliance, and information exchange can be realized between different V2X-Cs.
  • V2X-center V2X-C
  • V2X-C central server
  • the V2X-C alliance 210 includes two V2X-Cs, which are a first central server 211 and a second central server 212, respectively.
  • Each V2X-C manages at least one area server (V2X-area, V2X-R), and the driving vehicle can interact with the V2X-R in the service area where it is located so that the V2X-R can provide services for the vehicle.
  • V2X-area V2X-area
  • the first central server 211 manages three V2X-Rs, namely the first regional server 221, the second regional server 222, and the third regional server 231, and the second central server 212 manages one V2X-R R is the fourth regional server 241.
  • V2X-C built in multiple regions, organizations or institutions can form a V2X-C alliance according to planning or self-organization, and different V2X-C within the V2X-C alliance exchange information about their respective service areas .
  • V2X-C judges whether the vehicle is in the service area of the V2X-C based on the vehicle's current location, if it is, the V2X-C According to the current position of the vehicle, the vehicle is assigned a V2X-R, the current position of the vehicle is located in the assigned V2X-R service area, and the V2X-R access address is sent to the vehicle.
  • the other V2X-C is requested to allocate the V2X-R according to the current position of the vehicle, and the assigned V2X-R access information (such as identification or address) is passed to the vehicle to enable the vehicle to access the service at the current position Regional V2X-R, so that V2X-R can provide connected vehicle services for vehicles.
  • the assigned V2X-R access information such as identification or address
  • V2X-R Due to the different access information of different V2X-R, when the vehicle travels from one V2X-R service area to another V2X-R service area, the vehicle needs to obtain the V2X-R access information of the new arrival area to Connect to the newly arrived V2X-R. To access the new V2X-R, the vehicle and the V2X-R need to perform cumbersome data and signaling interactions. Because the vehicle frequently crosses different areas during driving, it is necessary to constantly switch the V2X-R to be accessed, resulting in The performance overhead of the vehicle.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a cluster-based communication method for connected vehicles.
  • the V2X-R managed by the same V2X-C form one or more server clusters, one of which includes at least one V2X-R.
  • the cluster is a group of independent computers interconnected through a high-speed network, and can be managed in a system mode, so that when the user terminal interacts with the cluster, the cluster looks like an independent server.
  • the first cluster 220 is composed of a first regional server 221 and a second regional server 222
  • the second cluster 230 includes only the third regional server 231
  • the third cluster 240 includes only the fourth Regional server 241.
  • each cluster is configured or deployed with at least one distribution module.
  • the distribution module serves as a communication entrance of the cluster and is mainly used to receive messages from devices or devices outside the cluster and forward the messages to V2X-R in the cluster.
  • the V2X-R in the cluster needs to send a message to a device or device outside the cluster, the message can be sent to the device or device outside the cluster through the distribution module.
  • the distribution module of a cluster may be jointly undertaken by one or more V2X-Rs in the cluster, or it may assume the function of the distribution module by one or more servers other than V2X-R, which is not limited herein. Taking the scenario shown in FIG. 2-1 as an example, the first cluster 220 is configured or deployed with the first distribution module 223, the second cluster 230 is configured or deployed with the second distribution module 232, and the third cluster 240 is configured or deployed with the third Distribution module 242.
  • the first cluster 220 includes a first regional server 221 and a second regional server 222, the first The first distribution module 223 is configured or deployed in the cluster 220.
  • the vehicle 300 is originally located in the service area of the first area server 221 and communicates with the first distribution module 223. Specifically, the vehicle 300 sends the reported data to the first distribution module 223, and the first distribution module 223 can send according to the vehicle 300 The reported data determines that the vehicle 300 is located within the service area of the first regional server 221, and sends the reported data of the vehicle 300 to the first regional server 221, so that the first regional server 221 provides services for the vehicle 300.
  • the vehicle 300 sends the report data of the vehicle 300 to the first distribution module 223.
  • the first distribution module 223 sends the report data according to the report data sent by the vehicle 300 It is determined that the vehicle 300 is located within the service area of the second area server 222, and the report data of the vehicle 300 is sent to the second area server 222, so that the second area server 222 provides services for the vehicle. Therefore, the vehicle 300 can always communicate with the first distribution module 223 of the first cluster when the vehicle 300 crosses the service area of different V2X-Rs of the first cluster during driving without switching the communication address on the communication target side .
  • a V2X-R service area may be a district of a city, such as Shenzhen Longhua District, and all V2X-Rs in a city form a cluster, such as V2X-R of each district of Shenzhen Forming a cluster, a V2X-C manages clusters in at least one city.
  • the division of the regions served by V2X-R and V2X-C depends on the business scenario and the actual situation of deployment, and this application is not limited.
  • each district of Shenzhen is the service area of each V2X-R in the cluster
  • the vehicle travels from Longhua District of Shenzhen to Futian District, although it is actually a vehicle
  • the V2X-R service has been changed from V2X-R in Longhua District to V2X-R in Futian District, but the vehicle does not need to switch or update the address of the V2X-R communicating with it, and always communicates with the distribution module of the cluster.
  • the distribution module of a cluster has an identification or address, and the vehicle communicates with the distribution module through the identification or address.
  • the identifier of the distribution module may be a uniform resource identifier (URI), and the address of the distribution module may be an Internet protocol address (IP), access address, or media access The control (media) access (MAC) address or other types of addressing information are not limited here.
  • the distribution module serves as a unified external communication interface of a cluster
  • the vehicle communicates with the distribution module, and the distribution module selects the V2X-R whose service area covers the current location of the vehicle according to the current location of the vehicle , As the V2X-R serving the vehicle, and send the data reported by the vehicle to the V2X-R.
  • the smallest unit that needs to be switched to the server access address is the cluster, not V2X-R, which increases the granularity of access address switching and reduces the access address.
  • the frequency of switching thus saving the cumbersome process in the switching process, thereby saving the performance cost of the vehicle.
  • a vehicle may span service areas of different V2X-Rs in the service area covered by the same cluster, or may span service areas of different clusters in the service area covered by the same V2X-C, and It can span service areas covered by different V2X-C. The following three cases are described separately.
  • the vehicle sends reporting data to the first distribution module, and the reporting data includes information about the first location of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle when the vehicle is located within the service area of the first cluster, the vehicle may communicate with the first distribution module of the first cluster.
  • the reported data refers to the data reported by the vehicle to the server, which may include the operation data of the vehicle, the status information of the vehicle, etc. This application does not limit the content and transmission frequency of the reported data.
  • the vehicle when the vehicle is located within the service area of the first cluster, the vehicle may communicate with the first distribution module through the identifier or address of the first distribution module. Specifically, the vehicle may report to the first distribution module Report data is sent, and the report data includes information about the first position of the vehicle.
  • the first location is the geographic location of the vehicle when sending the reported data to the first distribution module, or the geographic location of the vehicle that was last obtained before the vehicle sent the reported data to the first distribution module, or the vehicle according to preset rules The geographic location of the reported vehicle at a certain moment or time.
  • the vehicle can obtain the first position of the vehicle through the global positioning system (GPS), the first position of the vehicle through interaction with the base station, or the vehicle's first position through other positioning methods.
  • the first position is not limited here.
  • the vehicle may periodically send data to the first distribution module, then the first distribution module may periodically send report data to the first area server, such as once every 10 seconds, or 1 second
  • the clock is sent once, or once every 10 minutes, which is not limited here.
  • the frequency at which the vehicle sends the reported data is 10 hertz (hz) recommended by the 3rd generation partnership project (3gpp), that is, 10 times per second.
  • the vehicle may send the report data to the first distribution module when the built-in IoV terminal is turned on, or may send the report data to the first distribution module when the vehicle is started, or may start to drive the vehicle
  • the report data is sent to the first distribution module from time to time, which is not limited here.
  • the vehicle may also send the report data only in the driving state, and not send the report data in the flying state, so as to improve the utilization rate of spectrum resources, which is not limited herein.
  • the first distribution module determines the first area to be located in the service area of the first area server in the first cluster.
  • the first distribution module may obtain the information of the first location from the reported data, and determine that the geographic location of the first location is located in the service area of the first regional server in the first cluster .
  • the first distribution module may preset the information of the service area of each V2X-R in the first cluster, so that when the first distribution module receives the information of the first location, the first location The service area of each V2X-R managed by the preset first cluster is matched to determine the service area corresponding to the first location, thereby determining the first area server.
  • the first central server may also preset the service area information of each regional server in the first cluster, so that when the first distribution module receives the information of the first location, the first distribution module Send the first location information to the first central server, and then receive the first regional server information returned by the first central server.
  • there may be other ways to determine the service area of the first area server according to the first location which is not limited herein.
  • the first distribution module sends the reported data to the first area server.
  • the first distribution module may send the vehicle report data to the first area server, so that the first A regional server provides services for vehicles.
  • the above-mentioned services may include road condition messages, collision warning, and other various Internet of Vehicle services.
  • the road condition message may be information such as whether there is a traffic jam at the current position of the vehicle, whether there is a mudslide, whether a road is being repaired, and the like.
  • the area server may also predict the driving trajectory of the vehicle according to the received position information of the vehicle within a period of time, and then determine the road condition message of the road segment corresponding to the predicted trajectory, which is not limited herein.
  • the collision warning may be, for example, whether there are other vehicles at the turn, whether there are road repairs, bicycles or marathons in some locations, or whether the predicted trajectory of other vehicles may cross the predicted trajectory of the vehicle at the same time , That is, whether there is information that other vehicles are in danger of colliding with the vehicle is not limited here.
  • Road condition messages and collision warnings may also include other content, which is not limited here.
  • the above service may also include other content, which is not limited herein.
  • each V2X-R in the first cluster serves each district in Shenzhen separately, and each V2X-R has a responsible service area, such as Longhua District, Nanshan District, and Futian District.
  • the first distribution module of the first cluster is used to receive report data sent by vehicles traveling in Shenzhen and distribute to V2X-R in the first cluster, or receive messages sent by V2X-R in the first cluster, and Deliver to vehicles driving in Shenzhen.
  • the first distribution module determines that the first location is located in the service area of the second area server in the first cluster.
  • overlapping service areas there may be overlaps in areas that can be served by two adjacent V2X-Rs, which are referred to herein as overlapping service areas.
  • the first location is located in the overlapping service area of the first regional server and the second regional server, that is, the first location is located in both the service area of the first regional server and the service of the second regional server In the area.
  • the information of the overlapping service area may be preset in the first distribution module, and when the first location information is acquired, it may be determined whether the vehicle is currently located in the overlapping service area.
  • the first distribution module sends the reported data to the second regional server.
  • the distribution module When the first position reported by the vehicle is within the overlapping service area, the distribution module not only sends the report data of the vehicle to the first area server, but also sends the report data of the vehicle to the second area server, so that when the vehicle leaves the first area When the service area of the server enters the service area of the second area server, the second area server can quickly provide services to the vehicle.
  • the first distribution module may obtain the business information of the vehicle from the first regional server, and then send the business information to the second regional server, so that the second regional server can continue to provide services for the vehicle, and ensure the business continuity of the vehicle .
  • the vehicle sends report data to the first distribution module, where the report data includes information about the first location of the vehicle.
  • the first distribution module determines the service area of the first area server whose first location is located in the first cluster.
  • the first distribution module sends the reported data to the first area server.
  • steps 401-403 are the same as steps 301-303, and will not be repeated here.
  • the first regional server predicts a second location to be reached, and the second location is outside the service area of the first regional server.
  • the first area server sends the second location information of the vehicle to the first distribution module.
  • the first area server may predict the driving route of the vehicle to provide services such as road condition messages and collision warning. For example, after receiving the reported data of the vehicle, the first area server can obtain the vehicle driving data.
  • the vehicle driving data may be composed of the driving information of the vehicle at multiple locations at different time points, according to the vehicle The driving data can obtain the driving speed and driving trajectory of the vehicle, and then the first regional server can predict the driving route of the vehicle according to the driving speed and the driving trajectory of the vehicle.
  • the geographic location of the vehicle predicted by the first area server at a certain time in a future or a certain period of time is called a second location
  • the second location may include one or more location points, and may also include multiple
  • the predicted driving route formed by the location points may also include the time point when the vehicle reaches each location point and the instantaneous speed of the vehicle traveling to each location point.
  • the specific format and content of the second location are not limited in this application.
  • the first distribution module determines that the second location is within the service area of the second area server of the first cluster.
  • the method described in steps 401-403 is still performed by the first distribution module to receive the report message of the vehicle and according to the report message In the location information in, select the regional server corresponding to the location information for message distribution.
  • the first distribution module sends the reported data of the vehicle to the second area server.
  • the first distribution module may send the data reported by the vehicle to the second area server in advance. Therefore, after the first distribution module receives the prediction that the vehicle is about to travel to the second area server in step 406, the first distribution module may also send the report data of the vehicle to the second area server.
  • the first distribution module determines the first area is located in the service area of the first area server in the first cluster.
  • the first distribution module sends the reported data to the first area server.
  • the first regional server predicts a second location where the vehicle will arrive.
  • the second location is outside the service area of the first regional server.
  • the first area server sends the second location information of the vehicle to the first distribution module.
  • steps 501-505 are the same as steps 401-405, and will not be repeated here.
  • the first distribution module determines that the second location is outside the service area of the first cluster.
  • the first distribution module sends a message to the first central server to obtain the access information of the IoV server, where the message includes information about the second location.
  • the vehicle When the vehicle travels from the service area of one cluster to the service area of another cluster, because the cluster serving the vehicle changes and the distribution module corresponding to the cluster is different, the vehicle needs to obtain the identification of the distribution module corresponding to the newly arrived service area or address. It should be noted that if two clusters passing by a vehicle share a distribution module, that is, one distribution module is responsible for distributing messages to the regional servers of two clusters adjacent to the service area, the vehicle is crossing the service area of the two clusters. At this time, there is still no need to update the communication address on the server side. In this deployment scenario, when the vehicle crosses the service areas of servers in different areas, the distribution module distributes the messages according to the method flow shown in FIG. 3.
  • the first central server determines that the second location is within the service area of the second cluster controlled by the first central server.
  • the first central server may preset the service area of each cluster controlled by the first central server, so that when the first central server receives the second location, it may be located at the second location according to the second location.
  • the service area of the second cluster controlled by a central server.
  • the first central server sends the identifier or address of the second distribution module to the first distribution module.
  • the first central server may preset the identifier or address of the distribution module corresponding to each cluster controlled by the first central server, so as to determine the identifier or address of the second distribution module corresponding to the second cluster.
  • the first distribution module sends the identifier or address of the second distribution module to the vehicle.
  • the first distribution module Based on the predicted location of the vehicle to be reached by the first area server, the first distribution module notifies the access information of the distribution module that the vehicle needs to access in the next driving section in advance, so that the vehicle can quickly reach the service area of the second cluster when traveling Access to the distribution module corresponding to the second cluster reduces the access time for vehicles to access the second cluster after leaving the first cluster, and ensures business continuity.
  • the vehicle sends the report data of the vehicle to the second distribution module, where the report data includes information about the third location of the vehicle.
  • the third location is the geographic location when the vehicle sends the report data to the second distribution module, or the geographic location of the vehicle that was last obtained before the vehicle sent the report data to the second distribution module, or the vehicle reported by the vehicle according to the preset rules The geographic location at a certain moment or time.
  • the vehicle can send the report data to the second distribution module after confirming that it reaches the service area of the second cluster, or it can immediately switch the address of the communication peer to the second distribution module after receiving the 510 message. The address, the next time the data needs to be reported, the report data is sent to the second distribution module.
  • the second distribution module determines that the third location is located in the service area of the third area server in the second cluster.
  • the second distribution module sends the reported data to the third regional server in the second cluster.
  • the first distribution module determines the first area to be located in the service area of the first area server in the first cluster.
  • the first distribution module sends the reported data to the first area server.
  • the first regional server predicts a second location where the vehicle will arrive.
  • the second location is outside the service area of the first regional server.
  • the first area server sends the second location information of the vehicle to the first distribution module.
  • the first distribution module determines that the second location is outside the service area of the first cluster.
  • the first distribution module sends a message to the first central server to obtain access information of the Internet of Vehicles server, where the message includes information about the second location.
  • steps 601-607 are the same as steps 501-507, and are not repeated here.
  • the first central server determines that the second location is within the service area of the second central server.
  • the vehicle When the vehicle travels from the service area of the first central server to the second center service area, the vehicle needs to communicate with a different distribution module. Therefore, the vehicle needs to obtain the identification or address of the distribution module corresponding to the newly arrived service area.
  • the first central server may determine that the second location is outside the service area of the first central server.
  • the first central server may preset each V2X-C service area, and after receiving the information of the second location, it may be determined that the second location is located in the service area of the second central server.
  • the first central server and the second central server both belong to a V2X-C sharing alliance, and any V2X-C in the V2X-C sharing alliance is preset with the V2X-C sharing alliance The geographical location corresponding to each V2X-C service area.
  • the first central server sends a message to the Internet of Vehicles server access information to the second central server, where the message includes information about the second location.
  • the second central server determines that the second location is within the service area of the third cluster controlled by the second central server.
  • the second central server determines the identifier or address of the third distribution module corresponding to the third cluster, and sends the identifier or address of the third distribution module to the first central server.
  • the first central server sends the identifier or address of the third distribution module to the first distribution module.
  • the first distribution module sends the identifier or address of the third distribution module to the vehicle.
  • the first distribution module sends a notification message to the vehicle's home center server after step 609 or after step 613.
  • the home center server is the vehicle's contracted center server, and the notification message is used to report to the home
  • the central server informs that the vehicle is ready to travel from the service area of the first central server to the service area of the second central server, so that the home central server updates the information of the service area where the vehicle is currently located.
  • the vehicle sends report data to the third distribution module, where the report data includes information about the third location of the vehicle.
  • the third distribution module determines that the third location is located in the service area of the fourth area server in the third cluster.
  • the third distribution module sends the reported data to the fourth area server.
  • steps 612-616 are similar to steps 509-513, and will not be repeated here.
  • this application also proposes a distribution module 700, including:
  • processor 701 communication interface 702 and memory 703.
  • the bus is used to connect the processor 701, the communication interface 702, and the memory 703.
  • the communication interface 702 is used to communicate with devices or devices external to the distribution module 700.
  • the memory 703 is used to store programs.
  • the processor 701 is used to execute the program stored in the memory 703, and when the program is executed, the distribution module executes the patented method.
  • this application also proposes a central server 800, including:
  • processor 801 communication interface 802 and memory 803.
  • the bus is used to connect the processor 801, the communication interface 802, and the memory 803.
  • the communication interface 802 is used to communicate with devices or equipment outside the central server 800.
  • the memory 803 is used to store programs.
  • the processor 801 is used to execute the program stored in the memory 803, and when the program is executed, the central server 800 executes the patented method.
  • this application also proposes a regional server 900 including:
  • the bus is used to connect the processor 901, the communication interface 902, and the memory 903.
  • the communication interface 902 is used to communicate with devices or equipment outside the area server;
  • the memory 903 is used to store programs.
  • the processor 901 is used to execute the program stored in the memory 903, and when the program is executed, the regional server 900 executes the method of this patent.
  • the bus may include a path to transfer information between the above components.
  • the processor 701/801/901 can be a general-purpose central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more for controlling the invention Integrated circuit for program execution.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • Communication interface 702/802/902 using any transceiver-like device for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, wireless access network (RAN), wireless local area network (wireless local area networks) , WLAN), etc.
  • Ethernet wireless access network
  • RAN wireless local area network
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • the memory 703/803/903 may be read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (random access memory, RAM), or may store information and Instruction of other types of dynamic storage devices may also be electrically erasable programmable read only memory (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc Storage, optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures And any other media that can be accessed by the computer, but not limited to this.
  • the memory may exist independently and be connected to the processor through the bus. The memory can also be integrated with the processor.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmit to another website, computer, server or data center via wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • wired such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)
  • wireless such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be stored by a computer or a data storage device including a server, a data center, and the like integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, Solid State Disk (SSD)).
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the units is only a division of logical functions.
  • there may be other divisions for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application essentially or part of the contribution to the existing technology or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , Including several instructions to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种车联网通信方法、中心服务器以及区域服务器，其中，所述车联网通信方法包括：第一分发模块接收并向第一集群中的第一区域服务器发送车辆的上报数据，所述上报数据中包括所述车辆的第一位置的信息；所述第一分发模块接收所述第一区域服务器发送的所述车辆的第二位置的信息，所述第二位置为所述第一区域服务器基于所述第一位置预测的所述车辆将要到达的位置，所述第二位置位于所述第一区域服务器的服务区域之外；所述第一分发模块确定所述第二位置位于所述第一集群的服务区域之外，所述第一分发模块根据所述第二位置获取第二分发模块的标识或地址；所述第一分发模块向所述车辆发送所述第二分发模块的标识或地址。

Description

车联网通信方法、分发模块、中心服务器以及区域服务器
本申请要求于2018年11月30日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201811458865.7、申请名称为“车联网通信方法、分发模块、中心服务器以及区域服务器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种车联网通信方法、分发模块、中心服务器以及区域服务器。
背景技术
车联网(vehicle to everything，V2X)指的是车辆之间，或者车辆与行人或骑行者之间以及车辆与基础设施之间的通信系统。车辆利用装载在车辆上的各类传感器(如激光雷达，毫米波雷达等)、摄像头获取车辆行驶情况、系统运行状态(可以通过CAN总线反馈，如刹车状态，转向灯状态等)及周边道路环境信息(路侧系统可以广播静态或动态信息，车辆也可以内置高精度地图等)，同时借助GPS或其他定位手段(如蜂窝网定位，视觉定位，惯性导航等技术)融合定位获得车辆准确位置信息，并通过短距通信和蜂窝网通信等技术将这些信息进行端对端的传输，继而实现在整个车联网系统中信息的共享。通过对这些信息的分析处理，及时对驾驶员进行路况汇报和行驶状况预警，有效提升车辆通信效率，提升车辆通信安全性。
目前业界对车联网架构的理解和认识如图1所示。车与车之间可以通过PC5接口通信，车辆还可以通过Uu接口跟V2X服务器通信；智能道路设施(如红绿灯信号机，电子指示牌等)、行人、电单车等设备也可以接入V2X服务器，实现V2X的通信。如图1所示的车联网架构中仅考虑了单一V2X服务器的组网，而在实际的V2X网络部署过程中，不同地域的部门或机构会部署各自的V2X服务器，车辆在行驶过程中会跨越不同车联网服务器的服务区域，如何实现多V2X服务器组网架构下V2X业务的连续性，成为V2X规模商用的关键技术问题。
发明内容
为解决多V2X服务器组网架构下V2X业务的连续性，本申请实施例提供了一种车联网通信方法及相关装置，以使得车辆跨越不同地理区域行驶时，能享受连续的车联网业务。
本申请第一方面提出了一种车联网通信方法，包括：
第一分发模块接收并向第一集群中的第一区域服务器发送车辆的上报数据，该上报数据中包括该车辆的第一位置的信息，该集群为区域服务器组成的服务器集群。
在本申请实施例中，当该车辆位于第一集群的服务区域之内时，该车辆可以向该第一集群的第一分发模块通信。在一种可能的实现方式中，该车辆通过该第一分发模块的标识或地址与该第一分发模块通信。具体的，当该车辆位于第一集群的服务区域之内时，该车辆向该第一分发模块发送上报数据，该上报数据中包括该车辆的第一位置的信息。在一种 可能的实现方式中，该第一位置为该车辆的当前位置。
在本申请实施例中，当该第一分发模块接收到该第一位置的信息后，可以确定该第一位置的地理位置是否属于第一集群的服务器。若确定该第一位置位于该第一集群的服务区域，则可以确定该第一位置位于该第一集群中的第一区域服务器的服务区域之内，即该车辆当前位于该第一集群中的第一区域服务器的服务区域之内。
该第一分发模块接收该第一区域服务器发送的该车辆的第二位置的信息，该第二位置为该第一区域服务器基于该第一位置预测的该车辆将要到达的位置，该第二位置位于该第一区域服务器的服务区域之外。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当第一区域服务器接收到第一分发模块向发送的该车辆的上报数据后，可以对该车辆提供服务，该服务包括轨迹预测。在本申请实施例中，第一区域服务器可以预测车辆的预测轨迹，以提供如路况消息和碰撞预警的服务。在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一区域服务器还可以根据该车辆的预测轨迹确定该车辆将要离开该第一区域服务器的服务区域，具体的，该第一区域服务器预测车辆将要到达的第二位置，第二位置位于第一区域服务器的服务区域之外。
该第一分发模块确定该第二位置位于该第一集群的服务区域之外，该第一分发模块根据该第二位置获取第二分发模块的标识或地址，该第二分发模块用于将接收到的车辆数据分发到第二集群中的区域服务器，该第二位置位于该第二集群的服务区域之内。
该第一分发模块向该车辆发送该第二分发模块的标识或地址，该第二分发模块的标识或地址用于使该车辆通过该第二分发模块的标识或地址与该第二分发模块通信。
需要说明的是，一个集群的服务区域并非无限大的，在一种可能的实现方式中，一个集群的服务区域可以为一个城市，也可以为一个区/县，也可以是其他行政单位，此处不做限定。需要说明的是，当车辆从一个集群的服务区域行驶至另一个集群的服务区域时，与该车辆通信的分发模块不相同，车辆不得不切换接入地址，因此需要获得新至服务区域对应的分发模块的标识或地址。
由于当车辆跨越不同的集群的服务区域时需要进行接入地址的切换，而在同一个集群中跨越不同的区域服务器的服务区域时，不需要进行接入地址的切换，因此进行接入地址切换的最小单位是集群，而不是区域服务器，增大了进行接入地址切换的粒度，降低了接入地址切换的频率，因此节省了切换过程中的繁琐的流程，从而节省了车辆和第一区域服务器的性能开销。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一位置位于该第一区域服务器的服务区域之内，该第一分发模块根据该第一位置确定该第一区域服务器，并向该第一区域服务器发送该车辆的上报数据，以使得该第一区域服务器可以为该车辆提供服务。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一位置还位于该第二区域服务器的服务区域之内，该第二区域服务器为该第一集群中的区域服务器，该第一分发模块还根据该第一位置信息确定该第二区域服务器，并向该第二区域服务器发送接收到的该车辆的上报数据，因此该第一区域服务器可以对该车辆的进行轨迹预测，使得当该车辆离开该第一区域服务器时，可以保障业务连续性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一分发模块根据该第二位置获取属于第二分发模块的 标识或地址，具体包括：
该第一分发模块向第一中心服务器发送获取车联网服务器接入信息的消息，该消息中包括该第二位置的信息，该第一中心服务器用于控制包括该第一集群和该第二集群在内的至少2个服务器集群，从而提供了车辆跨越不同的集群的服务区域的情况下，保障车辆的业务连续性的方案。
该第一分发模块接收该第一中心服务器发送的该第二分发模块的标识或地址。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一分发模块根据该第二位置获取属于第二分发模块的标识或地址，具体包括：
该第一分发模块向第一中心服务器发送获取车联网服务器接入信息的消息，该消息中包括该第二位置的信息，该第一中心服务器用于控制该第一集群，还用于和控制该第二集群的第二中心服务器互通，该第一分发模块接收该第一中心服务器发送的该第二分发模块的标识或地址，该第二分发模块的标识或地址由该第一中心服务器根据该第二位置从该第二中心服务器获取，从而提供了车辆跨越不同的中心服务器的服务区域的情况下，保障车辆的业务连续性的方案。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一分发模块还接收该第一中心服务器发送的该第二中心服务器的标识或地址之后，还包括：
该第一分发模块还向该车辆的归属中心服务器发送通知消息，该归属中心服务器为该车辆签约的中心服务器，该通知消息用于向该归属中心服务器知会该车辆准备从该第一中心服务器的服务区域行驶至该第二中心服务器的服务区域，以使得归属中心服务器存储该车辆的当前位置的信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该的方法还包括：
该第一分发模块接收该第一区域服务器发送的位置预测信息，该位置预测信息指示该车辆即将前往第三位置，该第三位置位于该第一区域服务器的服务区域之外，该第一分发模块确定该第三位置位于第二区域服务器之内，该第一分发模块向该第二区域服务器发送接收到的该车辆的上报数据，该第二区域服务器为该第一集群中的区域服务器，该第三位置位于该第二区域服务器的服务区域之内。
由于当车辆跨越不同的集群的服务区域时需要进行接入地址的切换，而在同一个集群中跨越不同的区域服务器的服务区域时，不需要进行接入地址的切换，因此进行接入地址切换的最小单位是集群，而不是区域服务器，增大了进行接入地址切换的粒度，降低了接入地址切换的频率，因此节省了切换过程中的繁琐的流程，从而节省了车辆和第一区域服务器的性能开销。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该车辆通过该第一分发模块的标识或地址与该第一分发模块通信。
本申请第二方面提出了一种车联网通信方法，包括：
第一中心服务器获取第一分发模块发送的获取车联网服务器接入信息的消息，该消息中包括第二位置的信息，该第一分发模块用于将接收到的车辆数据分发到第一集群中的区域服务器，该集群为区域服务器组成的服务器集群，该第一集群为该第一中心服务器控制的集群。该第一中心服务器根据该第二位置获取第二分发模块的标识或地址。该第一中心 服务器向该第一分发模块发送该第二分发模块的标识或地址，该第二分发模块用于将接收到的车辆数据分发到第二集群中的区域服务器，该第二位置位于该第二集群的服务区域之内。
由于当车辆跨越不同的集群的服务区域时需要进行接入地址的切换，而在同一个集群中跨越不同的区域服务器的服务区域时，不需要进行接入地址的切换，因此进行接入地址切换的最小单位是集群，而不是区域服务器，增大了进行接入地址切换的粒度，降低了接入地址切换的频率，因此节省了切换过程中的繁琐的流程，从而节省了车辆和第一区域服务器的性能开销。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第二位置位于该第一中心服务器的服务区域之内，该第一中心服务器根据该第二位置获取第二分发模块的标识或地址之前，还包括：
该第一中心服务器根据该第二位置确定第二集群，该第二集群为该第一中心服务器所控制的集群。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第二位置位于该第一中心服务器的服务区域之外，该第一中心服务器根据该第二位置获取第二分发模块的标识或地址包括：
该第一中心服务器向该第二中心服务器发送该第二位置的消息。
该第一中心服务器接收该第二中心服务器发送的该第二分发模块的标识或地址。
本申请第三方面提出了一种车联网通信方法，包括：
第一区域服务器接收第一分发模块发送的车辆的上报数据，该上报数据中包括该车辆的第一位置的信息，该第一分发模块用于将接收到的车辆数据分发到第一集群中的区域服务器，该集群为区域服务器组成的服务器集群，该第一集群包括该第一区域服务器。
该第一区域服务器基于该第一位置预测该车辆将要到达的第二位置，该第二位置位于该第一区域服务器的服务区域之外。
该第一区域服务器向该第一分发模块发送位置预测信息，该位置预测信息用于指示该车辆即将前往该第二位置。
由于当车辆跨越不同的集群的服务区域时需要进行接入地址的切换，而在同一个集群中跨越不同的区域服务器的服务区域时，不需要进行接入地址的切换，因此进行接入地址切换的最小单位是集群，而不是区域服务器，增大了进行接入地址切换的粒度，降低了接入地址切换的频率，因此节省了切换过程中的繁琐的流程，从而节省了车辆和第一区域服务器的性能开销。
本申请第四方面提出了一种分发模块，包括：
至少一个处理器和通信接口。
该通信接口，用于将接收到的车辆数据分发到集群中的区域服务器，该集群为区域服务器组成的服务器集群。
该至少一个处理器用于从接收到的该车辆数据确定车辆的位置，并确定该车辆的位置是否位于该集群的服务区域。
该通信接口，还用于执行上述第一方面所述的方法。
由于当车辆跨越不同的集群的服务区域时需要进行接入地址的切换，而在同一个集群中跨越不同的区域服务器的服务区域时，不需要进行接入地址的切换，因此进行接入地址 切换的最小单位是集群，而不是区域服务器，增大了进行接入地址切换的粒度，降低了接入地址切换的频率，因此节省了切换过程中的繁琐的流程，从而节省了车辆和第一区域服务器的性能开销。
本申请第五方面提出了一种中心服务器，包括：
至少一个处理器和通信接口。
该通信接口，用于向分发模块发送指令，以控制集群，该集群为区域服务器组成的服务器集群，该分发模块用于将接收到的车辆数据分发到该集群中的区域服务器。
该至少一个处理器，用于从接收到的车辆的位置确定该车辆是否位于该中心服务器的服务区域。
该通信接口，还用于执行上述第二方面或第三方面所述的进行通信的方法。
该至少一个处理器，还用于执行上述第二方面所述的进行信息处理的方法。
由于当车辆跨越不同的集群的服务区域时需要进行接入地址的切换，而在同一个集群中跨越不同的区域服务器的服务区域时，不需要进行接入地址的切换，因此进行接入地址切换的最小单位是集群，而不是区域服务器，增大了进行接入地址切换的粒度，降低了接入地址切换的频率，因此节省了切换过程中的繁琐的流程，从而节省了车辆和第一区域服务器的性能开销。
本申请第六方面提出了一种区域服务器，包括：
至少一个处理器和通信接口。
该通信接口，用于接收第一分发模块发送的车辆的上报数据，该上报数据中包括该车辆的第一位置的信息，该第一分发模块用于将接收到的车辆数据分发到第一集群中的区域服务器，该集群为区域服务器组成的服务器集群，该第一集群包括该第一区域服务器。
该至少一个处理器，用于基于该第一位置预测该车辆将要到达的第二位置，该第二位置位于该第一区域服务器的服务区域之外。
该通信接口，用于向该第一分发模块发送位置预测信息，该位置预测信息用于指示该车辆即将前往该第二位置。
由于当车辆跨越不同的集群的服务区域时需要进行接入地址的切换，而在同一个集群中跨越不同的区域服务器的服务区域时，不需要进行接入地址的切换，因此进行接入地址切换的最小单位是集群，而不是区域服务器，增大了进行接入地址切换的粒度，降低了接入地址切换的频率，因此节省了切换过程中的繁琐的流程，从而节省了车辆和第一区域服务器的性能开销。
本申请第七方面提出了一种车联网系统，包括：
至少1个集群，该集群为区域服务器组成的服务器集群。
该集群的分发模块用于执行上述第一方面所述的方法，该分发模块用于将接收到的车辆数据分发到该集群中的区域服务器。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该车联网系统，还包括：
至少1个中心服务器，该执行上述第二方面所述的方法。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该集群中的区域服务器还用于执行上述第三方面所述的方法。
由于当车辆跨越不同的集群的服务区域时需要进行接入地址的切换，而在同一个集群中跨越不同的区域服务器的服务区域时，不需要进行接入地址的切换，因此进行接入地址切换的最小单位是集群，而不是区域服务器，增大了进行接入地址切换的粒度，降低了接入地址切换的频率，因此节省了切换过程中的繁琐的流程，从而节省了车辆和第一区域服务器的性能开销。
本申请的又一方面提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述各方面所述的方法。
从以上技术方案可以看出，本申请实施例具有以下优点：
由于当车辆跨越不同的集群的服务区域时需要进行接入地址的切换，而在同一个集群中跨越不同的区域服务器的服务区域时，不需要进行接入地址的切换，因此进行接入地址切换的最小单位是集群，而不是区域服务器，增大了进行接入地址切换的粒度，降低了接入地址切换的频率，因此节省了切换过程中的繁琐的流程，从而节省了车辆和第一区域服务器的性能开销。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中一种车联网系统架构示意图；
图2-1为本申请实施例提供的一种车联网系统架构示意图；
图2-2为本申请实施例提供的车辆行驶在同一个集群的不同V2X-R的服务区域的通信过程示意图；
图3本申请实施例提供的一种车辆在同一集群服务区域内行驶时的车联网通信方法示意图；
图4本申请实施例提供的一种车辆在同一集群服务区域内行驶时的另一种车联网通信方法示意图；
图5本申请实施例提供的一种车辆跨越同一中心服务器不同集群服务区域行驶时的车联网通信方法示意图；
图6本申请实施例提供的一种车辆跨越不同中心服务器服务区域行驶时的车联网通信方法示意图；
图7本申请实施例提供的一种分发模块的装置结构示意图；
图8本申请实施例提供的一种中心服务器的装置结构示意图；
图9本申请实施例提供的一种区域服务器的装置结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请的实施例进行描述。
在本申请实施例中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请。在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。还应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”是指并包含一个或多个相关联的列出项目的任何或所有可能组合。本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
应当理解，尽管在本申请实施例中可能采用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述各种消息、请求和终端，但这些消息、请求和终端不应限于这些术语。这些术语仅用来将消息、请求和终端彼此区分开。例如，在不脱离本申请实施例范围的情况下，第一终端也可以被称为第二终端，类似地，第二终端也可以被称为第一终端。
取决于语境，如在此所使用的词语“如果”或“若”可以被解释成为“在……时”或“当……时”或“响应于确定”或“响应于检测”。类似地，取决于语境，短语“如果确定”或“如果检测(陈述的条件或事件)”可以被解释成为“当确定时”或“响应于确定”或“当检测(陈述的条件或事件)时”或“响应于检测(陈述的条件或事件)”。
本申请实施例中所述方案基于如图2-1所示的车联网200的架构。车联网200包括至少1个中心服务器(V2X-center，V2X-C)，其中，多个V2X-C组成V2X-C联盟，不同的V2X-C之间可以实现信息交互。
如图2-1所示，V2X-C联盟210包括2个V2X-C，分别为第一中心服务器211和第二中心服务器212。每个V2X-C管理至少1个区域服务器(V2X-area，V2X-R)，行驶中的车辆可以与所在服务区域的V2X-R进行信息交互，以使得V2X-R为车辆提供服务。
如图2-1所示，第一中心服务器211管理3个V2X-R，分别为第一区域服务器221、第二区域服务器222和第三区域服务器231，第二中心服务器212管理1个V2X-R，为第四区域服务器241。
需要说明的是，多个区域、组织或机构建设的V2X-C可以根据规划或自组织形成V2X-C联盟，V2X-C联盟内的不同V2X-C之间互相交换各自负责的服务区域的信息。当车辆需要车联网服务时，首先连接到归属(或上牌)的V2X-C，然后V2X-C通过车辆的当前位置判断该车辆是否在本V2X-C的服务区域，如果是则该V2X-C根据车辆的当前位置，为车辆分配V2X-R，车辆的当前位置位于分配的V2X-R的服务区域，并将V2X-R的接入地址发给车辆。否则，则根据车辆的当前位置向其他V2X-C请求分配V2X-R，并将分配的V2X-R的接入信息(如标识或地址)传递给车辆，以使车辆能够接入当前位置所在服务区域的V2X-R，以使得V2X-R可以为车辆提供车联网服务。
由于不同的V2X-R的接入信息不同，当车辆从一个V2X-R的服务区域行驶至另一个V2X-R的服务区域时，车辆需要获取新至区域的V2X-R的接入信息，以接入新至区域的V2X-R。要接入新的V2X-R，车辆和V2X-R需要进行繁琐的数据和信令交互，由于车辆在行驶过程中，频繁跨越不同的区域，因此需要不断切换要接入的V2X-R，造成了车辆的性能开销。
为此，本申请实施例提出一种基于集群的车联网通信方法。
在车联网中应用集群技术，将同一个V2X-C管理的V2X-R组成1个或多个服务器集群，其中1个集群包括至少1个V2X-R。需要说明的是，集群是一组相互独立的、通过高速网络互联的计算机，并可以以一个系统的模式加以管理，使得当用户终端与集群相互作用时，集群像是一个独立的服务器。以图2-1所示的场景为例，第一集群220由第一区域服务器221和第二区域服务器222组成，第二集群230仅包括第三区域服务器231，第三集群240仅包括第四区域服务器241。
在本申请实施例中，每个集群配置或部署至少一个分发模块，分发模块作为集群的通 信入口，主要用于接收集群外装置或设备的消息，并将消息转发至集群中的V2X-R。当集群中的V2X-R需要向集群外的装置或设备发送消息时，可以通过分发模块向集群外的装置或设备发送消息。一个集群的分发模块可以通过集群中的一个或多个V2X-R共同承担，也可以通过V2X-R之外的其它一个或多个服务器承担分发模块的功能，此处不做限定。以图2-1所示的场景为例，第一集群220配置或部署了第一分发模块223，第二集群230配置或部署了第二分发模块232，第三集群240配置或部署了第三分发模块242。
具体的，请参考图2-2(为车辆行驶在同一个集群的不同V2X-R的服务区域的通信过程示意图)，第一集群220包括第一区域服务器221和第二区域服务器222，第一集群220配置或部署了第一分发模块223。车辆300原来位于第一区域服务器221的服务区域之内，并与第一分发模块223通信，具体的，车辆300将上报数据发送给第一分发模块223，第一分发模块223可以根据车辆300发送的上报数据判断车辆300位于第一区域服务器221的服务区域之内，并将车辆300的上报数据发送给第一区域服务器221，以使得第一区域服务器221为车辆300提供服务。当车辆300继续行驶，行驶至第二区域服务器222的服务区域之内时，车辆300向第一分发模块223发送车辆300的上报数据，此时，第一分发模块223根据车辆300发送的上报数据判断车辆300位于第二区域服务器222的服务区域之内，并将车辆300的上报数据发送给第二区域服务器222，以使得第二区域服务器222为车辆提供服务。因此，车辆300在行驶过程中，当跨越同第一集群的不同V2X-R的服务区域时，车辆300可以始终与第一集群的第一分发模块223通信，不需要切换通信目标侧的通信地址。
在一种可能的实现方式中，一个V2X-R的服务区域可以为城市的一个区，如深圳龙华区，一个城市中所有的V2X-R构成一个集群，如深圳市的各个区的V2X-R构成一个集群，一个V2X-C管理至少一个城市中的各个集群。V2X-R和V2X-C所服务的区域划分根据业务场景和部署的实际情况而定，本申请不做限定。若一个集群的服务区域为深圳市，深圳市的每个区分别为该集群中的每个V2X-R的服务区域，则若车辆从深圳市龙华区行驶至福田区时，虽然实际上为车辆服务的V2X-R已经由龙华区的V2X-R变更为福田区的V2X-R，但车辆并不需要切换或更新与之通信的V2X-R的地址，始终与集群的分发模块通信。
需要说明的是，在一种可能的实现方式中，一个集群的分发模块具有一个标识或地址，车辆通过标识或地址与分发模块通信。在一种可能的实现方式中，分发模块的标识可以为统一资源标识符(uniform resource identifier，URI)，分发模块的地址可以为互联网协议地址(internet protocol address，IP)、接入地址或媒体访问控制(media access control，MAC)地址或其它类型的寻址信息，此处不做限定。
在本申请实施例中，由于一个集群中的所有V2X-R均通过分发模块与车辆进行通信，即分发模块作为一个集群的统一的对外的通信接口，当车辆在同一个集群中跨越不同的V2X-R的服务区域时，车辆不需要感知为其服务的V2X-R的切换，车辆与分发模块进行通信，由分发模块根据车辆的当前位置，选择其服务区域覆盖车辆的当前位置的V2X-R，作为为车辆服务的V2X-R，并将车辆上报的数据发送给V2X-R。可见，本申请实施例中，车辆在行驶过程中，由于需要进行服务器接入地址切换的最小单位是集群，而不是V2X-R，增大了进行接入地址切换的粒度，降低了接入地址切换的频率，因此节省了切换过程中的 繁琐的流程，从而节省了车辆的性能开销。
在一种可能的实现方式中，车辆可以在同一集群覆盖的服务区域中跨越的不同V2X-R的服务区域，也可以在同一个V2X-C覆盖的服务区域中跨越不同集群的服务区域，还可以跨越不同V2X-C覆盖的服务区域。以下分别对如上三种情况分别进行描述。
一、车辆在同一集群覆盖的服务区域中跨越的不同V2X-R的服务区域的实施例，请参阅图3。
301、车辆向第一分发模块发送上报数据，上报数据中包括车辆的第一位置的信息。
在本申请实施例中，当车辆位于第一集群的服务区域之内时，车辆可以与第一集群的第一分发模块通信。在一种可能的实现方式中，上报数据指的是车辆上报给服务器的数据，其中可以包括车辆的运行数据，车辆的状态信息等，本申请不限定上报数据的内容和发送频率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当车辆位于第一集群的服务区域之内时，车辆可以通过第一分发模块的标识或地址与第一分发模块通信，具体的，车辆可以向第一分发模块的地址发送上报数据，上报数据中包括车辆的第一位置的信息。本申请中，第一位置为车辆向第一分发模块发送上报数据时的地理位置，或为车辆向第一分发模块发送上报数据之前最后一次获得的车辆的地理位置，或车辆根据预置的规则上报的车辆在某一时刻或某一时间段的地理位置。
需要说明的是，车辆可以通过全球定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)中获得车辆的第一位置，也可以通过与基站的交互中获得车辆的第一位置，也可以通过其他定位方式获得车辆的第一位置，此处不做限定。
在一种可能的实现方式中，车辆可以周期性地向第一分发模块发送数据，则第一分发模块可以周期性地向第一区域服务器发送上报数据，如10秒钟发送一次，或1秒钟发送一次，或10分钟发送一次，此处不做限定。在一种可能的实现方式中，车辆发送上报数据的频率为第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3gpp)推荐的10赫兹(hz)，即每秒10次。
在一种可能的实现方式中，车辆可以在内置的车联网终端开机时，向第一分发模块发送上报数据，也可以在车辆启动时向第一分发模块发送上报数据，也可以在车辆开始行驶时向第一分发模块发送上报数据，此处不做限定。在一种可能的实现方式中，车辆也可以只在行驶状态时发送上报数据，而在飞行驶状态时不发送上报数据，以提高频谱资源的利用率，此处不做限定。
302、第一分发模块确定第一位置位于第一集群中的第一区域服务器的服务区域。
在本申请实施例中，当第一分发模块接收到上报数据后，可以从上报数据获得第一位置的信息，并确定第一位置的地理位置位于第一集群中的第一区域服务器的服务区域。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一分发模块可以预置第一集群中各个V2X-R的服务区域的信息，使得当第一分发模块接收到第一位置的信息时，可以根据第一位置匹配预置的第一集群所管理的各个V2X-R的服务区域，以确定第一位置对应的服务区域，从而确定第一区域服务器。在一种可能的实现方式中，还可以由第一中心服务器预置第一集群中各个区域服务器的服务区域的信息，使得当第一分发模块接收到第一位置的信息时，第一分发模 块向第一中心服务器发送第一位置的信息，然后接收第一中心服务器返回的第一区域服务器的信息。在一种可能的实现方式中，还可以有其他方式确定根据第一位置确定第一区域服务器的服务区域，此处不做限定。
303、第一分发模块向第一区域服务器发送上报数据。
在本申请实施例中，当第一分发模块确定第一位置位于第一集群中的第一区域服务器的服务区域后，第一分发模块可以向第一区域服务器发送车辆的上报数据，以使得第一区域服务器为车辆提供服务。
需要说明的是，上述服务可以包括路况消息、碰撞预警和其它各种车联网服务。具体的，路况消息可以为在车辆的当前位置是否有塞车的情况，是否有泥石流，是否修路等信息。在一种可能的实现方式中，区域服务器还可以根据接收到的一段时间内的车辆的位置信息，预测车辆的行驶轨迹，再确定预测轨迹对应的路段的路况消息，此处不做限定。具体的，碰撞预警可以为如在拐弯处，是否有其他车辆，在一些位置是否有修路、自行车或马拉松比赛，或者其他车辆的预测轨迹是否会与车辆的预测轨迹在同一时间有可能发生交叉，即是否有其他车辆与车辆有碰撞的危险的信息，此处不做限定。路况消息和碰撞预警还可以包括其他的内容，此处不做限定。在本申请实施例中，上述服务还可以包括其他内容，此处不做限定。
举例说明，第一集群中的各个V2X-R由于分别服务深圳市中每一个区，每个V2X-R都有负责的服务区域，如龙华区，南山区，福田区等。第一集群的第一分发模块用于接收在深圳市内行驶的车辆发送上报数据，并向第一集群中的V2X-R分发，或接收在第一集群中的V2X-R发送的消息，并下发至在深圳市内行驶的车辆。
304、可选的，第一分发模块确定第一位置位于第一集群中的第二区域服务器的服务区域。
在实际部署中，两个相邻的V2X-R所能服务到的区域可能存在交叠，在此称为交叠服务区域。本实施例中，假设第一位置位于第一区域服务器和第二区域服务器的交叠服务区中，即，第一位置既位于第一区域服务器的服务区内，又位于第二区域服务器的服务区内。在一种可能的实现方式中，可以在第一分发模块中预置交叠服务区域的信息，当获取了第一位置信息，即可确定车辆当前是否位于交叠服务区域中。
305、第一分发模块向第二区域服务器发送上报数据。
当车辆上报的第一位置位于交叠服务区域内时，分发模块除了向第一区域服务器发送车辆的上报数据，还向第二区域服务器发送车辆的上报数据，以使得当车辆驶离第一区域服务器的服务区域而驶入第二区域服务器的服务区域时，第二区域服务器能够快速为车辆提供服务。可选的，第一分发模块可以从第一区域服务器中获取车辆的业务信息，然后向第二区域服务器发送业务信息，以使得第二区域服务器能够继续为车辆提供服务，保障车辆的业务连续性。
二、车辆同一个V2X-C覆盖的服务区域中跨越不同集群的服务区域的又一实施例，请参阅图4。
401、车辆向第一分发模块发送上报数据，该上报数据中包括该车辆的第一位置的信息。
402、第一分发模块确定第一位置位于第一集群中的第一区域服务器的服务区域。
403、第一分发模块向第一区域服务器发送上报数据。
上述步骤401-403与步骤301-303相同，此处不再赘述。
404、第一区域服务器预测将要到达的第二位置，第二位置位于第一区域服务器的服务区域之外。
405、第一区域服务器向第一分发模块发送车辆的第二位置的信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一区域服务器可以预测车辆的行驶路线，以提供如路况消息和碰撞预警的服务。如，第一区域服务器接收到车辆的上报数据后，可以得到车辆行驶数据，在一种可能的实现方式中，车辆行驶数据可以由车辆在不同时间点的多个位置的行驶信息构成，根据车辆行驶数据，可以得到车辆的行驶速度和行驶轨迹，然后第一区域服务器可以根据车辆的行驶速度和行驶轨迹预测车辆的行驶路线。本申请实施例中，第一区域服务器预测的车辆在未来某个时刻或某个时间段的地理位置称为第二位置，第二位置可以包括1个或多个位置点，还可以包括多个位置点构成的预测的行驶路线，还可以包括车辆到达每个位置点的时间点和车辆行驶到每个位置点瞬时速度，本申请对第二位置的具体格式和包含的内容不做限定。当第一区域服务服务器根据车辆的行驶路线确定车辆将要离开第一区域服务器的服务区域时，第一服务器向第一分发模块发送车辆的第二位置的信息。
406、第一分发模块确定第二位置位于第一集群的第二区域服务器的服务区域之内。
由于第一区域服务器预测的车辆即将到达的位置仍然位于第一集群的服务区域之内，因此仍然由第一分发模块执行401-403步骤所述的方法，接收车辆的上报消息，并根据上报消息中的位置信息，选择与位置信息对应的区域服务器进行消息分发。
407、第一分发模块向第二区域服务器发送车辆的上报数据。
为了在车辆行驶到第二区域服务器的服务区域后，第二区域服务器能够快速为车辆提供服务器，第一分发模块可以提前将车辆上报的数据发送给第二区域服务器。因此，第一分发模块在406步骤接收到车辆即将行驶到第二区域服务器的预测后，第一分发模块还可以向第二区域服务器发送车辆的上报数据。
通过图3和图4两个方法流程可以看出，由于车辆在第一集群的服务区域内行驶时，即使第一集群内为车辆服务的V2X-R发生了变化，第一集群与车辆进行通信的接入点或通信地址并没有发生变化，均为第一分发模块，第一集群始终通过第一分发模块与车辆进行通信，降低了接入地址切换的频率，因此节省了切换过程中的繁琐的流程，从而节省了车辆的性能开销。
三、车辆跨越同一V2X-C控制的不同区域服务器的服务区域的实施例。请参阅图5。
501、车辆向第一分发模块发送的上报数据，上报数据中包括车辆的第一位置的信息。
502、第一分发模块确定第一位置位于第一集群中的第一区域服务器的服务区域。
503、第一分发模块向第一区域服务器发送上报数据。
504、第一区域服务器预测车辆将要到达的第二位置，第二位置位于第一区域服务器的服务区域之外。
505、第一区域服务器向第一分发模块发送车辆的第二位置的信息。
上述步骤501-505与步骤401-405相同，此处不再赘述。
506、第一分发模块确定第二位置位于第一集群的服务区域之外。
507、第一分发模块向第一中心服务器发送获取车联网服务器接入信息的消息，消息中包括第二位置的信息。
当车辆从一个集群的服务区域行驶至另一个集群的服务区域时，由于为车辆服务的集群发生变化，而集群对应的分发模块不同，因此车辆需要获得新至服务区域对应的分发模块的标识或地址。需要说明的是，如果车辆先后经过的两个集群共享一个分发模块，即一个分发模块同时负责向服务区域相邻的两个集群的区域服务器分发消息，则车辆在跨越这两个集群的服务区域时，仍然不需要更新服务器侧的通信地址。这种部署场景下，在车辆跨越不同区域服务器的服务区域时，分发模块根据如图3所示的方法流程进行消息的分发。
508、第一中心服务器确定第二位置位于第一中心服务器控制的第二集群的服务区域之内。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一中心服务器可以预置第一中心服务器所控制的各个集群的服务区域，以使得当第一中心服务器接收到第二位置时，可以根据第二位置位于第一中心服务器控制的第二集群的服务区域。
509、第一中心服务器向第一分发模块发送第二分发模块的标识或地址。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一中心服务器可以预置第一中心服务器控制的各个集群对应的分发模块的标识或地址，从而确定第二集群所对应的第二分发模块的标识或地址。
510、第一分发模块向车辆发送第二分发模块的标识或地址。
第一分发模块基于第一区域服务器预测的车辆将要到达的位置，提前通知车辆在下一行驶路段需要接入的分发模块的接入信息，使得车辆在行驶到达第二集群的服务区域时，能够快速接入第二集群对应的分发模块，减少了车辆驶离第一集群后接入到第二集群的接入时间，保证了业务的连续性。
511、车辆向第二分发模块发送车辆的上报数据，上报数据中包括车辆的第三位置的信息。
第三位置为车辆向第二分发模块发送上报数据时的地理位置，或为车辆向第二分发模块发送上报数据之前最后一次获得的车辆的地理位置，或车辆根据预置的规则上报的车辆在某一时刻或某一时间段的地理位置。
需要说明的是，车辆可以在确认到达第二集群的服务区域后，再向第二分发模块发送上报数据，也可以在接收到510消息后，立即将通信对端的地址切换为第二分发模块的地址，在下次需要上报的数据的时候，就向第二分发模块发送上报数据。
512、第二分发模块确定第三位置位于第二集群中的第三区域服务器的服务区域。
513、第二分发模块向第二集群中的第三区域服务器发送上报数据。
通过上述步骤，提供了车辆跨越不同的集群的服务区域的情况下，保障车辆的业务连续性的方案。
四、车辆跨越不同的V2X-C的服务区域的实施例，请参阅图6。
601、车辆向第一分发模块发送的上报数据，上报数据中包括车辆的第一位置的信息。
602、第一分发模块确定第一位置位于第一集群中的第一区域服务器的服务区域。
603、第一分发模块向第一区域服务器发送上报数据。
604、第一区域服务器预测车辆将要到达的第二位置，第二位置位于第一区域服务器的服务区域之外。
605、第一区域服务器向第一分发模块发送车辆的第二位置的信息。
606、第一分发模块确定第二位置位于第一集群的服务区域之外。
607、第一分发模块向第一中心服务器发送获取车联网服务器接入信息的消息，消息中包括第二位置的信息。
上述步骤601-607与步骤501-507相同，此处不做赘述。
608、第一中心服务器确定第二位置位于第二中心服务器的服务区域之内。
当车辆从第一中心服务器的服务区域行驶至第二中心服务区域时，车辆需要与之通信的分发模块不同，因此车辆需要获得新至的服务区域对应的分发模块的标识或地址。
在本申请实施例中，当第一中心服务器接收到第二位置的信息后，可以确定第二位置位于第一中心服务器的服务区域之外。在本申请实施例中，第一中心服务器可以预置各个V2X-C的服务区域，当接收到第二位置的信息后，可以确定第二位置位于第二中心服务器的服务区域。在一种可能的实现方式中，第一中心服务器和第二中心服务器同属于一个V2X-C共享联盟，V2X-C共享联盟中的任意一个V2X-C，均预置有V2X-C共享联盟中的每一个V2X-C的服务区域对应的地理位置。
609、第一中心服务器向第二中心服务器发送车联网服务器接入信息的消息，消息中包括第二位置的信息。
610、第二中心服务器确定第二位置位于第二中心服务器控制的第三集群的服务区域之内。
611、第二中心服务器确定第三集群对应的第三分发模块的标识或地址，并向第一中心服务器发送第三分发模块的标识或地址。
612、第一中心服务器向第一分发模块发送第三分发模块的标识或地址。
613、第一分发模块向车辆发送第三分发模块的标识或地址。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一分发模块在609步骤之后，或在613步骤之后还向车辆的归属中心服务器发送通知消息，归属中心服务器为车辆签约的中心服务器，通知消息用于向归属中心服务器知会车辆准备从第一中心服务器的服务区域行驶至第二中心服务器的服务区域，以使得归属中心服务器更新车辆当前所在服务区域的信息。
614、车辆向第三分发模块发送上报数据，上报数据中包括车辆的第三位置的信息。
615、第三分发模块确定第三位置位于第三集群中的第四区域服务器的服务区域。
616、第三分发模块向第四区域服务器发送上报数据。
上述步骤612-616与步骤509-513类似，此处不再赘述。
请参考图7，本申请还提出了一种分发模块700，包括：
总线、处理器701、通信接口702和存储器703。
总线用于连接处理器701、通信接口702和存储器703。
通信接口702用于与该分发模块700外部的装置或设备进行通信。
该存储器703用于存储程序。
该处理器701用于执行该存储器703中存储的程序，当该程序被执行时，该分发模块执行本专利方法。
请参考图8，本申请还提出了一种中心服务器800，包括：
总线、处理器801、通信接口802和存储器803。
总线用于连接处理器801、通信接口802和存储器803。
该通信接口802用于与该中心服务器800外部的装置或设备进行通信。
该存储器803用于存储程序。
该处理器801用于执行该存储器803中存储的程序，当该程序被执行时，该中心服务器800执行本专利方法。
请参考图9，本申请还提出了一种区域服务器900，包括：
总线、处理器901、通信接口902和存储器903。
总线用于连接处理器901、通信接口902和存储器903。
该通信接口902用于与该区域服务器外部的装置或设备进行通信；
该存储器903用于存储程序。
该处理器901用于执行该存储器903中存储的程序，当该程序被执行时，该区域服务器900执行本专利方法。
总线可包括一通路，在上述组件之间传送信息。
处理器701/801/901可以是一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本发明方案程序执行的集成电路。
通信接口702/802/902，使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其他设备或通信网络通信，如以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。
存储器703/803/903可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器可以是独立存在，通过总线与处理器相连接。存储器也可以和处理器集成在一起。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。
所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一计算机可读存储介质传 输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存储的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘Solid State Disk(SSD))等。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述的方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和区域。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种车联网通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一分发模块接收并向第一集群中的第一区域服务器发送车辆的上报数据，所述上报数据中包括所述车辆的第一位置的信息，所述集群为区域服务器组成的服务器集群；
    所述第一分发模块接收所述第一区域服务器发送的所述车辆的第二位置的信息，所述第二位置为所述第一区域服务器基于所述第一位置预测的所述车辆将要到达的位置，所述第二位置位于所述第一区域服务器的服务区域之外；
    所述第一分发模块确定所述第二位置位于所述第一集群的服务区域之外，所述第一分发模块根据所述第二位置获取第二分发模块的标识或地址，所述第二分发模块用于将接收到的车辆数据分发到第二集群中的区域服务器，所述第二位置位于所述第二区域服务器的服务区域之内；
    所述第一分发模块向所述车辆发送所述第二分发模块的标识或地址，所述第二分发模块的标识或地址用于使所述车辆通过所述第二分发模块的标识或地址与所述第二分发模块通信。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一位置位于所述第一区域服务器的服务区域之内，所述第一分发模块根据所述第一位置确定所述第一区域服务器，并向所述第一区域服务器发送所述车辆的上报数据。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一位置还位于所述第二区域服务器的服务区域之内，所述第二区域服务器为所述第一集群中的区域服务器，所述第一分发模块还根据所述第一位置信息确定所述第二区域服务器，并向所述第二区域服务器发送接收到的所述车辆的上报数据。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一分发模块根据所述第二位置获取属于第二分发模块的标识或地址，具体包括：
    所述第一分发模块向第一中心服务器发送获取车联网服务器接入信息的消息，所述消息中包括所述第二位置的信息，所述第一中心服务器用于控制包括所述第一集群和所述第二集群在内的至少2个服务器集群；
    所述第一分发模块接收所述第一中心服务器发送的所述第二分发模块的标识或地址。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一分发模块根据所述第二位置获取属于第二分发模块的标识或地址，具体包括：
    所述第一分发模块向第一中心服务器发送获取车联网服务器接入信息的消息，所述消息中包括所述第二位置的信息，所述第一中心服务器用于控制所述第一集群，还用于和控制所述第二集群的第二中心服务器互通；
    所述第一分发模块接收所述第一中心服务器发送的所述第二分发模块的标识或地址，所述第二分发模块的标识或地址由所述第一中心服务器根据所述第二位置从所述第二中心服务器获取。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一分发模块还接收所述第一中心服务器发送的所述第二中心服务器的标识或地址之后，还包括：
    所述第一分发模块还向所述车辆的归属中心服务器发送通知消息，所述归属中心服务器为所述车辆签约的中心服务器，所述通知消息用于向所述归属中心服务器知会所述车辆准备从所述第一中心服务器的服务区域行驶至所述第二中心服务器的服务区域。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述车辆通过所述第一分发模块的标识或地址与所述第一分发模块通信。
  8. 一种车联网通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一中心服务器获取第一分发模块发送的获取车联网服务器接入信息的消息，所述消息中包括第二位置的信息，所述第一分发模块用于将接收到的车辆数据分发到第一集群中的区域服务器，所述集群为区域服务器组成的服务器集群，所述第一集群为所述第一中心服务器控制的集群；
    所述第一中心服务器根据所述第二位置获取第二分发模块的标识或地址；
    所述第一中心服务器向所述第一分发模块发送所述第二分发模块的标识或地址，所述第二分发模块用于将接收到的车辆数据分发到第二集群中的区域服务器，所述第二位置位于所述第二集群的服务区域之内。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述方法，其特征在于，所述第二位置位于所述第一中心服务器的服务区域之内，所述第一中心服务器根据所述第二位置获取第二分发模块的标识或地址之前，还包括：
    所述第一中心服务器根据所述第二位置确定第二集群，所述第二集群为所述第一中心服务器所控制的集群。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述方法，其特征在于，所述第二位置位于所述第一中心服务器的服务区域之外，所述第一中心服务器根据所述第二位置获取第二分发模块的标识或地址包括：
    所述第一中心服务器向所述第二中心服务器发送所述第二位置的消息；
    所述第一中心服务器接收所述第二中心服务器发送的所述第二分发模块的标识或地址。
  11. 一种车联网通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一区域服务器接收第一分发模块发送的车辆的上报数据，所述上报数据中包括所述车辆的第一位置的信息，所述第一分发模块用于将接收到的车辆数据分发到第一集群中的区域服务器，所述集群为区域服务器组成的服务器集群，所述第一集群包括所述第一区域服务器；
    所述第一区域服务器基于所述第一位置预测所述车辆将要到达的第二位置，所述第二位置位于所述第一区域服务器的服务区域之外；
    所述第一区域服务器向所述第一分发模块发送位置预测信息，所述位置预测信息用于指示所述车辆即将前往所述第二位置。
  12. 一种分发模块，其特征在于，包括：
    通信接口、存储器和处理器；
    所述通信接口用于与所述分发模块外部的装置或设备进行通信；
    所述存储器用于存储程序；
    所述处理器用于执行所述存储器中存储的程序，当所述程序被执行时，所述分发模块执行如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法。
  13. 一种中心服务器，其特征在于，包括：
    通信接口、存储器和处理器；
    所述通信接口用于与所述中心服务器外部的装置或设备进行通信；
    所述存储器用于存储程序；
    所述处理器用于执行所述存储器中存储的程序，当所述程序被执行时，所述中心服务器执行如权利要求8至10中任一项所述的方法。
  14. 一种区域服务器，其特征在于，包括：
    通信接口、存储器和处理器；
    所述通信接口用于与所述区域服务器外部的装置或设备进行通信；
    所述存储器用于存储程序；
    所述处理器用于执行所述存储器中存储的程序，当所述程序被执行时，所述区域服务器执行如权利要求11所述的方法。
  15. 一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1-11任一所述的方法。
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