WO2020103771A1 - 数据传输方法和装置 - Google Patents

数据传输方法和装置

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Publication number
WO2020103771A1
WO2020103771A1 PCT/CN2019/118791 CN2019118791W WO2020103771A1 WO 2020103771 A1 WO2020103771 A1 WO 2020103771A1 CN 2019118791 W CN2019118791 W CN 2019118791W WO 2020103771 A1 WO2020103771 A1 WO 2020103771A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
modulation
fourier transform
modulation data
frequency domain
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/118791
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡远洲
汪凡
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP19887610.4A priority Critical patent/EP3913876A4/en
Publication of WO2020103771A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020103771A1/zh
Priority to US17/323,580 priority patent/US11469936B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H04L27/2628—Inverse Fourier transform modulators, e.g. inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2614—Peak power aspects
    • H04L27/2615—Reduction thereof using coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2614—Peak power aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2614—Peak power aspects
    • H04L27/2621—Reduction thereof using phase offsets between subcarriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H04L27/2634—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation
    • H04L27/2636—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation with FFT or DFT modulators, e.g. standard single-carrier frequency-division multiple access [SC-FDMA] transmitter or DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [DFT-SOFDM]

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a data transmission method and device.
  • the time-domain data generated by the sending end can be amplified by a power amplifier (PA) and sent to the receiving end.
  • PA power amplifier
  • the output power of low peak-to-average power ratio (peak to average power ratio, PAPR) data after passing through PA may be greater than the output power after passing through PA of the waveform with high PAPR, and the receiver performance is also better. Therefore, in order to ensure the amplification efficiency and the performance of the receiver, the time-domain data before PA amplification may be required to have a low PAPR.
  • the peak-to-average power ratio is also called the peak-to-average ratio.
  • the present application provides a data transmission method and device, which can reduce the PAPR of data transmitted in the time domain.
  • a data transmission method is provided.
  • the method may be executed by a sending end or a chip configured in the sending end, which is not limited in this application.
  • the sending end may be, for example, a terminal device or a network device.
  • the method includes: performing modulation data processing on the first modulated data with a length of M 1 to obtain second modulated data with a length of M 2 , where M 1 ⁇ M 2 and both M 1 and M 2 are positive Integer, any one of the modulation data in the second modulation data is an element in the first modulation data; the second modulation data is preprocessed for transmission to obtain a symbol of time domain transmission data, the transmission pre
  • the processing includes Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform; sending the time-domain transmission data on the one symbol.
  • the first modulation data may be data obtained by binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, or the first modulation data is BPSK modulation data, but this embodiment of the present application does not limit this
  • the first modulated data may also be data obtained after quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation.
  • BPSK binary phase shift keying
  • QPSK quadrature phase shift keying
  • the transmission preprocessing including the Fourier transform and the inverse Fourier transform means that the Fourier transform and the inverse Fourier transform coexist.
  • a single carrier frequency division multiple access (single carrier frequency division multiple access, SC-FDMA) symbol can be obtained. That is, the time-domain transmission data may be SC-FDMA symbols.
  • the Fourier transform may be discrete Fourier transform (DFT) or fast Fourier transform (FFT), or other Fourier transform forms, There are no restrictions on this application.
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • FFT fast Fourier transform
  • the inverse Fourier transform may be an inverse discrete Fourier transform (inverse discrete fourier transform, IDFT), or an inverse fast Fourier transform (inverse fast fourier transform, IFFT), or other
  • IDFT inverse discrete Fourier transform
  • IFFT inverse fast fourier transform
  • the form of inverse Fourier transform is not limited in this application.
  • the time-domain transmission data obtained by obtaining a symbol from the second modulation data has undergone Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform operations. Therefore, the time-domain transmission data can be approximated by supersampling the second modulation data and superimposing, because Part of the modulated data in the second modulated data is related to each other.
  • the probability of random superimposition is reduced when the second modulated data is oversampled and superimposed, and the probability of superimposed superimposition is also reduced, which can reduce PAPR.
  • there is also a certain correlation between part of the data in the time domain transmission data of one symbol obtained from the second modulation data and the use of this correlation can further reduce PAPR.
  • the data transmission method provided by the present application can reduce the PAPR of data sent in the time domain to less than 2 dB.
  • the data transmission method provided by the present application can be applied to the first modulation data of any length, and is not limited to the first modulation data of even length.
  • M 2 K ⁇ M 1
  • K is an integer greater than 1.
  • the first modulation data and the second modulation data satisfy the following relationship:
  • d 1 is the first modulation data
  • d 1 (m 1 ) is the m 1st element in the first modulation data
  • d 2 is the second modulation data
  • d 2 (m 2 ) is The m 2nd element in the second modulation data.
  • the transmission preprocessing further includes phase rotation or phase rotation and filtering, and the filtering is frequency domain filtering or time domain filtering. Furthermore, the transmission pre-processing may also include a cyclic prefix (CP) operation.
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • the second modulated data d 2 is sequentially subjected to phase rotation, Fourier transform, and inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time-domain transmission data.
  • performing phase rotation, Fourier transform, inverse Fourier transform, and adding CP to the second modulated data d 2 in sequence may obtain the time-domain transmission data.
  • the second modulated data d 2 may be sequentially subjected to phase rotation, Fourier transform, inverse Fourier transform, and time-domain filtering to obtain the time-domain transmission data.
  • the second modulated data d 2 may be sequentially subjected to phase rotation, Fourier transform, inverse Fourier transform, time-domain filtering, and CP addition to obtain the time-domain transmission data.
  • the second modulated data d 2 is sequentially subjected to phase rotation, Fourier transform, frequency domain filtering, and inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time domain transmission data.
  • the second modulated data d 2 is sequentially subjected to phase rotation, Fourier transform, frequency domain filtering, inverse Fourier transform, and CP addition to obtain the time domain transmission data.
  • the phase factor of the phase rotation Can be or or or
  • phase factor can also be related to the symbol index, but this application does not limit this. For example, if the symbol index where the second modulation data is located is expressed as l, then the phase factor The value of can also be or or or or
  • the first modulation data may be BPSK modulation data
  • the second modulation data may be BPSK modulation data
  • Pi / 2-BPSK modulation data may be obtained by phase-rotating the second modulation data, thereby enabling Further reduce the PAPR of the data sent in the time domain.
  • the first modulation data and the second modulation data satisfy the following relationship:
  • mod means modulo operation
  • d 1 is the first modulation data
  • d 1 (m 1 ) is the m 1st element in the first modulation data
  • d 2 is the second modulation data
  • d 2 (m 2 ) is the m 2nd element in the second modulation data.
  • the transmission preprocessing further includes phase rotation and data extraction, or phase rotation, filtering, and data extraction.
  • the filtering is frequency domain filtering or time domain filtering.
  • the transmission pre-processing may also include a cyclic prefix (CP) operation.
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • the second modulation data is sequentially subjected to phase rotation and Fourier transform to obtain frequency domain data of length M 2 .
  • the frequency domain data to extract data to obtain an extract of length M frequency-domain data, wherein the extracting frequency domain data into frequency domain data in the part of the element.
  • Inverse Fourier transform is performed on the extracted frequency domain data to obtain time domain transmit data, or inverse Fourier transform and CP are added to the extracted frequency domain data in turn to obtain time domain transmit data.
  • frequency domain filtering and inverse Fourier transform can be performed on the extracted frequency domain data in sequence to obtain time domain transmission data.
  • CP processing is performed after the inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time-domain transmission data.
  • inverse Fourier transform and time domain filtering are sequentially performed on the extracted frequency domain data to obtain time domain transmission data.
  • the terminal device performs CP addition processing to obtain the time-domain transmission data.
  • the phase factor of the phase rotation Can be or or or
  • phase factor can also be related to the symbol index, but this application does not limit this. For example, if the symbol index where the second modulation data is located is expressed as l, then the phase factor The value of can also be or or or or
  • the first modulation data may be BPSK modulation data
  • the second modulation data may be BPSK modulation data
  • Pi / 2-BPSK modulation data may be obtained by phase-rotating the second modulation data, thereby enabling Further reduce the PAPR of the data sent in the time domain.
  • the position I k ′ of each element in the extracted frequency domain data in the frequency domain data is determined according to the value of K.
  • the position I k ' may be a (K ⁇ M 1/4) mod K + k' ⁇ K; when the phase factor for phase rotation , The position I k 'may K is (-K ⁇ M 1/4) mod + k' ⁇ K.
  • the first modulation data is determined according to a reference signal.
  • the first modulation data may be obtained by modulating a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • a method for sending data is provided.
  • the method may be executed by a sending end or a chip configured in the sending end, which is not limited in this application.
  • the sending end may be, for example, a terminal device or a network device.
  • the method comprising: a first modulation data of length M 1 of a first order phase rotation and the Fourier transform to obtain frequency domain data of length M 1; and the frequency-domain data is cyclically extended to give Extended data of length M 2 , where M 1 ⁇ M 2 , and both M 1 and M 2 are positive integers; perform a second phase rotation on the extended data to obtain frequency domain rotation data; rotate the frequency domain
  • the data is subjected to transmission preprocessing to obtain the time domain transmission data of one symbol.
  • the transmission preprocessing includes inverse Fourier transform; the time domain transmission data is transmitted on the one symbol.
  • the first modulation data may be data obtained by binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, or the first modulation data is BPSK modulation data, but this embodiment of the present application does not limit this
  • the first modulated data may also be data obtained after quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation.
  • BPSK binary phase shift keying
  • QPSK quadrature phase shift keying
  • the time-domain transmission data may be SC-FDMA symbols.
  • the Fourier transform may be discrete Fourier transform (DFT) or fast Fourier transform (FFT), or other Fourier transform forms, There are no restrictions on this application.
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • FFT fast Fourier transform
  • the inverse Fourier transform may be an inverse discrete Fourier transform (inverse discrete fourier transform, IDFT), or an inverse fast Fourier transform (inverse fast fourier transform, IFFT), or other
  • IDFT inverse discrete Fourier transform
  • IFFT inverse fast fourier transform
  • the form of inverse Fourier transform is not limited in this application.
  • the data transmission method provided by the present application by performing the first phase rotation, Fourier transform and cyclic expansion operations on the first modulated data, extended data with a longer length can be obtained, because part of the modulated data in the extended data is The correlation is not completely random, so there is also a certain correlation between part of the data in the time domain transmission data of a symbol obtained from the extended data, and the use of this correlation can further reduce PAPR. And through simulation, it can be known that the data transmission method provided by the present application can reduce the PAPR of data sent in the time domain to less than 2 dB.
  • the data transmission method provided by the present application can be applied to the first modulation data of any length, and is not limited to the first modulation data of even length.
  • M 2 K ⁇ M 1
  • K is an integer greater than 1.
  • the phase factor of the first phase rotation is determined according to the value of K; and / or
  • the phase factor of the second phase rotation is determined according to the value of M 2 and the value of K.
  • the first modulation data and the rotation modulation data obtained by performing the first phase rotation on the first modulation data satisfy the following relationship:
  • d 1 is the first modulation data
  • d 1 (m 1 ) is the m 1st element in the first modulation data
  • d shift is the rotation modulation data
  • d shift (m 1 ) is the rotation the modulated data m 1 -th element.
  • the extended data and the frequency domain rotation data satisfy the following relationship:
  • d extension is the extension data
  • d extension (k ′) is the k′th element in the extension data
  • d fre, shift is the frequency domain rotation modulation data
  • D fre, shift (k ′) is the k′th element in the frequency domain rotation modulation data.
  • the sending preprocessing further includes frequency domain filtering or time domain filtering. Further, it may also include a CP addition operation.
  • the first modulation data is determined according to a reference signal.
  • the first modulation data may be obtained by modulating a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus, which may be a sending end, an apparatus in the sending end, or a design that can implement any of the first or second design examples Other devices of corresponding functions executed by the terminal, where the sending end may be a terminal device or a network device.
  • the device may include a processing module and a transceiver module.
  • the processing module and the transceiver module may perform the corresponding functions performed by the sending end in any of the design examples of the first aspect, specifically:
  • the processing module is configured to process modulated data on the first modulated data of length M 1 to obtain second modulated data of length M 2 , where M 1 ⁇ M 2 , and M 1 and M 2 are both positive integers, Any modulation data in the second modulation data is an element in the first modulation data;
  • the processing module is further configured to perform preprocessing on the second modulated data to obtain a symbol in the time domain.
  • the preprocessing includes Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform;
  • the transceiver module is used for sending the time domain sending data on the one symbol.
  • M 1 and M 2 can be referred to the specific description of M 1 and M 2 in the first aspect, which is not specifically limited here.
  • first modulation data and the second modulation data refer to the specific description of the first modulation data and the second modulation data in the first aspect, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the first modulation data is determined according to the reference signal.
  • processing module and the transceiver module may perform the corresponding functions performed by the sending end in any of the design examples in the second aspect, specifically:
  • the processing module is configured to perform first phase rotation and Fourier transform on the first modulated data of length M 1 in order to obtain frequency domain data of length M 1 ; perform cyclic expansion on the frequency domain data to obtain a length of Extended data of M 2 , where M 1 ⁇ M 2 , and M 1 and M 2 are both positive integers; perform a second phase rotation on the extended data to obtain frequency domain rotation data; perform on the frequency domain rotation data
  • the transceiver module is used for sending the time domain sending data on the one symbol.
  • M 1 and M 2 can be referred to the specific description of M 1 and M 2 in the second aspect, which is not specifically limited here.
  • phase factor of the first phase rotation can be referred to the specific description of the phase factor of the first phase rotation in the second aspect, which is not specifically limited here.
  • phase factor of the second phase rotation can be referred to the specific description of the phase factor of the first phase rotation in the second aspect, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the first modulation data is determined according to the reference signal.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus.
  • the apparatus includes a processor, configured to implement the function of the sending end in the method described in the first aspect above.
  • the device may also include a memory for storing program instructions and data.
  • the memory is coupled to the processor, and the processor can call and execute program instructions stored in the memory to implement the function of the sending end in the method described in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the sending end may further include a communication interface, and the communication interface is used for the device to communicate with other devices.
  • the apparatus when the apparatus is a terminal device, the other device is a terminal device or a network device.
  • the apparatus is a network device, the other device is a terminal device or a network device.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, a circuit, a bus, or a bus interface, etc., which is not limited in this application.
  • the device includes:
  • Memory used to store program instructions
  • the processor is configured to perform modulation data processing on the first modulation data of length M 1 to obtain second modulation data of length M 2 , where M 1 ⁇ M 2 , and M 1 and M 2 are both positive integers, Any one of the modulation data in the second modulation data is an element in the first modulation data; the second modulation data is subjected to transmission preprocessing to obtain one-symbol time-domain transmission data. Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform; the processor is also used to send the time domain transmission data on the one symbol using the communication interface.
  • M 1 and M 2 can be referred to the specific description of M 1 and M 2 in the first aspect, which is not specifically limited here.
  • first modulation data and the second modulation data refer to the specific description of the first modulation data and the second modulation data in the first aspect, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the first modulation data is determined according to the reference signal.
  • the device includes:
  • Memory used to store program instructions
  • Sending pre-processing to obtain the time-domain sending data of a symbol the sending pre-processing includes inverse Fourier transform; the processor is also used to send the time-domain sending data on the one symbol using the communication interface.
  • M 1 and M 2 can be referred to the specific description of M 1 and M 2 in the second aspect, which is not specifically limited here.
  • phase factor of the first phase rotation can be referred to the specific description of the phase factor of the first phase rotation in the second aspect, which is not specifically limited here.
  • phase factor of the second phase rotation can be referred to the specific description of the phase factor of the first phase rotation in the second aspect, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the first modulation data is determined according to the reference signal.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect .
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect The method.
  • a computer program product includes: a computer program (may also be referred to as code or instructions), which, when the computer program is executed, causes a computer to perform the first aspect to the The method in the second aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the second aspect.
  • a computer program may also be referred to as code or instructions
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system.
  • the chip system includes a processor, and may further include a memory, for implementing the function of the sending end in the above method.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the PA's amplification function.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of performing a transmission process on Pi / 2-BPSK modulated data of length M.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided by this application.
  • 5 is a schematic diagram of modulation data processing using modulation data processing mode 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of modulation data processing using modulation data processing method II.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of modulation data processing using modulation data processing method three.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of an example of a data transmission method provided by this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an example of a data transmission method provided by this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of an example of a data transmission method provided by this application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram of an example of a data transmission method provided by this application.
  • FIG. 12 is a simulation diagram of PAPR of data sent in the time domain according to the data transmission method of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of another data transmission method provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic flowchart of another data transmission method provided by the present application.
  • 15 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 is a schematic block diagram of another device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • LTE-Advanced LTE evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD LTE time division duplex
  • NB-IoT narrowband Internet of Things
  • eMTC enhanced machine type communication
  • WiMAX global interconnect microwave access
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • 5G future fifth generation
  • NR new radio
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system 100 applicable to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system 100 may include at least one network device, such as the network device 110 shown in FIG. 1; the communication system 100 may also include at least one terminal device, such as the terminal device 120 shown in FIG.
  • the communication system 100 may further include a network device 130 and / or a terminal device 140.
  • the network device and the terminal device can communicate through a wireless link.
  • the terminal device and the terminal device can communicate directly or communicate indirectly through the network device.
  • wireless communication between network devices and terminal devices, such as communication between network device 110 and terminal device 120; wireless communication between network devices and network devices, such as communication between network devices 110 and 130 ; Wireless communication between terminal equipment and terminal equipment, such as the communication between terminal equipment 120 and 140.
  • wireless communication may also be simply referred to as “communication”, and the term “communication” may also be described as “data transmission”, “signal transmission”, “information transmission”, or “transmission”.
  • the transmission may include sending or receiving.
  • the transmission may be uplink transmission, for example, the terminal device may send a signal to the network device; the transmission may also be downlink transmission, for example, the network device may send a signal to the terminal device.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various access technologies.
  • it can be applied to orthogonal multiple access (orthogonal multiple access, OMA) technology or non-orthogonal multiple access (non-orthogonal multiple access, NOMA) technology.
  • orthogonal multiple access technology it can be applied to orthogonal frequency division multiple access (orthogonal frequency division multiple access, OFDMA) or single carrier frequency division multiple access (single carrier frequency division multiple access, SC-FDMA) and other technologies
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • SCMA sparse code multiple access
  • MUSA multi-user shared access
  • pattern division multiple access Access pattern division multiple access, PDMA
  • IGMA interleave-grid multiple access
  • RSMA resource extended multiple access
  • NCMA non-orthogonal coded multiple access
  • NOCA non-orthogonal coded access
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various scheduling types. For example, it can be applied to authorization-based scheduling or authorization-free scheduling.
  • the network device can send scheduling information to the terminal device through dynamic signaling, where the scheduling information carries transmission parameters, and the network device and the terminal device perform data transmission based on the transmission parameters.
  • scheduling information may be pre-configured, or the network device may send scheduling information to the terminal device through semi-static signaling, and the scheduling information carries a transmission parameter, and the network device and the terminal device perform data transmission based on the transmission parameter.
  • the authorization-free scheduling may also be called non-dynamic scheduling (without dynamic scheduling), non-dynamic authorization (without dynamic grant), or other names, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the network equipment (for example, the network equipment 110 or 130 shown in FIG. 1) involved in this application may include but is not limited to: evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB), radio network controller (Radio Network Controller, RNC), Node B (Node B, NB), Base Station Controller (BSC), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Home Base Station (eg, Home Evolved NodeB, or Home Node B, HNB), Baseband Unit (BaseBand Unit, BBU), access point (Access Point, AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (TP) or transmission and reception in the wireless fidelity (WIFI) system Transmission point (TRP), etc., can also be 5G, such as NR, gNB in the system, or transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group of base stations in the 5G system (including multiple antennas) (Panel) Antenna panel, or may be a network node that constitutes a gNB or a transmission point,
  • gNB may include a centralized unit (CU) and DU.
  • the gNB may also include a radio unit (RU).
  • CU implements some functions of gNB
  • DU implements some functions of gNB, for example, CU implements radio resource control (RRC), packet data convergence layer protocol (packet, data, protocol, PDCP) layer functions
  • RRC radio resource control
  • packet data convergence layer protocol packet, data, protocol, PDCP
  • DU implements wireless chain The functions of the radio link (control, RLC) layer, the media access control (MAC) layer, and the physical (PHY) layer.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • MAC media access control
  • PHY physical
  • the network device may be a CU node, or a DU node, or a device including a CU node and a DU node.
  • the CU can be divided into network devices in the radio access network (RAN), and can also be divided into network devices in the core network (CN), which is not limited in this application.
  • RAN radio access network
  • CN core network
  • the apparatus for implementing the function of the network device may be a network device, or may be an apparatus capable of supporting the network device to realize the function, such as a chip system.
  • the technical solution provided by the present application is described by taking an example in which the device for realizing the function of the network device is a network device.
  • the terminal equipment involved in this application may also be referred to as user equipment (user equipment (UE), access terminal, subscriber unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless Communication equipment, user agent or user device.
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, and an augmented reality (AR) terminal Equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grids, transportation safety ( Wireless terminals in transportation, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the application scenarios.
  • the apparatus for implementing the function of the terminal device may be a terminal device, or may be an apparatus capable of supporting the terminal device to realize the function, such as a chip system.
  • the technical solution provided by the present application is described by taking an example in which the device for realizing the function of the terminal device is a terminal device.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, and may also include chips and other discrete devices.
  • a symbol is generally composed of a cyclic prefix (CP) and a period of time domain data.
  • a symbol can be represented as s (t), and the duration is (N cp + N) ⁇ T s .
  • the time domain data of s (t) with a time range of 0 ⁇ t ⁇ N cp ⁇ T s can be regarded as CP, and the time range with s (t) is
  • the time-domain data of N cp ⁇ T s ⁇ t ⁇ (N cp + N) ⁇ T s is the time-domain data of N ⁇ T s for a period of time.
  • T s is a time unit factor.
  • T s may be the time interval between two adjacent discrete data in discrete data obtained by discrete sampling of continuous time-domain output data s (t), and N cp is discrete sampling of CP
  • N is the number of sampled data obtained by discretely sampling time-domain data with a period of N ⁇ T s .
  • N 2048 in the LTE system
  • N cp 160 or 144
  • T s 1 / (15000 ⁇ 2048) seconds
  • one symbol is composed of cyclic prefix and time domain data with a duration of about 66.7 microseconds.
  • the resource unit is the smallest physical resource, and is generally the smallest resource that carries data.
  • a resource unit corresponds to a subcarrier in the frequency domain and corresponds to a symbol in the time domain (that is, located within a symbol). That is, the position of the resource unit can be determined by the index of the symbol and the index of the subcarrier.
  • a RE can generally carry a complex number of data. For example, for an OFDM waveform, one RE carries a modulation data; for an SC-FDMA waveform, a RE carries one of the output data obtained by Fourier transform of the modulation data.
  • Resource block (resource block, RB)
  • a resource block is a collection composed of several resource units.
  • a resource block generally contains several consecutive symbols in the time domain and several consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, for the LTE system, one resource block contains 7 or 6 consecutive symbols in the time domain and 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. In other words, one resource block in the LTE system contains 84 or 72 resource units.
  • the sending end when the sending end sends data to the receiving end, for example, when the terminal device 120 in the communication system 100 sends data to the network device 110, the time domain data generated by the terminal device 120 can be amplified by the PA and sent to the network device 110 .
  • the output power of low-PAPR data after PA is higher than that of high-PAPR waveforms after PA, and the receiver performance is better.
  • HF high frequency
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the PA amplification function.
  • the signal before the amplification is called the input signal of the PA
  • the amplified signal is the output signal of the PA.
  • the amplification function of the input signal by the PA includes a linear region and a nonlinear region. In the linear region, the amplification gain of the PA is constant, that is, the power ratio of the input signal and the output signal is constant, and the phase of the input signal and the output signal is the same.
  • the PA's amplification function will be distorted, that is, the PA's amplification gain decreases with the increase of the input signal power, and even the PA has no amplification effect; and, the phase of the input signal and the output signal may also be different, that is, PA In the nonlinear region, the nature of the signal to be transmitted may be changed, which will affect the demodulation performance of the signal at the receiving end. Therefore, when the PA works in the nonlinear region, the amplification efficiency will decrease.
  • the data samples of different amplitudes will be distorted to different degrees due to the different amplitudes of the different data points, that is, the amplitude and phase changes of the data samples of different amplitudes are not linear changes.
  • the input signal power corresponding to the data samples with very large amplitude is located in the nonlinear region of the PA, which makes the input data non-linearly amplified and causes distortion of the waveform. Waveform distortion will increase out-of-band leakage (OOB), worse out-of-band performance, and introduce interference, that is, increase the error vector magnitude (EVM).
  • OOB out-of-band leakage
  • EVM error vector magnitude
  • the degree of waveform distortion is proportional to PAPR, that is, the higher the PAPR of the transmitted data, the more severe the distortion received through the nonlinear PA.
  • PAPR For a transmission system, out-of-band leakage and EVM have corresponding requirements.
  • it is necessary to perform a certain backoff of the PA output power that is, reduce the input data power. That is, the data output power after passing through the PA is reduced accordingly, so that the PA works in a more linear region, and the distortion of the waveform is reduced.
  • the demodulation performance of the data is lost, so that the data transmission rate of the system is reduced.
  • low PAPR waveforms can increase the output power of the PA, thereby improving demodulation performance.
  • the sending end can use the modulation data obtained by Pi / 2-BPSK modulation as the modulation data to be sent, and the single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) can be obtained from the modulation data to be sent ) Waveform, while introducing filtering operations, this can reduce PAPR to about 2dB.
  • SC-FDMA single-carrier frequency division multiple access
  • Pi / 2-BPSK modulated data of length M undergoes M-point Fourier transform to obtain M frequency-domain data, and M frequency-domain data points are multiplied by M filter coefficients for frequency-domain filtering. Among them, each frequency domain data point is multiplied by its own filter coefficient. Then, inverse Fourier transform is performed, and cyclic prefix (CP) is added to obtain the time-domain transmission data of a symbol. Finally, the obtained time-domain transmission data is transmitted on the symbol.
  • the filtering may also be time-domain filtering.
  • 2dB PAPR may not meet the demand, that is, these scenarios may require lower PAPR. Therefore, the PAPR of data needs to be further reduced.
  • the present application provides another data transmission method, which can reduce the PAPR of the modulated data to less than 2 dB, so as to further increase the output power of the PA and further improve the demodulation performance.
  • pre-defined may be pre-stored in the device (for example, including terminal devices and network devices) corresponding Code, form, or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information, and this application does not limit its specific implementation.
  • protocol in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a standard protocol in the communication field, for example, it may include the LTE protocol, the NR protocol, and related protocols applied in future communication systems, which are not limited in this application.
  • the data transmission method provided by the present application may be applied to downlink communication or uplink communication.
  • a data transmission method provided by the present application will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method 400. As shown, the method 400 shown in FIG. 4 may include S410 to S430. The steps of the method 400 are described in detail below with reference to FIG. 4.
  • the terminal device of a first modulation of length M 1 D 1 data is modulated data to give a second modulation data of length M 2 of d 2.
  • M 1 ⁇ M 2 , and M 1 and M 2 are both positive integers.
  • the length of the first modulation data d 1 is M 1 , that is, the first modulation data d 1 contains M 1 modulation data.
  • the first modulation data may be data obtained by BPSK modulation, or the first modulation data is BPSK modulation data, but this embodiment of the present application is not limited to this, for example, the first modulation data may also be obtained by QPSK modulation data.
  • BPSK modulation data The characteristic of BPSK modulation data is that the amplitude between two adjacent modulation data points is the same, and the phase difference is 0 or ⁇ . Therefore, for BPSK modulation data of length M 1 corresponding to a symbol, if the 0th modulation data of the symbol is Then, the first modulation data of the symbol can be 1 or -1, and the second modulation data of the symbol can be 1 or -1, that is, the phase difference between two adjacent modulation data in the symbol is 0 or ⁇ , which satisfies BPSK modulation.
  • the first modulation data may be one or more modulation data obtained by performing modulation processing on a bit stream containing one or more bits using a BPSK modulation method.
  • the obtained one or more modulated data may be mapped to a symbol, where the one symbol is any one of the one or more symbols for data transmission by the terminal device.
  • the modulation data mapped onto a certain symbol may be referred to as the modulation data transmitted on that symbol.
  • the above bit stream can be obtained by various processing methods, for example, the original bit stream can be processed by encoding, interleaving, and scrambling to obtain the bit stream.
  • the original bit stream can be obtained according to the service to be sent by the terminal device, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM
  • the terminal device transmits data on 10 symbols, and the bandwidth allocated to each symbol is 1RB, that is, 12 subcarriers, the 10 One symbol and 1 RB correspond to 120 REs.
  • the terminal device can map one modulated data on each RE and send the modulated data to the network device on the RE.
  • the bit stream of the terminal device contains 120 bits of data, and the terminal device performs BPSK modulation on the 120 bits of data to obtain 120 BPSK modulated data.
  • the 120 BPSK modulation data can be divided into 10 groups, each group contains 12 BPSK modulation data, the 10 groups of BPSK modulation data correspond to 10 symbols one by one (such as the 0th group of BPSK modulation data corresponds to the 0th symbol, the first One set of BPSK modulated data corresponds to the first symbol, and so on), that is to say, a set of BPSK modulated data can be sent on each symbol, or any set of BPSK modulated data can be regarded as the first modulated data.
  • the correspondence between the input bits of the BPSK modulation of the bit stream and the corresponding output modulation data may be as shown in Table 1 (a) or Table 1 (b).
  • the output BPSK modulated data according to Table 1 (a) is [1,1,1, -1, -1, -1, -1,1,1, -1,1, -1].
  • a reference signal (reference signal (RS)) is also sent.
  • the reference signal may also be called a pilot signal.
  • the reference signal sent with the data is a signal known by both terminal equipment and network equipment, and is mainly used to assist the receiving device in demodulating data, so it may also be called a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • the reference signal and the data may be located in different symbols, and the frequency domain occupies the same bandwidth.
  • the terminal device sends data and reference signals.
  • the network device After receiving the corresponding data and reference signals, the network device uses known reference signals to perform channel estimation and interpolation to estimate the channel response of the symbol where the data is located ( channel), and then use the received data and its estimated channel response to perform equalization and demodulation to demodulate the transmitted data.
  • the first modulation data in this application may be obtained by BPSK modulation of the bit stream.
  • the terminal device of the present application sends unknown data that needs to be demodulated by the network device.
  • the bit stream is known data, that is, when the network device knows the transmitted bit stream
  • the time-domain transmission data of a symbol generated by this application can be used as a reference signal to assist the network device in demodulation, that is, in this application
  • the time domain transmission data may be reference signals, such as DMRS, CSI-RS, etc.
  • the bit stream corresponding to the BPSK modulated data transmitted by the symbol can be obtained by a pseudo-random sequence (such as a Gold sequence or a pseudo-noise sequence (PN sequence)).
  • the initialized value of the pseudo-random sequence may be obtained through pre-configuration or according to a predefined rule, or may be determined by the terminal device according to its identifier, or may be notified by the network device to the terminal device through signaling.
  • the PAPR of the data transmitted in the time domain of the symbol where the reference signal is obtained in this way is the same as the PAPR of the data transmitted in the time domain of the symbol of the modulation data to be transmitted.
  • the first modulation data may also be modulation data known by both the terminal device and the network device, and the known modulation data is pre-configured by the network device, and the known modulation data may be BPSK modulation data, QPSK modulation data, 8PSK modulation data and other modulation data.
  • the length of the second modulation data d 2 is M 2 , that is, the second modulation data d 2 contains M 2 modulation data.
  • any of the second modulated data d 2 of a first modulated data in a modulated data element d i.e., any second modulated data d 2 in a modulated data belonging to the first modulated data d 1. It should be understood, a first modulated data element d 1 in the first modulated data in a modulated data d 1.
  • K is an integer greater than 1.
  • the modulation data processing in S410 may specifically be any one of the following modulation data processing method 1 to modulation data processing method 3. The three methods are described in detail below.
  • the first modulation data d 1 and the second modulation data d 2 satisfy the following relationship:
  • the Two modulation data can be expressed as:
  • d 2 [d 1 (0), d 1 (0), d 1 (0), d 1 (0), d 1 (1), d 1 (1), d 1 (1), d 1 (1 ), d 1 (2), d 1 (2), d 1 (2), d 1 (2)].
  • K step can be pre-configured, or the network device can notify the terminal device through signaling.
  • the data in the data is arranged at equal intervals 2 in the second modulation data, and one possible arrangement manner may be the form shown in FIG. 6.
  • the first modulation data d 1 and the second modulation data d 2 satisfy the following relationship:
  • mod means modulo operation
  • d 2 [d 1 (0), d 1 (1), d 1 (2), d 1 (0), d 1 (1), d 1 (2), d 1 (0), d 1 (1 ), d 1 (2), d 1 (0), d 1 (1), d 1 (2)].
  • the second modulation data d 2 can be obtained by performing any one of the modulation data processing method 1 to the modulation data processing method 3 on the first debug data d 1 .
  • the terminal device performs pre-processing on the second modulated data d 2 to obtain one-symbol time-domain transmission data.
  • the transmission preprocessing includes both Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform, that is to say, the Fourier transform and the inverse Fourier transform coexist.
  • the terminal device can obtain the SC-FDMA symbol after pre-processing the second modulated data d 2 . That is, the time-domain transmission data may be SC-FDMA symbols.
  • the terminal device sends the time domain transmission data on the symbol (or the one symbol).
  • the transmission pre-processing in S420 can be implemented by the following transmission pre-processing method 1 or transmission pre-processing method 2.
  • the transmission pre-processing method 1 can be applied to the scenario where the modulation data processing adopts the modulation data processing method 1 or method 2
  • the transmission pre-processing method 2 can be applied to the scenario where the modulation data processing adopts the modulation data processing method 3 to implement
  • this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the following describes the transmission pre-processing method 1 and the transmission pre-processing method 2.
  • the transmission preprocessing may also include phase rotation.
  • the sending preprocessing may also include filtering.
  • the filtering may be frequency domain filtering or time domain filtering.
  • the terminal device can obtain the time-domain transmission data by sequentially performing phase rotation, Fourier transform, and inverse Fourier transform on the second modulated data d 2 .
  • the terminal device may obtain the time-domain transmission data by sequentially performing phase rotation, Fourier transform, inverse Fourier transform, and adding CP to the second modulated data d 2 .
  • the terminal device may obtain the time-domain transmission data by sequentially performing phase rotation, Fourier transform, inverse Fourier transform, and time-domain filtering on the second modulated data d 2 .
  • the terminal device may obtain the time-domain transmission data by sequentially performing phase rotation, Fourier transform, inverse Fourier transform, time-domain filtering, and CP addition on the second modulated data d 2 .
  • the terminal device may obtain the time-domain transmission data by sequentially performing phase rotation, Fourier transform, frequency domain filtering, and inverse Fourier transform on the second modulated data d 2 .
  • the terminal device may obtain the time domain transmission data by sequentially performing phase rotation, Fourier transform, frequency domain filtering, inverse Fourier transform, and adding CP to the second modulated data d 2 .
  • the first method of sending preprocessing will be described in detail below in conjunction with the data transmission method according to the present application shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic block diagram of a data transmission method.
  • the data transmission method shown in FIG. 8 is implemented by frequency domain filtering.
  • the operations or steps such as phase rotation, Fourier transform, inverse Fourier transform, frequency domain filtering, and CP addition in FIG. 8 will be described below.
  • the second modulation data d 2 of length M 2 is obtained.
  • the second modulation data d 2 undergoes phase rotation to obtain rotation modulation data d shift of length M 2 .
  • d shift (m 2 ) is the m 2 th data in the rotational modulation data.
  • phase rotation operation may be the m 2nd data in the second modulation data multiplied by its corresponding phase factor Therefore, the rotation modulation data d shift can be expressed as:
  • phase factor here
  • the value of can be or or or
  • phase factor can also be related to the symbol index, but this application does not limit this. For example, if the symbol index where the second modulation data is located is expressed as l, then the phase factor The value of can also be or or or or
  • the rotation modulation data obtained after the second modulation data undergoes phase rotation is Pi / 2-BPSK modulation data.
  • the rotation modulation data is Pi / 2-BPSK modulation data, which indicates that the rotation modulation data is characterized by the same amplitude between two adjacent modulation data points, and the phase difference is ⁇ / 2 or 3 ⁇ / 2. Therefore, if the symbol corresponds to the first 0 modulation data is 1, then the first modulation data corresponding to the symbol can be j or -j, and the second modulation data corresponding to the symbol can be 1 or -1, between the adjacent modulation data in the symbol The phase difference is ⁇ / 2 or 3 ⁇ / 2, which meets Pi / 2-BPSK modulation.
  • the rotationally modulated data d shift of length M 2 undergoes M 2 point Fourier transform to obtain frequency domain data d fre of length M 2 .
  • the frequency domain data d fre can be expressed as:
  • Is a coefficient used to adjust the power of the output data obtained by Fourier transform
  • Is a real number for example It may be a pre-configured fixed value, or the network device may notify the terminal device through signaling.
  • d fre (h) is the h data in d fre .
  • the Fourier transform can be discrete Fourier transform (discrete fourier transform, DFT) or fast Fourier transform (fast Fourier transform, FFT), or other Fourier transform form, which is not done in this application limit.
  • S filter (h) is the h-th coefficient in the frequency domain filter S filter of length M 2 .
  • the frequency domain filter coefficients are all 1, the frequency domain data d fre and the frequency domain filter data d filter are consistent, and there is no need to perform frequency domain filtering or equivalently, no frequency domain filtering operation is performed.
  • the frequency domain filter S filter of length M 2 may be a frequency domain form of a commonly used filter, such as a square root raised cosine (SRRC) filter and a root raised cosine (RRC)
  • SRRC square root raised cosine
  • RRC root raised cosine
  • the frequency domain forms of filters such as filters are not limited in this application.
  • M 2 is consistent with the number of subcarriers corresponding to the data allocation bandwidth.
  • M 2 K ⁇ M 1
  • the number of subcarriers corresponding to the data allocation bandwidth is K times that of the first modulation data.
  • inverse Fourier transform and CP operation are performed on the frequency domain filter data d filter of length M 2 to obtain one symbol of time domain transmission data.
  • the frequency domain filter data d filter of length M 2 undergoes inverse Fourier transform and CP is added to obtain a symbol of the time domain transmission data s.
  • One possible implementation manner is:
  • s (t) is the data at the t-th time in s
  • t start ⁇ t ⁇ t end , t start , t and t end are real numbers
  • t end -t start (N + N cp ) ⁇ T s
  • N cp ⁇ T s is the length of time for the cyclic prefix.
  • T s is a time unit factor, which may be pre-configured, or may be notified by the network device to the terminal device through signaling.
  • T s may be a time interval between two adjacent discrete data in discrete data obtained by discretely sampling continuous time-domain output data s (t).
  • the values of q re and offset can also be notified by the network device to the terminal device through signaling.
  • the index of the start position and the end position of the frequency domain resource may be the start position and end position of the subcarrier corresponding to the allocated bandwidth, respectively.
  • N is 2048
  • the indexes corresponding to the 2048 subcarriers can be expressed as 0,1,2, ..., 2047.
  • the index of the indicated 48 subcarriers can be expressed as:
  • the time length of time domain data s is (N + N cp ) ⁇ T s ,
  • the data of the initial N cp ⁇ T s time length can be regarded as the cyclic prefix of the data s in the time domain.
  • the data with a length of N ⁇ T s remaining after removing the data of the initial N cp ⁇ T s time length can be regarded as time-domain transmission data when there is no cyclic prefix.
  • Send data in the time domain in the above discrete representation Contains N + N cp data, where the first N cp data can be regarded as a cyclic prefix.
  • the inverse Fourier transform can be discrete inverse Fourier transform (inverse discrete fourier transform, IDFT), or inverse fast Fourier transform (inverse fast fourier transform, IFFT), or other forms of Fourier transform Ye reverse transformation, this application does not limit.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic block diagram of another data transmission method.
  • the data transmission method shown in FIG. 9 is implemented by time-domain filtering.
  • each operation or step such as phase rotation, Fourier transform, inverse Fourier transform, time domain filtering, and CP addition in FIG. 9 will be described.
  • the second modulation data d 2 of length M 2 is obtained.
  • the second modulation data d 2 undergoes phase rotation to obtain rotation modulation data d shift of length M 2 .
  • the rotationally modulated data d shift of length M 2 undergoes M 2 point Fourier transform to obtain frequency domain data d fre of length M 2 .
  • phase rotation and Fourier transform For the operation of the phase rotation and Fourier transform, reference may be made to the above description of the phase rotation and Fourier transform in FIG. 8, which will not be repeated here.
  • the inverse Fourier transform is performed on the output data of the Fourier transform, that is, the frequency domain data d fre of length M 2 , and the time domain output data d time can be obtained.
  • d time (t) is the data at the t-th time in d time
  • t start ⁇ t ⁇ t end , t start , t and t end are real numbers
  • t offset is a delay offset, and t offset can be 0.
  • t end -t start N ⁇ T s
  • the time length of the time domain output data d time is N ⁇ T s , that is to say, there is no cyclic prefix.
  • N ⁇ T s of the time domain output data d time time domain filtering may be obtained when the length of time-domain filter data d time N ⁇ T s of, filter length of time.
  • the time domain filter data d time, filter can be obtained.
  • a possible implementation is to copy the data at the end of d time, filter N cp ⁇ T s time length to the start position of d time, filter as a cyclic prefix, and the time length can be obtained as (N + N cp ) ⁇ T s sends data in the time domain.
  • the transmission preprocessing may also include phase rotation and data extraction.
  • the sending preprocessing may also include filtering.
  • the filtering may be frequency domain filtering or time domain filtering.
  • the terminal device sequentially performs phase rotation and Fourier transform on the second modulated data to obtain frequency domain data with a length of M 2 . Then, after the terminal device performs data extraction on the frequency domain data, the extracted frequency domain data with a length of M 1 is obtained, where the extracted frequency domain data is a partial element in the frequency domain data. Finally, the terminal device performs inverse Fourier transform on the extracted frequency domain data to obtain data in the time domain, or the terminal device sequentially performs inverse Fourier transform on the extracted frequency domain data and adds CP to obtain time domain transmission data.
  • the extracted frequency domain data may be sequentially subjected to frequency domain filtering and inverse Fourier transform to obtain time domain transmission data.
  • the terminal device performs CP processing again to obtain the time domain transmission data.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device obtains the extracted frequency domain data, after performing inverse Fourier transform and time domain filtering on the extracted frequency domain data in sequence, the time domain transmission data may be obtained. Or, after time-domain filtering, the terminal device performs CP addition processing to obtain the time-domain transmission data.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic block diagram of a data transmission method.
  • the data transmission method shown in Fig. 10 is implemented by frequency domain filtering.
  • the operations or steps such as phase rotation, Fourier transform, frequency domain filtering, data extraction, inverse Fourier transform, and CP addition in FIG. 10 are described below.
  • the second modulation data d 2 of length M 2 is obtained.
  • the second modulation data d 2 undergoes phase rotation to obtain rotation modulation data d shift of length M 2 .
  • the rotationally modulated data d shift of length M 2 undergoes M 2 point Fourier transform to obtain frequency domain data d fre of length M 2 .
  • phase rotation and Fourier transform For the operation of the phase rotation and Fourier transform, reference may be made to the above description of the phase rotation and Fourier transform in FIG. 8, which will not be repeated here.
  • a length of M frequency-domain data d fre 2 performs frequency domain filtering can be obtained by the frequency domain filter of length M d filter 2 of the data.
  • S filter (h) is the h-th coefficient in the frequency domain filter S filter of length M 2 .
  • the filter coefficients are all 1, the frequency-domain data d fre and the frequency-domain filter data d filter are consistent, and there is no need to perform frequency-domain filtering or equivalent to not performing frequency-domain filtering operations.
  • the position I k ′ of the extracted frequency domain data d comb, filter of length M 1 in the frequency domain filter data d filter may be determined by K. It can be expressed as:
  • the position I k ' may be a (K ⁇ M 1/4) mod K + k' ⁇ K; when the phase factor for phase rotation , The position I k 'may K is (-K ⁇ M 1/4) mod + k' ⁇ K.
  • filter when the phase factor of the phase rotation is When extracting frequency domain data d comb, filter can be expressed as:
  • the number of subcarriers corresponding to the data distribution bandwidth is consistent with the number of data contained in the extracted frequency domain data d comb and filter . That is to say, the number of subcarriers corresponding to the data distribution bandwidth is the length M 1 of the first modulated data.
  • frequency-domain data can be extracted d comb, filter is converted to a time domain symbol of the transmission data.
  • the input data of the inverse Fourier transform in FIG. 8 is the frequency domain filter data d filter of length M 2
  • the input data of the inverse Fourier transform here is the extracted frequency domain data d comb of length M 1 , filter , corresponding Is the index of the filter data d filter mapped to the starting position of the frequency domain resource, Is the index of the end position of the filter data d filter mapped to the frequency domain resource, E.g,
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic block diagram of a data transmission method.
  • the data transmission method shown in FIG. 11 is implemented by time-domain filtering.
  • the operations or steps such as phase rotation, Fourier transform, data extraction, inverse Fourier transform, time-domain filtering, and CP addition in FIG. 11 will be described.
  • the second modulation data d 2 of length M 2 is obtained.
  • the second modulation data d 2 undergoes phase rotation to obtain rotation modulation data d shift of length M 2 .
  • the rotationally modulated data d shift of length M 2 undergoes M 2 point Fourier transform to obtain frequency domain data d fre of length M 2 .
  • phase rotation and Fourier transform For the operation of the phase rotation and Fourier transform, reference may be made to the above description of the phase rotation and Fourier transform in FIG. 8, which will not be repeated here.
  • the extracted data d comb is obtained .
  • the position I k ′ of the extracted data d comb of length M 1 in the frequency domain data d fre is determined by K. It can be expressed as:
  • d comb (k ′) is the k′th data in.
  • the position I k ' may be a (K ⁇ M 1/4) mod K + k' ⁇ K; when the phase factor for phase rotation , The position I k 'may K is (-K ⁇ M 1/4) mod + k' ⁇ K.
  • inverse Fourier transform is performed on the extracted data d comb of length M 1 to obtain time domain output data d time .
  • d time (t) is the data at the t-th time in d time
  • t start ⁇ t ⁇ t end , t start , t and t end are real numbers
  • t offset is a delay offset, and t offset can be 0.
  • t end -t start N ⁇ T s
  • the time length of the time domain output data d time is N ⁇ T s , that is to say, there is no cyclic prefix.
  • Time domain output data d time Referring to Figure 11, the length of time is N ⁇ T s of the time-domain filtering, the time length can be obtained N ⁇ T s temporal filtering data d time, filter.
  • the time domain filter data d time, filter can be obtained.
  • a possible implementation is to copy the data at the end of d time, filter N cp ⁇ T s time length to the start position of d time, filter as a cyclic prefix, and the time length is (N + N cp ) ⁇ T s send data in the time domain.
  • the time-domain transmission data can be obtained by processing the second modulation data in transmission pre-processing mode 1 or transmission pre-processing mode 2.
  • FIG. 12 shows a simulation diagram of PAPR of data transmitted in the time domain obtained by the data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the horizontal axis represents the PAPR of the data transmitted in the time domain
  • the vertical axis represents the complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF).
  • the time-domain transmission data obtained by obtaining a symbol from the second modulation data has undergone Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform operations. Therefore, the time-domain transmission data can be approximated by supersampling the second modulation data and superimposing, because Part of the modulated data in the second modulated data is related to each other.
  • the probability of random superimposition is reduced when the second modulated data is oversampled and superimposed, and the probability of superimposed superimposition is also reduced, which can reduce PAPR.
  • there is also a certain correlation between part of the data in the time domain transmission data of one symbol obtained from the second modulation data and the use of this correlation can further reduce PAPR.
  • the data transmission method provided by the present application can reduce the PAPR of data sent in the time domain to less than 2 dB.
  • the data transmission method provided by the present application can further reduce the PAPR of data sent in the time domain.
  • the data transmission method provided by the present application can be applied to the first modulation data of any length, and is not limited to the first modulation data of even length.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method 500. As shown, the method 500 shown in FIG. 13 may include S510 to S530. The steps of the method 500 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 13.
  • the terminal device of a first modulation data of length M 1 D 1 is a first order phase rotation and the Fourier transform to obtain frequency domain data of length M of d fre 1.
  • the terminal device cyclically extends the frequency domain data d fre to obtain extension data d extension of length M 2 , where M 1 ⁇ M 2 , and M 1 and M 2 are both positive integers.
  • the length of the first modulation data d 1 is M 1 , that is, the first modulation data d 1 contains M 1 modulation data.
  • rotation modulation data d shift can be obtained, where d shift (m 1 ) is the m 1 th data in the rotation modulation data.
  • the first phase rotation operation may be the m 1st data in the first modulation data multiplied by its corresponding phase factor Therefore, the rotation modulation data d shift can be expressed as:
  • phase factor of the first phase rotation The value of can be Where ⁇ can be ⁇ / 2 or - ⁇ / 2.
  • the phase factor of the first phase rotation may also be related to the symbol index, which is not limited in this application.
  • the symbol index where the first modulated data is represented as l then the phase factor of the first phase rotation
  • the value of can also be
  • the frequency-modulated data d fre of length M 1 is obtained by subjecting the rotation-modulated data d shift of length M 1 to M 1 point Fourier transform.
  • a possible implementation manner is:
  • Is a coefficient used to adjust the power of the output data obtained by Fourier transform
  • Is a real number for example d fre (q) is the q-th data in d fre .
  • the frequency domain data d fre of length M 1 is cyclically expanded to obtain the extension data d extension of length M 2 , which can be expressed as:
  • d extension (k ′) is the k′th data in d extension .
  • M 2 K ⁇ M 1.
  • the cyclic extension operation is equivalent to repeating the frequency domain data d fre of length M 1 K times to obtain the extension data d extension .
  • S530 The terminal device performs a second phase rotation on the extension data d extension to obtain frequency domain rotation data d fre, shift .
  • phase rotation operation may be a second k-d extension of extension data "data d extension (k ') is multiplied by a second phase of the rotational phase factor which is:
  • phase factor of the second phase rotation may be determined by K and M 2 .
  • phase factor of the second phase rotation is:
  • the terminal device performs transmission preprocessing on the frequency domain rotation data d fre, shift to obtain a symbol in the time domain transmission data.
  • the transmission preprocessing includes inverse Fourier transform.
  • the terminal device After the terminal device performs preprocessing on the frequency domain rotation data, it can obtain the SC-FDMA symbol.
  • the terminal device sends the time domain transmission data on the one symbol.
  • the data transmission method by performing the first phase rotation, Fourier transform and cyclic expansion operations on the first modulated data, extended data with a longer length can be obtained, because part of the modulated data in the extended data is
  • the correlation is not completely random, so there is also a certain correlation between part of the data in the time domain transmission data of a symbol obtained from the extended data, and the use of this correlation can further reduce PAPR.
  • the data transmission method shown in FIG. 13 can be equivalent to the one-time equivalent scheme of the modulation data processing operation in the method shown in FIG. 4 using the modulation data processing method. Therefore, it can be seen from the simulation diagram shown in FIG.
  • the data transmission method shown in 13 can reduce the PAPR of data sent in the time domain to less than 2dB. In other words, compared with the data transmission method shown in FIG. 3, the data transmission method provided by the present application can further reduce the PAPR of data sent in the time domain.
  • the data transmission method provided by the present application can be applied to the first modulation data of any length, and is not limited to the first modulation data of even length.
  • the foregoing transmission preprocessing may further include frequency domain filtering or time domain filtering.
  • the sending preprocessing may also include a CP addition operation.
  • the terminal device after obtaining frequency domain rotation data d fre, shift in S530, the terminal device performs frequency domain filtering on frequency domain rotation data d fre, shift to obtain frequency domain filter data of length M 2 d filter , and then the terminal device can obtain the time domain transmission data by performing inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain filter data d filter . Or, after the inverse Fourier transform, the terminal device performs CP addition operation again, and the time domain transmission data can be obtained.
  • the terminal device When the filtering is time domain filtering, the terminal device obtains the frequency domain rotation data d fre, shift in S530, and the time domain output data d time can be obtained by performing inverse Fourier transform on the frequency domain rotation data d fre, shift Then, the terminal device performs time domain filtering on the time domain output data d time to obtain the time domain transmission data. Or, after filtering in the time domain, the terminal device performs the CP addition operation again to obtain the time domain transmission data.
  • the inverse Fourier transform is performed on the frequency domain rotation data d fre, shift to obtain the time domain output data d time .
  • One possible implementation is:
  • d time (t) is the data at the t-th time in d time
  • t start ⁇ t ⁇ t end , t start , t and t end are real numbers
  • t offset is a delay offset, and t offset can be 0.
  • t end -t start N ⁇ T s
  • the time length of the time domain output data d time is N ⁇ T s , that is to say, there is no cyclic prefix.
  • the terminal device For how the terminal device performs time-domain filtering on the time-domain output data d time with a time length of N ⁇ T s , or performs time-domain filtering and CP operation on the domain output data d time , to obtain the time-domain transmission data, you can refer to The above description of the time-domain filtering and CP addition operations in FIG. 9 will not be repeated here.
  • Each scheme described above only uses the first modulation data corresponding to one symbol as an example, and introduces that the first modulation data is subjected to various processing to obtain time domain transmission data for transmission.
  • various processing similar to the first debug data may also be performed on the modulation data to obtain time domain transmission data with a lower PAPR.
  • the terminal device side can simultaneously transmit the modulation data corresponding to the data to be transmitted and the modulation data corresponding to the DMRS through the data transmission method shown in FIG. 4.
  • the network device side can obtain the demodulated first modulated data after performing the opposite operation to the terminal device side.
  • the operation on the terminal device side is IFFT
  • the opposite operation on the network device side is FFT.
  • the reception operation on the network device side will be briefly described.
  • the present application also provides a data transmission method, which can be applied to the receiving end.
  • a brief description will be given by taking the receiving end as a network device as an example.
  • Step one go to CP and Fourier transform
  • the network device performs CP removal and Fourier transform operation on the received time-domain transmission data to obtain received frequency-domain filtered data of length M 2
  • the received time-domain transmission data corresponds to the time-domain transmission data s, that is, after the time-domain transmission data s passes through the wireless link, it reaches the network device side for the received time-domain transmission data.
  • Step 2 Channel estimation and equalization
  • the network device uses DMRS to perform channel estimation to obtain the channel response of the symbol where the DMRS is located, and then can use the channel response of the symbol where the DMRS is located to interpolate or directly assign values, etc. Way to get the channel response of the symbol where the data is located.
  • the DMRS may be a DMRS transmitted using the scheme provided by this application, or a DMRS transmitted using the existing technology.
  • the DMRS is the DMRS described in this solution, the received frequency domain filter data and the channel response of the symbol where the data are located are used for equalization, and demodulated frequency domain filter data of length M 2 can be obtained.
  • the network device to the data length of the frequency domain filter M 2 is demodulated inverse Fourier transform can be obtained by demodulation of length M 2 of the rotating modulation data.
  • the network device After obtaining the demodulated rotationally modulated data of length M 2 , the network device uses the phase factor By performing phase rotation, demodulated second modulated data of length M 2 can be obtained.
  • the network device combines the demodulated second modulated data of length M 2 to obtain demodulated first modulated data of length M 1 .
  • the merging operation and the modulation data processing are the opposite operations. Those skilled in the art can easily understand how to merge the demodulated second modulation data of length M 2 according to the modulation data processing operation described above. Taking the first modulation data at the transmitting end as the first modulation data processing method to obtain the second modulation data as an example, the combining operation is to add K consecutive modulation data of the demodulated second modulation data of length M 2 and add and merge .
  • the combining operation is to add the 0,1,2,3 data in the demodulated second modulation data of length 12 to obtain the length
  • the 0th data in the demodulated first modulation data of 3; the 4,5,6,7 data in the demodulated second modulation data of length 12 are added to obtain a demodulation of length 3
  • the second data in.
  • the network device can obtain the bit data sent by the sending end by performing operations such as decoding the demodulated first modulated data.
  • the PAPR of the first modulated data is low, so the demodulation performance of the first modulated data by the network device is better.
  • the methods provided by the embodiments of the present application are introduced from the perspectives of a sending end (for example, a terminal device) and a receiving end (for example, a network device).
  • the sending end and the receiving end may include a hardware structure and / or a software module, and the above functions are implemented in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module . Whether one of the above functions is executed in a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application of the technical solution and design constraints.
  • the device 1500 may be a sending end, or a device in the sending end, or may be another device (such as a chip) that can realize the function of the sending end.
  • the sending end may be a terminal device or a network device.
  • the apparatus 1500 may include a processing module 1510 and a transceiver module 1520.
  • the apparatus 1500 may be used to implement the data transmission method shown in FIG. 4.
  • the processing module 1510 is configured to perform modulation data processing on the first modulation data of length M 1 to obtain second modulation data of length M 2 , where M 1 ⁇ M 2 , and both M 1 and M 2 Is a positive integer, any one of the modulation data in the second modulation data is an element in the first modulation data; and, the second modulation data is subjected to transmission preprocessing to obtain one symbol of time-domain transmission data,
  • the sending preprocessing includes Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform;
  • the transceiver module 1520 is configured to send the time domain sending data on the one symbol.
  • the apparatus 1500 may be used to implement the data transmission method shown in FIG. 13.
  • the processing module 1510 for a first modulation data of length M 1 of a first order phase rotation and the Fourier transform to obtain frequency domain data of length M 1; and the frequency-domain data is cyclically extended To obtain extended data of length M 2 , where M 1 ⁇ M 2 , and M 1 and M 2 are both positive integers; perform a second phase rotation on the extended data to obtain frequency domain rotation data;
  • the domain rotation data is subjected to transmission preprocessing to obtain a symbol of the time domain transmission data.
  • the transmission preprocessing includes inverse Fourier transform;
  • the transceiver module 1520 is configured to send the time domain sending data on the one symbol.
  • each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated In a processor, it can also exist alone physically, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.
  • the above integrated modules may be implemented in the form of hardware or software function modules.
  • the apparatus 1600 may be used to implement the functions of the sending end, such as the terminal device in the above method.
  • the device may be a sending end, or a device in the sending end, or may be another device that can realize the function of the sending end, such as a chip system.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the apparatus 1600 may include at least one processor 1620, configured to implement the functions of the sending end in the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, for example, may implement the functions performed by the terminal device in the method shown in FIG. Please refer to the detailed description in the method example, which will not be repeated here.
  • the device 1600 may further include at least one memory 1630 for storing program instructions and / or data.
  • the memory 1630 and the processor 1620 are coupled.
  • the coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information interaction between devices, units or modules.
  • the processor 1620 may cooperate with the memory 1630.
  • the processor 1620 may execute program instructions stored in the memory 1630. At least one of the at least one memory may be included in the processor
  • the device 1600 may further include a communication interface 1610 for communicating with other devices through a transmission medium, so that the device used in the device 1600 can communicate with other devices.
  • the apparatus when the apparatus is a terminal device, the other device may be a terminal device or a network device.
  • the processor 1620 uses the communication interface 1610 to send and receive data, and is used to implement the functions performed by the terminal device in the method shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 13.
  • the communication interface 1610 may be a transceiver, a circuit, a bus, a bus interface, or other devices that can implement a communication function, which is not limited in this application.
  • the specific connection medium between the communication interface 1610, the processor 1620, and the memory 1630 is not limited.
  • the memory 1630, the processor 1620, and the transceiver 1610 are connected by a bus 1640.
  • the bus is shown by a thick line in FIG. 16. , Not to limit.
  • the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, and a control bus. For ease of representation, only a thick line is used in FIG. 16, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the apparatus shown in FIG. 16 may also be used to implement the function of the network device in the method shown in FIG. 14 at the receiving end.
  • the device may be the receiving end or the device in the receiving end.
  • the device may be a chip system.
  • the chip system may be composed of a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete devices.
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip, which has a signal processing capability.
  • each step of the foregoing method embodiment may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the aforementioned processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components .
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented or executed.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied and executed by a hardware decoding processor, or may be executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module may be located in a mature storage medium in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, and registers.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the memory in the embodiment of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electronically Erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be a random access memory (random access memory, RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • synchronous RAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • double data SDRAM double data SDRAM
  • DDR SDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • ESDRAM synchronous connection dynamic random access memory
  • direct RAMbus RAM direct RAMbus RAM
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes: computer program code, when the computer program code runs on the computer, the computer is caused to perform the operations shown in FIGS. 4 to 14 The method of any one of the embodiments is shown.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable medium that stores program code, and when the program code is run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the operations shown in FIGS. 4 to 14. The method of any one of the embodiments is shown.
  • the present application further provides a system, which includes the foregoing one or more terminal devices and one or more network devices.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, network equipment, terminal settings, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website, computer, server or data center via wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device including a server, a data center, and the like integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a high-density digital video disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk, SSD)) etc.
  • a magnetic medium for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape
  • an optical medium for example, a high-density digital video disc (DVD)
  • DVD high-density digital video disc
  • SSD solid state disk
  • the network device in each of the above device embodiments completely corresponds to the network device or terminal device in the terminal device and method embodiments, and the corresponding steps are performed by corresponding modules or units, for example, the communication unit (transceiver) performs
  • the steps of sending, other than sending and receiving, can be executed by the processing unit (processor).
  • the processing unit processor
  • At least one refers to one or more, and “multiple” refers to two or more.
  • “And / or” describes the relationship of related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the related object is a "or” relationship.
  • “At least one of the following” or a similar expression refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items.
  • At least one (a) of a, b, or c may represent: a, or b, or c, or a and b, or a and c, or b and c, or a, b and c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.
  • a component may be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable file, an execution thread, a program, and / or a computer.
  • the application running on the computing device and the computing device can be components.
  • One or more components can reside in a process and / or thread of execution, and a component can be localized on one computer and / or distributed between 2 or more computers.
  • these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon.
  • the component may, for example, be based on a signal having one or more data packets (eg, data from two components that interact with another component between the local system, the distributed system, and / or the network, such as the Internet that interacts with other systems through signals) Communicate through local and / or remote processes.
  • data packets eg, data from two components that interact with another component between the local system, the distributed system, and / or the network, such as the Internet that interacts with other systems through signals
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the units is only a division of logical functions.
  • there may be other divisions for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application essentially or part of the contribution to the existing technology or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .

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Abstract

本申请提供一种数据传输方法和装置，能够降低时域发送数据的PAPR。该方法包括：发送端对长度为M 1的第一调制数据进行调制数据处理，得到长度为M 2的第二调制数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数，第二调制数据中的任一调制数据为第一调制数据中的元素；然后发送端对第二调制数据进行发送预处理，例如相位旋转、傅里叶变换、傅里叶反变换和时域/频域滤波，得到一个符号的时域发送数据；发送端在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。

Description

数据传输方法和装置
本申请要求于2018年11月19日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为201811378870.7、申请名称为“数据传输方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种数据传输方法和装置。
背景技术
在通信系统中，发送端向接收端发送数据时，发送端生成的时域数据可以经过功率放大器(power amplifier，PA)进行放大后发送至接收端。其中，低峰均功率比(peak to average power ratio，PAPR)的数据经过PA后的输出功率相比PAPR高的波形经过PA后的输出功率可能更大，接收机性能也更好。因此，为了保证放大效率和接收机的性能，可以要求经过PA放大前的时域数据具有低PAPR。其中，峰均功率比又称为峰均比。
发明内容
本申请提供一种数据传输方法和装置，能够降低时域发送数据的PAPR。
第一方面，提供了一种数据传输方法，该方法可以由发送端执行，也可以由配置于发送端中的芯片执行，本申请对此不做限定。该发送端例如可以是终端设备或者网络设备。
具体地，该方法包括：对长度为M 1的第一调制数据进行调制数据处理，得到长度为M 2的第二调制数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数，所述第二调制数据中的任一调制数据为所述第一调制数据中的元素；对所述第二调制数据进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶变换和傅里叶反变换；在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
可选地，第一调制数据可以是经过二进制相移键控(binary phase shift keying，BPSK)调制后得到的数据，或者说第一调制数据为BPSK调制数据，但本申请实施例对此不作限定，比如，第一调制数据还可以是经过正交相移键控(quadrature phase shift keying，QPSK)调制后得到的数据。
应理解，该发送预处理包括傅里叶变换和傅里叶反变换是指，傅里叶变换和傅里叶反变换共存。这样终端设备对第二调制数据进行发送预处理后，可以得到单载波频分多址(single carrier frequency division multiple access，SC-FDMA)符号。也就是说，所述时域发送数据可以为SC-FDMA符号。
可选地，本申请中，傅里叶变换可以是离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transform，DFT)或者快速傅里叶变换(fast fourier transform，FFT)，还可以是其它傅里叶变换形式，本申请不做限制。
可选地，本申请中，傅里叶反变换可以是离散傅里叶反变换(inverse discrete fourier  transform，IDFT)，或者快速傅里叶反变换(inverse fast fourier transform，IFFT)，也可以是其他形式的傅里叶反变换，本申请对此不做限制。
根据本申请提供的数据传输方法，将第一调制数据变为长度更长的第二调制数据后，第二调制数据中的部分调制数据之间是相关的，不是完全随机的。并且，由第二调制数据得到一个符号的时域发送数据经过了傅里叶变换与傅里叶反变换操作，因此时域发送数据可以近似为将第二调制数据进行过采样后叠加得到，由于第二调制数据中的部分调制数据之间是相关的，第二调制数据过采样叠加时随机叠加的概率降低，正向叠加的概率也降低，从而能够降低PAPR。简单来说就是根据第二调制数据得到的一个符号的时域发送数据中的部分数据之间也存在一定的相关性，利用该相关性可以进一步降低PAPR。
并且，通过仿真发现，本申请提供的数据传输方法能够将时域发送数据的PAPR降低至2dB以下。此外，本申请提供的数据传输方法，可以应用于任意长度的第一调制数据，而不局限于偶数长度的第一调制数据。
在第一方面的某些实现方式中，M 2＝K·M 1，K为大于1的整数。
通过使M 1和M 2满足上述关系，能够简化发送端的调制数据处理的实现复杂度。
在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一调制数据与所述第二调制数据满足下述关系：
d 2(m 2)＝d 1(m 1),m 1＝0,1,2,...,M 1-1,m 2＝K·m 1+k,m 2＝0,1,2,...,M 2-1,k＝0,1,2...,K-1，
其中，d 1为所述第一调制数据，d 1(m 1)为所述第一调制数据中的第m 1个元素，d 2为所述第二调制数据，d 2(m 2)为所述第二调制数据中的第m 2个元素。
通过使第一调制数据与第二调制数据满足上述关系，从而使得第二调制数据中的部分调制数据之间是相关的，而不是完全随机的，从而能够降低PAPR。
进一步地，所述发送预处理还包括相位旋转或者还包括相位旋转和滤波，所述滤波为频域滤波或者时域滤波。更进一步地，发送预处理还可以包括加循环前缀(cyclic prefix,CP)操作。
其中，对第二调制数据d 2依次进行相位旋转、傅里叶变换、傅里叶反变换，可以得到所述时域发送数据。或者，对第二调制数据d 2依次进行相位旋转、傅里叶变换、傅里叶反变换、加CP，可以得到所述时域发送数据。
或者，对第二调制数据d 2依次进行相位旋转、傅里叶变换、傅里叶反变换、时域滤波，可以得到所述时域发送数据。或者，对第二调制数据d 2依次进行相位旋转、傅里叶变换、傅里叶反变换、时域滤波、加CP，可以得到所述时域发送数据。
或者，对第二调制数据d 2依次进行相位旋转、傅里叶变换、频域滤波、傅里叶反变换，可以得到所述时域发送数据。或者，对第二调制数据d 2依次进行相位旋转、傅里叶变换、频域滤波、傅里叶反变换、加CP，可以得到所述时域发送数据。
本实施例中，相位旋转的相位因子
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000001
可以为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000002
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000003
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000004
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000005
进一步地，相位因子还可以与符号索引有关，但本申请对此不做限制。例如，第二调制数据所在的符号索引表示为l，则相位因子
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000006
的值还可以为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000007
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000008
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000009
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000010
本申请实施例的方法，第一调制数据可以是BPSK调制数据，从而第二调制数据可以 是BPSK调制数据，通过对第二调制数据进行相位旋转，可以得到Pi/2-BPSK调制数据，从而能够进一步降低最后得到的时域发送数据的PAPR。
在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一调制数据与所述第二调制数据满足下述关系：
d 2(m 2)＝d 1(m 1),m 1＝0,1,2,...,M 1-1,m 1＝m 2mod M 1,m 2＝0,1,2,...,M 2-1，
其中，mod表示取模运算，d 1为所述第一调制数据，d 1(m 1)为所述第一调制数据中的第m 1个元素，d 2为所述第二调制数据，d 2(m 2)为所述第二调制数据中的第m 2个元素。
通过使第一调制数据与第二调制数据满足上述关系，从而使得第二调制数据中的部分调制数据之间是相关的，而不是完全随机的，从而能够降低PAPR。
进一步地，所述发送预处理还包括相位旋转和数据提取，或者还包括相位旋转、滤波和数据提取，所述滤波为频域滤波或者时域滤波。更进一步地，发送预处理还可以包括加循环前缀(cyclic prefix,CP)操作。
其中，对第二调制数据依次进行相位旋转、傅里叶变换，得到长度为M 2的频域数据。然后对频域数据进行数据提取，得到长度为M 1的提取频域数据，其中，提取频域数据为频域数据中的部分元素。对提取频域数据进行傅里叶反变换，可以得到时域发送数据，或者，依次对提取频域数据进行傅里叶反变换、加CP，可以得到时域发送数据。
或者，在得到提取频域数据后，可以对提取频域数据依次进行频域滤波、傅里叶反变换，可以得到时域发送数据。或者，在傅里叶反变换后再进行加CP处理，从而得到所述时域发送数据。
或者，在得到提取频域数据后，对提取频域数据依次进行傅里叶反变换、时域滤波，可以得到时域发送数据。或者，在时域滤波后终端设备再进行加CP处理，从而得到所述时域发送数据。
应理解，上述中，数据提取和频域滤波操作的位置可以互换。
本实施例中，相位旋转的相位因子
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000011
可以为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000012
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000013
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000014
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000015
进一步地，相位因子还可以与符号索引有关，但本申请对此不做限制。例如，第二调制数据所在的符号索引表示为l，则相位因子
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000016
的值还可以为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000017
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000018
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000019
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000020
本申请实施例的方法，第一调制数据可以是BPSK调制数据，从而第二调制数据可以是BPSK调制数据，通过对第二调制数据进行相位旋转，可以得到Pi/2-BPSK调制数据，从而能够进一步降低最后得到的时域发送数据的PAPR。
在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述提取频域数据中的每个元素在所述频域数据中的位置I k′是根据K的值确定的。
示例性的，当相位旋转的相位因子为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000021
时，位置I k′可以为(K×M 1/4)mod K+k′×K；当相位旋转的相位因子为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000022
时，位置I k′可以为(-K×M 1/4)mod K+k′×K。
比如，假设第一调制数据的长度M 1为3，K的取值为4，相位旋转的相位因子为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000023
则提取频域数据在频域滤波数据中的位置I k′为I k′＝[3,7,11]。
在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一调制数据是根据参考信号确定的。例如，第一调制数据可以是对解调参考信号(demodulation reference signal，DMRS)进行调制后得 到的。
第二方面，提供了一种发送数据的方法，该方法可以由发送端执行，也可以由配置于发送端中的芯片执行，本申请对此不做限定。该发送端例如可以是终端设备或者网络设备。
具体地，该方法包括：对长度为M 1的第一调制数据依次进行第一相位旋转和傅里叶变换，得到长度为M 1的频域数据；对所述频域数据进行循环扩展，得到长度为M 2的扩展数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数；对所述扩展数据进行第二相位旋转，得到频域旋转数据；对所述频域旋转数据进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶反变换；在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
可选地，第一调制数据可以是经过二进制相移键控(binary phase shift keying，BPSK)调制后得到的数据，或者说第一调制数据为BPSK调制数据，但本申请实施例对此不作限定，比如，第一调制数据还可以是经过正交相移键控(quadrature phase shift keying，QPSK)调制后得到的数据。
可选地，所述时域发送数据可以为SC-FDMA符号。
可选地，本申请中，傅里叶变换可以是离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transform，DFT)或者快速傅里叶变换(fast fourier transform，FFT)，还可以是其它傅里叶变换形式，本申请不做限制。
可选地，本申请中，傅里叶反变换可以是离散傅里叶反变换(inverse discrete fourier transform，IDFT)，或者快速傅里叶反变换(inverse fast fourier transform，IFFT)，也可以是其他形式的傅里叶反变换，本申请对此不做限制。
根据本申请提供的数据传输方法，通过对第一调制数据进行第一相位旋转、傅里叶变换和循环扩展操作，可以得到长度更长的扩展数据，由于扩展数据中的部分调制数据之间是相关的，不是完全随机的，因此根据扩展数据得到的一个符号的时域发送数据中的部分数据之间也存在一定的相关性，利用该相关性可以进一步降低PAPR。并且通过仿真可知，本申请提供的数据传输方法能够将时域发送数据的PAPR降低至2dB以下。
此外，本申请提供的数据传输方法，可以应用于任意长度的第一调制数据，而不局限于偶数长度的第一调制数据。
在第二方面的某些实现方式中，M 2＝K·M 1，K为大于1的整数。
通过使M 1和M 2满足上述关系，能够简化发送端的循环扩展的实现复杂度。
在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一相位旋转的相位因子是根据K的值确定的；和/或
所述第二相位旋转的相位因子是根据M 2的值和K的值确定的。
在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一调制数据与对所述第一调制数据进行所述第一相位旋转后得到的旋转调制数据满足下述关系：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000024
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000025
为所述第一相位旋转的相位因子，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000026
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000027
α为π/2或者-π/2，l为所述第一调制数据所在的符号索引，
d 1为所述第一调制数据，d 1(m 1)为所述第一调制数据中的第m 1个元素，d shift为所述旋转调制数据，d shift(m 1)为所述旋转调制数据中的第m 1个元素。
在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述扩展数据与所述频域旋转数据满足下述关系：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000028
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000029
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000030
为所述第二相位旋转的相位因子，d extension为所述扩展数据，d extension(k′)为所述扩展数据中的第k′个元素，d fre,shift为所述频域旋转调制数据，d fre,shift(k′)为所述频域旋转调制数据中的第k′个元素。
在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述发送预处理还包括频域滤波或者时域滤波。进一步地，还可以包括加CP操作。
在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一调制数据是根据参考信号确定的。例如，第一调制数据可以是对解调参考信号(demodulation reference signal，DMRS)进行调制后得到的。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种装置，该装置可以是发送端，也可以是发送端中的装置，还可以是能够实现第一方面或第二方面任一种设计示例中的发送端所执行的相应功能的其它装置，其中，发送端可以是终端设备也可以是网络设备。该装置可以包括处理模块和收发模块。
在一个示例中，处理模块和收发模块可以执行上述第一方面任一种设计示例中的发送端所执行的相应功能，具体的：
处理模块，用于对长度为M 1的第一调制数据进行调制数据处理，得到长度为M 2的第二调制数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数，所述第二调制数据中的任一调制数据为所述第一调制数据中的元素；
处理模块还用于，对所述第二调制数据进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶变换和傅里叶反变换；
收发模块，用于在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
在一种可能的设计中，M 1和M 2的关系可以参见第一方面中针对M 1和M 2的具体描述，此处不再具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第一调制数据与第二调制数据之间的关系可以参见第一方面中针对第一调制数据与第二调制数据具体描述，此处不再具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，发送预处理所包括的具体内容可以参见第一方面中针对发送预处理的具体描述，此处不再具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第一调制数据是根据参考信号确定的。
在另一示例中，处理模块和收发模块可以执行上述第二方面任一种设计示例中的发送端所执行的相应功能，具体的：
处理模块，用于对长度为M 1的第一调制数据依次进行第一相位旋转和傅里叶变换，得到长度为M 1的频域数据；对所述频域数据进行循环扩展，得到长度为M 2的扩展数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数；对所述扩展数据进行第二相位旋转，得到频域旋转数据；对所述频域旋转数据进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶反变换；
收发模块，用于在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
在一种可能的设计中，M 1和M 2的关系可以参见第二方面中针对M 1和M 2的具体描 述，此处不再具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第一相位旋转的相位因子的具体形式可以参见第二方面中针对第一相位旋转的相位因子的具体描述，此处不再具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第二相位旋转的相位因子的具体形式可以参见第二方面中针对第一相位旋转的相位因子的具体描述，此处不再具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，发送预处理所包括的具体内容可以参见第二方面中针对发送预处理的具体描述，此处不再具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第一调制数据是根据参考信号确定的。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种装置，所述装置包括处理器，用于实现上述第一方面描述的方法中发送端的功能。所述装置还可以包括存储器，用于存储程序指令和数据。所述存储器与所述处理器耦合，所述处理器可以调用并执行所述存储器中存储的程序指令，用于实现上述第一方面或第二方面描述的方法中发送端的功能。所述发送端还可以包括通信接口，所述通信接口用于该装置与其它设备进行通信。示例性地，在该装置为终端设备时，该其它设备为终端设备或网络设备。在该装置为网络设备时，该其它设备为终端设备或网络设备。示例性地，所述通信接口可以是收发器、电路、总线、或总线接口等，本申请不做限制。
在一个示例中，该装置包括：
通信接口；
存储器，用于存储程序指令；
处理器，用于对长度为M 1的第一调制数据进行调制数据处理，得到长度为M 2的第二调制数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数，所述第二调制数据中的任一调制数据为所述第一调制数据中的元素；对所述第二调制数据进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶变换和傅里叶反变换；处理器还用于利用所述通信接口在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
在一种可能的设计中，M 1和M 2的关系可以参见第一方面中针对M 1和M 2的具体描述，此处不再具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第一调制数据与第二调制数据之间的关系可以参见第一方面中针对第一调制数据与第二调制数据具体描述，此处不再具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，发送预处理所包括的具体内容可以参见第一方面中针对发送预处理的具体描述，此处不再具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第一调制数据是根据参考信号确定的。
在另一个示例中，该装置包括：
通信接口；
存储器，用于存储程序指令；
处理器，用于对长度为M 1的第一调制数据依次进行第一相位旋转和傅里叶变换，得到长度为M 1的频域数据；对所述频域数据进行循环扩展，得到长度为M 2的扩展数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数；对所述扩展数据进行第二相位旋转，得到频域旋转数据；对所述频域旋转数据进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶反变换；处理器还用于利用所述通信接口在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
在一种可能的设计中，M 1和M 2的关系可以参见第二方面中针对M 1和M 2的具体描述，此处不再具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第一相位旋转的相位因子的具体形式可以参见第二方面中针对第一相位旋转的相位因子的具体描述，此处不再具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第二相位旋转的相位因子的具体形式可以参见第二方面中针对第一相位旋转的相位因子的具体描述，此处不再具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，发送预处理所包括的具体内容可以参见第二方面中针对发送预处理的具体描述，此处不再具体限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第一调制数据是根据参考信号确定的。
第五方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面或第一方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第二方面或第二方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法所述的方法。
第七方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当所述计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第二方面以及第一方面至第二方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，用于实现上述方法中发送端的功能。该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
附图说明
图1是适用于本申请实施例的通信系统的示意图；
图2是PA的放大功能示意图。
图3是对长度为M的Pi/2-BPSK调制数据进行一种发送处理的示意性框图。
图4是本申请提供的一种数据传输方法的示意性流程图。
图5是调制数据处理采用调制数据处理方式一实现的示意图。
图6是调制数据处理采用调制数据处理方式二实现的示意图。
图7是调制数据处理采用调制数据处理方式三实现的示意图。
图8是本申请提供的一例数据传输方法的示意性框图。
图9是本申请提供的一例数据传输方法的示意性框图。
图10是本申请提供的一例数据传输方法的示意性框图。
图11是本申请提供的一例数据传输方法的示意性框图。
图12是根据本申请的数据传输方法得到的时域发送数据的PAPR的仿真图。
图13是本申请提供的另一种数据传输方法的示意性流程图。
图14是本申请提供的另一种数据传输方法的示意性流程图。
图15是本申请实施例提供的装置的示意性框图。
图16是本申请实施例提供的另一装置的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE演进(LTE-Advanced)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)系统、窄带物联网(narrow band internet of things,NB-IoT)、增强的机器类通信(enhanced machine type communication，eMTC)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、未来的第五代(5th generation，5G)系统或新无线(new radio，NR)等。
为便于理解本申请实施例，首先结合图1详细说明适用于本申请实施例的通信系统。
图1示出了适用于本申请实施例的通信系统100的示意图。如图所示，该通信系统100可以包括至少一个网络设备，例如图1所示的网络设备110；该通信系统100还可以包括至少一个终端设备，例如图1所示的终端设备120。可选地，通信系统100还可以包括网络设备130和/或终端设备140。其中，网络设备与终端设备可通过无线链路通信。终端设备和终端设备可以直接通信或者通过网络设备间接进行通信。
本申请提供的技术方案可以应用于网络设备和终端设备间的无线通信，例如网络设备110和终端设备120间的通信；网络设备和网络设备间的无线通信，例如网络设备110和130间的通信；终端设备和终端设备间的无线通信，例如终端设备120和140间的通信。在本申请实施例中，术语“无线通信”还可以简称为“通信”，术语“通信”还可以描述为“数据传输”、“信号传输”、“信息传输”或“传输”等。在本申请实施例中，传输可以包括发送或接收。示例性地，传输可以是上行传输，例如可以是终端设备向网络设备发送信号；传输也可以是下行传输，例如可以是网络设备向终端设备发送信号。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案在通信系统中应用时，可以应用于各种接入技术。例如，可以应用于正交多址接入(orthogonal multiple access，OMA)技术或非正交多址接入(non-orthogonal multiple access，NOMA)技术。应用于正交多址接入技术时，可以应用于正交频分多址(orthogonal frequency division multiple access，OFDMA)或单载波频分多址(single carrier frequency division multiple access，SC-FDMA)等技术，本申请实施例不做限制。应用于非正交多址接入技术时，可以应用于稀疏码多址接入(sparse code multiple access，SCMA)、多用户共享接入(multi-user shared access，MUSA)、图样分割多址接入(pattern division multiple access，PDMA)、交织格栅多址接入(interleave-grid multiple access，IGMA)、资源扩展多址接入(resource spreading multiple access，RSMA)、非正交编码多址接入(non-orthogonal coded multiple access,NCMA)或非正交编码接入(non-orthogonal coded access，NOCA)等技术，本申请实施例不做限制。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案在通信系统中应用时，可以应用于各种调度类型。例如，可以应用于基于授权的调度或者基于免授权的调度。应用于基于授权的调度时，网络设备可以通过动态信令为终端设备发送调度信息，该调度信息中携带传输参数，网络设备和终端设备基于该传输参数进行数据传输。应用于免授权的调度时，可以预配置调度信息，或者网络设备可以半静态信令为终端设备发送调度信息，该调度信息中携带传输参数，网络设备和终端设备基于该传输参数进行数据传输。其中，免授权的调度还可以称为非动态调度(without dynamic scheduling)、非动态授权(without dynamic grant)或其它名称，本 申请实施例不做限制。
本申请涉及的网络设备(例如，图1所示的网络设备110或130)可以包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(Radio Network Controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(Base Station Controller，BSC)、基站收发台(Base Transceiver Station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，Home evolved NodeB，或Home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(BaseBand Unit，BBU)，无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WIFI)系统中的接入点(Access Point，AP)、无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission point，TP)或者发送接收点(transmission and reception point，TRP)等，还可以为5G，如，NR，系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)等。
在一些部署中，gNB可以包括集中式单元(centralized unit，CU)和DU。gNB还可以包括射频单元(radio unit，RU)。CU实现gNB的部分功能，DU实现gNB的部分功能，比如，CU实现无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)，分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层的功能，DU实现无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层、媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层和物理(physical，PHY)层的功能。由于RRC层的信息最终会变成PHY层的信息，或者，由PHY层的信息转变而来，因而，在这种架构下，高层信令，如RRC层信令，也可以认为是由DU发送的，或者，由DU+CU发送的。可以理解的是，网络设备可以为CU节点、或DU节点、或包括CU节点和DU节点的设备。此外，CU可以划分为接入网(radio access network，RAN)中的网络设备，也可以将CU划分为核心网(core network，CN)中的网络设备，本申请对此不做限定。
本申请实施例中，用于实现网络设备的功能的装置可以是网络设备，也可以是能够支持网络设备实现该功能的装置，例如芯片系统。本申请实施例中，以用于实现网络设备的功能的装置是网络设备为例，描述本申请提供的技术方案。
本申请涉及的终端设备也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。本申请的实施例中的终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等等。本申请的实施例对应用场景不做限定。
本申请实施例中，用于实现终端设备的功能的装置可以是终端设备，也可以是能够支持终端设备实现该功能的装置，例如芯片系统。本申请实施例中，以用于实现终端设备的功能的装置是终端设备为例，描述本申请提供的技术方案。
本申请中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
为便于理解本申请实施例，下面首先对本申请中涉及的几个术语做简单介绍。
1、符号
一个符号一般而言由循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)和一段时间的时域数据组成。例如，一个符号可以表示为s(t)，持续的时间长度为(N cp+N)·T s。假设0≤t<(N cp+N)·T s，则s(t)中时间范围为0≤t<N cp·T s的时域数据可以认为是CP，s(t)中时间范围为N cp·T s≤t<(N cp+N)·T s的时域数据是一段时间为N·T s的时域数据。T s为时间单位因子，例如T s可以是将连续时域输出数据s(t)进行离散采样得到的离散数据中相邻两个离散数据之间的时间间隔，N cp是将CP进行离散采样得到的采样数据的个数，N是将该一段时间为N·T s的时域数据进行离散采样得到的采样数据的个数。
示例性的，LTE系统中N＝2048时，N cp为160或者144，T s为1/(15000×2048)秒，则一个符号由循环前缀和持续时间约66.7微秒的时域数据组成。
2、资源单元(resource element，RE)
资源单元为最小物理资源，一般而言也是承载数据的最小资源。一个资源单元在频域上对应一个子载波(subcarrier)，在时域上对应一个符号(也就是位于一个符号内)。也就是说，可以通过符号的索引和子载波的索引确定资源单元的位置。一个RE一般可承载一个复数数据，例如对于OFDM波形，一个RE承载的是一个调制数据；对于SC-FDMA波形，一个RE承载的是调制数据经过傅里叶变换得到的输出数据中的一个数据。
3、资源块(resource block，RB)
一个资源块是由若干个资源单元组成的集合。一个资源块一般在时域上包含若干个连续的符号，在频域上包含若干个连续的子载波。例如对于LTE系统，一个资源块在时域上包含7个或者6个连续的符号，在频域上包含12个连续的子载波。也就是说，LTE系统中一个资源块包含84个或者72个资源单元。
在通信系统中，发送端向接收端发送数据时，例如通信系统100中的终端设备120向网络设备110发送数据时，终端设备120生成的时域数据可以经过PA进行放大后发送至网络设备110。其中，低PAPR的数据经过PA后的输出功率相比PAPR高的波形经过PA后的输出功率更大，接收机性能也更好。例如，对于高频(high frequency，HF)场景与物联网(Internet of Things，IoT)场景，这些场景使用的PA的线性度比较差，因此需要低PAPR的波形。
示例性的，图2示出了PA的放大功能示意图。对于PA，称放大前的信号为PA的输入信号，放大后的信号为PA的输出信号，如图2所示，PA对输入信号的放大功能包括线性区域和非线性区域。在线性区域，PA的放大增益为常数，即输入信号和输出信号的功率比为常数，输入信号和输出信号的相位相同。在非线性区域，PA的放大功能会失真，即PA的放大增益随着输入信号功率的增加而减小，甚至出现PA无放大效果；并且，输入信号和输出信号的相位也可能不同，即PA在非线性区域可能改变需要发送的信号的性质，会影响到该信号在接收端的解调性能。因此，当PA工作在非线性区域时放大效率会降低。
发送数据波形经过非线性的PA后，由于数据不同样点的幅度不同，不同幅度的数据样点会受到不同程度的扭曲，也就是不同幅度的数据样点幅度与相位变化不是线性的变化。幅度非常大的数据样点对应的输入信号功率位于PA的非线性区域，使得输入数据是非线性的放大，使得波形产生扭曲。波形扭曲会使得带外泄露(out of band，OOB)提升， 带外性能变差，同时引入了干扰，即使得误差向量幅度(error vector magnitude，EVM)提升。波形扭曲程度与PAPR呈正比，也就是说发送数据的PAPR越高，经过非线性PA收到的扭曲越严重。对于一个传输系统，带外泄露与EVM均有相应的需求，此时为了保证OOB与EVM性能满足系统的需求，需要对PA输出功率进行一定的回退(backoff),也就是降低输入数据功率，即相应降低经过PA后的数据输出功率，使PA工作在更加线性的区域，减小波形的扭曲。而降低数据输出功率相比不降低数据输出功率，数据的解调性能有损失，从而系统的数据传输速率有所降低。
因此对于PA线性度比较差的场景，低PAPR的波形可以提高PA的输出功率，从而能够提高解调性能。
在一种实现方式中，发送端可以采用Pi/2-BPSK调制得到的调制数据作为待发送调制数据，由待发送调制数据得到单载波频分多址(single carrier frequency domain multiple access，SC-FDMA)波形，同时引入滤波操作，这样可以将PAPR降低至2dB左右。
具体地，参见图3，长度为M的Pi/2-BPSK调制数据经过M点傅里叶变换后得到M个频域数据，M个频域数据点乘M个滤波器系数进行频域滤波，其中，每个频域数据点乘各自的滤波器系数。然后进行傅里叶反变换，并添加循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)得到一个符号的时域发送数据，最后在该符号上发送所得到的时域发送数据。其中，滤波也可以是时域滤波。
然而，在高频或者物联网等其他场景中，2dB的PAPR可能不能满足需求，即这些场景可能需要更低的PAPR。因此，需要进一步降低数据的PAPR。
基于此，本申请提供了另一种数据传输方法，能够将调制数据的PAPR降低至2dB以下，从而能够进一步提高PA的输出功率，进而能够进一步提高解调性能。
下面将结合附图详细说明本申请实施例。
应理解，在下文示出的实施例中，第一、第二以及各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围。例如，区分不同的相位旋转操作、不同的指示信息等。
还应理解，在下文示出的实施例中，“预先定义”、“预定义”、“预配置”或者“预先配置”可以通过在设备(例如，包括终端设备和网络设备)中预先保存相应的代码、表格或其他可用于指示相关信息的方式来实现，本申请对于其具体的实现方式不做限定。
还应理解，本申请实施例中的“协议”可以是指通信领域的标准协议，例如可以包括LTE协议、NR协议以及应用于未来的通信系统中的相关协议，本申请对此不做限定。
本申请提供的数据传输方法可以应用于下行通信中，也可以应用于上行通信中。以下，以上行通信为例，即以发送端为终端设备为例，首先结合图4详细描述本申请提供的一种数据传输方法。
图4是一种数据传输方法400的示意性流程图。如图所示，图4所示的方法400可以包括S410至S430。下面结合图4详细说明方法400中的各个步骤。
S410，终端设备对长度为M 1的第一调制数据d 1进行调制数据处理，得到长度为M 2的第二调制数据d 2。其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数。
其中，第一调制数据d 1的长度为M 1，也就是说第一调制数据d 1中包含M 1个调制数据。其中，d 1(m 1)为第一调制数据d 1中的第m 1(m 1＝0,1,2,...,M 1-1)个元素，即第m 1个调制 数据。
第一调制数据可以是经过BPSK调制后得到的数据，或者说第一调制数据为BPSK调制数据，但本申请实施例对此不作限定，比如，第一调制数据还可以是经过QPSK调制后得到的数据。下文中主要以第一调制数据为BPSK调制数据为例，对本申请进行详细说明。
BPSK调制数据特征为相邻两个调制数据点之间的幅度相同，相位相差0或者π，因此，对于一个符号对应的长度为M 1的BPSK调制数据，若该符号第0个调制数据为1，则该符号第1个调制数据可以为1或者-1，该符号第2个调制数据可以为1或者-1，即该符号中相邻两个调制数据相位相差0或者π，满足BPSK调制。
其中，以第一调制数据为BPSK调制数据为例，第一调制数据可以是通过对包含一个或多个比特的比特流采用BPSK调制方式进行调制处理后得到的一个或多个调制数据。得到的该一个或多个调制数据可以映射到一个符号上，其中，这一个符号为终端设备进行数据传输的一个或多个符号中的任一符号。映射到某一个符号上的调制数据可以称为该符号上传输的调制数据。其中，上述比特流可以采用各种处理方式得到，如：可以将原始比特流经过编码、交织、加扰等处理得到该比特流。原始比特流可以根据终端设备待发送的业务得到，本申请实施例对此不予限制。
示例性的，以正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)波形为例，假设终端设备在10个符号上发送数据，每个符号分配的带宽为1RB也就是12个子载波，该10个符号和1RB对应于120个RE，终端设备可以在每个RE上映射一个调制数据，并在该RE上将调制数据发送至网络设备。比如，终端设备的比特流中包含120个比特数据，终端设备将这120个比特数据进行BPSK调制得到120个BPSK调制数据。该120个BPSK调制数据可以分为10组，每组包含12个BPSK调制数据，这10组BPSK调制数据与10个符号一一对应(如第0组BPSK调制数据对应第0个符号的，第1组BPSK调制数据对应第1个符号，依次类推)，也就是说，在每个符号上可以发送一组BPSK调制数据，或者任意一组BPSK调制数据可以认为是第一调制数据。示例性的，比特流进行BPSK调制的输入比特与其对应的输出调制数据之间的对应关系可以如表1(a)或表1(b)所示。
表1(a)
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000031
表1(b)
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000032
例如，假设一个符号对应的比特流为[0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,1]，则根据表1(a)得到输出的BPSK调制数据为[1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,1,1,-1,1,-1]。
完整的数据传输过程中一般而言除了发送数据也要发送参考信号(reference signal， RS)，参考信号还可以被称为导频(pilot)信号。与数据一起发送的参考信号是终端设备与网络设备均已知的信号，主要用于辅助接收设备进行数据的解调，因此也可以称为解调参考信号(Demodulation Reference Signal，DMRS)。参考信号与数据可以位于不同的符号，频域占用相同的带宽。终端设备发送数据与参考信号，网络设备接收到相应的数据与参考信号后，利用已知的参考信号进行信道估计(channel estimation)与插值(interpolation)等操作估计出数据所在的符号的信道响应(channel response)，然后利用接收的数据与其估计的信道响应进行均衡(equalization)、解调等操作解调出发送的数据。
如上文所述，本申请中的第一调制数据可以由比特流经过BPSK调制得到。进一步地，当比特流为待发送比特数据时，本申请终端设备发送的是未知的需要网络设备进行解调的数据。当比特流为已知数据时，即网络设备知道发送的比特流时，此时本申请生成的一个符号的时域发送数据可以作为参考信号辅助网络设备进行解调，也就是说，本申请中的时域发送数据可以是参考信号，例如DMRS,CSI-RS等。
本申请生成的一个符号的时域发送数据作为参考信号时，该符号发送的BPSK调制数据对应的比特流可以由伪随机序列(如Gold序列，或者pseudo-noise序列(PN序列))得到。其中该伪随机序列的初始化的值可以通过预配置的或者根据预定义的规则得到，也可以是终端设备根据其标识确定的，还可以是由网络设备通过信令通知终端设备。这样得到的参考信号所在符号的时域发送数据的PAPR和待发送调制数据所在符号的时域发送数据的PAPR是一致的。
另外，本申请中，第一调制数据也可以为终端设备与网络设备均已知的调制数据，该已知的调制数据为网络设备预配置的，该已知的调制数据可以是BPSK调制数据、QPSK调制数据、8PSK调制数据等调制数据。
第二调制数据d 2的长度为M 2，也就是说第二调制数据d 2中包含M 2个调制数据。其中，d 2(m 2)为第二调制数据d 2中的第m 2(m 2＝0,1,2,...,M 2-1)个元素，即第m 2个调制数据。
其中，第二调制数据d 2中的任一调制数据为第一调制数据d 1中的元素，即第二调制数据d 2中的任一调制数据属于第一调制数据d 1。应理解，第一调制数据d 1中的元素为第一调制数据d 1中的调制数据。
可选地，作为一个实施例，M 1和M 2满足：M 2＝M 1·K。其中，K为大于1的整数。K可以为预配置的固定值，如预配置K＝2，K也可以由网络设备通过信令通知终端设备。
在M 2＝M 1·K时，S410中的调制数据处理具体可以是下述调制数据处理方式一至调制数据处理方式三中的任一种。下面对这三种方式进行详细说明。
调制数据处理方式一
对第一调制数据d 1中的任一调制数据重复K次，不同调制数据经过K次重复后依次排列，以得到第二调制数据d 2。
也就是说，第一调制数据d 1与第二调制数据d 2满足下述关系：
d 2(m 2)＝d 1(m 1),m 1＝0,1,2,...,M 1-1,m 2＝K·m 1+k,m 2＝0,1,2,...,M 2-1,k＝0,1,2...,K-1
具体地，第一调制数据d 1与第二调制数据d 2的关系可以参见图5。
示例性的，假设第一调制数据d 1的长度为3，表示为d 1＝[d 1(0),d 1(1),d 1(2)]，K的取值为4，则第二调制数据可以表示为：
d 2＝[d 1(0),d 1(0),d 1(0),d 1(0),d 1(1),d 1(1),d 1(1),d 1(1),d 1(2),d 1(2),d 1(2),d 1(2)]。
调制数据处理方式二
第一调制数据d 1中的第m 1个调制数据d 1(m 1)重复K次，重复K次后得到的K个d 1(m 1)在第二调制数据d 2中以等间隔K step排列，其中K step为正整数，K step可以被第二调制数据的长度M 2整除，例如K step＝2。K step可以预配置，也可以由网络设备通过信令通知终端设备。
示例性的，假设第一调制数据的长度为3，表示为d 1＝[d 1(0),d 1(1),d 1(2)]，K的取值为4，则第一调制数据中的数据在第二调制数据中以等间隔2排列，则一种可能的排列方式可以是如图6所示的形式。
参见图6，第一调制数据d 1中的第m 1个调制数据d 1(m 1)重复K次，重复K次后得到的K个d 1(m 1)首先依次排列在位置0,2,4,6,8,10；然后再依次排列在位置1,3,5,7,9,11。即以等间隔K step排列时，重复K次后得到的K个d 1(m 1)依次排列在位置k step,k step+K step,k step+2K step,k step+3K step,...,k step+(M 2/K step-1)K step，其中k step＝0,1,2,...,K step-1。
调制数据处理方式三
第一调制数据d 1通过循环扩展得到第二调制数据d 2。也就是说当M 2＝M 1·K时，第一调制数据d 1通过K次重复得到第二调制数据d 2。
或者，换句话说，第一调制数据d 1与第二调制数据d 2满足下述关系：
d 2(m 2)＝d 1(m 1),m 1＝0,1,2,...,M 1-1,m 1＝m 2mod M 1,m 2＝0,1,2,...,M 2-1，
其中，mod表示取模运算，x mod y表示x对y取模，例如7 mod 5＝2。
具体地，第一调制数据d 1与第二调制数据d 2的关系可以参见图7。
示例性的，假设第一调制数据的长度为3，表示为d 1＝[d 1(0),d 1(1),d 1(2)]，K的取值为4，则第二调制数据可以表示为：
d 2＝[d 1(0),d 1(1),d 1(2),d 1(0),d 1(1),d 1(2),d 1(0),d 1(1),d 1(2),d 1(0),d 1(1),d 1(2)]。
综上，通过对第一调试数据d 1进行调制数据处理方式一至调制数据处理方式三中的任一种处理，可以得到第二调制数据d 2。
S420，终端设备对第二调制数据d 2进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据。
其中，该发送预处理同时包括傅里叶变换和傅里叶反变换，也就是说，傅里叶变换和傅里叶反变换共存。这样终端设备对第二调制数据d 2进行发送预处理后，可以得到SC-FDMA符号。也就是说，所述时域发送数据可以为SC-FDMA符号。
S430，终端设备在该符号(或者说该一个符号)上发送该时域发送数据。
可选地，S420中的发送预处理可以通过下述发送预处理方式一或者发送预处理方式二实现。
进一步地，发送预处理方式一可以应用于调制数据处理采用调制数据处理方式一或者方式二实现的场景下，发送预处理方式二可以应用于调制数据处理采用调制数据处理方式三实现的场景下，但本申请实施例对此不作限定。
下面对发送预处理方式一和发送预处理方式二进行说明。
发送预处理方式一
该发送预处理除包括傅里叶变换和傅里叶反变换外，还可以包括相位旋转。进一步地， 该发送预处理还可以包括滤波。其中，滤波可以是频域滤波或者时域滤波。
具体地，终端设备通过对第二调制数据d 2依次进行相位旋转、傅里叶变换、傅里叶反变换，可以得到所述时域发送数据。或者，终端设备通过对第二调制数据d 2依次进行相位旋转、傅里叶变换、傅里叶反变换、加CP，可以得到所述时域发送数据。
或者，终端设备通过对第二调制数据d 2依次进行相位旋转、傅里叶变换、傅里叶反变换、时域滤波，可以得到所述时域发送数据。或者，终端设备通过对第二调制数据d 2依次进行相位旋转、傅里叶变换、傅里叶反变换、时域滤波、加CP，可以得到所述时域发送数据。
或者，终端设备通过对第二调制数据d 2依次进行相位旋转、傅里叶变换、频域滤波、傅里叶反变换，可以得到所述时域发送数据。或者，终端设备通过对第二调制数据d 2依次进行相位旋转、傅里叶变换、频域滤波、傅里叶反变换、加CP，可以得到所述时域发送数据。
以下将结合图8和图9所示的根据本申请的数据传输方法，对发送预处理方式一进行详细说明。
示例性地，图8示出了一种数据传输方法的示意性框图。其中，图8所示的数据传输方法采用频域滤波实现。下面对图8中的相位旋转、傅里叶变换、傅里叶反变换、频域滤波、加CP等各操作或各步骤进行说明。
(1)相位旋转
参见图8，第一调制数据d 2经过调制数据处理后，得到长度为M 2的第二调制数据d 2。第二调制数据d 2经过相位旋转，得到长度为M 2的旋转调制数据d shift。其中d shift(m 2)为旋转调制数据中的第m 2个数据。
其中，相位旋转操作可以是第二调制数据中的第m 2个数据乘以其对应的相位因子
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000033
由此，旋转调制数据d shift可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000034
其中，这里的相位因子
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000035
的值可以为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000036
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000037
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000038
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000039
进一步地，相位因子还可以与符号索引有关，但本申请对此不做限制。例如，第二调制数据所在的符号索引表示为l，则相位因子
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000040
的值还可以为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000041
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000042
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000043
或者
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000044
容易理解，第二调制数据经过相位旋转后得到的旋转调制数据为Pi/2-BPSK调制数据。旋转调制数据为Pi/2-BPSK调制数据表示该旋转调制数据特征为相邻两个调制数据点之间的幅度相同，相位相差π/2或者3π/2，因此，若所述符号对应的第0个调制数据为1，则该符号对应的第1个调制数据可以为j或者-j，该符号对应的第2个调制数据可以为1或者-1，该符号中相邻调制数据之间的相位相差π/2或者3π/2，满足Pi/2-BPSK调制。
(2)傅里叶变换
参见图8，长度为M 2的旋转调制数据d shift经过M 2点傅里叶变换，得到长度为M 2的频域数据d fre。
在一种实现方式中，频域数据d fre可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000045
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000046
是用于调整经过傅里叶变换得到的输出数据的功率的系数，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000047
为实数，例如
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000048
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000049
可以为预配置的固定值，也可以由网络设备通过信令通知终端设备。d fre(h)为d fre中第h个数据。
本申请中，傅里叶变换可以是离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transform，DFT)或者快速傅里叶变换(fast fourier transform，FFT)，还可以是其它傅里叶变换形式，本申请不做限制。
(3)频域滤波
参见图8，对长度为M 2的频域数据d fre进行频域滤波，可以得到长度为M 2的频域滤波数据d filter。
具体的，频域数据d fre中的第h个数据d fre(h)点乘频域滤波器系数S filter(h)，可以得到频域滤波数据d filter中的第h个数据d filter(h)，即
d filter(h)＝d fre(h)·S filter(h),h＝0,1,2,...,M 2-1
其中，S filter(h)为长度为M 2的频域滤波器S filter中的第h个系数。
需要说明的是，频域滤波器系数全部为1时，频域数据d fre和频域滤波数据d filter是一致的，不需要进行频域滤波或者说相当于没有进行频域滤波操作。
本申请中，长度为M 2的频域滤波器S filter可以是常用的滤波器的频域形式，比如跟升余弦(square root raised cosine，SRRC)滤波器，升余弦(root raised cosine，RRC)滤波器等滤波器的频域形式，本申请对滤波器的具体形式不做限制。
其中，M 2与数据分配带宽对应的子载波数目一致。也就是说M 2＝K·M 1时，数据分配带宽对应的子载波数目为第一调制数据的K倍。
(4)傅里叶反变换和加CP
参见图8，对长度为M 2的频域滤波数据d filter进行傅里叶反变换和加CP操作，可以得到一个符号的时域发送数据。
具体地，长度为M 2的频域滤波数据d filter经过傅里叶反变换和加CP得到一个符号的时域发送数据s，一种可能的实现方式是：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000050
其中，s(t)为s中第t个时刻的数据，t start≤t<t end，t start、t和t end为实数，t end-t start＝(N+N cp)·T s，例如：t start＝0，t end＝(N+N cp)·T s。N为正整数，例如N＝2048。N cp·T s为循环前缀的时间长度。Δf为子载波间隔，例如Δf＝1/(N·T s)。T s为时间单位因子，可以是预配置的，也可以是网络设备通过信令通知终端设备的。可选地，T s可以为将连续时域输出数据s(t)进行离散采样得到的离散数据中相邻两个离散数据之间的时间间隔。t offset为时延偏移，t offset的值可以是预配置的，例如t offset＝-N cp·T s；t offset的值也可以是由网络设备通过信令通知终端设备的。
其中
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000051
可以认为是傅里叶反变换调整输出数据功率的系数，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000052
为实数例如
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000053
q re,offset为频域偏移因子，q re,offset的值可以是预配置的，例如q re,offset＝1/2。q re,offset 的值也可以是由网络设备通过信令通知终端设备的。
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000054
为滤波数据d filter映射至频域资源的起始位置的索引，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000055
为滤波数据d filter映射至频域资源的结束位置的索引，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000056
例如，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000057
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000058
其中，频域资源的起始位置的索引和结束位置的索引可以分别是分配带宽对应的子载波起始位置和结束位置。例如，分配带宽中包括48个子载波时，也就是M 2＝48，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000059
假设N为2048，也就是说最多有2048个子载波可以映射数据，这2048个子载波对应的索引可以表示为0,1,2,…,2047。则由
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000060
和
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000061
指示的48个子载波的索引可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000062
可以知道，如果t start＝0，t end＝(N+N cp)·T s，t offset＝-N cp·T s，时域发送数据s的时间长度为(N+N cp)·T s，其中起始N cp·T s时间长度的数据可以认为是时域发送数据s的循环前缀。去除起始N cp·T s时间长度的数据以后剩余的长度为N·T s的数据可以认为是没有循环前缀时的时域发送数据。
上述表达式得到的时域发送数据s(t)是时间连续的表示形式。可以知道，假设t start＝0，t end＝(N+N cp)·T s，t offset＝-N cp·T s，以
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000063
对t进行离散采样时，则上述傅里叶反变换的连续表示形式经过离散采样后，可以得到如下离散的表示形式：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000064
上述离散表示形式的时域发送数据
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000065
包含N+N cp个数据，其中起始N cp个数据可以认为是循环前缀。
本申请中，傅里叶反变换可以是离散傅里叶反变换(inverse discrete fourier transform，IDFT)，或者快速傅里叶反变换(inverse fast fourier transform，IFFT)，也可以是其他形式的傅里叶反变换，本申请对此不做限制。
示例性的，图9示出了另一种数据传输方法的示意性框图。其中，图9所示的数据传输方法采用时域滤波实现。下面对图9中的相位旋转、傅里叶变换、傅里叶反变换、时域滤波、加CP等各操作或各步骤进行说明。
(1)相位旋转
(2)傅里叶变换
参见图9，第一调制数据d 2经过调制数据处理后，得到长度为M 2的第二调制数据d 2。第二调制数据d 2经过相位旋转，得到长度为M 2的旋转调制数据d shift。长度为M 2的旋转调制数据d shift经过M 2点傅里叶变换，得到长度为M 2的频域数据d fre。
相位旋转和傅里叶变换操作具体可以参照上文对图8中的相位旋转和傅里叶变换所作的说明，这里不再赘述。
(3)傅里叶反变换
参见图9，对傅里叶变换的输出数据，即长度为M 2的频域数据d fre进行傅里叶反变换，可以得到时域输出数据d time。
其中，在一种可能的实现方式中：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000066
其中d time(t)为d time中第t个时刻的数据，t start≤t<t end，t start、t和t end为实数，t end-t start＝N·T s，例如：t start＝0，t end＝N·T s；t offset为时延偏移，t offset可以为0。可以知道，t end-t start＝N·T s时，时域输出数据d time的时间长度为N·T s，也就是说没有循环前缀。
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000067
例如，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000068
其他参数参考上文中对图8中的傅里叶反变换所涉及的参数所作的说明。
(4)时域滤波
参见图9，对时间长度为N·T s的时域输出数据d time进行时域滤波，可以得到时间长度为N·T s的时域滤波数据d time,filter。
具体的，通过对时域输出数据d time与时域滤波器s filter进行循环卷积(circular convolution)，可以得到时域滤波数据d time,filter。
在一种可能的实现方式中，时域滤波器s filter通过傅里叶变换可以得到频域滤波器S filter。例如，s filter(t)为时域滤波器s filter的第t个时刻的数据，时域滤波器s filter的时间长度为N filter·T s，以n′·T s,n′＝0,1,2,...,N filter-1对s filter进行离散采样，然后进行傅里叶变换可以得到S filter。
(5)加CP
参见图9，通过对时间长度为N·T s的时域滤波数据d time,filter添加CP，可以得到一个符号的时域发送数据s。
具体地，一种可能的实现方式是，将d time,filter的末端N cp·T s时间长度的数据复制到d time,filter的起始位置作为循环前缀，可以得到时间长度为(N+N cp)·T s的时域发送数据。
应理解，本申请对添加CP的具体操作不作限定，具体可以参照现有技术，这里不再赘述。
发送预处理方式二
该发送预处理除包括傅里叶变换和傅里叶反变换外，还可以包括相位旋转和数据提取。进一步地，该发送预处理还可以包括滤波。其中，滤波可以是频域滤波或者时域滤波。
具体地，在一种实现方式中，终端设备对第二调制数据依次进行相位旋转、傅里叶变换后，得到长度为M 2的频域数据。然后终端设备对频域数据进行数据提取后，得到长度为M 1的提取频域数据，其中，提取频域数据为频域数据中的部分元素。最后，终端设备对提取频域数据进行傅里叶反变换后，可以得到时域发送数据，或者，终端设备依次对提取频域数据进行傅里叶反变换、加CP后，可以得到时域发送数据。
或者，在终端设备得到提取频域数据后，可以对提取频域数据依次进行频域滤波、傅里叶反变换后，可以得到时域发送数据。或者，在傅里叶反变换后终端设备再进行加CP处理，从而得到所述时域发送数据。
或者，在终端设备得到提取频域数据后，对提取频域数据依次进行傅里叶反变换、时域滤波后，可以得到时域发送数据。或者，在时域滤波后终端设备再进行加CP处理，从而得到所述时域发送数据。
应理解，上述中，数据提取和频域滤波操作的位置可以互换。
以下将结合图10和图11所示的根据本申请的数据传输方法，对发送预处理方式二进行详细说明。
图10示出了一种数据传输方法的示意性框图。其中，图10所示的数据传输方法采用 频域滤波实现。下面对图10中的相位旋转、傅里叶变换、频域滤波、数据提取、傅里叶反变换、加CP等各操作或各步骤进行说明。
(1)相位旋转
(2)傅里叶变换
参见图10，第一调制数据d 2经过调制数据处理后，得到长度为M 2的第二调制数据d 2。第二调制数据d 2经过相位旋转，得到长度为M 2的旋转调制数据d shift。长度为M 2的旋转调制数据d shift经过M 2点傅里叶变换，得到长度为M 2的频域数据d fre。
相位旋转和傅里叶变换操作具体可以参照上文对图8中的相位旋转和傅里叶变换所作的说明，这里不再赘述。
(3)频域滤波
参见图10，对长度为M 2的频域数据d fre进行频域滤波，可以得到长度为M 2的频域滤波数据d filter。
具体的，频域数据d fre中的第h个数据d fre(h)点乘频域滤波器系数S filter(h)，可以得到频域滤波数据d filter中的第h个数据d filter(h)，即d filter(h)＝d fre(h)·S filter(h),h＝0,1,2,...,M 2-1，
其中，S filter(h)为长度为M 2的频域滤波器S filter中的第h个系数。
需要说明的是，滤波器系数全部为1时，频域数据d fre和频域滤波数据d filter是一致的，不需要进行频域滤波或者说相当于没有进行频域滤波操作。
(4)数据提取
参见图10，对频域滤波数据d filter进行数据提取，从d filter中提取M 1(M 2＝K·M 1)个频域数据，可以得到提取频域数据d comb,filter。
可选地，长度为M 1的提取频域数据d comb,filter在频域滤波数据d filter中的位置I k′可以由K确定。通过表达式可以表示为：
d comb,filter(k′)＝d filter(I k′),k′＝0,1,2,...,M 1-1。
示例性的，当相位旋转的相位因子为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000069
时，位置I k′可以为(K×M 1/4)mod K+k′×K；当相位旋转的相位因子为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000070
时，位置I k′可以为(-K×M 1/4)mod K+k′×K。
示例性的，当相位旋转的相位因子为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000071
时，提取频域数据d comb,filter可以表示为：
d comb,filter(k′)＝d fre((K×M 1/4)mod K+k′×K)·S filter((K×M 1/4)mod K+k′×K)
示例性的，假设第一调制数据的长度M 1为3，K的取值为4，相位旋转的相位因子为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000072
则提取频域数据d comb,filter在频域滤波数据d filter中的位置I k′为I k′＝[3,7,11]。
需要说明的是，数据分配带宽对应的子载波数目与提取频域数据d comb,filter包含的数据数目一致。也就是说数据分配带宽对应的子载波数目就是第一调制数据的长度M 1。
(5)傅里叶反变换和加CP
参见图10，对长度为M 1的提取频域数据d comb,filter进行傅里叶反变换和加CP，可以将提取频域数据d comb,filter转换为一个符号的时域发送数据。
具体的，傅里叶反变换和加CP操作可以参考上文中对图8中的傅里叶反变换和加CP操作所作的说明。相比图8中的傅里叶反变换的输入数据为长度为M 2的频域滤波数据 d filter，这里的傅里叶反变换的输入数据为长度为M 1的提取频域数据d comb,filter，相应的
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000073
为滤波数据d filter映射至频域资源的起始位置的索引，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000074
为滤波数据d filter映射至频域资源的结束位置的索引，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000075
例如，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000076
图11示出了一种数据传输方法的示意性框图。其中，图11所示的数据传输方法采用时域滤波实现。下面对图11中的相位旋转、傅里叶变换、数据提取、傅里叶反变换、时域滤波、加CP等各操作或各步骤进行说明。
(1)相位旋转
(2)傅里叶变换
参见图11，第一调制数据d 2经过调制数据处理后，得到长度为M 2的第二调制数据d 2。第二调制数据d 2经过相位旋转，得到长度为M 2的旋转调制数据d shift。长度为M 2的旋转调制数据d shift经过M 2点傅里叶变换，得到长度为M 2的频域数据d fre。
相位旋转和傅里叶变换操作具体可以参照上文对图8中的相位旋转和傅里叶变换所作的说明，这里不再赘述。
(3)数据提取
参见图11，对傅里叶变换的输出数据，即长度为M 2的频域数据d fre进行数据提取，从d fre中提取M 1(M 2＝K·M 1)个频域数据，可以得到提取数据d comb。
可选地，长度为M 1的提取数据d comb在频域数据d fre中的位置I k′由K确定。用表达式可以表示为：
d comb(k′)＝d fre(I k′),k′＝0,1,2,...,M 1-1，
其中，d comb(k′)为中的第k′个数据。
示例性的，当相位旋转的相位因子为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000077
时，位置I k′可以为(K×M 1/4)mod K+k′×K；当相位旋转的相位因子为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000078
时，位置I k′可以为(-K×M 1/4)mod K+k′×K。
(4)傅里叶反变换
参见图11，对长度为M 1的提取数据d comb进行傅里叶反变换，可以得到时域输出数据d time。
其中，一种可能的实现方式是：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000079
其中d time(t)为d time中第t个时刻的数据，t start≤t<t end，t start、t和t end为实数，t end-t start＝N·T s，例如：t start＝0，t end＝N·T s；t offset为时延偏移，t offset可以为0。可以知道，t end-t start＝N·T s时，时域输出数据d time的时间长度为N·T s，也就是说没有循环前缀。
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000080
例如，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000081
其他参数参考上文中对图8中的傅里叶反变换所涉及的参数所作的说明。
(5)时域滤波
参见图11，对时间长度为N·T s的时域输出数据d time进行时域滤波，可以得到时间长度为N·T s的时域滤波数据d time,filter。
具体的，对时域输出数据d time与时域滤波器s filter进行循环卷积(circular convolution)，可以得到时域滤波数据d time,filter。
一种可能的实现方式是，时域滤波器s filter通过傅里叶变换可以得到频域滤波器S filter。例如，s filter(t)为时域滤波器s filter的第t个时刻的数据，时域滤波器s filter的时间长度为N filter·T s，以n′·T s,n′＝0,1,2,...,N filter-1对s filter进行离散采样，然后进行傅里叶变换可以得到S filter。
(6)加CP
对时间长度为N·T s的时域滤波数据d time,filter进行加CP，可以得到一个符号的时域发送数据s。
其中，一种可能的实现方式是，将d time,filter的末端N cp·T s时间长度的数据复制到d time,filter的起始位置作为循环前缀，得到时间长度为(N+N cp)·T s的时域发送数据。
综上，通过对第二调制数据进行发送预处理方式一或发送预处理方式二处理，可以得到所述时域发送数据。
图12示出了根据本申请实施例的数据传输方法得到的时域发送数据的PAPR的仿真图。
具体地，如图12所示，横轴表示时域发送数据的PAPR，纵轴表示互补累计分布函数(complementary cumulative distribution function，CCDF)。曲线(1)为根据图3所示的方法，由长度为6(即M 1＝6)的Pi/2-BPSK调制数据生成SC-FDMA波形同时引入频域滤波操作得到的时域发送数据的PAPR；曲线(2)为根据本申请提供的方法，对M 1＝6的BPSK调制的第一调制数据采用调制数据处理方式一，同时使用频域滤波时，得到的时域发送数据的PAPR，其中K＝2(即M 2＝12)；曲线(3)为根据本申请提供的方法，对M 1＝6的BPSK调制的第一调制数据采用调制数据处理方式一，同时使用频域滤波时，得到的时域发送数据的PAPR，其中K＝4(即M 2＝24)。
从图12中可以看出，M 1＝6，K＝2时，根据本申请提供的方法，时域发送数据的PAPR大约为0.8dB；M 1＝6，K＝4时，根据本申请提供的方法，时域发送数据的PAPR大约为0.7dB。而M 1＝6时，根据图3所提供的方法，时域发送数据的PAPR大约为2.2dB。也就是说，M 1＝6，K＝2时，本申请提供的方法相比图3提供的方法，时域发送数据的PAPR的增益为1.4dB左右；M 1＝6，K＝4时，本申请提供的方法相比图3提供的方法，时域发送数据的PAPR的增益为1.5dB左右。
综上，根据本申请提供的数据传输方法，将第一调制数据变为长度更长的第二调制数据后，且第二调制数据中的部分调制数据之间是相关的，不是完全随机的。并且，由第二调制数据得到一个符号的时域发送数据经过了傅里叶变换与傅里叶反变换操作，因此时域发送数据可以近似为将第二调制数据进行过采样后叠加得到，由于第二调制数据中的部分调制数据之间是相关的，第二调制数据过采样叠加时随机叠加的概率降低，正向叠加的概率也降低，从而能够降低PAPR。简单来说就是根据第二调制数据得到的一个符号的时域发送数据中的部分数据之间也存在一定的相关性，利用该相关性可以进一步降低PAPR。
并且，从图12所示的仿真图可以看出，本申请提供的数据传输方法能够将时域发送数据的PAPR降低至2dB以下。也就是说，相对于图3所示的数据传输方法，本申请提供的数据传输方法能够进一步降低时域发送数据的PAPR。
此外，本申请提供的数据传输方法，可以应用于任意长度的第一调制数据，而不局限于偶数长度的第一调制数据。
图13是一种数据传输方法500的示意性流程图。如图所示，图13所示的方法500可以包括S510至S530。下面结合图13详细说明方法500中的各个步骤。
S510，终端设备对长度为M 1的第一调制数据d 1依次进行第一相位旋转和傅里叶变换，得到长度为M 1的频域数据d fre。
S520，终端设备对频域数据d fre进行循环扩展，得到长度为M 2的扩展数据d extension，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数。
第一调制数据d 1的长度为M 1，也就是说第一调制数据d 1中包含M 1个调制数据。其中，d 1(m 1)为第一调制数据d 1中的第m 1(m 1＝0,1,2,...,M 1-1)个元素，即第m 1个调制数据。
关于第一调制数据是通过何种调制方式得到的，具体地可以参见上文中在S410中对第一调制数据的描述，这里不再赘述。
具体地，通过对第一调制数据d 1依次进行第一相位旋转，可以得到旋转调制数据d shift其中d shift(m 1)为旋转调制数据中的第m 1个数据。其中，第一相位旋转操作可以是第一调制数据中的第m 1个数据乘以其对应的相位因子
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000082
由此，旋转调制数据d shift可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000083
可选地，第一相位旋转的相位因子可以由K确定，其中，K＝M 2/M 1。也就是说，在M 2＝K·M 1的情况下，第一相位旋转的相位因子可以由K确定。
比如，第一相位旋转的相位因子
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000084
的值可以为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000085
其中α可以为π/2或者-π/2。第一相位旋转的相位因子还可以与符号索引有关，本申请不做限制。例如，第一调制数据所在的符号索引表示为l，则第一相位旋转的相位因子
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000086
的值还可以为
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000087
可选地，将长度为M 1的旋转调制数据d shift经过M 1点傅里叶变换得到长度为M 1的频域数据d fre，一种可能的实现方式为为：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000088
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000089
是用于调整经过傅里叶变换得到的输出数据的功率的系数，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000090
为实数，例如
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000091
d fre(q)为d fre中第q个数据。
将长度为M 1的频域数据d fre进行循环扩展得到长度为M 2的扩展数据d extension，用表达式可以表示为：
d extension(k′)＝d fre(k′mod M 1),k′＝0,1,2,...,M 2-1
其中d extension(k′)为d extension中的第k′个数据。M 2＝K·M 1，此时可以知道循环扩展操作等效于将长度为M 1的频域数据d fre进行K次重复得到扩展数据d extension。
S530，终端设备对扩展数据d extension进行第二相位旋转，得到频域旋转数据d fre,shift。
具体的，第二相位旋转操作可以是扩展数据d extension的第k′个数据d extension(k′)乘以第二相位旋转的相位因子
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000092
即：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000093
可选地，第二相位旋转的相位因子可以由K和M 2确定。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二相位旋转的相位因子为：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000094
应理解，上述的循环扩展操作与第二相位旋转操作可以一起进行，此时频域旋转数据d fre,shift可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000095
S540，终端设备对频域旋转数据d fre,shift进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶反变换。
终端设备对频域旋转数据进行发送预处理后，可以得到SC-FDMA符号。
S550，终端设备在该一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
根据本申请提供的数据传输方法，通过对第一调制数据进行第一相位旋转、傅里叶变换和循环扩展操作，可以得到长度更长的扩展数据，由于扩展数据中的部分调制数据之间是相关的，不是完全随机的，因此根据扩展数据得到的一个符号的时域发送数据中的部分数据之间也存在一定的相关性，利用该相关性可以进一步降低PAPR。
并且，图13所示的数据传输方法可以相当于图4所示的方法中的调制数据处理操作使用调制数据处理方法一时的等效方案，因此从图12所示的仿真图可以看出，图13所示的数据传输方法能够将时域发送数据的PAPR降低至2dB以下。也就是说，相对于图3所示的数据传输方法，本申请提供的数据传输方法能够进一步降低时域发送数据的PAPR。
此外，本申请提供的数据传输方法，可以应用于任意长度的第一调制数据，而不局限于偶数长度的第一调制数据。
可选地，作为本申请一个实施例，上述发送预处理还可以包括频域滤波或者时域滤波。进一步地，发送预处理还可以包括加CP操作。
在滤波为频域滤波的情况下，终端设备在S530中得到频域旋转数据d fre,shift后，通过对频域旋转数据d fre,shift进行频域滤波得到长度为M 2的频域滤波数据d filter，然后终端设备通过对频域滤波数据d filter进行傅里叶反变换可以得到所述时域发送数据。或者，在傅里叶反变换后，终端设备再进行加CP操作，可以得到所述时域发送数据。
关于如何对频域旋转数据d fre,shift进行频域滤，具体地可以参照参考上文中对图8中的频域滤波所作的说明，这里只是将图8中的频域滤波的输入数据即频域数据d fre替换为了频域旋转数据d fre,shift。
关于终端设备如何对频域滤波数据d filter进行傅里叶反变换，或者对频域滤波数据d filter进行傅里叶反变换和加CP操作，得到所述时域发送数据，也可以参照上文中对图8中傅里叶反变换和加CP操作所作的说明，这里不再赘述。
在滤波为时域滤波的情况下，终端设备在S530中得到频域旋转数据d fre,shift后，通过对频域旋转数据d fre,shift进行傅里叶反变换可以得到时域输出数据d time，然后终端设备再对时域输出数据d time进行时域滤波，可以得到所述时域发送数据。或者，在时域滤波后，终端设备再进行加CP操作，可以得到所述时域发送数据。
对频域旋转数据d fre,shift进行傅里叶反变换，得到时域输出数据d time，一种可能的实现方式是：
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000096
其中d time(t)为d time中第t个时刻的数据，t start≤t<t end，t start、t和t end为实数，t end-t start＝N·T s，例如：t start＝0，t end＝N·T s；t offset为时延偏移，t offset可以为0。可以知道，t end-t start＝N·T s时，时域输出数据d time的时间长度为N·T s，也就是说没有循环前缀。
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000097
例如，
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000098
其他参数参考上文中对图8中的傅里叶反变换所涉及的参数所作的说明。
关于终端设备如何对时间长度为N·T s的时域输出数据d time进行时域滤波，或者对域输出数据d time进行时域滤波和加CP操作，得到所述时域发送数据，可以参照上文中对图9中的时域滤波和加CP操作所作的说明，这里不再赘述。
上文中所描述的各方案仅以一个符号对应的第一调制数据为例，介绍了通过对第一调制数据进行各种处理从而得到时域发送数据进行发送。本领域技术人员可以理解，对于任一其他符号对应的调制数据，也可以对其进行类似对第一调试数据所进行的各种处理，以得到PAPR较低的时域发送数据。比如，终端设备侧可以通过图4所示的数据传输方法，同时传输对待发送的数据所对应的调制数据和DMRS所对应的调制数据。
上文中结合图4至图13主要介绍了终端设备侧的操作，本领域技术人员可以理解，网络设备侧进行与终端设备侧相反的操作后，可以得到解调的第一调制数据。比如，终端设备侧的操作为IFFT时，网络设备侧相反的操作为FFT。以下，以终端设备侧采用图8所示的数据传输方法为例，对网络设备侧的接收操作进行简要说明。
参见图14，本申请还提供了一种数据传输方法，该方法可以应用于接收端。这里以接收端为网络设备为例进行简要说明。
步骤一，去CP和傅里叶变换
网络设备对接收的时域发送数据进行去除CP以及进行傅里叶变换操作，可以得到长度为M 2的接收的频域滤波数据
应理解，接收的时域发送数据与时域发送数据s对应，即，时域发送数据s经过无线链路后，到达网络设备侧为接收的时域发送数据。
步骤二，信道估计和均衡
具体地，网络设备得到接收的时域发送数据和解调参考信号(DMRS)后，利用DMRS进行信道估计得到DMRS所在符号的信道响应，然后可以利用DMRS所在符号的信道响应通过插值或者直接赋值等方式得到数据所在符号的信道响应。该DMRS可以是利用本申请提供的方案传输的DMRS，也可以采用现有技术传输的DMRS。当DMRS为本方案中所述的DMRS时，利用接收的频域滤波数据与数据所在符号的信道响应进行均衡，可以得到长度为M 2的解调的频域滤波数据。
步骤三，傅里叶反变换
网络设备对长度为M 2的解调的频域滤波数据进行傅里叶反变换，可以得到长度为M 2的解调的旋转调制数据。
步骤四，相位旋转
在得到长度为M 2的解调的旋转调制数据后，网络设备采用相位因子
Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-000099
进行相位旋转，可以得到长度为M 2的解调的第二调制数据。
步骤五，合并
网络设备对长度为M 2的解调的第二调制数据进行合并，可以得到长度为M 1的解调的第一调制数据。
合并操作与调制数据处理是相反的操作，本领域技术人员根据上文所描述的调制数据处理操作，容易理解如何对长度为M 2的解调的第二调制数据进行合并。以发送端第一调制数据采用调制数据处理方式一得到第二调制数据为例，则合并操作为将长度为M 2的解调的第二调制数据中连续K个重复的调制数据进行相加并。例如假设第一调制数据的长度为3，K的取值为4，则合并操作为将长度为12的解调的第二调制数据中的第0,1,2,3个数据相加得到长度为3的解调的第一调制数据中的第0个数据；将长度为12的解调的第二调制数据中的第4,5,6,7个数据相加得到长度为3的解调的第一调制数据中的第1个数据；将长度为12的解调的第二调制数据中的第8,9,10,11个数据相加得到长度为3的解调的第一调制数据中的第2个数据。
在合并步骤后，网络设备通过对解调的第一调制数据进行译码等操作，可以得到发送端所发送的比特数据。
如上文所述，第一调制数据的PAPR较低，因此网络设备对第一调制数据的解调性能更好。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，分别从发送端(例如，终端设备)和接收端(例如，网络设备)的角度对本申请实施例提供的方法进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，发送端和接收端可以包括硬件结构和/或软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能以硬件结构、软件模块、还是硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。
图15是本申请提供的装置1500的示意性框图。该装置1500可以是发送端，也可以是发送端中的装置，还可以是其它能够实现发送端的功能的装置(如芯片等)。其中，发送端可以是终端设备也可以是网络设备。
参见图15，该装置1500可以包括处理模块1510和收发模块1520。
其中，在一个示例中，该装置1500可以用于实现图4所示的数据传输方法。
具体地，处理模块1510，用于对长度为M 1的第一调制数据进行调制数据处理，得到长度为M 2的第二调制数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数，所述第二调制数据中的任一调制数据为所述第一调制数据中的元素；以及，对所述第二调制数据进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶变换和傅里叶反变换；
收发模块1520，用于在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
应理解，上述各模块执行图4所示的方法中相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
在另一示例中，该装置1500可以用于实现图13所示的数据传输方法。
具体地，处理模块1510，用于对长度为M 1的第一调制数据依次进行第一相位旋转和傅里叶变换，得到长度为M 1的频域数据；对所述频域数据进行循环扩展，得到长度为M 2的扩展数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数；对所述扩展数据进行第二相位旋转，得到频域旋转数据；对所述频域旋转数据进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶反变换；
收发模块1520，用于在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
应理解，上述各模块执行图13所示的方法中相应步骤的具体过程在上述方法实施例中已经详细说明，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
应理解，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理器中，也可以是单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。
如图16是本申请实施例提供的装置1600的示意性框图。该装置1600可以用于实现发送端，如上述方法中的终端设备的功能。该装置可以是发送端，也可以是发送端中的装置，还可以是其它能够实现发送端的功能的装置，如芯片系统等。本申请中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
参见图16，装置1600可以包括至少一个处理器1620，用于实现本申请实施例提供的方法中发送端的功能，例如可以实现图4或图13所示的方法中终端设备所执行的功能，具体参见方法示例中的详细描述，此处不做赘述。
装置1600还可以包括至少一个存储器1630，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。存储器1630和处理器1620耦合。本申请实施例中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。处理器1620可能和存储器1630协同操作。处理器1620可能执行存储器1630中存储的程序指令。所述至少一个存储器中的至少一个可以包括于处理器中
装置1600还可以包括通信接口1610，用于通过传输介质和其它设备进行通信，从而用于装置1600中的装置可以和其它设备进行通信。示例性地，在该装置为终端设备时，该其它设备可以是终端设备或者网络设备被。处理器1620利用通信接口1610收发数据，并用于实现图4或图13所示的方法中终端设备所执行的功能。可选地，通信接口1610可以是收发器、电路、总线、总线接口或者其它可以实现通信功能的装置，本申请不做限制。
本申请实施例中不限定上述通信接口1610、处理器1620以及存储器1630之间的具体连接介质。本申请实施例在图16中以存储器1630、处理器1620以及收发器1610之间通过总线1640连接，总线在图16中以粗线表示，其它部件之间的连接方式，仅是进行示意性说明，并不引以为限。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图16中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
应理解，图16所示的装置还可以用于实现接收端，如图14所示的方法中网络设备的功能。此时，该装置可以是接收端，也可以是接收端中的装置。其中，该装置可以为芯片系统。本申请实施例中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
本申请实施例中的处理器可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理 器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当该计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行图4至图14所示实施例中任意一个实施例的方法。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种计算机可读介质，该计算机可读介质存储有程序代码，当该程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行图4至图14所示实施例中任意一个实施例的方法。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种系统，其包括前述的一个或多个终端设备以及一个或多个网络设备。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、终端设置或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，高密度数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
上述各个装置实施例中网络设备与终端设备和方法实施例中的网络设备或终端设备完全对应，由相应的模块或单元执行相应的步骤，例如通信单元(收发器)执行方法实施例中接收或发送的步骤，除发送、接收外的其它步骤可以由处理单元(处理器)执行。具 体单元的功能可以参考相应的方法实施例。其中，处理器可以为一个或多个。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A、B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a、b或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，或b，或c，或a和b，或a和c，或b和c，或a、b和c，其中a、b、c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
应理解，说明书通篇中提到的“一个实施例”或“一实施例”意味着与实施例有关的特定特征、结构或特性包括在本申请的至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书各处出现的“在一个实施例中”或“在一实施例中”未必一定指相同的实施例。此外，这些特定的特征、结构或特性可以任意适合的方式结合在一个或多个实施例中。应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。另外，图中对各步骤的说明仅为示意，不应对本申请构成任何限定。
在本说明书中使用的术语“部件”、“模块”、“系统”等用于表示计算机相关的实体、硬件、固件、硬件和软件的组合、软件、或执行中的软件。例如，部件可以是但不限于，在处理器上运行的进程、处理器、对象、可执行文件、执行线程、程序和/或计算机。通过图示，在计算设备上运行的应用和计算设备都可以是部件。一个或多个部件可驻留在进程和/或执行线程中，部件可位于一个计算机上和/或分布在2个或更多个计算机之间。此外，这些部件可从在上面存储有各种数据结构的各种计算机可读介质执行。部件可例如根据具有一个或多个数据分组(例如来自与本地系统、分布式系统和/或网络间的另一部件交互的二个部件的数据，例如通过信号与其它系统交互的互联网)的信号通过本地和/或远程进程来通信。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各种说明性逻辑块(illustrative logical block)和步骤(step)，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组 件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    对长度为M 1的第一调制数据进行调制数据处理，得到长度为M 2的第二调制数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数，所述第二调制数据中的任一调制数据为所述第一调制数据中的元素；
    对所述第二调制数据进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶变换和傅里叶反变换；
    在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，M 2＝K·M 1，K为大于1的整数。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一调制数据与所述第二调制数据满足下述关系：
    d 2(m 2)＝d 1(m 1),m 1＝0,1,2,...,M 1-1,m 2＝K·m 1+k,m 2＝0,1,2,...,M 2-1,k＝0,1,2...,K-1，
    其中，d 1为所述第一调制数据，d 1(m 1)为所述第一调制数据中的第m 1个元素，d 2为所述第二调制数据，d 2(m 2)为所述第二调制数据中的第m 2个元素。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送预处理还包括相位旋转或者还包括相位旋转和滤波，所述滤波为频域滤波或者时域滤波；
    其中，对所述第二调制数据依次进行所述相位旋转、所述傅里叶变换、所述傅里叶反变换，得到所述时域发送数据；或者，
    对所述第二调制数据依次进行所述相位旋转、所述傅里叶变换、所述傅里叶反变换和所述时域滤波，得到所述时域发送数据；
    或者，对所述第二调制数据依次进行所述相位旋转、所述傅里叶变换、所述频域滤波和所述傅里叶反变换，得到所述时域发送数据。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一调制数据与所述第二调制数据满足下述关系：
    d 2(m 2)＝d 1(m 1),m 1＝0,1,2,...,M 1-1,m 1＝m 2mod M 1,m 2＝0,1,2,...,M 2-1，
    其中，mod表示取模运算，d 1为所述第一调制数据，d 1(m 1)为所述第一调制数据中的第m 1个元素，d 2为所述第二调制数据，d 2(m 2)为所述第二调制数据中的第m 2个元素。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送预处理还包括相位旋转和数据提取，或者还包括相位旋转、滤波和数据提取，所述滤波为频域滤波或者时域滤波；
    其中，对所述第二调制数据依次进行所述相位旋转和所述傅里叶变换，得到长度为M 2的频域数据；
    对所述频域数据进行所述数据提取，得到长度为M 1的提取频域数据，所述提取频域数据为所述频域数据中的部分元素；
    对所述提取频域数据进行所述傅里叶反变换，得到所述时域发送数据，或者，
    对所述提取频域数据依次进行所述频域滤波、所述傅里叶反变换，得到所述时域发送数据，或者，
    对所述提取频域数据依次进行所述傅里叶反变换、所述时域滤波，得到所述时域发送数据。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述提取频域数据中的每个元素在所述频域数据中的位置是根据K的值确定的。
  8. 如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一调制数据是根据参考信号确定的。
  9. 一种发送数据的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    对长度为M 1的第一调制数据依次进行第一相位旋转和傅里叶变换，得到长度为M 1的频域数据；
    对所述频域数据进行循环扩展，得到长度为M 2的扩展数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数；
    对所述扩展数据进行第二相位旋转，得到频域旋转数据；
    对所述频域旋转数据进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶反变换；
    在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，M 2＝K·M 1，K为大于1的整数。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一相位旋转的相位因子是根据K的值确定的；和/或
    所述第二相位旋转的相位因子是根据M 2的值和K的值确定的。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一调制数据与对所述第一调制数据进行所述第一相位旋转后得到的旋转调制数据满足下述关系：
    Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-100001
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-100002
    为所述第一相位旋转的相位因子，
    Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-100003
    或者
    Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-100004
    α为π/2或者-π/2，l为所述第一调制数据所在的符号索引，
    d 1为所述第一调制数据，d 1(m 1)为所述第一调制数据中的第m 1个元素，d shift为所述旋转调制数据，d shift(m 1)为所述旋转调制数据中的第m 1个元素。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述扩展数据与所述频域旋转数据满足下述关系：
    Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-100005
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2019118791-appb-100007
    为所述第二相位旋转的相位因子，d extension为所述扩展数据，d extension(k′)为所述扩展数据中的第k′个元素，d fre,shift为所述频域旋转调制数据，d fre,shift(k′)为所述频域旋转调制数据中的第k′个元素。
  14. 如权利要求9至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送预处理还包括频域滤波或者时域滤波。
  15. 一种装置，其特征在于，用于实现如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的方法。
  16. 一种装置，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器中存储有指令，所述处理器执行所述指令时，使所述装置执行权利要求1至14任一项所述的方法。
  17. 一种装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理模块，用于：对长度为M 1的第一调制数据进行调制数据处理，得到长度为M 2的 第二调制数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数，所述第二调制数据中的任一调制数据为所述第一调制数据中的元素；对所述第二调制数据进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶变换和傅里叶反变换；
    发送模块，用于在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
  18. 一种装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理模块，用于：对长度为M 1的第一调制数据依次进行第一相位旋转和傅里叶变换，得到长度为M 1的频域数据；对所述频域数据进行循环扩展，得到长度为M 2的扩展数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数；对所述扩展数据进行第二相位旋转，得到频域旋转数据；对所述频域旋转数据进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶反变换；
    发送模块，用于在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
  19. 一种装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和通信接口，
    所述处理器用于：对长度为M 1的第一调制数据进行调制数据处理，得到长度为M 2的第二调制数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数，所述第二调制数据中的任一调制数据为所述第一调制数据中的元素；对所述第二调制数据进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶变换和傅里叶反变换；
    所述处理器利用所述通信接口在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
  20. 一种装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和通信接口，
    所述处理器用于：对长度为M 1的第一调制数据依次进行第一相位旋转和傅里叶变换，得到长度为M 1的频域数据；对所述频域数据进行循环扩展，得到长度为M 2的扩展数据，其中，M 1<M 2，且M 1和M 2均为正整数；对所述扩展数据进行第二相位旋转，得到频域旋转数据；对所述频域旋转数据进行发送预处理，得到一个符号的时域发送数据，所述发送预处理包括傅里叶反变换；
    所述处理器利用所述通信接口在所述一个符号上发送所述时域发送数据。
  21. 一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行权利要求1至14任一项所述的方法。
  22. 一种计算机程序产品，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行权利要求1至14任一项所述的方法。
  23. 一种通信系统，其中包括权利要求15至20任一项所述的装置。
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